-
8/12/2019 SACAA COMM Radio Aids
1/5
REF 1. RADIO AIDS IVFR
A H
3.1 Basic Radio Theory
3.1.1 Electromagnetic waves
frequency, wave length, cycle, phase, amplitude
frequency bands
sidebands, double sideband, single sideband,
band width
carrier wave, modulation, demodulation
amplitude modulation
frequency modulation
pulse modulation
designation of emission
signal/noise ratio
3.1.2 Antennas
characteristics
polarisation
polar diagram
types of antennas
3.1.3 Wave propagation
ground waves
direct waves
sky waves
ionosphere, critical angle, skip distance
dead space, refraction
fading
-
8/12/2019 SACAA COMM Radio Aids
2/5
factors affecting propagation (reflection,
absorption, attenuation, coastline, mountain, static)
3.2 AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER (ADF)
ADF loop theory, rotating and fixed loop antennas
principles
presentation and interpretation
coverage
range
errors and accuracy factors affecting range and accuracy
RBI and RMI
3.3 VHF OMNI-DIRECTIONAL RANGE (VOR)
principles
presentation and interpretation
coverage
range
errors and accuracy
factors affecting range and accuracy
CDI and RMI
Doppler VOR
3.4 DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT (DME)
principles
presentation and interpretation
coverage
range
errors and accuracy
-
8/12/2019 SACAA COMM Radio Aids
3/5
factors affecting range and accuracy
3.5 INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS) n/a n/a
principles n/a n/a
presentation and interpretation n/a n/a
coverage n/a n/a
range n/a n/a
errors and accuracy n/a n/a
factors affecting range and accuracy n/a n/a
3.6 BASIC RADAR PRINCIPLES n/a n/a
pulse techniques and associated terms n/a n/a
GROUND RADAR n/a n/a
principles n/a n/a
presentation and interpretation n/a n/a
coverage n/a n/a
range n/a n/a
errors and accuracy n/a n/a
factors affecting range and accuracy n/a n/a
3.7 AIRBORNE WEATHER RADAR n/a n/a
principles n/a n/a
presentation and interpretation n/a n/a coverage n/a n/a
range n/a n/a
errors and accuracy n/a n/a
factors affecting range and accuracy n/a n/a
application for navigation n/a n/a
-
8/12/2019 SACAA COMM Radio Aids
4/5
3.8 SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR (SSR)
principles
presentation and interpretation
modes and codes, including mode S
3.9 RADIO ALTIMETER
principles
frequency band
presentation and interpretation
errors and accuracy
3.10 GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM (GPWS) n/a n/a
principles n/a n/a
warning modes n/a n/a
3.11 EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER (ELT)
principles
frequencies
testing
3.12 AREA NAVIGATION n/a n/a
VOR/DME area navigation (RNAV) n/a n/a
principle of operation n/a n/a
advantages and disadvantages n/a n/a accuracy, reliability and
coverage n/a n/a
flight deck equipment n/a n/a
3.13 SATELLITE ASSISTED NAVIGATION: GPS/GNSS
System Components and principle of operation
advantages and disadvantages
-
8/12/2019 SACAA COMM Radio Aids
5/5
- Navigation System Performance Requirements
reliability/integrity
- Authorisation and Documentation
- Errors and Limitations
- Human Factors and GNSS
