AO-A01 052 CINCINNATI ELECTRONICS CORP OH F/S 17/5RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS BY THE MIDAS III SYSTEM AT KEV WEST V- C(U)SEP 79 A GEISER, C DIPPEL. V O'CONELL N60530-79-C-0031

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CINCINNATI CTR-94 1

i ELECTRONICS F=

TECHNICAL REPORT

RAIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTSBY THE MIDAS III SYSTEM AT KEY WEST

VOLUME 1:CLOUD BACKGROUNDS t A I=80

AUTHOR: A. Geiser. C. Dippel, V. O'Connellg S. Bertke

DATE: 19 September 1979

CONTRACT: N60530-79-C-0031

P.A. NO. 2142

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Radiometric Measurements by/the MIDAS III ig'boj __ -

System at Key Westtm foR/Cloud Backgrounds, b jep .

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Geiser and Dippel ), b -7 C O 3'

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Cincinnati Electronics Corp, AREA A WORK UNIT NUMBERS

2630 Glendale-Milford Rd Task SH 3791 282392Cic..ai - Program Element 62332N

Cincinnati. OH 45241 Project ZF32-392-00211 CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS I t REPORT DAYS

Comiander, Code 39403 .-1. Sep .79Naval Weapons Center U..UUSEMOF P A .

China Lake, CA 93555 , 13614. MONITORING AGENCY NAME A ADDRESS(II dIifferent lroa C.n lin tI CelI IS SECURITY CLASS. (of (hie report)

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Is. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

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Infrared SignaturesCloud BackgroundsRadiometric MeasurementsMIDAS III

20. ASTRACT (Connue on revere. e ide1.. necesay mid Identify by block number) This report describes the

test equipment, test procedures, test site and test results for a program tomeasure the infrared signatures of a representative sample of cloud backgroundsand aircraft at Key West, Florida. Data on various clouds were gathered betweenApril 26 & May 10, 1979, and data on F-4 and F-14 aircraft were gathered be-tween June 4 & June 19, 1979. The MIDAS III radiometer was used to measure theinfrared radiometer was used to measure the infrared signatures of the aircraftduring the day and a number of different types of cloud backgrounds at various)

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#20 contd.times of the day and night and at various angles with respect to the sun. TheMIDAS III System is a small-field scanning radiometer that makes simultaneousmeasurements of infrared sources in the 3-5 and 8-13 micrometer spectralregions. The 3-5 spectral region is further sub-divided into smaller spectralbands by inserting various spectral filters in front of the 3-5 detector.

UNC[ASSIFIFDSECURITY CLASSIFICATION OP THIS PA69(ftes Date itee1ld

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME I

I Page

FOREWORD ................................................... i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...-.........................................iv

1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY ....................................... 1

2.0 MIDAS SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ........ o...............................3

-~2.1 Scanner and Control Console .............................. 32.2 Data Recording and Readout .......... ................... 7

I3.0 SYSTEM CALIBRATION ..... .............................. ...... 10

4.0 TEST SITE DESCRIPTION ............................... o..........18

I5.0 BACKGROUND MEASUREMENTS ............... o........................22

6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................ 25

6.1 DC Restoration ............ o......... o.....................256.2 Data Analysis ....... o....................................25

I 7.0 MIDAS REFERENCES ............ .................. o...............28

APPENDIX 1: CLOUD DATA ............... o........................30

I VOLUME II: AIRCRAFT DATA

1 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Title P!age

11.1 Typical Cloud Pictures ...................................... 22.1.1 MIDAS III/UV System Block Diagram ........................... 42.1.2 MIDAS III Scanner ........................................... 5

j2.1.3 Filter Wheel Assembly ....................................... 62.1.4 MIDAS III System Parameters ................................. 82.2.1 Tape Recorder Channel Fomt................93.1 Calibration Factors ......................................... 11I 1.2 System Relative Spectral Response - Filter No. I

(3.2-4.77 umr).............................................. 1313.3 System Relative Spectral Response - Filter No. 25(4.4-4.77 pim) ............................................. 14

3.4 System Relative Spectral Response - Filter No. 5(3.8-4.2 pim) .............................................. 15

3.5 System Relative Spectral Response - Filter No. 6(3.4-4.3 pm) .............................................. 16

3.6 8-13 System Response ........................................ 174.1 Test Site Location .......................................... 191 4.2 Aerial View of Test Site .................................... 204.3 View From Test Site ......................................... 21I 5.1 Key West Background Data .................................... 23

3 FOREWORD

I This fi!nal report documents the results of some field measuremtnts at KeyWest, Florida-from April 26 throuhl May 10, 1979, and from Jun,, . through June

3 I 10, 1979. The measurements were made by Cincinnati Electronics Corporation* using the MIDAS III equipment. During the first half of the program banded

infrared radiometric data was collected on a series of cloud backgrounds undervarious conditions. During the second half of the program banded infraredradiometric data was collected on some aircraft flights. The cloud data isreported in Volume I of this final report and the aircraft d ta i. included in

Volume 2 which is a separate classified volume. This work was supported bythe Optical Signatures Program, Naval Weapons Center, China Lake, CA undercontract N60530-79-C-0031.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSIThe author wishes to thank the OSP Program Manager, Dr. Jon Wunderlich (Code39403), and the Project Monitor, Mr. Don Kappelman of the Naval WeaponsCenter, China Lake, for their support and assistance on this measurementsprogram. The work was performed by the Advanced Systems, Engineering Analysis,and Measurements Group of the Electro-Optical Systems Department of Cincinnati

Electronics Corporation under the supervision of Louis Williams. The ProjectEngineer was Al Geiser. Cincinnati Electronics field test personnel were AlGeiser and Charlie Dippel. Data reduction was done by Vicki O'Connell and Dr.

Steve Bertke.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION ANDt SUMMARY

This report describes the test equipment, test procedures, test site and testresults for a program to measure the infrared signatures of a representativesample of cloud backgrounds and aircraft at Key West, Florida. Data onvarious clouds were gathered by Cincinnati Electronics Corporation betweenApril 20 and May 10, 1979. Data on F-4 and F-14 aircraft were gatheredbetween June 4 and June 10, 1979.

The MIDAS Ill radiometer was used to measure the infrared signatures ot the

aircraft during the day and a number of different types of cloud backgroundsat various times of the day and night and at various angles with respect tothe sun. The MIDAS III system is a small-field scanning radiometer that makessimultaneous measurements of infrared sources in the 3-5 and 8-13 micrometerspectral regions (see references). The 3-5 spectral region is further sub-divided into smaller spectral bands by inserting various spectral filters infront of the 3-5 detector.

The MIDAS system was located at the north end of Fleming Key in Key West. Yhesvstem had an unobstructed view of a wide angle of sky and sea background witha1 number of small islands in the field of view. For the background measure-ments the MIDAS system was panned around to locate sectors in which there wasdetailed structure and/or intense signal levels. Representative samples ofthis data were then recorded. For the aircraft measurements the targets weretracked visually with a telescope which was boresighted with the intraredrad iomet er.

A camera was used to photograph most of the backgrounds in order to correlatethe infrared signatures with the visual scenes. These pictures are presentedalong with the analog plot of background irradiance as a function of scanangle for various spectral bands.

A set of four typical cloud pictures is shown in Figure 1.1.

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'.0 MIDAS SYSTEM DESCRIPrLN

,.,,SANNF.R AND C ONtROL CONSOLE

I ?4ltAS III -is h anded rad iomete.r uised to gat her t arget t ellpsral slid oir spat a.4 Itdat a IIseverial s pect r al hands . rte sy st em is liodu Ia r and canl he c~n t gu4t etdIll a var jetv i t ways. rihe MIDAS Ill Svst eml used,, tor tihe Backgtoknd Me.1sklt -ment s at Kevy West is shown in tihe block d jagraut lin Fiue .1 e syst etcon-itst ed o f thet scanner and contrtol , illit or ing and Oeodu lect ion C. .At~d

AMOb~lt- %tupport :all. Ai~ eer:::l view of the scanner with the VV Caea .ii

si gh t illg scope Is shown in Figuire 2. 1.2'. rthe I]% Nensor shown in Fignite 2.I.was ntused to it ivWs et. Aingle lons rte SOcameta knotshown) was mount ed on tihe t op of tile scannler, Across t101 it . h deaw

rilhe sc anner uinit cont ains two Ilenses side by side,. a t our -e Iew t german url ens with ati 8 -13 urn pas shand anid a t our-cei e ut ktwo geruturn1kil and t [wO4i liCn'0 lens With a I-S tnn pa&Ssbanit. Each ot th l enses has a .7Inch1apertuire A -'1 inch focal length and a resotut it'n ot 0. 10 mtil Ilradian. osthIndIeach lens is a coated pyrex tolding mi rror Which reflects the coniverging t'eamls

to tppie '- urn 1 Ors s e.c dtrontesa nirrtt h t I we it iS mercury c id s t tridoub~~le~ sdet ecator lcated t she Ilol plnet.i

bei ao of tile 4- S inn Ilens is re t Ie tc ed t rei thle scan ti r rot, o t het 2.. v I ementlindium ant imonide lInSb) det ector located at thet tocal plane. Both det ectotsI have staggered arravs with 10) percent ovetlapping. Fach elemtent In the twoarrav's is 0.01) mit tiradt.an inl arimtth by 0).1 t ml liradiall In etevat I on. Whlenlconvol1ved with the opt i al bl ur spot. thet detcc tor eci emnent s getner at e a si S\'tt eI reskitt ion ot 0.1 milliradian lin the at imiuth direct iOn Mv 0.1. 12 mii lII adi aI in 1thle elevat ion di rect illn. The two stagggered arrays lin each detvect or aeseparated by 0. S mil l iadi an. Fight of thle detect or elements lin eacth dct eiwere used to recorl ds at a. Thuis thle total elevat ion t ield-ot -vie was k, s

mi lliradian.

The -- det ector has a cold spec t ralI t i I ter wich I imi t s t he passband t lteI regi on f rom . to.- 4. 7 7 i cromet er s. A s ix-pos it ioin ti Itter wheel wi1th1 warmilfilIters was instal led in front of the 3-S detector lin order to measuire thlespect ral cont ent tit backgrounds at various passhands Within the . 2 to 4.region. Figure 2 .1I. ;is a photograph of the titIter wheel . Oniv tourv ot thmeavai lable six positions in the tilIter wheel were uised tor the backgroundme asurement s. The pas shands for these four til1t ers were: 3 .8-4 . . tilic r oulet erI.s

3 3.4-4. micrometers; 4.-.-4. 77 mictometers; and a wide band tIlIt er . When thisl at ter fitter was in posit ion thle measuired apect ruin was limited by thle Int cinalcold filitetr on the detector to the -1.2-4.77 micrometer passband . thle number,sequec~e and dwelt t ime for the selc 1t ion of tiltecrs cani bet progr amme~d I orI automatic operation or can be control led manualtv.

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JThe scan mirror is driven by a cam which produces a linear scan of 28 mradfrom right to left in the object plane in 75 msec followed by a retrace to theoriginal position in 25 msec. Each detector element output connects to ananalog preamp/postamp channel which produces an output signal corresponding tothe spatial variation of infrared irradiance across the scanned fielo-of-viewwithin the instantaneous angular field-of-view of the detector element. Thejresolution and sensitivity parameters are shown in Figure 2.1.4.

The MIDAS Ill control console was located in the mobile support van next tothe scanner. The console supplies power to tile scanner, provides for switch-ing, attenuation, and monitoring of the detector channels and contains acalibration signal generator for tape recorder calibration. Amplifiers forthe audio channel are also provided.

The Filter Wheel control consote was also located in the mobile support van.The console supplies power to the filter wheel independent of the MIDAS Illsystem and controls filter selection and filter dwell time. Filter wheelposition and various diagnostics are displayed.

2.2 DATA RECORDING AND READOUT

The data recording and readout electronics consist of a 4 trace oscilloscopefor direct monitoring of channel video signals, an 8 channel recording oscillo-graph for permanent visible records of direct or playback signals, and twoFR-1300, 14 channel instrumentation tape recorders for permanent data records.In addition there was a Sony video tape recorder and video monitor to recordand display the picture from the TV camera on the scanner. All this equipmentwas located inside the mobile support van.

The two FR-1300 tape recorders were used in the FM mode except for the voiceand IRIG time code channels which were direct mode. The 3-5 channels (Althrough A8) were recorded on channels 1 through 8 of recorder A and the 8-13um channels (CI through C8) were recorded on channels I through 8 of recorderB. On each recorder the IRIG time code, azimuth sync signal, and the voicechannel were recorded on channels 12, 13 and 14 respectively. The tapechannel format is tabulated in Figure 2.2.1.

A Bell and Howell 5-134 Recording Oscillograph was used for direct recordingof data for immediate analysis and for later playback. The oscillograph iscapable of simultaneously reproducing 6 channels of data plus lRIG time codeand azimuth sync. For both on-site data monitoring and post-test strip outfor data reduction, the oscillograph was run at 20 inches per second. In1 almost all cases a gain of 0.2 volt per inch was used.

The SLR camera is a 35 mm Pentax ME that was added to the MIDAS Ill system forthe Key West tests. The camera was boresighted with the IR lenses so that

photographic documentation of the backgrounds could be recorded simultaneouslywith the IR measurements. The camera has an optional red filter so that bothfiltered and unfiltered pictures can be taken in order to record the scenewith maximum contrast. A hand held Polaroid camera was also used to obtain

real time photos of the various backgrounds. Many of the pictures that arepresented with the data are Polaroid shots because of various problems withthe 35 mm approach, some of which were not discovered until after the test.

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3.0 SYSTEM CALIBRATIONIRadiometric calibration of the MIDAS Ill System was accomplished by measuringthe response of the system to a source of known temperature, emissivity, andangular size. The calibration was done in the Cincinnati Electronics Corpora-tion optical lab on a 16-inch Davidson reflecting collimator. An InfraredIndustries blackbody set at 200*C was used as the infrared source. Thissource has an emissivity of 0.99 ± 0.01. The temperature was monitored bymean3 of a thermocouple located in the cavity block. The measured temperatureis believed accurate to ± I.O°C.

I Since the calibration needed is the large target radiance calibration ratherthan the point source irradiance calibration, an extended target should beused as a source. However, a 200C large source will saturate the electronics.For this reason, a 1/20 mrad point source precision aperture was used and thevoltages measured were multiplied by the ratio of the large target signal to

the 1/20 mrad target signal measured at a lower temperature where saturationdid not occur. The reason that this measurement was not used as the actuallarge target calibration is that the low temperature could not be measured orcontrolled as accurately as the 200C temp,-rature. However, the ratios mea-sured are accurate regardless of the actual temperature of the source. Theratio was found to be 12.30 for the 3-5 ijm channels and 17.b7 for the 8-13 AMchannels.

j The output signal pulse from the 1/20, 200C source was observed on an oscillo-scope and the difference in the signal voltage between the hot target and theambient temperature aperature disk was recorded. The results were multipliedby the above ratios and averaged over the 8 channels and are shown in Figure

* 3.1.

I The next step in the system calibration is to determine the radiance differenceof the target for each filter. The effective radiance difference, AL eff (kpat wavelength A p is calculated from the equation,

TF(A) Rq (A) IL TB-A()&Leff (Xp) - OB P A (X) A) ILI (TBB)-L (TL )j dX

' where PB is the reflectance of the collimator mirror system

A ( k) is the spectral atmospheric transmission over the 21 footJcollimator path length

TF (A) is the spectral transmission of the system filter at wavelength A

SAp is a reference wavelength

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I RS (A) is the basic system spectral responsivity in centimeterssquared volts per watt without the filter,

I LX (TBB) is the blackbody spectral radiance in watts per squarecentimeter per steradian per micrometer at the blackbody temperatureTBB,

and L (TL) is the blackbody spectral radiance at the laboratorytemperature TL.

The spectral atmospheric transmission was calculated for the 21 foot Davidsoncollimator path length. The spectral transmission curves for the 4 filtersused during the test were measured with a Beckman 1R-4 Spectrophotometer. 'nt,basic system spectral responsivity, RS (A), was determined by using a seriesof spike filters covering the system passband in conjunction with the colli-mated blackbody source.

The over-li system response (basic radiometer plus spectral tilter) tor the3-5 channel is shown in Figures 3.2 through 3.5 for the various filters used.Filter No. I was broadband uncoated sapphire for optical path compensaLion sothat the overall system response is the same as the basic system response withno filtei. The overall system response for the 8-13 channel is shown itFigure 3.b.

The spectral atmospheric transmission, system and filter spectral curves, and

blackbody temperature were used in a previously developed computer program tocalculate ALeff(Ap) for the various tilters according to the above eqtta-t ion. These radiance difference values were then divided by the averagemeasured signal voltage for all Lhe channels in the 3-5 pm array. Figure ..also gives the radiance differences and the calibrated effective radiancedifferente per volt for each filter in the 3-5 pm detector and for the 8-1) "m

detector.

Although field calibrat ion measurements were made in order to check systemoperation and atmospheric effects, the lab calibrat ions were used in datareduct ion. 1

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4 . o rESI" SITE DESCRIPTION

The cloud background measurements were taken at a site wiitch wis loci.ted atthe northern tip of Fleming Key which is adjacent to Key West. At the time ot

the tests the site was located on an Army Hawk Missile Base whtch has sincebeen moved to another location. Figure 4.1 is part of nautical chart whichshows Key West, Fleming Key, tile test site and tile depth of tile watet surround-ing the keys. Figure 4.2 is an aerial photograph of the same locati, n.

The MIDAS system had a 240-degree unobstructed view of the sky, horizon andsea clockwise from 270 degrees through 150 degrees. rile remaining 1.0 degrees%.as obscurred by bunkers on the missile site and by adjacent equipmel't.Figure 4.3 is a photograp- fro~m the top of one of the bunkers looki l , east.The Navy administrative trailer is located to tile right. On tile lett ot tile

Navy trailer is tile GE/SPAR trailer with tile IRST system. Next to that is theCincinnati Electronics van and the MIDAS system is mounted on a tripod next tothe van.

A blackbodv was located 250 feet from the MIDAS system at a bearing ot 1-40degrees. The blackbodv was a large area source, which was one toot square.Next to the source was a large plate at ambient temperature. tlerocouple

leads were attached to tile blackbody and reference in order to check tiesystem calibration at periodic intervals during the test program.

The MIDAS system and the iRsr were both aligned with one of tile clhannlelmarkers which was located nominally at zero degrees. There was no parallelax

error in this alignment since both systems were virtually in line at a zero-j degree bearing.

The test location provided a maritime environment with temperatures between79'F and 84"F and relative humidity between ',3 and 82 percent. The surtacevisibility was in excess of 7 statute miles tor most ot tile data. rhe instru-ment that was used to measure visibility had a maximum range of 7 miles andthis value was recorded whenever the visibility was equal to or greater tnanmiles. The environmental data was all recorded at the naval air station onBoca Chica Key. The distance between the test site and the envxironmtntal testinstruments was approximately 5-6 nautical miles.1

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5.0 BACKGROUIND MEASUREMENTS

Thle purpose of the, Backgrouind Moitsuret tts phase ti t he contr act wias t o obt ailradijomet r ic dat a on var-iou s types otit cl1ouds . The MlIDAS sv st em wits scanneld

* ~across di fferent cloud format ions and c loud/sky ittert aces at ditIterett t itesof the day and at diff e rent angles withI respect to tit hesu . lle sv si em wasIstopped and dat a was recorded whe nev~er clouds thitat had s iguiic ant st ru c tu e

were encountered. At times thet GE/SPAR IRST svst em woulId iii catte a att

number of clit ter points at a cert am pos it ion. The MiDAS system won id thenibe al igntd witht the coordinates ot th is C hit ter pos it ion anld the dat' aWasrecorded when s i gni ficant st inttxie was evident.

St ructutre in the 8-1 1micrometter band was almost non1-exiStvent t otI a I I o t tlitedaytime data whereas thtexe was at lot of st x-nctutre iltit- h 3-,) iticobtitaxid.

*As a result , all of the dayt ixne dat a that is- me-prodxiced inl till.- repolt is ;--'tmnic romet er data. The eveiing and nightli t im diltia hals 1iitxcit Ixo re sti mctnirt' illtile 8-1.1 micrometer band thIxi in tilte 1- i hanid. lteicet, tit daltai tit is xe0p101t edfor the ntight time i-tits inclidet, tiet 8-I3 spectra a .nd.

The 3-5 dat a was recorded dirtxet l ott t he recordinig osc ml logrtt1 Witereis tilt-8-13 data was recorded on t tiet I ape, recorders i xst itd laxter p hived back anxdtrecor-ded on the os c i IIogi-aph . Titeretore , tite 8-1 1 dlt a htas a stttal I I llixt oiaddit ional noit when comtpared with tilt, 3-S %~tt a.

During most of thet tests the clouids were movixng i r I , tap xd I v itd /lox welt'

changing shape anxd k-ottjos it ioxti. As a result seqmitlt i~x dat a Ixilts With itdillt-

ent 3-5 hand filiter's do not a lwaivs repr-eseitt (lie, saitt, sCeti'. MtostIo t ittlt I 1111t,the MIDAS system was moved inI order to trtack the samte positi ott txt a met' t tt

c louid. Hlowever. therex were, t mnes wtte x thot shavie o i thet c loud .'htaxtged t adixca.l lvfrom t he he gtnn xitig ti i a me astirveitenit t o thte end . i,111tis * c oxipa'1 I isOits .11mo tig t lt,3-5 spectral rins shoti Id lit mnade w itht catitl ton. COittpa x ISotils bet wei'lx tit iii -and 8-13 bands shon I d also be xnai with ila i on be can se. tit, 8- 13 gx a ph s t it.it

are presented in this report are not neci'ssam- tV lvcoixtCide'it inl t meit withI tiit,respect ive 3-', graphs. This is a resualt oit t ilt, tat that 8-1i dta was( kiat night whein tihe 1 RI t imt' c ode ge ner .xt o it lt- iiIRST s stvi ewit was stit down.

* ~Therefore, no tLimte code was available on the recordedk dalti a ttl crrspndn* frames of 3-5 andi 8-111 dat a conuld itot be ideitt it ted.

Data for th irty-thtree di flerent backgrt-ouid I arget s at. ixi ided in I this

report . Th is sampin xg represent s thle worst case4t Cond it ionls ill tvii etitst ructutred backgrotinds . l'igire 'i. I l ists4 te lt(hi vt , -t tirt'e backg-oxiint t aitgo't sand t lie pe rt i ient tidat a t ot- each o I t i, tax-ge t s . Most otit t iit, ta t a, stxt' i s

t ime., bearing anti rmteorological condi tionis, are, sell -explanaittorv'. nitx lattcoluimn, exit it led ''IRSI' ChIit tor'' rt'quied skiiti t'xplattat ioit. Tilte GI- '/SI'AH I R81

sys tem wals l ocatedt next to tilie MIDAS sy stem. At t ime s tilieI, I wouil I i dcat t,

a fair umber of c hit ter poinits at somte loc'atioit. Thei Mt DAS svsletm wotil hi oinbe pointed toward thle sant locat ion in tilt, skyv to menasult- and lt'Ox tt'

-- j _K TI 'li i l / / t! l Ii

ew

S,,... . c

S I , I U

j t

K,2 :i / C-,, ' , ,:, ? : ' " ." : " ' I :! " , . - . .

[ | I ' ; 0 ' !

It- *., . '.' *-W . .'."; ',N ,-< : .{ ,' . , . '4 ' .,

NI , € !. .

1IIi

.LLL I _. J ti _ :

spectral characteristics of that particular clutter region. Targets ti thistype are indicated with an "X" in the last column. All other targets wereselected independently of the IRST system.

A few of the targets were different from the majority ot structured cloudbackground. Target 43 is a wide scan in which the MIDAS system was pannedacross a wide azimuth field to obtain data on the variability of the back-ground. Targets 45, 46 and 47 are scans near the horizon which were recordedto measure the sky/sea contrast levels. Target 45 crosses the horizon duringthe horizontal scan, going from the sky to the sea as the scan moves iotem Iettto right. Target 46 is a scan entirely in the sky just above the horizon andtarget 47 is a scan ent irely in the sea just below the horizon. Target 31 isa scan across a microwave tower against a sky background. Target 14 is a sCalacross a water tower with a sky background. rihe target is included because itis an interesting example of contrast reversal between the 3-5 and 8-1-1 spec-tral bands. The target shows negative contrast with respect to the sky in the3-5 spectral band and positive contrast with respect to the sky in the 8-Ispectral band. Targets 5 and 33 are scans of sun glint off the ocean surtact,.When recording cloud targets 27, 28 and 35 the clouds were tracked with theradiometer. All other cloud targets were recorded with the radiometer sta-t ionary.

The spectral data for each of the thirty-three targets is shown in Appenidix 1.The figures are numbered according to the target numbers. Each target has asummary of the test parameters along with a picture of the scene that wasmeasured. The picture has a black line on it which de tines the area that wasscanned by the MIDAS system. A set ot arrows indicates the position of theblack line.

Following each dat a/pict tre sheet is a set ot analog graphs. 'hie spectralband for each series of graphs is listed at the top of the graph. Six scalsare Arranged vert ically on each graph. Tie Six scans are the analog out

t S

from the first six elements of the detector. Therefore, the six tracesrepresent scans in object space that are separated by 0.1 milliradian in th,,elevation direction. The total vertical field covered by the six scans is O. nmill iradian. The horizontal traces are backward when compared to objectspace. Thus the traces from left to right represent scans from right to it'ltin the pictures. The horizontal field covered by each scani is I.6, or 28milliradians as indicated by the scale at the bottom of the graphs. Alt,'at escans in the vertical direct ion are staggered 0.5 milliradian in the hori .ontaldirect ion because the corresponding detector elements are staggered. Thevertical dimension on each graph is the effective radiance difference in watt/sq. Cm.

24

II

6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS

It is recommended that additional work be done in two separate areas - dcrestoration and data analysis.

6.1 DC RESTORATION

In the existing MIDAS system, some of the electronic bandpass filters have acuton at 30 Hz in order to minimize the 1/f detector noise and increasesensit ivity. This ac coupling is acceptable for point target measurements orarea measurements with reference sources closely contained in the same scanline, but in order to measure accurately the absolute amplitude of area targetor background radiation as well as the radiance contrast, for comparison withanalytical models or use in future IR systems designs, the absolute or dclevel of the background radiation across the field-of-view has to be recorded.

One solution for preserving the background level is to lower tile filter cutonfrequency so a dc level (uniform background) can be maintained across one scanof the field-of-view. To get a negligible level droop across a single scanrequires a 0.1 1tz cuton frequency. This introduces more 1/f noise. Alterseveral scans this level will eventually decay to zero due to the tiuitte t imrconstant on the coupling between the preamplifier and postamplifier. Ilhisdecay can be eliminated by injecting optically a reference signal level duringthe 25% retrace time of the scan mirror. This technique solves tle long t, emdroop by "dc restoring" while also providing a known reference level each

frame which can be used to precisely calibrate the dc or any other target orbackground voltage level.

Several methods of injecting a reference signal have been examined and out,technique has been selected. This concept uses an external shutter in con junc-tion with an internal chopper. Cincinnati Electronics recommends that tilt,MIDAS system be modified for dc restoration by adding the shutter and chopperand by modifying the d,.tector electronics that have a cuton at 30 Htz.

6.2 DATA ANALYSIS

The data that is presented in this report is just a snall sample of the data

that is available on tapes and oscillograph charts. '.n order to greatlyincrease the usefulness of this data it should be reduced and analyzed. Vlhe

paragraphs below outline the specific tasks that should be pertormed with thedat a.I

1

I " it 2 ...

-

1 6.2.1 STANDARD FORNAT BACKGROUND TAPES

The data should be put on a formatted IBM tape using CE's in-house IBM 370-1 48computer in order to make the Key West background data available as standardreference material for other studies.

I 6.2.2 (3.8-4.2)/(4.4-4.8) IRRADIANCE RATIOS

There is suffi,-ient data in the 3.8-4.2 pm and 4.4-4.8 pn bands to character lzuwirradiance ratios between those bands for backgrounds such as clouds, tertain,and ocean measured at Key West. As part of the total industry effort todevelop long-range search and track systems, several groups 1xave develop,,dtechniques to compute the theoretical values of such color ratios tor spectralbands similar to those mentioned above. The predictions are made tor targetsand for backgrounds using the somewhat limited amount of cloud background dat-a

I previously available. System design methods could be improved it the pet-

tive capability were verified by a larger amount of color ratio data takenfrom background measurements such as Key West data.

6.2.3 THRESHOLD CROSSINGS vs. THRESHOLD LEVEL AND TIME

False alarms in infrared warning systems may occur because of a thresholdlevel set t ing which is too low for the background level . Genera I lI y aia I Vs Isof a system's false alarm rate can be done in terms of threshold crosstlugs perunit time and fraction of time the threshold is crossed for a given thresholdsetting and type of background. Reduction of the MIDAS-Key West backgrounddata to these formats would provide a useful data base for analysis ot theperformance of IR search systems with respect to threshold crossing rates itr

several spectral regions and selected electronic bandpasses.

I 6.2.4 VERTICAL FIELD-OF-VIEW EFFECTS

For system design, the effect of vertical (elevation) tield-ot-view is MpoV-

tant. We have data on eight separate vertically arranged channels using MIDAS.By summing the outputs of the channels in various combinat ions. we can deter-mine the effect of elevation FOV or detector size on the background results.

* Since the detector has vertically staggered elements, allowance must be madefor time delay in azimuth. The results could be useful in detector conftigura-tion design in other systems.

6.2.5 SUNGLINT IN THE 3-5 Jrm AND 8-12 um REGIONS

3 One source of false alarms is sunglints fron water. IR sunglint data is com-plicated since the moving waves, which act as reflectors, follow complicatedtrajectories with time. However, we can determine from the data whethersimultaneously viewed sunglints are more intense in the 3-5 um or 8-1.' kinwindows, compared to the expected values of target signals in thosif samewindows.

I._,i -- - . -x- r : .- - - . . . 12 . ... .. . .. ..... . . ... .. ..

I 6.2.b DAY/NIGHT LOMPARlSON

Some of the MIDAS-Key West data was taken during the day and some at night.Since many systems are required to perform both day and night, a comparison otbackground characteristics at both times- would show how a given system designmight be expected to perform in this regard.

IIIIII1II1Ii

1

IiI

7.0 MIDAS REFERENCES

I1. R.J. Day, L.A. Williams, R.L. Shaver, "MIDAS 1I Test Data, NSWC Dahilgren,

VA. (U)", Final Report Contract N00178-75-C-0307 13th IRIS Symposium on

Infrared Countermeasures, harch 1975, Confidential.

2. R.J. Day and R.L. Shaver, "MIDAS II/UV Field Test at White Sands MissileRange (U)", CE Corp CTR-75-0002, Final Report Contract F33b15-73-C-084,July 25, 1975, Secret.

3. R.J. Day, R.L. Shaver, "Aerodynamic Infrared Target Signature Measure.hnlts

with the MIDAS 11 Sensor at Holloman AFB (U)", CE Corp C'R-75-Ooo-, FitnalReport Contract F29651-75-9018b, 13 Jan. 7b, Contidential, AFAL-TR-7-30.

I 4. R.J. Day and R.L. Shaver, "IR Measurements Program for Optical SignaturesProgram (U)", CE Corp CTR-7b-0003 Final Report Contract N0123-7Ci-:-,15t,10 Sept. 76, Confidontial, DDC #ADC-009191L.

5. A.G. Geiser, R.L. Shaver, and L.A. Williams, "MIDAS 11 IR Measurement4 otInstrumented and Other Aircraft - November 1975 kU)", CE Coip CTR-70-00U0,U Final Report Contract N00123-76-C-0370, 11 Nov. 7b, Secret.

6. R.J. Day and R.L. Shaver, "Multispectral Infrared Data Acquisition System(MIDAS II) Infrared Measurements at San Nicolas Island tor Optical Signa-tures Program (U)", 15th IRIS Symposium on Infrared Countermeasures,April 1977, Confidential.

* 7. A.G. Geiser, "MIDAS Ill/Holloman Test Interim Report, IOA-BI and IOA-I2Runs (U)", CE Corp TR-77-0004, Final Report Contract F29651709013.,13 May 1977, Confidential.

8. A.G. Geisor, "MIDAS III Infrared Measurements of AIM-4A, A1M-4D, and

AIM-9B Missiles for Holloman AFB (U)", CE Corp TR-77-0017, Final ReportContract F29651-77-90089, Confidential.

9. L.A. Williams, A.G. Geiser, R.W. Englert, C.E. Dippel and P.H. Malone,"The Effect of BAckground Obscuration on MIDAS Data", CE Corp 30-7030N,

14 December 1977.

10. L.A. Williams, A.G. Geiser, R.W. Englert, C.F. Dippel, and P.H. Malone,"The Effect of Background Obscuration on MIDAS Banded Radiometer Data

(U)", 26th National IRIS Proceedings, Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs,May 19731, Secret.

1

28

I-- I ,-- -. . -maid

11. A.G. Geiser and L.A. Williams, "Multispectral Infrared Data AcquisitionSystem (MIDAS 111) Infrared Measurements at San Nicolas Island forOptical Signatures Program (OSP III) (U)", 17th Symposium on IRCM, IRIS,April 1979, Confidential.

I 12. A.G. Geiser, "IR Measurements for Optical Signatures Program (OSP 111)(U)", Volumes I and II, CE Corp CTR-79-0004, Final Report ContractN00123-76-C-1918, 12 April 79, Secret.

1 13. A.G. Geiser, "Measurements of AIM-9B/Have Cargo and AIM-7E MissileAerodynamic Surface Heating (U)", CE Corp CTR-79-0015, Final Report3 Contract F29651-79-C-0037, 30 October 1979, Secret.

I

II£

APPENDIX I

IThe following pages contain the data on cloud backgrounds for 33 different

* targets.

IIIIIIIIIIIII

30

L~L~J

- TARGET 2

II

DATE: 1 MAY 1979TIME: 16:00TEMPERATURE: 780FRELATIVE HUMIDITY: 56%VISIBILITY: 7 STATUTE MILESBAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 30 INCHESTARGET AZ ANGLE: 17o

TARGET ELEVATION: 7.40

SUN TO TARGET ASPECT ANGLE: 960

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Tl IME: 10: 151 '1' V PERATURE: 81 FRVLATWIE HIUIIT1Y: 65%

j \'ISII3I1T1Y: 7 STATUTrE MILESI3AROX ETHIC PRESSURE: 30 INCH ESTARGET AZ ANGLE: 60 0

TARGET EL.EVATfION: 4.9 0I SUN TO0 TARGET ASPECT ANGLE: 580

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DATE: 2 MAY 1979

TIME: 10:25TEMPERATURE: 81 F

RELATIVE HUMIDITY: 62%

VISIBILITY: 7 STATUTE MILES

BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 30 INCHESTARGET AZ ANGLE: 900

TARGET ELEVATION: 10.30SUN TO TARGET ASPECT ANGLE: 47 0

j CORRELATED WITH IRST CLUTTER

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3. -4. 77, 4. 4-4. 7ui

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DATE: 2 MAY 1979I TIME: 10:32'fFMPFRATURE: 81 F

RFLATIE IIUMIDIIY: 62%\'ISII3ILITX': 7 STATUTE MILESJ3AROM ETPIC PRESSUJRE: 30 INCH ESTARGET AZ ANGLE: 400 ®

TARGET ELEVATfION: 2.0 0

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I CORRELATED WITH IRST CLUTTER

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00TARG ET; EL EVl FI -\A TIION: 7. 2o

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'VAIW, ET A7 ANGLE: NO'1' AVAILAB3LEI'AROF El E EATION: NO'TAVAIIABLE

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III

DATE: 4 MAY 1979TIME: 9:44TEMPERATURE: 83°FRELATIVE HUMIDITY: 59%VISIBILITY: 7 STATUTE MILESBAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 30 INCHESTARGET AZ ANGLE: 1230

TARGET ELEVATION: 1.00

SUN TO TARGET ASPECT ANGLE: 550i WATER TOWER

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D)ATE: 4 MAY 1979TIM E: 14:04ITl.:MPERATURE: 84 0F13ELATE'VE I1MII)ITY: 53%J VISIBiLITY: 7 STATUTE MILESB3AROMETRIC PRE'SSU HE: 30 INCH ESTrARGET AZ ANGLE: NOT AVAIl ABLETrARGET ELEVAT ION: N OT AVAILABL ESUN TrO TARGET ASPECT ANGLE: NOT AVAILABLE

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I DATE: 4 MAY 1979'rIME: 15:42

TEMPERATURE: 82 0FRELATIVE HUMIlDITFY: 58%I VWSIBI1A'P: 7 STATUTE MILES

BARATFRICPR ESSi) HF: 30 INCIIESTARGET AZ ANGLEF: 308 0I TARG FT ELEVA'IION: 9. 10

SUN Tro TARGET ASPECT ANGLE: 58 0ICLOUD WAS TRACKED

I TARG ET 28

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I TAIRG T 31

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SUN TOy TARGET ASPECT ANGLE: 45 03 MAICROWAVE TOWElR

TARGLET 31

13.2-4. 77,Lum 4. 4-4. 7 7 umn

z

0 z0

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C.C4

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TARiG El 31

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00

z -

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I TARGET 32

DATE: 5 MAY 1979T IMEF: 9:25TEMPERATURE: 820FRELATIVE HUvIlDITY: 62%L5 VISIBILITY: 7 STATUTE MILES

BARINE~ricPRESSURF: 30 INCHESTARGET AZ ANGLE: 840

TARGETI ELEVATION: 1.90SUN '1- TARGET ASPECT ANGLE: 460

TARGET 32

3 .2- 4 . 7 7A 4.4-4. 77A.w

z z

I H H

U)U)

I U U -

u iv

w 44 -

N -

5 1-3RAIAS/DVIIO 5X 0RAIASDIISO

: TARGET 32

3.8-4. 2#Am 3.4-4. 3)m~n

IJ0 0.

Iz

IxC2

'-.

zz

IAw3 0 3 R D A S D V S O 0 3 R D A S D V S O

NO

Ij TARGE'' 33

Ii

5 1)A'LKE: 5 MAY 1979

T'NI K: 9:3(0'1 I' . l{ATIMl: 82 0 FHIIIATIV 1K I DII-IIIL'X : 62%,VlI lI ,IFY: 7 STATUTE MI.LES

BA IO M E'RH IC I4 ,1<88 1 S I: 30 INCIIES''A 1R KV " AZ ANG I,F: 87 0

'l'Al1,%'(,F El, VATION: -0. 150SIUN TO ''ARtAIKI' ASIFi-T ANGIE,: 310

.SOLAR1 GIAINT

I!~

I ,'" ' i'

I"

l 1i,

I TARG ET 33

3.2-4. 77j~ 4.4-4. 77)LM

. 0. ~ .rL*

'~ 4 ~I 1 I~ Jl~I1E

~OAI

z I u

I~r~jI

C.) j~3

-3X10 RADIANS /DIVISION 5 X 10 RADIANS/DIVISION

i--

3 TARG ET 33

3.8-4.2, m 3.4 -4./3m

z ' T I II'

,,It

iil

- zT

4;

-I I , ' r m -

At .141Ilk ~i

- X " 5 x 10,, L.! IV I __

0 ' -" , i 'i"

I 5 03RDASDVSO 03I&IN DII2 O

lZ

I TARGE~ 35

DATE: 5 MAY 1979TIME: 10:15TEMPERAIUI-,E: 830F

I RELATIVE liUMvU)I'TY: 60%V1-SIJTLI'Y: 7 STATUTE MILESBAI{OMETrRIC PRESSURE: 30 INCHESTARGET AZ ANGLE: 1030

TARGET ELEVATION: 9.5 0

SUN TO TARGET ASPECT ANGLE: 46 0

I CLOUD WAS TRACKED

........

I TARG ET 35

I3.2-4.77Mm .-. 7

z .1q

I z -

-3 3

5-0RDAS DVSO x . 10 RAINS-IVSO

j TAMOEl' 35

3.8-4. 2A 3.44.*3)h

zzIi 0

~46 .

id.- -1

II TARGET 36

II

I DATE: 5 MAY 1979TIME: 12:35TEMPERATURE: 84°F

I RELATIVE HUMIDITY: 60%VISIBILITY: 7 STATUTE MILESBAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 30 INCHESTARGET AZ ANGLE: 100

TARGET ELEVATION: 9.60

i SUN TO TARGET ASPECT ANGLE: 84

II

i III

1I-

TARG ET 36

43. 2-4. 7 7,Aum 4. 4-4. 7 7)ii

0 0

- - rU

.- .. ....

Iz

2 z

5 X 10- RADIANS /DIVISION 5 X 10- 3RADIANS DIVISION

TARGGFl 36

3. 8-4. 2,u m 3.4-4. 3/n

z

v-4 T-4

x -x

P-4

- z

17

13 35 X 10 RADIANS/DIVISION 5 X 10- RIADIA NS.'DI VISION

TARGET 37

DATE:: S MAY 1979'rINI: 9:24

V1SIIAI(ITY- 7 STATUJTE M~ILESB'Al,0NIFRl E' 11PZ E'RI lN : 30 INCH ESTAIK Er AV, ANG1 V: 860T1ARGF El'El,FVA'IoN: 8.6~

SUN TIO 'Y1CE'ASPIVT' ANGLE : 31;

LL

TARG ET 37

3.2-4.77u 4.4 4.7 nu

0 0

6" -*1

1 zA4 A4

I z

5X1-31 RADIANS /DIVISION 5 X 103 ADIANS/ DIVISION

3. S-4. 2/,)f 3. 4- 4. 3 i

Iz

zzz z-

x-

P44

'-41-4

04~

5- x 03DVSON5X1-R DASDVSO

TARGrT 38

A IDATE: $ MAY 1979TIMEF: 9:310'FFNIPERAT1I)RE: 81 FI ~REL1ATIVE FII)LY 72,;VISIIITIY: 7 STATUTE MILESB3AROM ETRIC PRESSURE: 30 INCHES

TFARGETr AZ ANGLE: 78 0TARGEFT F! .EVATIION: 8.6f ~SUN TO) FARG FT ASIPEC ANGLE,: 380

AD-AOBI 052 CINCINNATI ELECTRONICS CORP OH F/B 17 S '

RADOOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS BY THE MIDAS III SYSTEM AT KE' WETT VECU)

SEP 79 A BEISER, C DIPPEL, V O'CONNELL N0530-79-C0031

UNCLASSIFIED CTR-79-0012 NL

Nnemmlnlolmolliliulaliuuuiuuu.lEEEEIhEE/mEEE

EmEEEEEEhEmumnum

TARG ET 38

3.2-4.7m 4.4-4 77 umD

-- 'o

z

- -4

- E-4

N PH

0 RAIN /DVIIO 5 -0-AIN/DVS

TARGEl' 38

3..8--.4.m

I -3

5 -~ AINDV' M 5X1-RDASDVSO

~~vA Ii A MY 1 6*9VIM),1: 9:43

V 1, I I'l I V I ~ : 82T TEN F S

Il M Ft 11%, I 'll V.' S 11 V: 30 NC HVVAI\I Vi V AV 7N SI V:l'1 M!

I 'A 14 ' V I! VAsi F: IN :S!I' I I i, Ft I'. AON PV2I8.M7 v

I TAHG ET 39

3.2-4.7"1 m 4. 4 -4. 7 7,wi! . ... .,.

z

- .. ,,D _#. ", , . .1',

4.-.,... " -,..--._ I_,

- ' " 1 *.. .. _

5 X 10= RI|ANS, IVISION 5 x 10- RADIANS D)IVISION

K1

TARGEl' 39

3.8-4. 2p&m 3.4-4.3p

5 -r

00*

x -x

ifi

3 izz

z -

raP4

5 X 103RADIANS/DIVISION 5 X 103RADIANS/DIVISION

J iAI:GE1- 40

1) TATE: 8 MA Y 197 9TIME: 10:05TEMNPE:RATURE: 82 0 FRELATIVE [ILIMII)ITY: 72%

VISIB3ILITIY: 7 STATUTE MILESBAROM ETIRIC jljiESSLIRE: 30 INCH ES

0*TIiGET AZ AN.GLE: 99TARGETr ELEVATION: 4. 0SUN TrO TAHGFET ASPECT ANGLE,: 49

IA

I TARG ET 40

3.2-4. 77MD 4.4-4. 77Aan

0- 0

II

WrEvll -- a

TAIRG ET 40

3.8-.4 ,u ni

.4-.3

m

1z

z z

evI -3 AINDVSO 1- tTASDVSO

"""aw

TA RIG. Fl 41

I ).\ rL': 8 MAY 1979TIM I': 10:30 0

1' '.I PF lN A IT R ': S2 F ,

L I V litL L\' I' I \I V Y: ~VI,'1lU INI:lY 7 STATIT'1'E MII.ESIL\IA lO lI III' PIN. ,l L.': 30 INC' ES

0SI'.W\FAI' I' A:\ \ ;I F': 85

Ir.LlAL' FI i'\r H N: 19.0

S U N 11 ) I'A \ ,; '' A S V l . .\ N G LI F : -1 )

I.

i

I"

I

I

I

Al

TARG ET 41

3. 2-4. 7 7,uhn 4.4-4.77Ami

IC

I. ~ -- L4

'-44

-3 - 35 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~3 x o-MN.DVSIN5xt SIN

- Islam

TARG ET 41

3 .8'-4.2AAm 3.4-i .3p- l

0 0=

4 -

10 RDAS-DVSO - RDASDVSO

I PAlE': 8 MAY 1979I TIMEF: 10:35'FNMPFRA'l'U RP: 82 FHFI ATIV F 1111M INIl: 69('1VlSIM1I iN Y: 7 STFATUTE MlILES1PA HUM F'VH IIEFPHSSU H .: :30 INCH ESI'AR6,FTl AZ! ANGlEF: 66

0'IAlxGFEl' FLFVAI'ION: 2.1SUN TO 'AI'AG T ASPECT ANGLE: 87COHIFL AT ED WITH IRSi' C LUTTER

-7I

TARG ET 42

3.2-4, 7 MDI 4.4-4- 77 4=

0-

- 0z -

-

I~ 4

t

I 10-3 RAINS/ivS

Iwn 13. -4.~i 424 4 1,~

Iz

S-2

I o A IN IIIN5X1 AIA' VSO

I A 1:1 T I 43

D ATE': 8 M\AY 1979)j UINIF: 10:50

'I'M IPHAIU P:82 F

V ISI NIAIThY: 7 ST'ATUTE 'i MILES

I i'Al~ ',F FLI.1V \ION: 2.6('ORRIlAT1ED WVITH' llt' ('lAI'U'EI(

WIDE A'Z1II'1I SCAN

4b'TAiBGrr 433. 2-4. 77A."m

0

00

4:Z

hoil

I fP4

5 x 10 HADlIANS 1 i)IVISIQN 5 X 10 RAD)IANS DI1VISION

I TARGET 43

AZIMUTH SCAN 66 0 AZIMUTH SCAN 6860

12

IU

0 o0

I 'P4

IzI z

Iw

3-5 O1 RA IANIVISION 5x 10- RAIANS DlIVISION

I TARGCET 43

IAZIMUTH SCAN 70 0AZMTSCN7

0 i45 z

Iz

F4

T.43 0-4lllillIIIIIIIIIIII~iillm

W,14

I U0 AOND1 p(NXl

I TARG ET 433. 2-4. 77,m

AZIMUTH SCAN 74 0 AZIMUTH SCAN 760

z

77

5I 10- RDA S/DVSO5 03RDA ,,IIIN

I TA~iGET 43

3U24 7AAZIMUTH SCAN 78 0 AZIMUTH SCAN 80 0

* 0l

zIz

P4

I 'P4

pP4

-3 -3510 RADIANS/DIVIS!ON 5 X 10- RAI)IANS1;1 VISION

II ~ ~ I -I ~'

I1

I \ 13 3~'\\ SJ' 1'

I I P

I 1' ~I \ \ ~\*I

~A\ AI~i)-~S fl')I~1ji'N

1

p

A

II TARGET 45

1 3.2-4.77,4_ .4-4 .77,mu

Iz

z --- \ - z - ' .. ...-

x -

o --

-3 -35 X 103 RADIANS. DIVISION 5 x 10 11ADIANS DIVISION

II

I TARG ET 45

I3.8-4.2Am3 ~-4. 3,Am

0 0

lzzIA

I IU,5 x 0 RDAS/IIIN5 0 )IASDVSO

IA P(; K 1' 4 6

I DATE: 8 MAY 19719TiNME: 13:32'r FNYiATURE: 83 FI REIATIV V HUMNIDIITY: 641%ViSIB11lITY: 7 STATUTE MILES

BARNOM ETRIC YIllYSS1 HF0 30 INCH ESII TARW'r AZ ANGI.F: 283TA1RG Er ELEVATiiON: 1.00

SUIN 'I0 TAHG FT ASPECT' AN(,i.F: 85

SCAN JUST ABOVE HORIZON

ITARG ET 46

3.2-4.77 ni 4.4 -4. 77,uni

zz

-0

U, - (-- -

- . --

-- , -

;, - -_ H _P4 -

0 -

- - "

- -

5 X 10 IM VIAN$ DIVISION 5 X 10 RADIANSq DIVI~lON

_ 4-- ..

TARIGET7 46

3 .8-4.~u 3.4-4. 3/~m

z

11

040

zz

z

-3

-3X10 RADIANS/DIVISION 5 X 103RDIO/IVSO

3 JDAT'E: 8 MAY 1979-T TM E: 13:34

TENIPEIRATt!I l: 84 0 F3 H H LA 'i'IVHUiMID)ITY: 63%VlI I I 'UY : 7 STI'Al'TE M\ 11, ES

PA OMI~;J' ICjiUiSSi I j. : 313TAHC ET AZ ANGM F 28 0'r'AHl*'' El .EVATION: -1.0~

SUN TO TARI-~l*l' A.'PFCT AN(;L~i:- S7

3 SCAN JUST BIETOW HIZON

Sli

TARGEl' 47

3.2-4. 7'7)Am 4.4-4. 77A.

z--

I Ll

P4-

~~-3

5 x 10- 3 DAS!DVIO

5 X 10 RADIANS /DIVISION

ii

-q.

j TARG El 47

3 . 8-4. 2uAm 3. 4-4. 31m~n

1 0

Iz -

-zE-4

0C

r4

z-

P4 P4 I l

5X1-31 RADIANS/DIVISION 5 X 1- RADIANS/DIVISION

'I I K I: 7 SAIiI MI1

3i 1/ N\ CI I

~IN 11) I'A I(;I I.-I \~uw :1

TARG El 48

3.2-4. 77 .T .4.MO

Az0

0

z - U

z

- 3U

5 X to RADIANS /Divi.SKON 5 X 103 RADIANS/DIVIStON

Jr- -- 3

OILTAIIG ET 48

3. 8-4. 2/u 3.4-4.3

0-

z

C I

0

1)4

5 X 1- RADIANS/DIVISION 5 X 10-3 RADIANS/'DIVISION

I'ARG, ET 49

I)ATE: 8 MAY 1979TIME: 20:18TFMP-'1ATI1R: 80°FR F, A'iI V E I I II 11) 1IN : 79',,i

VII111 ,ITY: :3 STATUTE MILES

IBAR Hi :1M I' IC .i ' E H F* 30 INCII IES

TA,, T;l' AZ AN(,I..: 123''AI6; 1.' ELE VATION: 14.4 °

II

I

IETA RG E' 49

3.2-4.77 4.4-4. 77Aam

I :I , - I

DATA NOTI AVAILABLE

P-4

_3 3

5 X 10RDAS/IISO 0 ADASDVSO

TARG ETI AS

3. 8-4. 2gunm 3.4-4. 3/~m

DATA NOT

AVAILABLE 0

042

A4~

z --

21

5 X 103 ]RAIANS/IVISIN 5 x10-3 AbM.ANDi.1O

* TARG ET 49

S. 0- 2. 0 .0-12. 0/Am0

--

z A

H91-

x

P4

R~ oAN

L

10 RDL4JS/DIISPO 5 - RDASDVS

I''AI: ;J : 51

i

4 DATE: 8 MAY 1979TIME: 20:31

1 TEMPERATURE: 800FRELATIVE HUMIDITY: 79%VISIBILITY: 3 STATUTE MILESBAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 30 INCHESTARGET AZ ANGLE: 680TARGET ELEVATION: 240

NO PHOTOGRAPH AVAILABLE

q.

L

LI

+== ...... ._ _ __1 ++5_ --,,., .. .+.... ,+ ...

TARGEi, 51

3.2-4. 772 4h~44 7 0

0 z

00

z0

9-4-

I -.

04P

-3

X 10 RDAS/DVSO 1-3RDAN/DVSO

Ar0

TARG ET 51

AA 3 . 4 - 4 .3/AI

0 -0

z z

P44

wA.-

zz

z '31

A14

5~~~~~~~ K 03R~ASDSO 103 RADIANS/DWISIGN

I

158.0-12,0 ,,m8.0-12.0 '

zz

l •--\ - Z -YY%

V-44

5- x l- -

Ir h e- 1 ._.- . .; -: .. .

5r. 10 - R.ADrANSr D|VIN|ON 5 X -- -+|' W\ N P IVII

I >, o iA IASD\Iq)

!TARG ET 51

I

8.0-12.0 r, 8.0-12.0 /Am

1A 0 0

II .Iz

44

1

[ 5 o- rDAsrvsO xo - o^, Wo

I56

D)ATE: 9 MAY 1979T IME1 : 10:37T'FiM PEHAITl HE: 84 0 FEFLA'IIVE I1'NIII)ITY: 6670

VISIBIIAl'Y: 7 STATUT'iE MILESBA HOIN 1-:11% IC Ill. V.S.St 1 30 INCH ESTAG 1W T A V A NGIE, : 95 0

TARGETHI EL EV AION: 8.30SUN TO T[AIHG T ASPKCT ANMA I. H: 1110

TAIRG ETF 56

3. 2-4. 7 ,Aum 4.4-4. 77,Ani

0-

z

-4

LN

5 1- RDIN/ IVSON5 0-3 ADI NS I \ SO

I TARGEl' 56

1 3.8-4. 2#44 3.4-4. 3/M

Iz -z

I 0

x x

z

PZ4

z z

1RADIANS/DIVISION 5x10 RADIANS/DIVISION

TA RG ;r 57

DATE: 10 MAY 1979TIME: 9:32 0TMI.'I% A'I'UIE: 84 FBE.I,ATrIV]p 11IIITIY: 55%

VISIBII, TY: 7 STATUTE MILESBAROMETIC PIISSIIRF: 30 INCHES

TAHGE'' A, ANGIFE: 1140

TARG ir' .LEVAIION: 11.40

SUN TO 'I'AH E' ASPECT AN;IL.: 1080

U

TARG ET 57

3.2-.77,~m 44-4. 77,L"

Y-C4

5x1-30 RADIANSDIVISION 5 x 10-3RADIAN.R DIVISION

I TARG ET S7

13.8-4.2# 3.4-4. 3pm

II

"44

5 X 03RDASDVIO 5 X 1- RA DIAtS/nlV ISION

I AD.AOfI 052 CINCINNATI ELCCTRONIC FIGP jN#1 71A ONA ET :IC oEASUREETSO BY TOE MIDAS III SYSTEM AI? UE:' wT. .TC

I EP 70 A .NSEN C QIPE ... 0. N.CONE1l. NaOI)S.C,.cS3

UNCLASSIFIED CTR.79-OOJ NL

3,I

SUPPLEMENTA

IN FRMATONmlIO

/

CORRECTIONS TO:

"RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS BY THE MIDAS III SYSTEM* AT KEY WEST. Volume I: Cloud Backgrounds"

CINCINNATI ELECTRONICS CORP. TECHNICAL REPORT CTR-79-0012

/' CONTRACT NO. N60530-79-C-0031

The attached revised pages should be used to replace the corresponding pages of the

original report. On the first page of the Target 2 data, the 3.2-4.77um traces and

the 4.4-4.77um traces were interchanged in the original report.

On the two pages of the Target 33 data, erroneous calibration factors were used.

The above errors have been corrected in copies of the report issued by CE Corp.

after January 27, 1981. Erroneous copies will lack the revision notice in the

upper left corner of the affected pages.

80 ) 08 0 10

*" V er- i

TARGET 2

Revised 1-14-81

3.2-4. 77,Mm 4.4-4. 77A2'm

z-- z

rj, -

CD -- 4

z -

r:4P4

4P4

43 P4 -3

5S. Xv 10 RAIN /DVSO- 0RDASDVS

; 7 1

TARG ET 33

Revised 1-27-81

3.2-4.77A 4.4-4. 77 um"

0 0

zz

L9LLUP4

IN " 1 3

Now

TARGJ&ET 33

Revised 1-27-81

3. 8-4. 2,u m 3.4-4. 3phm

z 1. :j T I

4 ii

zJ -

C4 -

M- .4 **:1I I

5X1-3 RAIN/IIIN5X1-3 RDASDVSO