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SECTION 3: FAMILIES OF THE PERIODIC TABLEChapter 19: Elements and their Properties
LEARNING GOALSIdentify and describe the properties of the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals.
Differentiate among the transition metals.
Identify and describe the properties of the halogens and the noble gases.
ALKALI METALSGroup 1 Metals
Does not include hydrogen.Shiny, malleable, and ductileSofter than other metalsGood conductors of heat and
electricityMost reactive of all of the
metals!Have 1 valence electron that
they give up easily
ALKALINE EARTH METALSGroup 2 Metals
Shiny, malleable, and ductile
Very reactive, but not as much as group 1
Have 2 valence electrons that are easily given up
TRANSITION METALSGroups 3-12 Metals
Shiny, malleable, and ductileOften form colorful compoundsThey often have a variable number of valence electronsIron (Fe) can have 2 or 3!
Includes the lanthanides and actinides
HALOGENSGroup 17 Nonmetals
Very reactiveHave 7 valence electrons
Halogens take an electron from metals to form an ionic compound called a salt.
Distinctive colorsFluorine (F) is the most
chemically reactive of all the elements.
THE NOBLE GASESGroup 18 Nonmetals
Exist as isolated atoms (not in compounds!)
Have 8 valence electrons so they are very stable
Produce distinctive glows when electricity is passed through these gases