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Black HolesBlack Holes

By: Alex Saladna

Where do Black Holes come from?

• Collapse of stars- caused when protons that carry momentum outward begin to no longer be produced. As a result the star caves under its own gravity.

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White Dwarf

Caused by the collapse of smaller stars and are essentially the burning remnants of the star’s core.

The star will eventually cool and the result will be a black dwarf.

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Neutron stars

Large stars can form neutron stars when they collapse.

These are extremely dense stars that actually turn protons and electrons into neutrons due to the immense gravity.

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• Caused when a star collapses and gravity is so great that a certain critical density is reached to the point where a black hole is formed.

• The black hole proceeds to eat its way out of the sun and releases gamma ray bursts from both ends.(This happens before the star even explodes)

Black Holes

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Black Hole Structure

Accretion disk- Super heated material swirling around the black hole

Event horizon- “The point of no return”

Quasi Periodic Oscillation- Used to determine size of a black hole and is caused by material moving along the inner edge of the accretion disk.

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Particle Jet

Jets are cause when energetic gas accrete in a black hole but the black hole is unable to absorb the energy. As a result some of it is shot out in the form of energetic particles.

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Gravitational LensingThe Castle on the

Mall

Light is bent around the object to the point where we can see the back of the castle

These rings of light that are formed are called Einstein Rings

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Schwarzschild Radius• Radius of a sphere such that

if the mass of an object were compressed to the size of this sphere it would take the speed of light to escape it.

• With blackholes the radius is actually smaller than the Schwarzschild Radius.

• Larger black holes have a larger density while smaller black holes have a high density and a small Schwarzschild radius

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Detecting black holes

• Black holes absorb light and pretty much everything that it encounters so how do we know they exist?

• The same way glass(which is invisible) distorts light so do black holes.

• We can detect black holes by observing such distortions in light

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Work Cited• "Black Holes." The Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and

Cosmology. Stanford, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.

• "Black Holes - NASA Science." Black Holes - NASA Science. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2014.

• "Exploring Black Holes with Chandra X-ray Observatory." Exploring Black Holes. Harvard, n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.

• "Frequently Asked Questions About Black Holes." Frequently Asked Questions About Black Holes. Virginia Tech, n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.

• "HubbleSite: Black Holes: Gravity's Relentless Pull Interactive: Encyclopedia." HubbleSite: Black Holes: Gravity's Relentless Pull Interactive: Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.

• Zhankui, Lu, and Mo H. J. "CLASSICAL BULGES, SUPERMASSIVE BLACKHOLES AND AGN FEEDBACK: EXTENSION TO LOW-MASS GALAXIES." Arvix. N.p., 17 July 2014. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.

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Work Cited Images• "Black Hole." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 29 Nov. 2014. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.

• "Black Holes - Viewing Gallery." Black Holes - Viewing Gallery. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.

• "Black Holes." The Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology. Stanford, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.

• "CASTLES Survey." Gravitational Lens Data Base. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.

• "Charged Black Holes: The Reissner-Nordström Geometry." Charged Black Holes: The Reissner-Nordström Geometry. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.

• Dumé, Belle. "X-rays Light up Gamma-ray Burst." Physicsworld.com. N.p., 28 Jan. 2004. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.

• Dunbar, Brian. NASA. NASA, 02 Aug. 2012. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.

• Dunbar, Brian. NASA. NASA, n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.

• "Life Cycle of a Star: White Dwarf." Prezi.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.

• "NICER Mission Set to Reveal the Secrets of Neutron Stars." SciTech Daily. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2014. 1

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QUESTIONS?

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Alex Saladna