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RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
CAUSES OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
• Political – involvement in WWI and a lack of confidence in the czar
• Economic – financial problems brought on by the war, food shortages, inflation
• Social – inequality of social classes, workers strikes
GROUPS INVOLVED
• Czar – used the military and bureaucracy to hold up his regime. He was an autocratic ruler out of touch with the people
• Duma – legislative body that wanted a government without the czar (they asked him to step down) so they implemented a provisional government
Cont.
• Bolsheviks – dedicated to a violent revolution. They wanted to destroy the capitalist system and implement socialism
• White Forces – anti-communists made up of groups loyal to the czar, anti-Leninist socialists, and Allies fighting the communist take over
IMPORTANT LEADERS AND THEIR INFLUENCE
• Czar Nicholas – a weak autocratic leader who used the military for control. Stumbled through a series of military and economic disasters. Allowed his wife (influenced by Rasputin) to make decisions while he was fighting the war
• Alexander Kerensky – head of the Duma. Decided to remain in the war which was a costly mistake.
Cont.
• V.I. Lenin – leader of the Bolsheviks. Led the political take over of Russia from the provisional government by the Red Forces
• Leon Trotsky – Commissioner of War for the Red Forces. Reinstated the draft and rigid discipline. Largely responsible for the success of the Red Forces
TIMELINE OF KEY EVENTS
• March 8, 1917 – women’s march in Petrograd• March 10, 1917 – strikes shut down all the factories in
Petrograd• March 12, 1917 – Duma established a provisional
government• November 6, 1917 – Bolsheviks seized the Winter
Palace causing the collapse of the government• March 3, 1918 – Lenin signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
ending Russia’s involvement in WWI• July 16, 1918 – Royal family murdered by the soviets• 1921 – Communists in total control of Russia
HOW MUCH DID RUSSIA CHANGE AFTER THE
REVOLUTION?• A LOT!
Russia was transformed into a communist state
The people of Russia were oppressed by the government.
Lenin executed thousands of people
Russia became hostile toward Allies and a threat to democracy