RussiaVIR SAHU.

JUSTIN SHAPIRO.NIBRAS KHAN. JAMES DUFFY.

HANNAH MAHTAT.

IVAN I (1288-1340)• He reigned from 1328-1341

• Aka: “Money Bags”• Russian Orthodox• Ivan I was put in charge of Norvogord at the age of eight by Prince Daniil.• He was a Russian prince and he served the Mongols by collecting the taxes.• The Mongols eventually gave him the title “Great Prince” because of his

excellent service.• Ivan and his successors gradually enlarged their kingdom by purchase, war,

trickery, and clever marriages. • Ivan eventually became prince of Moscow when his older brother, Yury, was

killed by his rival Dmitry in 1325.• His rival, Aleksandr of Tver, was crowned grand prince of Vladimir after

Dmitry died.• Ivan was able to move the residence of Saint Peter , which was the head of

the Russian Church, to Moscow from Vladimir.• Moscow became spiritual capital of Rus, which annoyed other princes.• In 1327, Ivan’s rival Aleksandr took part in an uprising during one of the Great

Khans ambassadors and his suite were killed. • The Khan became furiuos and summoned Ivan to the Golden Horde, where he

got title of grand prince of Vladimir• 1328, The Khan rewarded Ivan with the title of being the new prince of

Novgorod after his great military campaigns.• He built the Moscow Kremlin, which was a wooden fortification including

oak walls.

LEGACY FOR IVAN I

Got nickname “moneybags” from gathering great wealth and he used the wealth to expand and for the development of his principality

Some believe for giving money to beggars.The whole North-Eastern Rus turned into a peaceful

areaSafety of the Moscow Principality created trade,

agriculture, crafts, and enabled more people to come live there.

Thanks to his eff orts the Principality became the centre of consolidation of the Rus lands

Earned good reputation among locals for catching robbers and thieves.

He had 43 years of reign Aka. Ivan the Great Russian Orthodox 1472- married niece of last Byzantine Emperor and from then on,

called himself Czar- Russian for Caesar Refused to pay tribute to Mongols when Moscow freed itself from the

Mongol Yoke in 1480. Increased his authority either by conquest, purchases of surrounding

sovereign territories, or by using diplomatic talent in exacting allegiance from weaker princes.

He tripled territory of his state and became the “gatherer” of Russian land.

He tried to make Moscow a fi tting capitol for his empire and in the center of the city there was the Kremlin- a walled citadel or fortress.

He also laid an administrative foundations of a centralized Russian State.

Invaded Norgorod, forced it to accept his sovereignty, and stripped it of the last vestiges of political citizens with reliable elements from his own domains.

1489- Norvogord no longer off ered resistance to Ivan. The decline of the empire happened in 1505 which was the year of

Ivan’s death. His successor however, was Vasil iy III.

IVAN III (1440-1505)

Made Moscow the center of Russian power which earned him the title of the “Great”

1497- created code of law known as Sudebnik- the law he created

First time laws in Moscow were written down in one place

Created Kremlin He gained independence from Mongols from his

state.He was both the fi rst Czar and the fi rst leader of a

united Russian nation.Established Moscow as a great power to be reckoned

with and set in motion to re-conquest of the Ukraine from Poland and Lithuania.

LEGACY FOR IVAN III

Reigned from 1547-1584 Aka. Ivan the Terr ib le Russian Orthodox Became czar of Muscovy in 1547, trade routes opened up as expansion grew. Boyars wanted more power, so they mistreated Ivan and threatened him. He developed a hatred for boyars and as a teenager he began k i l l ing people who

went against h is wishes. He also gave advisers g i fts of land and jobs as offi cials . Ivan took fi rst step in turning free peasants into serfs when he ordered them not

leave their land, to make sure that offi cials ’ country estates were farmed whi le the offi cials themselves were in Moscow with h im.

In 1553, he suff ered a near death i l lness, and several years later h is wife (Anastas ia) d ied.

1564 he left Moscow, which led the people demanding for h is return, which he did return but demanded to ru le al l of Moscow and to punish anyone who was d is loyal .

Next year, the Oprichnina , or separate estate, was set up Members of the Oprichnina were cal led Oprichniki. In 1570 the most severe massacre was campaigned by the Oprichnik i I t was on the wealthy c i ty of Novgorod. Ivan led the troops, and the c ity was savaged. By the end of h is l i fe he was unpredictable and bad tempered. Decl ine of h is empire was on March 18, 1584, when he d ied and h is unfi t and

chi ld less son took the throne. His son was named Feodor.

IVAN IV (1530-1584)

LEGACY FOR IVAN IV

He created the Tsar library.Had a mind for literacy- had over 800 manuscripts of

Greek and Latin.Created fi rst printing press in Russia.He was a skilled manipulator, and a ruthless monarch.His nickname was a controversial legacy.The english word “terrible” is used to translate the

Russina word Gronzy.Gronzy’s meaning is closely to inspiring fear or terror.Some believe his intended nickname was supposed to be

Ivan the Fearsome.He was well educated for his time.Ever since his illness and death of his wife he was

angered.

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