1. The rural share of deprivation in NorfolkFinal reportApril
2010
2. AcknowledgementsAcknowledgementsFor their valuable help with
the project, ACRE would like to thank the membersof the steering
group;Jon Clemo (Norfolk RCC)Richard Quallington (Community
First)Roger Roberts (Action with Communities in Cumbria)Jean
Roberts-Jones (Surrey Community Action)Linda Watson (Oxford
RCC)Stephen Wright (South West ACRE Network)ACRE would also like to
thank DEFRA for their support and provision ofOrdnance Survey data
and licensing, OS license number 100022861. Oxford Consultants for
Social Inclusion (OCSI) 15-17 Middle St, Brighton, BN1 1AL Tel: +44
1273 201 345 Email: [email protected] Web: www.ocsi.co.uk The rural
share of deprivation in Norfolk 2
3. IntroductionWhy have we produced this rural share profile
for Norfolk? In addition, the majority of deprived people do not
live in highly deprivedIncreasingly, we need good data to target
resources to the right areas, support areas, and programmes
targeted at these areas will not reachfunding applications, and
help local communities with the evidence-base to substantial
numbers of deprived peopledevelop community and parish plans. For
example, across England only 23% of the 4,340,000 working-age
peopleThe rural share data presented in this report shows, for a
series of key receiving DWP benefits live in the most deprived 10%
of areas. In other words,groups, the proportion of the group that
lives in rural Norfolk. the large majority of deprived people on
this measure 77% of working-age people receiving benefits live
outside the most deprived areas.ACRE commissioned Oxford
Consultants for Social Inclusion (OCSI) to identifythe rural share
of deprivation for each of the Local Authorities and This is even
more so the case in rural areas. Of the 520,000
working-ageparliamentary constituencies in England. people living
in rural England (12% of all such claimants across England) who are
receiving DWP benefits, 79% live outside the most deprived 10% of
ruralRural areas are substantially more deprived based on the
location of areas.deprived people than based on the location of
deprived areas What does this report contain?Analysis of the Index
of Multiple Deprivation 2007 identifies only 50 of the This profile
report provides detailed datasets developed and collected by
OCSI3,248 most-deprived 10% of areas across England as being rural,
and only for Norfolk, identifying the rural share of deprivation
based on a number of key143 of the 6,496 most deprived 20% of areas
in other words only 2.2% of the indicators. The rural share
analysis in this report shows, for a series of keymost deprived 20%
of areas in England are rural. However, the proportion of groups,
the proportion of the group that lives in rural Norfolk.deprived
people living in rural areas is substantially larger than this.
Forexample, 17% of the 5,310,000 households living on less than 60%
of median The sections in this report cover the rural share under
the following themes.income across England are in rural areas (for
context, 19% of Englandspopulation live in rural areas).
Population: Deprivation and low income:So the rural share of
deprivation in terms of people, is substantially larger
Worklessness and Employmentthan might be expected from analysis of
the most deprived small areas. In Qualificationsother words, rural
areas are more deprived based on calculations using the
Healthlocation of deprived people, than when based on calculations
using the Access to serviceslocation of deprived areas. Housing
Methodology and Indicator definitions (Appendix A). Definitions of
rural (Appendix B). The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk
3
4. Summary - The rural share in NorfolkRural Norfolk is more
deprived based on the location of deprived Employmentpeople, than
on the location of deprived areas 29,405 people in rural areas are
employed in senior occupations, 59.4%The Index of Multiple
Deprivation 2007 provides a detailed measure of of all such
occupations across Norfolk.deprivation at area level. There are no
rural areas ranked among the most By comparison, 25,860 people are
employed in elementary occupations,deprived 20% of areas across
England on the Index of Multiple deprivation 50.7% of all such
occupations across Norfolk.2007Although no single indicator
encapsulates the different dimensions of Skillsdeprivation and
exclusion for people in rural areas, the Working Age ClientGroup
benefits dataset from DWP provides a general measure for those of
99,705 adults in rural areas have no qualifications, 53.5% of the
totalworking age, covering low income, employment and health
issues. number of adults with no qualifications across
Norfolk.30,185 people of working-age in rural areas are receiving
some form of DWP By comparison, 45,985 adults in rural areas have
degree levelbenefit this is 42.3% of the total claimants across
Norfolk. qualifications, 54.4% of the total number of adults with
degree level qualifications across Norfolk.Population 452,270
people live in rural areas, 53.2% of the total across Norfolk.
Health 38,155 people in rural areas report themselves as having a
limiting long-Deprivation and low income term illness. This
represents 50.8% of all people with a limiting long-term 47,360
people in rural areas are income deprived this is 42.7% of the
illness across Norfolk. total across Norfolk. Access to
servicesWorklessness 26,065 rural households have no car or van,
36.6% of the total across The number of people receiving
out-of-work benefits (JSA and IB) in Norfolk. rural areas is
19,125, 41.7% of the total across Norfolk. Of these, 6,205 receive
Jobseekers Allowance and 12,920 receive Incapacity Benefit. Housing
11,290 rural households lack central heating, 47.0% of all such
households across Norfolk. The rural share of deprivation in
Norfolk 4
5. Map of NorfolkMap of Norfolk The rural share of deprivation
in Norfolk 5
6. Population: The rural share in NorfolkThe table and chart
show the proportion of the population in Norfolk living inrural
areas for key age, gender and household composition groups. This
Proportion of people living in rural Norfolk by age, gender and
household compositionshows: % 70.0 452,270 people live in rural
areas, 53.2% of the total across Norfolk. 60.0 Of the total
population, 74,855 children live in rural areas (52.3%). By 50.0
comparison, 124,775 people of pensionable age (59.8%) live in rural
40.0 areas 30.0 Groups particularly vulnerable to exclusion include
the 6,820 lone parent 20.0 households, and 28,795 pensioners living
alone. 10.0 0.0The proportion of people in age gender and household
composition groups that live inrural areas in Norfolk (rural share)
Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural N % share N
% share N % shareAll People 452,270 53.2 1,756,635 30.7 9,803,535
19.1Males 222,160 53.2 869,420 30.8 4,838,180 19.1Females 230,110
53.1 887,215 30.5 4,965,355 19.0Aged 0-15 74,855 52.3 319,405 29.4
1,756,415 18.2 The horizontal line shows the proportion of all
people in Norfolk who live in rural areasWorking age 252,640 50.6
1,028,955 29.5 5,739,815 18.0Pensionable 124,775 59.8 408,270 35.3
2,307,305 23.5ageLone-pensioner 28,795 53.0 94,070 29.8 541,835
18.4householdsLone parent 6,820 40.9 25,560 21.6 155,265
11.8households Source: ONS Mid Year Estimates 2008, Census 2001.
Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an
indicator) that live in rural areas. The rural share of deprivation
in Norfolk 6
7. Population: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural
areas?The table and chart below compare key population indicators
across Norfolk 16.6% of the population in rural areas in Norfolk
are aged under 16, aand national and regional comparison areas.
lower proportion than across rural areas in England as a whole
(17.9%). By comparison, 27.6% of the population in rural areas in
Norfolk are ofThe proportion of people in rural Norfolk by age,
gender and household composition pensionable age, a higher
proportion than across rural areas in England Norfolk - Rural East
of England - Rural England - Rural as a whole (23.5%). N % N % N %
Rural Norfolk has a higher proportion of lone parent households
(14.7%All People 452,270 1,756,635 9,803,535 of households with
dependent children) than across rural England as aMales 222,160
49.1 869,420 49.5 4,838,180 49.4 whole (14.3%.)Females 230,110 50.9
887,215 50.5 4,965,355 50.7Aged 0-15 74,855 16.6 319,405 18.2
1,756,415 17.9 Proportion of lone parents and lone pensioners in
rural areas in Norfolk andWorking age 252,640 55.9 1,028,955 58.6
5,739,815 58.6 comparatorsPensionable 124,775 27.6 408,270 23.2
2,307,305 23.5 60% Lone-pensionerage householdLone-pensioner 28,795
51.8 94,070 53.0 541,835 54.0 50%households Lone parentLone parent
6,820 14.7 25,560 13.3 155,265 14.3 40% householdhouseholds Source:
ONS Mid Year Estimates 2008, Census 2001 30% 20% 10% 0% Norfolk -
Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural The rural share of
deprivation in Norfolk 7
8. Deprivation and low income: The rural share in NorfolkPeople
living on a low income are among the most deprived groups in
society. 30,185 people of working-age in rural areas are receiving
some form ofA person or household living on a low income may be out
of work, or in work DWP benefit this is 42.3% of the total
claimants across Norfolk.but on low pay. Across rural areas in
Norfolk, 9,995 children live in income deprived households (37.6%
of all children in income deprived households acrossThe table and
chart below show the proportion of people experiencing
Norfolk).deprivation and low income in Norfolk that live in rural
areas. 22,670 older people in rural areas receive the Pension
Credit Guarantee Element (corresponding to 51.9% of all Pension
Credit claimants acrossThe proportion of people experiencing
deprivation or low income that live in rural areas Norfolk).in
Norfolk (rural share) Norfolk - Rural East of England - England -
Rural Proportion of people experiencing deprivation who are living
in rural areas in Norfolk Rural % 60.0 N % share N % share N %
shareAll People 452,270 53.2 1,756,635 30.7 9,803,535 19.1
50.0Working-age client group 30,185 42.3 99,235 22.6 592,525 12.0
40.0Income Support (IS) 7,850 36.4 25,235 18.4 147,590 9.0
30.0claimantsPeople who are "income 47,360 42.7 147,520 22.2
859,850 10.9 20.0deprived" 10.0Children living in income 9,995 37.6
33,930 18.7 195,930 9.0deprived households 0.0Pension Credit
claimants 22,670 51.9 66,840 29.4 372,675 16.3 All People
Working-age Income People who Children living PensionSource: DWP
2009, CLG 2007. Share refers to the proportion of the total
population (on an indicator) that live in client group Support (IS)
are "income in income Credit rural areas. claimants deprived"
deprived claimants households The horizontal line shows the
proportion of all people in Norfolk who live in rural areas The
rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 8
9. Deprivation and low income: How does rural Norfolk compare
with other rural areas?The table and chart below show the
proportion of people experiencing 12.0% of the population living in
rural areas in Norfolk are receivingdeprivation in rural areas in
Norfolk and national and regional comparator some form of DWP
benefit, higher than for rural areas in England as aareas. whole
(10.3%). Across rural Norfolk 13.2% of all children live in income
deprivedThe proportion of people across rural Norfolk experiencing
deprivation or low income households, higher than the proportion
across rural England as a whole Norfolk - Rural East of England -
Rural England - Rural (11.0%). N % N % N % 18.2% of older people in
rural Norfolk receive Pension Credit GuaranteeAll People 452,270
1,756,635 9,803,535 Element, higher than the proportion across
rural England as a wholeWorking-age client 30,185 12.0 99,235 9.6
592,525 10.3 (16.2%).groupIncome Support 7,850 3.1 25,235 2.5
147,590 2.6 Proportion of people experiencing deprivation in rural
areas in Norfolk and comparators(IS) claimants 20%People who are
47,360 10.7 147,520 8.6 859,850 9.0 18% Working age"income
deprived" 16%Children living in 9,995 13.2 33,930 10.6 195,930 11.0
Children 14%income deprived Pensioners 12%households 10%Pension
Credit 22,670 18.2 66,840 16.4 372,675 16.2claimants 8% Source: DWP
2009, CLG 2007 6% 4% 2% 0% Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural
England - Rural The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 9
10. Worklessness: The rural share in NorfolkThe most recent
indicators of worklessness (people out of work who are The number
of people receiving out-of-work benefits (JSA and IB) inunemployed,
or who are unable to work due to sickness) are from Jobseekers
rural areas is 19,125, 41.7% of the total across Norfolk. Of these,
6,205Allowance (JSA) and Incapacity Benefit (IB) data. receive
Jobseekers Allowance and 12,920 receive Incapacity Benefit. In
addition, 10,465 children are living in households where no
membersThe table and chart show the proportion of the population
experiencing of the household are in work (36.7% of all such
children in Norfolk).worklessness in Norfolk that live in rural
areas. Proportion of people by key workless indicator living in
rural NorfolkThe proportion of people by key workless measures that
live in rural areas in Norfolk % 60.0(rural share) Norfolk - Rural
East of England - England - Rural 50.0 Rural 40.0 N % share N %
share N % sharePeople of working age 252,640 50.6 1,028,955 29.5
5,739,815 18.0 30.0ID 2007 Employment 18,940 42.7 57,140 23.3
365,980 12.2 20.0domain scoreJobseekers Allowance 6,205 37.0 22,735
19.9 129,570 10.1 10.0(JSA) claimants 0.0Incapacity Benefit 12,920
44.4 38,030 24.0 238,845 12.8 People of ID 2007 Jobseekers
Incapacity Receiving Children inclaimants working age Employment
Allowance Benefit workless out of workReceiving workless 19,125
41.7 60,765 22.3 368,415 11.7 domain score (JSA) claimants benefits
householdsbenefits claimantsChildren in out of work 10,465 36.7
37,285 18.7 209,525 9.1households Source: CLG, 2007, DWP 2009, HMRC
2006. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an
The horizontal line shows the proportion of working age people in
Norfolk who live in rural areas indicator) that live in rural
areas. The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 10
11. Worklessness: How does rural Norfolk compare with other
rural areas?The table and chart below show the proportion of people
by key workless Across rural Norfolk, 6,205 people were receiving
JSA (2.5% of allindicator in rural areas in Norfolk and national
and regional comparator areas. working-age people), and 12,920
receiving IB (5.1% of all working-age people).The proportion of
people workless across rural Norfolk 12.6% of children in Norfolk
are living in households where all adults are Norfolk - Rural East
of England - England - Rural out of work, higher than across rural
areas in England as a whole Rural (10.7%). N % N % N %People of
working age 252,640 1,028,955 5,739,815 Proportion of Jobseekers
Allowance and Incapacity Benefit claimants in rural NorfolkID 2007
Employment domain 18,940 7.9 57,140 5.9 365,980 6.7 and
comparatorsscore 14% JobseekersJobseekers Allowance (JSA) 6,205 2.5
22,735 2.2 129,570 2.3 Allowance 12%claimants IncapacityIncapacity
Benefit claimants 12,920 5.1 38,030 3.7 238,845 4.2 10%
BenefitReceiving workless benefits 19,125 7.6 60,765 5.9 368,415
6.4 8% Children in outChildren in out of work 10,465 12.6 37,285
10.7 209,525 10.7 of workhouseholds 6% households Source: CLG,
2007, DWP 2009, HMRC 2006 4% 2% 0% Norfolk - Rural East of England
- Rural England - Rural The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk
11
12. Employment: The rural share in NorfolkAcross rural Norfolk:
36,045 people are self-employed, 66.3% of all self-employed people
Proportion of people living in rural Norfolk by economic activity
and occupation group across Norfolk. % 70.0 29,405 people in rural
areas are employed in senior occupations, 59.4% 60.0 of all such
occupations across Norfolk. 50.0 By comparison, 25,860 people are
employed in elementary occupations, 40.0 50.7% of all such
occupations across Norfolk. 30.0 20.0The proportion of people by
economic activity and occupation that live in rural areas in
10.0Norfolk (rural share) 0.0 Norfolk - Rural East of England -
England - Rural Rural N % share N % share N % shareAll People aged
16-74 308,945 53.7 1,194,495 30.8 6,749,640 19.0Economically Active
201,490 53.4 824,015 30.6 4,594,235 19.3Economically Inactive
107,455 54.3 370,480 31.0 2,155,405 18.3Self-employed 36,045 66.3
144,100 40.1 841,930 28.5Part-time workers 40,185 52.9 151,520 31.3
850,640 20.3 The horizontal line shows the proportion of people
aged 16-74 in Norfolk who live in rural areasManagers and senior
29,405 59.4 144,110 34.4 796,445 23.3officialsProfessional
occupations 16,710 53.6 87,950 31.5 517,915 20.6Elementary
occupations 25,860 50.7 86,560 29.2 481,550 18.2 Source: Census
2001. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an
indicator) that live in rural areas. The rural share of deprivation
in Norfolk 12
13. Employment: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural
areas?The table and chart show the proportion of people by economic
activity and A lower proportion of people in rural areas in Norfolk
are economicallyoccupation group in rural areas in Norfolk and
national and regional active (65.2%) compared with rural areas
across England as a wholecomparator areas. (68.1%). Self employment
levels in rural Norfolk (11.7%) are lower than selfThe proportion
of people across rural Norfolk by economic activity and occupation
employment levels across rural England (12.5%). Norfolk - Rural
East of England - England - Rural 15.2% of people in rural areas
are employed in managerial occupations, Rural compared with 18.0%
across rural England. N % N % N % By comparison, 13.3% of people
are employed in elementaryAll People aged 16-74 308,945 1,194,495
6,749,640 occupations, compared with 10.9% of people across rural
England.Economically Active 201,490 65.2 824,015 69.0 4,594,235
68.1Economically Inactive 107,455 34.8 370,480 31.0 2,155,405 31.9
Proportion of people by economic activity and occupation group in
rural Norfolk andSelf-employed 36,045 11.7 144,100 12.1 841,930
12.5 comparator areasPart-time workers 40,185 13.0 151,520 12.7
850,640 12.6 40% EconomicallyManagers and senior officials 29,405
15.2 144,110 18.1 796,445 18.0 Inactive 35%Professional occupations
16,710 8.6 87,950 11.0 517,915 11.7 Self-employedElementary
occupations 25,860 13.3 86,560 10.9 481,550 10.9 30% Elementary
Source: Census 2001 25% occupations 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Norfolk -
Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural The rural share of
deprivation in Norfolk 13
14. Skills: The rural share in NorfolkSkill levels in the local
population are an important economic indicator. Those Across rural
Norfolk:with low or no skills are more likely to experience
exclusion, and be vulnerable 99,705 adults in rural areas have no
qualifications, 53.5% of the totalto changes in the economy (such
as increased demand for higher-skilled number of adults with no
qualifications across Norfolk.workers). By comparison, 45,985
adults in rural areas have degree level qualifications, 54.4% of
the total number of adults with degree levelThe proportion of
people by qualification level that live in rural areas in Norfolk
(rural qualifications across Norfolk.share) Norfolk - Rural East of
England - England - Rural Proportion of people by qualification
level that live in rural areas in Norfolk Rural % 60.0 N % share N
% share N % share 50.0People aged 16 - 308,880 53.7 1,194,415 30.8
6,749,750 19.074 40.0No qualifications 99,705 53.5 326,555 30.1
1,784,215 17.4 30.0Highest 54,845 52.8 207,005 29.3 1,120,945
19.0qualification 20.0attained level 1 10.0Highest 61,585 54.9
248,890 31.2 1,412,050 20.5qualification 0.0attained level 2 People
aged No Highest Highest Highest HighestHighest 20,580 48.6 91,115
29.5 514,110 17.4 16 - 74 qualifications qualification
qualification qualification qualificationqualification attained
level attained level attained level attained levelattained level 3
1 2 3 4/5Highest 45,985 54.4 229,655 32.6 1,414,660
20.0qualification The horizontal line shows the proportion of
people aged 16-74 in Norfolk who live in rural areasattained level
4/5 Source: Census 2001. Share refers to the proportion of the
total population (on an indicator) that live in rural areas. The
rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 14
15. Skills: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural
areas?The table and chart below show the proportion of people by
qualification level 32.3% of adults in rural areas in Norfolk have
no qualifications, higherin rural areas in Norfolk and national and
regional comparator areas. than across rural areas in England as a
whole (26.4%). By comparison,14.9% of adults in rural areas have
degree levelThe proportion of people by qualification level across
rural Norfolk qualifications, lower than across rural England
(21.0%). Norfolk - Rural East of England - England - Rural Rural
Proportion of people with no qualifications and degree level
qualifications in rural N % N % N % Norfolk and comparatorsPeople
aged 16 - 74 308,880 1,194,415 6,749,750 35% No qualificationsNo
qualifications 99,705 32.3 326,555 27.3 1,784,215 26.4 30%Highest
qualification attained 54,845 17.8 207,005 17.3 1,120,945 16.6
Highestlevel 1 25% qualificationHighest qualification attained
61,585 19.9 248,890 20.8 1,412,050 20.9 attained level 4/5 20%level
2Highest qualification attained 20,580 6.7 91,115 7.6 514,110 7.6
15%level 3 10%Highest qualification attained 45,985 14.9 229,655
19.2 1,414,660 21.0 5%level 4/5 Source: Census 2001 0% Norfolk -
Rural East of England - Rural England - Rural The rural share of
deprivation in Norfolk 15
16. Health: The rural share in NorfolkHealth is a fundamental
determinant of quality of life, having a direct impact on Across
rural Norfolk:an individuals ability to live a fulfilling and
enjoyable life and also indirectly 38,155 people in rural areas
report themselves as having a limiting long-impacting on their
ability to sustain standards of living through income. Ill term
illness. This represents 50.8% of all people with a limiting
long-termhealth may also have a severe effect on other people,
either directly through illness across Norfolk.changing
relationships (for example forcing people into informal unpaid
care), Of these, 13,945 working age adults classify themselves as
permanentlyor through indirect effects such as change in household
income. sick and/or disabled. DWP health benefit data shows that
19,080 people in rural areasThe proportion of people by key health
condition that live in rural areas in Norfolk (rural receive
Disability Living Allowance (48.0% of all such claimants
acrossshare) Norfolk). Norfolk - Rural East of England - England -
Rural 16,150 older people in rural areas receive Attendance
Allowance (56.3% Rural of claimants in Norfolk). N % share N %
share N % shareAll people 452,270 53.2 1,756,635 30.7 9,803,535
19.1 Proportion of people by key health issue that live in rural
areas in NorfolkPeople with a limiting long- 38,155 50.8 127,720
28.9 771,295 16.4 % 60.0term Illness (aged 0-64)Working age adults
who 13,945 48.9 40,675 26.8 272,355 14.4 50.0are permanently sick
or 40.0disabledAttendance Allowance 16,150 56.3 51,190 31.3 297,620
20.1 30.0claimants 20.0Disability Living Allowance 19,080 48.0
59,580 26.7 375,465 14.8claimants 10.0 Source: DWP 2009, Census
2001. Share refers to the proportion of the total population (on an
indicator) that 0.0 live in rural areas. All people People with a
Working age Attendance Disability Living limiting long-term adults
who are Allowance Allowance Illness (aged 0- permanently sick
claimants claimants 64) or disabled The horizontal line shows the
proportion of all people in Norfolk who live in rural areas The
rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 16
17. Health: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural
areas?The table and chart below show the proportion of people in
poor health in rural 11.4% of adults in rural areas in Norfolk have
a limiting long-term illness.areas in Norfolk and national and
regional comparator areas. This is higher than across rural areas
in England as a whole (10.1%). Rural Norfolk has a higher
proportion of people receiving DisabilityThe proportion of people
with key health conditions across rural Norfolk Living Allowance
(4.2%) than across rural areas in England (3.8%). Norfolk - Rural
East of England - England - Rural Rural Proportion of people with
poor health conditions in rural Norfolk and comparators N % N % N %
14% People with a limitingAll people 452,270 1,756,635 9,803,535
12% long-term IllnessPeople with a limiting 38,155 11.4 127,720 9.4
771,295 10.1 (aged 0-64) 10%long-term Illness (aged Attendance 8%
Allowance claimants0-64)Working age adults who 13,945 4.5 40,675
3.4 272,355 4.0 6% Disability Livingare permanently sick or 4%
Allowance claimantsdisabled 2%Attendance Allowance 16,150 12.9
51,190 12.5 297,620 12.9 0%claimants Norfolk - Rural East of
England - Rural England - RuralDisability Living 19,080 4.2 59,580
3.4 375,465 3.8Allowance claimants Source: DWP 2009, Census 2001
The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 17
18. Access to services: The rural share in NorfolkAccess to
services is a major factor in quality of life for people in rural
Across rural Norfolk:communities, where lack of transport can be a
primary cause of social 26,065 rural households have no car or van,
36.6% of the total acrossexclusion. People are at risk from social
exclusion where necessary services Norfolk.such as hospitals,
education, employment and training centres, or food stores, 114,805
households are more than 10km from principal job centres.are not
easily accessible. This is especially likely to present
difficulties for Of the 12,650 people in Norfolk travelling more
than 10km to work,people without cars or who are unable to drive,
whose mobility is limited, and 7,245 (57.3% of the total) live in
rural areas. By comparison, there arein areas where public
transportation is poor. 24,940 people working from home in rural
areas (66.7% of the total)..The proportion of people living in
rural areas in Norfolk (rural share) - distance to work Proportion
of people living in rural areas in Norfolk - distance to work and
amenitiesand amenities indicators indicators Norfolk - Rural East
of England - England - Rural Rural % 120.0 N % share N % share N %
share 100.0People aged 16-74 193,810 54.0 797,380 30.9 4,433,315
19.8 80.0Households with no car 26,065 36.6 86,325 19.5 537,450
9.8or van 60.0Working at home 24,940 66.7 99,600 40.9 605,920 29.5
40.0Travelling more than 7,245 57.3 36,870 40.5 171,520 28.210 km
to work 20.0Households 6+km from 4,850 100.0 7,160 100.0 67,805
98.2 0.0principal GP site People Households Working at Travelling
Households Households HouseholdsHouseholds 10+km 114,805 96.1
382,975 80.3 2,129,770 76.6 aged 16-74 with no car home more than
6+km from 10+km from 6+km fromfrom a Job Centre or van 10 km to
principal GP a Job SecondaryHouseholds 6+km from 20,500 100.0
50,950 95.0 303,955 94.7 work site Centre SchoolSecondary
SchoolSource: CRC 2009, Census 2001. Share refers to the proportion
of the total population (on an indicator) that live in rural areas.
The horizontal line shows the proportion of people aged 16-74 in
Norfolk who live in rural areas The rural share of deprivation in
Norfolk 18
19. Access to services: How does rural Norfolk compare with
other rural areas?The table and chart show key travel to work and
amenities indicators for rural 14.4% of households in rural areas
in Norfolk have no access to a car orNorfolk and comparator areas.
van. This is higher than across rural areas in England as a whole
(14.1%).The proportion of people by distance to work and amenities
across rural Norfolk 56.0% of households are more than 10km from
principal job centres. Norfolk - Rural East of England - England -
Rural This is higher than across England (50.4%). Rural N % N % N %
Rural Norfolk and comparators - distance to work and amenities
indicatorsPeople aged 16-74 193,810 797,380 4,433,315 90%
Households with no car orHouseholds with no car 26,065 14.4 86,325
12.8 537,450 14.1 van 80%or van People working at home 70%People
working at 24,940 12.9 99,600 12.5 605,920 13.7 60% Households
10+km fromhome 50% a Job CentrePeople travelling more 7,245 3.7
36,870 4.6 171,520 3.9 40%than 10 km to work 30%Households 6+km
from 4,850 2.4 7,160 1.0 67,805 1.6 20%principal GP site
10%Households 10+km 114,805 56.0 382,975 51.1 2,129,770 50.4from
principal Job 0%Centre Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural
England - RuralHouseholds 6+km from 20,500 10.0 50,950 6.8 303,955
7.2Secondary School Source: CRC 2009, Census 2001 The rural share
of deprivation in Norfolk 19
20. Housing: The rural share in NorfolkNationally, rural
housing is more likely to be in non-decent condition than Across
rural Norfolk:housing in urban areas. Across England, the
percentage of households living 11,290 rural households lack
central heating, 47.0% of all suchin non-decent homes1 is 34% in
rural areas, compared with 28% in urban households across
Norfolk.areas2. 4,380 households are overcrowded, 35.8% of all such
householdsHowever, there is no published data on the number of
non-decent homes in across Norfolk.rural Norfolk. Data on those
households lacking central heating and There are 20,615 households
living in social rented accommodation inovercrowded households can
give an indication of where housing conditions rural areas, 35.4%
of all such stock across Norfolk.may play a role in exclusion.
Proportion of people living in rural areas in Norfolk - housing
indicatorsThe proportion of people living in rural areas in Norfolk
(rural share) - key housingindicators % 60.0 Norfolk - Rural East
of England - England - Rural 50.0 Rural 40.0 N % share N % share N
% shareAll households 181,455 52.9 673,750 30.2 3,807,445 18.6
30.0Overcrowded households 4,380 35.8 19,340 16.8 111,325 7.6
20.0Households lacking central 11,290 47.0 32,960 28.9 239,340
14.0heating 10.0Council Tax band A 38,950 37.7 87,365 24.8 665,835
11.8 0.0Social rented housing 20,615 35.4 79,270 21.5 445,020 11.3
All Overcrowded Households Council Tax Social rented Housing Fires
attendedHousing Benefit and Council 29,655 42.5 92,895 22.9 534,755
11.8 households households lacking central band A housing Benefit
and by Fire andTax Benefit claimants heating Council Tax Rescue
Benefit servicesFires attended by Fire and 700 48.2 3,040 25.9
20,030 15.3 claimantsRescue services Source: VOA 2008, CLG, 2006,
DWP 2005, Census 2001. Share refers to the proportion of the total
population (on an indicator) that live in rural areas. The
horizontal line shows the proportion of households in Norfolk who
live in rural areas1 A decent home is one that: is above the
current statutory minimum standard forhousing; is in a reasonable
state of repair; has reasonably modern facilities andservices; and
provides a reasonable degree of thermal comfort.2 English House
Condition Survey, 2004. The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk
20
21. Housing: How does rural Norfolk compare with other rural
areas?The table and chart below show key housing indicators for
rural Norfolk andcomparator areas. Rural Norfolk and comparators -
housing indicators 6.2% of households in rural areas in Norfolk
have no central heating, 18% lower than levels in rural areas in
England as a whole (6.3%). 16% Overcrowded 2.4% of households in
rural areas in Norfolk are overcrowded, lower 14% households than
the average across rural England (2.9%). 12% Social housing levels
are lower in rural areas in Norfolk (11.4%) than Households 10%
lacking central across rural areas as a whole (11.7%). 8% heating
Social rentedThe proportion of people on key housing indicators
across rural Norfolk 6% housing Norfolk - Rural East of England -
Rural 4% England - Rural 2% N % N % N % 0%All households 181,455
673,750 3,807,445 Norfolk - Rural East of England - Rural England -
RuralOvercrowded households 4,380 2.4 19,340 2.9 111,325
2.9Households lacking central heating 11,290 6.2 32,960 4.9 239,340
6.3Council Tax band A 38,950 18.6 87,365 11.6 665,835 15.6Social
rented housing 20,615 11.4 79,270 11.8 445,020 11.7Housing Benefit
and Council Tax 29,655 16.4 92,895 13.8 534,755 14.1Benefit
claimantsFires attended by Fire and Rescue 700 0.4 3,040 0.5 20,030
0.5services Source: VOA 2008, CLG, 2006, DWP 2005, Census 2001 The
rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 21
22. Appendix A: Methodology - Identifying the rural share of
deprivation socio-economic indicators, for example data on
self-employed people,Introduction adults with higher level
qualifications, and at-risk communities such asWe have analysed key
deprivation indicators, to identify the number of people people
from non-white groupsexperiencing deprivation issues living in
rural areas across Norfolk. Available on a consistent basis for all
areas across Norfolk, so can be validly compared between areas
(locally-held datasets can provideThe ONS Lower Layer Super Output
Area (LSOA) rural urban classification valuable additional context
information, but have not been included)was used to identify
whether an area was classified as rural or urban. Areas Available
at sub Local Authority level - Lower Super Output Areawith the
following Morphology codes were classified as rural: (LSOA) - in
order to allow analysis for urban and rural areas based on Small
town & fringe the urban-rural classifications Village Can be
communicated easily to a wide audience. Hamlet & isolated
dwellings.Key indicators were aggregated from small area-level
based on urban-ruralarea classifications, in order to calculate
data for rural and urban areas foreach indicator.What are the
indicators and themes we have used to identify the ruralshare of
deprivation?In order to compare between levels of urban and rural
deprivation, ouranalysis is based on indicators that are relevant
to both rural and urban areas.We have not looked at whether rural
deprivation is different to urbandeprivation. For this reason, we
have used a fairly standard set of themes andindicators for this
analysis.We have grouped indicators under seven themes: population,
deprivation andlow income, employment and worklessness, health and
disability, educationand skills, housing and households, and access
to services.The Table below identifies the set of key indicators
used in the rural shareanalysis, identified under each of the
themes. The criteria that we have used toselect the indicators are:
Relevance: We have included direct measures of deprivation such as
Jobseeker Allowance claimants. Where relevant, we have also
included The rural share of deprivation in Norfolk 22
23. The final list of indicators we have used Part-time workers
Census 2001 People in occupation groups I to III Census
2001Indicators by theme Source People in elementary occupations IX
Census 2001Population HealthTotal population Office of National
Statistics People with a limiting long-term Illness aged 0-64
Census 2001 (ONS), 2008 Working age adults who are permanently sick
or Census 2001Population aged 0 - 15 ONS, 2008 disabledWorking-age
population ONS, 2008 Attendance Allowance claimants DWP,
2009Pensionable age population ONS, 2008 Disability Living
Allowance claimants DWP, 2009Male/Female population ONS, 2008
Education and skillsPensioners living alone Census 2001 Adults with
no qualifications Census 2001Lone parent households with dependent
children Census 2001 Adults with level 1, 2, 3, 4/5 qualifications
Census 2001Residential population aged 16-74 Census 2001
HousingWorkplace population aged 16-74 Census 2001 Households
lacking central heating Census 2001Total daytime population aged
16-74 Census 2001 Social Rented Housing Census 2001Deprivation and
low income Overcrowded Households Census 2001Working Age DWP
Benefit claimants Department for Work and Housing in Council Tax
bands A and B Valuation Office Agency Pensions (DWP), 2009 (VOA )/
CLG, 2008Income Support claimants DWP, 2009 Housing Benefit and
Council Tax Benefit claimants DWP 2005Pension Credit Guarantee
Element recipients DWP, 2009 Fire and rescue service: All incidents
attended CLG, 2006ID 2007 Income domain Communities and Local
Access to services Government (CLG), Indices of Households with no
car or van Census 2001 Deprivation (ID) 2007 People working at home
Census 2001ID 2007 Income Deprivation Affecting Children CLG, ID
2007 People travelling more than 10 km to work Census 2001ID 2007
Income Deprivation Affecting Older People CLG, ID 2007 Households
more than 10km from a principal Job Commission for RuralEmployment
and worklessness Centre Communities (CRC) 2009ID 2007 Employment
domain CLG, ID 2007 Households more than 6km from a principal GP
site CRC 2009Jobseekers Allowance claimants DWP, 2009 Households
more than 6km from a Secondary School CRC 2009Incapacity Benefit
claimants DWP, 2009 People working in their ward of residence
Census 2001Children in out-of-work families Her Majestys Revenue
and People working in their Local Authority of residence Census
2001 Customs (HMRC), 2006Economically Inactive adults Census
2001Self-employed people Census 2001 The rural share of deprivation
in Norfolk 23
24. Appendix B: DefinitionsWhat do we mean by rural?The data
presented in this report is primarily based on data available for
smallareas. We have used the standard ONS/ Countryside Agency
rural-urbanclassification to identify whether particular areas are
rural or urban.The rural-urban classifications are available for a
range of geographical scales,including Output Areas, Super Output
Areas (both Lower and Middle Layer),and Wards. They are categorised
into four categories: urban, based on allsettlements over 10,000
population; small town & fringe; village; and hamlet
&isolated dwellings. For the analysis in this project, we have
combined the smalltown and fringe, village and hamlet &
isolated dwellings categories into asingle rural category. In other
words, our rural area analysis is based on allareas outside
settlements with populations of more than 10,000 people.See
www.defra.gov.uk/rural/ruralstats/rural-definition.htm for details
of thevarious rural-urban classifications. The rural share of
deprivation in Norfolk 24