rural area in india

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RURAL AREA IN INDIA


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SUDHANSU SKHAR SAHU

PGDM(MCM)

SEM-II


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About 75% of the Indian population lives in rural areasand about 80% of this population is dependent onagriculture for its livelihood. Agriculture accounts forabout 37% of the national income. The development ofthe rural areas and of agriculture and its allied activitiesthus becomes vital for the rapid development of the

economy as a whole.In this regard, India hassucceeded in developing one of the largest ruralbanking systems in the world. Various regulatorymeasures have been taken enabling the bankingsystem to play an important role in the economicdevelopment of the rural areas. The two most

prominent measures are rural commercial bank branchexpansion, thus moving from class banking to massbanking and secondly, priority sector lending and theformulation of specific development programes andaction plans to facilitate credit flow to the rural sectors.


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1. Rural infrastructure.

2. Rural poverty.

3. Issues of water management.

4. Illiteracy in rural India.

5. Issues in the agricultural sector.

6. HIV/AIDS in rural India.

7. Problems of rural women.

8. Child labour in rural areas.


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Even though India occupies the first or second position in theworld in several crops in terms of area and production, it's

rank in terms of productivity per hectare in the world is 52 forrice, 38 for wheat and much low in several other crops. Theproductivity of some crops is not only low but also remainedstagnant over the years. The yield gap needs to be bridgedthrough an integrated package of technology andagricultural policies to reap the untapped productionpotential, particularly, in rain-fed and other low productivityareas.


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India was under British rule for 200 years. British policies wereaimed in revenue collection and not rural development.They introduced the zamindari system. The zamindars weredeemed the owners of all land and they collected as muchrevenue as they could from the peasants. The system left thepeasants very poor and the zamindars did very little toimprove the conditions of the villages


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It is equivalent to near slavery. Bonded labour is an indebtedagricultural worker, who had borrowed from the moneylender at usurious rate of interest and had to work in his farmfor low wages. The system was used to permanently enslavethe worker, as the worker was only able to repay a part ofinterest and the loan with compounded residual interestwent on swelling. The agricultural labour can free himselfeventually only by giving his son in bondage as a substitute.Under the 20-point economic programme, the Government

India under Prime Minister Mrs.Indira Gandhi abolishedbonded labour system and brought legislation to this effectin 1975.


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Many children living in rural areas receive a level ofeducation which is very poor. Overall enrollment in primaryand middle schools are very low. Fifty percent of children

living in these areas leave school before the fifth grade .These children leave school for variety of reasons: someleave because of lack of interest; most leave so that theycan work in the fields, where the hours are long and the payis low


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In the rural area still the people using the pond or riverwater for sanitatioa and for drinking perpose also.In most of

the areas of india there is no tube well. On the TotalSanitation Programme(TSC), the Minister informed about theconstruction of nearly one crore toilets every year andhoped that every rural school, Anganwadi centre will haveproper toilets by March 2008.


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In rural area child labour is a very big problem.So manychildren below the age of 18 are working in the hotels orthey polish the shoes in the bus stand or raliway stations.They

do that because of some family problem or they have beenforced to that work.


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In last but not least the government should took somesteps to improve the life style of the rural area people andprovide them the basic needs like drinking water, electricity,

health care, educational transport, communication andother facilities then they can grow up.


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rural area in india