Round table discussion of the advisory group on

“How to overcome non-technological barriers”

Dipl.-Ing. Frank KoosEuroWindoor - The General Secretariat

Frankfurt a. M., Germany

http://www.eurowindoor.org

Best Practice For Double Skin FacadesDelphi, 12-19-2005

CE Marking for products - compulsory for building legislation

Initiated by Construction Products Directive (CPD)To show compliance with the Essential Requirements Based on harmonized European technical specificationLegal attestation of conformity in the form of

CE signifies that the product satisfies all the provisions of the CPD. It is fit for use as defined by Article 2(1) of CPD

EN 13830 Product standard - Curtain WallingBasis of CE mark/attestation of conformity

Framework for test and classification standardsLists specifications according to requirements of Construction Products DirectiveGives instructions to manufacturers:

Regulates scope of testing requiredSpecifies factory-production control and documentationSpecifies nature of marking

Leads to CE marking for curtain walling

Time Schedule EN 13830 “Product Standard Curtain Walling”

1.12.2005

Coexistence 1 year

2001 2002 2003 200620052004

Preparationfor Formal

vote

Formal vote

Publication as EN

Final draft

Publication in the EU OJ

Only CE

unexpected

Two examples of possible principles of curtain walling

Curtain Walling

Unitised constructionStick construction

Definitions

Curtain walling (EN 13830: 2003-11) -External building facade produced with framing mademainly of metal, timber or PVC-U, usually consisting ofvertical and horizontal structural members, connectedtogether and anchored to the supporting structure of thebuilding, which provides, by itself or in conjunction withthe building construction, all the normal functions of anexternal wall, but does not contribute to the load bearingcharacteristics of the building structure.

Double skin facade (prEN 13119: 2004) -A curtain wall construction comprising an outer skin ofglass and an inner wall constructed as a curtain wallthat together with the outer skin provide the full functionof a wall.

Regulated characteristics according to EN 13830

(Relevant for building authorities)

Reaction to fire

Thermal shock Resistance

Fire resistance

Resistance to live horizontal loads

Fire propagation

Air Permeability

Watertightness

Water vapour permeability

Resistance to dead load (self weight)

Thermal transmittance

Resistance to wind load

Airborne sound insulation

Resistance against impact

Durability

Classification of regulated product characteristics (I)

Characteristic/ designation

classification standard

Units Classification/value

Reaction to fire EN 13501-1

Class npd F E D C B A2 A1

Fire propagation npd verification, if required

Resistance to wind load EN 12179, EN 13116

kN/m² npd declared value

Dead load kN/m² npd declared value

Air permeability EN 12152 Class npd A1 A2 A3 A4 AE

(maximum test pressure) Pa (150) (300) (450) (600) (>600)

Water vapour permeability npd verification, if required

Watertightness EN 12154 Class npd R4 R5 R6 R7 RE

(maximum test pressure) Pa (150) (300) (450) (600) (>600)

Sound insulation EN ISO 140-3 and EN ISO°717-1, Rw (C;Ctr)

dB npd declared value

npd = no performance determined

Classification of regulated product characteristics (II)

Characteristic/ designation

classification standard

Units Classification/value

Thermal transmittance prEN 13947, Ucw

W/(m²K) npd declared value

Fire resistance (EN 13501-2)

Integrity (E)i → o, o → i, o ↔ i

min npd E 15 E 30 E 60 E 90 E 120

Integrity and insulation (EÌ)i → o, o → i, o ↔ i

min npd E 15 E 30 E 60 E 90 E 120

Integrity and radiation (EW)i → o, o → i, o ↔ i

min npd E 20 E 30 E 60

Resistance against impact EN 14019

internal Class npd I0 I1 I2 I3 I4 I5

(drop height) (mm) (n.a.) (200) (300) (450) (700) (950)

external Class npd E0 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5

(drop height) (mm) (n.a.) (200) (300) (450) (700) (950)

Thermal shock resistance Class npd verification, if required (Verglasung aus ESG,ESG-H TVG)

Resistance to live horizontal loads

kN at m sill hight

npd declared value

npd = no performance determined

Example: UCW for Double Skin Facade according prEN 13947: 2005, Annex D

secondary facade Ucw,2 = 6,0 W/m2K

primary facade Ucw,1 = 1,8 W/m2K

internalexternal

300 mm

slightly ventilatedlayer cw,2

sessicw,1

cw 111

URRR

U

U+−+−

=

0,6104,009,013,0

8,11

1

+−+−=

= 1,6 W/(m²·K)

For Information: UCW will change with prEN 13947: 2005

Ψg taken from EN ISO 10077-1: 2005, Annex E will rise and therefore input data for UCWo UW for windows will rise about 0,1 W/(m²K)o Ψm,g and Ψt,g will rise up to more then 100%

Additional Ψm,f and Ψt,f between façade framing and included windows must be addedThis lead to:

UCW,new ≅ UCW,old + 0,2

CE marking of curtain wallingExample from product standard EN 13830: 2003-11

01234

CE conformity marking, consisting of the “CE” symbol given in directive 93/68/EEC Identification number of the certification body (where relevant)

Any Co. Ltd, PO Box 21, B-1050

02

01234 –CPD-00234

Name or identifying mark and registered address of the producer Last two digits of the year in which the marking was affixed Certificate number (where relevant)

EN 13830

Curtain wall product Intended to be used in City Office application

Reaction to fire - Classes

Fire resistance - NPD

Watertightness - class R6

Resistance to own dead load - kN

Wind load resistance - 1200 kN/m²

Impact resistance - Technical classes

Thermal shock resistance - Glass type

Resistance to horizontal load - kN at m sill height

Thermal transmittance - NPD

Air permeability - class A3

Airborne sound insulation - dB

Number of European standard Description of product Information on regulated characteristics

Classification of voluntary product characteristics

Characteristic/ value/dimension

classification standard

Classification/value

Seismic shock resistance

npd verification, if required

Building and thermal movement

npd verification, if required

Equipotentiality EN 13830 Annex A

Ohm

npd declared value

Watertightness under dynamic conditions EN 13050

npd verification, if required

Bullet resistance In the style of EN 1522

npd FB1 FB2 FB3 FB4 FB5 FB6 FB7 FSG

Explosion resistance In the style of EN 13123-1 or -2

Shock tube npd EPR1 EPR2 EPR3 EPR4

Range test npd EXR1 EXR2 EXR3 EXR4 EXR5

Burglar resistance In the style of ENV 1627

Class npd 1 2 3 4 5 6

npd = no performance determined

FAECF Guidance Sheet CE.01: 2004-11 for additional information

Conclusion

There is already legal regulation for double skin facades in forceWith CE marking classes and declared values for regulated characteristics are givenThese legal declaration must be basis for any following planning tool or calculationAll characteristics of façade are important and have to be taken into accountAdvantages of double skin facades should not be limited to energy effectsPlease do the research with the newest standards in order to get future-proof results