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Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
From leftCanadian PM Stephen Harper, Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan, Australian PM Julia
Gillard PM David Cameron - UK and PM Yousuf Raza Gilani of
Pakistan.
Over $100 million in pledges for polio eradication at Commonwealth meeting
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
GPEI - Global Polio Eradication Initiative
WHO - World Health Organisation
UNICEF - United Nations Children’s Fund
CDC - (United States) Centre for Disease Control & Prevention
RI - Rotary International
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
1985350,000 cases
125 countries
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
How long ago?
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance
Nationwide AFP (acute flaccid paralysis) surveillance is the
gold standard for detecting cases of poliomyelitis.
The four steps of (AFP) surveillance are:
•finding and reporting children with (AFP) •transporting stool samples for analysis •isolating and identifying poliovirus in the laboratory •mapping the virus to determine the origin of the virus strain.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Environmental surveillance involves:-
•testing sewage or other environmental samples for the presence of poliovirus.•systematic environmental sampling (e.g. in Egypt and Mumbai, India)•ad-hoc environmental surveillance elsewhere (especially in polio-free regions)
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Surveillance indicators
IndicatorMinimum levels for certification standard
surveillance
Completeness of reporting
At least 80% of expected routine reports should be received on time (inc. zero reports) The distribution of reporting sites should be representative of the geography and demography of the country
Sensitivity of surveillance
At least one case of non-polio AFP should be detected annually per 100 000 population aged less than 15 years.In endemic regions this rate should be two per 100 000.
Completeness of case investigation
All cases should have a full clinical and virological investigation with at least 80% of AFP cases having ‘adequate’ stool specimens collected.
Completeness of follow-up
At least 80% of AFP cases should have a follow-up examination for residual paralysis at 60 days after the onset of paralysis
Laboratory performance
All AFP case specimens must be processed in a WHO-accredited laboratory within the Global Polio Laboratory Network (GPLN)
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Polio campaign monitoring
Independent polio campaign monitoring is carried out to assess the quality and impact of supplementary
immunization activities
- critical to guiding any necessary mid-course corrections if gaps or
problems are found.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
A child’s finger is marked after being vaccinated.
Bodinga, Nigeria
Polio campaign monitoringThe basic elements include
recording: •the number and source of independent monitors•the number of children monitored•the percentage of children whose
fingers are marked to prove they were vaccinated•the proportion of districts monitored
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Vaccinating five million children in
Sudan
In 2006, Sudan held mass polio vaccination campaigns
after two cases were reported in neighbouring
Chad.
More than five million children were vaccinated
over three days.
Oral polio vaccine is stored in refrigerators at a health facility. The rainy season flooded the area but the refrigerators are intact, keeping the vaccine chilled.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Dr Salah Haithami checks that a vaccinator knows her tasks:–
•giving two drops of vaccine to every child
•marking their fingers with indelible ink
•storing the vaccine safely in her cooler box.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Dr Tayeb EL Saied, in charge
of Sudan's immunization programme,
demonstrates house marking.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
A team of vaccinators waits to be driven out
to a remote community.
More than 90% of vaccinators are women, as only
women have access to private households.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Nigeria
Nigeria is on the last lap towards polio eradication with tremendous progress over the past two years but
the battle is not yet over
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Women’s compound meetings are targeting high
risk communities where resistance to oral polio
vaccine is strong.
Intensified efforts are underway to mobilize communities for polio
campaigns through varied communications
interventions.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Aminu Ahmad is the President of Kano’s
Association for Polio Victims. He runs his own tricycle business where 80% of
employees are people with polio.
Aminu is actively involved in community mobilisation efforts.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Traditional leaders play a key role in addressing resistance to
immunization thanks to their status and high respect in
communities….. vaccinating eligible children including their
own.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Papa Lolos (Village clowns) are actively engaged during campaign flag offs to draw
out the crowds while vaccination team waits to
capture all eligible children.
Locally produced Majigi films – that include drama and polio facts – are
widely used to strengthen the impact of communication.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Aminu was invited to address the Kano Emirate Council.
Certain religious sects still have strong anti-immunization attitudes. Emirs and
religious scholars help to overcome them.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Okada bikers (taxis) are used in Zamfara to
inform and mobilise communities during the
week leading to the campaign.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Nigeria will have to reach every last child in the next six months to be able to stop the transmission of the wild polio virus in Northern Nigeria.
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Total as of October 28, 2011, $192 million as reported by
Challenge Coordinator Clare Monroe, TRF staff.
Rotary’s
US$200 million
CHALLENGE
to match the
Bill & Melina Gates Foundation donation of
US$355 million
Rotary Foundation SeminarPolio Eradication
Thankyoufor your support
and on-going commitment
to see this campaign through
May we live to see a
POLIO FREE WORLD
Remember – while just ONE person has polio,
the whole world and all its children are at risk