ROOFTOPS FOR SUSTAINABLE CITIES - … Lesson PDF/ECC... · This is the standard unit for measuring light. Before testing, list surfaces in order ... with the activity’s reading

ROOFTOPS FOR SUSTAINABLE CITIES

ECCEI 1 WARM-UPStudents access the Futura Workspace through the provided link. (5 min)

Read about your new internship. Follow the instructions

on the student screen to navigate to the Futura Workspace

and access the Welcome to Futura! message in your inbox,

and read about your new internship.

Interns watch an introductory video and discuss what it means to be a civil engineer.

(10 min)

Interns, you will be

completing a civil

engineering project with

a company called Futura.

You will receive a

message from Marcos

every day.

ECC - EI INTRODUCING FUTURA

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Let’s Discuss Engineering!

• When have you heard the word engineer before?

• What do engineers do?

Engineers often use concepts from physics to build

structures, machines, and everyday objects that

help people.


What about civil engineers? What do you think they do?

Some examples of civil engineering projects include:

• roadways and freeways

• Bridges

• Dams

• citywide planning projects

an engineer who designs and maintains roads, bridges, dams,

and similar structures.

You will be

working as civil

engineering

interns at Futura.

Civil engineers

specialize in

designing

solutions to real-

world problems.


ECC-EI - INTRODUCING FUTURA

Play Video - Welcome to Futura. The video will explain your engineering design task.

ECC-EI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Let’s debrief the video.

What did you learn or what questions do you still have

about the internship after watching the video.

Summarize your internship project,

• create a roof modification design for the city of Solton

in order to help reduce its impact on climate change.

The internship is fictional.

Futura Engineering and the employees you will meet are fictional, but the work you will

do is very similar to that of real professional engineers.

Professionals-in-training often participate in simulations such as this to practice the

skills needed for the job before being given a real assignment.


Project roles:

• Marcos Cruz, project director: Marcos will give instructions and

deadlines. He will also be in charge of determining whether intern

work is up to Futura Engineering standards and whether interns

are ready move on to the next phase of the project.

• Students as interns: Let interns know that as new civil engineering interns, they

will use what they learned in the Earth’s Changing Climate unit to solve a real and

important problem. Interns will follow direction from the project director as they plan

and test their designs, will use what they’ll learn about roof modifications, and will

learn about the profession of engineering.

• Teacher as the internship coordinator: The internship coordinator will

communicate with the project director about interns’ progress, answer interns’

questions, and help guide them through the project.


Research phase. During this first phase, interns seek out information to better

understand the problem you are trying to solve: reduce Solton’s climate impact.

Design phase. During this phase, interns will apply the research they did toward

planning, building, testing, and analyzing their roof modification design.

Proposal phase. In this phase, interns write a proposal, describing evidence from the

research and tests of how the roof modification design addresses the project criteria,

or needs, of the city of Solton, Arizona.


Criteria are the

things that you

must consider, or

think about, and

test to evaluate

whether your

design or project

is successful.


Let’s review the three criteria and how

it is important to the city of Solton.

Let’s discuss the 3 criteria!

1. Reduce climate impact:

• Lowering the climate impact means

Solton is producing less carbon dioxide

and reducing the effect on Earth’s

temperature changes.





2. Preserve historic value:

• Preserving the look and condition of the

historic buildings means tourists will

continue to visit the city and support the

economy.





3. Keep cost low:

• Spend money responsibly—the less the

city spends on this project, the more

money it will have for parks, schools,

and other public works.

ECCEI – EXPLORING ALBEDO

Interns predict, then test, the relative albedo of a variety of surfaces. (15 min)

Activating prior knowledge.

• You are beginning the Research phase today by doing a hands-on investigation, examining a concept called

albedo.

Part of your research, you will be investigating new

ideas related to roof modifications.

• Is anyone is familiar with concept of albedo?

• If it was a very hot day outside, how would you feel if

you were…

• wearing a black t-shirt versus a white t-shirt?

• sitting in a dark-colored car versus a light-colored

car?

• playing on white concrete versus black asphalt?


A dark colors feel “hotter.”

This is because darker colors reflect less energy and absorb, or take in, more energy from the

sun, so you would get hotter.

Remember when light hits an object it can be…

- Absorbed

- Transmitted

- Reflected

Reflection is the opposite of absorption.



Measuring Albedo.You will be measuring

albedo using percentages.


The difference between objects with higher albedo and lower albedo.

• Objects with higher albedo reflect more energy from sunlight,

• Objects with lower albedo reflect less energy from sunlight (but instead absorb the energy,

which is why they are hotter).


The Albedo Investigation

• Futura wants you to do an investigation of albedo.

• You will predict, then test, the albedo of various surfaces in the classroom.

• The five surfaces you will use in your investigation.

Discuss and record your predictions in the Prediction column of the Albedo Investigation

sheet. Interns list the surfaces in order, from the surface they predict has the lowest albedo to the

surface they predict has the highest albedo. If necessary, review the definition of prediction.


Discuss and record your predictions in the Prediction column of the Albedo Investigation

sheet.

• list the surfaces in order, from lowest albedo to highest albedo.


Measuring light.

• Look at the top of the

Albedo Investigation sheet

and read the first line

describing the light meter.

• Just as we measure

length using meters

and kilometers, weight

using grams, time

using seconds,

scientists measure

how much light there

is using lux.

A light meter measures light as human eyes see it and measures it in units of lux.

This is the standard unit for measuring light. Before testing, list surfaces in order

from what you think will have the highest to lowest albedo.


The light sensor.

• The sensor measures how much

light there is (in lux), and that you

will use it to determine how much

light is being reflected off of each

surface.

Look at the light meter display,

which shows the lux measured

for the surface.

• We use a light meter to

determine a surface’s albedo.

• In order to figure out the albedo of

a surface, scientists and engineers

compare how much light is

reflected with how much light is

coming into the surface in the first

place.


Let’s demonstrate how to use a

light meter and calculate the

albedo.

• We will use the lab table surface

not included to demonstrate.

1. Face the sensor toward the

light source in a horizontal

position.

• Measure “I,” or Light In.

2. Adjust the measurement.

• Select a higher range if the

input signal is too strong.

3. You will not see one number

consistently on the screen.

• The values will jump around.

you should choose a number

that represents an

approximately average value.


4. Record the Light In, or “I”

number in the table on the

board.

5. Face the sensor toward the

example surface in a horizontal

position to measure “R,” or

Light Reflected.

• You will want to be careful not

to have the shadow of the

sensor block the light reflected

by the surface.

6. Record the Light Reflected, or

“R” number in the table on the

board.

7. Complete the example albedo

calculation.


Instructions for the investigation.

• Two groups will share one light meter.

• To do this, one group will measure a surface and record the values, then give the light meter to the

other group to use while the first group completes the albedo calculations.

Record your data and

calculations in the table.

You should complete the data

analysis after you have

calculated the albedo for all

five surfaces.


Results of your investigation.

Dark Roof:

• Black felt would have an albedo most similar to a dark roof because it is also black, and black surfaces reflect

less energy and absorb more energy from the sun.

White Roof:

• Glossy white paper would have an albedo most similar to the white roof because it is white and reflects the

most energy from the sun.

Solar Roof:

• Responses will vary. There is not one surface that corresponds to a solar roof because that is a complex

surface.

Were your predictions correct?

What did you learn about albedo?

If the light is not reflected, where does it go? It is absorbed

What affect does absorbed light have on a surface? The surface gets warmer

Out of the surfaces you tested, which are most like white roofs, dark roofs, and solar roofs. How do you know?

QUESTIONS:

ECCEI – READING ABOUT ROOFTOPS

Interns use Active Reading to learn more about roof modifications and the city of Solton.

(15 min)

Connecting the albedo investigation

with the activity’s reading.

You will continue your research by reading

about different roof types.

The investigation you just completed will

help you as you try to understand the

different possible rooftop modifications you

will read about before you start to create

your rooftop designs.

Interns use Active Reading to learn more about roof modifications and the city of Solton.

(15 min)

Introducing Futura Workspace.

You will use this Workspace

throughout the internship…

• receive daily messages from the

project director,

• record notes on project

information, and

• submit work to the project director

through forms found in the

Workspace.


ITEMS TO BE AWARE OF:

• The inbox has an icon for messages.

• You will see new icons for notes and forms

later in this internship.

• The icon you use to access the Design Tool.

• Some messages will have a quick link to

open the Dossier, but you can also open

the Dossier by going to the Amplify Library

from the Global Navigation Menu in

Amplify Science or by selecting the Dossier

in the Digital Resources in the Lesson Brief.

• The Dossier and the Design Tool are the

two main sources you will use to complete

your background research, starting today.


Futura Civil Engineer's Dossier

You will continue your background research by

reading portions of the Futura Civil Engineer’s

Dossier.

A Dossier (DAW-see-ay) is a term professionals

sometimes use for a set of related documents,

containing all of your project details.

Your Dossier will include the background

information you will need to complete this

Engineering Internship.

Engineers conduct background research in

many different ways in order to learn more

about their project before they actually build

and test their designs.

Use the Table of Contents (open book) to navigate the

other chapters in the dossier.


Select Chapter 2: “Futura Engineering’s

Work on Rooftops”

• Futura’s engineers have selected two types

of roof modifications that could help Solton

reduce the city’s climate impact.

• You will now do some background research

to learn more about these roof

modifications.

Use the Table of Contents (open book) to navigate the

other chapters in the dossier.


There will be lots

of new terms, so

encourage interns

to look at the

glossary in the

Dossier if they

need more

support with

engineering and

project terms.

Click on highlighted vocabulary in Dossier


Active Reading strategy and

guidelines.

Engineers read like scientists: reading

multiple times, taking notes, and asking

critical questions. As engineering

interns, you should practice these

skills, just as you have been doing in

science class by using Active Reading.

Confer with your colleagues and look at

the glossary if you need more support with

engineering terms. Remember that

researching and collaborating are

important practices for engineers.


Begin your research in the Dossier.

• 8–10 minutes to actively read and

annotate this section (pages 1–3 of

Chapter 2) of the Dossier.

• Stop reading when you get to the "Roof

Modification: White Roofs" section.


Share your annotations and discuss the reading with a colleague.

Talk about what you have learned from the reading and share any ideas you have

about how you might use the information to guide your designs.

Let’s summarize key points with the whole group.

• Solar roofs convert energy from the sun into electrical energy and reduce the need

for fuels, so they decrease the CO2 released into the atmosphere.

• White roofs are painted with a white coating that reflects sunlight and reduces the

amount of energy needed to cool a building because less energy is absorbed by the

roof.

• Albedo is how much sunlight is reflected away from a surface. Sunlight that is not

reflected is absorbed, making the surface warmer.

• Urban areas have a low albedo because they have a lot of dark surfaces, such as

pavement and dark roofs.


ECC - EI 1.2 HOMEWORK

Review the Futura Safety Guidelines, complete the Safety Agreement, and review the

RFP for after-hours work to prepare for the next workday.

Return to the Futura Workspace and be sure you’ve completed all internship tasks for

the day.

• Open the Dossier.

• Read and annotate Chapter 1: "Request for Proposals" (RFP)

• Reread Chapter 2: "Futura Engineering's Work on Rooftops" for more information,

as well.

Double check your Workspace inbox to see if there are Safety Guidelines to read and

a Safety Agreement form to submit.

Remember to select Earth’s Changing Climate Engineering Internship from the

login page for the Futura Workspace.

https://apps.learning.amplify.com/futuraworkspace

https://drm.learning.amplify.com/ereader/#/reader/789a4a10-3947-4ea1-948b-02e7566f2c96

Documents

ROOFTOPS FOR SUSTAINABLE CITIES - … Lesson PDF/ECC... · This is the standard unit for measuring light. Before testing, list surfaces in order ... with the activity’s reading