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Roman Government and Society
And Roman Geography
Objectives
• Who were the consuls?
• What are checks and balances? Why did the Romans create them?
• How did the Roman Senate gain power?
• What was the name of Rome’s first written law code
• Why did the Romans want their laws written down?
• What kinds of activities took place in the Roman Forum?
Terms and People
• Magistrates were elected officials of Rome.
• Consuls were the two most powerful magistrates; they ran the city and the army.
• Roman Senate was a group of wealthy citizens that advised the magistrates.
• veto is a cancelation of a law.
Terms and People
• Latin was the language of the Romans.
• Checks and balances are north
• Forum was the public area of Rome.
Early Rome was governed by an Etruscan king, but he was cruel and they overthrew him. The Roman aristocracy set up a new type of government, called a republic.
However, only the Patricians, Roman aristocracy, could vote.
It was mostly run by a senate.
Two consuls ran the city and the army. They replaced the king.
Patricians Plebes
The Senate
We’re pretty unhappy. We don’t have any
power.
We better change things before they
revolt.
And we will elect a tribune, who can veto
your laws.
The Assembly The Tribune
We’ll keep the Senate and make the laws as we’ve
always done.
But we’ll give you guys assemblies. They’ll elect the
magistrates.
Each part was given specific areas of power.
Because no one part has all the power, it is called “limited government.”
Each part checks and balances the power in another part.
Eventually, they wrote it all down on twelve stones, called the twelve tables.
It was a sort of constitution for Rome.
The Roman Republic, even after all men won the vote, is quite different from the democracy of the Greeks.
