standards 5.9.pi1 - list inventions, innovations, and other
technological developments and incorporate the idea of change in
the realms of communications, transportation, production, and
lifestyle, 5.9.pi1 - list inventions, innovations, and other
technological developments and incorporate the idea of change in
the realms of communications, transportation, production, and
lifestyle, 5.10.pi3 - analyze the evolution of the political,
economic, and social status of women 5.10.pi3 - analyze the
evolution of the political, economic, and social status of women
5.1 - describe the major historical eras and major events
associated with those eras from the beginnings of civilization
through the modern world. 5.1 - describe the major historical eras
and major events associated with those eras from the beginnings of
civilization through the modern world.
Slide 4
Roman arts and literature Roman military shipped artwork back
to Rome after their many conquests.Roman military shipped artwork
back to Rome after their many conquests. The Romans used this as a
model for their artwork.The Romans used this as a model for their
artwork.
Slide 5
Art and architecture Romans borrowed styles of art from the
Greeks.Romans borrowed styles of art from the Greeks. The Romans
however, produced more realistic artwork.The Romans however,
produced more realistic artwork. Romans excelled in
architecture.Romans excelled in architecture. Known for curved
forms: arch, vault, dome and using large amounts of concrete.Known
for curved forms: arch, vault, dome and using large amounts of
concrete. Supreme builders constructed roads, bridges, and
aqueducts.Supreme builders constructed roads, bridges, and
aqueducts.
Slide 6
Roman architecture The Coliseum
Slide 7
Literature Golden age of Latin literature came during the Age
of Augustus.Golden age of Latin literature came during the Age of
Augustus. Virgil wrote Aeneid to honor Rome after Augustus took
over.Virgil wrote Aeneid to honor Rome after Augustus took over.
Primary Source pg. 161Primary Source pg. 161 Horace writes Satires
weakness of humans.Horace writes Satires weakness of humans.
Slide 8
Literature Livy wrote The Early History of Rome 142 books he
saw history in terms of moral lessons.Livy wrote The Early History
of Rome 142 books he saw history in terms of moral lessons. Stories
reveled character of the chief figures and demonstrated the virtues
tat makes Rome great.Stories reveled character of the chief figures
and demonstrated the virtues tat makes Rome great. Problem 1 He
told a good story, but was not factually accurate.Problem 1 He told
a good story, but was not factually accurate.
Slide 9
Reading Check Why are Livys histories considered important to
historians?Why are Livys histories considered important to
historians? Livys histories reveal Roman valuesLivys histories
reveal Roman values (5-9.pi1 developments and change in the Roman
Empire)
Slide 10
Life in ancient rome Roman family social structure paterfamiles
= dominant male.Roman family social structure paterfamiles =
dominant male. Romans raised their children at home boys and girls
had to learn to read.Romans raised their children at home boys and
girls had to learn to read. Father chose how to educate the
children.Father chose how to educate the children. At age 16
childhood ended for the boys at a special ceremony. Boys would
exchange for their purple edged toga for a white one.At age 16
childhood ended for the boys at a special ceremony. Boys would
exchange for their purple edged toga for a white one.
Slide 11
Life in ancient rome Fathers would arrange marriages for their
daughters.Fathers would arrange marriages for their daughters.
Girls could marry at 12 but on average they were 14.Girls could
marry at 12 but on average they were 14. Males could marry at 14
but it was usually much later.Males could marry at 14 but it was
usually much later. Early on divorce was not allowed but eventually
this changed. Men or Women could ask for a divorce.Early on divorce
was not allowed but eventually this changed. Men or Women could ask
for a divorce. As time passed, the paterfamilia broke down and
males absolute authority was no longer.As time passed, the
paterfamilia broke down and males absolute authority was no
longer.
Slide 12
Life in ancient Rome Women had considerable rights in Rome own,
inherit, and sell property.Women had considerable rights in Rome
own, inherit, and sell property. Women could go out by themselves
but in certain places there was women only sections.Women could go
out by themselves but in certain places there was women only
sections. Women could not participate in politics but they their
influence was seen through their husbands.Women could not
participate in politics but they their influence was seen through
their husbands. (5.10.pi3 social status of women)
Slide 13
Slavery and revolts Slavery was common and heavily relied on by
the Romans.Slavery was common and heavily relied on by the Romans.
Most early slaves were taken but after many conquests prisoners
were brought back.Most early slaves were taken but after many
conquests prisoners were brought back. Greek slaves were in high
demand.Greek slaves were in high demand. Horrible treatment cheaper
to let a slave die than to help them.Horrible treatment cheaper to
let a slave die than to help them. Slaves revolted but if a slave
was caught he and all of the other slaves were killed.Slaves
revolted but if a slave was caught he and all of the other slaves
were killed.
Slide 14
Spartacus Led a revolt of 70,000 slaves. He was eventually
killed and 6,000 of his followers were crucified.Led a revolt of
70,000 slaves. He was eventually killed and 6,000 of his followers
were crucified. I am Spartacus
Slide 15
Living conditions Capital city of Rome close to 1 million
people.Capital city of Rome close to 1 million people. Rome was 2
sided beautiful city and noisy city.Rome was 2 sided beautiful city
and noisy city. Walking in Rome was extremely dangerous cart and
wagon traffic was kept to nighttime only.Walking in Rome was
extremely dangerous cart and wagon traffic was kept to nighttime
only. Crime was also extremely rampant in Rome.Crime was also
extremely rampant in Rome. There was a large gap between the rich
and the poor.There was a large gap between the rich and the
poor.
Slide 16
Living conditions The poor lived in insulae 6 stories high and
was mostly made of wood.The poor lived in insulae 6 stories high
and was mostly made of wood. Fire was a consistent threat and high
rent forced many families to live together.Fire was a consistent
threat and high rent forced many families to live together. Rome
had a HUGE problem Emperors had given the poor free grain (200,000)
and free entertainment.Rome had a HUGE problem Emperors had given
the poor free grain (200,000) and free entertainment. 3 types of
entertainment: Horse/Chariot Races Dramatic shows gladiatorial
shows.3 types of entertainment: Horse/Chariot Races Dramatic shows
gladiatorial shows.
Slide 17
Reading Check Why did the Roman emperors provide free grain to
the poor?Why did the Roman emperors provide free grain to the poor?
There would be riots if people were starving.There would be riots
if people were starving.
Slide 18
Decline and Fall Chapter 5, Section 5
Slide 19
The decline After Marcus Aurelius died conflict, confusion, and
civil wars followed.After Marcus Aurelius died conflict, confusion,
and civil wars followed.
Slide 20
Problems and upheavals Following the civil wars a military
government took control.Following the civil wars a military
government took control. The Roman throne was occupied by whoever
could sieze it.The Roman throne was occupied by whoever could sieze
it. For the next 50 years Rome had 2 emperors.For the next 50 years
Rome had 2 emperors. Eventually the Persians and Germanic tribes
flooded into Roman land.Eventually the Persians and Germanic tribes
flooded into Roman land. Rome was heading to full on economic
collapse.Rome was heading to full on economic collapse.
Slide 21
Problems and upheavals Plague also caused a labor shortage and
hurt military recruitment.Plague also caused a labor shortage and
hurt military recruitment. Rome was slowly declining and was
desperately need of help.Rome was slowly declining and was
desperately need of help.
Slide 22
Reform Before Rome fell totally dead in the water 2 emperors
provided a new lease on life.Before Rome fell totally dead in the
water 2 emperors provided a new lease on life. Diocletian and
Constantine provided a new rigid social structure and economic
system.Diocletian and Constantine provided a new rigid social
structure and economic system. They also focused on the new state
religion Christianity.They also focused on the new state religion
Christianity. Diocletian knew the empire was too large and divided
it up into 4 units.Diocletian knew the empire was too large and
divided it up into 4 units.
Slide 23
Final 2 emperors DiocletianConstantine
Slide 24
Reform Constantine expanded Diocletian's policies and
constructed a new capital city Constantinople.Constantine expanded
Diocletian's policies and constructed a new capital city
Constantinople. While their reforms were great it drained public
funds and no new tax money was coming in.While their reforms were
great it drained public funds and no new tax money was coming in.
To prevent inflation Diocletian issues a price edict but it did not
work.To prevent inflation Diocletian issues a price edict but it
did not work. The next step was to keep working in family jobs
certain jobs became hereditary.The next step was to keep working in
family jobs certain jobs became hereditary. Ultimately, Constantine
and Diocletian policies were based on control and
coercion.Ultimately, Constantine and Diocletian policies were based
on control and coercion.
Slide 25
Reading Check Describe the conditions in Roman Empire prior to
Diocletian and Constantine.Describe the conditions in Roman Empire
prior to Diocletian and Constantine. Civil war, invasions,
conflict, confusion, and plague.Civil war, invasions, conflict,
confusion, and plague. (5.1 major historical events in the Roman
era)
Slide 26
The fall Constantine and Diocletian enjoyed early success but
it did not last for a long period of time.Constantine and
Diocletian enjoyed early success but it did not last for a long
period of time. The restored empire limped along but continued to
be divided into the western and eastern empire.The restored empire
limped along but continued to be divided into the western and
eastern empire. The western empire faced increased pressure from
Germanic Tribes (Visigoths)The western empire faced increased
pressure from Germanic Tribes (Visigoths)
Slide 27
Migrations into Roman Empire
Slide 28
Germanic tribes Huns pressured Germanic Visigoths in Eastern
Europe.Huns pressured Germanic Visigoths in Eastern Europe. The
Visigoths then sacked Rome.The Visigoths then sacked Rome. The
Vandals followed the Visigoths and continued to sack Rome.The
Vandals followed the Visigoths and continued to sack Rome. Huns,
Visigoths, Vandals Invaders of RomeHuns, Visigoths, Vandals
Invaders of Rome Western Empire falls when Romulus Augustulus is
deposed.Western Empire falls when Romulus Augustulus is
deposed.
Slide 29
Roman invaders
Slide 30
Theories There are multiple theories about the fall of
Rome:There are multiple theories about the fall of Rome: 1.
Christianity weakened Roman military virtues1. Christianity
weakened Roman military virtues 2. Traditional Roman values
declined when non-Italians gained prominence.2. Traditional Roman
values declined when non-Italians gained prominence. 3. Lead
poisoning caused mental decline.3. Lead poisoning caused mental
decline. 4. Plague wiped out 1/10 of population4. Plague wiped out
1/10 of population 5. No technological advance due to slavery.5. No
technological advance due to slavery. 6. No workable political
system6. No workable political system No one explanation fits but
all have some form of truth. No one explanation fits but all have
some form of truth.
Slide 31
Reflections A different perspective of the fall of Rome