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Role of Hunting in Wildlife Management
Dr. Kenneth J. RaedekeAffiliate ProfessorUniversity of Washington
Traditional Roles of Hunting
Harvest resources (meat, hides, etc.) Manage wildlife populations Reduce problem species Provide recreational opportunities Economic return to society
North American Wildlife Management Model
Wildlife as a public trust resource Elimination of markets for game Allocation of wildlife by law Kill only for legitimate purpose Wildlife is an international resource Science-based wildlife policy Democracy of hunting
Current Big Game Harvests in Washington State (2008)
Deer 35,040 Elk 6,826 Moose 74 Black bear 2,115 Mountain goat 15 Bighorn sheep 32 Cougar 188
Game Bird Harvests in Washington State (2008)
Wild turkey 5,035 Pheasants 20,000 Band-tailed pigeons 434 Doves 68,735 Ducks 410,000 Geese 74,045 Grouse & Quail 251,472
Economic Value of Hunting(1996 Data)
14 Million hunters in USA Hunters spent $23 Billion in direct expenses Ripple effect of $73 Billion Generated $3.1 Billion in state and federal taxes Created 704,600 jobs nationwide
Resulting in household income of $416 Billion 1% of USA workforce
Washington State Statistics(2006 data)
Hunters 182,000 Days of hunting 2,126,000 Total expenditures $313,134,000 Average $$ per hunter $1,688 Average $$ per Wildlife
Viewer $563
Pittman-Robertson Funding
Hunter initiated tax on firearms and ammunition of 10% in 1930
Generated $2 billion Currently $150 million per year Funds used for wildlife management by
states
Wildlife Harvest Models
Annual surplus model Large mammals Bird populations
Maximum Sustained Yield (MSY) Large mammals (control situations)
Population control model For pest or eruptive populations
Annual Surplus Model
Hunting takes the annual surplus production that can not be supported by the habitat
Based on concept of compensatory mortalityThat is, hunting mortality replaces other forms
of mortality and is not additive
Maximum Sustained Yield Model
Produces the highest harvest from a population
Reduces population to half of carrying capacity of habitat
Based on logistic growth model Used for deer/elk damage problems on
private commodity lands
Maximum Sustained Yield
Control of Wildlife Populations
Snow geese in western USA and Canada White tailed deer in mid-west and eastern
USA Deer and elk on private commodity lands
Why do I hunt?
Family tradition in rural America Challenge of the chase Get out doors and appreciate nature Spend time with friends and family Obtain interesting meat and artifacts Support wildlife conservation
License fees ( $500 per year) Tax on sporting goods
Travel to exotic lands