Roger These de Sortie

5/17/2018 Roger These de Sortie - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/roger-these-de-sortie 1/85

Pgxvla{igxlvììvlmimclw{k fkq

maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq

glc{êq bìagolw{kq gI“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk

N{qvlolko) Agp"DglvlkoKv{fk xkvxmqpkavluk ngoulkx 8004 g fkakbhxk

8077Pxìqkovìk kv qm{vko{k p{hilw{kbkov pgx > Fx Xmckx Gxvd{x)

ik 4 bgl 8078

8078

Flxkavk{x fk vdäqk > Fx Ngaw{kq N{iblak

Qkxulak fk Adlx{xclk Cìoìxgik) Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko ) Agp"Dglvlko

4-;-8078



8

Vghik fkq bgvläxkq

L " Xkbkxalkbkovq

LL " Fìflagakq

LLL " Ilqvkq fkq vghikg{t kv fkq cxgpdlw{kq

LU" Cimqqglxk

UL " Xìq{bì

7 " Lovxmf{avlmo

8 " Xku{k fk ig ilvvìxgv{xk

"Fìelolvlmo fk i“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik

"Xgppki q{x i“kbhx|mimclk fk i“lovkqvlo

"Xgppki fk i“gogvmblk fk i“lovkqvlo

"Xgppki q{x i“dlqvmimclk fk i“lovkqvlo

"Pd|qlmpgvdmimclk kv ìvlmimclk fk i“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik

"Pxìqkovgvlmo ailolw{k fk i“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik

"Flgcomqvla fk i“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik

"Pxlqk ko adgxck

1 " Bìvdmfmimclk

6 " Pxìqkovgvlmo fkq xìq{ivgvq

"Gck kv qktk

"Kvlmimclkq

"Ckqvkq xìgilqìq

; " Flqa{qqlmoq kv ambbkovglxkq

5 " Amoai{qlmoq

3 " Xkambbgofgvlmoq

4 " Xìeìxkoakq kv hlhilmcxgpdlkq



1

L " Xkbkxalkbkovq

Om{q vkomoq à xkbkxalkx vm{q ak{t w{l om{q mov ìvì f“{o cxgof q{ppmxv pm{x ig xìfgavlmo fkakvvk vdäqk/ Om{q ktpxlbmoq omvxk xkamooglqqgoak g{ fmavk{x Xmfmipdk Hgxxkiig) adke f{qkxulak fk ig adlx{xclk kv g{ pxmekqqk{x Ukxdgkcdk Plkxxk pm{x ik{x gaambpgcokbkov/ Om{q

gfxkqqmoq fk egãmo qpìalgik omq xkbkxalkbkovq g{ fmavk{x Kblik Fgbgq) omvxk xkqpmoqghik fkemxbgvlmo) g{ fmavk{x Guxl{q Ambpäxk) bìfkalo fk qkxulak pm{x qkq amoqkliq n{flalk{t : g{fmavk{x Nkgo Cxgalg Amw) flxkavk{x bìflagi) pm{x qkq bmvq f“koam{xgckbkovq) g{ fmavk{x NkgoCkvxm F{hk flxkavk{x ktìa{vle/ G{t fmavk{xq D{hkxv Bladki Plkxxk Im{lq) adke f{ qkxulakf“mxvdmpìflk) g{ fmavk{x Bgxlk Agxbkiik Ikamovk) adke fk qkxulak f{ hima mpìxgvmlxk/ G{tloelxbläxkq f{ hima mpìxgvmlxk) blqq Pdlimbäok C{kxxlkx) blqq Bmog Nkgo Exgoãmlq) blqqAgxmik B{ivlfmx adke f{ qkxulak fk adlx{xclk/ G{t g{vxkq qkxulakq $pdgxbgalk) ighmxgvmlxk, kv g{pkxqmooki fk qm{vlko/

G{ fmavk{x Nkxx| Hkxogxf) g{ fmavk{x Jlqqlockx D|ppmilvk) g{ fmavk{x Gikxv Bm{qi|o Lqbg) g{

fmavk{x Kolmvd Hxlcdv) g{ fmavk{x Ngaw{kq N{iblak) pm{x ik{x gaambpgcokbkov : g{ fmavk{xXmo| I{hkxlqqk omvxk dmbmimc{k/ G{t xìqlfkovq f{ qkxulak fk adlx{xclk > fmavk{x SlijkoqClihkxv) fmavk{x Xmipd Xladbì) fmavk{x Xladgxf Vm{qqglov) fmavk{x Bgt F/ Ngqblo) fmavk{xPdlilppk Pgloqmo) fmavk{x Gf| G/ Bmokqvlbk) fmavk{x Hkoqmo Im{lbg pm{x ik{x pxìalk{tamoam{xq kv ik{x amiighmxgvlmo/ Om{q qmbbkq pgxvla{iläxkbkov xkamooglqqgovq à omq pgxkovq)omq goalkoq pxmekqqk{xq $fmavk{x Cìxgxf [i|qqk) fmavk{x Eìilt Hlokvvk, pm{x ik{xq q{ppmxvqbmxg{t kv ìamomblw{kq/

G omq gblq fmavk{x Slivmo Adkx{hlo) fmavk{x Adìx| Vdìmpdlik) fx Qgdbmofk B|xli) Omìblkf“Gö{v) Ikq Qgbqmoq) Gof| Plkxxk kv C{kxilok N/ B/ Gibkxg pm{x ik q{ppmxv bmxgi kvloemxbgvlw{k/

Koelo à vm{q ak{t kv akiikq w{l f“{ok bgoläxk m{ f“{ok g{vxk mov amovxlh{ì à bg emxbgvlmo kv àig xìgilqgvlmo fk ak fma{bkov) om{q vìbmlcomoq omvxk cxgvlv{fk/

Xmckx Gxvd{x



6

L " Fìflagakq

Om{q fìflmoq ak bìbmlxk à omvxk bäxk Ekxogofk Bgxqkliik) à omvxk pgvxmo fk ig adlx{xclk

fmavk{x Xmfmipdk Hgxxkiig) g{ pxmekqqk{x Ukxdgkcdk Plkxxk kv à vm{q ak{t w{l vxgugliikov pm{xi“gugoakbkov fkq qalkoakq bìflam"adlx{xclagikq ko Dgívl/



;

LLL"Ilqvkq fkq vghikg{t kv fkq cxgpdlw{kq

7"Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{kq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikq ìvlmimclkq vm{q èckqamoemof{q/

8"Ambpgxglqmo fkq ìvlmimclkq fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq $D[N) DCBA) DOOO,.

1"Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{kq bìagolw{kq qkimo ik qktk) vm{q èckqamoemof{q/

6" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{kq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikq ckqvkq) vm{q èckqamoemof{q/

;" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{kq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikq ìvlmimclkq) cxm{pk f“èck0 à loekxlk{x à 5goq/

5" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{kq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikq ìvlmimclkq) cxm{pk f“èck5 à loekxlk{x à 74 goq/

3" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{kq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikq ìvlmimclkq) cxm{pk f“èck74 à loekxlk{x à 1< goq/

4" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{kq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikq kvlmimclkq) cxm{pk f“èck1< goq à loekxlk{x à 5; goq/

<" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikq ìvlmimclkq) cxm{pk f“èck5; goq kv g{ fkqq{q,/

70"Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q

77"Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq qkimo ik qktk/

78" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq qkimo ig vmpmcxgpdlk

71" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq qkimo ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq

76"Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq qkimo ikq ìvlmimclkq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q

7;" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq qkimo ik qktk

75" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq qkimo ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq

73" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q

74" Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq qkimo ik qktk

7<"Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq qkimo ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq



5

LU"CIMQQGLXK

GQP> Ghfmbko Qgoq Pxìpgxgvlmo

Hxlfkq > gfdìxkoakq elhxk{qkq

Fìfleeìxkoalgvlmo > pdìombäok hlmimclw{k lbpmxvgov pgx ikw{ki ikq akii{ikq xìcxkqqkov àpgxvlx f“{ok emoavlmo qpìalgilqìk à {o qlbpik ìvgv/

Kavgqlk> gcxgoflqqkbkov gomxbgi f“{o uglqqkg{ m{ f“{o mxcgok axk{t

DCAB> Dmqplvgi Ckokxgi Agogfg Bmovxkgi

DHP> d|pkxvxmpdlk hìolcok pxmqvgvk

/Dìvìxmvmplk> f{ cxka vmpmq $ ilk{,) dìvìxm$g{vxk, : gombgilk amocìolvgik f{k à ig pxìqkoakf“{o vlqq{ m{ f“{o mxcgok à {o kofxmlv f{ amxpq m{ li ok fkuxglv pgq qk vxm{ukx omxbgikbkov

D[N > Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko

DOOO > Döplvgi Ogvlmogi Olgbk| f{ Olckx

Liì{q pgxgi|vlw{k > maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik f{k à {ok pgxgi|qlk fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik qgoq mhqvgaikpxìqkov/

Igpgxmvmblk> gavk adlx{xclagi amoqlqvgov ko i“m{ukxv{xk fk i“ghfmbko pgx {ok loalqlmo iglqqgovik pgqqgck flxkav à f“g{vxkq gavkq adlx{xclag{t q{x ikq mxcgokq ghfmblog{t m{ pkiulkoq/

Pìxlqvgivlqbk> bm{ukbkov fk amovxgavlmo fkq b{qaikq lovkqvlog{t pkxbkvvgov ig pxmcxkqqlmof{ hmi gilbkovglxk

Vxgoqlv lovkqvlogi> mpìxgvlmo ambpiktk w{“keekav{kov ikq lovkqvloq pm{x gadkblokx vm{v ikamovko{ fk i“kqvmbga ukxq ik xkav{b pm{x | îvxk ìilbloì qm{q emxbk fk qkiikq /

Vìikqampgck > kovxìk ko amiilqlmo

Umiu{i{q > a“kqv ig vmxqlmo f“{ok goqk g{vm{x fk qmo gtk



3

U"Xìq{bì

F“gpxäq ig ilvvìxgv{xk) ikq hxlfkq xkpxìqkovkov ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikqglc{êq bìagolw{kq/ G{t Kvgvq [olq) ikq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq q{x hxlfkq xkpxìqkovkov 3;+) fkqpgvlkovq mpìxìq pm{x maai{qlmo bìagolw{k lovkqvlogik) qmlv 100/000 pgvlkovq-go7/

[ok ìv{fk xìvxmqpkavluk $ngoulkx 7<45"fìakbhxk 7<<5, q{x ;;8 pgvlkovq fgoq ik qkxulak fkadlx{xclk Qlx Bmxvlbkx H/Fgulq ‑Nkslqd fk i“Döplvgi Ckokxgi f{ Agogfg Bmovxìgi g xkvxm{uì)ikq ìvlmimclkq q{lugovkq > Hxlfkq 36 +) bgigflk fk Axmdo 3+) oìmpigqlk ;+) dkxolk 8+/8

[ok ìv{fk xìvxmqpkavluk à i“Döplvgi Ogvlmogi f{ Olgbk| Olckx$Gexlw{k, q{x 368 pgvlkovq) pm{xq|ofxmbk ghfmblogi glc{k adlx{xclagi 7<<3"7<<4) ikq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq ko vîvk fkqìvlmimclkq 67+) q{lulkq fkq pìxlvmolvkq 84)4+ f“mxlclok v|pdlw{kq kv gppkofla{iglxkq >

Ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk 748 $56+,) ik umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 14 $71+,) i“lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik 80

$3+,) maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq q{x hxlfkq 87 $3+,) ikq lbpkxemxgvlmoq gomxkavgikq < $1+,)umiu{i{q f{ cxîik 8 $7+,) v{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq 71 $;+,) gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq 7 $0);+,/ 1

[ok ìv{fk xìvxmqpkavluk xìgilqìk fgoq ikq agdlkxq f{ hima mpìxgvmlxk fk i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxkN{qvlolko f{ Agp"Dgívlko fk ngoulkx 8004 à fìakbhxk 8077 q{x 868 pgvlkovq) vm{q èckqamoemof{q g pkxblq fk eglxk akvvk mhqkxugvlmo > dkxolk ìvxgociìk 763 $57+ ,) maai{qlmolovkqvlogik q{x hxlfkq $17, 71+ ) lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik $81, 70+) umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 4 $1+,) umiu{i{q f{ cxîik < $6+ ,) v{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq < $6+,) bgiemxbgvlmoq $lbpkxemxgvlmoqgogikq) gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq 5 $8+,) flukxq $qvìomqkq f{mfkomp|imxlw{kq) gogikq) hm{adk fkamimqvmblk) maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik pgx eìagimbk, < $6+, / 6

Ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk kqv ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq ài“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko f{ Agp"Dglvlko kv à i“Döplvgi Ogvlmogi Olgbk| f{ Olckxvgoflq w{k) à i“Döplvgi Cìoìxgi f{ Agogfg Bmovxìgi ikq hxlfkq xkpxìqkovkov ig pxloalpgikìvlmimclk/

Akq lovkxukovlmoq mov ìvì xìgilqìkq >

Dkxolmxxgpdlk ;8+) xìqkavlmo gogqvmbmqk pmqv oìaxmqk lovkqvlogik 7;+) gfdìqlmi|qk 77 +)

amimqvmblk 3+) dkxolmvmblk ;+) fìumiu{igvlmo 1+) fìqlougclogvlmo1+) cgqvxmnìn{omqvmblk

8+) ktvxgavlmo eìagimbk) hm{clogck 7+

6

/

Om{q gumoq p{ amoqvgvkx w{k ikq hxlfkq qmov imlo f“îvxk ig pxloalpgik ag{qk fkq maai{qlmoq

lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq à i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko) Agp"Dgívlko/ Ig dkxolk

ìvxgociìk kqv ig pxloalpgik ag{qk fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq à i“döplvgi

[olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko/



4

7"LOVXMF[AVLMO

I“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik glc{k bìagolw{k kqv {ok {xckoak adlx{xclagik exìw{kbbkov xkoamovxìkko adlx{xclk/ Kiik amoqvlv{k {ok ag{qk bgnk{xk fk bmxhlflvì kv fk amúv fgoq ikq döplvg{t f{bmofk kovlkx/ I“ìvgv f“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik fmlv îvxk amoqlfìxì ambbk {ok {xckoak

vdìxgpk{vlw{k n{qw{“à fìalqlmo adlx{xclagik amovxglxk/

• Ig pxkbläxk ìvgpk kqv akiik fk ig xkamooglqqgoak f{ q|ofxmbk maai{qle kv fk igpxlqk ko adgxck fk qmo xkvkovlqqkbkov cìoìxgi/

• I“mhnkavle fk ig fk{tläbk ìvgpk kqv fk fleeìxkoalkx i“maai{qlmo bìagolw{k f“{okmaai{qlmo emoavlmookiik m{ liì{q/

• Ig vxmlqläbk ìvgpk kqv akovxìk q{x i“ìv{fk f{ qläck kv f{ bìagolqbk fk i“maai{qlmo w{l

mxlkovk i“kow{îvk ìvlmimclw{k• Ig w{gvxläbk ìvgpk kqv fìalqlmookiik/ Kiik fmlv n{ckx fk ig oìakqqlvì kv q{xvm{v fk

i“{xckoak fk ig ikuìk mpìxgvmlxk fk i“mhqvgaik/

Akq ìvgpkq loväcxkov ikq om{ukiikq vkadolw{kq f“lbgckxlk) ambbk ig vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlkambbk ktgbko fk xìeìxkoak) kv fk adlx{xclk w{l fìelolqqkov ig vkadolw{k lovkxukovlmookiik igpi{q gfgpvìk/; Kiik xkpxìqkovk 80"8;+ f{ q|ofxmbk ghfmblogi glc{k) ag{qìk pgx ikq hxlfkq14) ;+) dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 87)3 + : 50+ " 40 + fkq maai{qlmoq q{xulkov g{ olukg{ fk i“lovkqvlocxîik/5

Pxmhikbgvlw{k kv w{kqvlmo pxloalpgikFkugov akq pgxvla{igxlvìq ìvlmimclw{kq) umlal ig w{kqvlmo w{k om{q om{q qmbbkq pmqìkq >

Ig ag{qk pxloalpgik fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq ìomoaìk pgx ig ilvvìxgv{xkkqv ‑ kiik ig bîbk à i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko =

7/7 D|pmvdäqkq

Ikq d|pmvdäqkq qmov ikq q{lugovkq >

" Ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk qkxglv fleeìxkovk à i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko/

" Ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk qkxglv ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kqà i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko/

Pm{x pm{umlx xìpmofxk à akq w{kqvlmoq) om{q giimoq xkumlx ig ilvvìxgv{xk) ikq ìvlmimclkq fkqmaai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq à i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko) ikq bìvdmfkq{vlilqìkq kv ikq xìq{ivgvq/



<

7/8"Mhnkavleq

Omvxk mhnkavle pxloalpgi kqv fk fìvkxblokx ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikqglc{êq bìagolw{kq à i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko/

7/8/7"Mhnkavleq qpìalelw{kq

"Fìvkxblokx ikq ugxlgvlmoq ìvlmimclw{kq qkimo ikq cxm{pkq f“èck

"Ikq ugxlgvlmoq fgoq ikq fleeìxkovkq ìvlmimclkq

"Ik qktk Xgvlm

8"Xku{k fk ig ilvvìxgv{xk

I“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik kqv fìelolk ambbk {o kbpîadkbkov à ig pxmcxkqqlmo ghmxgik f{ amovko{lovkqvlogi f{ eglv f“{o mhqvgaik bìagolw{k m{ fk ig egliilvk fk i“gavlulvì b{qa{iglxklovkqvlogik/3Ik q|ofxmbk maai{qle kqv fmoa ik bmfk fk xìuìigvlmo hx{vgik kv qpkavga{iglxk m{pxmcxkqqle kv loqlflk{t f“{o ìvgv pgvdmimclw{k qm{q"ngakov w{l ko kqv ig ag{qk/ I“maai{qlmo fki“lovkqvlo cxîik kqv fìelolk ambbk {ok lovkxeìxkoak pgxvlkiik m{ ambpiävk) ilìk g{ pgqqgck fkqqkiikq à flqvgoak f{ pkvlv lovkqvlo/ A“kqv i“{ok fkq ag{qkq exìw{kovkq fkq {xckoakq ghfmblogikqglc{êq kv q“gqqmalk à {o vg{t fk bmxvgilvì kv fk bmxhlflvì ìikuì ql akig pxmcxkqqk ukxq i“lqadìblklovkqvlogik4/ I“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik fmlv îvxk fleeìxkoalìk fk i“liì{q pgxgi|vlw{k qm{ukov ilì à {okcxgofk ugxlìvì fk bmflelagvlmoq lovxg m{ ktvxg pìxlvmoìgikq lovkxeìxgov à ig bmvlilvì omxbgik kvxìqmi{ qpmovgoìbkov gpxäq gumlx gcl q{x i“gckov ag{qgi/

G{t Kvgvq " [olq ikq hxlfkq xkpxìqkovkov 30+ fkq ag{qkq f“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik q{lvk à {okigpgxmvmblk govìxlk{xk</ Ikq egavk{xq ikq bmloq ambb{oq egumxlqgovq ikq hxlfkq qmov >

Ikq fìqmxfxkq amocìolvg{t) vxg{bgvlqbk ghfmblogi ekxbì) pxmakqq{q loeigbbgvmlxk fgoqi“ghfmbko) emxbgvlmo fk hxlfkq fgoq i“gookg{ lovkxok q{lvk g{t dkxolkq loc{logikq loflxkavkq/Ig emxbgvlmo fk hxlfkq gppgxglv ik pi{q qm{ukov gpxäq adlx{xclk c|oìamimclw{k) amikavmblkghfmblogi vmvgik) xìqkavlmo ghfmblompìxloìgik) igpgxmvmblk pm{x vxg{bgvlqbk ghfmblogiekxbì m{ m{ukxv/

Ig qkamofk ag{qk ig pi{q ambb{ok > dkxolk loagxaìxìk fgoq ig xìclmo loc{logik) eìbmxgik m{ukovxgik kv akig q“mhqkxuk ik pi{q qm{ukov à i“ktgbko pd|qlw{k/

I“mhqvx{avlmo f{ cxmq lovkqvlo kqv ag{qìk ik pi{q qm{ukov pgx ikq v{bk{xq gugoaìkq f{ aöimo) ikqflukxvla{ikq f{ qlcbmífk) ik umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk kqv pk{ exìw{kov/



70

8/7"XGPPKI KBHX\MIMCLW[K

Ig pgxvlk flqvgik fk i“lovkqvlo govìxlk{x kv ig pgxvlk pxmtlbgik fk i“lovkqvlo bm|ko qmovxkqpmoqghikq fk ig ckoäqk fkq 1 pgxvlkq fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik $f{mfìo{b) nìn{o{b) liìmo,/ Akvvk nmoavlmo emxbk i“gbpm{ik fk Ugvkx/ Ig fìbgxagvlmo kovxk akq 1 pgxvlkq qk emxbk à ig 1k

qkbglok fk ulk kbhx|mooglxk/ I“lovkqvlo bm|ko emxbk g{qql ik agka{b) i“gppkoflak) ik aöimogqakofgov) ikq 8-1 f{ aöimo vxgoqukxqk/ G{ am{xq f{ fk{tläbk bmlq fk ckqvgvlmo) ikq lovkqvloqw{l q“giimockov pi{q ulvk w{k ig agulvì ghfmblogik g{cbkovk) pm{qqk {ok hm{aik dmxq f{amxfmo mbhlilagi $Elc/7,/ Ik qkcbkov dkxolk q“ìvkof f{ 7-1 flqvgi f{ f{mfìo{b à vxgukxq ikvlkxq pxmtlbgi f{ aöimo vxgoqukxqk/ Li kqv gilbkovì pgx ikq hxgoadkq fk i“gxväxk bìqkovìxlw{kq{pìxlk{xk) emxbgov i“gtk fk akvvk dkxolk/70

Ig xmvgvlmo govldmxglxk fk <0 fkcxì fk i“goqk lovkqvlogik gbäok ik f{mfìo{b à pxmtlblvì fki“lovkqvlo cxîik à ig fxmlvk f{ aöimo à ukolx/ Ikq lovkqvloq amovlo{kov à q“giimockx kvqm{fglokbkov g{ am{xq fk ig fltläbk qkbglok liq xìloväcxkov i“ghfmbko $elc/ 8,/ Ik f{mfìo{b

pgqqk fkxxläxk i“gxväxk bìqkovìxlw{k q{pìxlk{xk) ig pgxvlk ag{fgik emxbk i“liìmo flqvgi kv ikaöimo) q{lvk à {ok xmvgvlmo gtlgik fk 740 fkcxì govldmxglxk ik aöimo vxgoqukxqk qk pmxvk ko egakfk i“gxväxk kv ik f{mfìo{b/77

I“lovkqvlo pmqvìxlk{x emxbk 7-1 flqvgi f{ aöimo vxgoqukxqk) aöimo fkqakofgov) qlcbmífk) xkav{b)8-1 q{pìxlk{xq f{ agogi/

Ig emxbgvlmo f{ agogi gomxkavgi w{l qk eglv) q{lvk à i“gppgxlvlmo f“{ok amofkoqgvlmobìqkoad|bgvk{qk g{ olukg{ fk i“gocik emxbì pgx i“giigovmífk kv i“lovkqvlo pmqvìxlk{x/

Akvvk aimlqmo ìumi{k ko flxkavlmo fk ig bkbhxgok aimgagik pm{x emxbkx) {ok bkbhxgok {xm"

cìolvgik govìxlk{xk kv {ok bkbhxgok gogik pmqvìxlk{xk $Elc/1, f“mü ig emxbgvlmo f{ agogi gom"xkavgi/

Elc/7 > Fìukimppkbkov fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik) ìimocgvlmo kv xìlovìcxgvlmo fk i“lovkqvlo bm|ko



77

Elc/8 > Xkvm{x fkq goqkq lovkqvlogikq fgoq ig agulvì ghfmblogik à pgxvlx fk ig 70k qkbglok/

Elc/1 > Flgcxgbbk fk qvgfkq fk fìukimppkbkov fk i“go{q kv f{ xkav{b à pgxvlx f{ ;k à ig 70kqkbglok fk ckqvgvlmo/Kbhx|mimc| emx q{xckmoq $8of kf,/Hgivlbmxk > Sliilgbq % Slijloq) 7<<6

O/H > Umimovglxkbkov) om{q gumoq iglqqì ikq lbgckq fgoq ik{x igoc{k mxlclogik



78

8/7/7"Bgiemxbgvlmoq g{ olukg{ fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik

Akxvglokq gombgilkq pk{ukov gppgxgïvxk g{ am{xq f{ fìukimppkbkov kbhx|mooglxk

F{mfìo{b

Gvxìqlkq kv Qvìomqkq

Ig qvìomqk f{ f{mfìo{b kqv qm{ukov gqqmalìk à {o pgoaxìgq goo{iglxk m{ guka pxìqkoakfk vlqq{ ghkxxgov fgoq ig pgxml f{ f{mfìo{b/ I“gvxìqlk ambpxkof vxmlq v|pkq 76 $Elc/6, >

• V|pkq G > pxìqkoak f“{ok bkbhxgok b{w{k{qk m{ qm{q b{w{k{qk fgoq ig i{bläxk f{f{mfìo{b

• V|pk H> ig pgxvlk pxmtlbgik kv ig pgxvlk vkxblogik qk xknmlcokov pgx {o pmov elhxk{t/• V|pk A> pgq fk amookavlmo kovxk ig pgxvlk lolvlgik kv ig pgxvlk vkxblogik/

Elc/6 > V|pkq f“gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq/ Vdk f{mfko{b/ Pgxv 1 > Pgvdmimc|/ Gb Q{xc ;;$3,>65<"

631) 7<4</

Flukxvla{ikq F{mfìogikq

Ig bgnmxlvì fkq flukxvla{ikq f{mfìog{t qk xkvxm{ukov g{ om{ukg{ fk ig 8k kv ig 1k pmxvlmo f{f{mfìo{b) dghlv{kiikbkov qmilvglxk kv pgxemlq b{ivlpik) ik pi{q qm{ukov gq|bpvmbgvlw{k /7;

NKN[OM LIKMO

Gvxìqlkq kv Qvìomqkq

I“gvxìqlk lovkqvlogik amocìolvgik kqv ig ag{qk bgnk{xk f“maai{qlmo adk~ i“koegov/ Li ko ktlqvk 1v|pkq >

• V|pk G> mhqvx{avlmo ag{qìk pgx {ok bkbhxgok b{w{k{qk m{ qm{q b{w{k{qk) w{l pk{vîvxk pkxemxìk

• V|pk H> ikq pgxvlkq flqvgikq kv pxmtlbgikq qmov xkilìkq pgx {o pmov elhxk{t• V|pk A > pgq fk amookavlmo



71

F{pilagvlmo lovkqvlogik

Kiik xìq{ivk f“{ok gombgilk fk i“kofmfkxbk kv f{ bìqmfkxbk à pgxvlx fk ig 4k kv ig 87kqkbglok $Elc/ ;,/

Elc/;> F{pilagvlmo lovkqvlogik/ Gogvmblagi Ambpilagvlmo lo Ckokxgi Q{xckx|/Oks \mxj>BaCxgs"Dlii) 7<41/

Flukxvla{ik fk Bkajki

Pkxqlqvgoak f{ agogi mbpdgimbìqkovkxlw{k) Skxokx kv gi75 xgppmxvk w{k ik flukxvla{ik fkBkajki kqv ig ag{qk ig pi{q ambb{ok f“gombgilkq amocìolvgikq f{ vxgav{q cgqvxm"lovkqvlogi)ikq ambpilagvlmoq qmov ikq q{lugovkq >

• Dìbmxxgclk $qìaxìvlmo f“galfk) vlqq{ cgqvxlw{k kavmplw{k,)• Loeigbbgvlmo $qlbliglxk à i —gppkoflalvk,

• Mhqvx{avlmo lovkqvlogik $umiu{i{q) hxlfkq) lougclogvlmo,

Flukxvla{imqkq lovkqvlogikq

A“kqv ig pxìqkoak fk flukxvla{ikq g{ olukg{ fk ig b{w{k{qk lovkqvlogik/ Ig pxìugikoak kqv fk0)1"8); + alvk pgx Igock kv gi73/

8/7/7/7"Bgiemxbgvlmoq f{ aöimo

Qvìomqkq kv Gvxìqlkq

Ik bmfäik kqv ik bîbk pm{x i“lovkqvlo cxîik) kiikq qmov bmloq ambb{okq g{ olukg{ f{ cxmqlovkqvlo 6)5+74 à 77)3 + /7<Hkg{am{p pi{q fk v|pk L g{ olukg{ f{ aöimo gqakofgov kv qlcbmífk)ik aöimo vxgoqukxqk pxìqkovk pi{q fk v|pk LLL/ 80



76

Bìcgaöimo amocìolvgik gcgocilmolw{k

Li kqv fú à i“ghqkoak fk akii{ik cgocilmooglxk à {o qkcbkov flqvgi f{ aöimo $Elc/5,) ak qmov fkqakii{ikq cgocilmooglxkq ok{xkovkxlw{kq fìxluìkq fk ig axîvk ok{xgik/

Elc/5> Exìw{koak fkq qkcbkovq gcgocilmolw{kq /Kbhx|mimc| emx Q{xckmoq $8of kf/,Hgivlbmxk>

Sliilgbq % Slijloq) 7<<6

Bgipmqlvlmo f{ aöimo

Fgoq ik q|ofxmbk Adliglflvl i“gocik dìpgvlw{k qk qlv{k kovxk ik flgpdxgcbk kv ik emlk) fú à {ok

gombgilk f{ ilcgbkov dìpgvlw{k) FkPxlbg kv gi/87

kv pmqlvlmookbkov f{ aöimo ko xìvxmpqmgqPxgqqmpm{imq kv gi/88

Aöimo am{xv amocìolvgi

A“kqv ik xkbpigakbkov pgxvlki m{ ambpikv f{ aöimo pgx {ok pmadk ik pi{q qm{ukov gqqmalì à {okbgiemxbgvlmo gomxkavgik kv elqv{ik amim" {xloglxk) Sgjdi{ kv gi/81

8/7/7/8"Aigqqlelagvlmo fkq gombgilkq gomxkavgikq

Ikq bgiemxbgvlmoq gomxkavgikq $Elc/3, pk{ukov aigqqkx ko >

"bgiemxbgvlmoq gomxkavgikq dg{vkq

"bgiemxbgvlmoq gomxkavgikq lovkxbìflglxkq

"bgiemxbgvlmoq gomxkavgikq hgqqkq



7;

Elc/3> Aigqqlelagvlmo fkq gombgilkq gomxkavgikq/ $Bmflelkf exmb Xgeekoqpkxckx NC $kf,/Qskoqmo“q Pkflgvxla Q{xckx| $;vd kf,/ Omxsgij AV > Gppikvmo % Igock ) 7<<0/ Pxkpgxkf h|Jgqamv Bkflg) Loa/) emx vdk Fkpgxvbkov me Q{xckx|) Adlifxko“q Bkbmxlgi Dmqplvgi) AdlagcmLI/,/



75

8/7/7/1"Gogvmblk bgaxmqamplw{k fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik

I“lovkqvlo bkq{xk koulxmo < b kv qk flulqk ko 8 pgxvlkq> i“lovkqvlo cxîik $pkvlv lovkqvlo, kv ik

aöimo $cxmq lovkqvlo,/ I#lovkqvlo cxîik kqv {ok qvx{av{xk v{h{iglxk) guka {ok imoc{k{x bm|kookkqvlbìk à 5 bävxkq adk~ ikq gf{ivkq) w{l qk ambpmqk fk vxmlq qkcbkovq> ik f{mfìo{b) ik nìn{o{b kv i#liìmo/ Ik f{mfìo{b) ik qkcbkov ik pi{q pxmtlbgi) xìqlfk fgoq ik xìvxmpìxlvmloklbbìflgvkbkov gfngakov à ig exmovläxk fk ig vîvk kv fk ig pgxvlk loeìxlk{xk f{ amxpq f{ pgoaxìgq/Ik f{mfìo{b kqv fìilblvì fk i#kqvmbga pgx ik p|imxk kv f{ nìn{o{b pgx ik ilcgbkov fkVxklv~/ Ik nìn{o{b kv i#liìmo fgoq ig agulvì pìxlvmoìgik qmov gvvgadìq g{ xìvxmpìxlvmlok pgx {obìqkoväxk igxck/ G{a{o pmlov fk xkpäxk gogvmblw{k flqvloav ik nìn{o{b fk i“liìmo) 60+ f{qkcbkov pxmtlbgi f{ nìn{om"liìmo kqv gxhlvxglxkbkov fìelol ambbk ik nìn{o{b kv i“ktvxìblvìflqvgik fk 50+ i“liìmo/ I“liìmo kqv fìilblvì pgx ik agka{b kv pgx ig ugiu{ik liìm"amilw{k/

I#lovkqvlo cxîik amovlkov fkq xkpilq b{w{k{t amoo{q ambbk) pilagk alxa{igxkq m{ ugiu{ikqamoolukovkq w{l qmov ulqlhikq imxq fk i#ktgbko bgaxmqamplw{k/ Akq pilq qmov ìcgikbkovulqlhikq q{x xgflmcxgpdlk kv glfkov à flqvloc{kx i“lovkqvlo cxîik f{ aöimo $w{l o#ko amovlkov pgq,q{x ikq xgflmcxgpdlkq ghfmblogikq/ Akq pilq qmov pi{q lbpmxvgovq fgoq i#lovkqvlo pxmtlbgi w{kfgoq i#lovkqvlo cxîik flqvgi/ Ikq g{vxkq agxgavìxlqvlw{kq ìulfkovkq à i#loqpkavlmo fk i#lovkqvlocxîik pxmtlbgi w{k flqvgi> ambpxkof pi{q cxgofk alxamoeìxkoak) pgxml pi{q ìpglqqk) bìqkoväxkbmloq cxgq) kv pi{q fk ugqg xkavg $Elc/4,/ I#ktgbko bgaxmqamplw{k fk ig b{w{k{qk fk i#lovkqvlocxîik xìuäik ìcgikbkov fkq gcxìcgvq fk emiila{ikq i|bpdmífkq/ Akq emiila{ikq) qlv{ìq fgoqi#liìmo) qmov ikq pi{q lbpmxvgovq kv qmov fìqlcoìq qm{q ak omb) ikq pigw{kq fk Pk|kx/

Elc/4 > Gogvmblk bgaxmqamplw{k f{ nìn{o{b) fk i“liìmo bkvvgov ko ìulfkoak > pilagk alxa{igxkq)ugqg xkavg/

O/H > Umimovglxkbkov) om{q gumoq iglqqì ikq lbgckq fgoq ik{x igoc{k mxlclogik



73

8/7/7/6"Ugqa{igxlqgvlmo kv i“lookxugvlmo fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik

Ig pi{pgxv f{ f{mfìo{b vlxk qmo qgoc gxvìxlki fkq hxgoadkq) à ig emlq fkq vxmoaq aőilgw{kqkv ikq gxväxkq bìqkovìxlw{kq q{pìxlk{xkq/ Ik f{mfìo{b flqvgi) ik nìn{o{b kv i#liìmo vlxkov

ik{x qgoc gxvìxlki fk i“gxväxk bìqkovìxlw{k q{pìxlk{xk86

/ Ik{x fxglogck uklok{t qk eglv ulg iguklok bìqkovìxlw{k q{pìxlk{xk/ Ik fxglogck i|bpdgvlw{k qk eglv pgx ikq uglqqkg{ti|bpdgvlw{kq pgxgiiäikq g{t gxväxkq amxxkqpmofgovkq/ Akvvk i|bpdk kqv fxgloìk à vxgukxq ikqcgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq bìqkovìxlw{kq fk ig alvkxok fk Pkaw{kv) p{lq à vxgukxq ik agogivdmxgalw{k) kv elogikbkov fgoq ig uklok qm{q"aiguläxk cg{adk/ I#lookxugvlmo pgxgq|bpgvdlw{k kvq|bpgvdlw{k fk i#lovkqvlo cxîik kqv fìxluìk f{ okxe ugc{k kv qpigoadolw{k) xkqpkavlukbkov/86

8/7/7/;"Gogvmblk f{ aöimo

Ik cxmq lovkqvlo q#ìvkof fk ig ugiu{ik liìm"amilw{k à i#go{q/ Li kqv flulqì gogvmblw{kbkov kvemoavlmookiikbkov > ik aöimo) f{ xkav{b kv f{ agogi gogi/ Ig pgxml f{ aöimo kv f{ xkav{bambpxkookov alow am{adkq flqvloavkq> ig b{w{k{qk) ig qm{q"b{w{k{qk) ik b{qaik alxa{iglxklovìxlk{x) ik b{qaik imoclv{flogi ktvìxlk{x kv ig qìxk{qk/ Fgoq ik aöimo) ik b{qaik imoclv{flogiktvkxok kqv qìpgxì pgx vxmlq vìolg amil) w{l amoukxckov g{ pxmtlbgi kv flqvgi fk i#gooktk g{olukg{ f{ xkav{b) mü ig am{adk b{qa{iglxk imoclv{flogik ktvìxlk{xk kqv alxamoeìxkovlkiik/ Fgoqik xkav{b flqvgi) i#lovìxlk{x f{ b{qaik ilqqk am{adk e{qlmook pm{x emxbkx ik qpdloavkx gogilovkxok/ Ig pmxvlmo lovxgpìxlvmoìgik f{ aöimo kv ik vlkxq pxmtlbgi f{ xkav{b qmov am{ukxvq pgxig qìxk{qk) ig qìxk{qk kqv ghqkov g{ olukg{ f{ xkav{b bm|ko kv loeìxlk{xk/

8/7/7/5"Qlv{gvlmo f{ Aöimo

Ik aöimo ambbkoak à ig nmoavlmo fk i#liìmo vkxblogi kv ik agka{b) Ig nmoavlmo xkavmqlcbmíflkook qk vxm{uk à pk{ pxäq g{ olukg{ f{ pxmbmovmlxk qgaxì kv kqv gxhlvxglxkbkov fìaxlvambbk ik pmlov mü ikq vxmlq amil vìolg q#{olqqkov pm{x emxbkx ig am{adk ktvkxok imoclv{flogik f{b{qaik ilqqk f{ xkav{b/ Ik aåa{b kqv ig pgxvlk f{ aöimo w{l g ik pi{q cxgof flgbävxk$omxbgikbkov 3); à 4); ab, kv ig pi{q bloak pgxml b{qa{iglxk/ Ko amoqìw{koak) ik agka{b kqvik pi{q u{ioìxghik à ig pkxemxgvlmo kv bmloq u{ioìxghik à i#mhqvx{avlmo/ [o flgbävxk vxgoqukxqgiq{pìxlk{x à < ab) imxq f“{ok maai{qlmo xkpxìqkovk {o egavk{x fk xlqw{k lbpmxvgov fk oìaxmqk

flgqvgvlw{k f{ agka{b/

Ik aöimo gqakofgov kqv dghlv{kiikbkov eltì g{ xìvxmpìxlvmlok/ I#gocik dìpgvlw{k bgxw{k ikpgqqgck g{ aöimo vxgoqukxqk/ Ik aöimo vxgoqukxqk lovxg pìxlvmoìgi kqv xkigvlukbkov bmhlik) bglqkqv gvvgadì pgx ik ilcgbkov cgqvxm"amilw{k kv f{ bìqkoväxk/ Ik cxgof ìplpimmo kqv gvvgadì ài#ktvxìblvì govìxlk{xk - q{pìxlk{xk f{ aöimo vxgoqukxqk/ Akq pläakq nmlovkq ktpilw{kovi#gppgxlvlmo vxlgoc{iglxk) agxgavìxlqvlw{k f{ aöimo vxgoqukxqk mhqkxuìk pkofgov ig



74

amimqamplk/ I#gocik amilw{k cg{adk bgxw{k ig vxgoqlvlmo kovxk ik aöimo vxgoqukxqk g{ aöimofkqakof/ Ikq ilcgbkovq w{l xgvvgadkov i#gocik cg{adk kv ig xgvk pk{ukov îvxk am{xvq kv fkoqkqxkofgov fleelalik ig bmhlilqgvlmo fk akvvk eiktlmo g{ am{xq f“{ok amikavmblk fleelalik/ Ik aöimofkqakofgov kqv xkigvlukbkov eltk kv ko xìvxmpìxlvmlok/ Ik aöimo qlcbmífk kqv ig pgxvlk ig pi{q ìvxmlvkf{ cxmq lovkqvlo kv kqv ktvxîbkbkov bmhlik/ Hlko w{k ik aöimo qlcbmífk kqv dghlv{kiikbkov qlv{ì fgoq ik

w{gfxgov loeìxlk{x/ Ig xkfmofgoak kv ig bmhlilvì pk{v qk vxgf{lxk pgx {ok pgxvlk f{ aöimo qlcbmífkxìqlfgov fgoq ik w{gfxgov loeìxlk{x fxmlv8;/ Akvvk bmhlilvì ktpilw{k pm{xw{ml ik umiu{i{q kqv ig pi{qambb{ok fgoq ik aöimo qlcbmífk kv pm{xw{ml ikq bgigflkq geekavgov ik aöimo qlcbmífk) vkiq w{k igflukxvla{ilvk) pk{ukov pgxemlq pxìqkovkx fkq fm{ik{xq ghfmblogikq/ Ik agilhxk ìvxmlv f{ aöimo qlcbmífkxkof ak qkcbkov f{ cxmq lovkqvlo ik pi{q u{ioìxghik à i#mhqvx{avlmo/

8/7/7/3"Ugqa{igxlqgvlmo f{ aöimo

Ig ugqa{igxlqgvlmo gxvìxlkiik f{ aöimo kqv vxäq ugxlghik $Elc/<,/ Ko cìoìxgi) ikq hxgoadkqgxvìxlkiikq fk ig bìqkovìxlw{k q{pìxlk{xk fmov i“gxväxk liìm"amilw{k $ghqkovk fgoq 80+ fkqpkxqmookq,) w{l em{xolv ik ei{t qgoc{lo fk i“liìmo vkxblogi kv f{ aöimo pxmtlbgi gqakofgov/I#gxväxk amilw{k fxmlvk lxxlc{k ik aöimo gqakofgov) kv i“gxväxk amilw{k bm|kook gilbkovk ikaöimo vxgoqukxqk/ Ikq hxgoadkq fk i“gxväxk bìqkovìxlw{k loekxlk{xk) i#gxväxk amilw{k cg{adklxxlc{k ik aöimo fkqakofgov) ikq hxgoadkq qlcbmíflkookq gppxmulqlmookov ik aöimo qlcbmífk)kv i#gxväxk xkavgik q{pìxlk{xk lxxlc{k ik xkav{b pxmtlbgi/ Ig hxgoadk vkxblogik fk adgw{kgxväxk q#gogqvmbmqk guka ig hxgoadk vkxblogik fk i#gxväxk gfngakovk/ I“gxagfk fk Xlmigo xkilkikq vkxxlvmlxkq bìqkovìxlw{kq q{pìxlk{xq kv loekxlk{xq/

Qg{e pm{x ig uklok bìqkovìxlw{k loeìxlk{xk) ikq uklokq f{ aöimo qmov pgxgiiäikq g{t gxväxkqamxxkqpmofgovkq kv pmxvkov ig bîbk vkxblomimclk $Elc/70,/ Ig uklok bìqkovìxlw{kloeìxlk{xk bmovk ko xìvxmpìxlvmok q{x ik b{qaik f{ pqmgq kv amovlo{k pmqvìxlk{xk f{

pgoaxìgq pm{x xknmlofxk ig uklok qpiìolw{k/ Imxq f#{ok amikavmblk) akvvk uklok kqvqm{ukov bmhlilqìk fk bgoläxk lofìpkofgovk kv ilcgv{xìk g{ hmxf loeìxlk{x f{ pgoaxìgq/85



7<

Elc/< > Ugqa{igxlqgvlmo gxvìxlkiik f{ aöimo/ Pxloalpikq me q{xckx| /;vd kf/ Oks \mxj> BgaCxgs"Dlii) 7<4</

Elc/70> Fxglogck uklok{t f{ amimo/ Flckqvluk Vxgav Q{xckx|> G Vktv gof Gvigq/ Pdligfkipdlg> Ilpploamvv

Sliilgbq % Slijloq) 7<<5) p 76;</



80

8/7/7/4"Fxglogck i|bpdgvlw{k Aöimo

Ik fxglogck i|bpdgvlw{k f{ aöimo pxmulkov f#{o xìqkg{ fk uglqqkg{t i|bpdgvlw{kq fk igb{qa{iglxk b{w{k{qk/ Ikq uglqqkg{t kv ikq cgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq q{lukov ikq gxväxkqxìclmogikq/ Ikq cgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq qk vxm{ukov q{x ig pgxml lovkqvlogik $kplamilw{k,) ik imoc

fk ig bgxck lovkxok fk i#lovkqvlo gfngakov g{t gxagfkq gxvìxlkiikq $pgxgamilw{kq,) g{vm{x fkquglqqkg{t bìqkovìxlw{kq ombbìq $lovkxbìflglxkq,) kv à i#mxlclok fkq gxväxkq bìqkovìxlw{kqq{pìxlk{xkq kv loeìxlk{xkq $pxloalpgikq,/ Ikq cgocilmoq qkovlokiq qmov ikq pxkblkxq qlvkq fkbìvgqvgqkq fgoq ik agoakx f{ aöimo/ I“{vlilvì fk ig vkadolw{k f{ cgocilmo qkovloki kv f#gogi|qkfgoq ik agoakx f{ aöimo xkqvk amovxmukxqìk/

8/7/8"Lookxugvlmo Aöimo

Ik aöimo kqv lookxuì pgx fk{t q|qväbkq> q|bpgvdlw{k $lodlhlvk{x, kv pgxgq|bpgvdlw{k$qvlb{igvk{x,) ikq okxeq qmov pgxgiiäikq g{t gxväxkq/ Ikq okxeq q|bpgvdlw{kq pxmulkookov V5"V78

kv I7"I1

83

/ I#lookxugvlmo pgxgq|bpgvdlw{k f{ aöimo fxmlv kv vxgoqukxqk kqv f{ okxe ugc{k: ikqokxeq pgxgq|bpgvdlw{kq f{ aöimo cg{adk pxmulkookov fk okxeq qgaxìq Q8"Q6 pm{x emxbkx ikqokxeq ìxkavk{xq/ Ik xkav{b kqv f#koulxmo 78 à 7; ab fk imoc{k{x/ Vxmlq pilq flqvloavq qm{q"b{w{k{t) ikq ugiukq fk Dm{qvmo) q#ìvkofkov fgoq ig i{bläxk xkavgik/ Pmqvìxlk{xkbkov) ik egqalgpxìqgaxgi qìpgxk ik xkav{b f{ pxìqgaxì pikt{q uklok{t kv ikq okxeq pkiulkoq/ G Q6) ik egqalgxkavmqgaxgi $egqalg fk Sgifk|kx, q#ìvkof ukxq i#gugov kv ukxq ik hgq kv q#gvvgadk g{ egqalg pxmpxlgà ig nmoavlmo gomxkavgik/ Govìxlk{xkbkov) ik egqalg fk Fkomouliilkxq qìpgxk ik xkav{b fk igpxmqvgvk kv ikq uìqla{ikq qìblogikq adk~ ikq dmbbkq kv f{ ugclo adk~ ikq ekbbkq/

Ikq ilcgbkovq igvìxg{t qm{vlkookov ik hgq xkav{b/ Ik agogi gogi adlx{xclagi bkq{xk 8 à 6 ab

fk imoc{k{x kv kqv cìoìxgikbkov pi{q imoc{k adk~ ikq dmbbkq w{k adk~ ikq ekbbkq/ Liambbkoak à ig nmoavlmo gomxkavgik kv qk vkxblok à ig bgxck gogik/ Ig ilcok pkavloìk bgxw{kik pmlov fk vxgoqlvlmo kovxk ig b{w{k{qk xkavgik kv ig amimook kofmfkxblw{k qw{gbk{qk/ Gpgxvlx fk 7 à 8 ab fk ig b{w{k{qk) n{qvk ko gbmov fk ig ilcok pkavloìgik) i“gqpkav dlqvmimclw{kami{boglxk) a{hmífk fk i#ìplvdìil{b bgiplcdlko kqv gppkiì ig ~mok fk vxgoqlvlmo gogik/

Ig ilcok pkavloìk kqv kovm{xìk imoclv{flogikbkov pgx fkq xkpilq b{w{k{t) amoo{ qm{q ik ombfk amimookq fk Bmxcgcol) fgoq ikw{ki ikq ax|pvkq gogikq ulfkov ik{x amovko{ $Elc/71,/ Akqax|pvkq qmov ig qm{xak f#ghaäq/



87

Elc/77 > Ik xkav{b flqvgi kv ik agogi gogi/ Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|/ ;vd kf/ Oks \mxj> BaCxgs"Dlii) 7<4<) p 788</

8/7/8/7"Ugqa{igxlqgvlmo f{ xkav{b

I#gxväxk xkavgik q{pìxlk{xk pxmulkov fk ig hxgoadk vkxblogik fk i#gxväxk bìqkovìxlw{k loeìxlk{xk/Ig pxìqkoak kv ig vgliik fk akq gxväxkq qmov vxäq ugxlghikq/ I#gxväxk xkavgik loeìxlk{xk ogïv fki#gxväxk dmovk{qk lovkxok) w{l kqv {ok hxgoadk fk i#gxväxk lilgw{k lovkxok kv f“{o xladk xìqkg{ fkamiigvìxgikq xkilk ikq gxvìxlmikq vkxblogikq $Elc/78,/ Ik fxglogck uklok{t f{ xkav{b kqv pgxgiiäik

à ig ugqa{igxlqgvlmo gxvìxlkiik/ Ig uklok xkavgik q{pìxlk{xk qk nkvvk fgoq ik q|qväbk pmxvk ulg iguklok bìqkovìxlw{k loeìxlk{xk/ Ig uklok bìflgok f{ xkav{b qk nkvvk fgoq ig uklok lilgw{klovkxok/ Ig uklok loeìxlk{xk f{ xkav{b qk nkvvk fgoq ig uklok dmovk{qk lovkxok) kv koq{lvk fgoq iguklok lilgw{k lovkxok/ [o pikt{q qm{q"b{w{k{t pxmemof pm{x ikq amimookq fk Bmxcgcol emxbkik pikt{q dìbmxxmífglxk kv qk nkvvk fgoq ikq vxmlq uklokq/

8/7/8/8"Fxglogck i|bpdgvlw{k gomxkavgi

Ik fxglogck i|bpdgvlw{k f{ xkav{b kqv pgxgiiäik à ig ugqa{igxlqgvlmo/ Ikq agog{t i|bpdgvlw{kqf{ xkav{b bm|ko kv q{pìxlk{x qk ulfkov fgoq ikq cgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq bìqkovìxlw{kqq{pìxlk{xq kv loeìxlk{xq/ Ikq agog{t i|bpdgvlw{kq fgoq ig pgxvlk loeìxlk{xk f{ xkav{b qk ulfkov

à ig emlq q{pìxlk{xkbkov fgoq ikq cgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq bìqkovìxlw{kq loeìxlk{xq kvigvìxgikbkov fgoq ikq cgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq lilgw{kq lovkxokq/ Ik agogi gogi kqv {o bmfäikpi{q ambpiktk fk fxglogck i|bpdgvlw{k/ G pxmtlblvì fk ig ilcok pkavloìk) ig i|bpdk kqvfxgloìk à ig emlq fgoq ikq cgocilmoq bìqkovìxlw{kq loekxlk{xq kv ikq cgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kqlilgw{kq lovkxokq/ Ko gugi fk ig ilcok pkavloìk) ig i|bpdk kqv fxgloìk pxloalpgikbkov fgoq ikqcgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq loc{log{t) bglq pk{ukov ìcgikbkov qk fìukxqkx fgoq ikq cgocilmoqi|bpdgvlw{kq bìqkovìxlw{kq loeìxlk{xq kv fgoq ikq cgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq lilgw{kq lovkxokq/



88

8/7/8/1"Lookxugvlmo Gomxkavgik

Ikq fk{t okxeq q|bpgvdlw{kq kv pgxgq|bpgvdlw{kq lookxukov ig xìclmo gomxkavgik/ Ikq elhxkqokxuk{qkq q|bpgvdlw{kq qmov lqq{q fk I7"I1 kv xknmlofxk ik pikt{q pxìgmxvlw{k/ Ikq elhxkq

okxuk{qkq pxìgmxvlw{kq p{lq q#ìvkofkov ko fkqqm{q fk i#gmxvk pm{x emxbkx ik pikt{qd|pmcgqvxlw{k) w{l xknmlov pgx ig q{lvk ikq elhxkq pgxgq|bpgvdlw{kq pm{x emxbkx ik pikt{qpkiulko/ Ikq elhxkq okxuk{qkq pgxgq|bpgvdlw{kq qmov amoo{kq ambbk ikq okxeq ìxkavk{xq kvpxmulkookov fk Q8"Q6/ Akq elhxkq qk nmlcokov à fkq elhxkq q|bpgvdlw{kq pm{x emxbkx ik pikt{qpkiulko/ Ikq elhxkq q|bpgvdlw{kq kv pgxgq|bpgvdlw{kq p{lq lookxukov i#gomxkav{b kv ikq mxcgokqcìolvm"{xloglxkq gfngakovq/

Ik qpdloavkx gogi lovkxok kqv lookxuì pgx ikq elhxkq okxuk{qkq q|bpgvdlw{kq kvpgxgq|bpgvdlw{kq: fk{t v|pkq fk elhxkq lodlhkov ig amovxgavlmo f{ qpdloavkx/ Ik qpdloavkx gogiktvkxok kv fkq b{qaikq p{hm qmov lookxuìq pgx ig hxgoadk loeìxlk{xk f{ xkav{b kv f{ okxe dmovk{t lovkxok/ Ik xkikuk{x fk i#go{q xkãmlv {ok lookxugvlmo à ig emlq f{ okxe dmovk{t lovkxok kv

ikq q{aa{xqgikq flxkavkq fk Q1 à Q;/ I#lookxugvlmo qkoqlvluk f{ agogi gogi kqv em{xolk pgx ighxgoadk loeìxlk{xk f{ xkav{b f{ okxe p{fkofgi/ Gimxq w{k ik xkav{b kqv xkigvlukbkov loqkoqlhik)ik agogi gogi ko fkqqm{q fk ig ilcok pkavloìk kqv qkoqlhik /

84

Elc/78 > Ugqa{igxlqgvlmo gxvìxlkiik f{ xkav{b kv f{ agogi gogi/ Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|/; vd kf/ Oks

\mxj>BaCxgs"Dlii) 7<4<) p 7810/

O/H > Umimovglxkbkov) om{q gumoq iglqqk ikq lbgckq fgoq ik{x igoc{k mxlclogik



81

8/8"Dlqvmimclk

Ig pgxml fk i#lovkqvlo cxîik qk ambpmqk fk w{gvxk am{adkq flqvloavkq> ig b{w{k{qk) ig qm{q"b{w{k{qk) ig b{qa{ik{qk kv ig qìxk{qk $Elc/ 71,/ Ig b{w{k{qk kqv ig am{adk ig pi{q pxmemofk)kiik qk ambpmqk fk vxmlq am{adkq> i#ìplvdìil{b) ig igblog pxmpxlg) kv b{qa{igxlq

b{amqgk/ I#ìplvdìil{b kqv ktpmqì à ig i{bläxk lovkqvlogik) li kqv ig q{xegak à vxgukxq igw{kiiki#ghqmxpvlmo kv ig qìaxìvlmo fgoq ig i{bläxk qk pxmf{lv/

Ig igblog pxmpxlg kqv qlv{ìk lbbìflgvkbkov à i#ìplvdìil{b ktvkxok kv qk ambpmqk fk vlqq{amonmoavle kv {ok pmp{igvlmo dìvìxmcäok fk akii{ikq/ Kiik kqv fìilblvìk pgx ig qm{q"b{w{k{qk)pi{q ktvkxok : pgx ig b{qa{iglxk b{w{k{qk) {ok bloak ek{liik fk akii{ikq b{qa{iglxkq ilqqkq/ Igb{w{k{qk kqv mxcgolqìk ko uliimqlvìq kv fkq ax|pvkq $ax|pvkq fk Ilkhkxjùdo,/ Ikq uliimqlvìqqmov fkq fmlcvq fk i#ìplvdìil{b kv fk ig igblog pxmpxlg qm{q"ngakovk w{l amovlkookov ikquglqqkg{t qgoc{loq kv i|bpdgvlw{k $ad|ileäxkq, w{l q“ìvkofkov fgoq ig i{bläxk lovkqvlogik/

Ig pxmileìxgvlmo fkq akii{ikq ìplvdìilgikq lovkqvlogikq kqv amoeloìk à fkq ax|pvkq) fmov adga{ok

pmxvk {o xkakoqkbkov ko bm|kook fk 8;0 à 100 akii{ikq/ Ikq akii{ikq ìplvdìilgikq g{ olukg{ fkadgw{k ax|pvk qmov fìxluìkq f#{o ombhxk loamoo{ fk akii{ikq koamxk omo agxgavìxlqìkq qm{adkqb{ivlpmvkovkq qlv{ìkq ià m{ g{pxäq fk ig hgqk fk ig ax|pvk/ Ik{xq fkqakofgovq lbbìflgvq qmovgbpilelìq ko q{hlqqgov pi{qlk{xq a|aikq fk flulqlmo xgplfk/ Akq fkqakofgovq) pxkookov {okocgckbkov à qk fleeìxkoalkx ik imoc f#{ok fkq w{gvxk umlk w{l elolv pgx aìfkx fkqkovìxma|vkq $ cmhkikvq ,) kovìxmkofmaxlokq) kv ikq akii{ikq fk Pgokvd/

G i#ktakpvlmo fkq akii{ikq fk Pgokvd) akq ilcoìkq vkxblokov ik{x fleeìxkoalgvlmo vkxblogik imxqf#{ok blcxgvlmo gqakofgovk fk adgw{k ax|pvk pm{x uliimqlvìq gfngakovkq/ Ik vxgnkv fk ig ax|pvk àig pmlovk fkq uliimqlvìq kqv vkxbloì ko 8 à ; nm{xq kv qk vkxblok guka fkq akii{ikq ìvgov koikuì pgxgpmpvmqk kv - m{ ktemilgvlmo/ Gloql) i#ìplvdìil{b fk i#lovkqvlo cxîik qk xkom{ukiik ko amovlo{) ak

w{l ko eglv i#{o fkq vlqq{q ikq pi{q f|ogblw{kq fk i#mxcgolqbk/ Ik vg{t fk xmvgvlmo ìikuì fkakii{ikq amovxlh{k à ig xìqlilkoak fkq b{w{k{qkq) bglq g{qql xkof i#lovkqvlo qkoqlhik à akxvglokqemxbkq fk hikqq{xkq) ambbk akiik lof{lvk pgx ikq xg|moq/8<

Ikq kovìxma|vkq qmov ikq akii{ikq pxìfmblogovkq f#ghqmxpvlmo fk i#ìplvdìil{b lovkqvlogi/ Ik{xbkbhxgok gplagik $i{bko"egak, amovlkov fkq ko~|bkq flckqvlukq qpìalgilqìkq) fkq bìagolqbkqvxgoqpmxvk{xq) kv fk blaxmuliimqlvìq w{l qmov kqvlbìq à g{cbkovkx ig q{xegak f#ghqmxpvlmo fki#lovkqvlo cxîik n{qw{#à 60 emlq/ Ikq akii{ikq agilalemxbkq pxmf{lqkov fk ig b{alok w{l qkbhik nm{kx {o xöik fgoq ig fìekoqk fk ig b{w{k{qk amovxk ikq pgvdmcäokq/ Akq akii{ikqkovìxmkofmaxlokq qmov agxgavìxlqìkq pgx fkq cxgo{ikq fk qìaxìvlmo) amovkogov fkq gckovq fkxìcikbkovgvlmo/

Ikq akii{ikq fk Pgokvd qmov qlv{ìkq à ig hgqk fk ig ax|pvk kv amovlkookov fkq cxgo{ikq fkqìaxìvlmo amovkogov fkq egavk{xq fk axmlqqgoak) fkq ko~|bkq flckqvlukq kv fkq pkpvlfkqgovlblaxmhlkoq/ Ko m{vxk) i#ìplvdìil{b lovkqvlogi amovlkov fkq akii{ikq B kv fkq i|bpdma|vkqlovxg"ìplvdìilg{t/ 10Ig qm{q"b{w{k{qk qk ambpmqk fk vlqq{ amonmoavle fkoqk kv f#{ok pmp{igvlmodìvìxmcäok fk akii{ikq) | ambpxlq ikq ik{ama|vkq kv ikq elhxmhigqvkq/ Ig qm{q"b{w{k{qk amovlkovìcgikbkov {o ugqvk xìqkg{ fk uglqqkg{t ugqa{iglxkq kv i|bpdgvlw{kq) fkq elhxkq okxuk{qkq kv ikq



86

akii{ikq cgocilmooglxkq fk ig qm{q"b{w{k{t $fk Bklqqokx, pikt{q/ Ig b{qa{ik{qk qk ambpmqkf#{ok am{adk fk elhxkq b{qa{iglxkq ilqqkq) ko ktvkxok mxlkovìk imoclv{flogikbkov kv {okam{adk lovkxok mxlkovìk alxa{iglxkbkov/ Ikq akii{ikq cgocilmooglxkq fk ig b|kovìxlw{k $pikt{qf#G{kxhgad, qmov qlv{ìkq à i“lovkxegak fk akq am{adkq/ Ig qìxk{qk kqv amoqvlv{ìk f#{ok qk{ikam{adk fk akii{ikq bìqmvdìilgikq kv kqv {ok ambpmqgovk f{ pìxlvmlok ulqaìxgi/

Elc/71 > Ikq fleeìxkovkq am{adkq fk ig pgxml fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik/

8/7/8/;"Aigqqlelagvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq

• Qkimo ik{x imagilqgvlmo) mo pgxik f“maai{qlmo dg{vk m{ hgqqk17 : i“maai{qlmo dg{vk kqv{ok maai{qlmo g{ olukg{ f{ cxîik : i“maai{qlmo hgqqk kqv {ok maai{qlmo f{ agfxk amilw{km{ g{ fkqqm{q fk aki{l"al/

• Qkimo ik{x bìagolqbk) mo flqvloc{k >

" ikq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq bìagolw{kq

" ikq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq emoavlmookiikq

" ikq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq bltvkq

Aigqqlelagvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq bìagolw{kq

• Maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq bìagolw{kq pgx mhqvx{avlmo• Maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq bìagolw{kq pgx qvxgoc{igvlmo



8;

8/1/7"Maai{qlmoq bìagolw{kq pgx mhv{xgvlmo

Akq maai{qlmoq qmov ilìkq à {o mhqvgaik w{l mhqvx{k ig i{bläxk lovkqvlogik kv li pk{v q“gclx >

"f“{ok mhv{xgvlmo fk ig i{bläxk lovkqvlogik pgx blcxgvlmo f“{o amxpq ìvxgockx fk ogv{xk flukxq

m{ f“{ok iìqlmo imagik pxìktlqvgovk $v{bk{xq) hì~mgxfq) pgxgqlvkq,"f“{o xìvxìalqqkbkov fk ig i{bläxk lovkqvlogik) fú à {o ìpglqqlqqkbkov q{lvk à {ok xìgavlmoloeigbbgvmlxk $xìvxgavlmo qaiìxk{qk) alagvxlak goalkook,/

"f“{ok pxmileìxgvlmo f“{ok v{bk{x g{ olukg{ fk ig pgxml lovkqvlogik

"f“{ok ambpxkqqlmo ktvxloqäw{k pgx {ok iìqlmo v{bmxgik

8/1/8"Maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq bìagolw{kq pgx qvxgoc{igvlmo

Ikq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq pgx qvxgoc{igvlmo mov ko ambb{o ik agxgaväxk ambpikv fk

i“maai{qlmo) qmo lxxìukxqlhlilvì ko i“ghqkoak fk vxglvkbkov adlx{xclagi m{ kofmqamplklovkxukovlmookiik pk{ukov ghm{vlx à ig oìaxmqk kv à ig pkxemxgvlmo) ig bmxvgilvì kqv ambpxlqkkovxk 1"; + imxqw{k i“lovkqvlo kqv ulghik gpxäq ig ikuìk f“mhqvgaik/

Ig qvxgoc{igvlmo pk{v qk pxmf{lxk >

• pgx vmxqlmo > a“kqv ig vmxqlmo fk i“goqk g{vm{x fk qmo gtk $umiu{i{q,• pgx hxlfkq > gfdìxkoak kovxk i“goqk kv ik pìxlvmlok m{ gfdìxkoak kovxk ulqaäxk pgx

lov{qq{qakpvlmo f“{o qkcbkov lovkqvlogi fgoq {o g{vxk $lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik,• pgx ìvxgocikbkov g{ olukg{ f“{o mxlelak dkxolglxk

8/1/6" Ikq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq emoavlmookiikq

Ak qmov fkq maai{qlmoq xkeiktkq) emoavlmookiikq ok amxxkqpmofkov à g{a{ok iìqlmo18/ Kiikq qmovilìkq à {ok lodlhlvlmo fk ig bmvxlalvì lovkqvlogik fk egãmo qpgqbmflw{k m{ ig pxìqkoak f“{o liì{qpgxgi|vlw{k/

• Qpgqbmflw{k > pgx amovxgav{xk imagilqìk) ìikavluk f“{o qkcbkov lovkqvlogi kv w{lpxmumw{k {ok xìf{avlmo f{ agilhxk fk i“lovkqvlo/

• Liì{q pgxgi|vlw{k > a“kqv {ok ghmilvlmo fk ig bmvxlalvì lovkqvlogik f{k à i“ktalvgvlmo fkqelhxkq lodlhlvxlakq f{ q|qväbk ugcmq|bpgvdlw{k $vxm{hik lmolw{k) loeigbbgvmlxkq)loekavlk{qkq,/



85

8/1/; " Maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq bltvkq

Pm{x xkofxk pgxeglv ik q|ofxmbk maai{qle) ik pi{q qm{ukov li | g gqqmalgvlmo fk akq fk{tbìagolqbkq $bìagolw{kq kv emoavlmookiq,

8/6"Pd|qlmimclk fk i“lovkqvlo

Ikq gilbkovq locäxäq fmlukov q{hlx {ok flckqvlmo pxìgighik pm{x îvxk vxgoqemxbìq ko ambpmqìqq{qakpvlhikq f“îvxk ghqmxhìq pgx i“govdìxma|vkq/ Ig flckqvlmo g ilk{ kqqkovlkiikbkov fgoq igi{bläxk lovkqvlogik bglq g{qql fgoq ig hmxf{xk ko hxmqqk kv fgoq ik a|vmpigqbk kovìxma|vglxkcxèak g{t ko~|bkq fkq qìaxìvlmoq flckqvlukq m{ fk ig hmxf{xk ko hxmqqk fkq akii{ikqìplvdìilgikq /11Ikq o{vxlbkovq qmov kqqkovlkiikbkov ghqmxhìq pgx umlk vxgoqakii{iglxk) kovxgukxqgov ig bkbhxgok gplagik) ik a|vmpigqbk kovìxma|vglxk kv ikq bkbhxgokq hgqmigvìxgikqgugov f“îvxk fxgloìq pgx umlk qgoc{lok m{ i|bpdgvlw{k/ Ig vxgukxqìk fkq bkbhxgokq qk eglv pgxvxgoqpmxv gavle m{ egalilvk cxèak à fkq pxmvìlokq fk vxgoqpmxv qpìalelw{kq/ I“kg{) ikq ìikavxmi|vkq

kv akxvglokq bmiìa{ikq fk pkvlvkq vgliikq qmov) ko pgxvlk) ghqmxhìq pgx umlk pgxgakii{iglxk/ Ikq nmoavlmoq qkxxìkq w{l amovxöikov akvvk umlk) qmov qm{blqkq à fleeìxkovq q|qväbkq fk xìc{igvlmoeglqgov lovkxukolx i“mqbmigxlvì fk i“kqpgak lovkxakii{iglxk) ig amoakovxgvlmo lovxgi{blogik fkakxvgloq o{vxlbkovq kv i“gavlulvì fk akxvgloq xìakpvk{xq m{ vxgoqpmxvk{xq bkbhxgoglxkq/

8/6/7"Ghqmxpvlmo f“kg{) f#ìikavxmi|vkq kv ig qìaxìvlmo

D{lv à ok{e ilvxkq fk ilw{lfk kovxkov fgoq i“lovkqvlo cxîik w{mvlflkookbkov $Elc/76,/ Igpi{pgxv fk ak umi{bk qk ambpmqk fk qìaxìvlmoq qgiluglxkq) cgqvxlw{kq) hlilglxkq) f{ pgoaxìgqkv fk i“lovkqvlo/ Fgoq fkq amoflvlmoq omxbgikq) i#lovkqvlo cxîik ghqmxhk pi{q fk 40+ fk akilw{lfk) ko iglqqgov koulxmo 7); I w{l pìoävxk fgoq ik aöimo/ I“ghqmxpvlmo kv ig qìaxìvlmo g{

olukg{ fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik qmov qvxlavkbkov xìcikbkovìkq: ik fìqìw{lilhxk d|fxm"ìikavxmi|vlw{kpk{v ag{qkx fk cxgofk vxm{hik f“dmbìmqvgqlk/

I#ghqmxpvlmo f#kg{ qk eglv pgx ikq cxgflkovq mqbmvlw{kq axìkov pxloalpgikbkov pgx i#ghqmxpvlmogavluk vxgoqìplvdìilgik fk Og */ Ig qìaxìvlmo lovkqvlogik f#kg{) ko xkugoadk) kqv qm{pãmooìkf#îvxk kovxgïoìk pgx ikq cxgflkovq mqbmvlw{kq axìkov pxloalpgikbkov pgx ig qìaxìvlmovxgoqìplvdìilgik fk Ai "/ Ik vxgoqpmxv fk i#kg{ g{ olukg{ fk i“lovkqvlo pk{v qk pxmf{lv pgx igumlk vxgoqakii{iglxk1;) ikq bìagolqbkq qpìalelw{kq fk vxgoqpmxv ok qmov pgq ambpiävkbkovagxgavìxlqìq/ Ikq gw{gpmxlokq $agog{t f#kg{, qmov ktpxlbìkq fgoq i#ìplvdìil{b lovkqvlogi)bglq ik{x amovxlh{vlmo i#ghqmxpvlmo lovkqvlogik f#kg{ cimhgik qkbhik îvxk xkigvlukbkov blok{xk/Ik bmfäik f“ghqmxpvlmo f{ Og* g{ olukg{ fk i“ìplvdìil{b lovkqvlogi/ I“gavlulvì ko~|bgvlw{kOg * - J * GVPgqk) w{l kqv qlv{ì fgoq ig bkbhxgok hgqmigvìxgik kv fkq ìadgockq vxmlq Og*lovxgakii{iglxk pm{x fk{t J ktvxgakii{iglxk fgoq {o pxmakqq{q fìpkofgov fk i#ìokxclk) cìoäxkpgx {o cxgflkov ìikavxmadlblw{k w{l kovxgïok ik vxgoqpmxv fk Og * fk ig i{bläxk lovkqvlogik fgoqik a|vmpigqbk fkq kovìxma|vkq/



83

Ikq lmoq Og* vxgukxqkov ig bkbhxgok gplagik à vxgukxq pi{qlk{xq bìagolqbkq flqvloavq) |ambpxlq ik vxgoqpmxvk{x fk o{vxlbkov am{piì g{ vxgoqpmxv fk qmfl{b $pgx ktkbpik) fk ci{amqkqmfl{b amvxgoqpmxvk{x"7) QCIV7, ikq agog{t fk qmfl{b kv ik qmfl{bd|fxmcäok ìadgock{xq$ODKQ,/ [ok emlq ghqmxhì ikq lmoq Og * qmov koq{lvk ktvx{fìq à pgxvlxf#kovìxma|vkq pgx ig Og * - J * GVPgqk qlv{ìk fgoq ig bkbhxgok hgqmigvìxgik $Elc/76,/ Akq

bìagolqbkq qmov qlbliglxkq g{t bmfäikq w{l ambpvkov pm{x ik vxgoqpmxvfkq lmoq f#g{vxkq ambb{okq vkiikq w{k J * kv DAM1" ktlqvkov ìcgikbkov/16

Elc/76 > Vxgoqpmxv fk i“kg{ g{ olukg{ fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik

8/6/8"Flckqvlmo kv Ghqmxpvlmo fkq ci{alfkq

Koulxmo 6;+ fk ig amoqmbbgvlmo f#ìokxclk fgoq ik xìclbk gilbkovglxk qk ambpmqkfk ci{alfkq) fmov koulxmo ig bmlvlì kqv qm{q ig emxbk f#gblfmo $pmi|bäxkq iloìglxkq m{xgblelìq fk ci{amqk, fìxluìq fkq aìxìgikq kv fkq pigovkq/ G{vxkq qm{xakq lbpmxvgovkq fk ci{alfkqgilbkovglxkq) ambpxkookov ikq q{axkq fìxluìq f{ iglv $igavmqk,) ex{lvq kv iìc{bkq $ex{avmqk)ci{amqk kv qgaadgxmqk, m{ p{xlelìq à pgxvlx fk ig agook à q{axk m{ fk hkvvkxguk $qgaadgxmqk,/ Ikqgilbkovq vxgoqemxbìq amovlkookov {ok ugxlìvì fk q{axkq) | ambpxlq ik ex{avmqk) ikqmilcmqgaadgxlfkq kv pmi|qgaadgxlfkq/ Ik ci|amcäok fìxluì fk ig ulgofk ok xkpxìqkovkw{#{ok pkvlvk exgavlmo fkq ci{alfkq gilbkovglxkq/ I“gb|igqk pgoaxìgvlw{k kqv ig pxloalpgikko~|bk fk ig flckqvlmo fk i#gblfmo) hlko w{k i#gb|igqk qgiluglxk lolvlk ik pxmakqq{q/ Ikqpxmf{lvq vkxblog{t fk ig flckqvlmo fk i#gblfmo qmov fkq milcmqgaadgxlfkq) bgivmvxlmqk) ikbgivmqk) kv i#gipdg"fktvxlokq ilblvkq $Elc7;,/

Akq pxmf{lvq) gloql w{k ikq flqgaadgxlfkq bgnk{xq fgoq i#gilbkovgvlmo $qgaadgxmqk kv ik igavmqk,)qmov loagpghikq fk qk qm{bkvvxk à i#ghqmxpvlmo fgoq ik{xq emxbkq lovgavkq/ Liq fmlukovf#ghmxf q{hlx {o ailugck d|fxmi|vlw{k fgoq ik{xq amoqvlv{vleq bmomqgaadgxlfkq/ Akqxìgavlmoq d|fxmi|vlw{kq qmov agvgi|qìkq pgx ikq d|fxmigqkq qpìalelw{kq fk ig bkbhxgok fk ighmxf{xk ko hxmqqk w{l qmov ktpxlbìq ik pi{q ghmofgbbkov fgoq ikq uliimqlvìq f{ f{mfìo{b kvf{ nìn{o{b/ Ikq vxmlq bmomqgaadgxlfkq bgnk{xq w{k xkpxìqkovkov ikq pxmf{lvq vkxblog{t fk igflckqvlmo fkq ci{alfkq qmov ik ci{amqk) ik cgigavmqk kv ik ex{avmqk/1;



84

Elc/7; > Ghqmxpvlmo fkq kv flckqvlmo fkq ci{alfkq/

8/6/1"Flckqvlmo kv ghqmxpvlmo fkq pxmvìlokq

Ikq pxmvìloìkq xkpxìqkovkov ko bm|kook 70 à 7;+ fk ig amoqmbbgvlmo f#ìokxclk fgoqik xìclbk gilbkovglxk maalfkovgi/ Ig bmlvlì fk ig adgxck pxmvìlw{k w{l pìoävxk fgoq i#lovkqvlocxîik kqv fìxluìk fk qm{xakq kofmcäokq) | ambpxlq ikq qìaxìvlmoq qgiluglxkq kv cgqvxm"lovkqvlogikqkv ikq akii{ikq ìplvdìilgikq lovkqvlogikq fkqw{gbìkq/ Ig flckqvlmo fkq pxmvìlokq ambbkoak fgoqi#kqvmbga guka i#gavlmo fkq pkpqlokq/ Ig flckqvlmo qk pm{xq{lv fgoq ik f{mfìo{b guka ikqgavlmoq f#{ok ugxlìvì fk pkpvlfgqkq f{ pgoaxìgq/ Akq ko~|bkq qmov qìaxìvìkq qm{q emxbk fk pxmko~|bkq logavlukq) ak w{l kqv ko amovxgqvk guka i“gb|igqk kv ig ilpgqk pgoaxìgvlw{k) w{l qmovqìaxìvìkq fgoq ik{xq emxbkq gavlukq/

Ko xìpmoqk à ig pxìqkoak f#galfkq hlilglxkq) i“kovìxmjlogqk kqv ilhìxìk fk ig bkbhxgok fk ighmxf{xk ko hxmqqk lovkqvlogi pm{x agvgi|qkx ig vxgoqemxbgvlmo f{ vx|pqlomcäok ko vx|pqlok gavlukw{l à qmo vm{x) gavlmook kiik"bîbk f#g{vxkq pxmvìgqkq/

Ikq pxmf{lvq elog{t fk ig flckqvlmo fkq pxmvìlokq ko lovxgi{blogik amoqlqvkov ko galfk gbloìok{vxk kv hgqlw{k kv fkq pkpvlfkq fk fk{t à qlt galfkq gbloìq fk imoc{k{x $Elc/75,/ Igflckqvlmo q{ppiìbkovglxk qk pxmf{lv à vxgukxq ikq gavlmoq fkq pkpvlfgqkq w{l ktlqvkov fgoq ighmxf{xk ko hxmqqk fkq kovìxma|vkq kv ik a|vmpigqbk/ I#ghqmxpvlmo ìplvdìilgik qk pxmf{lv pm{x ikqfk{t galfkq gbloìq qlbpikq kv fl m{ vxlpkpvlfkq ulg fkq vxgoqpmxvk{xq qpìalelw{kq ilìq à igbkbhxgok/ Gpxäq ik{x ghqmxpvlmo ikq galfkq gbloìq kv ikq pkpvlfkq pìoävxkov fgoq ig

alxa{igvlmo uklok{qk pmxvgik/15

Fk vm{q ikq galfkq gbloìq) ig ci{vgblok qkbhik îvxk {ok {olw{k qm{xak f#ìokxclk bgnk{xk pm{xikq kovìxma|vkq/ I“ghqmxpvlmo fk ci{vgblok fgoq ikq kovìxma|vkq qk pxmf{lv à vxgukxq fkqbìagolqbkq fk vxgoqpmxv à ig emlq gplagi kv hgqmigvìxgi/



8<

Elc/75 > Flckqvlmo kv ghqmxpvlmo fkq pxmvìlokq

8/6/6"Flckqvlmo kv ghqmxpvlmo fkq cxglqqkq

Koulxmo 60+ f{ xìclbk gilbkovglxk maalfkovgi kqv amoqvlv{ì fk bgvläxkq cxgqqkq/ Pi{q fk<;+ fkq cxglqqkq gilbkovglxkq kqv qm{q ig emxbk fk vxlci|aìxlfkq à adgïok imoc{k) ikxkqvk ambpxkof fkq pdmqpdmilplfkq ambbk ig iìalvdlok) fkq galfkq cxgq) f{ admikqvìxmi kv fkqulvgblokq ilpmqmi{hikq/ Ig cxglqqk locìxìk kqv amoukxvlk ko {ok ìb{iqlmo pgx ikq gavlmoqbìagolw{kq fk ig bgqvlagvlmo kv ik pìxlqvgivlqbk govxgi/ Hlko w{k ig ilpmi|qk fkq vxlci|aìxlfkqko galfkq cxgq kv bmomci|aìxlfkq qmlv lolvlìk fgoq i#kqvmbga pgx ig ilpgqk cgqvxlw{k) qmoqlvk pxloalpgi kqv i#lovkqvlo pxmtlbgi) mü ig ilpgqk pgoaxìgvlw{k kqv ik agvgi|qk{x $Elc/73,/13

Ikq galfkq hlilglxkq gclqqkov ambbk fkq fìvkxckovq) ko emxbgov fkq blakiikq bltvkq guka ikqpxmf{lvq fk ig ilpmi|qk pm{x egalilvkx ik{x qmi{hlilqgvlmo fgoq i#kg{/ Akq blakiikq qmov fkqgcxìcgvq pmi|bmiìa{iglxkq) amovkogov {o om|g{ d|fxmpdmhk kv {ok q{xegak d|fxmpdlik w{lgclqqkov ambbk fkq ogukvvkq) ig iluxglqmo fkq pxmf{lvq fk ig ilpmi|qk à ig bkbhxgok fk hmxf{xkko hxmqqk fkq kovìxma|vkq/ Ig flqqmalgvlmo fkq ilplfkq fkq blakiikq qk pxmf{lv fgoq {ok bloakam{adk f#kg{ $;0 à ;00 b f#ìpglqqk{x, guka {o blaxm koulxmookbkov galfk lbbìflgvkbkovgfngakov à ig hmxf{xk ko hxmqqk gppkiìk ig am{adk f#kg{ omo gclvìk/ Ig pi{pgxv fkq ilplfkq qmovghqmxhìq fgoq ik nìn{o{b pxmtlbgi) gimxq w{k ikq qkiq hlilglxkq qmov ghqmxhìq fgoq i#liìmo flqvgi

à vxgukxq {o pxmakqq{q gavle/ Ikq pxmvìlokq ko galfkq cxgq $EGHP,) {ok pxmvìlok imagilqìk fgoq igbkbhxgok fk hmxf{xk ko hxmqqk) egalilvk ig flee{qlmo fk ig imoc{k adgïok f#galfkq cxgq à vxgukxqig bkbhxgok fk hmxf{xk ko hxmqqk/ Ik Admikqvìxmi vxgukxqk ig bkbhxgok fk ig hmxf{xk kohxmqqk cxèak à {o pxmakqq{q gavle w{l o#kqv pgq koamxk ambpiävkbkov agxgavìxlqì/ Fgoq ikqkovìxma|vkq) ikq vxlci|aìxlfkq qmov xkq|ovdìvlqìq kv loamxpmxìq fgoq ikq ad|imblaxmoq w{l qmovqìaxìvìq fgoq ikq i|bpdgvlw{kq lovkqvlog{t kv vmbhkov fgoq ik agogi vdmxgalw{k/ Fgoq akqad|imblaxmoq) ikq ilpmpxmvìlokq nm{kov {o xöik fk fìvkxckov ambbk qlbliglxk à aki{l qkxul pgx



10

ikq qkiq hlilglxkq fgoq ikq blakiikq bltvkq/ Liq qmov flxkavkbkov ghqmxhìq kv pìoävxkov fgoq igalxa{igvlmo uklok{qk pmxvgik pi{vöv w{k ikq uglqqkg{t i|bpdgvlw{kq/ Akvvk loemxbgvlmo em{xolv ig n{qvlelagvlmo fk i#gfblolqvxgvlmo fk q{ppiìbkovq o{vxlvlmookiq amovkogov vxlci|aìxlfkq à adgïokbm|kook pm{x ikq pgvlkovq gvvklovq fk bgigflkq cgqvxm"lovkqvlogikq gqqmalìkq à {ok bg{uglqkflckqvlmo kv - m{ {ok bgighqmxpvlmo fkq vxlci|aìxlfkq à adgïok imoc{k/

Elc/73 > Flckqvlmo kv ghqmxpvlmo fkq cxglqqkq

8/6/;"Ghqmxpvlmo fkq ulvgblokq kv fkq bloìxg{t

Ig bgighqmxpvlmo fk ig ulvgblok H78 $amhgigblok, pk{v xìq{ivkx f#{ok ugxlìvì fkbgolp{igvlmoq adlx{xclagikq/ Ig ulvgblok H78 kqv f#ghmxf ilìk pgx fkq pxmvìlokq X/ Fgoq ikf{mfìo{b) ig pxmvìlok X kqv d|fxmi|qìk pgx ikq ko~|bkq pgoaxìgvlw{kq) pkxbkvvgov igamhgigblok ilhxk fk qk ilkx g{t akii{ikq pgxlìvgikq cgqvxlw{kq) egavk{x fìxluì lovxloqäw{k/ Ikambpiktk egavk{x lovxloqäw{k"amhgigblok kqv agpghik f#ìadgppkx à i#d|fxmi|qk pgx ikq ko~|bkqpgoaxìgvlw{kq) i{l pkxbkvvgov f#gvvklofxk i#liìmo vkxblogi) w{l ktpxlbk fkq xìakpvk{xqqpìalelw{kq fk egavk{x lovxloqäw{k/

Ikq ìuìokbkovq pmqvìxlk{xq à i#ghqmxpvlmo fk ig amhgigblok qmov bgi agxgavìxlqìq) bglq ik

ambpiktk lovgavk kovxk ikq kovìxma|vkq qgoq fm{vk pgx ig vxgoqimagvlmo/ Pgxak w{k adga{ok fk akqìvgpkq kqv oìakqqglxk pm{x i#gqqlbligvlmo fk ig amhgigblok) ig xìqkavlmo cgqvxlw{k) h|pgqqcgqvxlw{k) kv {ok xìqkavlmo liìgik pk{v îvxk ik xìq{ivgv fgoq i#loq{eelqgoak ko ulvgblok H78/ ikqg{vxkq ulvgblokq d|fxmqmi{hikq pm{x ikqw{kiq fkq pxmakqq{q fk vxgoqpmxv pmxvk à bìflgvlmo movìvì agxgavìxlqìkq omvgbbkov i#galfk gqamxhlw{k) galfk emilw{k) vdlgblok) xlhmeigulok) galfkpgovmvdìolw{k kv ig hlmvlok/ Ikq ulvgblokq ilpmqmi{hikq G) F kv K qkbhikov îvxk ghqmxhìq pgxflee{qlmo pgqqluk/ Ig ulvgblok J qkbhik îvxk ghqmxhìk pgx flee{qlmo pgqqluk/



17

Ik agial{b kqv ghqmxhì pgx ik vxgoqpmxv vxgoqakii{iglxk kv ig flee{qlmo pgxgakii{iglxk/ Ikf{mfìo{b kqv ik qlvk bgnk{x pm{x ik vxgoqpmxv vxgoqakii{iglxk: vxgoqpmxv pgxgakii{iglxk qk pxmf{lvà vxgukxq i#lovkqvlo cxîik/ [ok ìvgpk aiì fgoq ik vxgoqpmxv f{ agial{b vxgoqakii{iglxk kqv bìflìkpgx agihloflok) {ok pxmvìlok ilgov ik agial{b qlv{ìk fgoq ik a|vmpigqbk fkq kovìxma|vkq/Ig xìc{igvlmo fk ig q|ovdäqk agihloflok kqv ik pxloalpgi bìagolqbk pgx ikw{ki ig ulvgblok Fxìc{ik i#ghqmxpvlmo lovkqvlogik f{ agial{b/ Ik Ekx kv ik bgcoìql{b qmov adga{o ghqmxhìq pgx ikqxm{vkq à ig emlq vxgoqakii{iglxk kv pgxgakii{iglxk/ [o vxgoqpmxvk{x fk bìvg{t flugikovq agpghik fkvxgoqpmxvkx Ek8 *) ^o 8 *) Bo 8 *) Am8 *) Af8 *) A{8 *) Ol8 * kv Ph8 * w{l g xìakbbkov ìvìimagilqì à ig hmxf{xk ko hxmqqk lovkqvlogik pk{v ktpilw{kx g{ bmloq {ok pgxvlk fk i#ghqmxpvlmovxgoqakii{iglxk fk akq lmoq/ 13

8/6/5"Hgxxläxk kv emoavlmo lbb{olvglxk

Hlko w{k i#ìplvdìil{b lovkqvlogi pkxbkv à i#ghqmxpvlmo keelagak fkq o{vxlbkovq gilbkovglxkq) li

fmlv flqvloc{kx ikq q{hqvgoakq pgvdmcäokq kv ikq govlcäokq lomeekoqleq) vkiq w{k ikq pxmvìlokqgilbkovglxkq kv ikq hgavìxlkq ambbkoqgikq) kv li fmlv xìqlqvkx à i#lougqlmo fkq gckovq pgvdmcäokq/Ikq egavk{xq amovxlh{gov à ig fìekoqk fk i“ìplvdìil{b > lbb{omcimh{ilok G $LcG,) b{alokq) kvig xkigvluk lbpkxbìghlilvì fk ig bkbhxgok fk hmxf{xk ko hxmqqk kv fkq nmoavlmoq qkxxìkq à fkqbgaxmbmiìa{ikq kv fkq hgavìxlkq/ Xìakbbkov) mo g fìaxlv fkq egavk{xq q{qakpvlhikq fk nm{kx {oxöik lbpmxvgov fgoq ig fìekoqk fk ig b{w{k{qk lovkqvlogik) ambpxkogov fkq pkpvlfkqgovlblaxmhlkoq vkiq w{k ikq fìekoqlokq/ Ig ambpmqgovk lovkqvlogik f{ q|qväbk lbb{olvglxkamoo{) ambbk ik vlqq{ i|bpdmífk gqqmalì à i“lovkqvlo $CGIV, )14 amovlkov pi{q fk 30+ fkqakii{ikq lbb{olvglxkq fk i#mxcgolqbk/

Ik CGIV kqv amoakpv{kiikbkov flulqì ko fkq qlvkq lof{avleq kv keekavk{xq/ Ikq qlvkq lof{avleqambpxkookov ikq pigw{kq fk Pk|kx) ikq cgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq bìqkovìxlw{kq) kv ikq pkvlvq) ikqemiila{ikq i|bpdmífkq lqmiìq flqpkxqìq à vxgukxq i#lovkqvlo cxîik $Elc/74,/ Ikq pigw{kq fk Pk|kxqmov fkq gcxìcgvq bgaxmqamplw{kq fkq akii{ikq H kv ikq emiila{ikq fk i|bpdma|vkq V lovkxukogovfgoq ikq fmbglokq fk ig igblog pxmpxlg fk i#lovkqvlo cxîik) pxloalpgikbkov i#liìmo flqvgi/ Akqakii{ikq pmqqäfkov {ok bkbhxgok gplagik guka blaxmpilq pi{vöv w{k blaxmuliimqlvìq) ak w{l kqvagxgavìxlqvlw{k fk ig pi{pgxv fkq akii{ikq ìplvdìilgikq lovkqvlogikq/ Kiikq {vlilqkov ik vxgoqpmxvuìqla{iglxk vxgoqìplvdìilgi/

Ikq akii{ikq B pxìqkovgvxlakq f#govlcäok $APG,) ambbk ikq akii{ikq fkofxlvlw{kq/ Akq akii{ikq

fkofxlvlw{k) ko m{vxk) pk{v"ìadgovliimookx fkq govlcäokq i{blogikq flxkavkbkov pgx ik{xqfkofxlvkq ambbk fkq pxmakqq{q w{l q#ìvkofkov à vxgukxq fkq nmoavlmoq qkxxìkq ìplvdìilgikq/GPA lovkxgcl g{t i|bpdma|vkq ogíeq) kv ik pxkblkx à qmxvlx pgx ikq i|bpdgvlw{kq) fxglogovukxq ikq cgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq bìqkovìxlw{kq) mü liq q{hlqqkov {ok fleeìxkoalgvlmo/ Akqi|bpdma|vkq blcxkov koq{lvk fgoq ig alxa{igvlmo q|qvìblw{k pgx i#lovkxbìflglxk f{ agogivdmxgalw{k kv) elogikbkov) q#gaa{b{ikov fgoq ig b{w{k{qk lovkqvlogik fgoq ikq qlvkq keekavk{xq/Ikq bìagolqbkq f#lof{avlmo fk xkadgock) vkiq w{k ig pxìqkovgvlmo fkq govlcäokq fgoq ikq



18

cgocilmoq i|bpdgvlw{kq bìqkovìxlw{kq) qmov ìcgikbkov q{qakpvlhik f“ktlqvkx/ Ikq i|bpdma|vkqkeekavk{xq qmov xìpgxvlq fgoq fkq ambpgxvlbkovq flqvloavq) pxmf{avxlakq f“LcG) ikq akii{ikqpigqbgvlw{kq qmov fìxluìkq fk akii{ikq H kv qmov qlv{ìkq fgoq ig igblog pxmpxlg/ Ikqi|bpdma|vkq V AF6 * qmov ìcgikbkov qlv{ìkq fgoq ig igblog pxmpxlg/ Ikq akii{ikq AF4 * Vblcxkov pxìeìxkovlkiikbkov à i#ìplvdìil{b) bglq g{qql qk vxm{ukov fgoq ig igblog pxmpxlg/ Akqakii{ikq V qmov g{ akovxk fk xìc{igvlmo f{ q|qväbk lbb{olvglxk: ko m{vxk) ikq akii{ikq V AF4 *mov {ok p{lqqgovk gavlulvì a|vmvmtlw{k/

LcG kqv vxgoqpmxvì pgx ikq akii{ikq ìplvdìilgikq lovkqvlogikq fgoq ig i{bläxk) ià mü kiik ktlqvk qm{qig emxbk f#{o flbäxk ambpiktì guka {ok ambpmqgovk qìaxìvmlxk/ Akvvk amoelc{xgvlmo xkof LcGxìqlqvgovk à ig pxmvìmi|qk pgx ikq ko~|bkq flckqvlukq/ LcG kqv ax{ à ig emlq à glfkx à pxìukolxi#kovxìk fk blaxmhkq à vxgukxq i#ìplvdìil{b kv à egumxlqkx i#ktaxìvlmo f#govlcäokq m{ fkq blaxmhkqw{l mov fìnà pìoìvxì fgoq ig igblog pxmpxlg/ Ig xìqlqvgoak lokeelagak à i#lougqlmo pgx fkqpgvdmcäokq kqv q{ppmqìk nm{kx {o xöik ìvlmimclw{k fgoq ik qkpqlq) ko pkxbkvvgov ig vxgoqimagvlmofk hgavìxlkq kv - m{ fk vmtlokq fgoq ig alxa{igvlmo q|qvìblw{k/ Ko xkugoadk) ig qkoqlhlilvìkt{hìxgovk lbb{olvglxk m{ ik bgow{k fk vmiìxgoak à fkq govlcäokq gilbkovglxkq m{ hgavìxlkqambbkoqgikq kqv akoqìk amovxlh{kx à ig pgvdmckoäqk fkq bgigflkq loeigbbgvmlxkq adxmolw{kqambbk ig bgigflk aőilgw{k kv ig bgigflk fk Axmdo/ 1<

$CGIV, C{v gqqmalgvkf I|bpdmlf vlqq{

Elc/74 > Vlqq{ i|bpdmífk

O/H > Umimovglxkbkov) om{q gumoq iglqqk ikq lbgckq fgoq ik{x igoc{k mxlclogik



11

8/6/3"Bmvlilvì

Ikq b|ma|vkq fkq am{adkq b{qa{iglxkq lovkqvlogikq qmov ìikavxlw{kbkov kv bìagolw{kbkovammxfmooìkq fgoq ik emxb{iglxk fk q|oa|vlg/ Ikq amovxgavlmoq fk ig b{qa{igxlq pxmpxlg qmovxkqpmoqghikq f{ pìxlqvgivlqbk fk i#lovkqvlo cxîik/ Ig amovxgavlmo fk ig am{adk b{qa{iglxkimoclv{flogik ktvkxok qk vxgf{lv pgx {o xgaam{xalqqkbkov f{ aöimo/ Ikq amovxgavlmoq fk igb{qa{igxlq b{amqgk amovxlh{kov à ig bmvlilvì fkq b{w{k{qkq m{ fkq uliimqlvìq) bglq pgq g{pìxlqvgivlqbk/ Pi{qlk{xq bmfäikq flqvloavleq fk i#gavlulvì b{qa{igxlq pxmpxlg mov ìvì mhqkxuìq à qkpxmf{lxk fgoq i#lovkqvlo cxîik/ Akq bmfäikq ambpxkookov {ok ktalvgvlmo gqakofgovk kvfkqakofgovk fgoq igw{kiik i#lodlhlvlmo fk ig amovxgavlmo b{qa{iglxk q{xulkov à {o qvlb{i{qpxmtlbgi) ambbk ig pxìqkoak f#{o hmi{q fk om{xxlv{xk locìxìk) kv ig xkigtgvlmo b{qa{iglxk qkpxmf{lv ko gugi fk ig xkigoak/

Akq fk{t xìeiktkq qmov pxìqkovq bîbk ko i#ghqkoak fk vm{vk lookxugvlmo ktvxloqäw{k fki#lovkqvlo cxîik kv amovxlh{kov g{ pìxlqvgivlqbk w{gof liq qmov pxmpgcìq fk bgoläxk ammxfmooìkik imoc fk ig imoc{k{x fk i#lovkqvlo/ Ik bmfäik pmqv"pxgoflgi ambbkoak fgoq ikqqkcbkovgvlmoq x|vdblw{kq m{ fkq mofkq fk pxkqqlmo fk am{xvkq flqvgoakq qmov ìcgikbkovmhqkxuìkq/ Ak bmfäik fk qkcbkovgvlmo kqv f#glfkx à bìigockx ik amovko{ lovxgi{blogi kv fkegalilvkx ik{x amovgav guka ig q{xegak f#ghqmxpvlmo fkq b{w{k{qkq/

Ik bmfäik fk nkúok m{ fk bmvm lovkxflckqvle $LFBA, qk ambpmqk fk vxmlq pdgqkq>

Ig pdgqk L kqv agxgavìxlqìk pgx ig w{lkqakoak bmvk{x: ig pdgqk LL pgx ikq mofkq fk pxkqqlmo w{lqkbhik fìqmxcgolqìkq) q{xulkookov à {ok ulvkqqk q{hbgtlbgik kv ig pdgqk LLL pgx fkq mofkq fkpxkqqlmo qm{vko{kq w{l q{xulkookov à {ok ulvkqqk bgtlbgik/ Ak bmfäik eglv i#d|pmvdäqkf#ktp{iqkx ikq fìhxlq xìqlf{kiq kv ikq hgavìxlkq fk i#lovkqvlo cxîik/ Ig f{xìk bm|kook fkq

em{xadkvvkq LFBA <0 à 780 blo{vkq/ G {o bmbkov fmooì) ikq fleeìxkovkq pmxvlmoq fk i#lovkqvlocxîik pk{v îvxk fgoq fleeìxkovkq pdgqkq fk i#LFBEL /60

Ikq bìagolqbkq fk xìc{igvlmo fk amof{lvk fk i#lovkqvlo cxîik qmov ambpmqìq fk fk{tqvlb{igvk{xq) i“{o lovxloqäw{k à i#lovkqvlo cxîik kv i“g{vxk ktvkxok fkq qlcog{t fk bmf{igvlmook{xmd{bmxgi/ Ikq akii{ikq lovkxqvlvlkiikq fk Agngi qmov fkq akii{ikq bìqkoad|bgvk{qkqpiìmbmxpdkq qlv{ìkq fgoq ig b{qa{ik{qk fk i#lovkqvlo w{l cìoäxkov i#mofk ìikavxlw{k ikov $hgqkx|vdbk ìikavxlw{k m{ pmvkovlki bkok{x, w{l nm{k {o xöik fk qvlb{igvk{x fgoq ig blqk f{ x|vdbkemofgbkovgik fkq amovxgavlmoq fk i#lovkqvlo cxîik/ Ig exìw{koak fk i#mofk ikovk ugxlk qkimoi#gtk imoclv{flogi fk i#lovkqvlo> li ugxlk fk 78 ugc{kq pgx blo{vk fgoq ik f{mfìo{b à 3 ugc{kqpgx blo{vk fgoq i#liìmo flqvgi/ Ig amovxgavlmo b{qa{iglxk ilqqk qk pxmf{lv {olw{kbkov imxqw{k

ik pmvkovlki f#gavlmo ìikavxlw{k $pla xgegik, kqv q{pkxpmqì à i#mofk ikovk/ Gloql) i#mofk ikovkfìvkxblok ig exìw{koak bgtlbgik fkq amovxgavlmoq) bglq vm{vkq ikq amovxgavlmoq ok qmov pgqgqqmalìkq g{t mofkq ikovkq/

Ak bìagolqbk lovxloqäw{k amovxgavlik kqv qm{blq à {ok xìcikbkovgvlmo ok{xmogik kvdmxbmogik/ Ik q|qväbk bmvk{x kovìxlw{k em{xolv à ig emlq fkq qvlb{il ktalvgvk{xq kvlodlhlvk{xq/ Ikq vxgoqbkvvk{xq ktalvgvk{xq pxìfmblogovq qmov i#gaìv|iadmilok kv ig q{hqvgoak P) kvikq vxgoqbkvvk{xq lodlhlvk{xq ambpxkookov i#mt|fk olvxlw{k) ik pkpvlfk lovkqvlogi ugqmgavle) kv



16

i#gfìomqlok vxlpdmqpdgvk/ Ko cìoìxgi) i#gilbkovgvlmo f{ bmvk{x q|bpgvdlw{k kqv lodlhlvxlak f{q|qväbk bmvk{x kovìxlw{k) pgx amoqìw{kov i“g{cbkovgvlmo fk i#kovxìk fkq qvlb{il q|bpgvdlw{kqfgoq i#lovkqvlo kovxgïok {ok flblo{vlmo fk i“gavlulvì f{ b{qaik ilqqk lovkqvlogi/ I#gilbkovgvlmof{ bmvk{x pgxgq|bpgvdlw{k kqv pi{q ambpiktk) guka fkq pxmnkavlmoq pm{x ikq fk{t) ktalvgvk{x kvlodlhlvk{x fkq ok{xmokq f{ bmvk{x kovìxlw{k/ Ko amoqìw{koak) ikq keekvq fkq gppmxvq

pgxgq|bpgvdlw{kq fgoq ig bmvlilvì lovkqvlogik qmov pi{q fleelalikq à pxìflxk/

60

8/6/4"Emoavlmo kofmaxlok

Kiik kqv oìk guka ig fìam{ukxvk fk ig qìaxìvlok) xìc{igvk{x fkq pkpvlfkq lovkqvlog{t) i#lovkqvlocxîik kqv bglovkogov xkamoo{ ambbk ik pi{q cxgof mxcgok f{ amxpq pxmf{avk{x f“dmxbmokq/ Koak w{l amoakxok ik ombhxk fk akii{ikq pxmf{avxlakq f#dmxbmokq pkpvlflkookq 67pi{q fk 10 cäokqmov ìvì lfkovlelìq ambbk ìvgov ktpxlbìq fgoq ik vxgav{q cgqvxm"lovkqvlogi/ Ko xglqmo fkvxglvkbkov fleeìxkovlki kv fk pmqv"vxgf{avlmooki pmqv vxgoqaxlpvlmooki) pi{q fk 700 pkpvlfkqxìc{igvk{xq flqvloavq qmov pxmf{lvq/ Ko m{vxk) ikq bmomgblokq) vkiikq w{k i#dlqvgblok kv ig

fmpgblok) kv klamqgomífkq guka i#dmxbmok"iljk gavlulvìq qmov pxmf{lvkq fgoq i#lovkqvlo/

Ikq Dmxbmokq fk i#lovkqvlo mov fìnà ìvì amoakpv{gilqìkq ambbk fkq pkpvlfkq pxmf{lvq pgx ikqakii{ikq kovìxm fk ig b{w{k{qk lovkqvlogik w{l qmov ilhìxìkq fgoq ig alxa{igvlmo q|qvìblw{k pm{xgvvklofxk ikq xìakpvk{xq fgoq fkq qlvkq alhikq f{ vxgav{q cgqvxm"lovkqvlogi/ Bglovkogov li kqv aiglxw{k ikq cäokq (c{v dmxbmok —“qmov igxckbkov ktpxlbìq fgoq vm{v ik amxpq) omo qk{ikbkov fgoqikq akii{ikq kofmaxlokq) bglq g{qql fgoq ikq ok{xmokq akovxg{t kv pìxlpdìxlw{kq/ Ikq pxmf{lvq fkakq cäokq qmov ko cìoìxgi) bkqqgckxq lovkxakii{iglxkq w{l pk{ukov gclx ambbk kofmaxlokq)pgxgaxlokq) g{vmaxlokq bìflgvk{xq) m{ ok{xmaxlokq/ Li ktlqvk fkq bmfäikq f#dmbmimclkloflulf{kiik omvghik pgxbl ikq pkpvlfkq xìc{igvk{xq fgoq ik vxgav{q cgqvxm"lovkqvlogi/ Hgqì q{x

akq dmbmimclkq) koulxmo ig bmlvlì fkq pkpvlfkq amoo{q fk xìcikbkovgvlmo pk{ukov îvxk aigqqìqko egbliikq )68 pgx ktkbpik) ig egbliik qìaxìvlok ambpxkof qìaxìvlok) ik ci{agcmo kv ik ci{agcmo"iljk pkpvlfkq) pkpvlfk lodlhlvk{x cgqvxlw{k) pmi|pkpvlfk lovkqvlogi ugqmgavle) i#lqmik{alok dlqvlflokpkpvlfk) ig axmlqqgoak dmxbmok"xkikgqloc dmxbmok) i#d|pmpd|qk kv fk i#gavlugvlmo fki#gfìo|ia|aigqk"pkpvlfk/ Pgxbl ikq g{vxkq egbliikq fk pkpvlfkq mo xkoamovxk i#loq{ilok) egavk{xfk axmlqqgoak ìplfkxblw{k) cgqvxlok) pmi|pkpvlfk pgoaxìgvlw{k) vgad|jlolokq) kv igqmbgvmqvgvlok/

Ig b{ivlpilalvì fkq qm{q"v|pkq fk xìakpvk{xq kv fk pxmeli f#ktpxkqqlmo fkq akii{ikq qpìalelw{kqpm{x akq v|pkq fk xìakpvk{xq w{l qmov agxgavìxlqvlw{kq fk akq bìflgvk{xq xìcikbkovglxkq xkofkovig fìelolvlmo fk ik{xq gavlmoq ambpiktkq/61 Pgx ktkbpik) ikq gppilagvlmoq vdìxgpk{vlw{kq fk

i#mavxìmvlfk) {o gogimc{k à gavlmo pxmimocìk fk ig qmbgvmqvgvlok) omvgbbkov i#gbìilmxgvlmo fkqq|bpvöbkq gqqmalìq g{t v{bk{xq ok{xmkofmaxlolkookq $q|ofxmbk agxalomífk,) cgqvxkavmblkf{bploc q|ofxmbk) ikq elqv{ikq kovìxm"a{vgoìkq) kv ik vxglvkbkov lolvlgi fk i#dìbmxxgclk glc{kag{qìk pgx ikq ugxlakq fk i#őqmpdgck /



1;

8/6/<"Gfgpvgvlmo lovkqvlogik

I#lovkqvlo cxîik g ig agpgalvì f#gfgpvgvlmo ko xìpmoqk g{t fleeìxkovkq fkbgofkq lbpmqìkq pgx ikqamoflvlmoq pd|qlmimclw{kq kv pgvdmimclw{kq/ Ikq bìagolqbkq xkqpmoqghikq fk i#lof{avlmo

f#gfgpvgvlmo gpxäq xìqkavlmo lovkqvlogik qmov qm{q kow{îvkq

66

/ Pi{qlk{xq aigqqkq f#keekavk{xq w{lqvlb{ikov ig axmlqqgoak lovkqvlogik ambpxkookov fkq o{vxlbkovq qpìalelw{kq) ikq dmxbmokqpkpvlflw{kq kv ikq egavk{xq fk axmlqqgoak) ikq qìaxìvlmoq pgoaxìgvlw{kq) kv akxvglokq a|vmjlokq 6; Ikq ìiìbkovq o{vxlvlmookiq lovkqvlog{t qvlb{igov ig axmlqqgoak > ikq elhxkq) ikq galfkq cxgq) ikqvxlci|aìxlfkq) ig ci{vgblok) pmi|gblokq) kv ikq ikavlokq/ Ikq egavk{xq fk axmlqqgoak pkpvlflw{kqxgppmxvìq pm{x lof{lxk ig axmlqqgoak qmov ik egavk{x fk axmlqqgoak ìplfkxblw{k) egavk{x fkaxmlqqgoak vxgoqemxbgov) i#loq{ilok"iljk cxmsvd egavmxq L kv LL) ik egavk{x fk axmlqqgoak fkqjìxgvloma|vkq) ik egavk{x fk axmlqqgoak fkq dìpgvma|vkq) ig cgqvxlok) ik pkpvlfk \\) igok{xmvkoqlok) kv ig hmbhìqlok/

Ikq a|vmjlokq w{l qvlb{ikov ig axmlqqgoak ambpxkookov i#lovkxik{jlok $LI, "77) LI"1 kv LI"7;/ Ikqvlb{igvk{x ik pi{q xìakov agxgavìxlqvlw{k fk ig pxmileìxgvlmo fkq kovìxma|vkq kqv CIP"8) w{l g{ok gavlulvì vxmpdlw{k p{lqqgovk w{l kqv qpìalelw{k pm{x i#ìplvdìil{b lovkqvlogi agx ikqamoakovxgvlmoq qìxlw{kq fk CIP"8 g{cbkovkov bgqqlukbkov à ig q{lvk fk xìqkavlmo fki#lovkqvlo cxîik kv ik CIP"8 lodlhk i#gfgpvgvlmo lbb{omok{vxgilqgvlmo gpxäq xìqkavlmo lovkqvlogik)ik CIP"8 kqv {o bìflgvk{x agoflfgv pxmbkvvk{x fk akvvk xìpmoqk/ Akvvk gfgpvgvlmo g pm{x h{vfk ambpkoqkx i“lovkqvlo cxîik gpxäq xìqkavlmo/ Vm{vkemlq) i#gbpik{x fk akvvk xìpmoqk kqv ilblvìkql akvvk xìqkavlmo kqv loq{eelqgovk/

Ig fìcxgfgvlmo hgavìxlkook fkq pxmvìlokq kv fk i“{xìk g{ olukg{ f{ aöimo pxmf{lvi“gbbmolga w{l koq{lvk ghqmxhì kv vxgoqpmxvì ukxq ik emlk/ Ikq galfkq à adglokq am{xvkq qmov

pxmf{lvq pgx ekxbkovgvlmo hgavìxlkook gilbkovglxk qmov {ok qm{xak lbpmxvgovk f“ìokxclk pm{x igb{w{k{qk amilw{k/ Ikq qkiikq qmov ambpmqìkq 7077 à 7078 fk hgavìxlkq pgx cxgbbkq fk bgvläxkqeìagikq/ Ikq gogìxmhlkq emxbkov ig aigqqk fmblogovk) ikq hgavìxlkq qmov ikq pi{q exìw{kovkq $7077

à 7078 mxcgolqbkq-bi,/ Ikq gìxmhlkq) K/ amil qmov ikq pi{q ombhxk{t 704 à 7070/ Ikq hgavìxlkqqmov oìakqqglxkq pm{x ig fìcxgfgvlmo fkq ci{alfkq) fkq pxmvìlokq kv pgxvlalpk fgoq ikbìvghmilqbk fk ig hlilx{hlok) galfkq hlilglxkq) őqvxmcäok) admikqvìxmi kv ig ulvgblok j/

Ikq hgavìxlkq fìvx{lqkov ikq blaxm"mxcgolqbkq lovkqvlogikq pgvdmcäokq/ Ikq cg~ lovkqvlog{tpxmulkookov fk i“glx fìci{vlx) fk ig pxmf{avlmo lovkqvlogik kv fk ig flee{qlmo qgoc{lok/ Ikqpxloalpg{t ambpmqgovq fkq cg~ lovkqvlog{t > g~mvk) mt|cäok) flmt|fk fk agxhmok) d|fxmcäok)bìvdgok/ Ik vxgav{q cgqvxm"lovkqvlogi amovlkov cìoìxgikbkov kovxk 700 kv 800 bi/



15

8/6/70"Ig bmvlilvì f{ aöimo

Kiik qk eglv pgx fkq amovxgavlmoq lovkxblvvkovkq f“gbpilv{fk eglhik m{ ìikuìk kv fk am{xvk f{xìk)ik amovko{ f{ aöimo qk fìpigak govìxmcxgfk kv xìvxmcxgfk) akal ulqk à xgikovlx ik vxgoqlv pm{xegalilvkx i“ghqmxpvlmo fk i“kg{ kv i“ìadgock fkq ìikavxmi|vkq /65

8/6/77"Ig fìeìagvlmo

A“kqv {o bìagolqbk ambpiktk fk ammxflogvlmo lbpilw{gov fkq bm{ukbkovq fk bgqqk f{ aöimo)g{cbkovgvlmo fk ig pxkqqlmo lovxg"ghfmblogik m{ xkavgik) kv ig xkigtgvlmo f{ pigoadkx pkiulko/Ig flqvkoqlmo f{ xkav{b pxmumw{k {o xkièadkbkov xìeiktk f{ qpdloavkx gogi lovkxok $xìeiktkgomxkavgi lodlhlvk{x, pkxbkvvgov g{ amovko{ fk pxkofxk amovgav guka ik agogi gogi/ Ql igfìeìagvlmo ok qk pxmf{lv pgq ik xkav{b qk fìvkof kv i“koulk fk fìeìw{kx pgqqk $xìpmoqkf“dìhkxckbkov,/ Ig ammxflogvlmo fk ig fìeìagvlmo qk pxmf{lv pgx i“g{cbkovgvlmo fk ig pxkqqlmolovxg"ghfmblogik pgx i“lovkxbìflglxk f{ bgoő{uxk fk Ugiqgiug) ig amovxgavlmo xkavgik) igxkigtgvlmo f{ b{qaik p{hmxkavgi kv i“m{ukxv{xk f{ agogi gogi/

8/6/78" Ig amovlokoak

Kiik ktlck {ok pgxml xkavgik agpghik f“gaambbmfkx à i“gxxluìk f{ hmi eìagi) ik pigoadkx pkiulkokqv qm{q amovxöik ok{xmcìolw{k kv qpdloavìxlko/ G{ xkpmq ikq b{qaikq p{hm xkavg{t emxbkov{o gookg{ g{vm{x f{ xkav{b flqvgi kv {o gocik glc{/ G ig fìeìagvlmo ) akv gocik qk xkfxkqqk kv ikxkav{b qk xkvxm{uk fgoq i“ gtk f{ agogi gogi ) ik qpdloavkx lovkxok kv ktvkxok qmov gavluìq/Ikq hxgoadkq f{ okxe p{fkofgi lookxukov à ig emlq ik qpdloavkx lovkxok kv ktvkxok/ Koelo ikqam{qqloq dìbmxxmífglxkq amovxlh{kov à ig amovlokoak pgx himagck bìagolw{k f{ agogi gogi/

8/;"Pd|qlmpgvdmimclk

I“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik w{kiw{k qmlv ig ag{qk) emoavlmookiik m{ bìagolw{k $lovxgi{blogik)lovxgb{xgik ktvxloqäw{k, kqv i“gxxîv f{ vxgoqlv guka gaa{b{igvlmo fk ilw{lfkq63 kv fk cg~ fgoqig i{bläxk lovkqvlogik ghm{vlqqgov à {ok flqvkoqlmo lovkqvlogik ko gbmov fk i“mhqvgaik akalug kovxglokx {o koqkbhik fk xkvkovlqqkbkov imagi kv cìoìxgi/ Ig pi{pgxv f{ cg~ w{l q“gaa{b{ikpxmulkov fk i“glx gugiì) akxvgloq qmov pxmf{lvq pgx i“lovkqvlo/ Ik ei{lfk kqv amoqvlv{ì f{ ilw{lfkgugiì kv fkq qìaxìvlmoq cgqvxm"lovkqvlogikq/ Akvvk gaa{b{igvlmo fk ilw{lfkq kv fk cg~ umovpxmumw{kx {ok g{cbkovgvlmo fk ig pxkqqlmo lovxgi{blogik kv lovxgb{xgik f“mü i“givìxgvlmo fkig pkxe{qlmo blaxmugqa{iglxk fk i“lovkqvlo) lqadìblk oìaxmqk fk i“lovkqvlo/ I“gaa{b{igvlmo fkilw{lfk g{ olukg{ fk ig i{bläxk lovkqvlogik) fk ig pgxml lovkqvlogik kv f{ pìxlvmlok amof{lqgov àig emxbgvlmo f{ 1k qkavk{x) f“mü i“gppgxlvlmo fkq qlcokq fk fìqd|fxgvgvlmo m{ fk adma/

I“mxcgolqbk ug xìgclx ko fmoogov fkq xìpmoqkq > kofmaxlolkookq) bìvghmilw{kq) agxflgw{kq)xìogikq kv xkqplxgvmlxkq/

8/;/7"Xìpmoqk kofmaxlolkook

I“d|pmumiìblk pxmumw{ìk pgx ik 1k kqpgak omo emoavlmooki pxmumw{k ig ilhìxgvlmof“ìplokpdxlok kv fk omxìplokpdxlok g|gov pm{x amoqìw{koak {ok ugqmamoqvxlavlmo gukavgad|agxflk) q{k{x pxme{qk/ Ik amxvkt q{xxìogi fk qmo amvì pxmf{lv {o ci{amamxvlamífk) ik



13

amxvlqmi f{xgov ikq vxmlq pxkblkxq nm{xq kv {o bloìxgimamxvlamífk) i“gifmqvìxmok/ Mo gqqlqvk g{qqlà {ok ilhìxgvlmo fk i“dmxbmok govlfl{xìvlw{k) gclqqgov q{x ikq xìakpvk{xq f{ v{h{ik flqvgi pm{xpxmf{lxk {ok xìvkovlmo f“kg{/

8/;/8"Xìpmoqk xìogik

Ig pkxakpvlmo fk ig hglqqk f{ eimv qgoc{lo xìogik g{ olukg{ fk i“gppgxkli n{tvg cimbìx{iglxkegumxlqk ig ilhìxgvlmo fk xìolok w{l ug amoukxvlx i“goclmvkoqlomcäok ko goclmvkoqlok L) aki{l"alqm{q i“loei{koak fk i“ko~|bk fk amoukxvlmo ko goclmvkoqlok LL) akvvk fkxoläxk gclxg q{x ik amxvktq{xxìogi pm{x pxmf{lxk fk i“gifmqvìxmok egumxlqgov {ok xìvkovlmo fk qmfl{b kv f“kg{/

8/;/1"Xìpmoqk bìvghmilw{k) fìqmxfxkq galfm"hgqlw{kq kv pkxvkq ìikavxmi|vlw{kq

Ikq fìqmxfxkq bìvghmilw{kq ilìq g{t maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq gqqmalkov {ok fìqd|fxgvgvlmo kvfkq pkxvkq f“ìikavxmi|vkq : ik{x lovkoqlvì kqv emoavlmo f{ fìigl ìam{iì gugov i“gfblqqlmo/ Igfìqd|fxgvgvlmo kqv ilìk g{t pkxvkq fk ilw{lfk $umblqqkbkov, kv ig amoqvlv{vlmo f“{o vxmlqläbk

qkavk{x/ Ig flqvkoqlmo ghfmblogik flblo{k g{qql i“gbpilgvlmo vdmxgalw{k/I“ìw{lilhxk galfm"hgqlw{k kv ikq vxm{hikq lmolw{kq ugxlkov ko emoavlmo f{ qläck kv i“ìvlmimclk fki“maai{qlmo/ Ig qìblmimclk ailolw{k kqv xkqplxgvmlxk/ Ikq vxm{hikq lmolw{kq qgoc{loq qmovemoavlmo fk i“ghmofgoak) fk i“mqbmigxlvì kv fk ig ambpmqlvlmo fkq ilw{lfkq pkxf{q m{qìw{kqvxìq/ Fgoq ikq maai{qlmoq dg{vkq ikq umblqqkbkovq qmov ghmofgovq kv pxìamakq/ Ikqamoqìw{koakq fkq umblqqkbkovq qkimo ik{x ambpmqlvlmo) ilw{lfk cgqvxlw{k lqmiì m{ ilw{lfkcgqvxlw{k bìigocì à fkq qìaxìvlmoq hlilmpgoaxìgvlw{kq/ Ik ilw{lfk cgqvxlw{k kqv d|pmvmolw{k)galfk kv à pxìfmblogoak adimxìk/ Ko gugi f{ p|imxk ikq qìaxìvlmoq qmov lqmvmolw{kq)ghmofgovkq) hgqlw{kq kv à pxìfmblogoak qmfìk/

8/;/6 "Xìpmoqk agxflgw{k

Ik fìelalv f{ umi{bk qgoc{lo flblo{k ik xkvm{x uklok{t kv ik fìhlv agxflgw{k) pgx ambpkoqgvlmoik aő{x g{cbkovk qmo x|vdbk pm{x xìpmofxk à {ok fkbgofk ngbglq qgvlqeglvk/ Fk pi{q)i“galfmqk pxmcxkqqluk w{l q“loqvgiik ug pkxv{xhkx ig amovxgavlilvì agxflgw{k gccxgugov igflblo{vlmo f{ fìhlv/

8/5"Kvlmimclkq >

I“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik glc{ê bìagolw{k kqv {o q|ofxmbk f“{ok cxgofk exìw{koak mhqkxuìk àvm{q ikq èckq) qpmovgoìbkov m{ gpxäq {ok lovkxukovlmo adlx{xclagik pmxvgov q{x i“ghfmbko kv

ikq ag{qkq qmov ugxlghikq/8/5/7"Maai{qlmoq oìm"ogvgikq $ikq pi{q exìw{kovkq,

Pm{x ik aöimo >

" i“lbpkxemxgvlmo gogik" ig bgigflk fk Dlxqadpx{oc" i“lbbgv{xlvì f{ aöimo" ik bìqkoväxk ambb{o



14

Pm{x ik cxîik >

" ikq hxlfkq pgx bgixmvgvlmo fk i“lovkqvlo/ Ktakpvlmookiikbkov) maai{qlmoq emoavlmookiikq koxgppmxv guka {ok loekavlmo pgxkovìxgik/

8/5/8"Maai{qlmoq f{ om{xxlqqmo

Ikq ag{qkq ikq pi{q exìw{kovkq qmov >" i“lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik glc{ê" ig vmxqlmo f“{o bìcgaöimo amocìolvgi" ikq hxlfkq pgx bgixmvgvlmo fk i“lovkqvlo" i“liì{q emoavlmooki

8/5/1"Maai{qlmoq fk i“koegov

Ikq ag{qkq ikq pi{q exìw{kovkq qmov >" i“gppkoflalvk à emxbk maai{qluk" i“lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik glc{ê" ig pìxlvmolvk v{hkxa{ik{qk

8/5/6"Maai{qlmoq fk i“gf{ivk

Ikq ag{qkq ikq pi{q exìw{kovkq qmov >" ik umiu{i{q f{ aöimo pkiulko" ik umiu{i{q fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik" ikq ìvxgocikbkovq dkxolglxkq"Ik umiu{i{q f{ agka{b

8/5/;"Maai{qlmoq f{ q{nkv ècì

Ikq pxloalpgikq ag{qkq qmov >" ik agoakx amilw{k" ik umiu{i{q f{ aöimo pkiulko" i“gppkoflalvk kv ig admiìa|qvlvk maai{qlukq" i“liì{q hlilglxk" ikq dkxolkq lovkxokq

8/3"Pxìqkovgvlmo ailolw{k kv flgcomqvla

Ik q|ofxmbk maai{qle gqqmalk {ok fm{ik{x ghfmblogik) fkq umblqqkbkovq) {o gxxîv f{ vxgoqlvkv {ok flqvkoqlmo ghfmblogik/ Ig w{gilvì fk akq qlcokq kv q|bpvöbkq ugxlk ko emoavlmo f{ qläckkv fk i“ìvlmimclk fk i“maai{qlmo/



1<

8/3/7"Qlcokq emoavlmookiq

Fm{ik{x ghfmblogik64

Kiik kqv lovkoqk) gppgx{k qgoq egavk{x fìaikoadgov lfkovlelì) ik bmfk f“loqvgiigvlmo kqv qm{ukovhx{vgi m{ xgplfk w{k pxmcxkqqle) ìumi{k fk egãmo amovlo{k m{ pgx pgxmt|qbkq iglqqgov pgxemlqfkq ìplqmfkq fk xìblqqlmo ambpiävk/ Kiik kqv pk{ îvxk qkoqlhik g{t egavk{xq f“ktgakxhgvlmow{k qmov ig bgxadk) ig vm{t m{ i“loqplxgvlmo pxmemofk/

Ik qläck kqv ugxlghik g{ fìh{v) ig pi{pgxv f{ vkbpq ikq lxxgflgvlmoq qmov ghqkovkq m{ pgxemlqimbhglxkq-pmqvìxlk{xkq) ik bgigfk pk{v qlcogikx fkq fm{ik{xq qkbhighikq/ Ikq agxgaväxkq fk igfm{ik{x ok pkxbkvvkov à k{t qk{iq fk fìvkxblokx ik qläck fk i“maai{qlmo/ Ig fm{ik{x fki“maai{qlmo amilw{k kqv umimovlkxq) bmloq lovkoqk kv f“loqvgiigvlmo pi{q pxmcxkqqluk w{k akiik f{cxîik) ig vmpmcxgpdlk fk ig fm{ik{x ok pkxbkv pgq fk flqvloc{kx {ok maai{qlmo f{ cxîik f“{okmaai{qlmo amilw{k/

Umblqqkbkovq

Ikq og{qìkq kv m{ umblqqkbkovq qmov dghlv{kiq/ Liq qmov qm{ukov xìpìvlvleq/ Ik{x agxgaväxkhlilk{t) gilbkovglxk m{ eìagimífk fmlv îvxk lovkxpxìvì ko emoavlmo f{ fìigl ìam{iì kv fki“ghmofgoak fkq umblqqkbkovq gugov i“gfblqqlmo/ Ikq umblqqkbkovq qmov f“g{vgov pi{q vgxfleqw{k i“maai{qlmo kqv fk qläck pi{q flqvgi/ Liq qmov vxäq exìw{kovq fgoq ikq maai{qlmoq f{ cxîik kv okqmov mhqkxuìq {ok emlq q{x fk{t fgoq ikq maai{qlmoq f{ aöimo/ Liq qm{igckov {ok emlq q{x vxmlqfgoq ikq maai{qlmoq f{ cxîik kv xgxkbkov fgoq ikq maai{qlmoq f{ aöimo/

Gxxîv fkq bgvläxkq kv fkq cg~

Li kqv qlcogiì fk{t emlq q{x vxmlq) i“ghqkoak vmvgik fk vxm{hik f{ vxgoqlv m{ {ok flgxxdìkvxmbpk{qk qmov xgxkq/ I“gxxîv f{ vxgoqlv kqv f“g{vgov pi{q okv w{k i“maai{qlmo qläck pi{q hgq/I“gxxîv fk cg~ kqv ik qlcok amoqvgov fk i“maai{qlmo flckqvluk ambpiävk/

8/3/7/7"Qlcokq pd|qlw{kq

Loqpkavlmo

Ik bìvìmxlqbk ghfmblogi kqv pxìqkov vxmlq emlq q{x w{gvxk) li kqv pi{q exìw{kov fgoq ikqmaai{qlmoq f{ aöimo/ Ikq mof{igvlmoq pìxlqvgivlw{kq qmov xgxkbkov ulqlhikq qm{q ig pgxml/ Lieg{v xkadkxadkx {ok alagvxlak fk adlx{xclk ghfmblogik m{ c|oìamimclw{k govìxlk{xk) pi{qexìw{kovk fgoq ikq maai{qlmoq f{ cxîik w{k fgoq akiikq f{ aöimo/

Pgipgvlmo

Kiik fìh{vk pgx i“ktgbko fkq mxlelakq loc{log{t kv ax{xg{t à ig xkadkxadk f“{ok dkxolkfm{im{xk{qk) omo xìf{avlhik/ Ik flgcomqvla kqv pi{q fleelalik ql ig dkxolk kqv fk pkvlvk vgliik kvql ik pgvlkov kqv mhäqk/ I“ktgbko fk i“ghfmbko kqv omxbgi fgoq ig bmlvlk fkq agq) pgq fkamovxgav{xk) xkadkxadkx {ok bgqqk pgipghik/ [o vm{adkx xkavgi m{ ugclogi pk{v fìam{uxlxakxvglokq bgqqkq/



60

Pkxa{qqlmo

Kiik amoelxbk ik agxgaväxk v|bpgolw{k fk ig flqvkoqlmo ghfmblogik/ Ko agq fk bìvìmxlqbkimagilqì d|pmcgqvxlw{k) ig pkxa{qqlmo fmlv eglxk ig fleeìxkoak f“{o cimhk uìqlagi f“{ok v{bk{xghfmblompkiulkook/

G{qa{ivgvlmo

Kiik pkxbkv f“gppxìalkx i“lovkoqlvì kv ig vmogilvì fkq hx{lvq d|fxmbìvxlw{kq w{l pk{ukov îvxkflblo{ìq m{ ghqkovq w{“g{cbkovìq/

8/3/7/8"Qlcokq cìoìxg{t

Liq qmov ko emoavlmo f{ fìigl ìam{iì fkp{lq ik fìh{v fkq vxm{hikq) fk i“ìvlmimclk kv m{ f{amovktvk pgvdmimclw{k fgoq ikw{ki q{xulkov i“ìplqmfk maai{qle/ Liq qmov gppxìalìq q{x ik egaläq)ik pm{iq) ig vkoqlmo gxvìxlkiik) i“ìvgv fk amoqalkoak) ig vkbpìxgv{xk kv ig fl{xäqk/ Akxvglokq emlq)imxqw{k ik fìh{v kqv hx{vgi kv ig amoq{ivgvlmo pxìamak) ig pèik{x) i“gclvgvlmo) i“gaaìiìxgvlmo f{pm{iq pk{ukov îvxk ik xkeikv fk i“lovkoqlvì fk ig fm{ik{x/

G {o qvgfk vgxfle) liq pk{ukov vìbmlcokx fk ig qm{eexgoak f“{ok goqk lovkqvlogik m{ f“{o ìvgv fkfìqd|fxgvgvlmo gugoaìk) bgxw{ìk pgx ig qmle) pilq a{vgoìq) ig qìadkxkqqk fk ig b{w{k{qkh{aagik) i“milc{xlk guka fkq {xlokq amoakovxìkq) {o ìvgv fk amoe{qlmo kv fk vmxpk{x/ [okmaai{qlmo eìhxlik à i“gfblqqlmo n{qvlelk {ok kow{îvk ìvlmimclw{k pgxvla{iläxk/

8/3/7/1"Ktgbko cìoìxgi kv xkadkxadk fkq govìaìfkovq

Ig xkadkxadk f“govìaìfkovq fk adlx{xclk ghfmblogik m{ pkiulkook) f“govìaìfkovq fkpgvdmimclkq oìmpigqlw{kq vxglvìkq adlx{xclagikbkov m{ pgx xgflmvdìxgplk) f“{ok bgigflkloeigbbgvmlxk lovkqvlogik adxmolw{k) f“{o vkxxglo ugqa{iglxk mxlkovkov i“kow{îvk flgcomqvla/ Lieg{v xkadkxadkx {ok amoqvlpgvlmo xìakovk m{ adxmolw{k) {ok eg{qqk flgxxdìk fk q{hmaai{qlmo)f{ qgoc fgoq ikq qkiikq/ Li eg{v pxìalqkx ig ogv{xk kv ig pmqmimclk fkq vxglvkbkovq q{lulq/

8/4"Xgflmimclk

8/4/7"Ailadìq qvgofgxfq qgoq pxìpgxgvlmo

I“ghfmbko qgoq pxìpgxgvlmo $GQP, kqv i“ktgbko xìgilqì aigqqlw{kbkov ko pxkbläxk lovkovlmofgoq ik agfxk f“{o q|ofxmbk maai{qle $Elc/ 7<,/ Li ambpmxvk vxmlq ailadkq) ik pxkblkx fk egak komxvdmqvgvlqbk $xkadkxadk fk olukg{ d|fxmgìxlw{k,) ik qkamof fk egak ko mxvdmqvgvlqbk akovxì q{xikq am{pmikq flgpdxgcbgvlw{k $xkadkxadk fk pok{bmpìxlvmlok, 6< kv ik vxmlqläbk fk egak kofìa{hlv{q fmxqgi pm{x pxìalqkx ikq qkcbkovq lovkqvlog{t fligvìq/ Ql ik pgvlkov kqv loqvghik ikqailadìq ko pmqlvlmo mxvdmqvgvlqbk fmlukov îvxk keekav{ìq ko fìa{hlv{q fmxqgi m{ igvìxgi cg{adk/Ikq qlcokq xgflmimclw{kq f“maai{qlmo q{x i“GQP qmov ig flqvkoqlmo fkq qvx{av{xkq flckqvlukq) ikqolukg{t d|fxmgìxlw{kq) pok{bmpìxlvmlok ko agq fk pkxemxgvlmo flckqvluk/

Ikq olukg{t d|fxmgìxlw{kq fk v|pk cxîik qmov pi{q igxckq w{k dg{vq) b{ivlpikq) akovxg{t kvpxìqkovkov fkq ugiu{ikq amoolukovkq vgoflq w{k ikq olukg{t d|fxmgìxlw{kq amilw{kq qmov pi{q



67

dg{vq w{k igxckq) pìxlpdìxlw{kq guka ulq{gilqgvlmo fkq dg{qvxgvlmoq amilw{kq/ Akpkofgov fgoq;0+ fkq agq i“GQP ok pkxbkv pgq fk flqvloc{kx {ok maai{qlmo cxîik f“{ok maai{qlmo amilw{k ;0/Fk ombhxk{qkq ìv{fkq bmovxkov w{k i“GQP g {ok qkoqlhlilvì flgcomqvlw{k fk ;0 à 50 + pm{xi“maai{qlmo bìagolw{k kv w{“li kqv omo qpìalelw{k) umlxk vxmbpk{x agx omxbgi fgoq 70 à 80 +fkq agq/;7

8/4/8"Mpgalelagvlmo guka amovxgqvk f{ v{hk flckqvle

Qkimo ik qläck pxìq{bì fk i“mhqvgaik) li kqv pmqqlhik fk xìgilqkx qmlv {ok mpgalelagvlmo fki“lovkqvlo cxîik $Elc/80,) qmlv {o igukbkov mpgw{k xìvxmcxgfk/

Bìvdmfkq

Lofkt g{t d|fxmqmi{hikq amoqlqvk à {ok loe{qlmo xìc{iläxk kv pxmcxkqqluk fk pxmf{lv fkamovxgqvk pgx {ok qmofk fkqakof{k fgoq i“gocik fk Vxklv~ qm{q qamplk/ Kiik em{xolv fkqloemxbgvlmoq q{x ik qläck) q{x ik vkbpq f{ vxgoqlv kv m{ ik v|pk f“mhqvgaik/ I“lovkxpxìvgvlmo fkq

lbgckq amovxlh{k g{ flgcomqvla kv kiik g {o lovìxîv f|ogblw{k q{x ikq maai{qlmoq lovkxblvvkovkq/Igukbkov g{t d|fxmqmi{hikq

Ikq d|fxmqmi{hikq) liq qmov loflw{kq à pxlmxl imxqw{k ik qläck pxìq{bì fk i“mhqvgaik kqvamilw{k kv imxqw{k ikq ailadìq qvgofgxfq o —gxxlukov pgq à flqvloc{kx ik cxîik f{ amimo/ Ko agqf“{ok pgvdmimclk pkxemxgvluk q{qpkavk ik admlt kqv gaamxfì g{t pxmf{lvq fk amovxgqvkd|fxmqmi{hikq/

Akq pxmf{lvq qmov d|pkxvmolw{kq) qvlb{ikov ik vxgoqlv kv pk{ukov {vlilqkx à fkq eloqvdìxgpk{vlw{kq) liq pk{ukov ko amovxkpgxvlk ktgcìxkx m{ fìambpkoqkx {ok d|pmumiìblk pgvkovk

m{ igvkovk/ Liq mov ig pmqqlhlilvì fk flqvloc{kx xgplfkbkov {ok maai{qlmo bìagolw{k f“{o liì{qpgxgi|vlw{k/ Vm{vkemlq ikq pxmf{lvq hgx|vìq qmov fgockxk{t ko agq fk q{qplalmo fk pkxemxgvlmolovkqvlogikq/ Ig fìelolvlmo kv ig pxìalqlmo fkq lbgckq hgx|vìkq qmov q{pìxlk{xkq à akiikq mhvko{kqpgx ikq pxmf{lvq d|fxmqmi{hikq/ I“mpgalelagvlmo flckqvluk pgx ikq q{qpkoqlmoq fk q{iegvk fkhgx|{b fmlv îvxk amoqlfìxìk ambbk ig bìvdmfk fk admlt pm{x ktpimxkx vm{vk q{qplalmof“maai{qlmo lovkxblvvkovk) à amoflvlmo f“gumlx ìilblokx vm{v xlqw{k fk pkxemxgvlmo flckqvluklovxg pìxlvmoìgik/

Loflagvlmoq

Li kqv loflw{ì fgoq ig xkadkxadk fkq maai{qlmoq bìagolw{kq lovkxblvvkovkq gloql w{k ik

flgcomqvla fleeìxkovlki fkq maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq ukxq{q xìalfluk v{bmxgik ukxq{q kovìxlw{kxgflw{k/



68

8/4/1 " Kadmcxgpdlk

I“gppgxlvlmo kv i“gbìilmxgvlmo fkq qmofkq fk dg{vk exìw{koak am{piìkq à i“ìv{fk Fmppikx gpkxblq qmo {vlilqgvlmo fgoq ikq q|ofxmbkq maai{qleq $Elc/87,/ I“gugovgck kqv qmo {vlilqgvlmo adk~ig ekbbk koaklovk) qg ilblvgvlmo ak qmov ikq gxvkegavq cg~k{t kv omvgbbkov ig pxìqkoak f“{o

pok{bmpìxlvmlok/ I“ìv{fk fk Fgoqk kv gi/ Bmovxk w{k i“ìadmcxgpdlk g {ok qkoqlhlilvìflgcomqvlw{k pm{x ikq maai{qlmoq fk <5 +) {ok qkoqlhlilvì fk 45 + pm{x imagilqkx ik olukg{ fki“maai{qlmo kv {ok qkoqlhlilvì ìvlmimclw{k fk 67 +/ Ak ktgbko xkpmqk q{x ig flqvkoqlmo fkqgoqkq) i“ìv{fk f{ pìxlqvgivlqbk lovkqvlogi kv i“ìv{fk fk ig ugqa{igxlqgvlmo fk ig pgxml flckqvluk/

Ikq axlväxkq ìadmcxgpdlw{kq f“maai{qlmo bìagolw{k f{ cxîik amoqlqvkov ko i“gqqmalgvlmo f“goqkqamiighìkq kv fligvìkq fk flgbävxk q{pìxlk{x à 10 bb bkq{xgov pi{q fk 70 ab fk imoc)xkbpilkq fk ilw{lfk kv pxìqkovgov {o pìxlqvgivlqbk gaaìiìxì/ Ikq axlväxkq ìadmcxgpdlw{kqf“maai{qlmo f{ amimo amoqlqvkov ko ig pxìqkoak f“{ok flqvkoqlmo ilw{lflkook m{ gìxlw{k f{aöimo ko gbmov f“{o qkcbkov amilw{k fligvì/

8/4/6 " Ktgbko qagomcxgpdlw{k

Ig vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk ko bmfk dìilamífgi kqv fkuko{k i“ktgbko fk xìeìxkoak pm{x ig pxlqk koadgxck flgcomqvlw{k kv vdìxgpk{vlw{k fk i“ghfmbko glc{ kv ko pgxvla{ilkx fkq q|ofxmbkqmaai{qleq $Elc/88,/ Kiik g {ok qkoqlhlilvì fk <0 à <5+ kv {ok qpìalelalvì <5 +/;8

Kiik pk{v qk eglxk qgoq lonkavlmo f“lmfk pm{x ig xkadkxadk fkq agia{iq kv fkq dìbgvmbkq)i“gaw{lqlvlmo ghfmblompkiulkook gpxäq lonkavlmo g{ vkbpq pmxvgi kqv loflqpkoqghik q“li o“| gpgq fk amovxk"loflagvlmoq) akal pkxbkvvxg f“gppxìalkx ik xkdg{qqkbkov fkq pgxmlq flckqvlukq/Fk egãmo vgxfluk) kiik pkxbkv fk xkadkxadkx {o qglcokbkov gavle) f“gppxìalkx ik ambpmxvkbkovugqa{iglxk kv ikq umlkq {xloglxkq/

Ik flgcomqvla pmqlvle fk i“maai{qlmo qk eglv pgx ig pxìqkoak f“goqkq cxîikq fligvìkq fk flgbävxkq{pìxlk{x m{ ìcgi à 8; bb kv m{ f“{o amimo fk flgbävxk q{pìxlk{x à 50 bb/ Kiik fìvkxblok ikagxgaväxk bìagolw{k m{ emoavlmooki fk i“maai{qlmo/ I“gqqmalgvlmo fk v{hk pigv kv fk v{hk fligvìpxìqkovk {ok keelagalvì flgcomqvlw{k fk <0 +/

I“liì{q emoavlmooki qk fìelolv ambbk {ok fligvgvlmo cimhgik kv flee{qk fk i“lovkqvlo cxîik guka{ok flqvkoqlmo cg~k{qk m{ ilw{lflkook f{ aöimo qgoq ~mok vxgoqlvlmookiik ulqlhik/ Igvmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk fìvkxblok ik flgcomqvla vmpmcxgpdlw{k) ìvlmimclw{k kv ikq qlcokq fk cxgulvì$pkxemxgvlmo) pok{bgvmqk pgxlìvgik,/

8/4/; " Lbgckxlk pgx xìqmogoak bgcoìvlw{k$LXB,

Kiik pkxbkv {ok ktpimxgvlmo qgvlqeglqgovk f{ v{hk flckqvle ko ilblvgov ikq gxvkegavq f{q g{tbm{ukbkovq pìxlqvgivlw{kq$Elc/81,/ I“ìv{fk fk Xkcgo;1 xgppmxvk {ok qkoqlhlilvì fk <0 + kv {okqpìalelalvì fk 45 + fgoq ik flgcomqvla fk i“maai{qlmo flckqvluk guka i“lfkovlelagvlmo amxxkavkf{ olukg{ kv fk ig ag{qk fk i“maai{qlmo fgoq 31 kv ;0 +/



61

8/< " Ktgbkoq ambpiìbkovglxkq

8/</7 " Ktgbkoq hlmimclw{kq

Liq pk{ukov gumlx {ok ugik{x flgcomqvlw{k kv xkeiävk pgxemlq i“ìvgv pd|qlmimclw{k f{ pgvlkov) {ok

d|pkxik{ama|vmqk g{ qk{li 74000-bb1

pk{v gqqmalkx à {ok oìaxmqk lovkqvlogik/ I“g{cbkovgvlmof{ vg{t f“gb|igqk qìxlw{k qkxglv qpìalelw{k à {ok qvxgoc{igvlmo) i“lqmko~|bk HH fk ig APJ kqv{o vìbmlo fk i“lqadìblk fk ig pgxml b{qa{iglxk lovkqvlogik/;6 I“dìbgvmaxlvk) ikq ìikavxmi|vkq) ikhligo xìogi) vg{t fk hlagxhmogvk qmov à amoqlfìxkx fgoq i“ìugi{gvlmo f{ pgvlkov/

8/70 " Flgcomqvla fleeìxkovlki

8/70/7 " Maai{qlmoq emoavlmookiikq

Kiik xìuäik fk ag{qk flukxq;;) f“{ok givìxgvlmo fk ig bmvxlalvì lovkqvlogik f“mxlclok imagik m{cìoìxgik) fk ag{qk xìeiktk m{ loeigbbgvmlxk w{l ghm{vlv à ig pgxgi|qlk/ Ikq qlcokq ailolw{kq qmov

ugxlghikq) fm{ik{xq à v|pkq fk axgbpkq pgxmt|qvlw{kq) flqvkoqlmo ghfmblogik pi{q m{ bmloqpxmomoaìk) fm{im{xk{qk kv fkq umblqqkbkovq/ G ig xgflmimclk mo ug xkvxm{ukx {ok emxvkpxìfmblogoak fkq lbgckq cg~k{qkq $Elc/ 86,/

Elc/86 > Ailadìq f“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik emoavlmookiik pmqv mpìxgvmlxk



66

Elc/ 7< > GQP fk egak kv fk pxmeli) maai{qlmo f{ cxîik bmovxgov fkq olukg{t d|fxmgìxlw{kq

Elc/88 > Qagookx mpgalelk f{ aöimo) bmovxgov Elc/80 > Igukbkov mpgw{k

{ok maai{qlmo hgqqk lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik



6;

Elc/81 > LXB qaikxmilpmbgvmqk lovkqvlogik Elc/87 > Kadmcxgpdlk> lbgck ko amagxfk)bmovxgov Bgigflk fk Axmdo {ok lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik

/

Qm{xak > Qkxulak fk Adlx{xclk Ulqaìxgik kv Bìvghmilw{k) Akovxk Dmqplvgim"[olukxqlvglxkGblkoq) Omxf

8/77"Pxlqk ko adgxck fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{k

Kiik amoqlqvk ko ig xìgolbgvlmo f{ pgvlkov q{lulk f“{ok pxlqk ko adgxck bìflagik m{adlx{xclagik/

8/77/7"Xìgolbgvlmo

Ig xìgolbgvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogik glc{êq g pm{x h{v fk amxxlckx ikq pkxv{xhgvlmoq fki“ìw{lilhxk umiìblw{k) d|fxm"ìikavxmi|vlw{k kv galfm"hgqlw{k/ Kiik fmlv îvxk pm{xq{lulk ko pxì)

pkx kv pmqvmpìxgvmlxk

8/77/8"I“gqplxgvlmo cgqvxmf{mfìogik

Ig blqk ko pigak f“{ok qmofk ogqmcgqvxlw{k pkxbkv f“gqq{xkx ig ulfgock cgqvxlw{k vm{v koq{ppxlbgov ikq umblqqkbkovq kv ikq xlqw{kq f“lodgigvlmo/



65

8/77/1"Ambpkoqgvlmo d|fxm"ìikavxmi|vlw{k

Kiik fmlv vkolx ambpvk fkq fìqmxfxkq pxìqkovq g{ bmbkov fk ig blqk ko pigak f{ vxglvkbkov)fkq pkxvkq gvvkof{kq f{xgov ik vxglvkbkov kv ikq hkqmloq fk bglovkogoak w{mvlflkook ko kg{ kv koìikavxmi|vkq/ Akq hkqmloq fmlukov kqvlbkx q{x {ok hgqk xgvlmookiik pi{q w{k agia{iìq/

I“gppxìalgvlmo w{gilvgvluk kv w{govlvgvluk fkq pkxv{xhgvlmoq xkpmqk q{x i“dlqvmlxk ailolw{k) q{xikq qlcokq ailolw{kq kv ikq q|bpvöbkq gloql w{k q{x akxvgloq ktgbkoq ambpiìbkovglxkqhlmimclw{kq/ Ig bkq{xk mhnkavluk fk ig xìpmoqk f{ pgvlkov g{t pxkbläxkq dk{xkq fk igxìgolbgvlmo kqv {ok amoelxbgvlmo pxìalk{qk f{ flgcomqvla kv fk i“ìugi{gvlmo w{govlvgvluk fkqpkxv{xhgvlmoq/ [ok umlk uklok{qk fmlv îvxk pigaìk pm{x amxxlckx ikq pkxv{xhgvlmoq g{ olukg{fkq ambpgxvlbkovq ilw{lflkoq kv fkq amoakovxgvlmoq lmolw{kq/ Akq pkxv{xhgvlmoq qmov f“g{vgovpi{q lbpmxvgovkq kv pi{q cxgukq w{k ik xkvgxf vdìxgpk{vlw{k kqv imoc kv w{k ik qläck fki“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik kqv flqvgi/ Li kqv oìakqqglxk f“gvvkofxk ikq keekvq fk ig amxxkavlmo) bîbkpgxvlkiik) gugov f“mpìxkx ik pgvlkov/ Gugov i“lof{avlmo gokqvdìqlw{k) li eg{v xkbpilx ik pgvlkov /;5

8/77/6"Gfgpvgvlmo fk ig pkxe{qlmo uklok{qk

Ikq umi{bkq fkq pkxe{qlmoq fmlukov îvxk gfgpvìq ko emoavlmo f{ vxlpik fìelalv umi{blw{k)galfm"hgqlw{k) d|fxmìikavxmi|vlw{k/ Li eg{v vkolx ambpvk fk i“èck f{ pgvlkov) fk qkq govìaìfkovqagxflmugqa{iglxkq) i“ktlqvkoak f“{ok gvvklovk emoavlmookiik xìogik vm{v ko q{xukliigov ig pxkqqlmouklok{qk akovxgik/ Li eg{v ìulvkx vm{vk ambpkoqgvlmo hx{vgik) ig q{xukliigoak ailolw{k kqv hgqìkq{x ikq adleexkq f{ pm{iq) fk ig vkoqlmo gxvìxlkiik) q{x i“g{qa{ivgvlmo fkq pm{bmoq kv {ok qmofk{xloglxk pm{x ig fl{xäqk dmxglxk/ [ok govlhlmpxmpd|igtlk;3 $ckxbkq à cxgb oìcgvle kvgogìxmhlkq, kqv oìakqqglxk kv fmlv îvxk xkom{ukiìk ko emoavlmo fk ig pdgxbgamaloìvlw{k kv f{fkcxì f“loekavlmo) ik qm{igckbkov f{ pgvlkov à i“glfk f“govgiclw{k kqv lbpmxvgovk/ Qkimoi“ìvlmimclk ig ikuìk f“maai{qlmo pk{v q“keekav{kx qpmovgoìbkov qm{q vxglvkbkov bìflagi) ql kiikpkxqlqvk li eg{v xkam{xlx à ig adlx{xclk/

8/77/;"Vxglvkbkov adlx{xclagi fkq maai{qlmoq

Gpxäq i“gokqvdìqlk) ig umlk f“ghmxf fìpkofxg fk ig imagilqgvlmo fk i“mhqvgaik) kiik amoqlqvk qmlvko {ok loalqlmo bìflgok à adkugi qm{q mbhlilagik) qmlv ko {ok vxgoqukxqgik q{q mbhlilagik m{loc{logik) ig aőilmqamplk pk{v îvxk {vlilqìk g{qql/ I“ktpimxgvlmo fmlv îvxk ambpiävk qgoqktakqqluk) li eg{v gppxìalkx ig ulvgilvì fkq goqkq/ Ig vkadolw{k mpìxgvmlxk kqv emoavlmo f{flgcomqvla/

8/78"Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq

Ikq dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq qk flulqkov ko fk{t cxm{pkq >

• Ikq dkxolkq ktvkxokq• Ikq dkxolkq lovkxokq amocìolvgikq m{ gaw{lqkq



63

8/78/7" Dkxolkq ktvkxokq loc{logikq) ax{xgikq m{ mbhlilagikq

[ok dkxolk ktvkxok qk fìelolv ambbk ik pgqqgck fk ulqaäxkq ghfmblog{t à vxgukxq {okfìdlqakoak amocìolvgik m{ gaw{lqk fk ig pgxml ghfmblompkiulkook qm{q i“keekv fkq egavk{xq w{lg{cbkovkov ig pxkqqlmo lovxg ghfmblogik $pmlfq im{xfq) DHP) d|pmpxmvìloìblk kva/,/ Kiikq qmov

xkqpmoqghikq fk <; + fkq maai{qlmoq q{x dkxolkq/ Ak pm{xakovgck ugxlk ko emoavlmo fkqamoflvlmoq qmalmìamomblw{kq/ Ik flgcomqvla qk eglv ailolw{kbkov) ig vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk kqv{vlik pm{x ik{x fìvkavlmo adk~ ikq pgvlkovq mhäqkq) pm{x i“gogi|qk fk ik{x amovko{ $cxîik) aöimo)ìplpimmo) kva/, kv ig xkadkxadk fk ambpilagvlmoq à v|pk fk qvxgoc{igvlmo/ Kiikq qmovaigqqlw{kbkov vxglvìkq qìpgxìbkov fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq/

8/78/8"Dkxolkq lovkxokq amocìolvgikq m{ gaw{lqkq

Dkxolkq lovkxokq gaw{lqkq > Kiikq xkofkov ambpvk f“{ok pkvlvk exgavlmo fkq agq f“maai{qlmo f{cxîik) ambpxlqk kovxk 0)5 kv ;)4+;4/ Ikq dkxolkq lovkxokq gaw{lqkq qmov ig amoqìw{koak f{pgqqgck f“{o qkcbkov lovkqvlogi g{ vxgukxq f“{o mxlelak axìk pgx {o bmovgck adlx{xclagi

$ghqkoak) fìeg{vq m{ x{pv{xk fk pìxlvmolqgvlmo) mxlelakq vxgoqbìqkovkxlw{kq m{vxgoqbqìmamilw{kq) mxlelak fk amimqvmblkq kva/,/

Dkxolkq lovkxokq amocìolvgikq > Ikq pi{q exìw{kovkq qmov ikq dkxolkq pgxg f{mfìogikq $;1+,fxmlvk kv cg{adk/ Kiikq qmov vxmlq emlq pi{q exìw{kovkq adk~ i“dmbbk w{k adk~ ig ekbbk) igbmlvlì fk akq dkxolkq qmov gq|bpvmbgvlw{kq kv ig fìam{ukxvk qk eglv emxv{lvkbkov imxq f“{okigpgxmvmblk/ Ik{x vxglvkbkov fmlv vkolx ambpvk fkq xgppmxvq ugqa{iglxkq fk i“mxlelak pìxlvmoìgiguka i“gxväxk bìqkovìxlw{k q{pìxlk{xk pm{x ikq dkxolkq pgxg f{mfìogikq fxmlvkq) guka ig uklokbìqkovìxlw{k loekxlk{xk kv i“gxväxk amilw{k q{pìxlk{xk cg{adk pm{x ikq dkxolkq pgxg f{mfìogikqcg{adkq/ Ikq dkxolkq vxgoqbìqkovkxlw{kq xkpxìqkovkov 78+) ig imagilqgvlmo ig pi{q exìw{kovk kqvik bìqkoväxk fk i“liìmo vkxblogi/ Ikq dkxolkq f{ vxgukxq f{ dlgv{q fk Sloqims $4+,) ikq dkxolkq

pgxgagkagikq $5+,) ikq dkxolkq fk ig emqqkvvk qlcbmíflkook $5+,) ikq dkxolkq g{ vxgukxq f{ cxgofìplpimmo $;+,/ Ik flgcomqvla qk eglv à i“glfk fk qagookx w{l xìuäik ig pxìqkoak f“goqkq fligvìkqfgoq ig emqqk bìqkovkxlampmxvgik fk Sgifk|kx à vxgukxq {o mxlelak qlv{ì fkxxläxk i“gxväxkbìqkovìxlw{k q{pìxlk{xk g{ olukg{ fk ig pmxvlmo dmxl~movgik f{ vxmlqläbk f{mfìo{b/

8/71"Maai{qlmo q{x hxlfkq

Ikq hxlfkq m{ gfdìxkoakq pìxlvmoìgikq qmov ig ag{qk ig pi{q ambb{ok fkq maai{qlmoq f{ cxîikfgoq ikq pg|q maalfkovg{t) kiikq n{qvlelkov 1)1 à ;+ fkq igpgxmvmblkq ;<) {o vlkxq fkq maai{qlmoqlovkqvlogikq/ [o vlkxq fkq maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq q{xulkov fgoq ig pxkbläxk gooìk w{l q{lvi“lovkxukovlmo bglq i“maai{qlmo q{x hxlfkq pk{v q{xukolx bîbk gpxäq 80 goq fk i“lovkxukovlmo

lolvlgik/ Fäq ikq pxkbläxkq dk{xkq pmqvmpìxgvmlxkq fkq gfdìxkoakq elhxk{qkq gppgxglqqkov) akvvkelhxlok kqv qmlv vmvgikbkov xìqmxhìk qmlv xkbgolìk pgx fkq elhxmhigqvkq qm{q emxbkf“gfdìxkoakq elhxk{qkq/ G ig pdgqk pmqvmpìxgvmlxk pxìamak m{ q{lugov {o pxmakqq{q loekavlk{tlovxg pìxlvmoìgi ikq gfdìxkoakq qmov flee{qkq) ìvkof{kq kv hlko ugqa{igxlqìkq/ Gpxäq 1 bmlq) kiikqqmov loflulf{gilqìkq kv bmloq ìvkof{kq/

Ktpìxlbkovgikbkov) ko fkdmxq fkq hxlfkq amocìolvgikq) akxvgloq egavk{xq qkbhikov lbpilw{ìqfgoq ig q{xuko{k fkq hxlfkq omvgbbkov ikq givìxgvlmoq fk ig qìxk{qk pìxlvmoìgik) ikq ~mokq



64

f“lqadìblk vlqq{iglxk) ikq exgcbkovq fìulvgilqìq ko gugi fkq ilcgv{xkq) i“{vlilqgvlmo fk bgvìxlkiqfk q{v{xk cìoìxgvk{x f“loeigbbgvlmo $agvc{v,) ik vgia fkq cgovq adlx{xclag{t kv ikqlxxgflgvlmoq/50I“gogvmblk pgvdmimclw{k fkq hxlfkq g fkq amoqìw{koakq q{x ik bìagolqbk fki“maai{qlmo) ikq hxlfkq pxmumw{kov {ok gcci{vlogvlmo fkq goqkq) kiikq fkulkookovq|bpvmbgvlw{kq imxqw{“ kiikq qk vxm{ukov ko pmqlvlmo ulalk{qk pm{x ik vxgoqlv

lovkqvlogi$am{xh{xkq) pilagv{xkq,/ Ik xlqw{k bgnk{x f{ vxglvkbkov fkq maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq kqv igxìalfluk/ Ikq pgvlkovq g|gov pxìqkovì {ok pxkbläxk maai{qlmo q{x hxlfkq) xlqw{kov f“îvxkxìalfluìq fgoq ; à 7;+/ Gav{kiikbkov) ikq ìv{fkq ok fìvkxblokov ik xlqw{k qkimo i“ghmxfadlx{xclagi) aőilmqamplk m{ igpgxmvmblk /57

8/76"Lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik

I“lougclogvlmo) qm{q i“keekv f{ pìxlqvgivlqbk) f“{o qkcbkov lovkqvlogi fgoq aki{l qlv{ì ko gugi kqv{o bìagolqbk pgxvla{ilkx gqqmalgov à ig emlq {ok mhqvx{avlmo kv fkq xlqw{kq f“lqadìblk kv fkoìaxmqk/ Ik xkvm{x uklok{t kqv ambpxmblq fgoq ik qkcbkov lougcloì ak w{l pxmumw{k {oőfäbk) fkq dìbmxxgclkq qm{q"b{w{k{qkq kv {ok oìaxmqk lovkqvlogik/ Kiikq qmov xgxkq adk~

i“gf{ivk ; à 75+/ Kiikq qmov pxmumw{ìkq pgx {ok gombgilk fk ig pgxml lovkqvlogik $v{bk{x)pmi|pk,/ Qkimo ig ogv{xk kv ik qläck fk i“mhqvgaik) li q“gclv f“lougclogvlmo liìm"liìgik) liìmaåagikm{ amim amilw{k/ Ik flgcomqvla qk eglv pgx ig q{xuko{k hx{vgik fkq q|bpvöbkq) i“gqpkav fkqqkiikq) ig pgipgvlmo f{ hm{flo f“lougclogvlmo/ Ig vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk xìuäik ig pxìqkoak fkcxglqqk g{vm{x fk i“goqk pxmtlbgik mhqvx{ìk) ikq uglqqkg{t fk qmo bìqm pxmhghik fgoq i“goqkf“gugi fmoogov {ok lbgck ko alhik vm{v ko xkadkxadgov {ok iìqlmo qm{q ngakovk 58 kv ài“ìadmcxgpdlk {ok lbgck ko amagxfk/ Ik vxglvkbkov pk{v îvxk adlx{xclagi m{ bìflagi/

8/7;"Umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk

Li kqv amoqlfìxì ambbk {ok pgvdmimclk f{ q{nkv ècì) q{xukogov guka {ok exìw{koak adk~

i“dmbbk kv adk~ ig ekbbk fk pi{q fk 50 à 30 goq ko bm|kook/ Ikq egavk{xq pxìflqpmqgovq > ikfmiladmqlcbmífk amocìolvgi m{ gaw{lq) {o bìqm amimo imoc) xìvxìal g{ olukg{ fk qkq gvvgadkqpgxlìvgikq/ Kiik g {ok exìw{koak pgxvla{iläxk fgoq ikq döplvg{t cìxlgvxlw{kq kv ikq bglqmoq fkxkvxglvk/ Akxvglokq ìv{fkq q{ccäxkov ig amoqvlpgvlmo adxmolw{k) i“gh{q fk igtgvle gloql i“keekvfìiìväxk fk flukxq fxmc{kq q{x ig bmvxlalvì lovkqvlogik > $govladmilokxclw{k) vxgow{liilqgovq)govlpgxjloqmolkoq,/51 Ig dg{vk vkok{x ko elhxk f{ xìclbk gilbkovglxk kqv loaxlbloìk u{ igexìw{koak fgoq akxvglokq xìclmoq $Lxgo) X{qqlk) Bgxma,/ Akxvglokq amoflvlmoq g{cbkovkov ikxlqw{k fk umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk > bgigflk fk Adgcgq) hxlfkq gfdìxkovlkiikq) ig cxmqqkqqk m{ igpìxlmfk f{ pmqv pgxv{b/ Ik vghikg{ ailolw{k kqv amoqvlv{ì fk amilw{kq ghfmblogikq) bìvìmxlqbklbpmxvgov) flee{q/ Ikq umblqqkbkovq qmov lodghlv{kiq/ Ikq qlcokq pìxlvmoìg{t fìekoqk m{amovxgav{xk qmov ktakpvlmookiq kv qgoq xkigvlmo guka ik xlqw{k fk oìaxmqk fk i“goqk umiu{iìk fgoq

3 à 7; +/ Ig vkbpìxgv{xk kqv pxkqw{k vm{nm{xq omxbgik/Fkq qlcokq cìoìxg{t qmov omvìq fgoq {o vlkxq fkq agq) fkq govìaìfkovq fk amimpgvdlkq kv m{ fkqìplqmfkq lfkovlw{kq guka xìqmi{vlmo qpmovgoìk fgoq 6; à ;0+ fkq agq/ Ik flgcomqvla qk eglvfgoq 50 à 40+ à i“ghfmbko qgoq pxìpgxgvlmo kv w{l xìuäik {ok flqpgxlvlmo fkq dg{qvxgvlmoqfk i“goqk fligvìk ko xìgilqgov {ok lbgck fk ª v{hk lovkxok am{xhk º/ [ok vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlkguka m{ qgoq igukbkov mpgw{k fmlv îvxk fkbgofìk fgoq ikq agq gbhlc{/ I“gqpkav agxgavìxlqvlw{kkqv {ok lbgck ª ko hka f“mlqkg{56 º m{ ª amxo{k º guka {ok gbpm{ik xkavgik xkbpilk/ Ig



6<

xkavmqlcbmlfmqamplk amoelxbk ik flgcomqvla) gppxìalk i“ìvgv lqadìblw{k m{ omo fk igb{w{k{qk/ Kiik pkxbkv ig blqk ko pigak f“{ok qmofk xkavgik w{l pkxbkv {ok fìvmxqlmo qlt emlqq{x flt/ Ikq umiu{i{q f{ aöimo pkiulko qmov fk ambpilagvlmoq cxgukq) ig bmxvgilvì cimhgik kqvfk i“mxfxk fk 80 +/ Ig bmxvgilvì kqv loei{koaìk pgx i“ìvgv f{ aöimo umiu{iì) kiik pgqqk fk 78 +imxqw{k ik aöimo kqv ulghik à pi{q fk ;0+ imxqw{“li kqv cgocxäoì/5;

8/75"V{bk{xq f{ cxîik

Ikq v{bk{xq bgilcokq pxlblvlukq pxlbglxkq m{ qkamofglxkq qmov xkqpmoqghikq koulxmo 7;+ fkqmaai{qlmoq f{ cxîik/ Ikq v{bk{xq qkamofglxkq qmov flt emlq pi{q exìw{kovkq/ Ikq maai{qlmoqpxmukogov fkq v{bk{xq hìolcokq qmov ktakpvlmookiikq/ Ikq iìlmb|mbkq qmov ikq v{bk{xqhìolcokq f{ cxîik ikq pi{q exìw{kovkq) kiikq qk fìukimppkov ik pi{q qm{ukov ko qm{q"qìxk{qk/Imxqw{k ig pxmileìxgvlmo qk eglv ko qm{q"b{w{k{qk) ik iìlmb|mbk pxkof {o gqpkav pmi|pk{tlovxgi{blogi kv pk{v îvxk à i“ mxlclok f“{ok lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik/ Ikq ilpmbkq55 kv ikq v{bk{xqok{xmcäok $ok{xlombkq) qadsgoombkq, qmov xgxkq/

8/73"V{bk{xq bgilcokq pxlblvlukq5<

8/73/7"V{bk{xq pxlblvlukq53

8/73/8"Ikq gfìomagxalombkq

Ikq gfìomagxalombkq fk i“gocik f{mfkomnkn{ogi m{ f{ nìn{om"liìmo qmov ikq pi{q exìw{kovq)i“gogvmbmpgvdmimclk ko ulxmik fk ig v{bk{x xkof ambpvk fk qmo xlqw{k maai{qle/ G igvmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk mo mhqkxuk {o ìpglqqlqqkbkov fìfleeìxkoalì kv qvìomqgov fk ig pgxmlflckqvluk ko ulxmik guka loelivxgvlmo fk ig cxglqqk gfngakovk kv gfìombìcgilkq pìxlv{bmxgikq/ Igvmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk pkxbkv fk eglxk g{qql ik hligo f“ktvkoqlmo/54

8/73/1"I|bpdmbkq

Ikq i|bpdmbkq f{ cxîik qmov xkqpmoqghikq fk eläuxk) fk flgxxdìk) fìo{vxlvlmo) goìblk/ Liq movflgcomqvlw{ì-q à i“maagqlmo f“{ok v{bk{x pgipghik) f“{ok pkxemxgvlmo m{ f“{ok maai{qlmoambpiävk/ Q{x ig vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk ghfmblompkiulkook) liq qmov xkqpmoqghikq f“{oìpglqqlqqkbkov pgxlìvgik fìfleeìxkoalì fkq goqkq guka {ok kavgqlk fk ig i{bläxk flckqvluk kv pk{vîvxk mhqvx{avle pgx ambpxkqqlmo ktvxloqäw{k m{ loelivxgvlmo fkq goqkq gfngakovkq/

8/73/6"Iklmb|mqgxambkq5<

Ikq iklmb|mqgxambkq qk xìuäikov ik pi{q qm{ukov pgx ik{x umi{bk) pgx fkq ambpilagvlmoqdìbmxxgclw{kq m{ pkxemxbgvlukq w{k pgx {ok maai{qlmo/



;0

8/73/;"V{bk{xq qvxmbgikq m{ agxalomífkq

Kiikq qmov dghlv{kiikbkov {olw{kq kv b{ivlpikq fgoq 10+ fkq agq/ Kiikq pk{ukov flgcomqvlw{kxgugov bîbk fk fmookx fkq ambpilagvlmoq maai{qlukq ko xglqmo fk i“ktpxkqqlmo ailolw{k m{flckqvluk f{ q|ofxmbk agxalomífk/ Imxqw{k ikq agxalomífkq qmov à i“mxlclok f“{ok maai{qlmo) liq

qmov fìnà g{ qvgfk fk bìvgqvgqkq cgocilmooglxkq) dìpgvlw{kq/ Q{x ig vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlkghfmblompkiulkook) kiikq qläckov pxìeìxkovlkiikbkov fgoq i“liìmo qm{q emxbk fk omf{ikd|pkxugqa{iglxk g{ vkbpq gxvìxlki kv pk{ukov îvxk xkqpmoqghikq fk i“maai{qlmo qmlv pgxbìqkovìxlvk xìvxgavlik kovm{xgov ikq goqkq cxîikq à pgxml ìpglqqk/30

8/74"V{bk{xq bgilcokq qkamofglxkq

[ok maai{qlmo pk{v îvxk ik bmfk fk xìuìigvlmo fkq bìvgqvgqkq q{x ik cxîik fk agoakx flckqvle m{ktvxg flckqvle/

8/74/7"Agoakxq f{ aöimo

Ikq gfìomagxalombkq qmov ig ag{qk ig pi{q exìw{kovk f“maai{qlmo amilw{k/ Ko Exgoak 30 + fkqmaai{qlmoq amilw{kq qmov f{kq g{ agoakx) 75+ fkq agoakxq amimxkavg{t qmov flgcomqvlw{ìq g{qvgfk f“maai{qlmo/ Ak vg{t g{cbkovk guka i“èck pm{x gvvklofxk 8;+ g{ fkqq{q fk 40 goq/

Qläck

Fk{t maai{qlmoq oìmpigqlw{kq q{x vxmlq qläckov q{x ik aöimo cg{adk gogvmblw{k/ Mo q{ppmqkw{k akig kqv fú g{ flgbävxk f{ aöimo) ik v|pk qw{lxxdk{t loelivxgov fkq v{bk{xq) igfìqd|fxgvgvlmo fkq qkiikq/ Ik xlqw{k kqv pi{q ìikuì $60+, pm{x ikq v{bk{xq fk i“gocik qpiìolw{kkv fkqakofgov/ Ik xlqw{k kqv ik pi{q eglhik $;+, pm{x ikq v{bk{xq f{ xkav{b) 84+ fkq v{bk{xq

f{ qlcbmífk qmov flgcomqvlw{kq g{ qvgfk f“maai{qlmo/

37

Fìh{v fkq qlcokq ailolw{kq

Li xkbmovk à 3 nm{xq ko bm|kook) li fgvk fk bmloq f“{o bmlq adk~ 10+ fkq bgigfkq) {o w{gxvfkq bgigfkq pxìqkovkov fkq govìaìfkovq fk vxm{hik f{ vxgoqlv/ G i“gfblqqlmo 30 à 4;+ qkpiglcokov fk fm{ik{xq ghfmblogikq) f“lovkoqlvì bmfìxìk 30+) f“loqvgiigvlmo pxmcxkqqluk$56+,) fk qläck ugxlghik/ Ikq umblqqkbkovq qm{igckov ikq bgigfkq fgoq $70+, fkq agq) i“gxxîvf{ vxgoqlv pi{q okv pm{x ikq bgvläxkq w{k pm{x ikq cg~ fgoq 3; à 4;+ fkq agq/ Ik bìvìmxlqbkkqv exìw{kov $30 à <0+ fkq agq,/ Ikq qlcokq cìoìxg{t qmov ugxlghikq/ Ig eläuxk q{pìxlk{xk à 14fkcxì A kqv xgxk /Akxvglokq emlq) mo pk{v omvkx fkq qlcokq fk fìqd|fxgvgvlmo kv {ok bgqqk pkxã{kà ig pgipgvlmo m{ g{ vm{adkx pkiulko 38/ Fgoq 75+ fkq agq) fkq qlcokq pìxlvmoìg{t fk fìekoqkgppgxglqqkov/

8/74/8"Ailadk f“GQP

[ok flqvkoqlmo gìxlw{k m{ fkq olukg{t d|fxmgìxlw{kq fgoq fk{t vlkxq fkq agq) pkxbkv fkflgcomqvlw{kx i“maai{qlmo amilw{k fgoq <0 + fkq agq kv {o pok{bmpìxlvmlok vìbmlcok igpkxemxgvlmo v{bmxgik/31



;7

8/74/1"Vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk ghfmblompkiulkook

Kiik pkxbkv fk eglxk ik flgcomqvla) fìvkxblok ig vmpmcxgpdlk kv qm{ukov i“ìvlmimclk/I“gfìomagxalombk qk vxgf{lv pgx {o ìpglqqlqqkbkov fìfleeìxkoalì kv qvìomqgov fk ig pgxmlflckqvluk ko ulxmik guka pgxemlq loelivxgvlmo fk ig cxglqqk gfngakovk kv gfìombìcgilkq

pìxlv{bmxgikq/ Kiik lfkovlelk ikq qlcokq fk cxgulvì $pkxemxgvlmo) pok{bgvmqk pgxlìvgik,) kiik eglvik hligo f“ktvkoqlmo/

8/74/6"Igukbkov mpgw{k

Ql ig vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk ok pk{v pgq îvxk xìgilqìk) li eg{v fkbgofkx {o igukbkov d|fxmqmi{hikimxqw{k i“mo xkfm{vk {ok pkxemxgvlmo v{bmxgik m{ q“li ktlqvk fkq qlcokq loekavlk{t $eläuxk)fìekoqk pìxlvmoìgik,/ Li amoelxbk i“maai{qlmo kv ìumw{k ik flgcomqvla fgoq 3; à 40+ fkq agq$lbgck iga{oglxk,/

8/74/;"Xkavmqlcbmlfmqamplk m{ amimqamplk

Ko agq f“{xckoak {ok xkavmqlcbmlfmqamplk pk{v îvxk xìgilqìk/

8/74/5"Pxmomqvla

Li fìpkof f{ qvgfk dlqvmimclw{k fk i“èck f{ pgvlkov kv ikq vgxkq gqqmalìq/

8/74/3"Ambpilagvlmoq kv bmxvgilvì mpìxgvmlxk

Ikq ambpilagvlmoq qmov pi{q exìw{kovkq adk~ ikq pgvlkovq mpìxìq ko maai{qlmo/ Ik vg{t fkqambpilagvlmoq qkpvlw{kq lovxg pìxlvmoìgikq g{vxkq w{k ikq elqv{ikq kv ik vg{t f“loekavlmoq

p{ibmoglxkq qmov pi{q ìikuìq/ Ig bmxvgilvì mpìxgvmlxk fkq v{bk{xq mpìxìkq à exmlf kqv fk i“mxfxkfk ;+$6)6+-77+,) akiikq mpìxìkq ko maai{qlmo ambpxlqk kovxk ; à 7; + fìpkofkbbkov fk igimagilqgvlmo kv f{ vxglvkbkov pxgvlw{ì/ Ig q{xulk à ; goq fkq agoakxq amilw{kq mpìxìq komaai{qlmo kqv cimhgikbkov fk 6; + $84 g 58+, vm{q qvgfkq dlqvmimclw{kq amoemof{q gimxq w{k ikvg{t kqv fk 51 +$;5 à 30 +, 36 pm{x ikq lovkxukovlmoq pigolelìkq/

8/7<"Maai{qlmoq kv gombgilkq amocìolvgikq

8/7</7"Bìqkoväxk ambb{o

Ak qmov ikq gombgilkq fk xmvgvlmo m{ f“gaamikbkov fk i“goqk lovkqvlogik pxlblvluk) qg pkxqlqvgoak

pxmumw{k {ok pgvdmimclk qpìalelw{kbkov maai{qluk/ Ig pxmhghlilvì fk q{xuko{k f“gaalfkovqpgvdmimclw{kq flb{olk guka i“èck/ Ikq gombgilkq fk xmvgvlmo ag{qkov 0)8 à 7)6 + fkqmaai{qlmoq pgx umiu{i{q adk~ i“gf{ivk3; kv {o vlkxq fkq umiu{i{q q{x gombgilkq fk xmvgvlmoq{xulkov gpxäq 74 goq/

Ik vghikg{ ailolw{k kqv hx{vgi bgxw{k pgx fkq fm{ik{xq ghfmblogikq) ig xgplflvì f“loqvgiigvlmo kvi“lovkoqlvì fk i“d|umiìblk/ Ik flgcomqvla kv ig pxlqk ko adgxck xgplfk pk{ukov ìulvkx {okxìqkavlmo bgqqluk f“goqkq cxîikq/



;8

8/7</8"Flukxvla{ikq fk Bkajki

Ik flukxvla{ik fk Bkajki $Elc/8;, kqv {ok gombgilk liìgik amocìolvgik xkoamovxìk fgoq 7 à 6+fkq igpgxmvmblkq35) a“kqv {ok pkxqlqvgoak f{ agogi ulvkiilo) qlv{ì kovxk 60 kv 710 ab fk igugiu{ik fk Hg{dlo) qläck f“dìvìxmvmplkq vlqq{iglxkq guka xlqw{k fk ambpilagvlmoq 73 à 83 + fkq

agq33

/ Ik xlqw{k fk ambpilagvlmo flb{olk guka i“èck kv kqv loeìxlk{x à 8 + gpxäq 10 goq/ Ikqmaai{qlmoq bìagolw{kq xkpxìqkovkov 65 à 51 + fk i“koqkbhik fkq ambpilagvlmoq/ Ik flukxvla{ikfk Bkajki kqv ik pmlov fk fìpgxv f“{ok cxgofk ugxlìvì fk v{bk{xq bgilcokq kv hìolcokq$v{bk{xq uliik{qkq) agxalombk fk v|pk lovkqvlogi m{ cgqvxlw{k) iìlmb|mbk) iklmb|mqgxambk)v{bk{xq ok{xmcäokq) agxalomífk,/

I“maai{qlmo bìagolw{k kqv ig ambpilagvlmo flukxvla{iglxk ig pi{q exìw{kovk adk~ i“gf{ivk/ Ikbìagolqbk f“maai{qlmo kqv ugxlghik > maai{qlmoq loeigbbgvmlxkq pgxgi|vlw{kq) lougclogvlmolovkqvlogik) eltgvlmo f{ flukxvla{ik à i“mbhlila m{ ko vm{v g{vxk pmlov fk i“ghfmbko/ Ig eltgvlmokqv xkqpmoqghik fk am{f{xkq) qvìomqkq) umiu{i{q kv hxlfkq/ G ig ailolw{k mo g {ok maai{qlmoexgoadk) pgxemlq hx{vgik) fkq emxbkq gv|plw{kq) fìxm{vgovkq qk bgolekqvgov ambbk {ok

q{hmaai{qlmo g ìvì mhqkxuìk/8/80"Amxpq ìvxgockxq

I“lockqvlmo gaalfkovkiik fk amxpq ìvxgockxq kqv pi{q exìw{kovk adk~ i“koegov) adk~ ikq q{nkvqpmxvk{xq fk pxmvdäqkq fkovglxkq) adk~ ikq bgigfkq pq|adlgvxlw{kq kv xkvgxfkq bkovg{t/ W{gvxk"ulocv"flt akovq fkq amxpq gugiìq q{lukov qgoq koambhxk ik vxgoqlv flckqvle) 70+ xkpìxìq pgxkofmqamplk kv 7 + oìakqqlvk {ok lovkxukovlmo adlx{xclagik34/ Ikq ambpilagvlmoq fìpkofkov fk igvgliik kv f{ emxbk f{ amxpq ìvxgockx/ Liq pk{ukov ag{qkx fkq loeigbbgvlmoq) fkq pkxemxgvlmoqqvlb{igov {o vghikg{ fk pìxlvmolvk) f“maai{qlmo m{ fk q{hmaai{qlmo lovkqvlogik/ Ikq qläckqpxìeìxkovlkiq fk i“mhqvx{avlmo qmov ik f{mfìo{b kv i“liìmo vkxblogi/ Pgx ktkbpik ig blcxgvlmo

lovkqvlogik f{ hgiimo cgqvxlw{k Cgxxko"Kfsgxfq fgoq ik vxglvkbkov fk i“mhìqlvì bmxhlfk

3<

/

G i“lbgckxlk liq qmov xkpìxghikq) ig vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk ìumw{k {ok d|pkxfkoqlvì qpmovgoìkkofmi{blogik/ Li eg{v xkadkxadkx fkq qlcokq fk pkxemxgvlmo $pok{bmpìxlvmlok ilhxk,) i“liì{qhlilglxk kqv flgcomqvlw{ì pgx ig pxìqkoak f“gìxmhlilk vìbmlcogov {ok elqv{ik hlilmflckqvluk/40

8/80/7"Pd|vmhì~mgxfq

[o pd|vmhì~mgxf $Elc/83, kqv {ok amoaxìvlmo fk elhxkq uìcìvgikq $p{ipk f“mxgock) omlt fkamam) g{vxkq, w{l qk emxbk fgoq ig i{bläxk fk i“kqvmbga/ Akq pd|vmhì~mgxfq xkpxìqkovkov 8)<+fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq pgx mhqvx{avlmo47/ Ikq egavk{xq pxìflqpmqgovq qmov > ik flghävk)

i“d|pmvd|xmíflk $qvgqk cgqvxlw{k kv xgikovlqqkbkov f{ vxgoqlv lovkqvlogi,) ig qvgqk cgqvxlw{klflmpgvdlw{k) ik agoakx fk i“őqmpdgck m{ fkq hxmoadkq $kougdlqqkbkov fkq pok{bmcgqvxlw{kq,)ugcmvmblk vxmoa{iglxk kv akxvgloq bìflagbkovq $govlD8,) {ok bgqvlagvlmo loq{eelqgovkf“gilbkovq xladk ko akii{imqk) govìaìfkovq fk adlx{xclk cgqvxmf{mfìogik fgoq alow{govk"qltpm{x akovq fkq agq48/ Ik hì~mgxf maagqlmook ik pi{q qm{ukov {ok maai{qlmo nìn{ogik m{ liìgikpxmtlbgik 41/ Ig vmbmfkoqlvmbìvxlk xkvxm{uk {ok bgqqk kofmi{blogik flvk ª ko bmvvk ºguka fki“glx vxgppì f“gqpkav eìagi g{ olukg{ f{ qlvk fk i“mhqvx{avlmo46/ Ig xìalfluk gpxäq ktvxgavlmoxkpxìqkovk {o vlkxq fkq agq) f“mü ig oìakqqlvì fkq bkq{xkq d|clìom"flìvìvlw{kq kv ig pxìukovlmo/



;1

Elc/8; > flukxvla{ik fk Bkajki

Elc/85> Lockqvlmo fk amxpq ìvxgockx

Elc/83 > Qvgqk cgqvxlw{k fk amxpq ìvxgockxq



;6

1" Bìvdmfmimclk kv bgvìxlkiq



;;

Pm{x pxìqkovkx ak vxgugli) om{q {vlilqmoq ik c{lfk fk bìvdmfmimclk fk i“[olukxqlvì Omvxk Fgbkf“Dgívl kv ik c{lfk fk vdìqgxf fk Bglqmook{uk Dkxuì/

Om{q {vlilqmoq ik pxmvmamik q{lugov >

7"I“lovxmf{avlmo

8"Ig xku{k fk ig ilvvìxgv{xk

1"Ig bìvdmfmimclk

6"Ig pxìqkovgvlmo fkq xìq{ivgvq

;"Flqa{qqlmoq kv ambbkovglxkq

5"Amoai{qlmoq

3"Xkambbgofgvlmoq

4"Xìeìxkoakq hlhilmcxgpdlw{kq



;5

1"Bìvdmfmimclk

Pm{x ig bìvdmfmimclk om{q gumoq {vlilqì ikq ktpilagvlmoq fk omq pxmekqqk{xq fk adlx{xclk) om{qgumoq amoq{ivì akxvglokq p{hilagvlmoq fkq xku{kq qalkovlelw{kq lovkxogvlmogikbkov amoo{kq kv ikqm{uxgckq fk adlx{xclk/ Ikq fmooìkq mov ìvì xka{kliilkq fgoq ikq gxadlukq f{ hima mpìxgvmlxk fk

i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko fgoq ig pìxlmfk giigov fk ngoulkx 8004 à fìakbhxk 8077/

1/7"Bgvìxlkiq

Akvvk ìv{fk g ìvì xìgilqìk q{x 868 pgvlkovq mpìxìq) fk ngoulkx 8004 à fìakbhxk 8077 pm{xmaai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q gloql w{k ik qktk/ Akvvk ìv{fkxìvxmqpkavluk om{q pkxbkv fk amooglvxk ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êqbìagolw{kq à i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko/

Om{q ìv{flmoq ikq ugxlghikq q{lugovq >

• Ikq ìvlmimclkq fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q• ik qktk• ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq• Ig ugxlgvlmo fkq ìvlmimclkq ko emoavlmo f{ cxm{pk f“èck) kv fgoq akxvgloq pg|q

Akq fmooìkq qmov koxkclqvxìkq fgoq ikq agdlkxq f{ hima mpìxgvmlxk agx ik q|qväbk o“kqv pgqkoamxk loemxbgvlqì/ Ik xkclqvxk fk ig qgiik mpìxgvlmo fmook gaaäq g{t pgxgbävxkq q{lugovq >

• fgvk• èck• Qktk• flgcomqvla• v|pk f“lovkxukovlmo

Ik vxglvkbkov fkq fmooìkq g ìvì xìgilqì à i“glfk fkq imclalkiq Blaxmqmev Ktaki 8003 kv Smxf/



;3

>

6 " Pxìqkovgvlmo fkq xìq{ivgvq



;4

6/7"P{hilagvlmoq q{x ikq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq

F“gpxäq ig ilvvìxgv{xk) ikq hxlfkq xkpxìqkovkov ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikqglc{êq bìagolw{kq/ G{t Kvgvq [olq) 3;+ fkq pgvlkovq mpìxìq pm{x maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik glc{kbìagolw{k) ikq hxlfkq qkxmov à ig hgqk) qmlv pi{q fk 100/000 pgvlkovq pgx-go/

Xg| OE) Fkovmo SC) Vdgbkx B) kv gi> Ghfmblogi gfdkqlmi|qlq> Lopgvlkov agxk gofktpkoflv{xkq lo vdk [olvkf Qvgvkq lo 7<<6/ N Gb Amii Q{xc 7<<4:745>7

I“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik glc{k kqv {ok ag{qk ambb{ok fk i“ghfmbko glc{ adlx{xclagi) kiikxkpxìqkovk 80"8; + fkq agq/ Kiik qk imagilqk g{ olukg{ f{ cxîik fgoq 50+) qkimo i“ìvlmimclk mog > ikq hxlfkq $14);+,) dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq $87)3+,) ikq maai{qlmoq f{ aöimo qmov bmloqambb{okq/

C/Gockikiil kv gi/- K{xmpkgo nm{xogi me Xgflmimc| 40$8077,547"54;

I“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik xkpxìqkovk 80 + fkq agq) fgoq i“ghfmbko glc{ adlx{xclagi) 40+ fkqmaai{qlmoq qmov f“mxlclok cxîilw{k/ Ikq maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq xkpxìqkovkov $50+,) dkxolkqìvxgociìkq lovkxokq kv ktvkxokq $7;+,) oìmpigqbkq pxlbglxkq kv qkamofglxkq $7;+,) g{vxkq$70+,/

B/Qagcilmok kv gi/-K{xmpkgo nm{xogi me Xgflmimc| ;0$8006,7;"88

Qlx Bmxvlbkx H/Fgulq"Nkslqd Ckokxgi Dmqplvgi $Bmovxkgi) Agogfg,) {ok ìv{fk xìgilqìk q{x ;;8pgvlkovq pm{x 7007 gfblqqlmoq fk ngoulkx 7<45 à fìakbhxk 7<<5 g xìuìiì >

Maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq 36+) bgigflk fk Axmdo 3+) oìmpigqlk ;+) dkxolk ìvxgociìk 8+)

xgflgvlmo 7+) g{vxkq 77+/

Goo N Q{xc/8000: 740>11"15/

[ok ìv{fk xìvxmqpkavluk à i“Döplvgi Ogvlmogi f{ Olgbk| Olckx $Gexlw{k, q{x 368 pgvlkovq) pm{xq|ofxmbk ghfmblogi glc{k adlx{xclagi 7<<3"7<<4) ikq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq ko vîvk fkqìvlmimclkq 67+) q{lulkq fkq pìxlvmolvkq 84)4+) f“mxlclok v|pdlw{kq kv gppkofla{iglxkq >

Ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk 748$56+,) ik umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 14 $71+,) i“lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik 80$3+,) maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq q{x hxlfkq 87 $3+,) ikq lbpkxemxgvlmoq gomxkavgikq < $1+,)umiu{i{q f{ cxîik 8 $7+,) v{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq 71 $;+,) gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq 7 $0);+,/

\/ Dgxm{og kv gi) Bkfkalok f“Gexlw{k omlxk > 8007)64$8,



;<

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 7 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikq

ìvlmimclkq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q

Cxm{pk f“èck 0 à 95goq 5 à 974goq 74 à91<goq 1< à95;goq ?m{25;goq VmvgiDkxolkìvxgociìk

76 6 ;3 6< 81 763

Maai{qlmo q{xhxlfkq

7 3 70 < 6 17

Lougclogvlmolovkqvlogik

87 0 0 7 7 81

V{bk{xqlovkqvlogikq

0 0 8 7 5 <

Umiu{i{q f{qlcbmífk

0 0 1 1 8 4

Umiu{i{q f{cxîik

0 7 6 8 8 <

Bgiemxbgvlmoq. 5 0 0 0 0 5Flukxq. 7 1 8 8 7 <

.Bgiemxbgvlmoq $lbpkxemxgvlmoq gogikq)gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq,

.Flukxq $qvìomqk f{mfkomp|imxlw{k) qvìomqk gogik pmqv adlx{xclk) qvìomqk hm{adk amimqvmblk)maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq pgx eìagimbk,

Qm{xak> Xkclqvxk fk ig qgiik f“mpìxgvlmo fk i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk n{qvlolko fk Ngoulkx 8004 àFìakbhxk 8077/

57+71+

<+

6+

1+6+

8+

6+

Kvlmimclkq vm{q èckq amoemof{q

Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq

Maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq

Lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq

V{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq

Umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk

Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik

Bgiemxbgvlmoq

Flukxq



50

Vghikg{ 8 > Ambpgxglqmo fkq ìvlmimclkq fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kqD[N.) CD Bmovxkgi.) DOOO.

Dgívl$D[N,.

Ohxk - +

Agogfg$C D

Bmovxkgi,.

Ohxk - +

Gexlw{k$DOOO,.

Ohxk - +

Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 763 57+ 77 8+ 748 56+

Maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq

q{x hxlfkq

17 71+ 604 36+ 87 3+

Lougclogvlmoq

lovkqvlogikq

81 70+ 0 0+ 80 3+

Umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 4 1+ 0 0+ 14 71+

Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik < 6+ 0 0+ 8 7+

V{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq < 6+ 83 ;+ 71 ;+

Bgiemxbgvlmoq. 5 8+ 0 0+ 70 1+

Bgigflk fk Axmdo 0 0+ 14 3+ 0 0+

Flukxq. < 6+ 51 77+ 0 0+

Xgflgvlmo 0 0+ ; 7+ 0 0+

Vmvgi 868 ;;8 845

.D [ N> Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko .C D Bmovxìgi > Ckokxgi Dmqplvgi Bmovxìgi

.D O O O > Döplvgi Ogvlmogi f{ Olgbk| Olckx

.Bgiemxbgvlmoq $lbpkxemxgvlmoq gogikq) gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq,

.Flukxq $qvìomqk f{mfkomp|imxlw{k) qvìomqk gogik pmqv adlx{xclk) qvìomqk fk amimqvmblk) maai{qlmoq

lovkqvlogikq pgx eìagimbk,

0+

70+

80+

10+

60+

;0+

50+

30+

40+

Dgívl$D[N,

Agogfg$DOOO,

Gexlw{k$Olckx,



57

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 1 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq) qkimo ikqktk vm{q èckq amoemof{q

Qktk Ombhxk fk agq Pm{xakovgck

Bgqa{ilo 800 41+

Eìblolo 68 73+

Vmvgi 868

Qktk -Xgvlm 7E-6)3E


41+

73+

Qkimo ik qktk vm{q èckq amoemof{q

Bgqa{ilo

Eìblolo



58

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 6 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikqckqvkq keekav{ìq vm{q èckq amoemof{q

Dkxoxlmxxgpdlfk

Dkxolmvmblk

Xìqkavlmo

Gogqvmbmqk

Ktvxgavlmo

eìagimbk

Amimqvmblk

Fìumi{u{igvlmo

Fìqloug

clogvlmo

Gfdìqlmi|qk

Hm{clogck

Cgqvxm

Nìn{omqvmblk

783 78 15 8 75 4 4 85 8 ;

;8+ ;+ 7;+ 7+ 3+ 1+ 1+ 77+ 7+ 8+


;8+

;+

7;+

7+

3+

1+

1+ 77+

7+ 8+

Maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik qkimo ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq

Dkxolmxxgpdlkq Dkxolmvmblkq Xìqkav/Gogqv/ Hm{clogckq

Amimqvmblkq Fìumiu{igvlmoq Fìqlougclogvlmoq Gfdìqlmi|qkq

Xgbmogckq Cgqvxmnkn{omqv/



51

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk ; > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikqìvlmimclkq

Cxm{pk f“èck $0 à loekxlk{x à 5goq,

Kvlmimclkq Ombhxk Pm{xakovgck

Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 76 11+

Maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq 7 8+

Lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq 87 6<+

V{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq 0 0+Umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 0 0+Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik 0 +

Lbpkxemxgvlmo gogik 6 <+

Gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq 8 ;+Qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq 7 8+


11+

8+6<+

0+

0+ 0+<+

;+

8+ 0+

0 à 9 5 goq






Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik

Lbpkxemxgvlmo gogik

Gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq

Qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq



56

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 5 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq qkimo ikqìvlmimclkq

Cxm{pk f“èck $5 goq à loekxlk{x à 74goq,


Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 6 83+Maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq 3 63+

Lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq 0 0+

V{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq 0 0+

Umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 0 0+Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik 7 3+Lbpkxemxgvlmo gogik 0 0+Gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq 0 0+

Qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq 7 3+Maai{qlmoq-eìagimbk 8 71+


83+

65+

0+

0+

0+ 3+

0+

0+3+

71+

5 goq à 9 74goq






Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik

Lbpkxemxgvlmo gogik





5;


Cxm{pk f“èck $74 goq à loekxlk{x à 1< goq,


Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq ;3 31+q{x hxlfkq 70 71+

Lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq 0 0+Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik 6 ;+V{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq 8 1+Umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 1 6+Lbpkxemxgvlmo gogik 0 0+Gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq 0 0+Qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq 8 1+Maai{qlmoq-eìagimbk 0 0


31+

71+

0+

8+6+

;+ 0+ 0+ 1+0+

74 goq à 91<goq

Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq Maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq Lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq

V{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq Umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik

Lbpkxemxgvlmo gogik Gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq Qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq

Maai{qlmoq-eìagimbk



55


Cxm{pk f“èck $1< goq à loekxlk{x à 5; goq,

Kvlmimclkq Ombhxk Pm{xakovgck Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 6< 31+

Maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq q{xhxlfkq < 71+

Lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq 7 7+Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik 8 1+V{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq 7 7+Umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 1 6+Lbpkxemxgvlmo gogik 0 0+Gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq 0 0+Qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq 8 1+Maai{qlmoq-eìagimbk 0 0+


31+

71+

8+ 8+6+

1+

0+

0+

1+ 0+

1< goq à 9 5; goq






Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik

Lbpkxemxgvlmo gogik



Maai{qlmoq-eìagimbk



53

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk < > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq) qkimo ikqìvlmimclkq

Cxm{pk f“èck $q{pìxlk{x m{ ìcgi à 5; goq,

Kvlmimclkq Ombhxk Pm{xakovgck Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 81 ;<+

Maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq 6 70+Lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq 7 1+

Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik 8 ;+

V{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq 5 7;+

Umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 8 ;+Lbpkxemxgvlmo gogik 0 0+Gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq 0 0+Qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq 7 1+

Maai{qlmoq-eìagimbk 0 0


;<+

70+

1+

7;+

;+;+

0+

0+

1+ 0+

?m{25;goq






Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik

Lbpkxemxgvlmo gogikGvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq




54

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 70 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q

0 à 95goq 5goq à 974goq 74goq à

91<goq

1< goqà 95;goq

Q{pìxlk{xm{ ìcgià 5;goq

76 6 ;3 6< 81

70+ 1+ 1<+ 11+ 75+

0

70

80

10

60

;0

50

0 à 95goq 5goq à 9 74goq 74goq à 91<goq1<goqà 9 5;goq ?m{25;goq

Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q

Qkxlkq7



5<

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 77 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq) qkimo ik qktk

Bgqa{ilo 71; Eìblolo 78 Qktk-Xgvlm 7D -6E


<8+

4+

Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq qkimo ik qktk

Bgqa{ilo Eìblolo



30

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 78 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq) qkimo ig vmpmcxgpdlk

Dlf 701 30+

Dlc 8< 80+

Dkxolkqmbhlilagikq

4 ;+

Dkxolkq ax{xgikq 5 6+

G{vxkq 7 7+


30+

80+

6+ 7+ ;+

Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq qkimo ig vmpmcxgpdlk

Xìclmo loc{lomqaxmvgik fxmlvk Xìclmo loc{lomqaxmvgik cg{adk

Eìbmxgik G{vxkq

Dkxolkq mbhlilagikq



37

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 71 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq qkimo ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq

Dkxolmxxgpdlkq 783 45

Dkxolmvmblkq 78 4

Dkxolmxxgpdlkq *

Xìqkavlmoq

gogqvmbmqkq

4 5


45+

4+5+

Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq qkimo ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq

Dkxolmxxgpdlk Xìqkavlmoq gogqvmbmqkq * Dkxolmxxgpdlkq Dkxolmvmblkq



38

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 76 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q

0 à 95goq 5goqà 974goq

74goq 9à 1<goq

1< goqà 95;goq


7 3 70 < 6

1+ 81+ 18+ 8<+ 71+


0

8

6

5

4

70

78

0 à 9 5goq 5 goq à 9 74goq 74 goq à 9

1<goq

1<goq à 9

5;goq

? m{ 2 5;goq

Maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q

Qkxlkq7



31

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 7; > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq qkimo ik qktk

Bgqa{ilo 88 Eìblolo < Vmvgi 17 Qktk-Xgvlm 7D- 8)6E

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 75 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq qkimo ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq

Xìqkavlmoq gogqvmbmqkq ; Gfdìqlmi|qkq 85

37+

8<+

Maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik q{x hxlfkq qkimo ik qktk

Bgqa{ilo Eìblolo

75+

46+

Maai{qlmo q{x hxlfkq qkimo ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq

Xìqkavlmoq gogqvmbmqkq Gfdìqlmi|qkq



36

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 73 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq) vm{q èckq amoemof{q

0 à 95goq 5goq à 974goq

74goqà91<goq

1< goqà95;goq


87 0 0 7 7

<7+ 0 0 6);+ 6);+

Qm{xak> Xkclqvxk fk ig qgiik f“mpìxgvlmo fk i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk n{qvlolko fk Ngoulkx 8004 àFìakbhxk 8077

0

;

70

7;

80

8;

0 à 9 5goq 5goq à9 74goq 74goq à 91<goq1<goq à9 5;goq ?m{25;goq


Qkxlkq7



3;

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 74 > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq) qkimo ik qktk

Bgqa{ilo 71 Eìblolo 70 Qktk-Xgvlm 7D- 7)1E

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 7< > Xìpgxvlvlmo fkq lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq) qkimo ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq

Fìqlougclogvlmoq $4, Xìqkavlmoq - gogqvmbmqkq $76, amimqvmblk $7,


;3+

61+

Lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq qkimo ik qktk

Bgqa{ilo Eìblolo

1;+

57+

6+

Lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq qkimo ikq ckqvkq keekav{ìq

Igpgxmvmblkq - fìqlougclogvlmoq

Xìqkavlmoq gogqvmbmqkq lovkqvlogikq

Amimqvmblk



35

6/8"Xku{k fkq fleeìxkovq cxm{pkq f“èck fk omvxk ìv{fk

6/8/7"ikq ìvlmimclkq ikq pi{q exìw{kovkq

0 à loekxlk{x à 5goq > lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq 87agq $6<+,) dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 76 agq $11+,)maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq 7 agq $8+,) lbpkxemxgvlmoq gogikq 6 agq $<+,) gvxìqlkq lovkqvlogikq 8 agq$;+,) qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq 7agq $8+,/Vghikg{ ;

5goq à loekxlk{x à 74 goq > maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq 3 agq $63+,) dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 6 agq $83+,maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq pgx eìagimbk 8 agq $71+,) umiu{i{q f{ cxîik) qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq 7agq $3+,/Vghikg{ 5

74 goq à loekxlk{x 1< goq > dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq ;3agq $31+,) maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq 70 agq $71+,Umiu{i{q f{ cxîik 6agq $;+,) umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 1 agq $6+,) qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq) v{bk{xq

lovkqvlogikq 8 agq $1+,/Vghikg{ 3

1<goq à loekxlk{x à 5;goq > dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 6<agq $31+,) maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq <agq $71+,)umiu{i{q f{ cxîik) qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq $gogikq) p|imxlw{kq, 8 agq $1+,) lougclogvlmoqlovkqvlogikq) v{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq 7 agq $7);+,/Vghikg{ 4

5; goq kv g{ fkqq{q > dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 81agq $;<+,) v{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq 5agq $7;+,)maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq 6 agq $70+,) umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk) umiu{i{q f{ cxîik 8 agq $;+,)lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq) qvìomqkq lovkqvlogikq 7 agq $1+,/Vghikg{ <

Ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk kqv ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk fgoq ig cxgofk bgnmxlvì fkq cxm{pkq f“èck/

6/1"Kv{fkq pgxvla{iläxkq

Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq) maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq q{x hxlfkq) lougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq

6/1/7"Dkxolk ìvxgociìk

Ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk kqv pi{q exìw{kovk adk~ i“gf{ivk nk{ok $74goq à loekxlk{x à 1<goq, ;3agq$1< +, kv i“gf{ivk $1<goq à loekxlk{x à 5; goq, 6<agq $11+, : pk{ exìw{kovk fgoq i“koegoak $0 à

loekxlk{x à 5goq, 76 agq $70+, : flblo{k à i“èck qamiglxk kv ig p{hkxvì $5goq à loekxlk{x à74goq, 6 agq $1+, kv adk~ ik ulkliigxf $5;goq kv g{ fkqq{q, 81agq $75,+/

Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 70



33

Ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk kqv pi{q exìw{kovk adk~ ik qktk bgqa{ilo 71; agq $<8+, w{k adk~ ik qktkeìblolo 78 agq $4+,/ Ik qktk-xgvlm 76)1D-7E/ Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 77

Ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk qk imagilqk ik pi{q qm{ukov fgoq ig xìclmo loc{lomqaxmvgik fxmlvk 701 agq$36+, fgoq ig xìclmo loc{lomqaxmvgik cg{adk 8< agq $87+,) eìbmxgikq 5 agq $6+,) g{vxkq 7+/

Akal pm{xxglv gumlx fkq xglqmoq gogvmblw{kq kv ikq egavk{xq w{l g{cbkovkov ig pxkqqlmo lovxgghfmblogikq $DHP) akxvglokq pxmekqqlmoq) kv g{vxkq, Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 78

Ikq ckqvkq adlx{xclag{t xìgilqìq > 783 dkxolmxxgpdlkq $45+,) dkxolmvmblkq 4 $5+,) xìqkavlmoqgogqvmbmqkq lovkqvlogikq 78$4+, agx akxvgloq pgvlkovq gxxlukov g{ qvgfk fk oìaxmqk lovkqvlogik/ Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 71

6/1/8"Maai{qlmoq q{x hxlfkq

Ig exìw{koak ig pi{q ìikuìk qk xkoamovxk adk~ i“gf{ivk nk{ok $74goq à loekxlk{x à 1<goq,) 70agq$18+, kv adk~ i“gf{ivk $1< goq à loekxlk{x à ;goq, <agq $8<+, : flblo{k adk~ ik ulkliigxf 6 agq

$71+, kv à i“koegoak 7agq $1+,/ Vghikg{ kv Cxgpdk 76

Kiik kqv pi{q exìw{kovk adk~ ik qktk bgqa{ilo 88 agq $37+, w{k ik qktk eìblolo < agq $8<+,) ikqktk-xgvlm kqv 7D-8)6E/ Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 7;

Akq pgvlkovq mov hìoìelalì f“gfdìqlmi|qkq 85 $46+, kv fk xìqkavlmoq gogqvmbmqkq lovkqvlogikq ;$75+,/ Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 75

6/1/1"Lougclogvlmo lovkqvlogik

Kiik kqv exìw{kovk fgoq i“koegoak $0 à loekxlk{x à 5goq, 87agq $<7+, kv xgxk fgoq ikq fleeìxkovq

cxm{pkq f“èck/ Kiik kqv f{k g{t pgvdmimclkq loekavlk{qkq $xmvgulx{q, ag{qgov fkq gfìolvkq)xkoamovxìkq fgoq ak cxm{pk f“èck/ Vghikg{ 73

Kiik kqv pi{q exìw{kovk adk~ ik qktk bgqa{ilo 71 agq $;3+,) bmloq exìw{koak adk~ ik qktkeìblolo 70 agq $61+,/ Ik qktk xgvlm 7D-7)1E/ Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 74

Ig pxlqk ko adgxck adlx{xclagik amoqlqvk à eglxk {ok fìqlougclogvlmo gpxäq igpgxmvmblk) 4 agq$1;+,) akxvgloq pgvlkovq mov hìoìelalì f“{ok xìqkavlmo gogqvmbmqk lovkqvlogik 76agq $57+, agxliq gxxlukov vgxf g i“döplvgi) amimqvmblk 7agq $6+,/ Vghikg{ kv cxgpdk 7<



34

;" Flqa{qqlmoq kv ambbkovglxkq

I“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik glc{ê bìagolw{k xkqvk kv fkbk{xk {ok {xckoak) qkimo {ok ìv{fk xìgilqìkà i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko f{ Agp"Dglvlko q{x 868 pgvlkovq fk ngoulkx 8004 à fìakbhxk8077) vm{q èckq amoemof{q pgx mxfxk fìaxmlqqgov >

Dkxolkq ìvxgociìkq 763agq $57+,) maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq q{x hxlfkq 17agq $71+,) lougclogvlmoqlovkqvlogikq 81 agq $70+,) v{bk{xq lovkqvlogikq < agq $6+,) umiu{i{q f{ qlcbmífk 4 agq $1+,)umiu{i{q f{ cxîik < agq $6+,) bgiemxbgvlmoq lovkqvlogikq 5agq $8+,) flukxq <agq $6+,/Vghikg{ 7

Vm{q èckq amoemof{q) ik qktk bgqa{ilo kqv ik pi{q xkpxìqkovì 800D $41+, pm{x 68E $73+, kv ikqktk-Xgvlm 6)4D-7E/Vghikg{ 1

Vm{q èckq amoemof{q) ikq ckqvkq ikq pi{q pxgvlw{ìq > dkxolmxxgpdlkq 783 $;8+,) xìqkavlmoqgogqvmbmqkq) lovkqvlogikq 15 $7;+,) gfdìqlmi|qkq pm{x hxlfkq lovkqvlogikq 85 $77+,)

dkxolmvmblkq 78 $;+,) 75 $3+, fìqlougclogvlmoq lovkqvlogikq 4 $1+,) fkumiu{igvlmoq 4 $1+,)cgqvxmnìn{omqvmblkq ; $8+, q{lulkq f“g{vxkq v|pkq fk pxlqk ko adgxck adlx{xclagik/ Vghikg{ 6

Ikq fleeìxkovkq p{hilagvlmoq $iluxkq adlx{xclag{t) xku{kq, ok pxìalqkov pgq vm{nm{xq à w{kicxm{pk f“èckq akq ìv{fkq mov ìvì xìgilqìkq/ Omvxk ìv{fk ok pk{v pxìalqkx ik ombhxk fk pgvlkovqg|gov pxìqkovì {ok maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik q{x hxlfkq q{x i“koqkbhik fkq pgvlkovq mpìxìq g{ am{xqfk akvvk pìxlmfk kv ik fìigl f“gppgxlvlmo fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq q{x hxlfkq adk~ akq pgvlkovqq{lvk à ik{x lovkxukovlmo adlx{xclagik/

Fgoq omvxk ìv{fk om{q gumoq amoqvgvì w{k ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikqglc{êq bìagolw{kq ugxlk ko emoavlmo f{ cxm{pk f“èck/ Vm{q èckq amoemof{q) ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk

kqv ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq bìagolw{kq à i“Döplvgi[olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko f{ Agp"Dgívlko qmlv 57+/ Akvvk ìv{fk xknmlov akiik bkoìk à i“DöplvgiOlgbk| f{ Olckx $Gexlw{k, mü ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk xkpxìqkovk ig pxloalpgik ìvlmimclk fkqmaai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{kq bìagolw{kq qmlv koulxmo 56+/ Bglq omvxk ìv{fk kqv fleeìxkovk fkakiik xìgilqìk g{ Agogfg $Ckokxgi Dmqplvgi Bmovxkgi, mü ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk xkpxìqkovkqk{ikbkov 8+) {ok pxìfmblogoak fkq maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq q{x hxlfkq qmlv 36+ g ìvìmhqkxuìk) akvvk ìv{fk ok vlkov pgq g{qql ambpvk fkq pgvdmimclkq fk i“koegoak u{ i“ìumi{vlmo ukxq{ok d|pkxqpìalgilqgvlmo fkq qkxulakq fkq döplvg{t fkq pg|q fìukimppìq/ Vghikg{ 8



3<

5"Amoai{qlmo

Gpxäq {ok gogi|qk blo{vlk{qk fk omq fmooìkq qgoq vkolx ambpvk fkq fleeìxkovq cxm{pkq f“èckambbk ig ilvvìxgv{xk) om{q pm{umoq amoai{xk w{k ig dkxolk ìvxgociìk kqv ig pxloalpgik ag{qkf“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik glc{ê bìagolw{k à i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko) Agp"Dgívlko qmlv57+ q{x 868 pgvlkovq kv ik vg{t kqv qkbhighik à akiik fk i“Döplvgi Ogvlmogi f{ Olgbk| Olckx$Gexlw{k, 56+/ Akig pm{xxglv ktpilw{kx pgx ig omo bìagolqgvlmo fk akxvglokq pxmekqqlmoq$gcxla{ivk{x) pmxvkeglt,) i“gilbkovgvlmo pk{v g{qql lbpilw{kx fgoq ak pxmakqq{q) pgxvla{iläxkbkovi“d|pmpxmvìloìblk geeglhilqqgov ikq qvx{av{xkq gogvmblw{kq) ikq pgvdmimclkq fk ig pxmqvgvkpk{ukov îvxk g{qql à ig hgqk) qkimo {ok ìv{fk p{hilìk ko qkpvkbhxk 8077 pgx ª GbkxlagoGqqmalgvlmo emx Agoakx Xkqkgxad4; º kv pgx ª Xgak gof Kvdolalv| º ko 7<<3"8003 g{t [QG) li gìvì fìbmovxì ig pxìfmblogoak fkq agoakxq fk ig pxmqvgvk adk~ ikq omlxq gbìxlagloq/ Akvvk

mhqkxugvlmo qkxglv"kiik lfkovlw{k fgoq ikq g{vxkq qìxlkq fk pmp{igvlmoq omlxkq= Fgoq ikq pg|qlof{qvxlgilqìq $Agogfg) [QG) Exgoak, ikq koegovq qmov mpìxìq fäq ik flgcomqvla fk ig dkxolk)vgoflq w{k adk~ om{q ko Dgívl) ikq pgvlkovq gxxlukov g{ qvgfk f“ìvxgocikbkov dkxolglxk) akpxmhiäbk) f“ktpilagvlmo b{ivlpik) pk{v îvxk ilì qmlv à {o bgow{k f“loemxbgvlmoq) qmlv g{tpxmhiäbkq qmalm"ìamomblw{kq/

3"Xkambbgofgvlmoq

Om{q pxmelvmoq fk akvvk ìv{fk pm{x eglxk ikq xkambbgofgvlmoq q{lugovkq >

7"Kf{w{kx ig pmp{igvlmo q{x ig dkxolk) ulg ikq bkflgq $xgflmvìiìulqlmo) lovkxokv,) ko ailolw{kktvkxok pm{x kbpîadkx i“gxxluìk fk akq pgvlkovq g{ qvgfk fk ambpilagvlmoq/

1"G{cbkovgvlmo f{ ombhxk fk qgiik f“mpìxgvlmo pm{x xgaam{xalx ikq fìiglq fk pxlqk ko adgxck kvìulvkx ig e{lvk fk akq pgvlkovq f{k g{t xkofk~"um{q omo xkqpkavìq/

6 ‑Axìkx {o xkclqvxk qpìalgi pm{x ikq pgvlkovq mpìxìq ko {xckoak pkxbkvvxglv fk fìvkxblokxikq {xckoakq ikq pi{q exìw{kovkq ko Dgώvl/

;" Gfmpvkx ik o{bìxm {olw{k f“lfkovlelagvlmo f{ fmqqlkx fkq pgvlkovq) gppgxglqqgov fgoq ikxkclqvxk f{ hima mpìxgvmlxk) pkxbkvvxglv {o bkliik{x q{lul f{ pgvlkov/

5"Koam{xgckx fkq ìv{fkq q{x ikq vkadolw{kq mpìxgvmlxkq {vlilqìkq fgoq ikq a{xkq fk dkxolkq/

3"Axìgvlmo f{ qlvk lovkxokv fk i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko) m{vli oìakqqglxk pm{x i“ìadgockqalkovlelw{k/



40

4"Xìeìxkoakq kv hlhilmcxgpdlk

7 Xg| OE) Fkovmo SC) Vdgbkx B) kv gi> Ghfmblogi gfdkqlmi|qlq> Lopgvlkov agxk gofktpkoflv{xkq lo vdk [olvkf Qvgvkq lo 7<<6/ N Gb Amii Q{xc 7<<4: 745>7

8

Ckmxck Bliikx kv gi) Gb n Q{xckx| 8000: 740>11"151 \/ Dgxm{og kv gi) Bìfkalok f“Gexlw{k omlxk > 8007)64$8,

6Xkclqvxk fk ig qgiik f“mpìxgvlmo fk i“Döplvgi [olukxqlvglxk N{qvlolko fk Ngoulkx 8004 à fìakbhxk 8077

; E/Hmxlk) G/Dkxxm ¬ Kiqkulkx Bgqqmo: KBA 800<) <"066"G"77

5 C/Gockikiil kv gi/ - K{xmpkgo Nm{xogi me Xgflmimc| 8077) 40>547"54;

3

Hmxlk E/) C{liimo E/) G{emxv Q/ Maai{qlmoq lovkqvlogikq glc{êq fk i“gf{ivk > flgcomqvla/ KBA$Kiqkulkx Bgqqmo QGQ) Pgxlq,) Cgqvxm"kovìxmimclk) 800<) <"066"G"70/

4 Elqadkx) Nmqke K/ kv gi) Bgqvkx| me Q{xckx| 8003) 788> 7147"7148

< Xg| OE) Fkovmo SC) Vdgbkx B) kv gi> Ghfmblogi gfdkqlmi|qlq> Lopgvlkov agxk gofktpkoflv{xkq lo vdk [olvkf Qvgvkq lo 7<<6/ N Gb Amii Q{xc7<<4: 745>7

70 Cxg| QS kv gi) Ugqa{igx ambpxkqqlmo me vdk f{mfko{b) Amovkbp Q{xc <>13) 7<35

77 Xmogif S/F{fkj kv gi) Kbhx|mimc| 800;)6 >773"774

78 Qimulq VI) Jiklo BF) Sgvvq EH Nx/ Loambpikvk xmvgvlmo me vdk lovkqvlok slvd g omxbgi akagipmqlvlmo/ Q{xckx| 7<40: 43>18;"10/

71 Ogbgjsg V/ Dlqvmckokvla gof a|vmimclagi qv{flkq mo vdk f{mfkogi b{am{q bkbhxgok lod{bgo emkv{qkq/ Gxad Dlqvmi 7<;<: 75>6<;/

76 Qjgofgigjlq NK) Cxg| QS/ Kbhx|mimc| emx Q{xckmoq/ 8of kf/ Hgivlbmxk> Sliilgbq %Slijloq) 7<<6/

7; Vdk f{mfko{b /Pgxv 1> Pgvdmimc|/ Gb Q{xc 7<4<: ;;$3,>65<"631/

75 Skxokx GB) ^{o~{okc{l XC) Sliilgbq NV) Sdlvk NN) Qmilq BB/ Ambpilagvlmoq me Bkajki#qflukxvla{i{b> Agqk xkpmxvq gof ilvkxgv{xk xkulks/ Amovkbp Q{xc 7<<4: ;1>148"4;/

73fk Igock FS) Ai{|qkogkx MN) Ukxhkxok CD) ugo fk Slki G/ ZFlukxvla{imqlq me vdk qbgiihmskiR/ Okfkx Vlnf Ckokkqj{ofk 8000: 766><65"<6<

74 Cxmqq XK/ Vdk Q{xckx| me Loegoa| gof Adlifdmmf/ Pdligfkipdlg> Qg{ofkxq) 7<;4/



47

7< Fgulq FI) Pm|ovkx ASB/ Amockolvgi maai{qlmoq me vdk lovkqvlok/ Q{xc C|okami Mhqvkv 7<88:16>1;/

80Qv{xlb DQ) Vkxohkxc NI/ Amockolvgi gvxkqlg me vdk amimo/ Q{xckx| 7<55: ;<>6;4/

87

FkPxlbg QN) Dgxf| FA) Hxgov SK/ Xkukxqkf lovkqvlogi xmvgvlmo/ Xgflmimc| 7<4;: 7;3>501"506/

88Pxgqqmpm{imq P) Xglqqgjl B) Fgqjgimclgoogjl B) Cm{xvqm|lgoolq O/ Xkvxmpqmgq pmqlvlmokfhmski> loalfkoak gof ailolagi xkikugoak/ N Ambp{v Gqqlqvkf Vmbmcx 7<<4:88>106"103/

81Sgjdi{ GJ) Sgjdi{ G) Pgofk| G) Gcgxsgi X) Vgofmo XJ) J{xkki QO/ Amockolvgi qdmxvamimo/ Smxif N Q{xc 7<<5: 80>703"776

86 HX[OLAGXFL E/ Adgxikq) BF) EGAQ) Qadsgxv~#q Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|) 3kbk Kflvlmo) Ba/Cxgs"Dlii) Oks \mxj 7<<<) pgckq 787<"7880/

8;HX[OLAGXFL E/ Adgxikq) BF) EGAQ) Qadsgxv~#q Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|) 3kbk Kflvlmo) Ba/Cxgs"Dlii) Oks \mxj 7<<<) pgckq 7855/

85 HX[OLAGXFL E/ Adgxikq) BF) EGAQ) Qadsgxv~#q Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|) 3kbk Kflvlmo) Ba/Cxgs"Dlii) Oks \mxj 7<<<) pgckq 7855"7853/

83 HX[OLAGXFL E/ Adgxikq) BF) EGAQ) Qadsgxv~#q Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|) 3kbk Kflvlmo) Ba/Cxgs"Dlii) Oks \mxj 7<<<) pgckq 7853/

84 HX[OLAGXFL E/ Adgxikq) BF) EGAQ) Qadsgxv~#q Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|) <kbk Kflvlmo) Ba/

Cxgs"Dlii) Oks \mxj 7<<<) pgck 7830"7837/8< HX[OLAGXFL E/ Adgxikq) BF) EGAQ) Qadsgxv~#q Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|) 3kbk Kflvlmo) Ba/Cxgs"Dlii) Oks \mxj 7<<<) pgckq 7880"7881/

10 HX[OLAGXFL E/ Adgxikq) BF) EGAQ) Qadsgxv~#q Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|) 3kbk Kflvlmo) Ba/Cxgs"Dlii) Oks \mxj 7<<<) pgckq 7880"7881/

17Fgulf A/Qghlqvmo kv gi) Vktvhmmj me Q{xckx| 7;kflvlmo) 7<<3 pgck <7;"<88: 707;"707<

18E/ Hxg~lkx) X Fkiakoqkxlk)N I F{pgq Koa|aimpkflk Bkflam"Adlx{xclagik <"000"h"70

11 Igok NQ) Sdgoc KK) Xlchkxc FG) kv gi> Gb N Pd|qlmi7<<: 835>C835/

16HX[OLAGXFL E/ Adgxikq) BF) EGAQ) Qadsgxv~#q Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|) 3kbk Kflvlmo) Ba/Cxgs"Dlii) Oks \mxj 7<<<) pgckq 7885"7883/

1; Xmieq G) Dkflckx BG> Lovkqvlogi bkvgi lmo ghqmxpvlmo> Go {pfgvk/ A{xxMploCgqvxmkovkxmi8007: 73>733



48

15 Ogcikx"Gofkxqmo A> Bgo vdk hgxxlkx' Qvxgvkcla fkekoqkq lo vdk lovkqvlogi b{amqg/ Ogv XkuLbb{omi 80077>;<

13Bmsgv GB> Gogvmblagi hgqlq me vmikxgoak gof lbb{olv| vm lovkqvlogi govlckoq/ Ogv XkuLbb{omi 8001: 1>117

60HX[OLAGXFL E/ Adgxikq) BF) EGAQ) Qadsgxv~#q Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|) 3kbk Kflvlmo) Ba/Cxgs"Dlii) Oks \mxj 7<<<) pgckq 7881)7831/

67 Gdibgo D) Oliqqmo M> Vdk c{v gq vdk igxckqv kofmaxlok mxcgo lo vdk hmf|/ Goo Moami78$Q{ppi 8,>Q51) 8007/

68Xkdekif NE> Vdk oks hlmimc| me cgqvxmlovkqvlogi dmxbmokq/ Pd|qlmi Xku 34>7043) 7<<4/

61Ckmcdkcgo N) Pgppgq VO> Ailolagi {qkq me c{v pkpvlfkq/ Goo Q{xc 88;>76;) 7<<3/

66

Vguugjmil~gfkd G) Sdgoc KK> [ofkxqvgofloc gof g{cbkovloc d{bgo lovkqvlogi gfgpvgvlmo>G agii emx bmxk ailolagi xkqkgxad/ NPKO N 85>8;7) 8008/

6;Fx{ajkx FN> Kplvdkilgi akii cxmsvd gof fleekxkovlgvlmo/ L/ Lovkqvlogi cxmsvd egavmxq/ Gb NPd|qlmi 831>C1) 7<<3

65HX[OLAGXFL E/ Adgxikq) BF) EGAQ) Qadsgxv~#q Pxloalpikq me Q{xckx|) 3kbk Kflvlmo) Ba/Cxgs"Dlii) Oks \mxj 7<<<) pgckq 784;"7845/

63Vdmbkxkv Pd|qlmpgvdmimclk fk i#maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik/N/adlx /7<4;) ;) p 5

64

Ikq q|ofxmbkq fm{im{xk{t glc{q fk i“ghfmbko/ Ìv{fk pxmqpkavluk b{ivlakovxlw{k fk i“GXAkv fk i“G[XA/ Om{u Pxkqqk Bkf 7<47: 70>1337"1/

6< Cmxk Xladgxf B) Klqkhkxc XI/ Igxck hmski mhqvx{avlmo/ Lo> Vktvhmmj me cgqvxmlovkqvlogixgflmimc|/ Pdligfkipdlg> SH Qg{ofkxq: 7<<6/p/ 7863"50/

;0Ilb ND) Jm \V) Ikk FD) Ikk DS) Ilb NS/ Fkvkxbloloc vdk qlvk gof ag{qkq me amimolamhqvx{avlmo slvd qmomcxgpd|/ Gb N Xmkovckomi 7<<6:751>7771"3/

;7Hgivdg~gx KN) Ilkhkqjlof BK) Bgagxl B/ Lovkqvlogi lqadkblg lo pgvlkovq lo sdmb qbgii"hmski mhqvx{avlmo lq q{qpkavkf> kugi{gvlmo me gaa{xga|) ilblvgvlmoq gof ailolagi lbpilagvlmoq me

AV lo flgcomqlq/ Xgflmimc| 7<<3: 80;>;7<88/;8Bkclhms GN) Hgivdg~gx KN) Adm JA) Bkfslf QS) Hlxohg{b HG) Om~ BK/ Hmskimhqvx{avlmo> kugi{gvlmo slvd AV/ Xgflmimc| 7<<7:740>171"4/

;1 E{j{|g V) Dgskq FX) I{ AA) Adgoc PN) Hgximmo VN/ AV Flgcomqlq me qbgii"hmskimhqvx{avlmo> keelaga| lo 50 pgvlkovq/ Gb N Xmkovckomi 7<<8: 7;4>35;"<



41

;6 Xkcgo E) Hkgii FP) Hmdibgo BK) Jdg~go X) Q{elG) Qadgkekx FA/ Egqv BX lbgcloc gof vdkfkvkavlmo me qbgii"hmski mhqvx{avlmo/ GbN Xmkovckomi 7<<4: 730>765;"</

;;Qgxx BC) H{ijik| CH) ^{lfkbg CF/ Pxkmpkxgvluk xkamcolvlmo me lovkqvlogi qvxgoc{igvlmomhqvx{avlmo/ Gb N Q{xc 7<41: 76;>735"48/

;5Nmokq XQ/ Lovkqvlogi mhqvx{avlmo) pqk{fm"mhqvx{avlmo gof lik{q/ Lo> Qiklqkockx BD) EmxfvxgoNQ) kflvmxq/ Cgqvxmlovkqvlogi flqkgqk) pgvdmpd|qlmimc|) flgcomqlq) bgogckbkov/Pdligfkipdlg>SHQg{ofkxq: 7<34/ p/ 68;"15/

;3Om g{vdmx/ Ugqa{igx eliiloc lo xkigvluk mx ghqmi{vk d|pmumikblg/ Goo Ex Gokqvd Xkgolb7<<3:75>el4"el76/

;4 F“Kqaxlugo V) Ikbglxk NQ) Lugomu K) Hm{im B) Qm{hxlkx Q) Bliik ET) kv gi/ Q{xclagigovlblaxmhlgi pxmpd|igtlq> ambpilgoak vm c{lfkilokq gof lbpgav me vgxckvkf loemxbgvlmopxmcxgb/ Goo Ex Gokqvd Xkgolb 800;: 86>7<"81

;< Qdgvlig GD) Adgbhkxiglo HK) Skhh SX/ A{xxkov qvgv{q me flgcomqlqgof bgogckbkov me qvxgoc{igvlmo mhqvx{avlmo me vdk qbgii hmski/ Gb N Q{xc 7<35: 718>8<<"101

50 Kiilq D/ Vdk ag{qkq gof pxkukovlmo me lovkqvlogi gfdkqlmoq/ Hx N Q{xc 7<48: 5<>867"1/

57Xgevkx|GV/ Keekav me pkxlvmokgi vxg{bg mo pkxlvmogi elhxlomi|vla gavlulv| gof lovxgpkxlvmokgigfdkqlmo emxbgvlmo/ K{x Q{xc Xkq 7<47:71>1<3"607/

58C{vv AO) Mol{ V) Qadkbbkx P) Bkdxghl G) Hùadikx BS/ Ekskx gfdkqlmoq lof{akf h|igpgxmqampla q{xckx|= Q{xc Kofmqa 8006:74>4<4"<05/

51E{x{jgsg G) \gbgqgjl B) E{x{ladl J) \mjm|gbg J) Ogcgvg V) Vgjgdgqdl B) kv gi/ DkilagiAV lo vdk flgcomqlq me qbgii hmski mhqvx{avlmo/Xgflmcxgpdlaq 8007: 87>167";;/

56 Hgiigov|ok CD) Hxgofokx BF) Hkgxv XS) Liqvx{p FB/ Umiu{i{q me vdk amimo/ Loalfkoak gofbmxvgilv|/ Goo Q{xc 7<4;: 808> 41"<8/

5;Gcxk~ B) Agbkxmo F/ Xgflmimc| me qlcbmlf umiu{i{q/ Flq Amimo Xkav{b 7<47:86>;70"6/

55Hxk~loqj LS) Hglik| XN) Hkqok| B) V{xokx C/ Qbgii hmski ilpmbg> go{oambbmo ag{qk me mhqvx{avlmo/ Ago N Q{xc 7<<0: 11> 681"6/

53Hxmpd| A) Agdms AK/ Pxlbgx| qbgii hmski bgilcogov v{bmxq>{oxkamcol~kf {ovli kbkxckovigpgxmvmb|/ Gb Q{xc 7<4<: ;;>604"78/

54Hm{flge B) Qm|kx P) Vkxkb A) Pkigck NP) Bglqqlgv K) X|bkx X/ AVkugi{gvlmo me qbgii hmskimhqvx{avlmo/ Xgflmcxgpdlaq 8007:87>571"86/



46

5<Adlmvgqqm PN) Eg~lmUS/ Pxmcomqvla egavmxq me 84 iklmb|mqgxambgq mevdk qbgii lovkqvlok/ Q{xcC|okami Mhqvkv 7<48: 7;;>7<3"808

30Pkigck NP) Qm|kx P) Hm{flge B) Hxm{adìxlm{"Qpkiik L) Jgxfgadk B)X|bkx X/ Agxalomlfv{bmxq me vdk ghfmbko> AV gof BX lbgcloc ekgv{xkq/ Ghfmbko Lbgcloc 7<<<: 86> 860";/

37Pdliilpq XJ) Dlvvlocq X) Ex| NQ) Elkifloc IP/ Bgilcogov igxck hmski mhqvx{avlmo/ Hx N Q{xc7<4;:38>8<5"108/

38Eigbgov\/ Fm{ik{xq ghfmblogikq glc{êq fk i“gf{ivk/ Lo> Xgbhg{f NA) kflvmx/ Vxglvì fkcgqvxmkovìxmimclk/ Pgxlq> Eigbbgxlmo: 800;/

31Xkom{t H) Dkxhg{iv CE) Nkgo K/ Pkxemxgvlmoq flgqvgvlw{kq f{ aöimo f“mxlclok oìmpigqlw{k/ Àpxmpmq fk 7; mhqkxugvlmoq/ N Adlx $Pgxlq, 7<45:781>566";0/

36mxlk E) Vxkvgxxk H) Bgxadlclgom K) Fg{xaq NP) Bliigv H/ Bgogckbkov gof pxmcomqlq me amimo

agoakx lo pgvlkovq slvd lovkqvlogi mhqvx{avlmo mxpkxlvmolvlq> g Exkoad pmp{igvlmo"hgqkf qv{f|/Bmolv Qal Bkf 800;: 77>AX855"AX831/

3; Skiad CD) Gofkxqmo NX/ Umiu{i{q me vdk qbgii lovkqvlok lo gf{ivq/ Smxif N Q{xc 7<45: 70>6<5";00/

35Gqqgqm{xlgo X) O“Cdkbg X) Hkxvdkv H) Olod VU/ Lovkqvlogik maai{qlmo h| Bkajkiflukxvla{i{b lo gf{ivk/ N Adlx $Pgxlq, 7<<7:784>8<4"107/

33Jdg~~gjg X) H{qqmok B) Igim B/ [ok ag{qk xgxk f“maai{qlmo lovkqvlogik adk~ ik q{nkv ècì/ NAdlx $Pgxlq, 7<<0: 783>685"3/

34NmqkpdGK) AxgbpvmoGX)Gcdg EP)VqgocVJ/ Lbpgavkf emxklco hmflkq lo vdk f{mfko{b/ GbN Cgqvxmkovkxmi 7<43: 48>7036"3/

3<Hm|ik VB) Gc{q QC) Hg{kx NN/ Qbgii lovkqvlogi mhqvx{avlmo qkamofgx| vm mhv{xgvlmo h| gCgxxko cgqvxla h{hik/ Gb N Cgqvxmkovkxmi 7<43: 48>;7"1/

40E{x{jgsg G) \gbgqgjl B) E{x{ladl J) \mjm|gbg J) Ogcgvg V) Vgjgdgqdl B) kv gi/ DkilagiAV lo vdk flgcomqlq me qbgii hmski mhqvx{avlmo/ Xgflmcxgpdlaq 8007:87>167";;/

47Igxgng XF) [qgl G) Px|ak K) Almxmlu B/ Lovkqvlogi mhqvx{avlmo qkamofgx| vm hk~mgxq/

O \ Qvgvk N Bkf 7<<0: <0> ;57"8/48Qslev XL) Smmf AH) Dkxqdbgo BN/ Qbgii hmski mhqvx{avlmoq f{k vm pd|vmhk~mgxq lo vdklovgav cgqvxm lovkqvlogi vxgav/ N X Amii Q{xc Kfloh 7<4<: 16>853"</

41Dg|kq PC) Xmvqvklo MF/ Cgqvxmlovkqvlogi pd|vmhk~mgxq> pxkqkovgvlmo gof bgogckbkov/Ago N Q{xc 7<45: 8<>67<"80/



4;

46Hm{flge B) Qm|kx P) Vkxkb A) Pkigck NP) Bglqqlgv K) X|bkx X/ AV kugi{gvlmo me qbgiihmski mhqvx{avlmo/ Xgflmcxgpdlaq 8007:87>571"86/

4;Xgof| Fmvlocg) Gbkxlago Gqqmalgvlmo emx Agoakx Xkqkgxad) qkpvkbhxk 8077/

G{vxkq xìeìxkoakq

HKG[F Bladki) I“gxv fk ig vdäqk) ambbkov pxìpgxkx kv xìflckx {ok vdäqk fk fmavmxgv) {obìbmlxk fk FKG m{ fk bglvxlqk m{ vm{v g{vxk vxgugli {olukxqlvglxk) ìflvlmo Ig Fìam{ukxvk)PGXLQ 8007) 800 pgckq/

[olukxqlvì Omvxk Fgbk f“Dgívl) Bìvdmfk f“ìighmxgvlmo fk bìbmlxk fk elo f“ìv{fkq) Bgl 8003);1 pgckq

Documents

Roger These de Sortie