Year I, No. 1, September 2013 January 2014Edited by Colegiul Na]ional B@n@]ean Timi}oara

Be Multicultural !Be Multicultural !Be Multicultural !

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela

MAHATMA GANDHI

AA SSPPOOOOKKYY--SSPPOOOOKKYY--SSPPOOOOKKYYLLIICCIIOOUUSSHHAALLLLOOWWEEEENN 22001133

PPrraaccttiiccee ddooeess nnoott mmaakkee ppeerrffeecctt.. OOnnllyy ppeerrffeecctt pprraaccttiiccee mmaakkeess ppeerrffeecctt..((VViinncceenntt LLoommbbaarrddii))

LLaa TToommaattiinnaa

TToo BBee oorr NNoott ttoo BBee RRiicchh ??

Year I, No. 1, September 2013 January 2014

Edited by Colegiul Na]ional B@n@]ean Timi}oara

Prof. Gabriela Pachia

Cora Petric@Sergiu Amih@l@chioaei, Roxana

Andrea Andra}, Silvana M@d@lina Balint, AlexandraGabriela Baranyi, Mircea Holho}, Daniel Domi]ianIuonac, Bianca Eva Kele, M@d@lina Liedl, Miruna SorinaMatei, Gabriela Nicoleta Mazuru, Raluca Petru},Candit Sava, Teofil Marius Stupar, M@d@lina {treang@,Patricia Andrada Trifu, George Radu ig, Isabell Vajda,Alexandra Cosmina Vasilan, Anamaria V^}c@

Contact: gabritruth@yahoo.co.uk Gabriela PachiaSunt acceptate reproduceri de texte, destinate strict utiliz@rii / cit@rii justificate ninteres }tiin]ific / pedagogic, cu precizarea obligatorie a sursei.Edi]ia online: http://www.colegiulbanatean.roISBN 978-606-614-084-3Editura Waldpress / Waldpress Publishing House, Timi}oara, 2014

Alex Szll, High School Can Be Epic ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Diana Str^mbu, The European Day of Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Prof. Gabriela Pachia, Be Multicultural ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 M@d@lina Liedl, Cora Petric@, Prof. Gabriela Pachia, You Are What You Eat . . . . . 18 Roxana Andrea Andra}, Andreea Antal, Cristina M@d@lina Drehu]@,

Daniel Domi]ian Iuonac, Superstitions Around the World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Flavia Grek, Sergiu Amih@l@chioaei, Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Flavia Grek, Sergiu Amih@l@chioaei, Mahatma Karamchand Gandhi . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Prof. Gabriela Pachia, Visionary Leadership Quotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Gabriela Nicoleta Mazuru &, 9th ~ 12th Graders, Prof. Gabriela Pachia,

A Spooky-Spooky-Spookylicious Halloween 2013 ~ Halloween Fun,Merry Tricksters CNB 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Alexandra Cosmina Vasilan, Obon Festival . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Antonia Albani, Cinzia Bia, Miruna Boc@e]i, Marco Cristea-Nicolici,

Laura Maria Fordea, Mircea Holho}, Bianca Eva Kele, Andreea IuliaMarton, Andreea Toma, Cosmin Alexandru V^lcu, Melani Zarici,Travelling Broadens the Mind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Prof. Gabriela Pachia, Perfect Practice Makes Perfect : Evaluation Paper ~Semester I, Hyphenated Compound Modifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Ruxandra Cosmina D^lgoci, Paula Dud@u, Bianca Eva Kele, IasminaAndreea Lele, Andreea Iulia Marton, Prof. Gabriela Pachia, n]elepciuneromneasc@ ~ Romanian Wisdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Mihai Eminescu, De ce nu-mi vii ~ Why Don't You Come, At$t de fraged@... ~So Fresh and Dainty..., Pe aceea}i ulicioar@ ~ Down the Same Old WindingLane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Prof. Gabriela Pachia, Inoxidabile monograme ~ Stainless Monograms,Asclepian@ vs. Caducean@ ~ Asklepian vs. Caducean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Silvana M@d@lina Balint, Serafin Darius, Simona Hrihor, Victor S@celeanu,Hitch Your Wagon to a Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Andrei Candit Sava, Karate Is My Way of Living . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Patricia Andrada Trifu, George Radu [ig, Karate Forever ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Raluca Andreea Petru}, A Tasty Festival : La Tomatina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 M@lina Georgiana Pena, Ana Maria Popescu, Prof. Gabriela Pachia,

Tomato Fun ~ Tantalising Tomatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Adela Daniela Jigovan, Top-Notch Home-made Ketchup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Teofil Marius Stupar, Prof. Gabriela Pachia, Wise Owl and Red Quotes ~

Lady in Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Isabell Vajda, To Be or Not to Be Rich . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Miruna Sorina Matei, Alice Cecilia Scorobete, Anamaria V^}c@,

Prof. Gabriela Pachia, Fashion Trends 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Silvana M@d@lina Balint, M@d@lina Liedl, Cora Petric@, Raluca Petru},

Dalia Simon, Patricia Andrada Trifu, Prof. Gabriela Pachia, Christmastide . . . 1 13 Prof. Gabriela Pachia, Did Somebody Say Homework... ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Alex Szll, BA in Applied Modern Languages,1st-year American Studies MA, the West University of Timi}oara

My name is Alex Szll, I am 23 years old, I study at the West University of Tim}oara, where I am in theAmerican Studies MA programme and, dear readers, I was once in your shoes, so to speak. Im writingthese lines with the mixture of pride and nostalgia that characterises ex-high school students who lovedevery bit of their time in high school. If theres one thing I can say without a shadow of a doubt, its that Iddo it all over again if I had the chance. Why? Because, to me, high-school was EPIC! I know, Americanshave a tendency to use this term in conjunction with everything they like, but in my case, it is absolutelytrue! This little piece of storytelling, mixed with some advice, will hopefully show you all why.Theres no secret in the fact that where there is change, restlessness will follow. In my case, the situationwas blown out of proportion by the fact that I knew myself to be different. You know those high-schoolmovies you see all the time, with the typical, awkward geek? Well, thats me. Add the fact that I was bornwith Cerebral Palsy (basically, brain damage that typically affects limb control and reflexes), and you get apicture-perfect awkward nerd. When I found out I was officially going to be a part of CNB, I was hyped.Thats the most accurate description of my feelings that I can conjure. I was going through a melting potof feelings clashing with one another. Above all, curiosity reigned. I was one step ahead. One step furtherinto my future. How that was going to affect me, I did not know for certain. What was I going to learn?How would that change who I had been up to that moment? But I am as certain of the answers to thesequestions nowadays as I was uncertain at the time that I asked them.Let me assure you, if theres a 4-year period in my humble, nerdy existence that Id relive over and overagain, its my high-school years. Why? Because, in their essence, I believe they were about much morethan the educational process itself. It was during my high-school years that I learned everything there wasto learn about the one thing that should define every young persons life, in my view: friendship.Friendship should be the number one catalyst in the daily life of a high-school student. Yes, it is veryimportant to dedicate a significant amount of time to studying, to being at the top of your game. What isessential, though, is to realise you are doing that as a part of a group, and no group can function withoutstrong bonding. Thats what made my high-school days memorable. In other words, dont just go to schoollike youre only supposed to learn the info in your class, read from your books, take notes, and then gohome, trying to figure it all out after a day of dull writing and even more brain-numbing reading. Findreasons to enjoy every moment spent there, and broaden your knowledge beyond the things thatteachers tell you during classes. Usually, there are no better reasons to enjoy high-school than yourclassmates, so, by all means, find joy in their company, talk to them, every day, about all kinds of things,share your interests, swap jokes, become artists at hanging out, as the Americans like to say it. If theresone period in education that celebrates youth at its finest, most beautifully complex stage, it is high-school.

It is the essence of adolescence (rhyme unintended) and should be celebrated as such. Be yourselves,with all that this implies. Ask questions, for they will lead to answers that might very well have an impactin your future life. State your opinions, for they will reveal your personality, which is the main aspect youshould be trying to form in high-school. Some of the most impactful moments in my life have happened inhigh-school, with friendship at their core, as though it were the Sun, giving light and warmth to everymoment. It is not by accident that I compare friendship to the Sun, for they are both essential in life. Bothare beautiful, both are complex, both nurture, both shine.My high-school friends truly were my Sun, for I knew, even in my darkest of times, that I could counton them to show me the bright side. I knew I was not alone, and I got my strength back through theirunity and humour. My classmates were those who taught me the one essential piece of truth that hasdefined me since graduating high-school: there is no humour inside of a person who cannot laugh atthemselves. Teenagers are all about fun, and there is absolutely nothing wrong with that, so try to makeeverything fun in high-school, including the process of studying. Be creative, and if you dont find everythingyoud like inside yourselves, then look for yourselves inside of everything around you, and set your sightsupon those things that represent you the best. And REMEMBER, REMEMBER, REMEMBER everything!High-school, if lived accordingly, is the period with the most awesome memories youll ever have, and thus, nomoment should be left to fly by without an emotion attached to it. Seize every opportunity you get, be it achance for a good grade, a field trip, a project or simply a party together with your classmates! All thesecould well become moments to remember for years and years after you have graduated, and thus, theyshould not be wasted, but lived with all the intensity that characterises teenage souls. I remember everysingle moment that I spent enjoying myself in the company of my classmates, who did everything in theirpower (and they have plenty of that, I assure you), to make me feel like I was an essential part of theirboisterous, fun-loving group. If theres one reason why my awkward shyness is (largely) gone, that reasoncame to me in the form of 30 people who saw everything that was a part of me (including my odd tendency toaddress them in English all of the time), and accepted it as it was. I felt at ease whenever I would bearound them, the simple presence of their positive energy being enough to make me feel as though Iwere able to move mountains. I recall all their antics with great fondness and a fair bit of nostalgia, and I trulybelieve that those years were the ones that helped me the most in opening up to people. When there arepeople around who reach out in pure friendship, with all the honesty and solidarity that characterises thenotion, one cant help opening themselves more. You, dear readers, can take my word for it, theres seldom amore likely place for building the foundation of lifetime friendships than high-school. I know for certain that thepeople I am proud to call friends for a lifetime are those I met during my high-school years, and I believe it is nomere coincidence that friendships like these take place during such an important phase of ones education.For, in my view, education is not simply about the curricular side of things. It is about instilling valuesmeant to guide, to inspire, and those values can be acquired from anyone who has a positive impact onones life. Anyone that inspires educates, and as such, if youre open, you can learn a great deal of thingsfrom your teachers and from your fellow students. The big picture, so to speak is that you should NEVERgo to school and then say I havent learned anything new today. If youre among people that inspire you,theres no chance of that happening. Every moment spent in high-school, and any other environment, forthat matter, is one that can offer endless possibilities to learn. Challenge yourselves, explore, discover.High-school can tell you as much about yourselves as you can tell others about it. It is one of the mostintense chapters in the great book that is your life, and whats awesome about it is the fact that youre theones who get to write it. Think of it this way: youre given the opportunity to write the most mind-blowingstory youve ever read. Its all in your power, and you have all the things you need to put it together infour years. Quite an interesting creative endeavour, is it not? Well, at your ages, theres surely a tendency toappreciate larger-than-life stories, and high-school is a tremendous opportunity to write one, with everythingthere is to it: a journey, moments of humour, surprising twists and turns, tears, fears, dreams, places,personalities, love, loyalty, confessions, secrets, allies, rites of passage, courage, hope, solidarity, honesty,trust, respect, attitude, gratitude and all the fine things that make up this marvelous collection of happeningsthat reveal youth in all its glory. For four years, you have the chance of a lifetime: that of becoming heroesin your own epic stories. To any open mind, this is a welcome challenge, one that invites the mind andspirit to grow. One of the concepts that you may be familiar with is that of a bildungsroman, a novel thatis centered around the evolution of its protagonist from a moral / social point of view. I was making ananalogy about writing a mindblowing story earlier on. In my view, the bildungsroman is the most revealingand rewarding kind of novel, and thus, my advice to all of you who are reading these words is to do your best

Endless Memories Endless Memories

to make these high-school years an awesome chapter in the great bildungsroman that life is. Be heroes,inspire your classmates and teachers just as much as they inspire you. Be ready for ups and downs, and facethem all with the same courage. Do not strive for perfection, but do whatever is in your power to become thebest you there is every single day. Find joy in every achievement, humour in every obstacle and anopportunity in every challenge that comes during these four years.Most of you are probably thinking a lot about the last year of high-school, the one that comes with thesupreme test of your knowledge. The BAC exam is crucial. However, that does not mean it is to belooked upon with the fear of impending doom running through your veins. Rather, you should spendsome time preparing yourselves for it every day. Since I want to go on with the whole epic story thread,imagine the exam as the opportunity to be in charge of a battle. A battle with very personal stakes, but oneyou know for certain you can win. The only requirement is that you are well-prepared for it, that your skills aresharp enough to guarantee a resounding victory, one that will open the gate to all of your future dreams ofsuccess. See it not as an obstacle that is impossible to overcome but as an opportunity that is impossibleto refuse. Every good opportunity comes with some requirements that must be taken into consideration,and thus, it is only natural that the greatest opportunity of your immediate future should require yourseriousness. Treat it seriously, and you shall have no reasons to be nervous about it when the big day comes.Be organised in your preparation and favourable consequences shall appear, without a shadow of a doubt.Assure yourselves that there is no room for uncertainty in your knowledge (we were talking about abattle, werent we?), so that the future appears exactly as youve always wanted to be.This is the part in your bildungsroman that should reveal how prepared you are to step into the future,so do it with the greatest amount of courage and confidence you can summon. This exam is ultimately a test ofhow much you really want to have a great future ahead of yourselves. The future is not really that far awaywhen you come to think of it. It is always in your hands, to do with it as you choose. If that doesnt giveyou a feeling of power, I dont know what else will! Just close your eyes and think about it for a few moments:YOU are those who have the power to shape your future exactly as you choose to. Tell yourselves that at alltimes, and you will be motivated enough to start doing it. Make sure you remember that you should fearnothing and regret even less. Your high-school years should be deeply enrooted in the 4 Ls that are, in myview, the core of adolescent life: Live, Laugh, Learn, and LOVE. Learn to LOVE, and not only in theromantic, Hollywoodian way thats been around for so long its become a clich. Love everything and everyonethat gives you the will to carry on being yourselves, dear readers. Do everything you can to spread positiveenergy around, and you will be rewarded with moments fit for telling your grandchildren about! At alltimes, remember that your choices and opinions matter now more than ever, for they shall have a great deal ofinfluence upon you in the future. Do not hesitate to act when you have the chance to do so, there are momentsthat come only once, and, as said before, this should not be a time for regrets. This 4-year period is your bigmoment. Make it as big as youve always wanted your life to be. Never lose the curiosity that youexperienced on your first day as high-school students, and always think of the last day, the moment of yourgraduation, as an open door towards your desired future, and pave your way through these 4 uniqueyears in the most authentic manner you could possibly think of. I did so the best I could, and came to theconclusion that there is no period in my life more filled with pure emotion, richer in beautiful, heartwarmingmemories that still live inside of me and will do so for a long time from now on. If there is one placewhere I learned to value the beautiful, inspiring truth that is known as friendship, the gentle force thatbinds souls for an eternity, then, in my case, that place is high-school. However great Bacovia might beconsidered in Romanian literature, I believe his description of high-school as a cemetary of youth is way off,so to speak, in my case. I was part of a class of huge-hearted, united and merry people who did their best tomake me feel like I belonged with them every single day. I owe them all of the smiles that I showed in thatperiod and I would do for them all they did for me and much more, for they, who showed me their bestsides, deserve all the best that life has to offer. It is because of them, as well as all the teachers who guidedmy journey through high-school, that I can write these lines for all of you, with all of the gratitude in theUniverse towards those who have inspired them, and tell you all to experience this time in your lives as fullyas possible. Once you do so, you shall be certain of having written the most epic story of your lives. How?The answer to that is very simple: just like me, when the story reaches the epilogue, and you will haveclosed the book, the characters and their evolution will still be alive in your minds and hearts!With respect and nostalgia,Alex Szll

Diana StrmbuGrade: 9th Philology 2

Be Multicultural !Be Multicultural !Be Multicultural !

Prof. Gabriela Pachia, Master of JournalismColegiul Na]ional B@n@]ean, Timi}oara

We become not a melting pot but a beautiful mosaic.Different people, different beliefs, different yearnings, different hopes, different dreams.

Jimmy Carter, 39th President of the USA

The phenomenon of globalization displays an abundance of economic, social, political, cultural,ideological, ethical, spiritual dimensions. New concepts are constantly being associated with globalisation, e.g.the global village, Americanisation / Europenisation, the planetarisation of the Coca Cola culture,adhocracy, identity / complex alterities, the society conquered by communication (B. Mige),transnational media conglomerates, planetary / global citizens, globalising bureaucrats, consumerist elites,cosmopolitism. Globalization does not mean the homogenisation of the whole life on Earth. It is rather aheterogeneous process which reunites the global and the local elements, on various levels. Globalisation is ametaphor for manifold border structures, new borders and belonging conditionings, generated by a new globalworld system (PreB, 1099). At the same time, the global communication implies fast, spectacular andambivalent processes: communication is a means of the individuals emancipation as well as a means ofcontrolling it. Ever more frequently, it is claimed that the human condition be rethought in the context ofinterculturalism / multiculturalism, of netocracy, from the point of view of conditionings, of the interactivefeedback. Due to their transnational character, mass media the Internet in particular have become theemblem of the globalised communication.

The global communication is the totality of external and internal communications (MucAc, 75).Globalized communication involves rapid, spectacular, deceiving and ambivalent processes: communicationrepresents a means of the individual emancipation as well as a means of controlling it. It is imperative to rethinkthe human condition in the context of multiculturalism / interculturalism, of netocracy. Due to theirtransnational character, the media the Internet in particular represents the emblem of globalisedcommunication. The openings towards alterity, the transgression of borders in communication, the positioningand interrelating in communication (MucAc, 75) involve the consciousness of identity. Each identity requiresthe existence of the other in a relationship due to which its very essence is being actualised; the genuine

human communication is founded on these entwined basic feelings: trust and the feeling that ones value isacknowledged (MucAc, 92; 246). Multicultural life is rendered possible by the individuals consciousness of theinestimable value of their identitary symbols, on condition that they intentionally participate in the interculturaldialogue, that they possess flexible thinking and place themselves within the unifying sphere of Meaning.Intercultural communication affects the interlocutors way of thinking, the production and exchange ofculturally-established meanings, since the concept of culture is a concept of value (T. Parson). The newidentitary models imply: the imitation of the European thinking model as the ideological ingredient of theglobalising processess (ZpE, 182; a language, a universal means communication, the internationalisation ofthe vocabulary, the languages which substantialise a peoples cultural specificity must surrender to onelanguage, which nowadays is represented by the English language (lingua franca ZpE, 184); the language oftechnology, of the computer; the resubiectivisation of the individual by means of free choices; a new kind ofsocialisation, double-oriented, in order to entangle the ens in society structures while allowing society to enterinto mans soul (...) globalisation and mondialisation, if we change our way of being, should also change ourway of thinking, of building ourselves (ZpE, 188).

The thematic areas of the globalised communication include:1. Pragmasemantic aspects of communication : emotional meanings, argumentative roles, illocutionaryfunctions, implicit meanings, the extra/linguistic context;2. Rhetorical aspects of communication : the tropes, the figures of thought, logical fallcies / sophisms; thepolitical, journalistc, didactic discourse;3. New media / communication technologies and the related anthropological mutations : cyber-culture andcyberspace, virtual communities, the second orality, the recreation of the text in context, interprofessionalculture;4. Re-/Deconstruction of identities : the discourse on identity and cultural diversity; writing the multiculturalself in the media; new conceptions of knowledge, the third culture, interideological communication and theprinciple of plurimondism / cross-cultural communication (G. Gardner) etc.;5. Sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics ;6. Attitudes towards the critics of the globalised communication : tautism (Sfez), semblance (Baudrillard),solitary interactants (Wolton) etc.

Multicultural education relates to education and instruction designed for the cultures of severaldifferent races in an educational system. The education for multiculturality envisages building up knowledge,consensus / harmony, respect for coexisting cultures, interaction and communication between differentcultures (the reduction of ignorance, fears, uninvolvement / personal detachment, disownership), banningcultural / racial / minoritary / gender prejudices / stereotypes. By closing gaps, by raising consciousness aboutthe past, multiculturalism tries to restore a sense of wholeness in a postmodern era that fragments human lifeand thought (TrotM, 9-10), starting from the harmonious modulation of relationships which represent thefoundations on which various human communities display their existential rituals (PaRe, 13). Although a greatpart of our world, as well as of the social psychology researchers, regards multiculturality / interculturality withskepticism, new concepts redefine life in communities: transculturalism, cross-culturalism, inter/culturalcompetences, ethnocultural empathy, Europeanism, cultural diversity, multiculturalism / multikulti,pluriculturalism, polyethnicity, parallel societies etc. Among the methodological suggestions concerningthe education for multiculturality, we can mention: emphasising similarities rather than differences to dwellon cultural differences is to foster negative prejudices and stereotypes, and that is human nature to view thosewho are different as inferior, we are more alike than different (BennC, 29) , generating a sense ofbelonging / the communion culture, avoiding the reiteration of prejudices, stereotypes, bigotry, racism,respecting historical truths / avoiding idyllic / unrealistic / colour-blinding perspectives, preventingfrustration and heightened resentment, the sense of inferiority / alienation / divisiveness / being atypical multiculturalism is in fact not about minorities but is about the proper terms of relationship betweendifferent cultural communities, which means that the standards by which the communities resolve theirdifferences, e.g., the principles of justice must not come from only one of the cultures but must come

through an open and equal dialogue between them (PaRe, 13) , creating a multicultural curriculum, alearning environment that supports positive interracial contact, teacher training, presenting alternative pointsof view (BennC, PiHiRx), fostering cultural pluralism within racial societies (TrotM, 10). In order to addattractivity to the theoretical content of the curriculum, thus adapting it to the demands of the education formulticulturality, we have designed chains of interactive learning activities such as Traditional Food Around theWorld, Be Multicultural , Good Luck, Bad Luck, Globalisation, including high-school didactic resources.We had in view enriching knowledge, adding suggestive imagery to the lessons in the handbook, enhancing theEnglish linguistic potential of the high-school students journey, therefore being an attractive topic for thedebates during the educational classes as well.

Culture Shock, 10th Grade / Upper Intermediate1) WARMER / BRAINSTORMING:

The teacher asks the students where they spent their summer holidays, what famous places they visited,what souvenirs they bought, what kinds of food they ate, insisting on the variety of languages, customs andtraditions, sightseeing, idioms, national symbols etc. They show their dearest photographs from the summerholidays, speaking about what impressed them most.

e.g. T: Where did you spend your summer holidays, Diana? D: I went to Greece. T: Did you eat tsatsiki / tzatziki there? D: Of course, I did. T: What is it? D: It is a Greek dip made from yogurt, chopped cucumber, mint and garlic.

2) GAME / COMPETITION COUNTRIES, NATIONALITIES AND LANGUAGES:Since today is The European Day of Languages, lets play a short game. The A-to-Z (34 students)

arrange themselves in two rows, coming to the blackboard one by one from each row to write the nationalityin each country uttered by the teacher and the language spoken in that country, respectively. Each correctanswer is marked with 1 point. If one students does not know the correct answer, he will nevertheless get 1point if a student from his own group finds the correct answer. If the correct answer is uttered by theopposite team, the latter missed 1 point.

e.g. T: Did you use your English? Lets remember some country names, the people that live there, andthe languages they speak!

COUNTRY NATIONALITY / PEOPLE LANGUAGE1.

3) GROUP WORK DID YOU KNOW...? + Signal words:e.g. T: Diana, did you dance Syrtaki / in Greece? Did you enjoy it?

D: Of course, I did. It is also called Zorb's dance.The students divide into 3 groups. They fill in the worksheet with the corresponding names of

COUNTRY + PLACES/SIGHTS + CLOTHES + FOOD&DRINKS + LANGUAGE. They use the visual /linguistic prompts. (+/) The teacher can use signal words to help students order/pace their work. Thestudents are not allowed to use elements of the same category that the teacher uttered, e.g. if the teachersaid The Eiffel Tower, the students must write another famous French place. The members of the groupwhich finishes first are declared The Greatest Travellers.

Signal words:1. Atltico Madrid2. Bon Apptit!3. Tsatsiki / Tzatziki4. Sicily5. The Danube Delta

6. Sprechen Sie Deutsche?7. Ezel8. Varna9. ABBA10. William Shakespeare

COUNTRY PLACES / SIGHTS CLOTHES FOOD & DRINKS LANGUAGE1.

The LouvreMuseumThe LouvreThe LouvreMuseumMuseum Spaghetti

BologneseSpaghettiBolognese

SurstrSurstrmmingstallrikmmingstallr

ik

MerryChristm

as!MerryChristm

as!

The LouvreMuseum

HaggisHaggisHaggisFlamencostyleFlamencoFlamencostylestyle

Alles Gute

zum Geburtstag

!Alles Gu

teAlles Gu

te

zum Geburtstag

!zum Geb

urtstag!

KalimEra

Dirndl dressesDirndl dresses

Buenos das,seor Daz. Cmoest? Muy bien. Y tu?

Buenos dBuenos das,as,seseor Dor Daz. Caz. Cmomoestest?? Muy bien. Y tu?Muy bien. Y tu?

La Sagrada Familia

La Sagrada Familia

ChickenChickenYahniyaYahniya

Mussakas /Moussaka

TeTeekkekkrler!rler!

Baklava

Saya dress

Malmo TurningTorso Tower

Bine ai venit!Bine aBine ai venit!i venit!

Bratwrstemit Pretzels

Ayasofya /Ayasofya /Hagia SophiaHagia Sophia

The BrandenburgGate .Dobar vecher. ..Dobar vecher.Dobar vecher.

MilleMille--feuillefeuille

Foustanella /

TsoliasFoustanella /

Tsolias

/Zlatni pyasatsi) /Zlatni pyasatsi)

Talar duTalar duengelska?engelska?

ValencianPaella

The Colosseum

The Acropolis

Crinoline

4) QUIZZ HOW COSMOPOLITAN ARE YOU?:e.g. T: You know that each people or geographical area has certain characteristics, customs andtraditions. For example, wed rather eat pork at Christmas, while the Americans have turkey. It isrecommendable to respect such national or group habits. Lets see how cosmopolitan you are. Lets gothrough the quizz.

5) CITY QUOTES GUESSING ACTIVITY:1. When a man is tired of ..............., he is tired of life; for there is in ............... all that life can afford. (SamuelJohnson)2. When in ..............., do like the Romans do.3. ............... is a city of Southern efficiency and Northern charm. (John F. Kennedy)4. An artist has no home in Europe except in ............... . (Friedrich Nietzsche)5. If only we could go back to ................ ! Sell the house, finish with our life here, and go back to .................... .(Anton Chekhov)6. As far as loneliness, I feel ............... and its layout, having to drive everywhere it is a lonely place. Its anisolated city in that respect because youre driving to places alone listening to the radio. (Jason Schwartzman)7. ............... most resembles Rome The aristocratic beauty of the women of ..............., the way they walk andthe way they are attired, so graceful and elegant, reminded me of Dantes Paradise. (August Rodin)8. If you come from Paris to ............... you think you are in Moscow. But if you go from Moscow to ............... youthink you are in Paris. (Gyorgy Ligeti)9. I stood in ..............., on the Bridge of Sighs; / A palace and a prison on each hand. (Lord Byron)10. Boklaus mann er blind / Bookless man is (quite) blind , as they say in ............... .

6) SUPERSTITIONS FILL IN:e.g. T: While driving through Europe / Romania, did you father have a rabbits paw in his car to bringhim good luck?S: Of course, all drivers have a rabbits paw to prevent accidents.Think of the superstitions you know as active in some parts of the world. Then fill in the gaps with theobjects or beings which are considered as bringing good / bad luck.

1. Black ............... are lucky, say the British superstitions.2. In Hawaii a driver should not carry ............... in their car when driving on the Pali Highway since it offencesdemigod Kamapua (half-man, half-pig).3. In Romania, if you spill ............... you will definitely quarrel with somebody.4. The Chinese throw ............... at wedding for future fertility.5. Filipinos never take a ............... with 3 people since it will result in the middle person dying first.6. In some Mediterranean countries, you may give the evil ............... to babies if you praise them too much.7. In many countries, in Romania as well, the ............... sweeper is thought to bring good luck.8. Touch ............... is supposed to prevent bad luck in many Christian countries.9. In France they dont place a ............... on a bed or a table not to have bad luck.10. The Turks believe that leaving a pair of ............... open in the household will cause much conflict.

7) DECORATING THE CLASSROOM:The students decorate the classroom with their most representative summer pictures. They create a

pleasant / friendly atmosphere, involving their own summer experiences. They can vote for the most beautifulsummer photograph.

8) SONG LISTENING: From London to Paris from Ali Zafar, Sunidhi Chauhan http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SmzKos4cVxE.

You Are what You Eat (10th Grade / Upper Intermediate)

1) WARMER / BRAINSTORMING FRONTAL ACTIVITY:e.g. T: Are you hungry? What would you like to have? (T shows images with well-known foods and the Ssname them / give their own answers): pizza, omelette, sausages, spaghetti, croissants, roastedchicken, fish and chips, bananas etc.?

2) PAIR WORK / RESEARCH WORK DO YOU REMEMBER...?:e.g. T: We eat Camembert in France, Tiramisu in Italy, m@m@lig@, cheese and cream in Romania,shrimps all over Asia. Lets remember some more national foods all over the world! In fact, some foodstereotypes!The students work in pairs. They fill in with the proper national dishes. Use online dictionaries and

images on http://www.google.com/imghp whenever necessary.1. Cheddar the most famous of the British ............... .2. ............... is a dish of southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand) consisting of strips ofmarinated meat, poultry, or seafood grilled on skewers and dipped in peanut sauce.3. One of the most popular types of ring-shaped pasta (stuffed with meat, cheese or vegetables) is called................ .4. Eaten in North Africa, a national dish in Algeria, ............... is a versatile granular type of pasta, used anaccompaniment to meat, fish, cooked vegetables or tagines.5. Traditional ............... is a dish popular in the Balkan region of Southeastern Europe, being a mixture ofground meats (lamb, pork, beef or veal grilled with onions).6. Black ............... , a type stronger in flavour, is known as red ............... in Mandarin Chinese (hngch) andthe languages of neighbouring countries.7. Which would you try? Peking ............... as in China or New York, smoked and fried, with apple-honey sauce,sweet bean sauce and wild rice, .......... l'orange (roasted and served with an orange sauce), roast ...............breast on braised red cabbage in Romania?8. The Mexican tortilla is a kind of thin ............... , folded around a filling such as ground meat or cheese.9. Pierogi ruskie, a national dish of Poland, are Ruthenian Christmas dumplings with dried ............... .10. In Canada and the United States, ............... syrup is used to flavour pancakes, waffles, French toast, fritters,ice cream, hot cereal, fresh fruit, cakes, pies, breads, tea, coffee, sausages, the ............... leaf being otherwisepresent on the flag of Canada.3) GROUP WORK WATCHING A PPS: FOOD AROUND THE WORLD FILL IN:

e.g. T: If I say pizza, youll say... S: Italy. T: If I say chili pepper, youll say... S: Mexico.The students divide into 2 groups. They fill in the worksheet:GROUP 1: EXAMINERS write NAME OF THE COUNTRYGROUP 2: CHEFS write 3 TYPICAL/NATIONAL FOODS.

They use the visual / linguistic prompts. Then the students report their findings, putting them together.They read the name of the 10 countries and exemplify typical foods.

COUNTRY TYPICAL / NATIONAL FOODS1.

Vietnamese FoodVietnamese FoodVietnamese FoodVietnamese FoodVietnamese FoodVietnamese FoodTurkish FoodTurkish FoodTurkish FoodTurkish FoodTurkish FoodTurkish Food

4) INDIVIDUAL WORK FOOD FOR LIFE FILL IN:e.g T: Some foods are associated with certain celebrations. We eat turkey on Christmas and lamb atEaster. Lets find some other foods people eat on certain occasions, depending on their religion,traditions, area of the world etc.The students fill in the missing information on the cultural references to food, using the clues in the

given sentences:1. It would be wise to bear in mind that ..............., shellfish, and alcohol are forbidden in many Arab countries.2. If youve invited a Hindu round for dinner, it wouldnt please them to be presented with a plate of beef, as............... are sacred in the Hindu religion.3. Roast beef and Yorkshire pudding are served in the United Kingdom as part of a traditional ............... roast.4. Panettone is a large, round yeasted fruitcake from Italy, traditionally eaten at ............... and ............... .5. Shrove ............... or Pancake Day (Mardi Gras, Fat or Grease .............. in France and the United States) isthe day before Easter Lent. 'Shrove' means being forgiven for wrong-doings.6. ............... dinner in the United States and Canada is a large meal, generally centered around a large roastedturkey.7. On our birthdays we enjoy having tort or ............... .8. Red, yellow, white, black, and ............... are to be found in any full-course Korean meal.9. During the period of ..............., when fasting lasts from sunrise to sunset sufoor and iftar , the Muslimstraditionally eat light, nutritious meals, containing breads, cheeses, fresh vegetables, pistachios, nuts, fruits suchas dates (the food Muhammad ate when he broke from his fast).10. Most Buddhists follow a strict . diet, not be responsible for the death of any living organism.5) JOKE FILL IN PREPOSITIONS DISCUSS WHERE IT FITS:There are two cows (1) ............ a field somewhere (2) ............ Britain. One cow says (3) ............ the other,Arent you worried (4) ............. it all? The second cow replies, Worried? (5) ............ what? You know, saysthe first cow, what they are saying (6) ............ us (7) ............ the newspapers and (8) ........... TV. What are theysaying? asks the second cow. You know, answers the first cow, that we cows are all a bit mad and that wesuffer (9) ........... Mad Cow Disease. The second cow replies, Whats that got to do (10) .......... me? Im aduck!

Mexican Curry PuffsMexican Curry Puffs

Mexican TacosMexican Tacos

Mexican TortillasMexican TortillasMexican Curry PuffsMexican Curry Puffs

Mexican TacosMexican Tacos

Mexican TortillasMexican TortillasMexican Curry PuffsMexican Curry Puffs

Mexican TacosMexican Tacos

Mexican TortillasMexican Tortillas

SELECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY / SIGLESAxtell, Roger E., Do's and Taboos of Using English Around the World, New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1995.Baudrillard, Jean, Societatea de consum. Mituri }i structuri, Bucure}ti, Editura Comunicare.ro, 2005 (sigle: BauSc).B@descu, Ilie (coord.), Geopolitica integr@rii europene, Bucure}ti, Editura Universit@]ii din Bucure}ti, 2002.Bennett, Christine I., Comprehensive Multicultural Education: Theory and Practice, Massachusetts, Allen & Bacon, 1995 (sigle: BennC).Bor]un, Dumitru, Semiotic@. Limbaj }i comunicare, Bucure}ti, Comunicare.ro, 2001 (sigle: BorS).Brendan Stone, Globalized Corporations and the Erosion of State Power, in Global Research, May 16, 2007 (sigle: BreG).Cher, G. & Starosta, W., Communication and Global Society, New York, Peter Lang, 2000.Ciocea, M@lina, Securitatea cultural@. Dilema identit@]ii n lumea global@, Bucure}ti, Editura Tritonic, 2009.Claval, Paul, Geopolitica }i geostrategie, Bucure}ti, Editura Corint, 2001.Cuilenburg, J. J. van; Scholten, O.; Noomen, G. W., {tiin]a comunic@rii, Bucure}ti, Editura Humanitas, 2004 (sigle: CSN, 9).Dncu, Vasile Sebastian, Comunicarea simbolic@. Arhitectura discursului publicitar, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Dacia, 2001.Mucchielli, Alex, Arta de a comunica. Metode, forme }i psihologia situa]iilor de comunicare, Ia}i, Editura Polirom, 2005 (sigle: MucAc).Mucchielli, Alex, Arta de a influen]a. Analiza tehnicilor de manipulare, Ia}i, Editura Polirom, 2002.Parekh, Bhikhu C., Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory, Harvard University Press, 2002 (sigle: PaRe).Pine, Gerald J., Hilliard, Asa G., Rx for Racism: Imperatives for Americas Schools, Phi Delta Kappan, 1990, pp. 593-600 (sigle: PiHiRx).Pratkanis, A. R.; Aronson, Elliot, Age of Propaganda: The Everyday Use and Abuse of Persuasion, New York, W. H. Freeman, 2001.Preyer, G., Borderlines in a Globalized World, in New Perspectives in a Sociology of the World-System, vol. 9, 2002 (sigle: PreB).Prodromou, Luke, First Certificate Star. Students Book, Macmillan, Heinemann, London, 2003, pp. 31-41, 92-99, 134-139.Putnam, Robert D., E Pluribus Unum: Diversity and Community in the 21st Century , in Scandinavian Political Studies, No. 30 (2), 2007.Rusu, Hora]iu, Schimbare social@ }i identitate sociocultural@, Ia}i, Institutul European, 2008.Taylor, Kathleen, Sp@larea creierului. {tiin]a manipul@rii, Bucharest, Paralela 45 Publishing House, 2007 (sigle: TaySc).Trotman, C. James, Multiculturalism: Roots and Realities, Indiana University Press, 2002, pp. 9-10 (sigle: TrotM).Z@prtan, Liviu, Este globalizarea ideologizabil@? (Sarmalele cu m@m@ligu]@ }i globalizarea), JSRI, No.5 / 2003, pp. 178-196 (sigle: Z@pE).http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiculturalismhttp://www.createwisconsin.nethttp://www.edchange.org/multicultural/http://www.etsu.eduhttp://www.globalresearch.ca

Mdlina Liedl, Cora PetricGrade: 12th Philology 2Prof. Gabriela Pachia

Mdlina LiedlMost people are satisfied with the junk food being sold as music. (Billy Joel)

Don't dig your grave withyour knife and fork !

(English Proverb)

Don't dig your grave withDon't dig your grave withyour knife and fork !your knife and fork !

(English Proverb)(English Proverb) Coke Red meats White bread and cakes French fries Dried coconut Butter Chocolates Cream and icecream Processed cheese

CokeCoke RedRed meatsmeats WhiteWhite breadbread and cand cakesakes FrenchFrench friesfries DriedDried coconutcoconut ButterButter ChocolatesChocolates CreamCream andand icecreamicecream ProcessedProcessed cheesecheese

10 foods you should NEVER eat1010 foodsfoods youyou shouldshould NEVERNEVER eateat1. Quaker Oats 100 % Natural Oats and HoneyGranola2. Gwaltney Great Dogs Chicken Franks3. Entemanns Rich Frosted Donut Variety Pack4. Nissin Cup Noodles with Shrimp5. Frito-Lays Wow Potato Chips6. Oscar Mayer Lunchables7. Burger Kings french fries8. Campbells red label soups9. Bugles10. Contadinas Alfredo Sauce

1.1. QuakerQuaker OatsOats 100100 % Natural% Natural OatsOats andand HoneyHoneyGranolaGranola2.2. GwaltneyGwaltney GreatGreat DogsDogs ChickenChicken FranksFranks3.3. EntemannEntemannss RichRich FrostedFrosted DonutDonut VarietyVariety PackPack4.4. NissinNissin CupCup NoodlesNoodles withwith ShrimpShrimp5. Frito5. Frito--LayLays Wow Potato Chipss Wow Potato Chips6. Oscar Mayer Lunchables6. Oscar Mayer Lunchables7. Burger King7. Burger Kings french friess french fries8. Campbell8. Campbells red label soupss red label soups9. Bugles9. Bugles10. Contadina10. Contadinas Alfredo Sauces Alfredo Sauce

10 foods you SHOULD eat:1010 foodsfoods youyou SHOULDSHOULD eat:eat:1. Sweet potatoes (carotenoids, vitamin C, potassium,fiber)2. 100% whole grain bread (vitamins, minerals)3. Broccoli (vitamin C, carotenoids, folic acid)4. Watermelon (vitamin C, carotenoids)5. Beans (low fat, high protein, iron, folic acid, fiber)6. Cantaloupe (vitamin A and C)7. Spinach, kale (calcium, fiber, carotenoids, vitamin C)8. Oranges (vitamin C, folic acid, potassium, fiber)9. Oatmeal (soluble fiber, lowers bad cholesterol)10. 1% milk (protein)

11.. SweetSweet potatoespotatoes ((carotenoidscarotenoids,, vitaminvitamin C,C, potassium,potassium,fiberfiber))22.. 100%100% wholewhole graingrain breadbread ((vitaminsvitamins,, mineralsminerals))33.. BroccoliBroccoli ((vitaminvitamin C,C, carotenoidscarotenoids,, folicfolic acidacid))44.. WatermelonWatermelon ((vitaminvitamin CC,, carotenoidscarotenoids))5.5. BeansBeans ((low fat, highlow fat, high proteinprotein,, iron, folic acidiron, folic acid,, fiberfiber))6.6. CantaloupeCantaloupe ((vitamin A and Cvitamin A and C))7.7. SpinacSpinachh,, kalekale ((calcium, fiber, carotenoids, vitamincalcium, fiber, carotenoids, vitamin CC))8.8. OrangesOranges ((vitamin C, folic acid, potassiumvitamin C, folic acid, potassium,, fiberfiber))9.9. OatmealOatmeal ((soluble fibersoluble fiber,, lowerlowerss badbad cholesterolcholesterol))10.10. 1% milk1% milk ((proteinprotein))

Cora PetricTomatoes and oregano make it Italian, wine and tarragon make it French,

sour cream makes it Russian, lemon and cinnamon make it Greek,soy sauce makes it Chinese, garlic makes it good. (Alice May Brock)

What Indians eat varies by region and religion.What Indians eat varies by region and religion.Northern Indians eatNorthern Indians eat flat breadsflat breads, while those, while thosefrom southern India prefer rice. In coastalfrom southern India prefer rice. In coastalstatesstates ((Kerala and BengalKerala and Bengal),), fishfish dishes aredishes arepopular.popular. ChickenChicken andand muttonmutton are eaten in plainsare eaten in plainsand mountain regions. While many Hindus avoidand mountain regions. While many Hindus avoideating beef, Muslims avoid pork.eating beef, Muslims avoid pork. MMany Indiansany Indians((Hindus, Buddhists, and JainsHindus, Buddhists, and Jains)) areare vegetarianvegetarianss..SpicesSpices are used Indian dishes. When it is hot,are used Indian dishes. When it is hot,spicesspices ((chili pepperschili peppers,, garlicgarlic)) help the bodyhelp the bodysweat and cool it down. In colder weather,sweat and cool it down. In colder weather,spicesspices ((cloves, cinnamon, ginger, black pepper,cloves, cinnamon, ginger, black pepper,nutmegnutmeg,, cardamomcardamom)) help warm the body.help warm the body.

IngredientsIngredients 2 pounds boneless chicken thighs or breasts, skin removed2 pounds boneless chicken thighs or breasts, skin removed cup plain yogurtcup plain yogurt 2 teaspoons turmeric, ground2 teaspoons turmeric, ground 1 teaspoon paprika1 teaspoon paprika teaspoon chili powderteaspoon chili powder teaspoon garlic powderteaspoon garlic powder teaspoon saltteaspoon salt teaspoon garam masala (optional)teaspoon garam masala (optional) 1 lemon1 lemon Onion slices (optional)Onion slices (optional)

ProcedureProcedure Prick each piece of chicken with a forkPrick each piece of chicken with a fork, r, rub the pieces with salt black pepper.ub the pieces with salt black pepper. In a separate bowl, combine the yogurt, ground turmeric, paprikaIn a separate bowl, combine the yogurt, ground turmeric, paprika, chili powder,, chili powder,garlic powder, salt, and garam masala. Mix well.garlic powder, salt, and garam masala. Mix well. Drop each piece of chicken into a bowlDrop each piece of chicken into a bowl,, coat with yogurt mixture.coat with yogurt mixture. Place the chicken in a glass baking dishPlace the chicken in a glass baking dish,, cover with plastic wrap; refrigerate 1hour.cover with plastic wrap; refrigerate 1hour. Preheat the oven to 350Preheat the oven to 350F. Bake the chicken, uncovered, for 30F. Bake the chicken, uncovered, for 30--40 minutes.40 minutes.When thoroughly cooked, place the chicken on a serving plate.When thoroughly cooked, place the chicken on a serving plate. Slice the lemonSlice the lemon,, squeeze the juice on top before serving.squeeze the juice on top before serving. Top with sliced onionsTop with sliced onions..

TandooriTandoori Chicken (Spicy Barbecued Chicken)Chicken (Spicy Barbecued Chicken)

Although Italians are known for pizza, pasta, and tomatoAlthough Italians are known for pizza, pasta, and tomatosauce, the national diet of Italy has traditionally differed gresauce, the national diet of Italy has traditionally differed greatlyatlyby region. Prior to the blending cooking practices among differeby region. Prior to the blending cooking practices among differentntregions, it was possible to distinguish Italian cooking by the tregions, it was possible to distinguish Italian cooking by the type ofype ofcooking fat used: butter used in the north, pork fat in the centcooking fat used: butter used in the north, pork fat in the centererof the country, and olive oil in the south. Staple dishes in theof the country, and olive oil in the south. Staple dishes in the northnorthwere rice and polenta, and pasta was most popular throughout thewere rice and polenta, and pasta was most popular throughout thesouth. During the last decades of the twentieth century, howeversouth. During the last decades of the twentieth century, however,,pasta and pizza became popular in the north of Italy. Pasta is mpasta and pizza became popular in the north of Italy. Pasta is moreorelikely to be served with a white cheese sauce in the north and alikely to be served with a white cheese sauce in the north and atomatotomato--based sauce in the south.based sauce in the south.Italians are known for their use of herbs in cooking,Italians are known for their use of herbs in cooking,especially oregano, basil, thyme, parsley, rosemary, and sage.especially oregano, basil, thyme, parsley, rosemary, and sage.Cheese plays an important role in Italian cuisine. There are morCheese plays an important role in Italian cuisine. There are moreethan 400 types of cheese made in Italy, with Parmesan, mozzarellthan 400 types of cheese made in Italy, with Parmesan, mozzarella,a,and asiago among the best known worldwide. Prosciutto ham, theand asiago among the best known worldwide. Prosciutto ham, themost popular ingredient of the Italian antipasto (first course)most popular ingredient of the Italian antipasto (first course) waswasfirst made in Parmafirst made in Parma (the(the city gave its name to Parmesan cheesecity gave its name to Parmesan cheese))..

IngredientsIngredients 1 cup butter or margarine at room temperature1 cup butter or margarine at room temperature cup heavy creamcup heavy cream cup Parmesan cheese, gratedcup Parmesan cheese, grated 1 pound cooked pasta, such as fettuccini1 pound cooked pasta, such as fettuccini Salt, pepper, and ground nutmeg to tasteSalt, pepper, and ground nutmeg to taste

ProcedureProcedure Cook pasta according to directions on package. Warm a serving boCook pasta according to directions on package. Warm a serving bowl in thewl in theoven set to the lowest temperature until ready to use.oven set to the lowest temperature until ready to use. Place butter or margarine in a mixing bowl, and using a wooden sPlace butter or margarine in a mixing bowl, and using a wooden spoon, beatpoon, beatuntil light and fluffy. Gradually add cream and mix until well buntil light and fluffy. Gradually add cream and mix until well blended.lended. Add the cheese by Tablespoon, beating well after each addition.Add the cheese by Tablespoon, beating well after each addition. Using oven mitts, remove the heated serving bowl from oven and pUsing oven mitts, remove the heated serving bowl from oven and place on alace on aheatproof work surface.heatproof work surface. Place the drained, cooked pasta in the warm bowl and add cheesePlace the drained, cooked pasta in the warm bowl and add cheese mixture.mixture. Make sure all the pasta is coated with the sauce.Make sure all the pasta is coated with the sauce. Add salt, pepper, and nutmeg to taste and continue to coat pastaAdd salt, pepper, and nutmeg to taste and continue to coat pasta.. Serve while very hot with a side dish of grated cheese.Serve while very hot with a side dish of grated cheese. The dish goes well with a green saladThe dish goes well with a green salad,, Italian dressing and warm garlic bread.Italian dressing and warm garlic bread.

Rice is the main dietary staple of Thailand. ThaisRice is the main dietary staple of Thailand. Thaiseat two kinds of rice: the standard white kind andeat two kinds of rice: the standard white kind andglutinous, or sticky, rice. Sticky rice rolled into aglutinous, or sticky, rice. Sticky rice rolled into aball is the main rice eaten in northeastern Thailand.ball is the main rice eaten in northeastern Thailand.It is also used in desserts throughout the country.It is also used in desserts throughout the country.Rice is eaten at almost every meal and also madeRice is eaten at almost every meal and also madeinto flour used in noodles, dumplings, and desserts.into flour used in noodles, dumplings, and desserts.Most main dishes use beef, chicken, pork, orMost main dishes use beef, chicken, pork, orseafood, but the Thais also eat vegetarian dishes.seafood, but the Thais also eat vegetarian dishes.Thai food is known for its unique combinations ofThai food is known for its unique combinations ofseasoning. Although it is hot and spicy, Thai cookingseasoning. Although it is hot and spicy, Thai cookingis carefully balanced to bring out all the differentis carefully balanced to bring out all the differentflavors in a dish. Curries (dishes made with a spicyflavors in a dish. Curries (dishes made with a spicypowder called curry) are a mainstay of Thai cooking.powder called curry) are a mainstay of Thai cooking.

IngredientsIngredients 1 pound skinless, boneless chicken breast1 pound skinless, boneless chicken breast 1 teaspoon black pepper1 teaspoon black pepper 1 teaspoon ground cumin1 teaspoon ground cumin 1 teaspoon ground coriander1 teaspoon ground coriander teaspoon turmericteaspoon turmeric 1 teaspoon chopped garlic1 teaspoon chopped garlic 1 Tablespoon sugar1 Tablespoon sugar 1 Tablespoon vegetable oil1 Tablespoon vegetable oil 1 Tablespoon soy sauce1 Tablespoon soy sauce 1 Tablespoon lemon juice1 Tablespoon lemon juice 1 teaspoon fish sauce1 teaspoon fish sauce Small amount of oil or coconut milkSmall amount of oil or coconut milk Fresh coriander leavesFresh coriander leaves Lettuce leavesLettuce leaves

Mexican Curry PuffsMexican Curry Puffs

Mexican TacosMexican Tacos

Mexican TortillasMexican Tortillas

Vietnamese FoodVietnamese Food Turkish FoodTurkish Food

Prof. Gabriela PachiaThe greener, the redder, the bluer, the better when it comes to foods that are good for you.

(American Cancer Society)

Food PoisoningFood PoisoningAdditives in SupermarketsAdditives in Supermarkets Food AdditivesFood Additives

Flavour enhancersFlavour enhancers Flour treatmentFlour treatmentagentsagents Glazing agentsGlazing agents HumectantsHumectants Tracer gasTracer gas PreservativesPreservatives StabilizersStabilizers SweetenersSweeteners ThickenersThickeners

AcidsAcids Acidity regulatorsAcidity regulators Anticaking agentsAnticaking agents Antifoaming agentsAntifoaming agents AntioxidantsAntioxidants Bulking agentsBulking agents Food colouringFood colouring Colour retentionColour retentionagentsagents EmulsifiersEmulsifiers

RED: against ovarianand pancreatic cancer

ORANGE: againststomach, breast and

ovarian cancer YELLOW: against

esophageal and stomachcancer

GREEN: against lung,stomach, breast and

ovarian cancer NEUTRAL (WHITE):against stomach, colon

and ovarian cancer

REDRED: against ovarian: against ovarianand pancreatic cancerand pancreatic cancer

ORANGEORANGE: against: againststomach, breast andstomach, breast and

ovarian cancerovarian cancer YELLOWYELLOW: against: against

esophageal and stomachesophageal and stomachcancercancer

GREENGREEN: against lung,: against lung,stomach, breast andstomach, breast and

ovarian cancerovarian cancer NEUTRAL (WHITE)NEUTRAL (WHITE)::against stomach, colonagainst stomach, colon

and ovarian cancerand ovarian cancer

When dietWhen dietis wrong,is wrong,medicine ismedicine isof no use.of no use.

When diet isWhen diet iscorrect,correct,

medicine ismedicine isof no need.of no need.(Ancient(AncientAyurvedicAyurvedicproverb)proverb)

DISEASESDISEASES brain damage, nervebrain damage, nerve--cell deterioration / inhibition, hyperactivity,cell deterioration / inhibition, hyperactivity,headaches, schizophrenia, Dementia and Alzheimerheadaches, schizophrenia, Dementia and Alzheimers, depression,s, depression,lack of energy, extreme fatigue, poor concentration / drowsinesslack of energy, extreme fatigue, poor concentration / drowsiness,,encephalopathy / brain rotting diseaseencephalopathy / brain rotting diseasevitamin depletion, cramps, leaky bowels / anal leakage, food dyvitamin depletion, cramps, leaky bowels / anal leakage, food dyeesticks to liquids, malnutrition, deficiency (of vital nutrients,sticks to liquids, malnutrition, deficiency (of vital nutrients, oxygen,oxygen,proteins, vitaminsproteins, vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K), stomach irritation,A, B, C, D, E, and K), stomach irritation,obesity, liver disease, inability to control appetite, fat deposobesity, liver disease, inability to control appetite, fat depositsitslung / skin / bladder / lymphaticlung / skin / bladder / lymphatic tumourstumours / cancer/ cancerinfertility, birth defects, miscarriage, major organ damage, grinfertility, birth defects, miscarriage, major organ damage, growthowthproblems, muscle weakness (growth), tooth decayproblems, muscle weakness (growth), tooth decaykidneys damagekidneys damagehearing loss, blurred visionhearing loss, blurred visionasthmaasthmaarteryartery--cloggingclogging, heart diseases, heart attack, stroke, heart diseases, heart attack, strokeimmune system disorderimmune system disorder(premature) DEATH / additives kill slowly if ingested regularly(premature) DEATH / additives kill slowly if ingested regularly

Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food. (Hippocrates)A fat stomach never breeds fine thoughts. (St. Jerome)The belly rules the mind. (Spanish Proverb)When youre green inside, youre clean inside. (Dr. Bernard Jensen)Eat vegetables and fear no creditors, rather than eat duck and hide. (Hebrew Proverb)Man is what he eats. (Lucretius, 96-55 B.C., De Rerum Natura)An apple a day keeps the doctor away. (English proverb)We never repent of having eaten too little. (Thomas Jefferson)Never eat more than you can lift. (Michel de Montaigne; Miss Piggy)Hunger is the best sauce in the world. (Cervantes)Appetite comes with eating; the more one has, the more one would have. (French Proverb)Sacred cows make the best hamburger. (Mark Twain)Ill-health, of body or of mind, is defeat. Health alone is victory. (Thomas Carlyle)Icecream is exquisite. What a pity it isnt illegal ! (Voltaire)Ideas should be clear and chocolate thick. (Spanish Proverb)Cookies are made of butter and love. (Norwegian Proverb)What is food to one man may be fierce poison to others. (Lucretius)A man too busy to take care of his health is like a mechanic too busy to take care of his tools. (Spanish Proverb)An empty belly is the best cook. (Romanian and Estonian Proverb)Choose rather to punish your appetites than be punished by them. (Tyrius Maximus)Fools make feasts, and wise men eat them. (Benjamin Franklin)When eating fruit, remember who planted the tree; when drinking water, remember who dug the well. (Vietnamese)Vitality and beauty are gifts of Nature for those who live according to its laws. (Leonard Da Vinci)Oh, the tiger will love you. There is no sincerer love than the love of food. (G. B. Shaw)To eat is a necessity, but to eat intelligently is an art. (La Rochefoucauld)Life is not living, but living in health. (Martial)Part of the secret of success in life is to eat what you want and let the food fight it out inside. (Mark Twain)One cannot think well, love well, sleep well, if one has not dined well. (Virginia Woolf)Training is everything cauliflower is nothing but cabbage with a college education. (Mark Twain)Except the vine, there is no plant which bears a fruit of as great importance as the olive. (Pliny)To taste right, fish must swim three times in water, in butter, and in wine. (Polish Proverb)We must eat to live, and not live to eat. (Cicero; Henry Fieding)

WORLD FOOD DAY 16th October 2013, Sustainable Food Systems for Food Security & NutritionThe International Symposium Nutritive Education and the Contemporary Challenges / The Project We Cherish Health,Fifth Edition, Liceul Tehnologic de Industrie Alimentar Timioara, 15th November 2013, Partners: M.E.C.T.S., I..J. Timi, C.J.Timi, Facultatea de Tehnologie a Produselor Alimentare Timioara, Facultatea de Management Agricol, Facultatea de MedicinVeterinar Timioara, Direcia de Sntate Public Timi, IDREA COOP Italia, FIDEAS SRL OFFIDA, ITALIA, Colegiul Naional C.D. Loga, Liceul cu Program Sportiv Banatul, coala cu clasele I-VIII Racovia (ISSN 2344-5890, ISSN-L 2344-5890)

Bibliography Craving for junk food inherited Mothers who eat junk food during pregnancy may be condemning their children to crave the same diet, according to animal tests,BBC News, 14 August 2007. Goodwin, Jenifer, Junk Food Addiction May Be Real, Business Week, March 29, 2010. Junk food ad crackdown announced, BBC News. 2006, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/6154600.stm. 2006. Johnson, Paul M.; Kenny, Paul J., Dopamine D2 receptors in addiction-like reward dysfunction and compulsive eating in obese rats, Nature Neuroscience.doi:10.1038/nn.2519, 2010. ONeill, Brendon (November 30, 2006), Is this what you call junk food?, BBC News, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine, June 29, 1010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthy_eating_pyramid http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_additive http://lancaster.unl.edu/food http://nativeharvest.com http://ro.stiri.yahoo.com/dr-oz-culorile-alimentelor-care-te-feresc-cancer-084641566.html http://www.brainyquote.com http://www.dontgetmewrong.org/2012/01/junk-foodthe-real-junk.html http://www.famous-quotes.com http://www.fastfoodcenter.com/junk-food.html http://www.foodmatters.tv/articles-1/8-additives-from-the-us-that-are-banned-in-other-countries http://www.homelifeweekly.com http://www.natural-health-restored.com/unhealthy-foods.html http://www.pyramiddesignsllc.com http://www.quotegarden.com http://www.quotationspage.com http://www.worldofquotes.com

Roxana Andrea Andra}, Andreea Antal, Grade: 10th Natural Sciences 2Cristina M@d@lina Drehu]@, Daniel Domi]ian Iuonac, Grade: 10th Mathematics-Informatics 2

Superstitions is the religion of the feeble minds. (Edmund Burke)Superstition is the poetry of life. (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe)There is a superstition in avoiding superstition. (Francis Bacon)

A fools brain digests philosophy into folly, science into superstition, and artinto pedantry. Hence University education. (George Bernard Shaw)

Fear is the main source of superstition and one of the main sources of cruelty.To conquer fear is the beginning of wisdom. (Bertrand Russell)

In an era of Postmodernism and technology, it is astonising that one should discover how present and significantsuperstitions, customs, and traditions are. They have a tremendous impact upon us, leading us into aninstinctively primitive life, although not offering satisfactory explanation. There is little evidence for superstitions,still they enjoy credibility, authenticity, increasingly dominating our lives. Superstition is defined as prejudiceresulting from the belief in good and evil spirits, in charms and spells, omens, fateful numbers or other remnantsof animism and magic.

Friday 13thIt gave rise to superstitions since the 19th century. In fact, this is only a theory and speculation, but the influence isquite strong. Many people avoid serious cases (business meetings, meetings, banquets) the day is believed to becursed and to cause troubles. Fear of Friday the 13th is rooted in ancient, separate bad-luck associations withnumber 13 and Friday. The two unlucky entities combine to make one super unlucky day.

Unlucky number 13Superstition states that number 13 is unlucky. That is why many architects still refuse to design a 13-step ladderor a building of 13 floors. The fear of number 13 is so real that psychologists talk about the whole phobia,Triskaydekafobiya. 13 used to be a very lucky number. In fact, it was deemed unlucky by the Catholic Church andthe trend continued. More than 80 percent of high-rises lack a 13th floor. Many airports skip the 13th gate.Airplanes have no 13th aisle. Hospitals and hotels regularly have no room number 13. Italians omit the number 13from their national lottery. In the streets of Florence, Italy, the house between number 12 and 14 is addressed as12 and a half. In France, socialists known as the quatorziens (fourteeners) once made themselves available as 14thguests to keep a dinner party from an unlucky fate. Many triskaidekaphobes point to the ill-fated mission to themoon, Apollo 13. If you have 13 letters in your name, you will have the devils luck. Jack the Ripper, CharlesManson, Jeffrey Dahmer, Theodore Bundy and Albert De Salvo all have 13 letters in their names.

Mirrors take the soulAccording to superstition, gazing into a mirror steals your soul. This explains why the evil queen uses a mirror toharm Snow White, why Narcissus was trapped by his own reflection, why vampires do not have reflections.Breaking a mirror means seven years of bad luck until the soul heals. Some superstitious sources claim that themirror of the soul could adversely affect our destiny. To undo this, take the shards of glass and bury themunderneath the moonlight. On the contrary, the photo is considered the cage of the soul in the early 19th century.

Shooting starsSuperstition about guessing the desire for a shooting star is somewhat doubtful. The Europeans believed that thegods sometimes look down, and when they are pushing for this, heavens and the stars begin to fall. The Greeksbelieved that the shooting stars were the souls of the people, and made a wish about something they desired. Ifyou make a wish on a falling star, your wish will come true.

Cross your fingersCrossing fingers is a gesture of good luck, used during the Christian persecution, allowing his believers to knoweach other. Today, crossing fingers is a sign of a white lie.

Umbrella indoorsOne explanation comes to us from the days when umbrellas were used as protection from the sun. Opening anumbrella indoors was considered an affront to the god of the sun, and he could punish you by means of failure.An umbrella protects from lifes troubles, thus, by opening it in the house, you are insulting the brownies (whichalso protect you from lifes troubles), they may be offended and leave.

A new broom, a new house, the failureIn the 14th century, brooms were first regarded as a vehicle for witches transportation. It is still bad luck to chasesomeone around with a broom. According to legend, you cannot sweep debris out of the new house with a newbroom, until there is anything dirty inside. You may sweep away your luck. Do not lean a broom against a bed!The evil spirits in the broom will cast a spell on the bed. If you sweep trash out after it gets dark, it will bring astranger to visit. If someone is sweeping the floor and sweeps over your feet, youll never get married. Never takean old broom along when you move. To prevent an unwelcome guest from returning, sweep out the room theystayed in immediately after they leave.

Lucky rabbits foot / pawHaving the mascot is a trouble for the rabbit and a huge success for the owner. The superstition originates fromthe 7th century B.C. in African American totemism. Thus, you can get the supernatural rabbit luck, having the lefthind paw of a rabbit, killed or captured in the cemetery at full moon. Rabbits were associated with fertility andprosperity, being characterized by their distinctive and stylised walk. The suggestion that the rabbits foot is asubstitute for a body part from a witchs body is corroborated by folklore from hoodoo.

Knock on wood / Touch woodThe phrase has Christian origins, namely knocking on the wood of Jesus Christs cross. to be lured by fate, thusrecognising their luck. In ancient times, people thought that trees were good living spirits so they knocked on tocall them for help. In the old English folklore, knocking on wood was referred to when people spoke of secrets:they went into isolated woods and knocked on the trees while talking to hide their communication from evilspirits who would be unable to hear their words. Knocking was also to perk up the spirits to make them work inthe requesters favour. Yet a sect of Monks wore large wooden crosses around their necks to tap or knock onthem to ward away evil. In Romania, the superstition refers to avoiding bad things aforementioned by literallyknocking on wood, due to a monastery practice to call people to pray by playing or knocking the simantron.

The lucky horseshoeA horseshoe hung above the doorway will bring good luck to a home. In most of Europe, protective horseshoesare placed in a downward facing position, but in some parts of Ireland and Britain people believe that the shoesmust be turned upward or the luck will run out. A horseshoe hung in the bedroom will keep nightmares away.This superstition is connected with the fact that the horseshoe has seven holes obviously, a lucky number.There is the story of St. Dunstan, who warned the demon to avoid houses with a horseshoe above the doorframing. Witches were said to fear horses, therefore avoiding any place under the protection of horseshoes.

Sneezes and Cheers !For many, the phrase bless you after someone sneezes is a gesture of politeness. Place a hand in front of yourmouth when sneezing. Otherwise your soul may escape. The devil can enter your body when you sneeze. Havingsomeone say, God bless you, drives the devil away. However, the origin of this formality is from Pope Gregorythe Great, who spoke so to people sneezing during the bubonic plague, and the erroneous belief that the soul

disappears from the body during a sneeze and the heart stops for a moment. Hence the phrase bless you was away to greet the man who has come back to life. If you sneeze on a Monday, you sneeze for danger; Sneeze on aTuesday, kiss a stranger; Sneeze on a Wednesday, sneeze for a letter; Sneeze on a Thursday, something better;Sneeze on a Friday, sneeze for sorrow; Sneeze on a Saturday, see your sweetheart tomorrow; Sneeze on a Sunday,and the devil will have domination over you all week.

Four-leaf cloverAccording to tradition, such the four-leaf clover brings good luck to the finders, especially if found accidentally.Each leaf represents something: the first is for faith, the second is for hope, the third is for love, and the fourth isfor luck. In some traditions, it has also been used to find a husband or a wife. The magic works like this: first youhave to find a clover with four leaves, then you have to eat it (or put in your shoe). After that, you need strengthand good luck to activate the first person you meet, and that person will be your future husband or wife.

The sharp thingsThe knife as a gift from a lover means that the love will soon end. A knife placed under the bed during childbirthwill ease the pain of labour. If a friend gives you a knife, you should give him a coin, or your friendship will soonbe broken. It will cause a quarrel if knives are crossed at the table. It is bad luck to close a pocket knife unless youwere the one who opened it.

Itchy palmsThe idea of having an itchy palm generally refers to someone who is greedy or has an insatiable desire for money.Some people believe that if the right palm itches, you will lose money, while an itchy left palm means that moneyis coming your way. If both palms itch, you may want to go to a doctor for that.

Barn owlsIn ancient times, barn owls were considered bad omens and witchcraft objects. Their sharp hearing explains theirprey hunt even in the darkest areas.

The black catThe Black Cat takes all the negative energy in the house. If someone passes in front it will bring good luck thatday or night. In Western history, black cats have been looked upon as a symbol of evil omens, asthe familiars of witches. The black cat means bad luck and even death, especially if one crosses paths with aperson. The gambling world is afraid of black cats: it is believed that if, while traveling to a casino, a black catcrosses a gamblers road or path, that person should not go to the casino; most players believe that black catsbring bad luck. The black cat in folklore has been able to change into human shape to act as a spy or courier forwitches or demons. The black cat was viewed as part demon and part sorcery. However, the supernatural powersascribed to black cats were sometimes viewed positively, e.g. sailors considering a ships cat would want a blackone because it would bring good luck. Sometimes fishermens wives would keep black cats at home, in the hopethey would be able to protect their husbands at sea. The view of black cats as favorable creatures is attributed tothe Egyptian goddess Bast (or Bastet), the cat goddess. Egyptian households believed they could gain favour fromBastet by hosting black cats. The 18th-century pirates believed a black cat would bring different kinds of luck. If ablack cat walked towards someone, that person would have bad luck. If a black cat walked away from someonethen that person would have good luck. If a black cat walked onto a ship and then walked off it, the ship wasdoomed to sink on its next trip.

The thresholdThe husband should carry his wife over the threshold of their home. Still, never talk or give objects to someoneover the threshold.

The ladderIt is believed that walking under a ladder is a sign of bad luck. It was believed to be an insult to God since a ladderleaning agains a wall formed a triangle which symbolised the Holy Trinity.

The Evil EyeTo ward off the Evil Eye several things can be done: an eye is painted into the middle of a blue charm; this charmis then worn as a necklace or as a bracelet. Blue beads can also be worn instead of the eye charm in the form of anecklace or bracelet. Both the colour blue and the painted eye are used to ward off the evil of the eye.Unfortunately blue-eyed people are thought to be exceptional givers of it, so beware of compliments from them.

GarlicWhen someone complemented you on how nice you looked, you might have had a painful headacheimmediately after. Happenings such as this are attributed to the Evil Eye. A clove of garlic has the ability to wardof the evil eye. Many people keep the clove of garlic in their clothes or in their pockets.

SaltA European superstition holds spilling salt to be an evil omen. Judas Iscariot spilled the salt at the Last Supper. Saltwas also a valuable commodity in ancient times, a symbol of trust and friendship. A German proverb said,whoever spills salt arouses enmity. Salt is also a religious symbol of sanctity and protection, used to make holywater in the Roman Catholic Church rite. The remedy is throwing or tossing a pinch of salt over our left shoulderto repel evil or a demon. The belief in the ill luck coming from salt spilt on the table goes back to ancient Rome. Inthe Greek folklore, salt is used to chase out an unwanted human guest by sprinkling salt behind them. It is alsocustomary to sprinkle salt in a new home before you occupy it, driving evil out and away from your family.

RainbowIf a rainbow appears on your wedding day, you will have a successful and happy marriage. The proverb also saysthat there is a pot of gold at the end of every rainbow. A double rainbow is considered double luck.

DaisiesPulling the daisy petals and repeatedly saying He loves me, he loves me not until the last petal has been pulledout result in finding a Yes or No answer to the girls question, Does he love me?. Similarly, by picking a bunchof daisies with her eyes shut, a girl will find out how many years she has until marriage. English milkmaids placeddaisy roots under their pillows to help them dream of love. If daisies were dreamt of in the spring, the person wassupposed to have months of good luck. Dreams of daisies in the fall, however, would bring months of bad luck.

Great Britain Mistletoe in the house protects it from thunder and lightning. It also cures diseases, as an antidote to poison,

bringing good luck and fertility. A girl standing under a mistletoe cannot refuse to be kissed by anyone whoclaims the privilege.

In ancient Britain, women carried acorns in their pockets to stay looking young. The oak tree was believed toprovide longevity and, accordingly, to ward off illness.

Each falling leaf caught in autumn symbolises one lucky month in the year to come. In mediaeval England, expectant mothers made a Groaning Cheese a large wheel of cheese that matured

for nine months as the baby grew. When birth time came, the cheese was shared out amongst the family.When nothing but the outer rind was left, the baby was passed through the wheel of cheese on Christeningday to be blesses with a long and prosperous life.

The 19th-century English men avoided salads if they wanted to start a family. It was suggested that sincelettuce was a sterile plant, it would also make men sterile.

In Great Britain, black cats are seen as lucky and are often given in token form to brides. The Scottish believethat a strange black cats arrival to the home signifies prosperity. In Celtic mythology, a fairy known as the CatSth takes the form of a black cat.

In England, meeting a spotted or black and white dog on the way to a business appointment is a lucky sign. Old, new, borrowed and blue is a popular wedding tradition from the Victorian era, and it refers to giving the

bride the four gifts. Something old symbolises eternity, something new symbolises hope and the future, theborrowed thing symbolises happiness, while the latter should be blue to bring purity, love and devotion. Also,if a bride throws her bouquet and a single woman catches it, the latter will be the next one to get married.

On the first day of the month, it is lucky to say white rabbits, white rabbits, white rabbits before saying yourfirst word of the day.

Cutting your hair when the moon is waxing brings good luck. After eating a boiled egg, push the spoon through the bottom of the empty shell to let the devil out. If you drop a table knife, expect a male visitor; if you drop a fork, expect a female visitor. In some parts of the UK, meeting two or three ravens together is considered really bad. It is unlucky to see

bats flying and hear their cries. In the Middle Ages, witches were associated with bats. If a sparrow enters yourhouse, it means the death of a person in the house. Killing a sparrow is bad luck, they were supposed to carrythe souls of the dead. It is unlucky to see one magpie, lucky to see two etc. An owls cry indicates a nearingdeath or ill-luck. A cricket in the house brings good luck. If you hear a woodpecker, rain is about to follow.

Peacock feathers in the house bring bad luck since the feathers have an eye shape, i.e. a bad persons eye.

DDaayyss ooff tthhee wweeeekkMMoonnddaayyss cchhiilldd iiss ffaaiirr ooff ffaaccee..TTuueessddaayyss cchhiilldd iiss ffuullll ooff ggrraaccee..WWeeddnneessddaayyss cchhiilldd iiss ffuullll ooff lloovvee..TThhuurrssddaayyss cchhiilldd hhaass ffaarr ttoo ggoo..FFrriiddaayyss cchhiilldd wwoorrkkss hhaarrdd ffoorr aa lliivviinngg..SSaattuurrddaayyss cchhiilldd iiss lloovviinngg aanndd ggiivviinngg..SSuunnddaayyss cchhiilldd iiss ggoooodd aanndd ffrriieennddllyy..

Ireland In old Ireland, it was believed that if you left an empty rocking chair rocking, evil spirits would enter your

home and could even cause a death in the family. Never give a present of gloves without including a little money! Avoid complimenting a baby on its good looks just in case it might be kidnapped by the fairies! The hand of the dead is believed to cure all diseases. The hand of the seventh son can be a cure for rabies. The ebb tide is thought to carry away ones fever. People who wash their faces with May morning dew will be beautiful and healthy throughout the year. May is not a good month to start a marriage. It is not a good sign if a magpie comes to ones door since it is considered the sign of death. Never kill a robin redbreast since you will also kill your luck for the rest of your life. It is not good to give a lock of hair to your loved one. You will always win at cards if you have a crooked pin in your coat.Russia Mothers typically do not show their baby to anyone except the father, the midwife and other close relatives

for forty days after the baby is born. After someone has left the house on a long journey, their room and/or their things should not be cleaned up

until they have arrived, or at least a day has passed if they are guests in a house. On examination day, it is bad luck to make your bed, wear anything new, or cut your fingernails. Birthday parties should be celebrated on or after ones birthday, not before. When ones birthday falls during

the week, its best to celebrate the following weekend. Never give someone gifts before their birthday! Many Russians consider giving sharp objects, like knives or scissors, as gifts, to be taboo. You can avoid this

taboo taking symbolic little money, e.g. one Russian ruble, in exchange as if it is a trade, not a gift. Things bought for a newborn baby (clothes, toys, furniture) should only be purchased after the baby is born.

This is usually done in a big hurry. Before one takes an exam, someone else would say, ! which roughly translates to neither

fur, nor feather! which means good luck. To this, the one taking the exam would reply, ! whichmeans, Go to the Devil! or To the Devil! which is a way of securing good luck.

There is a belief that unmarried people should avoid sitting at the corner of the table. They will find difficultiesfinding their life partner and will not get married.

It is considered bad luck when a cat, especially a black one, crosses in front of you while youre walking. Somepeople will avoid them by chasing out or outrun the cat. If the cat already crosses you, then you have tobreak the spell by spitting three times over your left shoulder to avoid the bad luck.

Sick animals were driven through fires or over the places where the fires burned the next morning to curethem.

JANUARY : Marry when the year is new, hell be loving, kind and true.FEBRUARY : When February birds do mate, you wed nor dread your fate.MARCH : If you wed when March winds blow, joy and sorrow both youll know.APRIL : Marry in April if you can, joy for maiden and for man.MAY : Marry in the month of May, youll surely rue the day.JUNE : Marry when June roses grow, over land and sea youll go.JULY : Those who in July do wed must labour for their daily bread.AUGUST : Whoever wed in August be, many a change is sure to see.SEPTEMBER : Marry in Septembers shrine, your living will be rich and fine.OCTOBER : If in October you do marry, love will come but riches tarry.NOVEMBER : If you wed in bleak November, only joys will come, remember.DECEMBER : When December snows fall fast, marry and true love will last.

When giving an animal as a gift (cat, dog, bird), the receiver should give the giver a symbolic sum of money. If a person is eating and looks in the mirror at the same time, they are eating their luck. Before travelling a person should sit on their luggage. If you buy flowers to thank a host in Russia, think twice about the colour and number lest you offend. Yellow

represents infidelity, while Russians give an even dozen common in the U.S. only to the dead. Bird droppings are considered a sign of wealth. If a bird pokakala on you, your car, or on any of your stuff, its

a good sign for money. The more birds did it for you, the richer youll be. So, the next time you are onnakakat bird, just consider it a great luck!

Ukraine Before travelling, a person should take a moment before they leave the house and stand by their luggage. Its bad luck to shake hands over the doorway.Germany It is bad luck for German sailors if someone lights his cigarette with a candle. In olden days, during bad

weather or when they were not at sea, German sailors would make matches and sell them in the local bars toearn a living. If the locals lit their cigarette with a candle, the sailor could make their living by selling matches.

One superstition held in Germany that, if someone has difficulty dying, one may ease the process by lifting upthree tiles on the roof.

In Germany, some believe that black cats crossing a persons path from right to left is a bad omen. But fromleft to right, the cat is granting favorable times.

France The French believe that handling a loaf of bread upside-down or placing it upside-down on the table brings

hunger and bad luck to both the giver and the recipient. A wedding on a wet day will be a successful match.Italy One should not walk over a child lying on the ground. It is believed that it will bring the child bad luck.

Walking over someone who is lying on the floor is like someone walking over their grave. In Italy, number 17 is considered unlucky. When 17 is viewed as the Roman numeral, XVII, an anagram or

letters rearrangement of that spells out VIXI, which in Latin means I have lived which describes, My life isover, or Im dead.

A hat on the bed indicates that death is near since a priest would often place his hat on the bed when readingsomeones last rights.

A loaf of bread should never be turned upside down after the first slice has been cut off since the householdwill experience terrible bad luck.

Spain Italy, Spain and even Russia celebrate everlasting love with padlocks of love, fixed to bridges and, recently,

to decorative trees. On New Years Eve, instead of kissing, the superstitious eat 12 grapes at midnight for 12 months of good luck.

Spaniards making wishes while popping grapes into their mouths strikes us outsiders as odd, locals dont thinktwice.

Putting a jumper inside out brings bad luck.

Sweden It is bad luck to place your keys on the table. In olden days, prostitutes would leave their room keys on the

bar. Teens skip around to avoid certain manhole