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Roadmap for Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Sanjay SethEnergy Economist
Bureau of Energy Efficiency
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Bureau of Energy EfficiencyGovernment of India
Indian Energy SectorIndian Energy Sector
T t l P i C i lTotal Primary Commercial Energy Demand (2003-04)Natural
Gas 8.87%
Hydro2.14%
Nuclear1.53%
Total Primary Commercial Energy Demand (2031-32)
Hydro2.12% Nuclear
5.93%Natural
Gas 11.94%
Coal 51.07%
Oil 36.39%
Coal
Oil 29.43%
50.58%
327 Mtoe 1858 Mtoe
Energy requirement to increase at a CAGR of 6.4% (2004-2032) and
coal to remain the mainstay
Page 2 of 31Source: Planning Commission, 2006
Electricity Scenario in IndiaElectricity Scenario in India
PublicRailway, 2% Agricultutre,
18%
Public Water Works & S
SECTOR‐WISE ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION IN INDIA (2007‐ 2008)
16141800
State‐wise Per Capita ElectricityConsumption During the Year 2007‐08
Domestic,Industry, 46%
Public Lighting, 1%
18% Sewage Pumping, 2%Miscellaneou
s, 2%
1486 1433
10201000
1200
1400
1600
y in kWh
Domestic, 21%
Commercial, 8%
623
439
188101200
400
600
800
Electricity
National Average (713)
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101
0
200
Source: Central Electricity Authority's 'Year End Review 2007‐08'
Electricity Growth in Commercial SectorElectricity Growth in Commercial Sector
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Overview of India’s Commercial Building Sector
Agricultural , 19%
Traction , 2%
Sector Wise Electricity Consumption
Industrial , 45%
19%,Others ,
4%
Residential , 22%
Commercial , 8%
• The overall constructed area to increment by about 5 times from 21 billion square feet (2005) to approximately 104 billion square feet by 2030 at a CAGR between 5% to 10% .
• Building energy consumption accounts for over 30 percent of electrical energy consumption in the country and is rising annually at 8 %
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country, and is rising annually at 8 % .
• Lack of energy conscious designs lead to rampant inefficiencies in commercial buildings . Energy Audits show energy saving potential of up to 30-50% .Energy performance index (EPI) 200 to 300 kWh/sq m/year .
Growth in the Indian Building Sector g
Commercial Buildings Floor Area - Growth Forecast Currently, ~ 659 million m2 (USAID ECO-III Internal Estimate Using MOSPI,
CEA and Benchmarked Energy Use data) In 2030,~ 1,900 million m2 (estimated)*
66% building stock is yet to be constructed
659 million
Current34% 1,900
m2 Yet to be Built66%
million m2
Year: 2010
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* Assuming 5-6% Annual Growth Year :2030
Growth Profile of Indian Commercial SectorSector
Demand for OFFICE SPACE in India is driven by the increasing share ofthe services sector in the Indian economy Office space supply shifting from Central Business Districts to
secondary centers (office and IT parks) Modern office buildings in newly developed areas enable the higher
quality standards that are essential for IT services All India office market
• 70% by IT Services companies (more than 7000 No.) in India• 15% by financial service providers & pharmaceutical sector• 15% by other sectorsy• Office stock must increase nearly 20 million sf/year in New
Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore to keep pace with growing demand• Conservative estimate (for India): Approx. 55 million sf/year
SHOPPING CENTRES/MALLS
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/ By the end of 2008, space of 79 million sf in 257 centers are
estimated in 15 largest cities of India
Energy Efficiency Potential and Outcome
Energy Conservation potential 20000MW
Energy Efficiency Potential and Outcome
Energy Conservation potential assessed as at present (IEP) (15% by DSM and 25% overall)
-
20000MW
Verified Energy Savings :
During X Plan period
During 2007-08, 2008-09 & 2009-10
- 877 * MW
4500 MWDuring 2007 08, 2008 09 & 2009 10 4500 MW
-Target for XI Plan period (5% reduction of energy
- 10000 MW( gyconsumption)
* Only as indicated by participating units in the National Energy Conservation awardscheme, for the previous five years.
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Electrical Energy Consumption and Conservation PotentialConservation Potential
S. No.
Sector Consumption (KWh)
Saving Potential (KWh)
% Savings
1. Agriculture Pumping 92.33 27.79 30.09
2. Commercial Buildings/ Establishments with connected load > 500 KW
9.92 1.98 19.95
3. Municipalities 12.45 2.88 23.13
4. Domestic 120.92 24.16 19.98
5. Industry (Including SMEs) 265.38 18.57 6.99
Total 501.00 75.36 15.04
C ommerc ia l
Domestic120.92
Munic ipa litie s12.45
C ommerc ia l Building s > 500 KW
9.92
Ag riculture Pumping92.33
C ommerc ia l Building s > 500 KW
1.98Ag riculture P umping
27.79
Industry (Inc luding
Industry (Inc luding S MEs)18.57
Domestic24.16
Munic ipa lities2.88
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S MEs)265.38
Source: BEE/ NPC Study 2009
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Typical Building Energy UseTypical Building Energy Use
• Lighting and Air Conditioning account for over 80% of energy end use in a typical commercial building in India while in residential building fan and lighting load are predominant .
• Most of the existing lighting and air conditioning systems are not very efficient, leaving a wide scope for improvement in energy performance .
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gy
• Overall the energy savings estimates for the commercial and residential buildings vary between 30-70%.
• Challenge before India is to plan and implement energy efficiency measures during the early stages of growth in the building sector .
Ene g Conse ation B ilding CodeEnergy Conservation Building Code
ECBC covering the following components prepared: Building Envelope (Walls, Roofs, Windows) Building Envelope (Walls, Roofs, Windows) Lighting (Indoor and Outdoor) Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) System Solar Hot Water Heating Solar Hot Water Heating Electrical Systems
ECBC finalized after extensive consultation Voluntary introduction of ECBC in May 2007; mandatory
after capacity building and implementation experience Impact of ECBC - Reduced Energy Use for buildings
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National Benchmark ~ 180 kWh/m2/year ECBC Compliant building ~ 110 kWh/m2/year
Energy Efficiency in Existing Buildings/ facilities
There is vast scope for energy efficiency improvement inbuildings/ existing facilities.
Energy Audit Studies have revealed a savings potential tothe extent of 40% in end use such as lighting, cooling,
til ti f i ti tventilation, refrigeration etc. Audits identify the Energy baselines in existing facilities
along with Energy Efficiency Measures.
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Energy Efficiency Improvements atRashtrapathi Bhawan
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EEMs at Rashtrapati BhawanEEMs at Rashtrapati Bhawan
Energy Saving Measure
Electricity savings (kWh/ year)
Savings in lakh Rupees per year
Air conditioning 5,54,266 35.3Lighting 3,25,028 20.7Pumping 54,140 3.45
Total 9,33,434 59.45
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STAR RATING FOR BUILDINGSSTAR RATING FOR BUILDINGS
Large potential for energy savings both in government andcommercial office buildings.
The regulation, promotion and facilitation of energyefficiency in commercial buildings is one of the key thrustareas of BEE.
Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC)
• specifies standards for new, large, energy -efficientcommercial buildings.
Energy Service Companies (ESCOs)
d th ffi i f i ti t
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• upgrade the energy efficiency of existing governmentbuildings through retrofitting on performance contractingmode.
SCHEME FOR RATING OF BUILDINGS
A National Commercial Building Energy Benchmarking Initiative wasstarted with a goal to establish a framework to standardize energy data
ll ti b li tti f t i l i l b ildicollection, baseline setting for typical commercial buildings, energyperformance target setting and monitoring.
This information would help the users and other stakeholders includingbuilders, architects and code enforcing agencies to evaluate building’s, g g genergy efficiency and track improvements compared to other buildings.
The Star Rating Program for buildings is based on actual performanceof the building in terms of specific energy usage (kWh/sq m/year).
This programme would rate buildings on a 1-5 Star scale with 5 Starlabeled buildings being the most efficient.
Five categories of buildings - office buildings, hotels, hospitals, retailmalls and IT Parks in five climate zones in the country have been
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malls, and IT Parks in five climate zones in the country have beenidentified.
Data collection – INDIA
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BANDWIDTHS- LESS THAN 50% AIR CONDITIONINGCONDITIONING
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star LabelCompositeEPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label
80-70 1 Star70-60 2 Star60-50 3 Star50-40 4 Star
Below 40 5 Star
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label85-75 1 Star
Warm and Humid
85 75 1 Star75-65 2 Star65-55 3 Star55-45 4 Star
Below 45 5 Star
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label75-65 1 Star65-55 2 Star
Hot and Dry
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55-45 3 Star45-35 4 Star
Below 35 5 Star
BANDWIDTHS- MORE THAN 50% AIR CONDITIONINGCONDITIONING
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star LabelCompositeEPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label
190-165 1 Star165-140 2 Star140-115 3 Star115-90 4 Star
Below 90 5 Star
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label200-175 1 Star
Warm and Humid
00 5 Sta175-150 2 Star150-125 3 Star125-100 4 Star
Below 100 5 Star
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label180-155 1 Star155-130 2 Star
Hot and Dry
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155 130 2 Star130-105 3 Star105-80 4 Star
Below 80 5 Star
Bandwidths for the BPOsBandwidths for the BPOs
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Mall – Data collection
Identified the cities in different zones for representative sample
Collected the Data of some of the leading shopping malls in those cities DLF Mall Shoppers Stop Future Group – Big Bazar MGF Mall MGF Mall Pacific Mall
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Data collection – Distribution by citiescities
Composite Delhi NCR Jaipur
Warm & Humid Mumbai Punep
Chandigarh Hyderabad Nagpur
Pune Nashik Kolkata Chennai
New Delhi Hot & Dry
Ahmedabad B d
Chennai Coimbatore
Temperate Bangalore
Baroda Udaipur Surat Anand
Bangalore Mysore
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Anand Barauch Aurangabad
Shopping Mall - Distribution by Climatic ZonesClimatic Zones
Hot & Dry ‐ 24Temperate ‐26
Warm & Humid ‐25Composite ‐26
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BANDWIDTHS – SHOPPING MALLS
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label
Composite
( / q /y )350-300 1 Star300-250 2 Star250-200 3 Star200-150 4 Star
B l 150 5 StBelow 150 5 Star
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label
Warm and Humid
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label450-400 1 Star400-350 2 Star350-300 3 Star300-250 4 Star
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Below 250 5 Star
BANDWIDTHS – SHOPPING MALLS
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label
Hot and Dry
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label300-250 1 Star250-200 2 Star250-150 3 Star150-100 4 Star
Below 100 5 Star
EPI(Kwh/sqm/year) Star Label
Temperate
275-250 1 Star250-255 2 Star225-200 3 Star200-175 4 Star
Below 175 5 Star
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Below 175 5 Star
LabelLabel
STAR RATING FORBUILDINGS
Energy Performance Index:kWh/ sq m/ year
Category of Building :Type :Climatic Zone :Connected Load :Build up Area :
Name of the Building :
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p
www.bee-india.nic.in
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