RULES AND REGULATIONS

WINGS FLYING SCHOOLRULES AND REGULATIONSName: _________________________ Pers ID: 1. CASR 61

LICENSING OF FOREIGN PILOT AND FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR (FI) OUTSIDE REP. OF INDONESIA A non-Indonesian citizen shall be issued license under this part only when Director General finds that pilot license is needed for operating Indonesian registered aircraft or FI license needed for training Indonesians citizens.

REQUIREMENTS FOR LICENSES, RATINGS AND AUTHORIZATIONS (a) No person may act as PIC or as required pilot flight crewmember of Indonesian registered civil aircraft unless he has pilot license issued under this part. However, he may use pilot license issued by foreign country the aircraft is operated within.

(b) No person may, within Republic of Indonesia, act as PIC or as required pilot flight crewmember of foreign registered civil aircraft unless he has pilot license issued under this part or pilot license issued or validated by foreign country the aircraft is registered.

(c) No person may act as PIC or as required pilot flight crewmember under pilot license issued under this part except he has appropriate medical certificate issued under part 67 (if his pilot license is foreign, he may use foreign medical certificate).

(d) No person, other than holder of FI License, may: (1) Give flight instruction for solo flight, solo cross country, or FI Licensing or rating.(2) Endorse pilot logbook. (3) Endorse student pilot license/logbook for solo operating privileges.

(e) No person may act as PIC or a co-pilot of a civil aircraft under IFR, or in weather less than minimums for VFR, unless: (1) For airplane, he holds instrument rating or ATPL with airplane rating.(2) For helicopter, he holds helicopter instrument rating or ATPL with helicopter category and helicopter class rating.

(f) Upon request of Director General or his authorized representative, each person who holds licenses or certificate shall present it for inspection.

LICENSES AND RATINGS ISSUED Two types of licenses are issued: Pilot License 1. Student Pilot 4. Commercial Pilot2. Sport Pilot 5. Airline Transport Pilot 3. Private Pilot Flight Instructor License

There are six aircraft ratings: Aircraft Category Rating 1. Aeroplane 3. Glider 2. Rotorcraft 4. Lighter-than-air Aeroplane Class Rating 1. Single Engine Land 3. Single Engine Sea 2. Multiengine Land 4. Multiengine Sea Rotorcraft Class Rating 1. Helicopter 2. Gyroplane Lighter-than-air Class Rating 1. Airship 2. Free balloon Aircraft Type Rating 1. Large aircraft 3. Helicopters requiring ATPL 2. Small turbojet aircraft 4. Other aircraft specified by Director General Instrument Rating 1. Instrument Aeroplanes 2. Instrument Helicopter

TEMPORARY LICENSE A temporary pilot or FI license, or rating, effective for 30 days, may be issued when applicant pending review of his qualification and issuance of permanent license or rating issued by Director General. DURATION OF PILOT AND FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR LICENSES Any pilot license (other than SPL) has no expiration date. Expirable pilot license holder with may not use the license after it expires. Student Pilot License (SPL) expires at the end of the 24th calendar month after the month in which the license is issued. FI license is effective only when holder has current pilot license and medical certificate. It expires at the end of the 24th calendar month after the month in which the license is issued. A pilot or FI license isnt effective after surrender, suspension or revocation. Upon Director Generals request, any license suspended or revoked shall be returned to the Director General.

DURATION OF MEDICAL CERTIFICATES First-class medical certificate expires at the end of the last day of: For ATPL/CPL: 6th calendar month after exam date on certificate For PPL/Sport/SPL: 12th calendar month after exam date on certificate Second-class medical certificate expires at the end of the last day of: For PPL/Sport/SPL: 12th calendar month after exam date on certificate

REPLACEMENT OF LOST OR DESTROYED LICENSE Make application for replacement to DGAC with the following requirements: 1. Name of person the license was issued, permanent mailing address, date and place of birth of holder, and any other information of license. 2. Accompanied by check giro or post wesel for replacement cost to DGAC. 3. Police report from local police office. Make an application for replacement of medical certificate to DGAC, Aviation Medical Center, accompanied by check giro or post wesel for cost. A fax may be received and can be carried as temporary license for 60 days.

CHANGE OF NAME Documents required: 1. Current pilot license 2. Copy of marriage license, court order, or any other documents verifying it 3. Check giro or post wesel for cost of replacement.

TESTS WRITTEN TESTS PREREQUISITES (WHAT YOU NEED) Show he has satisfactorily completed ground instruction for license sought Present personal identification Birth certificate for proof of age requirement

CHEATING AND UNAUTHORIZED CONDUCT You should not: Copy or remove written test - Take test for another person Give or receive to another, part of test - Use any aid during the test Give or receive help to another test taker - Assist in above acts

If hes found guilty by Director General, the applicant is not eligible for pilot or instructor license and cannot take the test for 1 year after date of the act.

FLIGHT TEST PREREQUISITES (WHAT YOU NEED) Pass written test since beginning of 24th calendar month before he take test Have applicable instruction and aeronautical experience Hold current appropriate medical certificate Meets the age requirement Written statement from licensed instructor that applicant has been given flight instruction for flight test within past 60 days.

PILOT LOGBOOKS The following information must be logged: General 1. Date 3. Point of departure and arrival 2. Total time of flight 4. Type and identification of aircraft

Type of training 1. Pilot in Command 4. Instrument flight instruction 2. Second in Command 5. Pilot ground training 3. Flight instruction 6. Other pilot time Flight conditions 1. Day or night 3. Simulated instrument conditions2. Actual instrument

LOGGING OF FLIGHT TIME Pilot in Command For PPL and CPL: Flight time is when he (i) is the sole manipulator of aircraft controls, (ii) sole occupant or (iii) is the PIC of aircraft requiring more than one pilot. For ATPL: All flight time when he is PIC and flight instructor For instructors: All flight time during flight instruction

Second in command Flight times when hes second in command in aircraft of more than one pilot.

Instrument flight time Flight times when he operates aircraft solely by reference to instruments under actual or simulated instrument conditions.

RECENT FLIGHT EXPERIENCE FOR PILOR IN COMMAND General To fly as PIC, he has to make 3 takeoffs and 3 landings within the preceding 90 days as sole manipulator if aircraft of same type.

Night flying To fly at night as PIC, within preceding 90 days he has to make 3 takeoffs and 3 landings carrying passengers in the period one hour after sunset to one hour before sunrise.

2. CASR 91 RESPONSIBILITY AND AUTHORITY OF PIC [91.3] Responsible for and has final authority on operation of an aircraft PIC may deviate any rule under part 91 in an in-flight emergency Each PIC shall send written report when deviate from the rule upon request of the Director General.

CIVIL AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS [91.7]No person may operate civil aircraft unless its airworthy. PIC is responsible to determine aircraft is in condition for safe flight.

PROHIBITION AGAINST INTERFERENCE WITH CREWMEMBER [91.11]No one may assault, threaten, intimidate, or interfere with crewmember in the performance of the crews duties aboard the aircraft.

CARELESS OR RECKLESS OPERATION [91.13]No person shall operate an aircraft for air navigations or operations on any part of the airport in reckless manner to endanger persons life or property

DROPPING OBJECTS [91.15]No person shall create hazards to persons/property on surface by dropping object from aircraft in flight except there is insurance to avoid injury or damage to persons or property.

ALCOHOLS OR DRUGS [91.17](a) No person may act as crewmember of a civil aircraft: Within 8 hours after consuming alcohol While intoxicated While using drug that affects persons faculties contrary to safety While having 0.04% by weight or more alcohol in blood

(b) Except in emergency, no pilot may allow a person intoxicated or who demonstrates by physical indications that the individual is on drugs to be carried on aircraft.

PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES [91.21]No person may operate any portable electronic devices on: 1: Aircraft operated by holder of Air Carrier Operator Certificate or Commercial Operator Certificate, or 2: Any aircraft operated under IFR

Except for: 1. Portable voice recorders 4. Electric shavers 2. Hearing aids 5. Any other devices considered will 3. Heart pacemakers not cause interference

DOCUMENTS TO BE CARRIED [91.25]Original documents or verified true copies of the following must be carried: 1. Certificate of Registration 5. Aircraft Radio Permit 2. Certificate of Airworthiness 6. Third Party Liability Insurance 3. Noise Certificate Certificate 4. Operation Specification 7. Journey Logbook

Also valid crew license with appropriate ratings should be carried by crew.

B FLIGHT RULES FLIGHT CREW AT STATIONS [91.105] During takeoff, enroute, and landing each required crewmember shall (i) Be at station unless absence is needed to perform duties for aircraft operation, or due to physiological needs. (ii) Keep safety belt fastened while at station.

During takeoff and landing, each required crewmember shall keep shoulder harness fastened while at station, except if: (i) The seat is not equipped with shoulder harness. (ii) The crew would be unable to perform duty with shoulder harness.

OPERATION NEAR OTHER AIRCRAFT [91.111] No person may operate an aircraft: So close to another that creates collision hazard. In formation flight, except by arrangement with PIC of each aircraft. In formation flight while carrying passengers.

RIGHT OF WAY: AIRBORNE OPERATIONS [91.113]When weather permits (clear), vigilance shall be maintained by each flight crew on aircraft to see and avoid other aircraft. If the rule in this section gives other aircraft right of way, you should not pass over, under or ahead If there is: Distress aircraft: Distress aircraft has right of way over all other air traffic.

Converging risk: If same aircraft category, aircraft to the others right has right of way. However, towing/refueling aircraft has right of way over all other engine driven aircraft.

Converging risk: If different aircraft category: 1. Balloon has right of way over any aircraft category 2. Glider has right of way over airship/airplane/rotorcraft 3. Airship has right of way over airplane/rotorcraft However, towing/refueling aircraft has right of way over all other engine driven aircraft. Coming head-on: Each aircraft alters course to the right to clear traffic.

Overtake: Each aircraft being overtaken has right of way. Pilot overtaking shall alter course to right.

Landing: Aircraft on final approach/when landing have right of way over aircraft in flight or on ground. However they shouldnt take advantage to force aircraft just landed off runway surface.

Landing: When 2 or more aircraft approach an airport for landing, aircraft at lower altitude has right of way. However they shouldnt take advantage overtake another aircraft on final approach to land.

RIGHT OF WAY: WATER OPERATIONS [91.115]Each flight crew on aircraft on water shall keep clear all vessels and avoid impeding their navigation. If there is: Crossing: If aircrafts, or an aircraft and a vessel, on crossing course, aircraft/vessel to the others right has right of way. Coming head-on: If aircrafts, or an aircraft and vessel, approach head-on, each shall alter course to right. Overtaking: Aircraft/vessel being overtaken has right of way. Overtaking traffic shall alter course to keep clear.

AIRSPEED [91.117] Below 10,000 feet MSL, unless authorized by ATC in Class A/B airspace, IAS must be below 250 knots. At or below 2,500 feet AGL within 4nm of airport of Class C/D airspace, unless authorized by ATC, IAS must be below 200 knots. At airspace underlying Class B area designated for airport or VFR corridor through Class B airspace, IAS must be below 200 knots. If aircraft minimum safe airspeed > maximum speed prescribed, aircraft may be operated at that minimum speed.

MINIMUM SAFE ALTITUDE (MSA) [91.119]Except for takeoff or landing, the MSA:POSITIONMINIMUM ALTITUDEHORIZONTAL SPACING

Over congested area1000 ft above highest obstacle600 m radius from aircraft

Other than congested area500 ft above highest obstacle200 m away from person/structures

ALTIMETER SETTING [91.121]POSITIONALTITUDEALTIMETER SETTING

Within 135oE to east of Indonesia FIR

Below 18000ft MSLCurrent altimeter setting of station along route within 100nm of aircraft

At/Above 18000ft MSL29.92 in Hg or 1013.2 mb

Within 135oE to west of Indonesia FIR

Below 18000ft MSLCurrent altimeter setting of station along route within 100nm of aircraft

At/Above 18000ft MSL29.92 in Hg or 1013.2 mb

COMPLIANCE WITH/FOLLOWING ATC CLEARANCE AND INSTRUCTIONS [91.123]IFWHAT YOU SHOULD DO

ATC Clearance has been obtainedDo not deviate from clearance except ATC gives amended clearance.

Position is in Class ADo not cancel IFR

In emergencyPilot may deviate (disregard) from ATC clearance and notify ATC of the deviation ASAP.If ATC requests a report of deviation, submit it within 48 hours.

Instruction is issued for another airplaneDo not use that clearance; only use the clearances given for you.

ATC GUN LIGHT SIGNAL [91.125]ColorMeaning for

Aircraft on groundAircraft in flight

Steady greenCleared for takeoffCleared to land

Flashing greenClear to taxiReturn for landing (to be followed by steady green)

Steady redStopGive way to another aircraft and continue circling

Flashing redClear runway in useAirport unsafe do not land

Flashing whiteReturn to starting point (e.g. parking stand)Land at this airport, proceed to apron

AIRSPACE OPERATIONS 1. Class G [91.126]TURNINGS If you want to land at airport without control power, only make left turns unless airport display signals to turn right. FLAP SETTING PIC of civil turbojet aircraft must use minimum certified landing flap according to Airplane Flight Manual for landing, except other setting is needed for safe operation of aircraft. RADIO COMMUNICATIONS In aerodrome with operational control tower, two-way radio communication must be established ASAP and maintained before maneuvering to, from, through or on an airport. COMMUNICATION FAILURE In aerodrome with operational control tower, if radio fails, operate aircraft and land by maintaining visual contact with tower and obtaining landing clearance.

2. Class E [91.127]DEPARTURE Each aircraft comply any special departure traffic pattern of airport. RADIO COMMUNICATIONS In aerodrome with operational control tower, two-way radio communication must be established ASAP and maintained before maneuvering to, from, through or on an airport. COMMUNICATION FAILURE In aerodrome with operational control tower, if radio fails, operate aircraft and land by maintaining visual contact with tower and obtaining landing clearance.

3. Class D [91.129]DEFINITION OF PRIMARY AND SATELLITE AIRPORT Primary airport is airport where Class D area is designated. Satellite airport is any other airport within the Class D airspace. DEVIATION Aircraft may deviate from any provision under ATC authorization.

RADIO COMMUNICATIONS Aircraft on arrival or in through flight, pilot must establish and maintain two-way radio communication with ATC of that airspace before entering and while within that airspace. Aircraft departing from primary airport, pilot must establish and maintain two-way radio communication with ATC within airspace. Aircraft departing from satellite airport, pilots establish and maintain two-way radio communication with ATC of Class D airspace ASAP. COMMUNICATION FAILURE If VFR flight encounters comm. failure, PIC may operate aircraft and land if (i) weather at/above VFR minimums, (ii) maintain visual contact with tower and (iii) landing clearace is received. MINIMUM ALTITUDE Large/turbine-powered airplane enter traffic pattern at, and maintain at, 1500 feet above airport elevation until descent is required. If ILS approach is made, maintain altitude above glideslope between outer and middle marker. If airplane approach with Visual Approach Slope Indicator (VASI), maintain altitude above glideslope until lower altitude is necessary. APPROACH In airplane, each pilot must circle airport to the left. DEPARTURE Each pilot complies with SID of that airport. Pilot of turbine-powered/large airplane climb to 1500 feet AGL ASAP. TAKEOFF, TAXI, LANDING CLEARANCE You must obtain ATC clearance to takeoff, land or taxi. Taxi to assigned takeoff runway is NOT a clearance to cross takeoff runway or taxi on that runway, but is a clearance to cross other runways intersecting taxi route to that runway. Taxi to __ other than other assigned takeoff runway is clearance to cross runways intersecting taxi route to that point.

4. Class C [91.130]DEFINITION OF PRIMARY AND SATELLITE AIRPORT Primary airport is airport where Class C area is designated. Satellite airport is any other airport within the Class C airspace.TRAFFIC PATTERN You CANNOT take off and land at satellite airport within Class C except according to arrival and departure patterns.RADIO COMMUNICATIONS Aircraft on arrival or in through flight, pilot must establish and maintain two-way radio communication with ATC of that airspace before entering and while within that airspace. Aircraft departing from primary/satellite airport, pilot must establish and maintain two-way communication with ATC in Class C. Aircraft departing from satellite airport, pilots establish and maintain two-way radio communication with ATC of Class C airspace ASAP.EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED (NEEDED) Aircraft has to have transponder with Mode C capability that reports pressure altitude information in 100-foot increments (intervals).DEVIATION- Aircraft may deviate from any provision under ATC authorization.5. Class B [91.131] In Class B, a person must comply with class D rules, plus:1. He receives ATC clearance from ATC having responsibility of that area before operating an aircraft there.2. Operator of large turbine engine-powered airplane to or from primary airport of Class B must fly at/above floors of Class B area within lateral limits of that area.3. Pilot training operations must comply with given ATC procedures.PILOT REQUIREMENTS If a person wants to fly in Class B, he has to hold at least PPL. If hes a student pilot or recreational pilot looking for PPL, he has to have (i) received ground and flight instruction from authorized instructor for the Class B airspace; (ii) logbook has been endorsed within preceding 90 days for solo flight in Class B; and (iii) the logbook specifies the student pilot is competent for solo flight operations.

COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION REQUIREMENTSOPERATIONSINSTRUMENT REQUIREMENTS

IFR OperationsOperable VOR/TACAN receiver

All OperationsOperable radio for two-way communications with ATC for frequencies in the Class B area

TRANSPONDER REQUIREMENTS Aircraft has to have transponder with Mode C capability that reports pressure altitude information in 100-foot increments (intervals).

6. Class A [91.135]Operations in Class A MUST use INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES (IFR) CLEARANCE You can operate in Class A only when clearance is received from ATC

RADIO COMMUNICATIONS Aircraft in Class A, pilot must be equipped with radio capable for two-way communication with ATC while within that Class A airspace

TRANSPONDER REQUIREMENT Aircraft has to have transponder with Mode C capability that reports pressure altitude information in 100-foot increments (intervals).

ATC AUTHORIZATIONS Aircraft may deviate from any provision under ATC authorization.

JOURNEY LOGBOOK [91.145] The aircraft journey log shall contain the following: 1. Aircraft registration and nationality 5. Purpose of flight2. Date 6. Observations of flight 3. Crewmember names and duties 7. Signature of PIC 4. Departure and arrival points and times

VISUAL FLIGHT RULES (VFR) FUEL REQUIREMENTS FOR VFR FLIGHTS [91.151] Under day VFR, theres enough fuel to fly to first point of intended landing and to fly normal cruise speed after that for 30 minutes.

BASIC VFR WEATHER MINIMUMS [91.156] The flight visibility and distance from clouds must NOT be less than:AirspaceFlight VisibilityDistance from Clouds

Class AIFR ONLYIFR ONLY

Class BAbove 10000 feet: 8 kmBelow 10000 feet: 5 kmClear of clouds

Class CAbove 10000 feet: 8 kmBelow 10000 feet: 5 km1000 feet above1000 feet above1500 meters horizontal

Class DAbove 10000 feet: 8 kmBelow 10000 feet: 5 km1000 feet above1000 feet above1500 meters horizontal

Class EAbove 10000 feet: 8 kmBelow 10000 feet: 5 km

1000 feet above1000 feet above1500 meters horizontal

Class GAbove 10000 feet: 8 kmBelow 10000 feet: 5 kmHigher than 3000 feet AMSL: 5km or 1000 feet AGL in sight1000 feet above1000 feet above1500 meters horizontalClear of Clouds

SPECIAL VFR [91.157]Only be conducted with ATC clearance and clear of clouds. Takeoff and landing require 1 statute mile of ground visibility.

NIGHT VFR [91.152]Night VFR is prohibited unless authorized by the Director. INFORMATION REQUIRED 1. The aircraft identification number and, if necessary, its radio call sign.2. The type of the aircraft. 3. The full name and address of the pilot in command 4. The point and proposed time of departure. 5. The proposed route, cruising altitude and true airspeed at the altitude. 6. The first intended landing point and estimate time gone to the point. 7. The amount of fuel on board (in hours). 8. The number of persons in the aircraft 9. Any other information the PIC or ATC think necessary for ATC purposes.

CANCELLING VFR - If flight plan activated, PIC shall notify appropriate ATC facility to cancel it

VFR CRUISING ALTITUDE [91.159] BELOW 20000 FEET ABOVE FL 200

FL 200 IS NOT USABLEVFR FLIGHT SHOULD NOT BE AT OR ABOVE FL 290

INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES (IFR) FUEL REQUIREMENTS FOR IFR FLIGHTS [91.167] Under IFR, theres enough fuel to fly to first point of intended landing, then fly alternate airport, and fly cruise speed after that for 45 minutes. INFORMATION REQUIRED [91.169]1. The aircraft identification number and, if necessary, its radio call sign. 2. The type of the aircraft. 3. The full name and address of the pilot in command 4. The point and proposed time of departure. 5. The proposed route, cruising altitude and true airspeed at the altitude. 6. The first intended landing point and estimate time gone to the point. 7. The amount of fuel on board (in hours). 8. The number of persons in the aircraft. 9. Alternate airport

MINIMUM ALTITUDE [91.177] If over mountainous area, fly 2000 feet above highest obstacle within horizontal distance of 4 nautical miles from course to be flown. If any other case, fly 1000 feet above highest obstacle within horizontal distance of 4 nautical miles from course to be flown.

IFR CRUISING FLIGHT LEVEL [91.179] In controlled airspace, aircraft fly at altitude assigned to him by ATC. In uncontrolled airspace: TRACKREMARKS

000o 089o090o 179o180o 269o270o 359o

30005000700090001100013000150001700019000350055007500950011500135001550017500195004000600080001000012000140001600018000-4500650085001050012500145001650018500-IFR Cruise Altitudes

DO NOT USE FL 200

FOR FLIGHTS FROM FL 210 INCLUSIVE TO FL 290:

TRACKREMARKS

000o 179o180o 359o

FL 210FL 230FL 250FL 270FL 220FL 240FL 260FL 280Flight Level at 2000 feet intervals

ABOVE FL 290 INCLUSIVE WITHIN NON RVSM DESIGNATED ROUTE:

TRACKREMARKS

000o 179o180o 359o

FL 290FL 330FL 370FL 410FL 450FL 490 etc.FL 310FL 350FL 390FL 430FL 470FL 510 etc.Flight Level at 4000 feet intervals

ABOVE FL 290 UP TO FL 410 INCLUSIVE WITHIN RVSM DESIGNATED ROUTE:

TRACKREMARKS

000o 179o180o 359o

FL 290FL 310FL 330FL 350FL 370FL 390FL 410FL 300FL 320FL 340FL 360FL 380FL 400Flight level at 2000 ft intervals up to and include FL 410, at 4000 ft intervals above FL410

ALTERNATE AIRPORT [91.169] An alternate airport is not required if the at point of intended landing:(1) the airport is prescribed with an approved standard instrument approach procedure;(2) 1 hour before and 1 hour after the ETA, the weather reports/forecasts reveal the ceiling will be at least 2000 feet AGL, and visibility at least 3 statute miles.

If an alternate is required, the weather minimums of the airport at the ETA:(1) If instrument approach procedure has been prescribed by DGCA: For precision approach: 600 ft ceiling and 2 statute miles visibility For non-precision approach: 800 ft ceiling and 2 statute miles visibility(2) If no instrument approach has been prescribed, VFR minimums apply.

TAKEOFF AND LANDING [91.169]TAKEOFFThe weather minimums of a civil airport:(1) For aircraft with 2 engines or less, 1 statute mile visibility(2) For aircraft of more than 2 engines, statute mile visibility

If an RVR is prescribed for an airport with no RVR reporting capability, ground visibility may be used.

LANDINGDuring instrument approach with procedures requiring DH or MDA, the authorized DH or MDA is the highest of the following: DH or MDA prescribed by the IAP DH or MDA prescribed by the PIC DH or MDA equipped in the aircraft

You may not descent below the DH or MDA unless: The aircraft is in a continuously making a normal rate of descent and normal maneuvers from descent to landing within touchdown zone of runway. Flight visibility is not less than prescribed visibility in the IAP. Except for Cat I or Cat III operations, at least one of the following visual references is visible:Approach light system(until 100 ft above runway elevation unless red terminating bars or red side row bars are visible)Touchdown zone or touchdown zone markings

ThresholdVisual approach slope indicator

Threshold markingsTouchdown zone lights

Threshold lightsRunway or runway markings

Runway end identifier lightsRunway lights

Missed approach must be conducted if: Approach is unstabilized, or visibility obscured visual cues for landing:(1) When the aircraft is operated below MDA.(2) Between MAP and touchdown. During circling approach, an identifiable part of the airport is not distinctly visible at or above MDA, except if that was resulting from normal bank of the aircraft

RADIO COMMUNICATIONS [91.183 & 91.185] Aircraft must report time and altitude over reporting points designated or specified by ATC, except during radar control, only points specified by ATC.

COMMUNICATIONS FAILUREIf radio communications fail under IFR:Under Non-radar Control: Maintain last assigned speed and level for 20 minutes after the aircraft failure to report over a compulsory reporting point, then proceed as flight plan.

Under Radar Control: Maintain last assigned speed and level or minimum flight altitude for 7 minutes, after:(1) Failure to report over a compulsory reporting point(2) Setting squawk 7600(3) The time the last assigned altitude or flight level is reachedFor whichever is later, then proceed as filed flight plan.

If being radar vectored by ATC to deviate from RNAV route without specified limit, rejoin in the most direct manner to the next significant point along the flight planned route, taking into consideration the minimum flight altitude.

LNI 8812, due to traffic,after BITUX, fly heading 360and maintain 5000 feet. Expectfurther clearance in 5 minutes

Proceed along flight planned route to a fix/navaid over the airport and hold over the fix until commencement of descent at, or as close as possible to, the estimated approach time or estimated time of arrival. Complete a normal instrument approach as published. Land within 30 minutes after the ETA, or the EAT, whichever is later.

COURSE TO BE FLOWN [91.181]An aircraft under IFR may fly: Along the centerline of a published airway, or; Along a direct course between navaid or fixes defining the route. The pilot may maneuver under VFR to pass well clear of other air traffic.VOR INSTRUMENT CHECKS [91.171]The VOR equipment on board an aircraft must be operationally checked within the preceeding 30 days to be able to navigate with VOR under IFR.

To perform a VOR check:While on groundProceed to a VOR system checkpoint approved by the Director. The maximum permissible bearing error is 4o.

While in flight with VOR checkpoint availableProceed to the airborne checkpoint designated by the Director. The maximum permissible bearing error is 6o.

While in flight without VOR checkpointSelect a position at least 20 nautical miles away from a VOR on radial along the centerline of an established VOR airway. Fly a reasonably low altitude and note the variation between published radial and indicated bearing. (maximum is 6o)

C EQUIPMENT, INSTRUMENT, AND CERTIFICATE REQUIREMENTS CERTIFICATIONS REQUIRED BY A CIVIL AIRCRAFT [91.203]An aircraft must be carrying the following: Airworthiness certificate Special flight permit A copy of Operations Specifications Air carrier manual containing portion of the operation specifications Registration mark assigned by DGCA Registration certificate

INSTRUMENT AND EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR CIVIL AIRCRAFT [91.205]If operated under day VFRAirspeed indicatorAltimeter

Magnetic compassTachometer

Oil pressure gauge for engines using pressure systemTemperature gauge for liquid cooled engines

Oil temperature gauge for air cooled enginesManifold pressure gauge for altitude engines

Fuel gauge for each tankLanding gear position indicator

Flotation device and pyrotechnic signaling device if aircraft isoffshore operationSafety belt with metal-to-metal latching device for occupants 2 years of age or older.

Shoulder harness for small airplanesEmergency Locator Transmitter

If operated under IFRAll instruments required for a VFR flight, plus:Two-way radio communicationsGyroscopic ROT indicator

Slip/skid indicatorSensitive altimeter

Clock Generator/Alternator

Gyroscopic pitch & bank indicatorGyroscopic direction indicator

For flights above FL240, an operating Distance Measuring Equipment (DME). If DME fails in flight, PIC has to notify ATC and continue to the base where equipment repairs can be made.

Lighting requirements Position lights (i.e. Nav Light) Red/white anticollision lights (i.e. rotating beacon) Landing light (If aircraft is for hire) Source of electrical energy for radio and electrical equipments Spare set of fuses accessible to pilot in flight.

ELT REQUIREMENTS (91.207) Commercial operators, air carriers, and charter flights require the installation of automatic ELT, while others require approved personal ELT or automatic ELT. The location of the ELT must be attached on the plane as far aft as practicable. The batteries of the ELT must be replaced when:1) The transmitter has been used for 1 cumulative hour.2) 50% of the useful life (or 50% of the useful life of charge for rechargeable batteries) has expired. If battery has no shelf life, this section doesnt apply. ELT must be inspected every 12 months for proper installation, corrosion, operational and crash sensors, and the signal radiated from its antenna.

CAN AN AIRCRAFT FLY WITHOUT ELT? A new aircraft or an aircraft with an inoperative ELT may be ferried without ELT to a place where ELT could be installed or replaced. An aircraft may be allowed to fly, given that:1) It is used for local flight training within 50 nautical mile from the airport where it begins.2) It is engaged in flight operations for design and testing3) It is a new aircraft, flown to manufacturer, for preparation or delivery.4) It is flown for agricultural purposes (such as aerial spraying of fertilizers)5) It is certified by Director for research and development.6) It is being used to show compliance with regulation, training, exhibitions, air races or market surveys.7) It is equipped to only carry one person.8) Its transmitter has been temporarily removed for inspection and a placard shows NO ELT INSTALLED. The aircraft may be used not more than 90 days.

NIGHT AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS [91.209]From sunset to sunrise: An aircraft may be flown if it has1) Lighted position lights2) Lighted anticollision lights, except if PIC determines it has to be turned off for safety (such as in clouds to avoid visual illusions) An aircraft may only be parked or moved when it is clearly illuminated, and has lighted position lights. An aircraft may only be anchored if it has lighted anchor lights or where anchor lights are not required.

SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN [91.211]GENERAL REQUIREMENTS At 12,500 14,000 ft MSL cabin pressure, the minimum flight crew must use supplemental oxygen if operating at those altitudes for more than 30 minutes. Above 14,000 ft MSL cabin pressure, the minimum flight crew must use supplemental oxygen for the entire flight time at those altitudes Above 15,000 ft MSL cabin pressure, each occupant must be provided with supplemental oxygen.

PRESSURIZED CABINS: Above FL 250 flight altitude, a 10 minute oxygen supply, in addition to general requirements, must be available to each occupant in case of depressurization. Above FL 350 flight altitude:1) One pilot at the controls must use an oxygen mask supplying oxygen at all times or automatically when cabin pressure exceeds 14,000 ft MSL; or2) If there are two pilots at the controls, each has quick donning oxygen masks that can be placed, used and supply oxygen within 5 seconds.

TRANSPONDER REQUIREMENTS [91.215 & 91.217] A person must operate an operative Mode C capable transponder, with 100-ft increments altitude reporting, by a code designated by ATC when:1) In Class A, Class B, and Class C airspace2) Above the ceiling, but still within lateral boundaries, of Class B, or Class C airports, up to 10,000 ft MSL. 3) At or above 10,000 ft MSL in all airspace.Requesting deviations from ATC For aircraft with transponder without Mode C capability, or aircraft with failed transponder bound to its ultimate destination or where repairs can be made, request may be made any time. For aircraft with no transponder, request at least one hour before the operation.

A person may only turn off the transponder when directed by ATC.

Data matching with between reported transponder altitude and aircraft altimeter The transponder must be able to transmit data corresponding to the altimeter of the aircraft within 125 ft on a 95% probability basis.

ALTITUDE ALERTING SYSTEMS (TURBOJET-POWERED AIRCRAFTS ONLY) [91.219]The altitude alerting system must be able to: Alert the pilot with aural and visual signals in a time sufficient to establish level flight at the preselected altitude in a climb/descent Alert the pilot with aural signal in deviations above/below preselected altitude Provides the required signals from sea level to the maximum aeroplane operating altitude Preselect altitude at increments corresponding to altitudes the aircraft operate Be tested without special equipments to ensure proper operation of the signals Use barometric pressure setting to provide alerts. For operations under 3000 ft AGL, a radio altimeter may be used and signal may be provided either visually or aurally.

The altitude alerting system may not be required for: Ferrying a new airplane from place of possession to a place where the system is to be installed Continuing flight as planned if the system failed in flight Ferrying a plane with an inoperative system to where repairs can be made Conducting airworthiness flight test Ferrying the plane outside Indonesia to be registered in a foreign country Conducting sales demonstration of airplane Training foreign flight crews of the airplane operations before ferrying it outside Indonesia to register it in a foreign country.

INOPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS/EQUIPMENTS [91.213]An aircraft Minimum Equipment List (MEL) should not include equipments: That are specifically required by airworthiness requirements for the aircraft for safe operations under all operating conditions. That are required by airworthiness directive to be operable That are required for any other specific operations.

The MEL must be able to allow operation of aircraft with instruments and equipments in an inoperable condition.

Should any inoperative equipment/instrument exist in an aircraft, that aircraft is not allowed to fly unless: An approved MEL exists for the aircraft. The aircraft has a letter of authorization authorizing operation under MEL. Aircraft records is available to the pilot regarding inoperative instruments.

Notwithstanding the above conditions, an aircraft may still be allowed to fly with instruments being inoperative, without a MEL, if: The flight is conducted in small non-turbine powered airplane which Master MEL has not been developed Inoperative equipments are not part of the: (i) VFR day type certification instruments and equipments, (ii) Requirements on the Kinds of Operations Equipment List (iii) Requirements of CASR Part 91.205(iv) Requirements in the airworthiness directive to be operational. The inoperative equipment has been removed/deactivated and placarded, and the inoperable instrument has been recorded. The PIC decides that the inoperative equipment does NOT cause hazard in flight.

D SPECIAL FLIGHT OPERATIONSAEROBATIC FLIGHT [91.303]Aerobatic flight is prohibited: Over any congested area of city/town/settlement Over open air assembly of persons Within lateral boundaries of Class B, Class C, Class F or Class G airspace Within 4 nautical miles of centerline of an airway Below 1,500 feet AGL When flight visibility is less than 3 sm.

FLIGHT TEST AREAS [91.305] Flight test areas must be conducted over open water or sparsely populated areas with light air traffic.

PARACHUTING [91.307]No one may conduct parachuting except in emergency or according to CASR 105

Except every passenger is wearing approved parachute, no pilot may execute: Bank exceeding 60o relative to horizon. Nose up/down attitude exceeding 30o relative to horizon.

E MAINTENANCEMAINTENANCE REQUIRED [91.405]An aircraft operator must ensure that: The aircraft is inspected according to this Part and discrepancies repaired. Maintenance personnel make appropriate entries in maintenance records. Inoperative instrument/equipment repaired/replaced/removed/inspected in the next required inspection. Inoperative instruments are placarded.

POST MAINTENANCE REBUILDING OR ALTERATION [91.407]

INSPECTIONS [91.409]

MAINTENANCE RECORDS [91.417]

F LARGE AND TURBINE-POWERED MULTIENGINE AIRPLANESAPPLICABILITY [91.501]

FLYING EQUIPMENTS [91.503]

A PIC must be familiar with operations, limitations, and emergency equipments of the airplane before flight.

IFR OR NIGHT VFR EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS [91.507]

EQUIPEMENTS FOR OVERWATER OPERATIONS [91.509 & 91.511]

EMERGENCY EQUIPMENTS [91.513]

FLIGHT ALTITUDE [91.515]

PASSENGER INFORMATION [91.517]

PASSENGER BRIEFING [91.519]

SHOULDER HARNESS [91.521]

CARRIAGE OF CARRY-ON ITEMS AND CARGO [91.523 & 91.525]

FLIGHT IN ICING CONDITIONS [91.527] FLIGHT ATTENDANT REQUIREMENTS [91.531]

STOWAGE OF FOOD, BEVERAGE, AND PASSENGER SERVICE ITEMS [91.533]