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Editors: Brian A. Jerome Ph.D. Stephanie Zak Jerome
Assistant Editors:Louise MarrierJosh Hummel
Graphics: Fred Thodal
www.visuallearningsys.com1 800 453 848125 Union Street,Brandon, VT 05733
teacher’s guide
investigatingheredity
2 investigating heredity
use and copyrightThe purchase of this video program entitles the user the right to reproduce or duplicate, in whole or in part, this teacher’s guide and the black line master handouts for the purpose of teaching in conjunction with this video, investigating heredity. The right is restricted only for use with this video program. Any reproduction or duplication, in whole or in part, of this guide and student masters for any purpose other than for use with this video program is prohibited.
The video and this teacher’s guide are the exclusive property of the copyright holder. Copying, transmitting, or reproducing in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the copyright holder is prohibited (Title 17, U.S. Code Sections 501 and 506).
Copyright © 2013
ISBN 1-59234-872-5
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Duplication rights are available, but must be negotiated with visual learning systems.
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a message from our company . . .Visual Learning is a Vermont-based, family owned company specializing in the creation of science programs. As former classroom science teachers, we have designed our programs to meet the needs and interests of both students and teachers. Our mission is to help educators and students meet educational goals while experiencing the thrill of science!
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a message from our company
viewing clearances
use and copyright
student learning objectives
assessment
introducing the program
program viewing suggestions
literature connections
key vocabulary
video script
answer key to student assessments
answer key to student activities
what do you know now?
what have you learned?
video review
video quiz
traits
acquired traits and inherited traits
index
teacher’s guide
student activities
4 investigating heredity
assessmentwhat do you know now? (p. 10):This preliminary assessment is an assessment tool designed to gain an understanding of students’ preexisting knowledge. It can also be used as a benchmark upon which to assess student progress based on the objectives stated on the previous pages.
what have you learned? (p. 11):This post assessment can be utilized as an assessment tool following student completion of the program and student activities. The results of this assessment can be compared against the results of the preliminary assessment to assess student progress.
video review (p. 12):The video review can be used as an assessment tool or as a student activity. There are two sections. The first part contains questions displayed during the program. The second part consists of a five-question video quiz to be answered at the end of the video.
student learning objectivesUpon viewing the video and completing the enclosed student activities, students will be able to do the following:
1 List some examples of traits of living things.2 Cite examples of some common human traits.3 Define heredity as the process of passing on traits from parents to
offspring.4 Explain that an acquired trait is something you learn or develop the ability
to do.5 List some examples of acquired traits.6 Understand that inherited traits are passed from parents to offspring.7 Cite some common examples of inherited traits.8 Explain that genetics is the science of heredity.9 Describe a contribution of genetics.
student learning objectives | assessment
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program viewing suggestionsThe student master “video review” is provided (p. 12) for distribution to students. You may choose to have your students complete this master while viewing the program or do so upon its conclusion.
The program is approximately 10 to 12 minutes in length and includes a five-question video quiz. Answers are not provided to the video quiz in the video, but are included in this guide on page 9. You may choose to grade student quizzes as an assessment tool or to review the answers in class.
The video is content-rich with numerous vocabulary words. For this reason you may want to periodically stop the video to review and discuss new terminology and concepts.
introducing the programBefore showing the video to students ask them to write down the color of their hair on a piece of scrap paper. Next, ask them to write down their approximate height. And last, ask them to write down their eye color. Ask them if they have any choice of these features. Ask them if they were born with these features or did they do something to get these features. Explain that these are examples of inherited characteristics.
Next, ask your students to write down something they are good at or enjoy doing. Answers may range from playing a sport, to reading, to playing a musical instrument. Ask them if they inherited these abilities or if they learned to do them. Write “acquired characteristics” on the board. Explain the acquired characteristics are things we learn how to do. We are not born with acquired characteristics. Tell students to pay close attention to the video to learn more about inherited characteristics, acquired characteristics, and heredity.
introducing the program | program
viewing suggestions | literature connections
Bardoe, Cheryl. Gregor Mendel: The Friar Who Grew Peas. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2006.
literature connections
Graham, Ian. Genetics: The Study of Heredity. New York: Gareth Steven Publishing, 2002.
Hawley, Ella. Exploring Heredity (Let’s Explore Life Science). New York: Powerkids Press, 2012.
Silverman, Buffy. Hair Traits: Color, Texture, and More. Minneapolis: Lerner Classroom, 2012.
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key vocabulary |video script
video script01 introduction 02 Have you ever wondered why some animals look nearly identical to their
parents?03 For example, notice how this lamb looks a lot like its mother.04 In many cases the same holds true with plants.05 Young plants often look very similar to their parents.06 You may have also noticed that some children look very much like their
parents.07 What causes this?08 The answer lies in heredity.09 What is heredity?10 What are some of the things we can learn by studying heredity?11 And, why is heredity important?12 During the next few minutes we are going to answer these questions,...13 ... and others as we investigate heredity.
14 heredity and traits15 What’s the color of the fur of this calf?16 That’s right it’s brown.17 The mother of this calf also has brown fur.18 Fur color is one example of a characteristic.19 Another word for characteristic is trait.20 This dog, for example, has many different traits.21 Some of its traits include eye color,...22 ...fur color and thickness,...23 ... height,...24 ... and head shape to name just a few.25 All living things, whether they be plants or animals have many different traits.26 In some cases traits are passed on from parents to their children, also called
offspring.27 Heredity is the process of passing on traits from parents to offspring.
key vocabulary
characteristictrait
heredityacquired trait
inherited traitgenetics
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video script
28 acquired traits29 Think about some of the things you do well.30 Maybe you are good at playing sports.31 Perhaps you are a very good musician.32 Or maybe you’re an excellent reader.
33 Could you do these things when you were born?34 No, you could not do these things when you were born...35 ...or even when you were a toddler.36 Instead, you had to learn how to do these things.37 With teaching and practice, you became better at them.38 These learned skills are called acquired traits.39 An acquired trait is something you learned or develop the ability to do. You
are not born with acquired traits.
40 Graphic Transition – inherited traits41 Think about some of your basic physical features such as your eye color, your
height, and your hair color.
42 Did you acquire or inherit these traits?43 That’s right, you inherited these traits from your parents.44 You can’t learn to make your eyes a different color...45 ...and you can’t acquire the ability to make yourself taller or shorter.46 Inherited traits are different from acquired traits.
47 Graphic Transition – heredity and science48 As we mentioned earlier, heredity is the process of passing traits from parents
to offspring.49 Genetics is the science of heredity.50 Genetics has produced many things that have improved our lives.51 For example, genetics has helped create new types of plants that produce
more food.52 Genetics has enabled scientists to develop new medicines to prevent and cure
diseases.53 Needless to say, the science of genetics has a big effect on our lives.
you decide
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video script 54 video review55 During the past few minutes, we explored the fascinating topic of heredity.56 We began by seeing that living things have many characteristics called traits.57 We learned that heredity is the passing on of traits.58 The difference between acquired traits and inherited traits were explained.59 We discovered that acquired traits are learned.60 Whereas inherited traits are passed on from parents to offspring.61 Last, we learned about genetics which is the science of heredity.62 Some of the ways genetics has helped us were highlighted.63 This rounded out our investigation of heredity.
64 video quiz65 Fill in the correct word to complete the sentence.66 1. Another word for characteristic is ___.67 2. _____ is the passing on of traits68 3. Learned skills are _____traits.69 4. Eye color is an ______ trait.70 5. _____ is the science of heredity.
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answer key to student assessments
answer key to student activities traits (p. 13)
acquired traits and inherited traits (p. 14-15)1 Hitting a baseball; Acquired trait; You need to learn to hit a baseball.2 Eye color; Inherited trait; You are born with a specific eye color. This is passed on
from parents to offspring.3 Attached earlobe; Inherited trait; This trait is passed on from parent to offspring.4 Kicking a soccer ball; Acquired trait; You need to learn and practice soccer. You are
not born with the ability to play soccer.5 Snowboarding; Acquired trait; It takes a lot of learning and practice to snowboard.
what do you know now?1 trait2 green leaves3 offspring4 heredity5 acquired trait6 learning to read7 ability to cry8 inherited traits9 ability to shoot a basketball
10 genetics
what have you learned? (p. 11)1 ability to cry2 acquired trait3 ability to shoot a basketball4 trait5 offspring6 genetics7 heredity8 learning to read9 green leaves
10 inherited traits
video review (p. 12)1 The color of the fur of the calf is
brown.2 No, you could not do these things
when you were born.3 These traits were inherited from your
parents.
video quiz (p. 12)1 trait2 heredity3 acquired4 inherited5 genetics
answer key to student assessm
ents | answer key to student activities
a.1. green leaves 2. many leaves 3. rootsb. 1. spots 2. long necks 3. four legsc. 1. two dark-colored eyes 2. detached earlobes 3. frizzyy hair
what do you know now?
What is another word for characteristic?
example trait sample diagram
Which is a trait of a plant?
green leaves red hair brown eyes skin color
What is another word for children?
ducklings offspring bunnies parents
What is the process of passing on traits from parents to offspring?
diffusion change growth heredity
What type of trait do you learn to do?
inherited trait exchange trait transform trait acquired trait
Select the best answer for each of the following questions.
Which is an acquired trait?
eye color your height learning to read size of your foot
Which trait are you born with?
speaking words ability to cry singing music ability to read
What are traits passed on from parents to children?
inherited traits acquired traits no traits invisible traits
Which is not an inherited trait?
ability to hear eye color ability to shoot a basketball sound of your voice
What is the science of heredity?
geology astronomy botany genetics
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visual learning systems10 | investigating heredity
Name:
what have you learned?
Which trait are you born with?
speaking words ability to cry singing music ability to read
What type of trait do you learn to do?
inherited trait exchange trait transform trait acquired trait
Which is not an inherited trait?
ability to hear eye color ability to shoot a basketball sound of your voice
What is another word for characteristic?
example trait sample diagram
What is another word for children?
ducklings offspring bunnies parents
Select the best answer for each of the following questions.
What is the science of heredity?
geology astronomy botany genetics
What is the process of passing on traits from parents to offspring?
diffusion change growth heredity
Which is an acquired trait?
eye color your height learning to read size of your foot
Which is a trait of a plant?
green leaves red hair brown eyes skin color
What are traits passed on from parents to children?
inherited traits acquired traits no traits invisible traits
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visual learning systems investigating heredity | 11
Name:
video reviewyou observeWhat’s the color of the fur of this calf?
you decideCould you do these things when you were born?
Another word for characteristic is ___________________.
____________________ is the passing on of traits.
Learned skills are ______________________ traits.
Eye color is an _______________________ trait.
video quiz
you decideDid you acquire or inherit these traits?
_____________________ is the science of heredity.
visual learning systems12 | investigating heredity
Name:
traits
All living things, whether they be plants or animals have many characteristics. Another word for characteristic is trait. Your eye color and height are examples of traits.
Directions: For each of the living things seen below list three traits.
a
b
c
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Name:
acquired traits and inherited traits
Directions: Describe each of the traits shown. Then decide if it is an acquired trait or an inherited trait. Then explain your answer.
A trait is a characteristic of a living thing. Traits are often placed in two groups: acquired traits and inherited traits.
An acquired trait is something you learned to do. You are not born with acquired traits. Examples of acquired traits are learning to read, or becoming a good baseball player.
Inherited traits are different from acquired traits. Inherited traits are passed on from parents to offspring. Traits such as eye color, your height, and the shape of your face are inherited traits.
Trait shown
Acquired or inherited trait
Explain
Trait shown
Acquired or inherited trait
Explain
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visual learning systems14 | investigating heredity
Name:
Trait shown
Acquired or inherited trait
Explain
Trait shown
Acquired or inherited trait
Explain
Trait shown
Acquired or inherited trait
Explain
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acquired traits and inherited traits
visual learning systems investigating heredity | 15
Name:
