[Rights Issues] Legalizing Prostitution, Gender Gap Report, Widows of Vrindavan, Christian Women Property Rights

7/24/2019 [Rights Issues] Legalizing Prostitution, Gender Gap Report, Widows of Vrindavan, Christian Women Property Rights

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[Rights Issues] Legalizing Prostitution, Gender Gap Report, Widows ofVrindavan, Christian Women Propert rights

1. Legalizing prostitution

1. Immoral Traffic prevention Act, 1956

2. Pro arguments: se tra!e "e legalize! "coz:

#. Anti$Arguments: %e tra!e must not "e legalize! "coz:

2. &'(: )en!er )ap *eport 2+1 -ct 1/

#. Propert0 rigts of ristian 3omen -%ep$1/

. &i!o3s of 4rin!avan -%ep$1/

5. %topping il! marriages: some fo!!er -%ep$1/

6. P%s proforma vs rigts of !isa"le!

Legalizing prostitution

*elevance in 7ains:

• )%1: Women!povert asso"iated issues and remedies# so"ial empowerment

• )%2: laws for prote"tion and $etterment of vulnera$le se"tions%

Prostitution in India: Disturbing numbers

7 lakh “Registered” sex workers in India (Health ministry, 2012)

13 lakh otal !ex workers in India ("#$% estimate, 2012)

&0' % them are nderage (!tdy *y +omen and hild ministry)

33' % missing hildren ne-er ond. /any o them sold o as within India or in /iddleeast.

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L&G'LI(I)G PR*+I-I*). PR* / ')I!'RG-0&)+

Timeline of Events

1 Immoral rai 4re-ention #t, 1



2007+omen and $hild 5e-elo4ment ministry lanhed “Ujjwala” sheme or resereha*

reintegration o traiked women.

2011

!4reme ort a44ointed Pradip Ghosh panel to sggest reorm in I6# at and reha*ilitation

o sex workers. Re4ort 4ossi*le in 201.

201&

1. alitha 8maramangalam (hairman o "ational $ommission or +omen) said sex trade

shold *e legali9ed. (201&, %t +&)

2. #nd sine then e-ery day Hind rnning minimm one artile on why it shold *e

legali9ed. Hene to4i im4ortant.

Immoral Traffic prevention Act, 1956

• he a"t does not prohi$it se1 wor2, per se%

• $ut se1 wor2ers, her "hildren and asso"iates "an $e arrested for

• Running $rothel

• +oli"iting in pu$li" pla"es%

• if person 345 ears age, is living on se1 wor2er6s in"ome! he "an $e 7ailed for 8 ears%

• his means, even se1 wor2ers6 "hildren "an $e arrested $e"ause at 45 age, the are $arel out of s"hool and won6t have a 7o$%

• If se1 wor2er arrested in IP', her "hildren for"ed to 7oin the flesh!trade%

• his a"t aims to stop under!age girls from prostitution% 9ut despite amendments in 6:8 and 65;, it hasn6t stopped%

• -nder IP', Poli"e "an raid a premise without warrant% his provision misused for harassment and $ri$er $ poli"e% +e1 wor2ers

"onstantl live under threat of raids<3&ntr of pimps who =manage> poli"emen<3e1ploitation $ pimps%

Pro arguments: se tra!e "e legalize! "coz:

4% Prostitutes too have right to live with ?ignit under 'rti"le 84% @&1!Austi"e Bat7u%

8% he6ll $e saved from poli"e raids and so"ial!stigma%

D% heir dependents and "hildren "an $enefit from Government s"hemes< $etter &du"ation and emploment alternatives for theirfamilies%

E% In the a$sen"e of regulation, se1 wor2ers for"ed to serve "lients in unhgieni", unhealth "onditions, without "ondoms<3FIV+?% Laws and regulation "an stop this%

H% 0inimum wages, Wor2!hours "an $e regularized% &1ploitation $ pimps, madams, $rothel!owners, poli"e and politi"ians will stop%

;% +e1 wor2ers will $e "overed under la$our laws, so"ial se"urit $enefits, &P*% Government "an earn ta1es from them%



:% I!"ards will $e issued% Poli"e "an distinguish $etween @voluntar se1 wor2 vs% @for"ed traffi"2ing% raffi"2ing of underage girls "anstopped%

5% 8JJ8. )ew rade -nion Initiative la$elled se1 wor2 as =unorganized la$our>%

K% +e1 wor2ers must $e allowed to en7o same la$our rights and human rights as others%

4J% 'll India )etwor2 of +e1 Wor2ers / other groups "laim that se1 trade legalization will redu"e traffi"2ing of women, help them gethealth and welfare s"hemes%

Anti$Arguments: %e tra!e must not "e legalize! "coz:

4% undamental dut in Indian Constitution. Renoun"e the pra"ti"es derogator to the dignit of women% 9 legalizing se1!trade,ou6ll send wrong message to new generations of $os that women are se1ual "ommodities and that prostitution is harmlessre"reational a"tivit%

8% Women do not 7oin prostitution $ on their will% 0ost of them are a$used, "oer"ed and tri"2ed into se1 trade $ pimps% +o, Insteadof =legalizing> this a"tivit, Government should give alternative emploment to se1!wor2ers and put pimps into 7ails%

D% Legalizing se1 trade! will $enefit pimps to for"e more women into prostitution%

E% It is not possi$le to prote"t someone whose emploment e1poses them to the li2elihood of $eing raped on average on"e a wee2%

H% 8JJJ. +e1 trade legalized in )etherlands% +e1 industr e1panded $ 8HM with &ast &urope girls $rought in, man of themunderage% +o, Legalization does not "ontrol the se1 industr% It e1pands this immoral a"tivit%

;% Legalized se1 trade<3 "ompulsor medi"al "he"2ups<3 $ut even if se1 wor2er got FIV, she6ll test negative for the first E!; wee2sand infe"ting more "lients in the meantime% o stop FIV, prostitution has to $e stopped "ompletel%

:% Wrong assumption that legalized se1 trade <"ondom used < less FIV% 9e"ause some se1 wor2ers would agree to go without"ondoms e%g% older women una$le to find "lients, pimp6s pressure et"%

5% Registered se1 wor2ers<3 no minors traffi"2ed% his is also wrong assumption $e"ause if fa2e 'adhar "ards "an $e "reated thenfa2e id "ards for under!age se1 wor2ers "an $e "reated as well%

K% In short, Prostitution "an never $e a legitimate $usiness $e"ause it will alwas $e asso"iated with "rime, "orruption, "lass, mass

se1ual e1ploitation and human traffi"2ing%

4J% if Government "an6t stop something then it should $e legalized<3 on that logi" even nar"oti" drugs should $e legalized% &nd resultwould $e $ro2en families and dsfun"tional outh! 7ust li2e in the West%

&'(: )en!er )ap *eport 2+1 -ct 1/

*elevance

• =World!Ran2ing!report> tpe 0CNs! mainl in C?+, C'P and 9an2s%

• odder for G+4, G+8, &ssa and Interview%

8asics

4% World &"onomi" forum prepares Gender Gap report sin"e 8JJ;%

8% opH for 8J4E. I"eland 3 inland 3 )orwa 3 +weden 3 ?enmar2%

Gender empowerment index measures 4 fronts



ront !riteria India"s ran# $%4& nations

1.:onomi 4artii4ation

!alaries 13&

2.:dation #ess to *asi and higher ed. 12

3.Health andsr-i-al

ie ex4etany and sex ratio1&1 ot o 1&2 ontries. /eans 2nd most *ogs ontry in the world.

&.6olitial

em4owerment

Re4resentation in 5eision

/aking 4osition1

%-erall11&(201&); 101(2013). /eans we<-e *eome

more *ogs than last year.

&1"ept the politi"al empowerment front, we are among the 8J most!$ogus "ountries in the world on gender im$alan"e%

In!ia 3omen: istur"ing num"ers from &'( report

'umbers not mu(h important ex(ept when )ou want to turn GD into fish mar#et

0' !eats reser-ed in 4arliament or women.

2.' otal ertility rate

7' o $om4any *oard seats o4ied *y emales.

' irms owned *y emales

1' o Indian sientists are emale.

1' :m4loyed in nonagriltre la*or



2=' /arried in hildhood *eore reahing age o 20

33' >eome mothers *eore reahing age o 20

&&' !er rom malntrition

' +omen #ware a*ot ontrae4ti-es

7' 5eli-eries *y trained 4erson

Hors s4end daily in n4aid work.

10 /aternal mortality ration 4er 1 lakh li-e *irths

7: (in! incorrect statements a"out )lo"al )en!er )ap *eport 2+1;

4% 9en"hmar2s national gender gaps on four fronts viz% e"onomi", politi"al, edu"ation and health%

8% Is prepared $ World 9an2%

D% )orwa is ran2ed 4st on having minimum gender gap%

Corre"t "hoi"es

'% *nl 4 and 8

9% *nl 8 and D

C% *nl 4 and D

?% )one of them

Propert0 rigts of ristian 3omen -%ep$1/

*elevance: fodder for the topi" =need for uniform "ivil "ode in India> in &ssa O Interview% Classi" mista2e $ man "andidates! when thehear =uniform "ivil "ode>, their points onl "enter around 0uslim personnel law and = talaa>% 9ut an ideal answer needs to dis"uss status ofwomen in other religion as well%

&at is te pro"lem;

Indian +u""ession '"t, 4K8H sas. in a Christian house, I a son dies wi thout writing will, and there are no "hildrenOgrand"hildren, then.

• Fis propert would go to his father% in this "ase, Fis mother won6t get a penn%



• If father also dead then, propert will $e shared euall among si$lings and mother%

hus Christian mother are dis"riminated in propert inheritan"e%

4% Law Commission "hairman Austi"e 'P +hah gave report Q8E:%

8% Fe as2ed Government to amend the law so that $oth mother and father have eual share in dead son6s propert%

&i!o3s of 4rin!avan -%ep$1/

opi" in news $e"ause 9AP!0P Fema 0alini said man of these widows have high $an2 $alan"e and et $egging for more mone, theshould leave Vrindavan%

*elevance:

• )%71. Women, Povert development issues% )%72: Vulnera$le se"tion

• &ssa O Interview. plight of elderl in India

Points to consi!er:

• Poor widows from all over India "ome to Vrindavan for shelter, $e"ause the6ve no other pla"e to go, relatives unwilling to loo2

after them%

• It is not religion $ut povert that for"ed them to Vrindavan%

• If the6re for"ed out of this "it, the6ll not get livelihood opportunities in other towns

• Constitution guarantees ever "itizen right to reside in an part of India, in"luding Vrindavan%

Pro"lem of 3i!o3s:

• 8JJ:. 0aintenan"e and Welfare of Parents and +enior Citizens '"t% 'dults need to give food, "loths, housing and medi"al "are totheir parents%

• 9ut, 0ost of the Vrindavan widows are without "hildren O famil too poor O famil doesn6t "are% Fen"e the6re for"ed to see2 refuge

in Vrindavan, $eg for mone while singing $ha7ans%

• 8J4J. )CW report sas :HM of Vrindavan widows are from West 9engal% @meaning, W%9egal is the most $ogus state in widow!

welfare

• +upreme "ourt ordered Government to provide proper housing and food to them%

• 9ut most of them don6t have proof of residen"e <3 "an6t get ration "ard<3"an6t $enefit from Government s"hemes%

%topping il! marriages: some fo!!er -%ep$1/

*elevance: a few fodder points for des"riptive uestion O essa from a Findu "olumn%

4% Child marriages in"rease Infant 0ortalit Rate @I0R, 0aternal 0ortalit Rate @00R# prevents the girl "hild from realizing her truepotential or edu"ation O "areer am$ition%

8% )eed networ2ing $etween lawers, )G*s, Poli"e and ?istri"t administration, revenue offi"ials%

D% Politi"al interferen"e when Poli"e wants to $oo2 the "aste leaders% his must stop%



E% *ften, girl "hild turns hostile during "ourt pro"eedings, "ase "ollapses% Fen"e need to ma2e appropriate parti"ipants in Child0arriages Prevention '"t 8JJ;%

H% )eed funds for setting up of spe"ial homes for vi"tims, s2ill ?evelopment training%

;% -suall su"h families are poor and illiterate% )eed to ensure the6re adeuatel "overed under Government s"hemes for welfare,in"ome and edu"ation%

P%s proforma vs rigts of !isa"le!

'am$*elevance: )one, $e"ause I don6t thin2 -P+C will as2 uestion on a "ase where the themselves were defeated% 'nwas let6s"he"2 the matter.

• &ven if a PF!"andidate has a valid disa$ilit "ertifi"ate, the -P+C would as2 them to fillup a new =proforma> form and atta"h

photographs showing disa$ilit%

• his infringes the right to priva" of the appli"ant! for e1ample an amputee female%

• Chief Commissioner for Persons with ?isa$ilit has ordered -P+C to stop this pra"ti"e%

&ait, "ommissioner $e"omes important for 0ains G+8. slla$us topi"! +tatutor, regulator and various uasi!7udi"ial $odies%

-)%2/ &rite a note on te origin an! function of ief ommissioner for persons 3it !isa"ilities. 1++ 3or!s

• It is a statutor $od! separate "ommissioners at national and state level%

• -nder Persons with disa$ilities @eual opportunit '"t, 4KKH%

• -nder 0inistr of so"ial 7usti"e and empowerment%

(unctions:

4% +afeguard the rights of PF% Can ta2e +uo!moto a"tion%

8% Fas power of a Civil "ourt under CPC @Code of "ivil pro"edure% Fe "an summon people, issue fines and arrest warrants for non!appearan"e, order union and state Government to dis"lose information%

D% 0onitors that Government s"hemes and funds properl used for $enefit of PF

E% 0onitors that laws and regulations donot dis"riminate against PF li2e this Lord Curzon -P+C%

H% )ational Chief "oordinates with state "hiefs%

Documents

[Rights Issues] Legalizing Prostitution, Gender Gap Report, Widows of Vrindavan, Christian Women Property Rights