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Ricardo-AEA

18th March 2015

Pat Howes

CenBio Days

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• Introduce me and the company I work for

• International perspectives on waste to energy trends

• Bioenergy in the UK

• Waste in the UK

Content

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CenBio days March 2015

Pat Howes 29 years’ research in bioenergy and waste, public & private sector consultancy

Biomass heat and power Biofuels Environmental impact of biomass, including life cycle analysis Waste work

o Waste to energy o Landfill gas o Anaerobic digestion

International work o European Commission, o European Parliament, o International Energy Agency (IEA)

Task leader of the IEA Bioenergy Agreement’s Task on “Integration of energy into solid waste management”

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CenBio Days March 2015

Ricardo-AEA

Global sustainability consultancy: energy, climate change & adaptation, environmental impact, economics

Economic Analysis

Policy Development

Due Diligence

Scenario Modelling

Sustainability Reporting

Research & Knowledge

Transfer

Impact Assessment

Communications & Stakeholder Engagement

Data Management

Energy & Climate Change

Waste & Resources

Air & Environmental

Quality

Sustainable Transport

Chemical Risk

Examples of our work areas: Energy & climate change policy; GHG inventories; renewable energy; CHP; energy efficiency; waste management solutions; LCA; resource efficiency; advice on regulations & permitting; strategic waste planning; emissions monitoring; technical review & due diligence; emissions management; environmental impact assessment; odour measurement; biomass air quality; UK air emissions inventory; air quality modelling

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Task 36: Integrating Energy Recovery into Solid Waste Management Focus on: Integration of energy into modern solid waste management with a focus on thermal conversion. Aims to: • Collate research and policy

information and case study material to produce best practice guidelines for policy makers

• Exchange information on energy recovery in waste management

CenBio days – March 2015

www.ieabioenergytask36.org

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• Small scale energy from waste • Status of gasification of waste • Waste derived fuels/solid recovered fuels • Efficiency of waste combustion • Biogenic content of waste • Policy updates • National reviews • Treatment & use of waste to energy residues • Decision makers guide to energy from waste • Case studies on energy from waste plants

CenBio Days March 2015

Task 36 – Current & past work

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CenBio days March 2015

Task 36 - future work

Improvement of feedstock characteristics through

processingCost effective improvement of

energy efficiency

Increased use of heat generated in the process

Decreased cost of air emissions clean up (e.g. through

advanced conversion options)

Common challenges for

EfW

• Developments in the circular economy and smart waste management

• Trends in solid recovered fuels • Thermal conversion of waste to

chemicals or liquid fuels • Policy issues – transboundary shipment

of waste – restrictions of waste to energy in some countries

• Integration of energy into solid waste management in developing economies

• Trends in the production and use of commercial and industrial waste for energy

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Examples of UK work on bioenergy

Renewable Energy Targets & Climate change targets “10-14% of UK primary energy from bioenergy in 2030” (Bioenergy Strategy 2012)

Genuine carbon savings

Cost effective contribution to

carbon emission objectives

Assess impact of our bioenergy demand on food security, biodiversity, global development

Support for bioenergy should aim to maximise

benefits & minimise costs

Key issues

Sustainability (GHG, iLUC)

Renewable energy: heat, power & biofuels

conversion efficiency & cost effectiveness

Biomass resources

BEAC report Data for GHG,

methods for estimating iLUC, environmental impact assessment

RHI, RO, CfD, CHPQA, biomethane & advanced

conversion demonstration,

AD support, Regulation support

Biomass conversion, biomass feedstock

preparation

How much & where from ? impact of trade, North American

Supply, energy crops

Funding for work: DECC, Defra, DfT, Ofgem, Environment Agency, Energy Technology Institute, research councils

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• Waste R&D is policy driven – Landfill diversion

• Food waste

• AD – biomethane markets (demonstrator programme)

• Community energy

• Use of digestate

– Resource efficiency • Circular economy • Best practice modelling • Skills development

– Bioeconomy • Biorefineries

• Biogenic fractions of MSW & other wastes

• Waste to biofuels

– Cost efficiencies – Renewable energy

• Improved efficiency of use

• Demonstration of advanced conversion

• Use of refuse derived fuel

CenBio Days March 2015

Waste research in the UK

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/408940/BIS-15-146_Bioeconomy_report_-_opportunities_from_waste.pdf

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CenBio number.

Description UK or IEA equivalent

SP1 Biomass supply & residue use

ETI – feedstock preparation DECC policy support work on costs DECC UK supply constraints DECC & Defra AD resource mapping Defra – Environmental impact DfT – logistics NERC – biomass residue use

SP2 Conversion mechanisms

ETI, Supergen, Research Councils UK (RCUK) and power generators Pyrolysis & gasification: Aston, Leeds, Nottingham university AD: Southampton university

SP3 Conversion technologies & emissions

Defra http://laqm.defra.gov.uk/review-and-assessment/tools/emissions.html#biomass

Supergen, http://www.supergen-bioenergy.net/research-projects/emissions-from-solid-biomass/

Environment Agency WRATE – LCA tool http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140328084622/http:/www.environment-agency.gov.uk/research/commercial/102922.aspx

SP4 Sustainability assessments

DECC: BEAC https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/life-cycle-impacts-of-biomass-electricity-in-2020 CCC: Bioenergy review http://www.theccc.org.uk/publication/bioenergy-review/

SP5 Knowledge transfer & innovation

TINAs http://www.lowcarboninnovation.co.uk/working_together/technology_focus_areas/bioenergy/

SP6 Value chain assessment

Supergen http://www.supergen-bioenergy.net/research-projects/bioenergy-value-chains--whole-systems-analysis-and-optimisation/

CenBio Days, March 2015

Synergy between CenBio work and UK work

Research councils: Supergen Bioenergy http://www.supergen-bioenergy.net/

BBSRC http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk/research/biotechnology

-bioenergy/bsbec/bsbec-index.aspx

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Pat Howes

+44 (0)1235 75 3254 Pat.howes@ricardo-aea.com www.ricardo-aea.com

Sample work & customers