RFIDd. miller ● c. ichiki ● l. goetzinger ● r. hrdinsky

Presented to the Class of BA 471

Winter 2006 Dr. R.F. Reitsma

• RFID Overview

• Current RFID Uses

• Future of RFID

• RFID Controversy

the Layout…

★point of interest

OverviewRadio Frequency Identification (RFID)

• an automatic identification method– uses radio frequency– transfers data between a reader and a movable item

Identify

Categorize

Track

Overview… History• 1945 – Leon Theremin

– Espionage tool for Soviet government– Retransmitted incident radio waves with audio information

• 1939 – Britain– IFF transponder– Used by allies in WWII to identify airplanes as friend or foe

• 1973 – Mario Cardullo– Claims U.S. Patent was first true ancestor of modern

• 1980s – Use of RFID in tracking and access applications appeared– Identification or location information– Price, color, date of purchase, etc.

Overview… Tags• Contains 2 main parts

– silicon chips – antennas

• 3 Types– Passive– Semi Passive– Active ★

Overview… Types• Passive

– Have no internal power supply– Electrical current inducted in antenna by the incoming signal proves

power for integrated circuit in tag to power up and transmit response

• Semi Passive– Similar to passive tags, with the addition of a small battery– Battery powers the integrated circuit

• Active– Have their own internal power source– Many operate at fixed intervals– Also called beacons (broadcast own signal)

Overview… System• Objects equipped with RFID tag

– Tag contains transponder with digital memory chip

• Interrogator: an antenna packaged with transceiver and decoder – emits signal activating tag

• Reader detects activation signal, decodes the data on the tag’s silicon chip

• Data passed to host computer

• Application software on host computer processes data

– Physical Markup Language (PML)

Current Uses• Animal Tracking

– cattle and farm animals– pets... ex. Dan's dog

• Supply Chain Management – Wal-Mart industry leader, frozen food and out-of-stock

–

• Electronic Payment – EZ Pass and FasTrak or Subway Oyster card in London

Electronic Toll Collection

★

Current Uses… Case Study

• the old way… loose a key • time • $$$

• new practice…• ‘key’ on a wristband• antitheft system• activate within 6in

…Security Access and Convenience…Truck Keys

Imagination Time

What future products (or services) will use RFID technology?

…what are the potentials for RFID…

share your WILD examples

FutureRFID chips in humans get green light

FDA approved the country’s first RFID chip to be implanted in humans (Oct.2004 -- MSNBC)

Contains patients identity information (blood type, allergies, et cetera)

Used for complex treatments

Applied Digital (maker of the implantable VeriChip for humans) plans to market the chip for $125 (not including implantation)

Video of RFID chip implanted into hand

Future… Smart AppliancesWashing Machine

– Merloni Elettrodomestici (and Italian appliance maker) appliances have RFID readers that enable the machines to communicate with objects

– washing machine will read intelligent labels in clothes– a color screen can display messages, like: “This is the first washing [for this pair

of jeans] it is advisable to wash them separately”

Refrigerator– designed to track each item’s expiry date and display information about its

nutritional value

Oven / Microwave– automatically set cooking and baking times and temperatures based on

instructions from tags

★

Future… MoneyExploding €uro and $Dollar

After 3 seconds in the microwave, new $20 bills and Euro bills popped and burned

U.S. $20 bills burned close to Andrew Jackson’s right eye

In the Euros', it burned a hole right where the silver strip runs through the notes.

Future… Money (continue)

• Only happened in certain microwaves (usually older or more powerful ones)

• The dollars were placed in large stacks

• Magnetic ink? Foil strip?

• Size of chip

Controversy

Medical

Regulation

Environmental

Privacy

Religious

Controversy… Medical

• Implant

• Serious Potential Health Risks

RFID for people

Controversy… Regulation

• Frequency issues

• Discrepancies among Countries

• EPCglobal

Controversy… Environmental

• Recycling problems

-paper

-pallet

-steel

-glass

-plastic

Controversy… Privacy• Unaware Purchasers

• Linking Merchandise w/ Personal Information

• Use in the Workplace – Harrod’s

• ID Theft

• Profiling

• CASPIAN

★

Controversy… Privacy… Gillette

Controversy… Religious

Mark of the Beast – Revelation 13:16

…Physical Mark

Q&A

What are your questions?

Sources