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RESOLVE Model
Documentation
User Manual (DRAFT)
July 2017
© 2017 Copyright. All Rights Reserved.
Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
101 Montgomery Street, Suite 1600
San Francisco, CA 94104
415.391.5100
www.ethree.com
RESOLVE Model
Documentation
User Manual (DRAFT)
July 2017
Table of Contents
1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Overview .............................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Contents ............................................................................................................... 3
2 RESOLVE Set-Up ............................................................................................... 5
2.1 System Requirements ....................................................................................... 5
2.2 RESOLVE Set-Up .............................................................................................. 6
3 Running Scenarios in RESOLVE ..................................................................... 7
3.1 User Interface ...................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Results Viewer .................................................................................................. 19
3.3 Dispatch Viewer ................................................................................................ 24
4 RESOLVE Model Detail .................................................................................... 27
4.1 Raw Input Files ................................................................................................. 27
4.2 Python Scripts ................................................................................................... 32
4.3 Raw Output Files .............................................................................................. 35
5 Using RESOLVE Outputs in Other Models ................................................... 39
Disclaimer
The core of the RESOLVE model is written in the Python scripting language. This model
was created by E3 and was adapted for use in the CPUC’s Integrated Resource Planning
proceeding under the administration of CPUC’s Energy Division. The E3 RESOLVE Model
is free software under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published
by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
later version.
The CPUC is distributing the RESOLVE model in the hope that it will be useful, however:
NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, IMPLIED, EXPRESSED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS,
TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND FREEDOM FROM
COMPUTER VIRUS, IS GIVEN WITH RESPECT TO THE RESOLVE SOFTWARE INCLUDING ITS
PYTHON SCRIPTS, THE WEB PAGE HOSTING THE RESOLVE SOFTWARE OR HYPERLINKS
TO OTHER INTERNET RESOURCES.
References or links in the web site hosting the RESOLVE model to any specific commercial
products, processes, or services, or the use of any trade, firm, or corporation name are for
the information and convenience of the public, and do not constitute endorsement,
recommendation, or favoring by the CPUC, or its employees or agents. E3 and the CPUC
bear no responsibility for the consequences of any modifications to the model, including
its Python scripts, whether intentional or unintentional.
Introduction
P a g e | 1 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
1 Introduction
1.1 Overview
RESOLVE is an optimal investment and operational model designed to inform long-term planning
questions around renewables integration in systems with high penetration levels of renewable energy.
The model is formulated as a linear optimization problem. RESOLVE co-optimizes investment and
dispatch for a selected set of days over a multi-year horizon in order to identify least-cost portfolios for
meeting renewable energy targets and other system goals. RESOLVE also incorporates a representation
of neighboring regions in order to characterize transmission flows into and out of a main zone of interest
endogenously. RESOLVE can solve for the optimal investments in renewable resources, various energy
storage technologies, new gas plants, and gas plant retrofits subject to an annual constraint on delivered
renewable energy that reflects the RPS policy, an annual constraint on greenhouse gas emissions, a
capacity adequacy constraint to maintain reliability, constraints on operations that are based on a
linearized version of the unit commitment problem, as well as constraints on the ability to develop
specific renewable resources.
The purpose of this document is to provide users with the guidance needed to set up and run RESOLVE
and to analyze the results of scenarios once they have been completed. RESOLVE is a linear program
written in Python with Excel-based interfaces for scenario development and results processing; a
schematic of the RESOLVE environment is shown in Figure 1. While users may wish to review the raw
input and output files and Python scripts that constitute the core of RESOLVE, the RESOLVE package is
designed to allow users to run scenarios and analyze results using only the Excel-based user interfaces
for developing scenarios and viewing results.
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 2 |
Figure 1. Schematic of RESOLVE modeling environment.
The individual components of the RESOLVE modeling environment are described below:
RESOLVE’s User Interface (“UI”) is an Excel workbook that includes a scenario management
dashboard and additional worksheets with key inputs to the model. The User Interface provides
users with a simple interface to develop and run scenarios through RESOLVE. After setting up
RESOLVE (see Section 2), users can begin running scenarios directly from the User Interface.
When a scenario is run from the User Interface, RESOLVE will first create a set of Input Files in
.tab format. While RESOLVE users need not manipulate or review these files directly, the
contents of these files are described in Section 3.2 for users interested in reviewing these files.
Next, the Input Files will be read into RESOLVE, a linear program written in the Python
programming language. Based on the assumptions specified in the User Interface, RESOLVE will
identify an optimal portfolio of investments across the time horizon of the analysis.
After solving the linear program, RESOLVE writes outputs to a series of raw Output Files in .csv
format.
The Results Viewer, an Excel workbook, is the main interface through which users may review
results of a completed RESOLVE run. This workbook can be used to import and view summaries
of the raw Output Files for a specific model. Section 3.2 provides a summary of functionality
included in the Results Viewer.
Introduction
P a g e | 3 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
Additionally, the Dispatch Viewer, also in Excel, is a supplementary tool that can be used to
examine the results of RESOLVE’s internal production simulation model in detail. Because of the
size of raw output files related to hourly dispatch modeling, this workbook is separate from the
main Results Viewer. Section 3.3 provides an overview of how to use the Dispatch Viewer to
examine dispatch results.
With each model run, RESOLVE also produces a set of PCM Input Files in .csv format. These
summary files, which include both input assumptions and RESOLVE outputs, are intended to
facilitate the transfer of a complete RESOLVE case to other production simulation modeling
platforms such as PLEXOS, AURORAxmp, or GridView. The contents of the PCM Input Files are
described in Section 5.
If the user is merely interested in reviewing inputs and outputs to the pre-built RESOLVE scenarios, the
User Interface, Results Viewer, and Dispatch Viewer provide can be used directly in Excel without
installing Python or setting up RESOLVE.
1.2 Contents
The remainder of this document is organized as follows.
Section 2 (RESOLVE Set-Up) is a prerequisite for anyone planning to run RESOLVE. It describes
the system requirements for running RESOLVE and the set-up process.
Section Error! Reference source not found. (Running Scenarios in RESOLVE) provides a quick
overview of the Excel-based User Interface and Results Viewers. For users seeking only to run
RESOLVE cases and view model outputs, this section provides the necessary background to do
so.
For RESOLVE users wishing to review and/or examine the core of RESOLVE (text-based input &
output files and Python-based linear program), Section Error! Reference source not found.
(RESOLVE Model Detail) provides a summary of the contents of the raw inputs and outputs as
well as the scripts that make up RESOLVE.
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 4 |
For users seeking to adapt RESOLVE results to other modeling platforms for additional analysis,
Section 5 (Using RESOLVE Outputs in Other Models) describes the contents of RESOLVE’s PCM
Input Files package.
RESOLVE Set-Up
P a g e | 5 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
2 RESOLVE Set-Up
2.1 System Requirements
Operating System: RESOLVE has been tested on both Windows and Ubuntu. It is likely that Mac OS X will
also be able to run RESOLVE.
Python: install Anaconda or another Python distribution. RESOLVE is currently written in Python version
2.x (as opposed to Python 3.x). E3 currently uses Python version 2.7.9 (64-bit). Compatibility with Python
version 3.x has not been verified. Installing a stand-alone version of Python (as opposed to installing
Anaconda or similar distribution) is not recommended because Resolve depends on other libraries that are
installed with Anaconda.
Pyomo: Pyomo can be installed on the command line by opening cmd.exe from the Start Menu and
running pip install pyomo. E3 currently uses Pyomo version 4.3 or 5.1.1. The version of Pyomo
installed on your system can be found by running on the command line pyomo --version.
Solver: CBC (a free, open-source solver) can be installed on any platform. A 64-bit version of CBC should be
installed.
For CBC on Windows, the 64-bit version of CBC is available as a stand-alone executable on the AMPL
website. Download cbc-win64.zip, unzip, and move the executable (cbc.exe) to a folder of your choosing.
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 6 |
The final step is to add the folder in which cbc.exe resides to your PATH system variable, which can be
done by following these instructions. E3 has tested CBC version 2.9.7 (64-bit) on Windows 7.
For CBC on Linux or Mac OS X, install the latest version of the COIN-OR Optimization Suite.
If the user has a license, RESOLVE can also employ many common commercially available solvers, many of
which may give faster solution times than CBC. The solver Gurobi has been extensively tested by E3.
2.2 RESOLVE Set-Up
Once you have downloaded the RESOLVE code, you should see the following directories and files in
yourdirectory:
inputs: directory that contains scenario directories with input files for each scenario
resolve_code: directory that contains the RESOLVE python scripts
.gitignore: text file with directories and files to be ignored by Git (version control software)
results: directory containing results directories for each scenario – will be created
automatically upon running RESOLVE.
results_summaries: directory containing results summaries for each scenario – will be
created automatically when loading up results in the Results Viewer.
prod_cost_inputs: directory containing an output package to facilitate adaptation of
RESOLVE results in other production simulation models.
Running Scenarios in RESOLVE
P a g e | 7 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
3 Running Scenarios in RESOLVE
3.1 User Interface
The user interface (UI) is an Excel tool that allows users to create RESOLVE inputs for specific scenarios
and run RESOLVE for these scenarios. The Dashboard is the main worksheet that the user interacts with.
It allows the user to:
Run a pre-defined scenario;
Create a new scenario and run it; and
Run a batch of RESOLVE scenarios (pre-defined and/or user-defined).
Unless the user wants to change the raw input data behind any of the scenario toggles, this is the only
worksheet that the user should interact with. The other worksheets could still be useful to have a look at
the underlying data, but regular users are discouraged to change any of the underlying data itself. If the
user wants to see what data is used for a certain scenario toggle in the Dashboard, the user can go to
the appropriate data worksheet to find the associated inputs for each setting1. Note that the calculation
settings are set to manual by default, so the user should press F9 (calculate) to ensure that the formulas
and tables correctly reflect the current settings.
1 If unclear which worksheets are affected by the toggle, the “trace dependents” option in Excel might be useful
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 8 |
Figure 2. Screenshot of the Dashboard of the User Interface
3.1.1 RUNNING A PRE-DEFINED SCENARIO
The RESOLVE model comes with a set of pre-defined scenarios. The dropdown menu in cell D6 of the
Dashboard lists all pre-defined scenarios. Each scenario represents a combination of scenario settings,
shown in the Scenario Settings worksheet of the User Interface. The settings can also be loaded to the
Dashboard (see below).
The user can load and run a pre-defined using the following steps:
1. Select a scenario of interest in cell D6.
Running Scenarios in RESOLVE
P a g e | 9 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
2. [Optional] Load the scenario settings for the selected scenario by pressing “Load Selected
Scenario Settings”. This macro will look up the relevant scenario settings from the Scenario
Settings worksheet, and copy paste them into the settings shown on the Dashboard. This step
allows the user to review the settings before running the scenario. The user can decide to skip
this step and simply run the model directly after selecting the scenario (see below).
3. Run the RESOLVE model for the selected scenario by pressing “Run Selected Scenario”. This
macro will run the RESOLVE model for the selected scenario. Note that before running RESOLVE,
this macro will save a set of RESOLVE input files (.tab) in a subdirectory of the inputs directory,
named after the scenario name. This requires recalculation of the spreadsheet and rerunning
the capital cost macro, which could take several minutes and slow down the user’s computer.
Once the input files are made, an external command prompt window will pop up through which
the model is run. Once the command window pops open, a RESOLVE run can take anywhere
from 20 minutes to a few hours, depending on the specific scenario being run and which solver
is being used.
Figure 3. Dashboard options for running a pre-defined scenario.
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 10 |
3.1.2 CREATING A NEW SCENARIO
Advanced users may wish to create and run new scenarios, rather than running pre-defined scenarios.
This can be done by interacting with the Scenario Settings section of the Dashboard. The steps are as
follows:
1. Select and load a scenario of interest (for instructions, see above)
2. Customize the input toggles in the Advanced Inputs section using the available drop down
menus. Note that some inputs don’t have drop downs, but rather require the user to input a
number (e.g. the discount rate).
3. [Optional] Save the new custom scenario by pressing “Save Current Inputs as New Scenario…”.
This macro prompts the user to enter a new scenario name, and saves the current toggle
settings to this user-defined scenario name. After saving the custom scenario, it will now show
up in the dropdown menu of pre-defined scenarios. Saved scenarios and their associated
settings are also shown in the “Scenario Settings” worksheet.
4. Run the new custom scenario by pressing “Run Current Inputs…”. This macro first saves the new
custom scenario through a user-prompt (see step 3), and then runs RESOLVE for this custom
scenario. Note that before running RESOLVE, this macro will save a set of RESOLVE input files
(.tab) in a subdirectory of the inputs directory, named after the scenario name. This requires
recalculation of the spreadsheet and rerunning the capital cost macro, which could take several
minutes, and might slow down the user’s computer. Once the input files are made, an external
command prompt window will pop up through which the model is run.
Running Scenarios in RESOLVE
P a g e | 11 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
Figure 4. Dashboard options for creating and running a customer scenario.
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RE
Cs.
Sp
eci
fie
d B
an
k R
ed
em
pti
on
No
Ba
nki
ng
Allo
w C
urt
ailm
en
t 0
T
his
dro
pd
ow
n c
on
tro
ls w
he
the
r cu
rta
ilme
nt
is a
llo
we
d o
r n
ot.
1
Ou
t-o
f-S
tate
Re
sou
rce
Scr
ee
n
No
ne
T
his
dro
pd
ow
n v
ari
es
the
ou
t-o
f-st
ate
(O
OS
) re
sou
rce
scr
ee
n b
ein
g u
sed
. “N
on
e”
will
dis
allo
w a
ny
ren
ew
ab
les
tha
t a
re p
hys
ica
lly
OO
S.
“Exi
stin
g T
x O
nly
” o
nly
allo
ws
RE
SO
LVE
re
sou
rce
s th
at
can
be
bro
ug
ht
in t
hro
ug
h e
xist
ing
tra
nsm
issi
on
(a
lim
ite
d a
mo
un
t o
f
No
rth
we
st a
nd
So
uth
we
st).
“E
xist
ing
& N
ew
Tx”
allo
ws
the
fo
rme
r p
lus
OO
S r
eso
urc
es
tha
t re
qu
ire
ne
w t
ran
smis
sio
n,
such
as
Wyo
min
g w
ind
. N
ote
th
at
un
de
r th
e d
efa
ult
ass
um
pti
on
s, s
om
e r
eso
urc
es
ha
ve b
ee
n m
ad
e u
na
vaila
ble
in
all
reso
urc
e s
cre
en
s.
Exi
stin
g T
x O
nly
Exi
stin
g &
Ne
w T
x
Co
sts
Fu
el P
rice
s Lo
w
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
va
rie
s th
e n
atu
ral g
as
pri
ce t
raje
cto
ry.
M
id
Hig
h
Ca
rbo
n P
rice
Lo
w
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
va
rie
s th
e c
arb
on
pri
ce t
raje
cto
ry.
M
id
Hig
h
No
ne
So
lar
PV
Co
sts
Low
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
va
rie
s th
e s
ola
r P
V c
ost
tra
ject
ory
.
Mid
Hig
h
Li-I
on
Ba
tte
ry C
ost
s Lo
w
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
va
rie
s th
e L
i-io
n b
att
ery
co
st t
raje
cto
ry.
M
id
Hig
h
Flo
w B
att
ery
Co
sts
Low
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
va
rie
s th
e f
low
ba
tte
ry c
ost
tra
ject
ory
.
Mid
Hig
h
En
ab
le I
TC
/PT
C
0
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
co
ntr
ols
wh
eth
er
the
IT
C/P
TC
is e
na
ble
d (
1)
or
no
t (0
). I
f d
isa
ble
d,
the
IT
C a
nd
PT
C w
ill e
xpir
e e
arl
y (s
ola
r IT
C w
ill
rem
ain
at
10
%).
1
R
ESO
LVE
Mo
de
l Do
cum
en
tati
on
: U
ser
Ma
nu
al
Pa
ge
| 1
4 |
Dis
cou
nt
Ra
te
(pe
rce
nta
ge
) T
his
inp
ut
sets
th
e d
isco
un
t ra
te u
sed
to
we
igh
ea
ch o
f th
e m
od
el p
eri
od
’s c
ost
s in
th
e R
ES
OLV
E o
bje
ctiv
e f
un
ctio
n.
Fin
al Y
ea
r W
eig
ht
(in
teg
er)
T
his
inp
ut
sets
th
e a
mo
un
t o
f ye
ars
th
at
the
fin
al m
od
el y
ea
r re
pre
sen
ts.
E.g
. if
it is
20
an
d t
he
fin
al p
eri
od
is
20
30
, th
e m
od
el w
ill
ass
um
e t
ha
t th
e la
st m
od
el p
eri
od
re
pre
sen
ts 2
0 y
ea
rs o
f co
sts
an
d o
pe
rati
on
s w
he
n d
ete
rmin
ing
th
at
pe
rio
d’s
we
igh
t in
th
e
ob
ject
ive
fu
nct
ion
.
Op
era
tio
ns
CA
ISO
Exp
ort
Lim
it
Low
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
va
rie
s th
e s
imu
lta
ne
ou
s e
xpo
rt l
imit
fo
r th
e C
AIS
O s
yste
m.
M
id
Hig
h
Loa
d F
ollo
win
g
Re
serv
es
33
%
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
va
rie
s th
e h
ou
rly
loa
d f
ollo
win
g r
eq
uir
em
en
ts b
ase
d o
n s
ub
ho
url
y a
na
lysi
s th
at
wa
s d
on
e o
n 3
3%
RP
S a
nd
tw
o
dif
fere
nt
50
% R
PS
po
rtfo
lio
s. 5
0%
hig
h S
ola
r (t
he
de
fau
lt)
rep
rese
nts
a s
ola
r h
ea
vy p
ort
foli
o t
ha
t w
ill h
av
e t
he
hig
he
st lo
ad
fo
llo
win
g
req
uir
em
en
ts d
uri
ng
th
e m
orn
ing
an
d e
ven
ing
wh
en
so
lar
pro
du
ctio
ns
rise
an
d f
alls
.
50
% H
igh
So
lar
50
% D
ive
rse
Ma
x F
ract
ion
of
Loa
d
Fo
llow
ing
Do
wn
Me
t
by
Re
ne
wa
ble
s
(pe
rce
nta
ge
) T
his
inp
ut
sets
wh
at
ma
xim
um
fra
ctio
n o
f th
e l
oa
d f
ollo
win
g d
ow
n r
eq
uir
em
en
t ca
n b
e m
et
by
ren
ew
ab
les.
Re
ne
wa
ble
s ca
n
the
ore
tica
lly
pro
vid
e lo
ad
fo
llo
win
g d
ow
n v
ery
ch
ea
ply
by
be
ing
cu
rta
iled
on
th
e s
ub
ho
url
y le
vel.
Min
Ge
n C
om
mit
me
nt
(MW
)
(in
teg
er)
T
his
inp
ut
sets
th
e m
inim
um
am
ou
nt
of
elig
ible
th
erm
al g
en
era
tio
n (
MW
) th
at
mu
st b
e o
nlin
e a
t a
ll ti
me
s to
ma
inta
in s
yste
m
sta
bili
ty.
Oth
er
Inp
uts
Loca
l Ca
pa
city
Ne
ed
s Lo
w
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
va
rie
s th
e lo
cal c
ap
aci
ty n
ee
ds.
Lo
cal c
ap
aci
ty r
ep
rese
nts
ca
pa
city
re
qu
ire
me
nts
th
at
are
no
t ca
ptu
red
by
the
sys
tem
-
wid
e P
RM
ta
rge
t d
ue
to
lo
cal c
on
stra
ints
, e
.g.
the
L.A
. b
asi
n.
M
id
Hig
h
Co
al F
lexi
bili
ty
Dis
pa
tch
ab
le
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
va
rie
s w
he
the
r co
al i
s a
dis
pa
tch
ab
le r
eso
urc
e t
ha
t ca
n b
e t
urn
ed
off
, o
r a
mu
st-r
un
re
sou
rce
.
Mu
st-R
un
Sto
rag
e M
an
da
te
No
ne
T
his
dro
pd
ow
n v
ari
es
the
am
ou
nt
of
ba
tte
rie
s p
rese
nt
in t
he
ba
seli
ne
du
e t
o t
he
sto
rag
e m
an
da
te f
rom
ze
ro (
“No
ne
”) t
o 1
,82
5 M
W
by
20
20
.
1,3
25
MW
by
20
20
1,8
25
MW
by
20
20
Allo
w P
um
pe
d S
tora
ge
0
T
his
dro
pd
ow
n c
on
tro
ls w
he
the
r n
ew
pu
mp
ed
sto
rag
e b
uild
is a
llow
ed
(1
) o
r n
ot
(0).
1
Allo
w B
att
ery
Sto
rag
e
0
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
co
ntr
ols
wh
eth
er
ne
w b
att
ery
sto
rag
e b
uild
is a
llo
we
d (
1)
or
no
t (0
).
1
Allo
w G
as
Bu
ild
0
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
co
ntr
ols
wh
eth
er
ne
w g
as
cap
aci
ty b
uild
is
all
ow
ed
(1
) o
r n
ot
(01
).
1
Dia
blo
1 R
eti
rem
en
t (d
ate
) T
his
inp
ut
allo
ws
the
use
r to
se
t th
e r
eti
rem
en
t d
ate
fo
r D
iab
lo U
nit
1.
Dia
blo
2 R
eti
rem
en
t (d
ate
) T
his
inp
ut
allo
ws
the
use
r to
se
t th
e r
eti
rem
en
t d
ate
fo
r D
iab
lo U
nit
2.
Ga
s R
eti
rem
en
t (e
xcl.
CH
P)
No
ea
rly
reti
rem
en
t
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
allo
ws
the
use
r to
se
t a
n e
arl
y re
tire
me
nt
da
te f
or
all
ga
s p
lan
ts e
xce
pt
for
the
CH
P u
nit
s. “
Re
tire
me
nt
aft
er
xx y
ea
rs”
will
re
tire
all
ga
s u
nit
s xx
ye
ars
aft
er
the
ir C
OD
da
te r
ep
ort
ed
in t
he
CA
ISO
ge
ne
rato
r lis
t.
Re
tire
me
nt
aft
er
20
ye
ars
Re
tire
me
nt
aft
er
25
ye
ars
Re
tire
me
nt
aft
er
30
ye
ars
CH
P R
eti
rem
en
t N
o e
arl
y re
tire
me
nt
Th
is d
rop
do
wn
allo
ws
the
use
r to
se
t a
n e
arl
y re
tire
me
nt
da
te a
ll C
HP
un
its.
“R
eti
rem
en
t a
fte
r xx
ye
ars
” w
ill r
eti
re a
ll C
HP
un
its
xx
yea
rs a
fte
r th
eir
CO
D d
ate
re
po
rte
d i
n t
he
CA
ISO
ge
ne
rato
r lis
t.
Re
tire
me
nt
aft
er
20
ye
ars
Re
tire
me
nt
aft
er
25
ye
ars
Re
tire
me
nt
aft
er
30
ye
ars
Sp
eci
fie
d R
eso
urc
es
Ru
nn
ing
Sce
na
rio
s in
RE
SOLV
E
Pa
ge
| 1
5 |
© 2
01
7 E
ne
rgy
an
d E
nvi
ron
me
nta
l Eco
no
mic
s, I
nc.
Re
sou
rce
ID
Wit
h t
his
inp
ut
the
use
r ca
n f
orc
e i
n a
sp
eci
fic
RE
SO
LVE
re
sou
rce
fro
m t
he
dro
p d
ow
n m
en
u.
Th
is r
eso
urc
e w
ill b
e b
uilt
re
ga
rdle
ss o
f
wh
eth
er
it i
s o
pti
ma
l.
Qu
an
tity
(M
W)
(in
teg
er)
T
his
inp
ut
sets
th
e q
ua
nti
ty (
MW
) th
at
of
the
se
lect
ed
re
sou
rce
th
at
the
use
r w
an
ts t
o f
orc
e.
Ye
ar
(ye
ar)
T
his
inp
ut
de
sig
na
tes
in w
hic
h y
ea
r th
e f
orc
ed
in
re
sou
rce
sh
ou
ld b
e b
uilt
.
Sim
ula
tio
n Y
ea
rs
20
15
-20
50
0
T
his
inp
ut
allo
ws
the
use
r to
ch
an
ge
th
e p
eri
od
s th
at
are
mo
de
led
. T
he
de
fau
lt is
20
18
, 2
02
2,
20
26
, a
nd
20
30
.
1
No
te:
furt
he
r b
ack
gro
un
d
info
rma
tio
n
on
e
ach
to
ggle
ca
n
be
fo
un
d
in
the
“R
ESO
LVE
M
od
el
Do
cum
en
tati
on
: In
pu
ts
&
Ass
um
pti
on
s.”
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 16 |
3.1.3 RUNNING A BATCH OF SCENARIOS
The Batch Run module on the Dashboard allows users to run a batch of many scenarios at once. This can
be useful if a user wants to run many scenarios and does not want to wait for a scenario to finish before
running another scenario.
To run a batch of cases, follow the steps below:
1. [Optional] Create and save custom scenarios. See section 3.1.1 for instructions.
2. Refresh the list of saved scenarios by pressing “Refresh Saved Scenarios List”. This macro lists all
scenarios, both pre-defined and custom, that are present in the “Scenario Settings” worksheet.
Note that the user first needs to save a custom scenario (see Section 3.1.2) for it to show up
here.
3. [Optional] If necessary, remove any scenarios you don’t want to run from the “Scenarios to Be
Run” list by using the “Remove Selected Scenario(s)” or “Remove All” Button.
a. The “Remove Selected Scenario(s)” macro will remove the selected scenario from the
list of scenarios listed under “Scenarios to be Run”. Note that in this context, selected
scenario means the cell that is selected within the “Saved Scenarios Menu” box (not the
value in cell D6). If a cell outside of this box is selected, a warning will pop up and the
macro will stop.
b. The “Remove All” macro will remove all scenarios listed under “Scenarios to Be Run”.
4. Add scenarios of interest to the “Scenarios to Be Run” list using the “Add Selected Scenario(s)”
or “Add All” buttons.
a. The “Add Selected Scenario(s)” macro will add the selected scenario to the list of
scenarios listed under “Scenarios to be Run”. Note that in this context, selected scenario
means the cell that is selected within the “Saved Scenarios Menu” box (not the value in
Running Scenarios in RESOLVE
P a g e | 17 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
cell D6). If a cell outside of this box is selected, a warning will pop up and the macro will
stop.
b. The “Add All” macro will add all scenarios listed under “Saved Scenarios” to the list of
scenarios listed under “Scenarios to Be Run”.
5. Run RESOLVE for all selected scenarios by pressing “Run Scenario Batch”. This macro will run
the RESOLVE model for each of the scenarios listed under “Scenarios to Be Run”. The macro will
first loop through each of the scenarios and create the RESOLVE input files (.tab). As discussed
earlier, this step could take a long time and slow down the user’s computer significantly. Once
all RESOLVE inputs are created, the model will run the cases in series through a command
prompt window.
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 18 |
Figure 5. Dashboard options for running a batch of scenarios.
Running Scenarios in RESOLVE
P a g e | 19 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
3.1.4 DATA WORKSHEETS
The data worksheets show the underlying input data for each of the input toggles. The data input
worksheets are grouped by their respective overarching theme (SYS = System, Loads, REN = Renewables,
CONV = Conventional Generation, HYD = Hydro, STOR = Storage, DR = Demand Response, and Costs).
In these worksheets the following color-coding is used:
Yellow-shaded cells are raw inputs. These can be changed by the user, although it is advised to
keep the default inputs, and choose from any of the existing options through the scenario
toggles in the Controls tab.
Grey-shaded cells are intermediate calculations and should not be changed by the users.
Light-blue shaded cells show the data that is currently active, depending on the settings in the
Controls worksheet. E.g. if there is a “Mid”, “Low”, and “High” fuel cost trajectory (yellow-
shaded cells), and the user has selected the “Low” option for fuel costs in the Dashboard, the
light-blue-shaded cells will show the “Low” fuel costs (note that the user might have to
recalculate the worksheet).
Light-green shaded cells are typically the derived, final inputs that will go into RESOLVE.
Additional documentation of the contents of the data worksheets in the User Interface can be found in
the “RESOLVE Model Documentation: Inputs & Assumptions.”
3.2 Results Viewer
The Results Viewer allows the user to look at the summary results of a scenario of interest. It contains
five (groups of) worksheets: Dashboard, Portfolio Analytics, Scenario Comparison, Raw Summary
Results, and Lists.
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 20 |
3.2.1 DASHBOARD
The Dashboard worksheet is the main worksheet the user will interact with to look at the results of a
single scenario.
Figure 6. Results Viewer Dashboard
The Dashboard contains the following macro buttons:
The “Refresh List of Scenarios” macro lists all subdirectories that exist in the results directory.
Note that the existence of a scenario subdirectory typically means that there are results
available, but there are cases when there’s not, such as when a RESOLVE run is interrupted mid-
run. In that case, a results folder will be created for that run, but no results will be available yet.
After selecting one of the scenarios from the list under “Scenarios with Results”, the “Retrieve
Results of Selected Scenario” macro will load all summary results files into the appropriate
worksheets (named raw_ + file name) for the selected scenario.
Note that a common cause of errors is the fso.GetFolder() function in the VBA macro. If this function
raises an error, go to Tools > References > find and tick 'Microsoft Scripting Runtime'.
Running Scenarios in RESOLVE
P a g e | 21 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
The Dashboard worksheet also contains key summary results for the CAISO zone, such as the total
selected (i.e. chosen by RESOLVE) solar buildout, storage buildout etc. The worksheet also includes
graphs on the right side of some of the tables.
The year columns are grouped using Excel’s grouping functionality (see Data > Outline > Group), and can
be expanded and minimized by clicking on the “+” or “-“ signs in the columns sidebar, or by clicking on
the numbers (1,2) on the top left of the spreadsheet. Please note that expanding the grouped columns
will interfere with the formatting of these charts. If the user has created a RESOLVE scenario that looks
at a different set of years than the default case (2018, 2022, 2026, 2030), the “Regroup Columns” macro
will regroup the columns to show the representative set of years.
3.2.2 PORTFOLIO ANALYTICS
This worksheet contains more detailed summary tables that are pulled from the raw summary results
worksheets, and processed where necessary.
The results are grouped using Excel’s grouping functionality (see Data > Outline > Group), and can be
expanded and minimized by clicking on the “+” or “-“ signs in the rows/columns sidebar, or by clicking
on the numbers (1,2) on the top left of the spreadsheet. If the user has created a RESOLVE scenario that
looks at a different set of years than the default case (2018,2022,2026,2030), the “Regroup Columns”
macro will regroup the columns to show the representative set of years.
The cells in this worksheet are color-coded as follows:
Light-grey shaded cells contain data that is pulled from the raw results worksheets
Dark-grey shaded cells contain data that is linked to other data in the Portfolio Analytics
spreadsheet.
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 22 |
3.2.3 SCENARIO COMPARISON
This worksheet is set up so the user can easily compare summary results of multiple scenarios. It allows
the user to select scenarios of interest and to compare the summary results of these scenarios for a year
of interest. The summary results are the same as those shown on the Dashboard for an individual
scenario.
Figure 7. Results Viewer - Scenario Comparison Worksheet
To compare a set of scenarios, follow the steps below:
1. Refresh the list of available scenarios by pressing “Refresh List of Scenarios”. This macro lists all
subdirectories that exist in the results directory. Note that the existence of a scenario
subdirectory typically means that there are results available, but there are cases when there’s
not, such as when a RESOLVE run is interrupted mid-run. In that case, a results folder will be
created for that run, but no results will be available yet.
2. [Optional] If necessary, remove any scenarios you don’t want to compare from the “Scenarios to
Compare” list by using the “Remove Selected” or “Remove All” Button.
Running Scenarios in RESOLVE
P a g e | 23 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
a. The “Remove Selected” macro will remove the selected scenario from the list of
scenarios listed under “Scenarios to Compare”. Note that in this context, selected
scenario means the cell that is selected within the “Scenarios to Compare”. If a cell
outside of this box is selected, a warning will pop up and the macro will stop.
b. The “Remove All” macro will remove all scenarios listed under “Scenarios to Compare”.
3. Add scenarios of interest to the “Scenarios to Compare” list using the “Add Selected” or “Add
All” buttons.
a. The “Add Selected” macro will add the selected scenario to the list of scenarios listed
under “Scenarios to Compare”. Note that in this context, selected scenario means the
cell that is selected within the “Saved Scenarios Menu” box (not the value in cell D8). If a
cell outside of this box is selected, a warning will pop up and the macro will stop.
b. The “Add All” macro will add all scenarios listed under “Saved Scenarios” to the list of
scenarios listed under “Scenarios to Compare”.
4. Select a year of interest in cell I8 (shaded yellow). Please ensure that this is a year for which
there are RESOLVE results.
5. Compare all selected scenarios by pressing the “Compare” macro button. This macro will load
the summary results for each of the scenarios listed under “Scenarios to Compare” to the
Dashboard, and then copy the results for the year of interest to the Scenario Comparison table.
If you are comparing a lot of results, this might take a few minutes, as the “Retrieve Results of
Selected Scenario” macro on the Dashboard will be called upon many times in a row.
3.2.4 RAW SUMMARY RESULTS
The set of worksheets that start with “raw_” contain a copy of the raw summary results files for the
scenario of interest. Whenever the macro “Retrieve Results for Selected Scenario” is run, these
worksheets are updated.
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 24 |
3.2.5 LISTS
This worksheet contains a set of lists to support the functions in this workbook. The user should not
change anything in this worksheet.
3.3 Dispatch Viewer
The Dispatch Viewer is a tool to easily look at the dispatch results of a scenario of interest. It contains 4
(groups of) worksheets: Dashboard, Curtailment, Transmission, Raw Dispatch Results, and Lists.
3.3.1 DASHBOARD
The Dashboard is the main worksheet the user will interact with. It contains the following macro
buttons:
The “Refresh List of Scenarios” button lists all subdirectories that exist in the results directory.
Note that the existence of a scenario subdirectory typically means that there are results
available, but there are cases when this is not the case, such as when a RESOLVE run is
interrupted mid-run. In that case, a results folder will be created for that run, but no results will
be available yet.
After selecting one of the scenarios from the list under “Scenarios with Results”, the “Retrieve
Results of Selected Scenario” button will load all dispatch results files (which are found in the
dispatch subdirectory of the summary directory) into the appropriate worksheets (named raw_
+ file name) for the selected scenario.
Note that a common cause of errors is the fso.GetFolder() function in the VBA macro. If this function
throws an error, open the VBA editor, go to Tools > References, and find and tick 'Microsoft Scripting
Runtime'.
Running Scenarios in RESOLVE
P a g e | 25 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
Figure 8. Dispatch Viewer Dashboard
After loading a scenario, the user can pick any year or day (between 1-37) of interest and view the
dispatch of each of the zones by pressing F9 (this will recalculate the worksheet). The battery dispatch in
CAISO is also shown at the bottom of the worksheet. The grey areas above and below the net dispatch
represent the upward and downward reserves that are offered. Please note that updating the
calculations can take up to a minute, as the raw_operations_by_zone_tech_tmp worksheet is very large.
RESOLVE Model Documentation: User Manual
P a g e | 26 |
Exports and/or flexible EV charging are shown by plotting both the load, and load + flex EVs + exports as
two lines. Anything between the load line and the load + flex EVs + exports line are exports and/or
flexible EV charging.
3.3.2 RAW DISPATCH RESULTS
The set of worksheets that start with “raw_” contain a copy of the raw dispatch results files for the
scenario of interest. Whenever the macro “Retrieve Results for Selected Scenario” is run, these
worksheets are updated.
3.3.3 LISTS
This lists worksheet contains a set of lists to support the functions in this workbook. The user should not
change anything in this worksheet.
RESOLVE Model Detail
P a g e | 27 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
4 RESOLVE Model Detail
After RESOLVE has been run, a set of raw output files will be created in the appropriate subdirectory
(named after the scenario name) of the results directory. E3 has created a results viewer as well as a
dispatch viewer to support analysis of the model results. Advanced users may also review results
provided in the raw output files directly and do their own analysis.
4.1 Raw Input Files
When the user selects and runs a scenario from the User Interface, RESOLVE will generate a series of
text-based input files for the linear program. While running RESOLVE does not require users to
manipulate these files directly, users may wish to review their contents and structure. Each of the input
files to RESOLVE is described in Table 2.
R
ESO
LVE
Mo
de
l Do
cum
en
tati
on
: U
ser
Ma
nu
al
Pa
ge
| 2
8 |
Ta
ble
2.
RE
SO
LVE
ra
w i
np
ut
file
s
Inp
ut
Fil
e
De
scri
pti
on
cap
aci
ty_
lim
its.
tab
T
he
ma
xim
um
ca
pa
city
of
ea
ch r
eso
urc
e t
ha
t ca
n b
e b
uilt
in
ea
ch p
eri
od
. R
eso
urc
es
tha
t d
o n
ot
ha
ve c
ap
aci
ty
limit
s e
nfo
rce
d a
re n
ot
incl
ud
ed
.
cap
aci
ty_
lim
its_
loca
l.ta
b
Th
e m
axi
mu
m c
ap
aci
ty o
f e
ach
re
sou
rce
th
at
can
be
bu
ilt in
ea
ch p
eri
od
, sp
eci
fica
lly in
loca
l ca
pa
city
are
as.
con
ve
nti
on
al_
dr_
pe
rio
d_
lim
its.
tab
T
he
ma
xim
um
am
ou
nt
of
en
erg
y th
at
can
be
dis
pa
tch
ed
(sh
ed
) a
nn
ua
lly f
rom
co
nve
nti
on
al
de
ma
nd
re
spo
nse
reso
urc
es
in t
he
ma
in z
on
e.
curt
ailm
en
t_in
_o
the
r_zo
ne
s.ta
b
Th
e m
axi
mu
m c
urt
ailm
en
t a
llow
ed
in e
ach
zo
ne
oth
er
tha
n t
he
ma
in z
on
e b
y ti
me
po
int.
da
y_
we
igh
ts.t
ab
T
he
we
igh
t a
sso
cia
ted
wit
h e
ach
da
y in
RE
SOLV
E;
sho
uld
su
m u
p t
o 3
65
.
elc
c_su
rfa
ce.t
ab
E
ffe
ctiv
e lo
ad
ca
rryi
ng
cap
ab
ility
(E
LCC
) su
rfa
ce f
ace
t co
eff
icie
nts
fo
r w
ind
an
d s
ola
r p
ow
er.
ev_
pa
ram
s.ta
b
Th
e c
ha
rgin
g e
ffic
ien
cy o
f e
ach
EV
fle
et.
ev_
pe
rio
d_
pa
ram
s.ta
b
Th
e t
ota
l b
att
ery
ca
pa
city
of
ea
ch E
V f
lee
t in
ea
ch p
eri
od
, a
nd
th
e m
inim
um
en
erg
y th
at
mu
st a
lwa
ys b
e a
vaila
ble
in e
ach
fle
et’
s b
att
ery
.
ev_
tim
ep
oin
t_p
ara
ms.
tab
T
he
am
ou
nt
of
de
ma
nd
fro
m e
ach
EV
fle
et
in e
ach
tim
ep
oin
t.
fle
xib
le_
loa
d_
cap
aci
ty_
pe
rio
d_
pa
ram
s.ta
b
Fle
xib
le lo
ad
(sh
ift)
min
imu
m a
nd
ma
xim
um
re
sou
rce
po
ten
tia
l lim
its
for
ea
ch p
eri
od
.
fle
xib
le_
loa
d_
cost
_cu
rve
.ta
b
Fle
xib
le lo
ad
(sh
ift)
su
pp
ly c
urv
e f
or
ea
ch p
eri
od
.
fle
xib
le_
loa
d_
cost
_cu
rve
_in
de
x.ta
b
Ind
ice
s th
at
de
fin
e e
ach
bre
akp
oin
t in
th
e f
lexi
ble
loa
d (
shif
t) s
up
ply
cu
rve
.
fle
xib
le_
loa
d_
tim
ep
oin
t_p
ara
ms.
tab
T
he
am
ou
nt
of
loa
d t
ha
t ca
n b
e s
hif
ted
up
or
do
wn
in
ea
ch t
ime
po
int
as
a f
ract
ion
of
the
to
tal
da
ily f
lexi
ble
lo
ad
po
ten
tia
l.
fue
l_p
rice
s.ta
b
Th
e p
rice
of
ea
ch f
ue
l by
pe
rio
d a
nd
mo
nth
.
fue
ls.t
ab
D
efi
ne
s th
e s
et
of
fue
ls a
nd
th
e c
arb
on
co
nte
nt
of
ea
ch f
ue
l.
RE
SOLV
E M
od
el D
eta
il
Pa
ge
| 2
9 |
© 2
01
7 E
ne
rgy
an
d E
nvi
ron
me
nta
l Eco
no
mic
s, I
nc.
Inp
ut
Fil
e
De
scri
pti
on
gh
g_
imp
ort
_ra
tes.
tab
T
he
ass
um
ed
gre
en
ho
use
ga
s (G
HG
) e
mis
sio
ns
inte
nsi
ty r
esu
ltin
g fr
om
im
po
rts
into
th
e m
ain
zo
ne
in
ea
ch p
eri
od
for
ea
ch t
ran
smis
sio
n li
ne
.
gh
g_
targ
ets
.ta
b
GH
G t
arg
ets
fo
r th
e m
ain
zo
ne
in e
ach
pe
rio
d.
hu
rdle
_ra
tes.
tab
H
urd
le r
ate
s (c
ost
pe
r M
W o
f e
ne
rgy
flo
w)
on
ea
ch t
ran
smis
sio
n li
ne
by
pe
rio
d f
or
bo
th f
low
dir
ect
ion
s.
hyd
ro_
da
ily_
pa
ram
s.ta
b
Th
e d
aily
en
erg
y b
ud
ge
t, m
inim
um
ge
ne
rati
on
le
vel,
an
d m
axi
mu
m g
en
era
tio
n l
eve
l fo
r e
ach
hyd
ro r
eso
urc
e a
nd
ea
ch d
ay.
hyd
ro_
ram
ps.
tab
T
he
lim
its
on
hyd
ro r
am
ps
for
ea
ch r
am
p d
ura
tio
n f
or
the
ma
in z
on
e h
ydro
re
sou
rce
.
hyd
rog
en
_e
lect
roly
sis_
da
ily_
pa
ram
s T
he
min
imu
m h
ou
rly
hyd
rog
en
loa
d a
nd
da
ily a
vera
ge
hyd
roge
n lo
ad
fo
r th
e m
ain
zo
ne
fo
r e
ach
da
y.
Hyd
rog
en
_e
lect
roly
sis_
pe
rio
d_
pa
ram
s T
he
hyd
rog
en
ele
ctro
lysi
s in
sta
lled
ca
pa
city
fo
r e
ach
pe
rio
d.
ma
inte
na
nce
_sc
he
du
les.
tab
T
he
ma
inte
na
nce
de
rate
fra
ctio
n (
1 i
s fu
lly a
vaila
ble
, 0
is
com
ple
tely
un
ava
ilab
le)
for
ea
ch d
ay
for
ea
ch r
eso
urc
e
tha
t h
as
a s
pe
cifi
ed
ma
inte
na
nce
sch
ed
ule
.
min
_cu
mu
lati
ve
_n
ew
_b
uild
.ta
b
Th
e m
inim
um
am
ou
nt
of
ne
w c
ap
aci
ty o
f e
ach
re
sou
rce
th
at
mu
st b
e b
uilt
th
rou
gh e
ach
pe
rio
d.
Th
e c
ost
of
bu
ildin
g th
ese
re
sou
rce
s is
no
t a
ssu
me
d t
o b
e s
un
k (i
n c
on
tra
st t
o p
lan
ne
d_
inst
alle
d_
cap
aci
tie
s.ta
b)
pe
rio
d_
dis
cou
nt_
fact
ors
.ta
b
Th
e w
eig
ht/
dis
cou
nt
fact
or
ap
plie
d t
o c
ost
s o
ccu
rrin
g in
ea
ch p
eri
od
, an
d t
he
nu
mb
er
of
yea
rs r
ep
rese
nte
d b
y e
ach
pe
rio
d.
pla
nn
ed
_in
sta
lle
d_
cap
aci
tie
s.ta
b
Th
e p
lan
ne
d in
sta
lled
ca
pa
city
of
ea
ch r
eso
urc
e in
ea
ch p
eri
od
. T
he
co
st o
f ca
pa
city
incl
ud
ed
he
re is
ass
um
ed
to
be
sun
k a
nd
co
nse
qu
en
tly
is n
ot
incl
ud
ed
in t
he
op
tim
iza
tio
n.
pla
nn
ed
_st
ora
ge
_e
ne
rgy_
cap
aci
ty.t
ab
T
he
pla
nn
ed
inst
alle
d e
ne
rgy
cap
aci
ty o
f e
ach
sto
rag
e r
eso
urc
e in
ea
ch p
eri
od
.
pla
nn
ing
_re
serv
e_
ma
rgin
.ta
b
Th
e p
lan
nin
g re
serv
e m
arg
in t
arg
et
for
the
ma
in z
on
e i
n e
ach
pe
rio
d,
an
d o
the
r q
ua
nti
tie
s re
late
d t
o t
he
pla
nn
ing
rese
rve
ma
rgin
. Als
o in
clu
de
d is
th
e a
mo
un
t o
f ca
pa
city
ne
ed
ed
in lo
cal a
rea
s w
ith
in t
he
ma
in z
on
e in
ea
ch p
eri
od
.
refl
ex_
con
stra
ints
.ta
b
Th
e s
lop
e a
nd
inte
rce
pt
of
ea
ch f
ace
t o
f th
e s
urf
ace
by
pe
rio
d f
or
the
ma
in z
on
e.
refl
ex_
face
ts.t
ab
In
dic
es
for
ea
ch o
f th
e R
EFL
EX
fa
cets
.
ren
ew
ab
le_
targ
ets
.ta
b
Th
e R
PS
targ
et
in t
he
ma
in z
on
e b
y p
eri
od
(in
MW
h).
reso
urc
e_
firm
_ca
pa
city
_p
rm.t
ab
T
he
ne
t q
ua
lifyi
ng
cap
aci
ty (
NQ
C)
fra
ctio
n f
or
firm
ca
pa
city
re
sou
rce
s.
R
ESO
LVE
Mo
de
l Do
cum
en
tati
on
: U
ser
Ma
nu
al
Pa
ge
| 3
0 |
Inp
ut
Fil
e
De
scri
pti
on
reso
urc
e_
tx_
zon
es.
tab
T
he
tra
nsm
issi
on
zo
ne
fo
r n
ew
ly b
uild
ab
le r
en
ew
ab
le r
eso
urc
es.
Als
o s
pe
cifi
es
wh
eth
er
the
re
sou
rce
is
loca
ted
insi
de
or
ou
tsid
e o
f th
e m
ain
zo
ne
.
reso
urc
e_
va
ria
ble
_re
ne
wa
ble
Fl
ag
s in
dic
ati
ng
wh
ich
va
ria
ble
re
ne
wa
ble
re
sou
rce
s a
re c
urt
aila
ble
.
reso
urc
e_
va
ria
ble
_re
ne
wa
ble
_p
rm.t
ab
P
ara
me
ters
re
late
d t
o v
ari
ab
le r
en
ew
ab
le r
eso
urc
e p
art
icip
ati
on
in
th
e p
lan
nin
g re
serv
e m
arg
in a
nd
lo
cal
cap
aci
ty
con
stra
ints
.
reso
urc
e_
vin
tag
e_
pa
ram
s.ta
b
Th
e a
nn
ua
l fix
ed
co
st p
er
un
it o
f ca
pa
city
($
/kW
-yr)
by
reso
urc
e (
ne
w b
uild
re
sou
rce
s o
nly
) a
nd
vin
tage
.
reso
urc
e_
vin
tag
e_
sto
rag
e_
pa
ram
s.ta
b
Th
e a
nn
ua
l fix
ed
co
st o
f p
er
un
it o
f e
ne
rgy
cap
aci
ty (
$/k
Wh
-yr)
fo
r st
ora
ge
re
sou
rce
s b
y vi
nta
ge.
reso
urc
es.
tab
A
ll re
sou
rce
s w
ith
th
eir
te
chn
olo
gy,
zon
e,
an
d c
on
tra
ct a
s w
ell
as
fla
gs
for
wh
eth
er
ne
w c
ap
aci
ty c
an
be
bu
ilt a
t th
e
reso
urc
e,
wh
eth
er
the
re
sou
rce
ca
n b
e r
etr
ofi
tte
d o
r re
pre
sen
ts a
re
tro
fitt
ed
re
sou
rce
, w
he
the
r th
ere
is
a l
imit
on
the
to
tal
cap
aci
ty t
ha
t ca
n b
e b
uilt
fo
r th
e r
eso
urc
e,
wh
eth
er
the
re
sou
rce
ca
n s
ati
sfy
loca
l ca
pa
city
ne
ed
s, a
nd
wh
eth
er
the
re
sou
rce
ha
s lo
cal c
ap
aci
ty li
mit
s.
retr
ofi
ts.t
ab
T
he
re
tro
fitt
ed
re
sou
rce
na
me
co
rre
spo
nd
ing
to e
ach
re
sou
rce
th
at
can
be
re
tro
fitt
ed
.
retr
ofi
ts_
allo
we
d.t
xt
Bo
ole
an
fo
r e
na
blin
g th
e r
etr
ofi
t fu
nct
ion
alit
y o
f R
ESO
LVE
sha
pe
s.ta
b
Th
e n
orm
aliz
ed
pro
file
s fo
r e
ach
va
ria
ble
re
sou
rce
fo
r e
ach
da
y a
nd
ho
ur.
sim
ult
an
eo
us_
flo
w_
gro
up
_lin
es.
tab
T
he
lin
e-d
ire
ctio
ns
incl
ud
ed
in e
ach
sim
ult
an
eo
us
flo
w g
rou
p.
sim
ult
an
eo
us_
flo
w_
gro
up
s.ta
b
Th
e n
am
es
of
the
gro
up
s o
f lin
es
ove
r w
hic
h s
imu
lta
ne
ou
s fl
ow
co
nst
rain
ts a
re e
nfo
rce
d.
sim
ult
an
eo
us_
flo
w_
lim
its.
tab
T
he
lim
its
on
flo
w o
ver
ea
ch s
imu
lta
ne
ou
s fl
ow
gro
up
by
pe
rio
d.
sub
ho
url
y_
curt
ailm
en
t_lim
its.
tab
Li
mit
s o
n s
ub
-ho
url
y cu
rta
ilme
nt
imp
ose
d in
th
e m
ain
zo
ne
by
tim
ep
oin
t.
syst
em
_p
ara
ms.
tab
A
ra
ng
e o
f si
ngl
e-v
alu
e p
ara
me
ters
incl
ud
ing
pe
na
ltie
s fo
r u
nse
rve
d e
ne
rgy,
ove
rge
ne
rati
on
, an
d r
ese
rve
vio
lati
on
s;
the
du
rati
on
s o
f h
ydro
an
d i
nte
rtie
ra
mp
s to
co
nst
rain
; p
ara
me
teri
zati
on
s o
f th
e s
ub
-ho
url
y b
eh
avi
or
wh
en
pro
vid
ing
regu
lati
on
an
d l
oa
d-f
ollo
win
g re
serv
es;
pa
ram
ete
riza
tio
ns
of
the
ab
ility
of
vari
ab
le g
en
era
tio
n t
o p
rovi
de
rese
rve
s; w
he
the
r to
re
qu
ire
re
ne
wa
ble
ove
rbu
ild w
he
n s
ati
sfyi
ng
RP
S co
nst
rain
ts;
wh
eth
er
to a
llow
RP
S b
an
kin
g;
wh
eth
er
to e
nfo
rce
GH
G t
arg
ets
; th
e n
um
be
r o
f h
ou
rs o
f d
ura
tio
n t
ha
t re
ceiv
es
full
ELC
C c
red
it;
an
d t
he
ass
um
ed
tim
efr
am
e f
or
op
era
tio
na
l re
serv
es.
tech
_d
isp
atc
ha
ble
_p
ara
ms.
tab
P
ara
me
ters
ass
oci
ate
d w
ith
ea
ch d
isp
atc
ha
ble
th
erm
al
tech
no
logy
: m
inim
um
sta
ble
le
vel
as
fra
ctio
n o
f ca
pa
city
,
RE
SOLV
E M
od
el D
eta
il
Pa
ge
| 3
1 |
© 2
01
7 E
ne
rgy
an
d E
nvi
ron
me
nta
l Eco
no
mic
s, I
nc.
Inp
ut
Fil
e
De
scri
pti
on
ram
p r
ate
as
fra
ctio
n o
f ca
pa
city
, st
art
up
an
d s
hu
tdo
wn
tim
e (
inte
ge
r h
ou
rs),
un
it s
ize
, a
nd
sta
rtu
p a
nd
sh
utd
ow
n
cost
s.
tech
_st
ora
ge
_p
ara
ms.
tab
P
ara
me
ters
ass
oci
ate
d w
ith
ea
ch s
tora
ge t
ech
no
logy
: ch
arg
ing
an
d d
isch
arg
ing
eff
icie
nci
es,
an
d m
inim
um
sto
rag
e
du
rati
on
.
tech
_th
erm
al_
pa
ram
s.ta
b
Pa
ram
ete
rs a
sso
cia
ted
wit
h e
ach
th
erm
al t
ech
no
logy
: th
e f
ue
l use
d, a
nd
th
e f
ue
l bu
rn s
lop
e a
nd
inte
rce
pt.
tech
no
log
ies.
tab
A
ll te
chn
olo
gie
s m
od
ele
d,
wit
h f
lag
s fo
r va
rio
us
op
era
tio
na
l ch
ara
cte
rist
ics.
tim
ep
oin
ts.t
ab
A
ll ti
me
po
ints
mo
de
led
wit
h t
he
ir a
sso
cia
ted
me
tad
ata
: w
hic
h p
eri
od
, m
on
th,
an
d d
ay
the
tim
ep
oin
t is
in
, a
nd
wh
ich
ho
ur
of
the
da
y it
re
pre
sen
ts.
tra
nsm
issi
on
_lin
es.
tab
A
ll tr
an
smis
sio
n l
ine
s w
ith
th
eir
ori
gin
(fr
om
) a
nd
de
stin
ati
on
(to
) fo
r th
e p
osi
tive
flo
w d
ire
ctio
n,
the
min
imu
m a
nd
ma
xim
um
flo
w o
n t
he
lin
e,
a f
lag
for
wh
eth
er
the
lin
e i
s ra
mp
-co
nst
rain
ed
, a
nd
a f
lag
for
wh
eth
er
a h
urd
le r
ate
is
ap
plie
d o
n t
he
lin
e.
tra
nsm
issi
on
_ra
mp
s.ta
b
Th
e u
p a
nd
do
wn
ra
mp
lim
its
for
ea
ch r
am
p-c
on
stra
ine
d li
ne
fo
r e
ach
ra
mp
du
rati
on
.
tx_
zon
es.
tab
T
he
tra
nsm
issi
on
zo
ne
agg
rega
tio
ns
for
wh
ich
en
erg
y o
nly
or
fully
de
live
rab
le t
ran
smis
sio
n c
ap
aci
ty w
ill b
e b
uilt
fo
r
ne
w r
en
ew
ab
le r
eso
urc
es.
Ca
pa
city
lim
its
for
en
erg
y o
nly
an
d z
ero
-co
st f
ully
de
live
rab
le c
ap
aci
ty a
re i
ncl
ud
ed
,
alo
ng
wit
h t
he
co
st t
o b
uild
ne
w f
ully
de
live
rab
le c
ap
aci
ty.
zon
e_
curt
ailm
en
t_co
sts
Th
e c
ost
of
curt
ailm
en
t in
ea
ch z
on
e in
ea
ch p
eri
od
zon
e_
ma
in_
tim
ep
oin
t_p
ara
ms.
tab
T
he
re
gula
tio
n a
nd
loa
d-f
ollo
win
g re
serv
e r
eq
uir
em
en
ts in
ea
ch t
ime
po
int
in t
he
ma
in z
on
e.
zon
e_
tim
ep
oin
t_lo
ad
.ta
b
Th
e in
pu
t lo
ad
in e
ach
zo
ne
in e
ach
tim
ep
oin
t.
zon
es.
tab
T
he
zo
ne
s m
od
ele
d;
the
ma
in z
on
e i
s fl
agg
ed
he
re;
this
file
als
o i
ncl
ud
es
the
min
imu
m g
en
era
tio
n,
fre
qu
en
cy
resp
on
se, a
nd
sp
inn
ing
rese
rve
re
qu
ire
me
nts
fo
r th
e m
ain
zo
ne
.
RESOLVE User Manual
P a g e | 32 |
4.2 Python Scripts
The input files described in Section 3.2 are read into a linear program formulated in Python to solve for
the optimal system capacity expansion. Users are not required to interact with Python directly to run
RESOLVE; however, users are welcome to review the structure and logic of RESOLVE’s formulation. The
Python scripts that make up the RESOLVE model are summarized in Table 3.
RE
SOLV
E M
od
el D
eta
il
Pa
ge
| 3
3 |
© 2
01
7 E
ne
rgy
an
d E
nvi
ron
me
nta
l Eco
no
mic
s, I
nc.
Ta
ble
3.
RE
SO
LVE
Py
tho
n s
crip
ts
Py
tho
n S
crip
t D
esc
rip
tio
n
run
_o
pt.
py
Th
is i
s th
e ‘
ma
in’
scri
pt
of
the
RE
SOLV
E m
od
el.
It
take
s o
ne
re
qu
ire
d a
rgu
me
nt:
th
e n
am
e o
f th
e s
cen
ari
o t
o r
un
.
For
exa
mp
le,
to r
un
a s
cen
ari
o n
am
ed
‘full_run
,’ w
e n
ee
d t
o r
un
th
e run_opt.py
scr
ipt
an
d g
ive
it
the
arg
um
en
t full_run
. T
he
sce
na
rio
na
me
mu
st b
e t
he
sa
me
as
the
na
me
of
a s
ub
dir
ect
ory
in
th
e inputs
dir
ect
ory
.
mo
de
l_fo
rmu
lati
on
.py
Th
is s
crip
t co
nta
ins
the
RE
SOLV
E p
rob
lem
fo
rmu
lati
on
. RE
SOLV
E is
wri
tte
n in
Pyo
mo
, a P
yth
on
-ba
sed
op
tim
iza
tio
n
mo
de
ling
lan
gua
ge
. T
he
mo
de
l o
bje
ct i
s d
efi
ne
d i
n model_formulation.py
an
d i
s ca
lled
resolve_model
.
It i
s a
Pyo
mo
AbstractModel
cla
ss,
wh
ich
is
the
n a
ssig
ne
d v
ari
ou
s a
ttri
bu
tes—
pa
ram
ete
rs,
sets
, va
ria
ble
s, a
nd
con
stra
ints
—th
at
de
scri
be
th
e R
ESO
LVE
lin
ea
r p
rob
lem
.
loa
d_
inp
uts
.py
Th
is
scri
pt
con
tain
s th
e scenario_data
fu
nct
ion
th
at
retu
rns
a DataPortal
P
yom
o
ob
ject
. T
he
DataPortal
is
a w
ay
to l
oa
d d
ata
into
a P
yom
o AbstractModel
cla
ss.
Th
e scenario_data
fu
nct
ion
ta
kes
the
sce
na
rio
in
pu
ts d
ire
cto
ry a
s a
rgu
me
nt,
fin
ds
the
TA
B f
iles
con
tain
ing
th
e s
cen
ari
o d
ata
, a
nd
in
itia
lize
s th
e
resolve_model
cla
ss w
ith
th
ese
da
ta (
see
th
e create_problem_instance
fu
nct
ion
in run_opt.py
).
exp
ort
_re
sult
s.p
y
Th
is s
crip
t co
nta
ins
the
export_results
fu
nct
ion
, w
hic
h i
s ca
lled
by run_opt.py
wh
en
th
e p
rob
lem
is
solv
ed
. T
his
fu
nct
ion
ta
kes
the
mo
de
l in
sta
nce
, re
sult
s, a
nd
sce
na
rio
re
sult
s d
ire
cto
ry a
s a
rgu
me
nts
. A
fi
na
l
arg
um
en
t, debug_mode
, te
lls t
he
fu
nct
ion
ho
w t
o h
an
dle
err
ors
th
at
ma
y a
rise
: e
xit
if debug_mode
is
set
to 0
,
lau
nch
th
e P
yth
on
de
bu
gge
r if
debug_mode
is
set
to 1
. T
he
export_results
fu
nct
ion
ca
lls o
the
r fu
nct
ion
s
tha
t e
xpo
rt v
ari
ou
s o
pti
miz
ati
on
re
sult
s, e
.g.
the
bu
ild v
ari
ab
les,
th
e o
pe
rati
on
s va
ria
ble
s, t
he
tra
nsm
issi
on
flo
ws,
etc
.
cre
ate
_su
mm
ari
es.
py
On
ce
resu
lts
are
e
xpo
rte
d,
run_opt.py
ca
lls
the
create_summaries
fu
nct
ion
fr
om
create_results_summaries.py
fi
le.
Th
is
fun
ctio
n
calls
va
rio
us
oth
er
fun
ctio
ns,
a
lso
in
th
e
create_results_summaries.py
, th
at
pe
rfo
rm v
ari
ou
s a
ggre
gati
on
s o
f th
e r
esu
lts
an
d w
rite
th
em
to
th
e
summary
su
bd
ire
cto
ry in
ea
ch s
cen
ari
o’s
re
sult
s d
ire
cto
ry.
run
ba
tch
_p
y
Th
is s
crip
t si
mp
ly r
un
s th
e r
un
_o
pt.
py
file
in
se
rie
s fo
r e
ach
of
the
sce
na
rio
s lis
ted
in
‘ca
ses_
to_
run
.csv
’. I
t a
llow
s
use
rs t
o r
un
a b
atc
h o
f sc
en
ari
os
sim
ply
, ra
the
r th
an
wa
itin
g fo
r e
ach
sce
na
rio
to
fin
ish
be
fore
ru
nn
ing
the
ne
xt
on
e.
No
te:
ad
van
ced
use
rs m
ay
wis
h t
o r
un
ma
ny
sce
na
rio
s in
pa
ralle
l b
y o
pe
nin
g m
ult
iple
co
mm
an
d p
rom
pt
win
do
ws.
Ru
nb
atc
h.p
y ru
ns
ea
ch s
cen
ari
o in
se
rie
s, n
ot
in p
ara
llel.
RESOLVE User Manual
P a g e | 34 |
Assuming we are starting in yourdirectory, we can do this as follows on the command line (cmd.exe
in Windows):
>> cd resolve_code
>> python run_opt.py full_run
The first line changes directory to resolve_code. The second line runs the run_opt.py script with
test_scenario as the script argument. The script will then create the full_run results subdirectory,
get the model formulation, load data into the model to create a problem instance, call the solver, solve the
problem, and write results to the full_run results subdirectory.
RESOLVE will use the CBC solver by default unless ana second optional second command line argument –
the name of the desired solver - is included. For example, to run the scenario full_run with the solver
Gurobi, use this on the command line:
>> python run_opt.py full_run gurobi
RESOLVE Model Detail
P a g e | 35 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
4.3 Raw Output Files
Output files in the root results directory are created by export_results.py. Output files in the summary
directory are created by create_results_summary.py.
Note that the term ‘dual’ is used frequently to refer to the shadow price of a constraint. Technical note on
dual values: the reported values reflect real dollars in either hourly or annual quantities.
summary directory
The summary directory contains various aggregations and combinations of the data in the results files
described below. Only data in the summary directory is imported into the results viewer. Files in the root
results directory are not directly used in the results viewer, but are available when more detailed analysis
of results is required.
R
ESO
LVE
Use
r M
an
ua
l
Pa
ge
| 3
6 |
Ta
ble
4.
RE
SO
LVE
ra
w o
utp
ut
file
s
Ou
tpu
t Fil
e
De
scri
pti
on
curt
ailm
en
t.cs
v
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s h
ou
rly
an
d s
ub
-ho
url
y va
ria
ble
re
ne
wa
ble
cu
rta
ilme
nt
de
cisi
on
s fo
r e
ach
zo
ne
in R
ESO
LVE
. B
lan
ks
cells
ind
ica
te t
ha
t R
ESO
LVE
do
es
no
t m
ake
th
is d
eci
sio
n.
elc
c_su
rfa
ce_
face
ts.c
sv
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s re
sult
s fo
r e
ach
fa
cet
of
the
eff
ect
ive
loa
d c
arr
yin
g ca
pa
bili
ty (
ELC
C)
surf
ace
in e
ach
pe
rio
d.
Th
ese
resu
lts
can
sh
ow
wh
ich
(if
an
y) o
f th
e E
LCC
fa
cets
is a
ctiv
e in
ea
ch p
eri
od
.
fue
l_b
urn
_b
y_
reso
urc
e.c
sv
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e h
ou
rly
fue
l bu
rn a
nd
gre
en
ho
use
ga
s (G
HG
) e
mis
sio
ns
by
reso
urc
e.
gh
g.c
sv
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e i
np
ut
GH
G e
mis
sio
ns
targ
et
in e
ach
pe
rio
d,
an
d t
he
sh
ad
ow
pri
ce o
f m
ee
tin
g th
at
targ
et.
Bla
nks
ce
lls in
dic
ate
th
at
a G
HG
em
issi
on
s ta
rge
t w
as
no
t m
od
ele
d.
gh
g_
imp
ort
s.cs
v
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e h
ou
rly
GH
G e
mis
sio
ns
imp
ort
ed
into
th
e m
ain
zo
ne
alo
ng
tra
nsm
issi
on
lin
es.
hu
rdle
_ra
te_
cost
s.cs
v
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e h
ou
rly
hu
rdle
ra
te c
ost
s in
curr
ed
by
sen
din
g p
ow
er
alo
ng
tra
nsm
issi
on
lin
es
tha
t h
ave
a n
on
-
zero
hu
rdle
ra
te.
incr
em
en
tal_
fixe
d_
cost
s.cs
v
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e a
nn
ua
lize
d c
ost
of
inve
stm
en
t d
eci
sio
ns
ma
de
by
RE
SOLV
E f
or
ea
ch r
eso
urc
e in
ea
ch p
eri
od
.
loa
ds_
an
d_
po
we
r_b
ala
nce
.csv
T
his
file
co
nta
ins
ho
url
y lo
ad
s fo
r e
ach
zo
ne
an
d t
ime
po
int
tha
t w
ere
in
pu
t in
to t
he
RE
SOLV
E o
pti
miz
ati
on
, a
s w
ell
as
the
am
ou
nt
of
ove
rge
ne
rati
on
an
d u
nse
rve
d e
ne
rgy
for
ea
ch z
on
e a
nd
tim
ep
oin
t. I
t a
lso
co
nta
ins
the
sh
ad
ow
pri
ce o
f th
e z
on
al p
ow
er
ba
lan
ce c
on
stra
int
for
ea
ch t
ime
po
int,
wh
ich
is
an
alo
gou
s to
th
e h
ou
rly
en
erg
y p
rice
. C
are
sho
uld
b
e
take
n
inte
rpre
tin
g th
is
en
erg
y p
rice
a
s th
e
RE
SOLV
E
inve
stm
en
t fr
am
ew
ork
d
iffe
rs
in
seve
ral
fun
da
me
nta
l wa
ys f
rom
a c
on
ven
tio
na
l pro
du
ctio
n s
imu
lati
on
.
loca
l_ca
pa
city
_re
sou
rce
s.cs
v
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e lo
cal c
ap
aci
ty in
vest
me
nt
de
cisi
on
s m
ad
e b
y R
ESO
LVE
fo
r e
ach
loca
l ca
pa
city
re
sou
rce
in e
ach
pe
rio
d.
ma
in_
zon
e_
tim
ep
oin
t_d
ua
ls.c
sv
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e h
ou
rly
sha
do
w p
rice
s o
f m
ee
tin
g va
rio
us
relia
bili
ty a
nd
re
serv
e c
on
stra
ints
in t
he
ma
in z
on
e.
ob
ject
ive
_fu
nct
ion
_va
lue
.txt
T
he
fin
al v
alu
e o
f th
e o
bje
ctiv
e f
un
ctio
n f
or
ea
ch R
ESO
LVE
ru
n.
op
era
tio
na
l_co
sts.
csv
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e h
ou
rly
op
era
tio
na
l co
st o
f th
e d
eci
sio
ns
ma
de
by
RE
SOLV
E f
or
ea
ch r
eso
urc
e,
incl
ud
ing
vari
ab
le c
ost
s, f
ue
l co
sts,
sta
rt-u
p c
ost
s, a
nd
sh
ut-
do
wn
co
sts.
RE
SOLV
E M
od
el D
eta
il
Pa
ge
| 3
7 |
© 2
01
7 E
ne
rgy
an
d E
nvi
ron
me
nta
l Eco
no
mic
s, I
nc.
Ou
tpu
t Fil
e
De
scri
pti
on
op
era
tio
ns.
csv
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e h
ou
rly
op
era
tio
na
l d
eci
sio
ns
ma
de
by
RE
SOLV
E f
or
ea
ch r
eso
urc
e o
n a
ll d
ays
mo
de
led
in
RE
SOLV
E (
curr
en
tly
37
da
ys p
er
yea
r).
Typ
es
of
op
era
tio
na
l d
eci
sio
ns
incl
ud
ed
in
th
is f
ile a
re:
un
it c
om
mit
me
nt,
po
we
r p
rod
uct
ion
, re
serv
e c
om
mit
me
nt,
an
d f
lexi
ble
lo
ad
dis
pa
tch
. B
lan
ks c
ells
in
dic
ate
th
at
RE
SOLV
E d
oe
s n
ot
ma
ke t
his
de
cisi
on
.
pla
nn
ing
_re
serv
e_
ma
rgin
.csv
T
his
file
co
nta
ins
the
in
pu
t p
lan
nin
g re
serv
e m
arg
in (
PR
M)
an
d l
oca
l ca
pa
city
ta
rge
ts i
n e
ach
pe
rio
d,
as
we
ll a
s th
e
sha
do
w p
rice
of
me
eti
ng
tho
se t
arg
ets
. A
su
mm
ary
of
PR
M c
on
trib
uti
on
s b
y re
sou
rce
typ
e is
als
o in
clu
de
d.
ram
pin
g_
du
als
.csv
T
his
file
co
nta
ins
the
ho
url
y va
lue
s re
lati
ng
to r
am
p c
on
stra
ins
of
dis
pa
tch
ab
le t
he
rma
l ge
ne
rati
on
.
refl
ex_
res_
pro
vis
ion
.csv
T
his
file
co
nta
ins
the
ho
url
y va
lue
s re
lati
ng
to v
ari
ab
le r
en
ew
ab
les
pro
vid
ing
do
wn
wa
rd lo
ad
fo
llow
ing
rese
rve
s vi
a
RE
FLE
X s
urf
ace
s.
rese
rve
_vio
lati
on
s.cs
v
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e h
ou
rly
rese
rve
co
mm
itm
en
t sh
ort
falls
(o
r vi
ola
tio
ns)
fo
r e
ach
re
serv
e p
rod
uct
. T
his
file
is u
sed
pri
ma
rily
fo
r d
iagn
ost
ic p
urp
ose
s a
s re
serv
e s
ho
rtfa
lls a
re u
nco
mm
on
.
reso
urc
e_
bu
ild
.csv
T
his
file
co
nta
ins
the
inve
stm
en
t d
eci
sio
ns
ma
de
by
RE
SOLV
E f
or
ea
ch c
an
did
ate
re
sou
rce
in
ea
ch p
eri
od
as
we
ll a
s
the
ca
pa
citi
es
of
reso
urc
es
for
wh
ich
no
in
vest
me
nt
de
cisi
on
s w
ere
ma
de
(e
.g.
exi
stin
g re
sou
rce
s a
nd
co
ntr
act
ed
reso
urc
es
tha
t co
me
on
line
at
som
e p
oin
t in
th
e f
utu
re).
Th
e f
ully
de
live
rab
le/e
ne
rgy
on
ly s
tatu
s o
f n
ew
re
ne
wa
ble
reso
urc
es
is in
clu
de
d.
Bla
nks
ce
lls in
dic
ate
th
at
RE
SOLV
E d
oe
s n
ot
ma
ke t
his
de
cisi
on
.
rps.
csv
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e i
np
ut
RP
S ta
rge
t le
vel
in e
ach
pe
rio
d,
as
we
ll a
s th
e s
ha
do
w p
rice
of
the
RP
S co
nst
rain
t, t
he
RP
S cr
ed
its
ba
nke
d, a
nd
a h
igh
-le
vel s
um
ma
ry o
f th
e c
om
po
ne
nts
of
the
RP
S co
nst
rain
t.
sim
_fl
ow
_g
rou
p_
du
als
.csv
T
his
file
co
nta
ins
the
ho
url
y sh
ad
ow
pri
ces
of
con
stra
ints
th
at
limit
th
e s
um
of
flo
ws
on
gro
up
s o
f tr
an
smis
sio
n
line
s.
sto
rag
e_
bu
ild
.csv
T
his
file
co
nta
ins
inve
stm
en
t d
eci
sio
ns
ma
de
by
RE
SOLV
E i
n e
very
pe
rio
d f
or
the
en
erg
y ca
pa
city
of
ea
ch s
tora
ge
reso
urc
e.
Bla
nks
ce
lls in
dic
ate
th
at
RE
SOLV
E d
oe
s n
ot
ma
ke a
de
cisi
on
.
tra
nsm
issi
on
_co
sts.
csv
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e c
ost
of
bu
ildin
g n
ew
tra
nsm
issi
on
in
ea
ch p
eri
od
tri
gge
red
by
ne
w r
en
ew
ab
le r
eso
urc
e
inve
stm
en
t d
eci
sio
ns
ma
de
by
RE
SOLV
E.
Als
o in
clu
de
d is
th
e b
rea
kdo
wn
of
fully
de
live
rab
le/e
ne
rgy
on
ly c
ap
aci
ty in
ea
ch t
ran
smis
sio
n z
on
e in
ea
ch p
eri
od
.
tra
nsm
it_
po
we
r.cs
v
Th
is f
ile c
on
tain
s th
e h
ou
rly
tra
nsm
issi
on
dis
pa
tch
de
cisi
on
s m
ad
e b
y R
ESO
LVE
fo
r e
ach
tra
nsm
issi
on
lin
e,
as
we
ll a
s
the
sh
ad
ow
pri
ce o
f fl
ow
lim
its
on
ea
ch li
ne
.
R
ESO
LVE
Use
r M
an
ua
l
Pa
ge
| 3
8 |
Using RESOLVE Outputs in Other Models
P a g e | 39 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
5 Using RESOLVE Outputs in Other
Models
To facilitate the adaptation of RESOLVE cases for use in other modeling platforms, RESOLVE produces a
series of .csv files summarizing key inputs and outputs in a format designed to allow benchmarking
against and input into other production simulation models. For each case run in RESOLVE, these files
provide detail on the assumed infrastructure buildout within CAISO over the time frame of the analysis
as well as supplemental data needed to represent those resources in production simulation modeling.
The contents of the PCM Input Files package are summarized in Table 5.
R
ESO
LVE
Use
r M
an
ua
l
Pa
ge
| 4
0 |
Ta
ble
5.
Su
mm
ary
of
PC
M I
np
ut
Fil
es
pa
cka
ge
pro
du
ced
by
RE
SO
LVE
PC
M I
np
ut
Fil
e
De
scri
pti
on
con
ve
nti
on
al_
ge
ne
rato
rs_
ba
selin
e.c
sv
Th
is
file
p
rovi
de
s a
ssu
mp
tio
ns
on
th
e
com
mit
ted
fl
ee
t o
f co
nve
nti
on
al
gen
era
tors
. It
p
rovi
de
s p
lan
t-sp
eci
fic
ass
um
pti
on
s (e
.g.,
siz
e,
op
era
tin
g a
ssu
mp
tio
ns,
on
line
& r
eti
rem
en
t d
ate
s) f
or
all
con
ven
tio
na
l th
erm
al
an
d h
ydro
gen
era
tors
in C
AIS
O. T
he
typ
es
of
ge
ne
rato
rs in
clu
de
d in
th
is f
ile in
clu
de
ren
ew
ab
le_
ge
ne
rato
rs_
ba
selin
e.c
sv
Th
is f
ile s
um
ma
rize
s th
e c
om
mit
ted
bu
ildo
ut
of
ren
ew
ab
le r
eso
urc
es.
Th
is f
iyle
in
clu
de
s a
su
mm
ary
, b
y in
sta
llati
on
vin
tage
an
d t
ech
no
logy
, o
f a
ll re
ne
wa
ble
re
sou
rce
s p
hys
ica
lly l
oca
ted
in
th
e C
AIS
O f
oo
tpri
nt,
as
we
ll a
s su
mm
ari
es
of
ren
ew
ab
le r
eso
urc
es
ph
ysic
ally
loca
ted
in e
xte
rna
l re
gio
ns
bu
t co
ntr
act
ed
to
CA
ISO
uti
litie
s.
ge
n_
op
tim
ize
d.c
sv
Th
is f
ile p
rovi
de
s a
su
mm
ary
of
all
reso
urc
es
sele
cte
d b
y R
ESO
LVE
fo
r in
clu
sio
n in
th
e p
ort
folio
in it
s o
pti
miz
ati
on
. It
sho
ws
all
typ
es
of
ne
w r
eso
urc
es,
incl
ud
ing
con
ven
tio
na
l, re
ne
wa
ble
, an
d s
tora
ge
.
an
nu
al_
loa
ds.
csv
Th
is f
ile s
um
ma
rize
s th
e a
nn
ua
l lo
ad
fo
reca
st i
np
uts
to
RE
SOLV
E,
incl
ud
ing
bo
th t
he
ba
selin
e c
on
sum
pti
on
, a
ll
ass
um
ed
loa
d m
od
ifie
rs, a
nd
ass
um
ed
tra
nsm
issi
on
& d
istr
ibu
tio
n lo
sse
s.
dr_
ba
selin
e.c
sv
Th
is f
ile s
um
ma
rize
s th
e a
ssu
me
d t
raje
cto
ry o
f IO
U d
em
an
d r
esp
on
se p
rogr
am
s th
rou
gh t
he
an
aly
sis.
sto
rag
e_
ba
selin
e.c
sv
Th
is
file
su
mm
ari
zes
the
co
mm
itte
d
bu
ildo
ut
of
en
erg
y st
ora
ge
reso
urc
es.
T
his
fi
le
incl
ud
es
a
sum
ma
ry,
by
inst
alla
tio
n v
inta
ge
an
d t
ech
no
logy
, of
all
sto
rage
re
sou
rce
s p
hys
ica
lly lo
cate
d in
th
e C
AIS
O f
oo
tpri
nt.
Using RESOLVE Outputs in Other Models
P a g e | 41 |
© 2017 Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc.
