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Researching & Citing Japanese Law
Wei Luo, JD & MLS
Director of Technical Services
and Lecturer in Law
Room 257A, [email protected]
August, 2010
What do we have in Japanese laws?
Most of primary Japanese legal materials published in Japanese
Can access most of the English translations of Japanese laws
Most of English monographs about Japanese laws
Some Japanese law books in Japanese
Major Japanese legal periodicals
Bluebook General Rules for Citing Sources in Foreign Languages: Rule 20.2
Cite the most official or authoritative version
Give “full title or name in the original language” at first time + [English translation]
Abbreviations: give “full form at first time + [abbreviations] and Abbreviations used in T.2
Bluebook Citation Format: Japan
T.2: Foreign Jurisdictions
Japan, T2.24 and pp. 350-357
Customize the Bluebook Rules with the publications you have
Citation: Major Codes
Japanese laws are not codified like USC
Constitution and five major codes can be cited as: Kenpō, art. 9, para. 2
Minpō, art. 398-20, para 1, no.1
Shōhō
Keihō
Keisohō
Citation: Constitution
Format: <Constitution name> [<Constitution abbreviation>] [<Constitution>], art., para. (country abbreviation if not evident from context>).
Nihonkoku Kenpo [Kenpo] [Constituion], art. 9, para. 2 (Japan).
Citation: Code
Minji Soshoho [Minsoho] [C. Civ. Pro.] 1996, art. 4, para. 6 (Japan)
Citation: statutes & regulations
<law name> [<law abbreviation if avaialble>] [English translation of law abbreviation or name>] <# of year>, <art. paragraph #>.
Kenchiku kijunhō [Building Standard Law], Law No. 201 of 1950, art. 2, para. 1.
Citation: case law
Format: <court name> [<English abbreviated translation of court name>] <date of decision>, <case number, if desired>, <volume number> <reporter or periodical name> [<reporter or periodical abbreviation>] <first page>, <specific page> (<Japan if needed>).
Case citation: samples
Saiko Saibansho [Sup. Ct.] Dec. 4, 2007, Hei 18 (Kyo) no.40, 61 Saiko saibansho Minji Hanreishu [Minshu] 3245, 3252 (Japan).
Chiteki Zaisan Koto Saibansho [Intellectual Prop. High Ct.] Nov. 13, 2008, Hei 20 (gyo ke) no. 10112, Saiko Saibansho Saibanrei Joho [Saibanrei Joho], 8, http://www.courts.go.jp.
Japanese Primary Legal Materials Publishing
Statutes Compilations, no codification like USC or CFR
Constitution and its amendments, laws enacted by Diet, treaties, orders of the Cabinet, orders and rules of Ministries, and other statutes, are compiled together
Japan has a more systematic case law reporting system
English Translation of Japanese Laws: expectation?
Not all are translated
The publications of foreign law translations are expensive
Japanese Statutes in English
EHS law bulletin series, Japan, 1948- , KNX13 1948 .E39, about 370 to 400 hundreds Japanese laws and regulations being translated, 8 volumes Vol I: Constitution, Diet, Cabinet
Vol II: Judicial Code, Civil Code, Commercial Code, Civil Procedure, Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure
EHS (continued)
Vol III: Education, Culture, Religion, Construction and Police
Vol IV: Internal Revenue Code
Vol V: Foreign Exchange, Foreign Trade, Foreign Investment, United Nations Property
Vol VI: Banking, Insurance, Commerce, and Patent
Vol VII: Agriculture and Industry
Vol VIII: Labor, Welfare and Sanitation
EHS website: http://www.ehs.or.jp/index_en.html
Free English Translations of Japanese Laws
Japanese Law Translation Database System by the Japanese Ministry of Justice at http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/
Mizuho Securities Co., Ltd (provides links to translations of business-related and many other laws and regulations.) at http://www.mizuho-sc.com/english/ebond/law.html
Government Agencies’ Websites
The Government Agency’s Portal for Ministries and Independent Government Entities]) (各府省・独立行政法人等のホームページ ) (in Japanese). Some of the ministries have English pages, with laws translated into English.http://www.e-gov.go.jp/link/link.html
English translations of Japanese Cases
Harder to find than laws, only the supreme court cases are available in English.
Series of prominent judgments of the Supreme Court upon questions of constitutionality. no. 1-30 (1954-1999) Ceased Publication. KNX2066.3 .J37
Judgments of the Supreme Court of Japan
http://www.courts.go.jp/english/judgments
Other Free Cases in English
IP Cases at Institute of IP http://database.iip.or.jp/cases/
Henrei: summaries of important constitutional, civil and commercial law cases in Japan http://www.senrei.com/
Henrei: summaries of important constitutional, civil and commercial law cases in Japan http://www.senrei.com/
Westlaw and Lexis
Westlaw: Japanese Patents (JP-PAT),Japanese Patents and Applications (JP-PAT-ALL) , Japanese Patent Applications (JP-PAT-APP) , and various Business & News related to Japan
http://www.westlawjapan.com/
Lexis: Doing Business in Japan by Bender and various news related to Japan
http://legal.lexisnexis.jp/
Secondary Sources in English
Books: we collect many monographs in Japanese law
Law Review Articles: use Index to Legal Periodicals
Westlaw and Lexis: Japanese news, business, and other articles
World News Connections: Japanese news mediates reports
Romanization/Transliteration: Japanese
Japan has two major systems
Hepburn system: the most popular (Kenkyusha's new Japanese-English dictionary)
Kunrei system: older for technical translators
i.e. 憲法: “Kenpō” / Not “Kempo, or Kempou, or kempoh”
民事訴訟法: “Minji Soshōhō”/Not “minji soshō hō”)
Japanese Romanization Guide
http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/jlrintro.htm#RomanizationNotes
Statutes in Japanese and Print
H¯orei zensho 法令全書 (Laws and Orders Compilation)Tokyo : Naikaku kan¯okyoku Kei¯o 3- [1867]-, KNX12 .H67, monthly, our collection 2000-2008
Roppō zensho 六法全書 (Six Laws Compilation), annual, KNX15 .R67, up
to 2008
Free Statutes and Administrative Regulations on the Web
法令データ提供システム [Hōrei dēta teikyō shisutemu] (E-Government Website with the full text of all current laws and administrative regulations) http://law.e-gov.go.jp/
The library of Diet: including superseded laws, http://hourei.ndl.go.jp/SearchSys/index.jsp
官報 [Kanpō] = Government Gazette, including new legislations http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/kanpo/digest.html
Administrative Regulations
Case Reporters in Japanese (1)
最高裁判所判例集 [Saikō Saibansho hanreishū] = Supreme Ct. Reporters. KNX18.A31948, 1947-current
高等裁判所判例集 [Kōtō Saibansho hanreishū] = High Ct. Reporter.
下級裁判所刑事裁判例集 (下刑集)[Kakyū saibansho keiji saiban reishū (Kakeishū)] = Lower Ct. Reporters (Criminal)
下級裁判所民事裁判例集 (下民集)[Kakyū Saibansho minji saiban reishū (Kaminshū)] = Lower Ct. Reporter (Civil)
Case Reporters in Japanese (2)
労働関係民事裁判例集(労民集)[Rōdō kankei minji saiban reishū (Rōminshū)]. CEASED Continued on the web
知的財産権関係民事・行政判例集(知的裁集)[Chiteki zaisanken kankei minji, gyōsei saiban reishū. (Chiteki Saishū)]. Continued on the web
行政事件裁判例集(行裁判集)[Gyōsei jiken saiban reishū (Gyōsaishū)] . Continued on the web
Cases Reporters in Japanese (3)
判例時報(判時)[Hanrei jihō (Hanji)]. KNX6 .H37 (Three times a month)
判例タイムズ(判タ)[Hanrei taimuzu (Hanta)] = Law Times Report. KNX19.A35 .H36 (Twice a month)
Free Case Law Database on the Japanese Supreme Court’s Website
判例検索システム [Hanrei Kensaku Shisutemu] (Search all decisions of various courts) http://www.courts.go.jp/search/jhsp0010?action_id=first&hanreiSrchKbn=01
Cases in this database can be searched by various level of courts and cases related to administration, labor, or IP
Secondary Sources in Japanese
Books: we have a substantial collection Law Review Articles
Index to Foreign Legal Periodicals WU East Asian Library: Japanese
resources at http://libguides.wustl.edu/japanese
Print Law Reviews/Journals at WU Law Library
Display Japanese on WU OPAC
Go to catalog.wustl.edu
Choose Law Library Catalog
Choose “Other Catalogs”
Choose Chinese/Japanese/Korean display for Catalog
Choose Unicode display (Recommended for viewing CJK, Arabic, and Hebrew records)
Major Japanese Law Journals subscribed by the WU Law Lib.
Gekkan shihō kaikaku = Journal of judicial reform in Japan. 1999-
Hōritsu hanrei bunken jōhō = Current legal information 1981-
Junkan shōji hōmu 1972- Shihō tōkei nenpō = Annual report of judicial statistics
for .... 1954- Hanrei jihō 1953- Jurisuto 1952- Hanrei taimuzu = The law times report. 1950- Minshōhō zasshi. 1935-
Legal Research Guide
Websites created by law librarian, i.e.:
http://lib.law.washington.edu/eald/jlr/jres.html
Japan
News Papers in English on the Web
The Japan Times, http://www.japantimes.co.jp/
Nikkei Net : Business news http://e.nikkei.com/e/fr/freetop.aspx
Questions?