REPORTED SPEECH

BY GROUP 6Risnandha Diksi Alfaris (31)Salmarina K. (32)Sulwan Mubarok (33)Tiarani (34)Yosua Rizaldo (35)Yulita Pratiwi (36)

REPORTED SPEECH

If we report what another person has said, we usually do not use the speaker’s exact words (direct speech), but reported (indirect) speech. Therefore, you need to learn how to transform direct speech into reported speech.

Example:• Direct: Rani said : “I am happy.”• Reported Speech : “Rani said (that) she

was happy,”

Reported Speech can be used in

• Statement

• Command/ request

• Question

STATEMENT

In indirect statement we use word "that" as a connector between the introduce the phrase and reported words. The word commonly used not only told and said, but can also use accused, admitted, advised, alleged, agreed, explained, implied, replied, etc.

What we have to change• Pronouns• Tenses• Backshift• Place and Time expressions

exampleDirect Speech Reported Speech

Salma told me, “I will come to your house."

Salma told me that she would came to my house.

�Risnandha said, “I bought a car �.”

Risnandha said that he had bought a car

Sulwan said, “I haven't seen Yosua.”

He said he hadn't seen Yosua.

To make reported question, it’s not so different from reported statements. The tense changes are the same, and we keep the question word. The very important thing though is that, once we tell the question to someone else, it isn’t a question anymore. So we need to change the grammar to a normal positive sentence

QUESTION

QUESTIONWhat we have to change :

PronounsPresent tense verb (3rd person singular)Place and time expressionsTenses (backshift)Transform the question into an indirect speechUse interrogative or if/whether

exampleType Example

With interrogative Direct speech “Why don’t you eat food?”

Reported speech He asked me why I didn’t eat food

Without interrogative Direct speech “Do you eat food?”

Reported speech He asked me wheather / if I ate food

COMMANDWhat we have to changePronounsPlace and time expressions

a. Positivewe add the positive command "to" in front of the command phrase, as a link between the main clause and the clause in the form of imperative sentences.

exampleType Example

Direct speech “carol, open the book”

Reported speech He told carol to open the book

b.NegativeIn the negative we add

the command "not to" in front of the command phrase.

exampleDirect speech Indirect speech

Sulwan told Risnandha, “Don’t wait for me.”

Sulwan told Risnandha not to wait him

Tiarani told Yosua, “Don’t leave me alone”

Tiarani told Yosua not to leave her alone

CHANGING

a. Tenses

b. Adverb of Time and place

Thank You