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Color chart

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In color-related fields, a color chart is aflat, physical object colored with anarrangement of standardized color samples,used for color comparisons and

measurements such as checking the colorreproduction of an imaging system. Colorcharts are used to calibrate and/or profiledigital input devices such as digital cameras,

and scanners and output display systems likeprinters, monitors and projectors. They arealso used by traditional photographers andcinematographers to calibrate cameras thatuse film and to check the color temperature of

the lighting.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color

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Color Properties

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5 / 3 / 1 2 Hue

Hue defines pure color in terms of "red","green" or "magenta". Hue also definesmixtures of two pure colors like "red-yellow"(~ "orange"), or "yellow-green" (limitations to

this statement will be addressed later ).

Hue is usually one property of three whenused to determine a certain color.

Hue is a more technical definition of our colorperception which can be used whencommunicating color ideas.

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5 / 3 / 1 2 Tint

Tint is a color term commonly used bypainters.

A tint is a mixing result of an original color

to which has been added white.

If you tinted a color, you've been adding whiteto the original color.

A tint is lighter than the original color.

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Shade

Shade is a color term commonly used bypainters.

A shade is a mixing result of an original

color to which has been added black.

If you shaded a color, you've been addingblack to the original color.

A shade is darker than the original color.

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5 / 3 / 1 2 Tone

Tone is a color term commonly used bypainters.

There is a broader and a

narrower definition of tone.

The broader definition defines tone as a resultof mixing a pure color with any

neutral/grayscale color including the twoextremes white and black. By this definitionall tints and shades are also considered to betones.

The narrower definition defines tone as a

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5 / 3 / 1 2 Saturation

Saturation is a color term commonly used by(digital/analog) imaging experts.

Saturation is usually one property of three

when used to determine a certain color andmeasured as percentage value.

Saturation defines a range from pure color

(100%) to gray(0%) at a constantlightness level. A pure color is fullysaturated.

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5 / 3 / 1 2 Lightness

Lightness is a color term commonly used by(digital/analog) imaging experts.

Lightness is usually one property of three

when used to determine a certain color andmeasured as percentage value.

Lightness defines a range from

dark (0%) to fully illuminated (100%).Any original hue has the average lightnesslevel of 50%.

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5 / 3 / 1 2 Chromatic Signal / Chroma

This family of color terms is commonly usedby (digital/ analog) imagingand video experts.

In the previous section we learned that colorperception is a result of achromatic andchromatic signals.

We can therefore define a chromatic signal asthe component of color perception that isnot achromatic, i.e. any deviation fromneutral-color perception (dark, grayscale,illuminated).

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5 / 3 / 1 2 Intensity / Luminosity / Luma

In general, intensity is a synonym formagnitude, degree or strength. It cantherefore be used in conjunction with anycolor property. Nevertheless, it carries special

meaning in certain contexts.

For painters the meaning of intensity isequivalent to the meaning of saturation.

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Painting Techniques

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Broken Color Painting Techniques withGlazes and Washes

Most specialty painting techniques involve"broken color," a term that means applyingone or more colors in broken layers over adifferent base coat to create a mottled or

textured effect. Most of the time thesetechniques employ glazes or washes appliedover a solid colored background.

Glazes are made of oil-based paints mixed

with linseed oil and are more transparent thanwashes. They give a sleek glow to walls. Theywork best when the technique requires thepaint to remain open and workable for longerperiods of time.

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5 / 3 / 1 2 Sponge Painting Techniques

Sponge painting is a quick and simpletechnique that begins with the application of asolid base paint color. After the base coatdries, a wash or glaze is applied on top with a

dampened sponge to create a mottled look.More than one glaze or wash color can beapplied, but each layer must be allowed to drythoroughly before the next application.

Beginners may want to try neutral tones of beige and grey or different values of color inthe same family for a tone-on-tone damaskeffect. Lighter colors are typically applied overdarker ones to create depth, but the oppositecan be done for more definition and texture.

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5 / 3 / 1 2 Rag Painting and Rag Rolling

These painting techniques give walls thedramatic effect of crushed velvet, parchment,chamois leather, watered silk, or brocade.Begin with the application of a solid color base

and allow it to dry.

For "ragging on," dip a crumpled cloth in aglaze or wash and blot on the wall. "Raggingoff" involves lifting off part of the glaze coat to

reveal the under coat.

Rag-rolling is a painting technique thatrequires the painter to roll the cloth into asausage shape of varying tightness. Lightly

dip the roll into the glaze and apply to the" -

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5 / 3 / 1 2 Stippling

This painting technique achieves more subtleresults than rag rolling or sponge painting andcan be best described as suede-like. Theprocess starts with the solid base coat which

can be either a light or dark tone. After thebase coat dries, the painter begins workingfrom one side of the wall to the other,applying a different color topcoat (either paintor a wash) in 12" wide strips from ceiling tofloor. Working quickly before the paint beginsto set, the painter stabs at the wet paint witha large soft-bristled brush, removing dots of paint.

To keep the brush absorbent, the painter