Report for Mulgrave River Aquifer Feasibility Study · Report for Mulgrave River Aquifer Feasibility Study ... that may be impacted upon by the project. The full ... namely a Numerical

Cairns Regional CouncilWater and Waste

Report for Mulgrave RiverAquifer Feasibility Study

Flora and Fauna Report

November 2009

42/15610/100421 Mulgrave River Aquifer Feasibility StudyFlora and Fauna Report

Contents

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Background 1

1.2 Scope 1

1.3 Project Study Area 2

2. Methodology 4

2.1 Background and Approach 4

2.2 Demarcation of the Aquifer Study Area 4

2.3 Field Investigation of Proposed Bore Hole Sites 5

2.4 Overview of Ecological Values Descriptions 5

2.5 PER Guidelines 5

2.6 Desktop and Database Assessments 7

3. Database Searches and Survey Results 11

3.1 Information Sources 11

3.2 Species of National Environmental Significance 11

3.3 Queensland Species of Conservation Significance 18

3.4 Pest Species 22

3.5 Vegetation Communities 24

3.6 Regional Ecosystem Types and Integrity 28

3.7 Aquatic Values 31

3.8 World Heritage Values 53

3.9 Results of Field Investigation of Proposed Bore Hole Sites 54

4. References 61

Table IndexTable 1: Summary of NES Matters Protected under Part 3 of

the EPBC Act 5Table 2 Summary of World Heritage Values within/adjacent

Aquifer Area of Influence 6Table 3: Species of NES Identified as Occurring within the

Study Area 11Table 4: Summary of Regional Ecosystems and

Groundwater Dependencies 26


Table 5: Freshwater Fish Species in the Mulgrave River 36Table 6: Estuarine Fish Species in the Mulgrave River 50Table 7: Description of potential borehole field in Aloomba

as of 20th August, 2009. 55

Figure IndexFigure 1: Regional Ecosystem Conservation Status and Protected

Species Observation 21Figure 2: Vegetation Communities and Groundwater

Dependencies 30Figure 3: Locations of Study Sites 54

AppendicesA Database Searches


1. Introduction

1.1 BackgroundAs part of the conclusion of its Water Supply Strategy, Cairns Regional Council Water and Waste isembarking on a program of works to provide necessary information to confirm its future water supplysource. The assessment of the abstraction feasibility of a water supply from the Mulgrave River Aquifer(Mulgrave River Aquifer Scheme) forms part of this program of works.

The proposed works includes the construction and operation of a borefield within an area of alluviumcomprising part of the Mulgrave River aquifer. The borefield is designed to abstract up to 15 ML/dayfrom up to ten bores, located in a general area between the Bruce Highway and the Mulgrave River,south of the small township of Aloomba, 20 km south of Cairns (see Figure 1 for Study Area). Each borewill have an electric submersible pump, and a connecting powerline, and be connected in anunderground pipe network alongside the existing rural roads in the area and ultimately connect into theexisting Behana Ceek water supply pipeline adjacent the project area. The only visible expression of thebores will be small security housing over each bore (approximately 2m by 3m) with a connectingpowerline from the existing power grid.

The borefield is designed as a supplementary water supply only for the southern Cairns area. It will beoperated on an “as needs” requirement, only when other existing water supplies reach their allocatedlimits. Cairns Regional Council Water and Waste (CRCWW) currently hold a Licence to Take Waterfrom the Mulgrave River Alluvium for up to 15,000 ML/year (approximately 40 ML/day) under certain landidentified on the licence. This current proposed action is to abstract up to a maximum of 5,500 ML/year(or approximately 15 ML/day).

Potential impacts arise from two aspects of this proposal:

Short-term impacts arising from construction of the borefield, water treatment plant, reservoir andassociated pipeline infrastructure; and

Long-term impacts on the aquifer and associated ground water levels and consequential impacts onenvironmental values as well as possible socio-economic impacts and landuse impacts.

1.2 ScopeThe Mulgrave River Aquifer Scheme was referred to the Commonwealth in 2005 under the provisions ofEnvironment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). A Public EnvironmentReport (PER) has been requested by the Commonwealth in order to determine the impact of the projecton matters of National Environmental Significance (NES) that may be impacted upon by the project. Thefull legislative background to the referral and subsequent Commonwealth request for further informationis outlined in Section 2.4.

Specifically, the PER has been requested to address under the Terms of Reference the following mattersof NES:

Southern Cassowary (Casurarius casuarius johnsonii) (LE), including regional status, population sizeand distribution within the project site and adjacent habitat that may be impacted by the project.


Waterfall Frog (Litoria nannotis) (LE) and Common Mistfrog (Litoria rheocola) (LE), including regionalstatus, population size and distribution within the project site and adjacent habitat that may beimpacted by the project.

Red Goshawk (Erythrotriorchis radiatus) (LV) and the Australian Painted Snipe (Rostratula australis)(LV, also listed migratory), including regional status, population size and distribution within the projectsite and adjacent habitat that may be impacted by the project.

Flora species, Dendrobium Orchid (Dendrobium mirbelianum) (LE), Dendrobium nindii (LE),Eleocharis retroflexa (LV), Water Tassel-fern (Huperzia phlegmarioides) (LV).

Listed migratory bird species that could occur in the project area, including regional status,population size, distribution and the habitat that may be impacted by the project.

The purpose of this report is to summarise the methods and outcomes of the surveys undertaken insupport of the PER.

1.3 Project Study AreaThe Project Study Area comprises part of the catchment of the Mulgrave River itself, and part of thatarea of the Mulgrave River valley underlain by Quaternary alluvium, referred to as the Mulgrave Riveraquifer.

The Mulgrave River catchment includes only a small proportion of the Mulgrave River aquifer, howeverinformation related to catchment conditions, particularly as they relate to climate and surface and groundwater features, were used in developing the numerical ground water model upon which many of theassessments of impacts in this report are made.

Potential impacts of the project will be restricted to the environs of the Mulgrave River aquifer system,which comprises less than ¼ of the area of the total river catchment area. For the purposes of this PER,the Study Area is defined as areas of the Trinity Inlet catchment and the lower Mulgrave River valleybelow 20 m AHD and bounded (approximately) by points at:

17° 14’ S, 145° 57’ E;

17° 14’ S; 145° 55’ E,

17° 02’ S, 145° 45’ E; and

17° 02’ S, 145° 50’ E.

Both the location of the catchment and the aquifer area are described below in further detail and theStudy Area for the PER is shown in Figure 1. The Study Area for the PER was refined by the initialoutcomes of the predicted numerical groundwater model (as described in Section 3). The Study Areadoes not include the entire catchment, as significant areas of the catchment are not influenced by theaquifer system.

1.3.1 The Mulgrave River Catchment Area

The Mulgrave River catchment is located within the Wet Tropics of North Queensland, south of theregional centre of Cairns. Covering an area of approximately 810 km2 and with a mean annual dischargeof 770,000 ML, the catchment has one of the highest areas of mean annual runoff of any Australiancatchment. It receives high to very high annual rainfall, and takes in drainage sections of the Atherton


Tablelands on its western boundary and a number of coastal tributaries including the major streams ofBehana Creek and Little Mulgrave River.

Although most of the coastal plain has been developed for agriculture, with sugar cane production themost significant agricultural activity, the majority of the catchment is relatively pristine rugged mountainrange, with more than 50% of the total area lying within the Wet Tropics of Queensland World HeritageArea (WTQWHA).


2. Methodology

2.1 Background and ApproachThe PER is framed around the guidelines provided by the Commonwealth (Appendix A), and includesboth the specific matters identified in the Guidelines as well as assessing other matters of conservationsignificance in the Study Area.

Data for the assessment was sourced from multiple sources, and includes;

Initial data from background research, including public databases, published information and dataprovided by individual contributors.

Field Studies undertaken in support of the findings from the above background data research.

Data sources from studies undertaken specifically for the Cairns Regional Council as part of theMulgrave River Aquifer Feasibility Studies. This primarily includes data derived from two separateinvestigations for these Studies, namely a Numerical Groundwater Modelling Report and aHydrogeological Report; both of these reports are produced in Appendices D and E respectively.

The key area of investigation was the interaction of the ground water abstraction with the surface waterflows in the Study Area (notably that of Mulgrave and Behana Creek as the major waterways, but alsoconsidering other minor watercourses). Of particular importance was the assessment of the potentialimpact of a lessened water flow on the identified ecological values of the Study Area as a result ofabstraction.

2.2 Demarcation of the Aquifer Study AreaThe Study Area for the PER has been defined following hydrogeological investigations, the initialoutcomes of the Numerical Groundwater Modelling Report and the requirements of the CommonwealthPER Guidelines.

The area of influence of the Mulgrave River aquifer, in general, is defined by the occurrence of deepQuaternary alluvium occurring below the 20m contour interval, covering an expanse of approximately200 km2 both north and south of the Mulgrave River. This is a very large area, predominantly cleared forsugar cane, but retaining verges of riparian vegetation of varying ecological integrity along the banks ofthe major watercourses of the Mulgrave River and Behana Creek.

The study area for the PER does not include the entire aquifer area, as information from hydrogeologicalstudies and the numerical groundwater report have refined the area of potential impact for theconstruction and abstraction of the borefield. The area of study for the PER extends from the MulgraveRiver crossing of the Bruce Highway (near Gordonvale, southwards along the Mulgrave River to themarine environment interface at Deeral, approximately 25km downstream. East to west the study areafor the PER follows the 20m contour of the Graham Range (eastern side of the Mulgrave River valley)and extends to the 20m contour on Mt Sophia/Bellenden Ker Range on the western side. The StudyArea includes Behana Creek to a point approximately 500m westwards of the Bruce Highway at whichpoint the creek no longer forms part of the Mulgrave Aquifer with granite becoming the base geology, asopposed to sandy alluvium.


The Wet Tropics World Heritage Area intersects the Mulgrave Aquifer in only one location within the PERstudy area (see Figure 5), on the eastern bank of the Mulgrave River from an outlying spur of theGraham Range. To the south of the Study Area the WTWHA is entirely marine (Mutchero Inlet section)and while this forms the southern boundary of the Study Area for the purposes of the PER, this section ofthe WTWHA does not have any direct interaction with the Mulgrave River aquifer and is not within theaquifer area. The WTWHA boundary is approximately 4 km further up Behana Creek from the PERstudy area, and being upstream of the aquifer, on different geology, there are no direct or indirectconnections between the groundwater resources of the Mulgrave River aquifer (on alluvium) and theWTQWHA (on granite and at a starting elevation of approximately 40m AHD – Australian Height Datum).

The boundaries of the Study Area are shown in Figure 5 of the PER.

2.3 Field Investigation of Proposed Bore Hole SitesA field ecologist conducted an inspection of the proposed bore hole sites to document the the flora andfauna present in these areas. Photos were taken of the sites and any stands of vegetation wasdocumented along with opportunistic fauna observations. The results are presented in the followingsection.

2.4 Overview of Ecological Values DescriptionsEcological values within the PER Study Area that have the potential to be affected by the constructionand operation of the proposed borefield were defined and assessed using three key methodologies.

The initial ecological values identified as the “specific content” requirement of the CommonwealthPER Guidelines to Cairns Regional Council Water and Waste (refer Appendix A). These specificcontent guidelines nominated a list of fauna and flora species to be assessed, and in additionincluded requirements to assess the potential impact on the abstraction on general World Heritagevalues via salinity intrusion, ground settlement, and exposure of potential acid sulphate soils (PASS)amongst others.

A desktop database review on available published data; and

Following the above, a field inspection program to assess the likelihood of impact of the proposal onfauna and flora habitat values.

2.5 PER Guidelines

2.5.1 Specific Content Matters

The specific content matters required to be investigated and assessed in this PER as identified by theCommonwealth guidelines include the following:

Table 1: Summary of NES Matters Protected under Part 3 of the EPBC Act

Common Name Species EPBC Status Qld NCA1 Status

southern cassowary Casurarius casuarius johnsonii Endangered Endangered

1 Queensland Nature Conservation Act 1994 and associated Nature Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation 2006


Common Name Species EPBC Status Qld NCA1 Status

red goshawk Erythrotriorchis radiatus) Vulnerable Endangered

Australian painted snipe Rostratula australis2 Vulnerable & listedMigratory

Vulnerable

torrent tree frog Litoria nannotis Endangered Endangered

common mist frog Litoria rheocola Endangered Endangered

mangrove orchid Dendrobium mirbelianum Endangered Endangered

blue orchid Dendrobium nindii Endangered Endangered

sedge Eleocharis retroflexa Vulnerable Vulnerable

layered tassel-fern Huperzia phlegmarioides Vulnerable Vulnerable

The above list does not exclude the consideration of other NES species that may be present in the area,identified either through database searches or through observations in the field. Further details of theabove are provided in the Field Survey Results of this PER.

2.5.2 World Heritage Values

The following World Heritage Values of the Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage Area (WTQWHA)were identified in the PER guidelines as within the aquifer project zone of influence, and/or adjacent to orwithin the project area.

The project area potential zone of influence is generally demarcated as that area within the MulgraveRiver catchment on coastal alluvium (the “aquifer”) below 20 m AHD. A summary of the World HeritageValues within/adjacent to the aquifer project area is presented below. The specific impacts arediscussed further in this report.

Table 2 Summary of World Heritage Values within/adjacent Aquifer Area of Influence

Natural Criterion for World Heritage Listing Representation of Values adjacent/within WTQWHA

Outstanding examples representing the major stagesof the earth’s evolutionary history.

Representatives from Age of Pteridophytes, with numerous ferns presentin remnant riparian areas.

Primitive Gondwanan era angiosperm families represented, includingAnnonaceae, Eupomatiaceae, Myristicaceae, Lauraceae, Monimiaceaeare present in rainforest riparian areas of the Mulgrave River andtributaries

Representatives of mixing of continental biota (flora and fauna) presentin riparian rainforested areas.

Rainforest birds of Gondwanan origin present throughout remnantvegetation in the aquifer area.

Relict taxa from Cretaceous angiosperm families present in all rainforestremnant areas.

Plant taxa considered to occupy major nodal positions in the evolution ofangiosperms are represented in most remnant rainforest areas.

Outstanding examples representing significantongoing geological processes, biological evolutionand mans interaction with his natural environment.

It is noted that much of the diversity has been lost owing to past clearingwithin the Mulgrave Aquifer sphere of influence. Approximately 95% ofall vegetation has been cleared within the project area sphere of

2 Currently recognised under Qld legislation as syn: with Rostratula benghalensis australis


Natural Criterion for World Heritage Listing Representation of Values adjacent/within WTQWHAinfluence by cane farming, and whilst diversity is still high, it is very lowby comparison with the adjacent WHA.

Nevertheless, a high diversity of species is present within the projectarea, represented in a complex of remnant communities. The complexityis due to the mosaic of vegetation types and habitats represented,varying from sclerophyll, rainforest to mangrove remnant communities.

Area contains unique, rare or superlative naturalphenomena, formation or features of exceptionalnatural beauty.

The project area is bounded on either side by the WTQWHA, and thelower reaches of the Mulgrave River (in the WHA) represent anoutstanding example of estuarine natural beauty.

Area contains the most important and significanthabitats where threatened species of plants andanimals of outstanding universal value from the pointof view of science and conservation still survive.

A broad variety of habitats is represented in the study area, howeverowing to the generally low integrity of these habitats as a result ofclearing, important and significant habitats for species ofconservation/scientific interest are limited to the tidal and near-tidalreaches of the Mulgrave River, outside the zone of influence of theimpacts of the proposal.

2.6 Desktop and Database AssessmentsData on attributes of the study area have been collated from various sources. This includes dataobtained from web sites, database searches, digital and hardcopy mapping, various government agencysources and scientific literature. A review was completed of the available previous investigations, studiesand reports.

A general desktop database and spatial review was carried out on the documented environmental valuesof the area. This involved a review of relevant published information, particularly of known habitat of rareand threatened species. This review included:

Searches of the Department of Environment and Resource Management (DERM) (formerlyEnvironmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s)) Queensland Herbarium database (HERBRECS) forplant species records.

Specific searches of the Queensland Museum for recorded fauna species of conservationsignificance (Commonwealth EPBC listed and Queensland Nature Conservation Act listed species).

Searches of DERM’s (formerly EPA’s) Wildlife Online databases containing recorded wildlifesightings and listings of plants, fungi, protists, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, freshwater fish,marine cartilaginous fish, and butterflies.

Searches of the Commonwealth Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (DEWHA)Protected Matters Search tool was undertaken. The Protected Matters Search Tool identifiesmatters of National Environmental Significance (NES) that may occur within the area or have habitatsin the Study Area. These matters of NES are allocated varying conservation and managementstatus under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999(EPBC Act).

Analysis of the Regional Ecosystem Version 5.0 mapping and corresponding vegetation descriptions(Sattler and Williams 1999). The ecosystems mapped frequently contain a mixture of more than onevegetation type. Where this occurs, two or more RE labels are shown on the mapping with the mostcommon vegetation community, the dominant one, being listed first and the other communities(subdominant) listed in order of their areal extent within the polygon. Note that Essential Habitatmapping for species is performed at 2.2 km around selected coordinates.


The desktop data, combined with the specific assessment requirements of the PER data was collectedfrom various sources including published data, available reports, and on line and external databases. Alist of those species listed under the provisions of the Commonwealth EPBC Act as having habitat likelyto occur in the area was assessed to determine the specific target habitat areas for the PER fieldsurveys. All database searches are included in Appendix to this report however, the HERBRECS reportcould not be included as it was too large a file (580 pages).

Field surveys were designed to assess:

a) whether the habitats as identified in the field were habitats likely to support the species ofNational Environmental Significance (NES) identified in the background data collation;

b) the integrity of the habitats identified as suitable for these species (commenting only on thoseaspects that affect the integrity of the habitat: e.g. major weed invasion, pest species present);and

c) any actual observations of the targeted species.

Based on published and known habitat preferences for the species, distribution and range, and actualdata records it was determined that it was unlikely that a number of the species identified in the PERGuidelines were present within the PER Study Area. Notwithstanding, potential habitat for these specieswas examined to determine the likelihood of occurrence of these.

2.6.1 Fauna Field Surveys

Surveys were undertaken across those ecosystems identified as groundwater dependent, with thepotential to be affected by groundwater abstraction. This included riparian and instream communities,terrestrial communities on alluvium and on downstream wetland communities. Qualified botanists andecologists undertook the surveys with the surveys sites and areas stratified by habitat representation. Allhabitat and fauna surveys were in accordance with methodologies for assessment as outlined in theAustralian Museum’s “The Provision of Data for National Fauna Survey Standards:“ (DEH 2004) and asmodified for site specific conditions.

It should be noted that no field sampling for fish was undertaken. There are no Commonwealth or Statelisted fish species present in the Study Area, however there are a number of endemic speciesconsidered uncommon. These are considered in a separate section of this report which compiles adetailed assessment of the available data.

Reptiles and AmphibiansThe only large reptile that is water dependent and potentially vulnerable to impacts in the Study Area isthe salt-water crocodile. This species is known to occur in the Mulgrave River and the presence of thisdangerous species was confirmed through spotlighting undertaken by boat over a period of three nightsalong the reach of the Mulgrave River in the Study Area. It is not known to occur in the mid to uppersections of Behana Creek, but there are anecdotal sightings of crocodiles near the junction of Behanawithin the Mulgrave River.

The Commonwealth PER guidelines identified Litoria torrenticola (torrent tree-frog) and Litoria rheocola(common mist-frog) as specific target species. Neither of these species are known to occur in the StudyArea, although there is a sighting (not formally recorded) of L. torrenticola near the Study Area boundaryon upper Behana Creek. Surveys for both frogs were undertaken over a period of five nights and early


evenings, in areas of upper Behana Creek, and two nights and early evenings in a section of the WHAon the mid reaches of the Mulgrave River. Surveys were conducted between February and April, duringwet season conditions favourable to frogs. Surveys consisted of spotlighting and call playback overapproximately a length of 1 km of Behana Creek (above the Bruce Highway), and on a (un-named)tributary of the Mulgrave River within the WHA intersecting the river.

Birds

The Commonwealth identified three birds of NES that may occur in the Study Area. These included thered goshawk, southern cassowary and Australian painted snipe.

The red goshawk does not occur in the lower coastal areas of the Wet Tropics in the region, with noconfirmed records of the species within 200km of the Study Area, and no habitat suitable for this speciespresent. It was therefore considered exceptionally unlikely that this species would be present in thehighly agriculturally modified Mulgrave River Study Area. Not withstanding all raptors observed duringthe surveys were intensely scrutinised to determine whether or not they were red goshawks.

The southern cassowary has no records of occurrence within the Study Area, with the potential habitatreduced to isolated riparian pockets in an agricultural landscape with little to no connectivity with theWHA. The most obvious evidence of cassowary utilisation of an area is the presence of large scats,comprised predominantly of partially digested rainforest fruit. During the flora surveys any potential fruitpiles seen were examined for likelihood of being cassowary scats. Flora surveys were conducted overlarge sections of the Study Area, and it was considered likely that if cassowaries were present in theStudy Area then their scats should have been noted. There are actually no formal records forcassowaries in the Study Area, nor in the immediately adjacent WHA bordering the Mulgrave River valleyin the Study Area. The last confirmed cassowary sighting occurred over a decade ago in the lowerreaches of the Mulgrave River near Mutchero Inlet during land clearing for sugar cane.

The Australian painted snipe is a migratory species, likely to be transitory in the region for only a fewdays of each year within suitable wetland habitats. There are no wetlands within the Study Area.Extensive freshwater wetlands occur south at Eubanangee Swamp (Russell River), and tidal wetlandsoccur on the foreshore (ocean side) of the Mulgrave River estuary. There are a series of strandedlagoons (formed by changes owing to floods and deposition patterns) parallel to the Mulgrave River inthe mid to lower sections of the Study Area (such as Tanners Lagoon). These are not true wetlands andessentially serve as the terminus to a number of modified creeks now serving as agricultural drains.Australian painted snipe have not been recorded from the area, however during the migratory period(September to December) any migratory bird noted during field surveys for flora work were identified.Not surprisingly, given the lack of suitable habitat and the migratory transient nature of this species, itwas not recorded (nor were any other wetland migratory species noted).

For other birds a general log of sightings for potential species of conservation significance was keptduring the general habitat and flora assessment field work.

2.6.2 Flora Field Surveys

The Commonwealth identified four species of flora within the PER guidelines. Whilst surveys weretargeting these species in particular, records of other species of significance were also undertakenconcurrently. In addition to specific species, flora surveys were in accordance with the guidelinesproduced by the Qld Herbarium, Methodology for Survey and Mapping of Regional Ecosystem andVegetation Communities in Queensland (Neldner et al, 2005, version 3.1). Public access to some areas


was problematical, with permission not able to be obtained. These areas were minor and representativeareas of all habitats identified could be surveyed using a combination of boat access, public road andesplanade reserve, where landholder access was granted in many areas.

Flora surveys consisted of a series of transects through riparian vegetation parallel to the banks of theMulgrave River and Behana Creek. Flora transects were stratified on the basis of the conservationstatus of the vegetation community present, the potential vulnerability of the vegetation community togroundwater stresses, and potential as likely habitat to species of conservation significance. Moreemphasis was placed on establishing transects in vegetation meeting these criteria than in other areas(e.g. open grasslands on edge of canefields). The purpose of the flora surveys were not to list allpossible flora species that occurred in these transects but to:

Identify if any particular species of conservation interest were present;

Determine the general integrity and status of vegetation communities considered to be groundwaterdependent; and

Assess the general vulnerability of groundwater communities to abstraction.


3. Database Searches and Survey Results

3.1 Information SourcesExtensive reviews of available published and unpublished literature of the following species wasundertaken, and data obtained from the Queensland Herbarium database (HERBRECS), the DERM(formerly EPA) Wildlife Online and the Queensland Museum databases. These databases are updatedregularly and are the authoritative records of occurrence of fauna and flora in Queensland.

The database information was supplemented with information supplied by the Wet Tropics ManagementAuthority, DERM (formerly EPA), and anecdotal information from landholders in the study area.

Based on a review of the existing data and research information, field surveys were undertaken toascertain the habitat integrity of the listed species, their likely occurrence, and to assess likely impacts ofabstraction from the Mulgrave River aquifer on these species.

Surveys were undertaken both during the dry season (October 2006) and wet season (February 2007) totake into account seasonality of some of the species (non resident fauna species migratory through thearea, or flowering phenology for identification purposes of some plant species

The results of the surveys are presented in the following sections.

3.2 Species of National Environmental SignificanceSpecific matters of NES identified by the Commonwealth in the PER guidelines include:

Southern cassowary (Casurarius casuarius johnsonii);

Torrent frog (Litoria nannotis) and common mistfrog (Litoria rheocola);

Red goshawk (Erythrotriorchis radiatus) and the Australian painted snipe (Rostratula australis) (alsolisted migratory);

Flora species, Dendrobium orchid (Dendrobium mirbelianum), Dendrobium nindii (an orchid),Eleocharis retroflexa (a sedge), water tassel-fern (Huperzia phlegmarioides); and

Other listed migratory bird species that could occur in the project area that may be impacted by theproposal.

In addition to the specific species, a number of other EPBC Listed species were also identified, these arelisted below and included in the summaries following.

Table 3: Species of NES Identified as Occurring within the Study Area

Common Name Species EPBC Status Qld NCA3 Status Notes

antplant Myrmecodia beccarii Vulnerable Vulnerable Identified in field surveys

spectacled flying-fox Pteropus conspicillatus Vulnerable Not listed Identified in field surveys

white-bellied sea-eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster ListedMigratory

Not listed Identified in field surveys

3 Queensland Nature Conservation Act 1994 and associated Nature Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation 2006


Common Name Species EPBC Status Qld NCA3 Status Notes

estuarine crocodile Crocodylus porosus ListedMigratory

Vulnerable Identified in field surveys

3.2.1 Southern Cassowary

The southern cassowary (Casuarius casuarius johnsonii) is currently recognised as a north-eastQueensland endemic subspecies of a ratite species which occurs as the nominate subspecies ofCasuarius casuarius. As a member of the primitive ratite group, the bird has Gondwanic origins andaffiliations, and represents an example of one of the values for which much of its habitat within the WetTropics achieved World Heritage status in 1998 (Werren 1993).

Current populations are estimated at approximately 1,500 individuals in the Wet Tropics, although thismay be an optimistic estimation with other estimations as low as 1,000 from various research sources.Three distinct cassowary populations are known, two on Cape York Peninsula and one within the WetTropics biogeographic region. The Cape York Peninsula range of the species stretches over 350 kmalong the eastern part of the Cape between the Stewart River (Silver Plains) in the south and the JardineRiver in the north. Particular focus for management of the species occurs from the Paluma Range northof Townsville to the Big Tablelands near Cooktown, a distance of over 400 km.

In 1993 the Russell-Mulgrave catchment was considered to have moderate populations of cassowaries(Werren 1993), however continued clearing of habitat and draining of wetlands in the lower reaches ofthe Mulgrave River study area (notably east of the Mulgrave River near Mutchero Inlet) since 1993 hasresulted in the loss of the major cassowary habitat remaining in the lower Mulgrave River valley.

Survey ResultsSurveys between October 2006 and March 2007 were undertaken for evidence of cassowaries (scatsand actual sightings) in the forested sections of the southern part of the study area and in areas ofremnant forest continuous with the WTQWHA, and within the largest area of vegetated riparian habitatalong Behana Creek.

No evidence of cassowaries was noted, and anecdotal information from adjacent landholders indicatedthat none had been sighted in the general Study Area since approximately 1995.

Significant clearing in the past of the coastal plains and foothills between the Russell and MulgraveRivers has resulted in the elimination of the majority of habitat for the species. Much of the MulgraveRiver Catchment coastal plain has been substantially modified and cleared for agriculture and residentialdevelopment. Cane farming has significantly impacted the species in the area of the Mulgrave River,with little or no habitat left on freehold land in the area adjacent to the proposed bore field/supplyinfrastructure area.

At the local level of relevance to the Mulgrave River aquifer project, no cassowaries have been identifiedduring flora and fauna investigations of this study. Adjacent to the Mulgrave River Aquifer area,cassowary habitat is protected within the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area.

3.2.2 Red Goshawk (Erythrotriorchis radiatus)

The red goshawk is a large raptor with a total body length of 45-58 cm and a wingspan of 110-135 cm.For a nest, it builds a large platform of dead sticks lined with twigs and green leaves. The nest is located


in an exposed fork in the top of a living tree between 10 and 20 m above the ground. The same nestsites are used each year, and hence are relatively easy to identify when observed.

The species breeds from April to November in the northern part of its range and may start breeding fromAugust to November in the east. Females lay one or two eggs that hatch in 39-42 days, usually a fewdays apart.

The red goshawk has an enormous home range covering between 50 and 220 square kilometres. Itprefers a mix of vegetation types within its habitat including tall open forest, woodland, lightly treedsavanna and the edge of rainforest. The red goshawk nests in tall trees (>20 m) within 1 km of awatercourse or wetland (Debus and Czechura, 1988; Aumann and Baker-Gabb, 1991). It occurs overeastern Queensland and across northern Australia.

Much of the red goshawk's habitat has been cleared for urban development, agriculture and forestry.This has also reduced the availability of large nesting trees and prey. Heavy grazing and frequentburning may also contribute to a reduction in available prey. These are characteristics of the landscapeof the Mulgrave aquifer region, where agriculture and residential land has contributed to major loss ofhabitat for this species.

There are now fewer than 1,000 adult goshawks left, with only an estimated 30-35 pairs in the WetTropics. All of these are associated with sclerophyll/rainforest boundaries primarily in the western part ofthe WHA.

Field SurveysNo verified records exist for the red goshawk within the Study Area.

There is no suitable habitat identified as suitable for red goshawks within the Study Area and the specieswas not observed during surveys. All large raptor nests examined were of other species.

3.2.3 Australian Painted Snipe (Rostratula australis)

The Australian painted snipe is a poorly known wader inhabiting inland wetlands. The species derivesfrom, and is presently also known as Rostratula benghalensis australis = Rostratula australis.

The Australian painted snipe is usually found in shallow inland wetlands, either freshwater or brackish,that are either permanently or temporarily filled.

It seems likely that the total population of mature individuals of Australian painted snipe is most likelygreater than 1,000 mature individuals (DEWR 2007c). The population size is not known, but Watkins(1993) estimated the population to be 1,500, while Garnett and Crowley (2000) estimated the populationto be 5,000 breeding birds. There is no other quantitative data available.

The trends in the available data and evidence are consistent and considered to be sufficient enough toindicate that the Australian painted snipe has declined substantially in numbers, with possible declines ofup to 90% (DEWR 2007c). The decline has been prolonged, is widespread and has occurred overvarious wet and dry cycles. The closest known primary habitat area is in the Fitzroy River Basin(approximately 1000km south), however there are occasional reports from sub-coastal northQueensland, particularly around population centres where there are extensive sub-coastal plains withmany shallow wetlands.


The lack of shallow freshwater or brackish wetlands within the Study Area would suggest that availablesuitable habitat for this species is extremely restricted and it is unlikely, from a habitat utilisationperspective, that this species would be present in the Study Area.

The likely causes of the decline of the Australian painted snipe are habitat modification and loss. Thespecies has probably suffered considerably from wetland drainage and the diversion of water from rivers,which means that shallow wetlands, its key habitat, never form. There are no freshwater wetlands withinthe area of the Proposed Action.

Survey Results

This species has not been recorded within the study area and was not identified during the field surveys.Preferable habitat for the species is not present, and it is extremely unlikely that the species would utiliseany part of the Study Area.

3.2.4 Waterfall Frog (Litoria nannotis)

A moderately large robust species, with males 31.6 - 52.1 mm and females 48.2 – 59 mm in length. Thespecies is restricted to rocky stream habitats in rainforest or wet sclerophyll forest where there is fastflowing water, waterfalls and cascades (DEWR 2007b). Unlike most stream-breeding frog species thatlive in the adjacent forest and use the stream habitat for breeding, both male and female Waterfall Frogsuse the stream as primary habitat throughout the year (DEWR 2007b). Tadpoles of the Waterfall Frogare predominantly found in fast flowing sections of streams, in riffles or torrents, adhering to rocks.

L. nannotis was not considered to be at risk as recently as 1990 (McDonald 1992, McDonald et al. 1991).Since 1990 population declines have been noted at upland sites throughout the Wet TropicsBiogeographical Region.

The entire known distribution of this species is protected within the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area,with 42.4% of known collection sites located within national parks, 53.1% within forestry reserves, 1.5%in other reserves and 3% on private lands (Northern Queensland Threatened Frogs Recovery Team2001).

Field SurveysThe species was observed during surveys by GHD in the upper reaches of Behana Creek within theWooroonooran National Park (outside the Study Area, but on a tributary of the Mulgrave River). It wasnot observed in the Study Area and is extremely unlikely to occur in the slow moving and sluggishsections of Behana Creek and the Mulgrave River in the Study Area).

3.2.5 Common Mistfrog (Litoria rheocola)

A moderate size frog, with males 27 - 36.4 mm and females 31.7 - 41.2 mm in length. This speciesappears to be confined to rainforest areas of the Atherton Tableland and surrounding areas in north-eastern Queensland rainforest and wet sclerophyll forest between altitudes 0 and 1180 metres. It isfound among rocks and logs in and beside swift mountain streams and waterfalls into which it jumpswhen disturbed (Connolly, Doak, and Pearson, 2006). L. rheocola is one of seven species of frogsoccurring in the upland rainforest streams of north-eastern Queensland which have undergone rapid andsubstantial population declines in the last decade (Ingram and McDonald 1993, Richards et al 1993,Trennery et al 1994). Some factors affecting population size and distribution are known, but one or moremajor factors are unknown.


Survey ResultsThere are no records of L. rheocola as occurring within the Study Area, and the species was notidentified during surveys. The range of surface water features in the Mulgrave River aquifer study areaare not generally regarded as potential habitat for this species which is primarily restricted to fast flowingstreams.

The entire distribution of this species is protected within the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area, with32.6% of known collection sites located within national parks, 49.4% within forestry reserves, 5.6% inother reserves and 12.4% on private lands (Northern Queensland Threatened Frogs Recovery Team2001).

3.2.6 Mangrove Orchid (Dendrobium mirbelianum)

Mangrove orchid is widely recorded in the area from Northern Australia to Papua New Guinea as amedium to gigantic sized, low growing epiphyte in coastal lowland forests and swamps, or lithophyte onexposed rock outcrops in savannah regions. In north Queensland records are from tidally influencedvegetation complexes, primarily mangroves. The orchid is distinctive, with basally swollen, cane-like andleafy above carrying many, oval to ovate, thick, leathery, dark green with purple stripes leaves. Flowersare on a terminal or axillary, 20 to 45 cm long, horizontal to gracefully arching, several to many [10 to 30]flowered inflorescence with waxy, glossy, heavy textured flowers arising on old or leafed mature canes.Flowers occur throughout the year, often more than once.

Owing to its desirability, the plant has been heavily harvested from the wild and is now extremely difficultto locate in easily accessible areas.

Survey ResultsThe species has potential habitat within the intertidal mangrove swamp areas of the lower Study Areaabout Mutchero Inlet. These areas were surveyed by boat and where possible (and safe owing tocrocodile presence) transects were undertaken in potential habitat areas. No examples were noted.

There are no records from the Queensland Herbarium or the DERM (formerly Queensland EPA) WildlifeOn-line databases of any known records of this species.

3.2.7 Blue Orchid (Dendrobium nindii)

The blue orchid is a distinctive epiphytic orchid forming tall, slender clumps with leathery dark greenleaves to 15 cm long, and long stems bearing sprays of 10-20 flowers. The species is known to occurnorth of the Johnstone River area, favouring lowland coastal swamps and occasionally lowland gorgesand occurs as far north as Papua New Guinea. It is a highly desirable plant for cultivation, and wildpopulations have been systematically harvested into near extinction. Additionally, many of the coastallowland swamps have been drained and cleared for agriculture (including nearly all swamps in theMulgrave River Study Area), and as a result habitat opportunities are extremely limited.

Survey Results

Typical coastal habitats (predominantly mangrove dominated areas) were examined in the lower reachesof the Mulgrave River but the species was not identified in any of the sites examined. There are norecords from the Queensland Herbarium or the Queensland DERM (formerly EPA) Wildlife On-linedatabases of any known records of this species in the Study Area.


The species was not observed in the Study Areas though areas of likely habitat are present in the lowerreaches of the Mulgrave River about Mutchero Inlet.

3.2.8 Eleocharis retroflexa

Elaeocharis retroflexa is a semi-submerged member of the Cyperaceae family (sedges). It is a smallsedge with 4-angled to 0.2 mm stems to 10 cm tall and grows in shallow water on the margins ofseasonal swamps on lateritic substrates typical of the lower reaches of the adjacent Russell/MulgraveRiver systems. Drainage of the lower areas of the Mulgrave River of much of the freshwater swamps ofthe study area had drastically reduced available habitat for this species.

Survey ResultsGroundwater dependent freshwater sedge swamps are now absent in the Mulgrave River aquifer area,and field surveys did not identify any suitable habitat nor identify any individuals of this species. Thereare no records from the Queensland Herbarium or by the Queensland DERM (formerly EPA) Wildlife On-line databases of any known records of this species. Suitable habitat (and all known records of thespecies) is known from the adjacent Russell River catchment.

3.2.9 Layered Tassel Fern (Huperzia phlegmarioides)

This species of tassel-fern is epiphytic and is a desirable horticultural species listed as Vulnerable underthe Nature Conservation Act 1992, and Vulnerable nationally (Environment Protection and BiodiversityConservation Act 1999) owing to a combination of harvesting in the wild and habitat clearing. Thespecies is primarily associated with coastal lowland rainforests, and has a range extending from the wettropics to Cape York Peninsula. Clearing of the majority of the lowland coastal rainforests in theMulgrave River area has severely reduced available habitat opportunities and the species was notobserved in the study area during field surveys.

Survey ResultsThis species was extensively searched for in riparian rainforest communities, particularly the WHAsection adjacent the Mulgrave River in the middle/lower reaches of the Study Area. The species is notknown to occur in the Study area, with no formal records from the Queensland Herbarium or theQueensland DERM (formerly EPA) Wildlife On-line database.

The species was not observed in the survey areas during field investigations, and given the highlydisturbed and fragmented nature of much of the riparian coastal lowland area is unlikely to be present.

3.2.10 Ant Plant (Myrmecodia beccarii)

This epiphytic species was identified during the field surveys in 2007. The species is generallyassociated with the intertidal area of the lower Mulgrave, particularly in mangrove forests on the edge ofthe landward side.

The species was not common, with only three individuals observed. All the observations were on theextreme southern boundary of the Study Area, and were in areas not predicted to be impacted by anyabstraction from the Mulgrave River aquifer, as the host species habitat for this species is tidallydependent and not groundwater dependent.


Myrmecodia beccarii (ant plant), one of three

individuals observed in melaleuca forest at the

southern extremity of the Study Area.

3.2.11 Spectacled Flying fox (Pteropus conspicillatus)

The spectacled flying fox has declined rapidly in population numbers in the last two decades as a resultof habitat clearing and loss of foraging areas, and has been identified as ‘vulnerable’ by theCommonwealth under the provisions of the EPBC. Flying foxes are a common sight in the region, butlarge flocks are now a rarity. Flying foxes were observed on a number of occasions as individuals or insmall family groups within the aquifer study area, but only one camp (of several hundred bats) waslocated in the lower Mulgrave on the edge of Mutchero Inlet in a mixed mangrove/paperbark community.It is likely that the riparian vegetation along the Mulgrave River provides important foraging for thisspecies, which specialises in rainforest (and orchard) fruits, and in blossoms particularly of paperbark(melaleuca) species. However, owing to the limited extent of remnant riparian vegetation only very smallpopulations of flying foxes could be expected to be supported by the riparian vegetation alone and it ismore likely that the extensive rainforest of the WTQWHA adjacent the Study Area provide the criticalresources necessary for this species.

3.2.12 White-breasted Sea-eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster)

This eagle is the second largest eagle in Australia (after the wedge-tailed eagle) and is an extremelydistinctive large bird. This bird was identified roosting on trees and in flight over in the lower MulgraveRiver, near the Deeral Landing. It is a nomadic species and is listed as Migratory under the provisions ofthe EPBC, although it tends to be more nomadic within a large home range than truly migratory.

This species nests in tall emergent trees near water, and it is highly probable that this species could havea nest somewhere in the study area, although no nest was located. As its name suggests this speciesprimarily frequents the coastline, although it has been formally recorded in western Queensland,emphasising the huge area that this species can cover.

The eagle will prey on virtually any animal, but particularly includes fish (which it actively takes from thewater), mammals, waterfowl and will eat carrion such as dugong carcasses or trawler bycatch washed upon beaches.


3.2.13 Estuarine Crocodile (Crocodylus porosus),

The estuarine (or salt-water) crocodile is ubiquitous in coastal rivers and streams in northern Australia,and its presence should be anticipated in any such water in the tropics. It was expected that during fieldsurveys GHD staff encountered three different reptiles (two in excess of three metres long) in variousparts of the Mulgrave River, and given the territoriality of the species it is highly probable each animalhad a home range that was roughly centred on its location.

Crocodiles will feed on almost any prey, and the abundance of fish (and feral pigs in the lower Mulgrave)ensures that a ready resource is always available.

The largest animal was identified in the lower Mulgrave River (Mutchero Inlet) in an area of mixedwetland/rainforest mosaic, and these vegetation complexes are often the preferred areas for femalecrocodiles to build nests for egg incubation away from the main river channel. Opportunities for nestingare extremely limited outside the Mutchero Inlet area as the vegetation outside the immediate tidalestuary area has primarily been cleared, and where present is mostly complex rainforest unsuitable fornesting.

Estuarine crocodile on banks ofMulgrave River near Aloomba

3.3 Queensland Species of Conservation SignificanceIn addition to the species identified by the Commonwealth in the PER guidelines, field surveys identifieda number of other listed protected species during the course of the field work. These include plantslisted under the EPBC and the Queensland Nature Conservation Act.

Four other plant species of conservation significance were confirmed as occurring within the aquiferstudy area as a result of the field investigations, these included:

Myrmecodia beccarii (ant plant); listed as Vulnerable under the EPBC and Vulnerable under theQueensland Nature Conservation Act;


Torrenticola queenslandica (no common name), listed as Vulnerable under the Queensland NatureConservation Act;

Pseuduvaria mulgraveana, listed as Rare under the Queensland Nature Conservation Act.

Polyalthia patinata (syn. Polyalthia sp Wyvuri B.P.Hyland RFK2632) listed as Rare under theQueensland Nature Conservation Act.

3.3.1 Myrmecodia beccarii

Previously described in the Section above.

3.3.2 Torrenticola queenslandica

This species is a submerged macrophyte growing as a lithophyte on granite boulders in fast flowingreaches of rainforest streams commonly encountered in the Wet Tropics. This species was identifiedbeneath the Bruce Highway crossing of Figtree Creek (refer Figure 10) growing as a colony on granitesubstrate. This was on the very edge of the Study Area (approximately 20m AHD). There wereadditional sightings of this species in other streams, but all of these were westwards of the Study Area athigher altitudes within the WHA.

Torrenticola queenslandica

growing on granite substrates in

Figtree Creek underneath the

Bruce Highway bridge over the

creek.

3.3.3 Pseuduvaria mulgraveana var mulgraveana

Pseuduvaria mulgraveana var. mulgraveana is a small tree/shrub, and three individuals were identified inriparian rainforest in the middle to lower reaches of the Mulgrave River. The species is commonly foundin mesophyll and complex mesophyll rainforest in the area south of Cairns, and its presence in complexmesophyll vine forest in the Study Area is not unexpected. The species tolerates a range of soil anddrainage conditions, but is more common on the well drained lower ridges and footslopes of the adjacentfoothills than in coastal, less well drained soils. It is not a species directly reliant on groundwaterresources, but in the location that it was identified in the surrounding community was considered to beseasonally groundwater dependent.


Pseuduvaia mulgraveana var

mulgravean in complex mesophyll

vine forest on alluvium in the

mid/lower reaches of the Mulgrave

River

3.3.4 Polyalthia patinata

This is a small to medium tree (to 20m) of relatively common occurrence in rainforest in coastal areasbetween Cairns and Innisfail. In the Study Area one tree and one sapling (same locality) were identifiedin rainforest on the banks of the Mulgrave River near the southern end of the Study Area (towardsMutchero Inlet). The species was observed in a community dominated by feather palms(Archontonphoenix alexandrae) which are considered to be very vulnerable to changes in groundwaterstatus.

Locations for all the survey results are provided in the Figure over.


Figure 1: Regional Ecosystem Conservation Status and Protected Species Observation


3.4 Pest SpeciesThe two primary invasive species of concern are the introduced fish Tilapia mariae (mangrove cichlid ortilapia), and the widespread tree Annona glabra (pond apple). Both species are abundant and locallydominant in the Mulgrave River aquifer study area and are also present in Behana Creek. The MulgraveRiver is a major research study area by government agencies in terms of examining the impacts of bothof these species. There is interest in the potential change of river base flows as a result of abstraction onthe abundance and distribution of these species. Two serious riparian weed grass species Hymenachneamplexicaulis and Urochloa mutica (para grass) also occur in the Mulgrave River aquifer study area.

3.4.1 Tilapia mariae

Tilapia can mature from 9-18 cm in smaller sizes but can measure up to 40 cm in total length. Adultshave a strongly compressed and oval-shaped body, with large eyes, rounded snout and small mouth withthickened lips, compared to that of the juveniles. Both sexes are similar in size and appearance withdark olive green to light yellow green with 8-9 dark bars (less evident in adults and 2-6 large dark spotsalong middle of side between the bars (JCU, 2006).

It is mainly planktivore (feeding on unicell algae), but is an opportunistic feed on filamentous and bluegreen algae, detritus, leafy aquatic plants, invertebrates and fish eggs (JCU, 2006).

Tilapia mariae

Tilapia inhabits still or flowing water in rocky or mud-bottom areas, in both non-tidal and estuarinereaches. It was introduced to Australia for aquarium trade and is now present in three catchments innorthern Queensland: the Barron River, the Mulgrave-Russell system and the North and SouthJohnstone Rivers system (JCU, 2006).

Tilapia are distributed in the Mulgrave River from the tidal areas in the Deeral township locality to areasupstream of the river outside of the aquifer area (to at least Peets Bridge). It occurs in Behana Creek,but do not prefer faster flowing or saline habitats. It is known to breed in all cane drains, minorwaterways, as well as Behana Creek downstream of the Bruce Highway and the Mulgrave River itself.

Unlike many native freshwater fishes, tipalia are able to retreat downstream into highly saline watersduring drought and move back upstream when conditions improve. This ability gives them theadvantage to live in a more conducive habitat than the native fish species.


Tilapia invasion to local river systems have dominated many aquatic habitats due to its highly efficientreproductive strategy, simple food requirements and its ability to live in a variety of conditions. Inaddition, its aggressiveness helps effectively in competing for habitat and food (DPI&F, 2009).

3.4.2 Annona glabra

Annona glabra, pond apple, is a widespread small tree originally introduced as rootstock for thecommercial custard apple in 1912. It is a semi-deciduous tree that grows to 3-6 m in height and canreach up to 15 m.

The tree is now a widespread pest of artificial drains, riverbanks, and most brackish and tidally influencedswamps in north Queensland. It covers around 2000 ha of the wet tropics between Cardwell andCooktown.

The pond apple seeds and fruits are easily dispersed by water and animals, which contributes to its widedistribution. This tree requires moist soil with regular inundations of fresh to brackish water (DPI&F,2007).

Pond apple is a major environmental weed of the Wet Tropics bioregion of Far North Queensland and aWeed of National Significance (WONS). It has an alarming ability to invade relatively undisturbed areas.It is also a pioneering tree and will opportunistically invade areas after disturbance such as cyclones andfloods. Disturbed flood-prone ecosystems are most at risk from pond apple invasion, particularlymangroves, melaleuca woodlands, riparian areas, drainage lines, coastal dunes and islands (DPI&F,2007).

Field SurveysPond apple was widespread and evident in most reaches of the Mulgrave River and Behana Creek. Thedensest areas of infestation were observed in the lower reaches of the Mulgrave River, where maturepond apple was observed overtopping the canopy of many rainforest trees in these areas with estimatedheights exceeding 20m. These areas were generally in the intertidal areas of the Mulgrave River andsubject to a daily tidal variation in river height. Generally isolated individuals and small groves wereidentified the entire length of the Mulgrave River, and lower Behana Creek. The species was lesscommon in the mid – reaches of Behana Creek, and not observed in the reaches of Behana Creekabove the Bruce Highway.

3.4.3 Hymenachne (Hymenachne amplexicaulis)

This weed is a perennial, robust grass to 2.5 m tall and can grow above or below water, with its roots inthe ground. Introduced as a ponded pasture species, hymenachne occurs in all seasonally floodedtropical wetlands, which makes the Mulgrave River valley a conducive habitat. Its ability to reproduceboth from seed and broken stem fragments makes this species amenable to rapid distribution by bothanimals (particularly water birds) and flooding events.

Being an aggressive species, hymenachne can outcompete many native species, and in areas of denseinfestations precludes seedling establishment and creates conditions favourable to the entrapment ofsediment, enabling further recruitment of the species.


Field Surveys

Hymenachne does not tolerate brackish water and does not thrive in well shaded areas. The greatestdensity of hymenachne was observed in cane drains, minor tributaries and along open banks of theMulgrave River and Behana Creek where riparian cover was minimal, in the mid to upper reaches of bothsystems.

3.4.4 Para grass (Urochloa mutica)

Para grass (Urochloa mutica) is a perennial grass and ubiquitous to North Queensland tropical streams.It grows up to 1 m in height with hollow and robust stems and generally dominates the shallow water andbanks of any area of disturbed riparian habitat along the freshwater margins of all streams in the WetTropics. Similar to hymenachne, the species was introduced as a ponded pasture fodder species, andsince has become well established in north Queensland wetlands and waterways. This plant can be avery aggressive invader, particularly in low-lying ungrazed areas and in sugar cane crops. It is oftenfound in wet situations, especially drains, but will also grow in deep soils in non-swampy areas. Theability to thrive in wet areas highlights its potential as a threat to natural wetland ecosystems.

Field SurveysParagrass cannot establish in deep (below .5 to 1m) water, and cannot tolerate saline conditions orareas of deep shade. Consequently the species is not established in densely vegetated rainforest cladriparian areas, but rapidly colonises sand and gravel bars, disturbed banks and areas of poor ripariancover. This grass was observed to dominate most open riparian areas along both the Mulgrave Riverand Behana Creek, sometimes in association with hymenachne, which is able to establish in deeperwater.

3.5 Vegetation CommunitiesThe Mulgrave River aquifer area is generally demarcated by the extent of alluvium deposition in the rivervalley, approximating the 20 m topographic contour line.

Within this boundary the Mulgrave River valley has been extensively cleared, with less than 10% of theoriginal vegetation remaining. This remnant vegetation consists primarily as a discontinuous band ofriparian vegetation on the Mulgrave River and tributaries. The largest tract of continuous vegetation inthe Study Area is in the southern section, and consists primarily of extensive mangrove and mixedintertidal swamps areas at the limit of the aquifers.

Regional ecosystems are the basis upon which the Vegetation Management Act 1999 (VMA) is based.Across Queensland the Environmental Protection Agency (now DERM) has mapped and classifiedvegetation based on parent geology and substrate, landform and floristic composition. These mappedunits are referred to as ‘regional ecosystems’ and are conferred a conservation status under the VMAbased on the threat level to the regional ecosystem across the state and on the remaining proportion ofthe regional ecosystem by comparisons with pre-clearing (eg: comparison between before Europeansettlement and current extent of clearing of that regional ecosystem).

Over 90% of the Study Area has been cleared of vegetation, which in pre-European times was primarilya mosaic dominated by various rainforest regional ecosystems. Across the state, the particular types ofrainforest that dominated the Mulgrave River valley have been cleared to less than 25% of its originalextent, and consequently the majority of the vegetation in the Mulgrave River aquifer study area has


been classified as endangered’ under the Vegetation Management Act 1999 (refer Table 4). Thirteenregional ecosystems occur within the aquifer study area. Of these, five are classified under theVegetation Management Act as endangered, two are classified as ‘of concern’, and the remaining six areclassified as ‘not of concern’. The most extensive of the remnant vegetation in the aquifer area ofinfluence is endangered complex/mixed mesophyll vine forest types, typified by species which have aseasonal groundwater dependency.

The remnant regional ecosystems represented in the study area can be broadly broken down intogroundwater dependent ecosystems (riparian vegetation, swamp/swales and other such communities)and non-groundwater dependent ecosystems (generally vegetation above the 20m contour interval), andincluding some eucalypt and bloodwood dominated communities.

The groundwater dependent ecosystems can be further subdivided into two types: an obligate riparianecosystem reliant on a combination of groundwater/surface interactions, and the other an entirelygroundwater dependent system. The first is the representative riparian vegetation of the Mulgrave Riverand tributaries, consisting of a mosaic of vegetation (mostly rainforest) communities with distinctivespecies assemblages. The second are obligate groundwater ecosystems (palm/tea tree swamps) to befound in the vegetation communities of the lower Mulgrave River, adjacent Mutchero inlet, and extendinga short way up the Mulgrave River into the aquifer study area.

The non-swamp vegetation communities are primarily seasonally dependent on the aquifer. That is, it isground water dependent during the dry season, and maintained by surface water infiltration during therest of the year. These seasonally dependent ground water ecosystems are represented along most ofthe length of the Mulgrave River by varied mosaics of riparian rainforest dominated regional ecosystems.A summary of the regional ecosystems and their groundwater dependency is shown in the followingtable.


Table 4: Summary of Regional Ecosystems and Groundwater Dependencies

Regional Ecosystem ConservationStatus under theQld VegetationManagement Act

Notes Groundwater Dependency

Mangrove forests on coastal lowlandsaline alluvial soils (RE 7.1.1)

Not of Concern Extensive areas occur to thenorth of Gordonvale andsurrounding Mutchero Inlet.

Not connected to theaquifer. Not dependent ongroundwater interactions.

Alexandra palm (Archontophoenixalexandrae) swamp vine forest onvery wet poorly drained fertilelowlands (RE 7.3.3). (see note at endof section).

Endangered Occurs primarily at southernend of aquifer at thelandward interface ofintertidal and terrestrialecosystems.

Groundwater dependentvegetation. Two variationspresent of this type, withvarying degrees ofdependency. Groundwaterto these communitiessupplied by primarily surfacerunoff from the MalbonThomson Ranges, and notfrom aquifer.

Swamp paperbark (Melaleucaquinquenervia) open forest on verywet and wet poorly drained lowlands(RE 7.3.5)

Of Concern Small areas occur aroundMutchero Inlet.

Groundwater dependentecosystem. Oncewidespread in lowerMulgrave River, nowreduced to small remnantsin

Paperbark (Melaleuca leucadendra ±M. quinquenervia ± M. dealbata) openforest, ± an under storey of vine forestspecies, on very wet poorly drainedlowlands (RE 7.3.6).

Endangered Occurs primarily at southernend of aquifer, although asmall area occurs along astream feeding into TrinityInlet.

Seasonally groundwaterdependent. Reliant onsurface flows during wetseason, but groundwaterdependent during dry.

Coastal floodplain forest redgum/melaleuca (Eucalyptustereticornis/Melaleuca spp.) openforest complex on moist to very wetpoorly drained lowlands (RE 7.3.7).

Endangered Occurs primarily at southernend of aquifer study area.Occurs entirely within theWorld Heritage Area.

Groundwater dependentecosystem, but outside thesphere of influence of theMulgrave River aquifer.

Complex mesophyll vine forest onvery wet well drained fertile lowlandalluvial soils (RE 7.3.10)

Endangered Mapped with othercommunities along themiddle reaches of theMulgrave River and tributarystreams.

Seasonally groundwaterdependent. During dryseasons and low flow eventsmaintained by aquiferconnection to riparian areas.

Forest red gum (Eucalyptustereticornis) woodland, or popular gum(E. platyphylla) and Clarkson'sbloodwood (Corymbia clarksoniana)woodland on very wet to wet, welldrained lowland alluvial soils (RE7.3.12).

Endangered Occurs in Mulgrave Valleyupstream of the BruceHighway Bridge. Alsomapped in small areasaround Trinity Inlet.

Seasonally groundwaterdependent during prolongeddry season events.

Complex mesophyll vine forest onvery wet, well drained lowland andfoothill piedmont fans (RE 7.3.17)

Not of Concern Occurs primarily on foothillssurrounding aquifer area.

Not a groundwaterdependent ecosystem, buthas many species sharedwith riparian complexrainforest.

Pink bloodwood (Corymbiaintermedia) woodland on moist to drymetamorphic foothills and uplands(RE 7.11.19)

Not of Concern Occurs primarily on foothillssurrounding aquifer area.

Not a groundwaterdependent ecosystem, noconnection to the aquifer.


Regional Ecosystem ConservationStatus under theQld VegetationManagement Act

Notes Groundwater Dependency

Mesophyll riparian vine forest on moistwell drained lowland alluvial levees(RE 7.3.22)

Of Concern Riparian community occurs insmall patches along theMulgrave River lower BehanaCreek and streams feedinginto Trinity Inlet.

Seasonally groundwaterdependent. During dryseasons and low flow eventsmaintained by aquiferconnection to riparian areas.

Riparian herbfield/shrubland on riverand stream bed alluvia (RE 7.3.28)

Endangered The community is mappedalong the Mulgrave River asfar as the tidal limit.

Seasonally groundwaterdependent. During wetseason is completelyinundated, but during dryseason reliant on aquiferconnection.

Complex notophyll vine forest withkauri pine (Agathis robusta)emergents on moist metamorphicfoothills and uplands (RE 7.11.7)

Not of Concern Occurs on foothills and hillswith a southerly to easterlyaspect surrounding aquiferarea.

Not a groundwaterdependent ecosystem, noconnection to aquifer.

Red stringy bark (Eucalyptus pellita)woodland of the wet to moistmetamorphic lowlands and foothills(RE 7.11.17)

Not of Concern Mapped on foothills and hillssurrounding aquifer area.

Not a groundwaterdependent ecosystem in thestudy area, no directconnection to the aquifer.


3.6 Regional Ecosystem Types and IntegrityThe Mulgrave River aquifer area is dominated by rural land uses although there is an increasingexpansion of residential development particularly in the upper Mulgrave River valley, and in the areaabout Gordonvale. Although the Mulgrave River catchment has had extensive development ofagriculture, particularly sugar cane in the middle and lower reaches, the upper reaches are well protectedby World Heritage listing. Within the immediate aquifer study area, less than 10% of the originalvegetation of the Mulgrave River coastal valley remains, and faunal habitats have consequently beensubjected to a variety of ongoing impacts.

Habitats within the aquifer Study Area are represented by the following:

Terrestrial habitats – naturally vegetated areas now comprising primarily discontinuous riparianvegetation along the Mulgrave River and associated tributaries;

Intertidal and wetland habitats – areas of lower Mulgrave River influenced by tidal activity andcomprising a mosaic of vegetation community types dominated by mangroves;

Estuary (marine) habitats – the extreme lower end of the study area with permanent saline waterpresent; and

Freshwater habitats – instream habitats with little to no tidal impacts and dominated by freshwaterflows.

The river maintains natural in-stream connectivity by virtue of its perennial nature and replenishment viawet season flows. However, some in-stream habitat values have been lost due to reduced riparianvegetation and intensive land use such as grazing and cropping. The intensive land use and reducedriparian vegetation have resulted in sedimentation and changes to the natural habitat (Rayment andBohl, 2002). Despite the regular heavy rainfall experienced in the area, lower floodplain areas havebeen extensively drained and cleared. Where the area was once dominated by lowland rainforest andwetlands, there is little remnant habitat remaining.

Each of the habitats represented has been affected by anthropogenic activity at differing levels, andsubsequently the integrity of each of the above is consequentially variable. These habitat types alsohave differing attributes in relation to their vulnerability to impacts arising from abstraction from theMulgrave River aquifer.

3.6.1 Groundwater Dependent Systems and Conservation Status

Feather palm swamp wetlands are found in the lowland floodplain and estuarine complexes of riverdrainage systems. They occur in very wet lowland swamps, generally less than 15 m above sea level,on waterlogged alluvial soils where the watertable is always very high. The soils of these areas arederived from basaltic and granitic parent material, and are generally highly fertile when drained. Theagricultural potential of these wetlands was recognised soon after European settlement andconsequently they have largely been cleared. Those that remain today are generally on poorer soils.Feather palms get their common name from their pinnate (featherlike) leaves that reach up to two metreslong. The palms grow to approximately 20 m tall and dominate the swamp wetland, with up to 150 000stems per hectare in some sites. Seedling palms form up to 95% of the total number of palm stems.

Feather palm swamp wetlands formerly occurred on the coastal plain most frequently between Tully andCairns. However, from an original extent of 4 648 ha, less than 1 821 ha of feather palm swamp


wetlands remain in scattered remnants extending along the coastal strip from just north of the DaintreeRiver in the north to just south of Ingham in the south (a range of only 225 km). Of this, the majority(1 013 ha) of feather palm swamp wetland remnants occur on national park tenure. A further 631 haoccur on freehold land — commonly on agricultural land as strips and patches along drainage lines.

This community was previously a distinctive feature of the lower Mulgrave River Study Area, and nowonly exists as endangered remnants in the southern and lower middle reaches of the Mulgrave River.

Two types of feather palm swamp wetland occur in different positions along the Mulgrave River (Stantonand Stanton, 2004, Small 1999): a “Barringtonia type” occurs on low-lying aggrading sediments, and hasfreshwater mangrove Barringtonia racemosa as a commonly occurring subcanopy species. Thisvariation is present in the lower middle reaches of the Mulgrave River and is directly groundwaterdependent on the aquifer/river connection.

A second feather palm swamp wetland type occurs in topographical depressions in alluvial areas remotefrom active channels. These primarily occur in the lower reaches of the Mulgrave River near Mutcheroinlet, and are more often on the landward side of the intertidal zone. Its presence in saline influencedareas is made possible by the surface water runoff from Malbon Thompson Range ameliorating theintertidal saline conditions. These remnants contain species that are shared with adjacent mesophyllvine forests and are more floristically complex than other feather palm community variation. In a 1998study (CSIRO Hopkins and Graham), 191 species of plants were recorded in feather palm swampwetlands. Of these, 60% were scattered emergent trees, some reaching 36 m in height, each speciesgenerally occurring only in small numbers, and often in only a few individual sites. Other plants includeda variety of shrubs, vines, epiphytes and herbs. Most species in the palm swamp wetlands were foundrelatively widespread in other forest types beyond the feather palm swamp wetlands, and often reflectedthe species composition of neighbouring rainforest communities.

Feather palms have very shallow root systems (less than 2 m) that are incapable of reaching anygroundwater at depth, and are not considered to be ground water dependent on the resources of theMulgrave River aquifer in the landscape positions in which they occur. In the Mutchero Inlet area, at thejunction of the Russell/Mulgrave Rivers, the juxtaposition of the communities to the Bellenden Ker Range(which receives in excess of 9m of rainfall in a year) allows recharge of the communities by shallowsubsurface flows from this range and enables these palm communities to survive in tidal conditions.


Figure 2: Vegetation Communities and Groundwater Dependencies


3.7 Aquatic Values

3.7.1 Fish Species

Aquatic habitats consist of two key types, the daily tidal area of the Mulgrave River consideredpermanently estuarine (generally from the Deeral Landing to the mouth), and the middle to upperreaches of the Mulgrave and Behana Creek, generally with little to no tidal activity, dominated byfreshwater flows and mostly a gently sloping river bed with steeply rising tributaries (Pusey et al. 1995).The demarcation between these two habitats is blurred by the tidal regime of the Mulgrave River, whichextends along most of the middle reaches of the Mulgrave River to a point approximately east ofAloomba. Consequently, there is a rather eclectic assemblage of aquatic species ranging from entirelyestuarine obligate, to entirely freshwater obligate, with a wide range of species able to tolerate eitherfresh or saline water conditions for varying lengths of time. Some species, such as barramundi, aredependent during its life cycles on both fresh and saline conditions.

Consequently, it is not unexpected that the Mulgrave River and Bahana Creek has one of the highestdiversities of fish species in the region with over 70 species recorded, four of which are endemic andthree introduced (Pusey et al. 1995, Rayner 2007) with forty-six freshwater fish species reported fromBehana Creek alone. The studies of the Mulgrave River catchment have variously reported:

Thirty-six species from the range of habitats within the Mulgrave River (Pusey et al. 1995);

Ninety-four species in the Russel and Mulgrave Rivers from the estuary to the upper catchmentthough a large proportion of these (56) were estuarine species from Mutchero Inlet (Russell et al.(2004);

Thirty species from four streams in the Russel/Mulgrave catchments (Pusey et al. 2007); and

Thirty-six species in the lowland main channel sites of the Mulgrave River (Rayner 2007).

The species captured in these studies and those reported in Pusey et al. (2004), their distribution andhabitat requirements are presented in Table 5. Only species that have been reported as occurring in theMulgrave River are included in Table 5, with those reported in Russell et al. (2004) that were mostlyestuarine species in Table 5.

The fish present in the Mulgrave River are typical of the rivers and streams of the Wet Tropics regionwhere rainbowfish, blue-eyes, glassfish, catfish and grunters are the most common families and gobysand gudgeons the most speciose families (Kroon and Johnson 2006, Pusey et al. 2007). The mostabundant species in the River include empire gudgeon (Hypseleotris compressa), eastern rainbowfish(Melanotaenia splendida), Cairns rainbowfish (Cairnsichthys rhombosomoides), eel-tailed catfish(Tandanus tandanus), Pacific blue-eye (Pseudomugil signifier), Mulgrave River goby (Glossobius sp. 4),long-finned eel (Anguilla reinhardtii) and fly-specked hardyhead (Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum)(Pusey et al.1995, Pusey at al. 2007).

Within the Mulgrave River catchment habitat structure and diversity, stream width and substrate, extentof riparian cover and catchment position and area all influence fish assemblage structure (Pusey et al.1995, Pusey et al. 2007). Generally diversity decreases upstream with the decreasing stream size,catchment area and diversity of habitats. The small tributaries and streams usually with higher gradient,faster flows and coarser substrate have mostly small species such as rainbowfish (eg Cairnsrainbowfish), some gobies (eg Mulgrave River goby) and gudgeons (eg Purple-spotted gudgeon). While


the larger downstream river has more diverse habitats and an increasingly complex community structurethat include those fish with an estuarine phase and the larger carnivorous species such as catfish, jungleperch and barramundi (Pusey et al. 1995, Russell et al. 2004, Pusey et al. 2007). It has been suggestedthat the predictable and constant flow regimes of the Mulgrave River may have allowed the developmentof restricted habitat preferences by some of the fish species and this may account for the high diversity offish within this system. This high diversity of freshwater fishes and low number of introduced speciessuggest that the Mulgrave River retains high ecological value, is considered ‘healthy’ and is one of theWet Tropics most important catchments with respect to maintaining fish assemblages (NQ Joint Board1998, Pusey et al. 2007).

For many of the fish in the Mulgrave River the reproductive biology is not fully understood; for some it isentirely unknown and for others the spawning behaviour is known but not its timing. The reproductivemodes include those that are entirely freshwater and those that migrate to spawn, either intoestuarine/marine waters or upstream into freshwater. Nearly all the Mulgrave River fish whose timing ofspawning is known have been reported as spawning during the summer months, that is, in the wetseason. There are a few species, for example the Roman nose goby, that spawn over a longer periodthat includes both the wet and dry season; spawn opportunistically at any time of the year (Blue-eyes), orhave a peak spawning in winter-spring (though spawning fish are present from April-December (Cairnsrainbowfish) (Table 5).

Only three fish are thought to spawn during the dry season in the Mulgrave River, though this timing isonly a suggestion based on very limited data. A cardinal fish (mouth almighty) is thought to spawn at thistime so the young are large enough to feed on the increased numbers of small fishes present in the wetseason however this species has also been recorded as spawning in the wet season in the NorthernTerritory. The Mulgrave River goby’s and the scaleless goby’s reproductive biology knowledge is verylimited and based on collection of gravid females from August to November for the former and August forthe latter which led to the suggestion that these species both spawn during the dry season (Pusey et al.2004).

The majority of the fish in the Mulgrave River are reported to be tolerant of a fairly wide range ofenvironmental conditions; variations in dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, conductivity and turbidity.The environmental tolerances of most of the gobies and some gudgeons are less well known as the onlyinformation available is based on ambient conditions in the water at the time the species was collectedand was generally found to be typical of rainforest streams and rivers of the region.

3.7.2 Endemic, Rare and Protected Fish

There are a number of freshwater fish species in the Mulgrave River system that are endemic, rare,protected and/or have restricted distributions (Table 5):

Endemic to Wet Tropics region- Cairns rainbowfish, Mulgrave River goby, scaleless goby and Tullygrunter;

Endemic to Australia- catfish (Hyrtl’s tandan, eel-tailed catfish), Pacific blue-eye, bullrout, Agassiz’sglassfish, Allen’s cling goby and purple-spotted gudgeon;

Rare - Agassiz’s perchlet and purple-spotted gudgeon;

Protected - belly pipefish and short-tailed river pipefish;


Restricted distribution- all the rainbowfish and blue-eyes, fly-specked hardyhead, sooty grunter,Roman nose goby, flag-tailed glassfish, sand bream and most of the gudgeons- greenback guavina,brown gudgeon, ebony gudgeon, snakehead gudgeon, empire gudgeon and Aru gudgeon.

The four species present in the Mulgrave River that are endemic to the Wet Tropics region are describedin more detail below: Cairns rainbowfish (Cairnsichthys rhombosomoides), Mulgrave River goby(Glossobius sp. 4), scaleless goby (Schismatogobius sp.) and Tully grunter (Hephaestus tulliensis).

Cairns rainbowfish (Cairnsichthys rhombosomoides) is limited to the Wet Tropics region most likelybetween Trinity Inlet and Hull River near Mission Beach (Table 5). It is widespread and abundant in theMulgrave/Russell and Johnstone Rivers and occurs in small adventitious lowland streams and smallupland tributary streams below 100m a.s.l with good riparian cover and mostly shallow (30-50 cm) areasof high water quality. It appears to tolerate a range in temperature (15-28 C), dissolved oxygen(5-10 mg/L), pH 5-8, conductivity 6-63 S/cm) and turbudity (0.2-18 NTU). Spawning fish are presentfrom April-December with peak spawning activity from August to October. Fecundity increases with bodysize, eggs are small and numerous and deposited in batches within rootmasses. Larvae are confined toareas of zero flow close to some form of cover and away from areas of bright sunlight. The diet of thisspecies is not well documented but appears to be dominated by small terrestrial invertebrates (Pusey etal. 2004). This species is listed as Rare by the Action Plan for Australian Freshwater Fishes (Wagnerand Jackson 1993) and Vulnerable by the Australian Society for Fish Biology ASFB (2003).

The Mulgrave River goby (Glossobius sp 4) apparently has a very restricted distribution that is limited todiscrete rivers and creeks in Far North Queensland (Table 5). It is widely distributed and moderatelyabundant in the Mulgrave River and is present in a range of habitats from the main river channel to smalltributary streams, though most abundant in medium-sized streams with moderate riparian cover andrapid, riffle and run habitats. It occurs in a wide range of water speeds and depths and is a benthicspecies most commonly found in coarse substrates. It has mostly been recorded in areas of high waterquality with ranges in temperature typical of Wet Tropics rainforest streams (17-27 C), dissolved oxygenlevels typical of riffle/rapid habitats (6-11 mg/L), pH near neutral (6-8), low conductivity (13-47 S/cm) andhigh water clarity (0.4-2 NTU) (though this may be a reflection of values at the time of sampling ratherthan tolerances). Very little is known about their reproductive biology, except that spawning probablyoccurs during the dry season at a time of low, relatively stable flows and that the life history is most likelyentirely in freshwater. The diet in the dry season was observed to consist almost entirely of immaturestages of aquatic insects in riffle habitats (Pusey et al. 2004). Its highly restricted distribution has led toconservation listing of this species. It is currently listed as Lower Risk-Near Threatened by the ASFB(2003) and Rare by the Action Plan for Australian Freshwater Fishes (Wagner and Jackson 1993).

The scaleless goby (Schismatogobius sp.) is limited to the Wet Tropics region and has been recorded indrainages from the Endeavour to Liverpool (Table 5). It is not an abundant or frequently encounteredspecies and has a highly restricted habitat preference, confined to about 3m at the head of a riffle orrapid with swiftly flowing water within 50km of the river mouth and <50m a.s.l. It most commonly occursin the transitional area between pools and rapids in shallow (30cm) water and is a benthic species that isfound in the interstices of rock and cobble substrate. Pusey et al. (2004) p466 states that “this isperhaps the most restricted habitat requirement at all scales in the hierarchical habitat array, of any ofthe species in the region studied by us”. The environmental tolerances are little known, though alloccurrences of this fish have been in areas of extremely good water quality. Reproductive information isfrom two individuals and suggest that spawning occurs in the dry season low and stable flows and thateach females spawns once only and maybe only with one male. The diet is most likely small insect


larvae typical of fast flowing streams (Pusey et al. 2004). This species is listed as Non-Threatened byWagner and Jackson (1993) and not listed by the ASFB. Pusey et al. (2004) suggests that the restricteddistribution of this species, similar to the Cairns rainbowfish and Mulgrave River goby warrantreassessment of the conservation status of this species.

The Tully grunter (Hephaestus tulliensis) is limited to the Wet Tropics region and has been reportedbetween Daintree River and the Herbert River (Table 5). It is abundant and widespread with juvenilesfrequently seen foraging in loose schools in open areas of stream-bed while adults are consideredsolitary. It occurs in a wide range of habitats from small headwater tributary streams to large lowlandriver areas, though is most common in fourth–order streams with intact riparian cover, 40cm deep,moderately fast flowing water and diverse substrate. Its environmental tolerances appear to be fairlywide ranging, though Pusey et al. (2004) urges caution in interpreting the available information as it isbased in ambient conditions over three years in streams it has been recorded from; temperature (18-32 C), dissolved oxygen (5-9 mg/L); pH of 6-8; conductivity (8-68 S/cm) and turbidity of 0.3-30 NTU). Itsreproductive biology is almost entirely unknown. Two individuals have been observed spawning inshallow still water near to a fast flowing rapid and there is anecdotal evidence that an upstream spawningmigration may occur. The diet in the dry season was observed to be dominated by aquatic insects andaquatic plant material with ontogenetic variation in the diet, for example, larger fish consumed similaramounts of filamentous algae and macrophytes while small fish consumed only filamentous algae. Thisspecies has no conservation status listing; despite a restricted distribution it is locally abundant (Pusey etal. 2004).

Two other fish species are listed as rare by the Action Plan for Freshwater Fish (Wagner and Jackson1993): the purple-spotted gudgeon (Mogdurna adspersa) and Agassiz’s perchlet (Amabssis agassizi);the former most likely based on substantial declines of their distribution and abundance in the southernportion of the Murray-Darling Basin and the latter on declines in populations of inland populations (Puseyet al. 2004).

There are four freshwater pipefish present in Australia, two of which have been recorded from theMulgrave River; Belly pipefish (Hippichthys heptagonus) (Jones et al. 2007) and Short-tailed riverpipefish (Microphis brachyurus brachyurus) (Rayner 2007). The Belly Pipefish occurs elsewhere in theworld, in Australia its distribution is limited to the east coast of Australia from Cape York to northern NewSouth Wales (Allen et al. 2002) and it may have restricted habitat requirements; limited to lower reachesof freshwater systems by the availability of the predominant prey, planktonic crustaceans (Table 5)(Jones et al. 2007).

The Short-tailed River Pipefish occurs in Asia and Oceania but in Australia has a distribution restricted toCape York (Allen et al. 2002) and more recently has been recorded from the Mulgrave River (Rayner2007). It is present in freshwater streams, rivers and estuaries in relatively shallow (25-150 cm), still toslow-flowing water. Juveniles and subadults are usually found in estuaries while adults are foundupstream in freshwater areas (Table 5) (Froese and Pauly 2009). All sygnathids (seahorse and pipefish)are protected in Australia with both of these species on the List of Marine Species of the EPBC Act.

3.7.3 Introduced Fish Species

Of concern are three fish species, mangrove cichlid (tilapia), guppy (Poecilia reticulata) and platy(Xiphophorus maculatus), and all of which have been identified in a Vertebrate Pest Risk Assessmentdeveloped by the Rainforest CRC (Harrison and Congdon 2001). Tilapia is considered a noxious pest


species and discussed in detail above (Section 3.4). The guppy was introduced mainly for mosquitocontrol and as an aquarium fish and has established wild populations in eastern and southern Australia.They can survive conditions that native fish cannot and have the potential to dominate waterways, fishcommunities and cause habitat disturbance and are considered a potential pest; Table 5 describes theirhabitat requirements. The platy are an introduced popular aquarium fish that are established aroundBrisbane and the Wet Tropics region and similarly to the guppy are able to survive in habitats that nativefish cannot (Table 5). This, in addition to their high fecundity allows them to dominate waterwaysparticularly those that have become very degraded and they are considered a potential pest fish (DEEDI2009).

Both the guppy and the platy are listed as a non-indigenous fish under Schedule 6 of the FisheriesRegulations 1995 and may be retained in aquariums but cannot be released to the wild or used as baitwith high penalties for illegal release (DEEDI 2009).


Table 5: Freshwater Fish Species in the Mulgrave River

Family Name

Common name

Species Name

Common name

Distribution Habitat Comments

Sygnathidae

pipefish

Hippichthysheptagonus

belly pipefish

Africa, Asia and Oceania. InAustralia on the east coastfrom Cape York to theClarence River (NSW) (Allenet al. 2002, Froese and Pauly2009).

Distribution may be limited to lower reaches offreshwater systems by availability of predominantprey, planktonic crustaceans (Jones et al. 2007).

EPBC Act List ofMarine Species

Microphisbrachyurusbrachyurus

short-tailed riverpipefish

Asia, Africa, Western Atlanticand Oceania. In Australia inthe eastern drainages ofCape York Peninsula (Allenet al. 2002, Froese and Pauly2009). Recorded in theMulgrave River by Rayner(2007).

Relatively shallow slow-flowing water; freshwaterstreams, rivers and estuaries. Juveniles andsubadults are usually found in estuaries while adultsare found upstream in freshwater areas. Feeds onworms, crustaceans and zooplankton (Froese andPauly 2009).

EPBC Act List ofMarine Species

Megalopidae

tarpons

Megalopscyprinoides *

tarpon

East Africa to Tahiti. InAustralia coastal seas oftropical northern Australia(Allen et al. 2002).

Most abundant in marine and estuarine waters, butjuveniles and small adult frequent freshwaterreaches of rivers in clear or turbid waters. They aretolerant of a wide range in ph (Allen et al. 2002).Spawning occurs in the estuarine or near shoremarine waters most likely in the wet season (Puseyet al. 2004).


Family NameCommon name

Species NameCommon name


Anguillidae

freshwater eels

Anguilla obscura

Pacific short- finnedeel

South-western Pacific andcommon in coastal drainagesfrom Cape York to Mackay(Allen et al. 2002).

Freshwater streams, lakes and swamps, preferscoastal lagoons and lower reaches of rivers. Diet ismainly crustaceans, fish and molluscs. Adultsmigrate to marine waters to spawn over a longperiod with the peak in summer and autumn,juveniles return to freshwater. Sub-adults mostly inestuarine or fresh waters. (Allen et al. 2002, Puseyet al. 2004).

Anguilla reinhardtii

long-finned eel

Commonly occurs in NewCaledonia, New Guinea andeastern Australian coastaldrainage areas from CapeYork to northern Tasmania(Allen et al. 2002).

Preferred habitat is rivers, also in coastal lagoons,streams, lakes, swamps and farm dams. Dietincludes crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic andterrestrial insects and fish. Adults migrate to theCoral Sea to spawn in deep water over a long periodwith the peak in summer and autumn, juvenilesmove into fresh water (Froese and Pauly, 2009,Allen et al. 2002).

Clupeidae

herrings

Nematolosa erebi

bony bream

Widespread and commonthroughout northen and southeastern Australia (Allen et al.2002).

Variety of habitats, commonly in shallows of still orslow-flowing rivers and streams, often in turbidwaters. Wide tolerance of temperature and pH,susceptible to oxygen depletion. (Allen et al. 2002).Flexible life history with spawning in northernAustralia all year peaking in the wet season (Puseyet al. 2004).

Herklotsichthys cfcastelnaui**

herring

Restricted to the SouthwestPacific and eastern Australiafrom Queensland to NewSouth Wales (Froese andPauly 2009)

Schooling species found in coastal marine andestuarine waters and also in freshwater (Froese andPauly 2009).





Plotosidae

catfishes

Neosilurus ater

narrow-frontedcatfish

Southern New Guinea andrelatively common in disjunctrange across northernAustralia from WesternAustralia to Queensland(Allen et al. 2002).

Prefers bottom of fast flowing sections of streamsand rivers though also occurs in still or slow flowingwater of pools and channels. Tolerant of wide rangeof environmental conditions. Reproductive mode isentirely freshwater, breed during wet season (Puseyet al. 2007).

Neosilurus hyrtlii

Hyrtl’s tandan

Endemic to Australia,common and widespreadacross tropical northernAustralia and central Australia(Allen et al. 2002).

Diverse habitats from still or flowing waters instreams, rivers, lakes and stagnant pools. Formsshoals and diet includes insects, crustaceans andmolluscs (Froese and Pauly 2009). Tolerant of widerange of environmental conditions. Reproductivemode is likely entirely freshwater, spawn during wetseason (Pusey et al. 2004).

Endemic toAustralia

Porochilus rendahli

Rendahls’ catfish

Widely but patchily distributedacross northern Australiafrom Kimberley area tonortheastern Queensland(Allen et al. 2002, Pusey et al.2004).

Clear or turbid water in bottoms of lowland lagoons,flowing creeks and backwaters close to aquaticvegetation. Sometimes forms large shoals. Botttomfeeder of aquatic insects, small crustaceans,molluscs and detritus. Tolerant of wide range ofenvironmental conditions Adults migrate into floodedlowland lagoons to breed in early wet season, allanimals including juveniles migrate back upstreaminto freshwater in dry season. (Allen et al. 2002,Pusey et al. 2004).

Tandanus tandanus

eel-tailed catfish

Endemic in Australia, widelydistributed throughout easterncoastal Australia and theMurray-Darling River system(Allen et al. 2002).

Inhabits bottom waters of slow moving streams,lakes and ponds with fringing vegetation, preferslakes more than flowing water. Mostly solitary butjuveniles form loose aggregations. Diet includesinsect larvae, crustaceans, molluscs, and smallfishes. A hardy species that breeds in freshwaterduring spring and mid-summer (Allen et al. 2002,Pusey et al. 2004).

Endemic toAustralia





Hemiramphidae

garfishes

Arrahamphussclerolepis*

snub-nosed garfish

Indo-West Pacific, in Australiafrom central West Australianorth to Queensland and NewSouth Wales (Allen et al.2002).

Shallow coastal marine waters and estuaries intolower freshwater reaches of rivers and streams.Commonly forms large grazing shoals. May moveinto estuaries to breed during the wet season (Allenet al. 2002, Pusey et al. 2004).

Atherinidae

hardyheads

Craterocephalusstercusmuscarum

fly-speckedhardyhead

Southern New Guinea andrelatively common in northernand eastern Australia (Allenet al. 2002, Froese and Pauly2009).

Primarily found in fresh water streams and rivers,lakes, ponds and reservoirs. Tolerant of wide rangeof environmental conditions. Shoal forming andseasonally abundant at some locations, breeds fromOctober to February and capable of multiplespawnings. Reproductive mode entirely freshwater(Allen et al. 2002). Pusey et al. 2007).

Restricteddistribution toNew Guinea andAustralia

Melanotaeniidae

rainbowfishes

Cairnsichthysrhombosomoides

Cairns rainbowfish

Endemic to Wet tropicsregion with a restricteddistribution. It has beenrecorded fromRussell/Mulgrave drainage,Johnstone River, Liverpooland Maria drainage and NorthHull River. Likely to occur instreams of Trinity Inlet (Puseyet al. 2004).

Small streams with good riparian, varying substratesand flow rates. Tolerant of wide range ofenvironmental conditions. Reproductive modeentirely freshwater with peak spawning in spring(August to October) (Pusey et al. 2004, Pusey et al.2007).

Endemic to WetTropics

Listed as Rare byAction Plan forAustralianFreshwaterFishes

Melanotaeniamaccullochi

McCulloch’srainbowfish

Isolated populations insouthwestern Papua NewGuinea and northernAustralia. Recorded in theMulgrave River DrainageBasin, specifically fromBehana Creek (Pusey et al.2004).

Clear waters of small creeks and Pandanus swampswith plenty of shelter (aquatic plants, log debris).Information on environmental tolerance lacking.Reproductive mode entirely freshwater, spawningmost likely in the wet season (Pusey et al. 2004,Pusey et al. 2007).

Isolatedpopulations innorthern Australia





Melanotaeniasplendida

eastern rainbowfish

Papua New Guinea andNorthern Australia where it isusually abundant where itoccurs (Allen et al. 2002).

Highly variable; rivers, streams, swamps, marshylagoons and lakes, often forming large schools at thesurfaceand around sunlit edges of lakes andswamps. Most abundant in areas of minimal waterflow but also occurs below rapids (Allen et al. 2002).Tolerant of wide range of environmental conditions.Reproductive mode entirely freshwater, peakspawning in wet season (Pusey et al. 2004, Pusey etal. 2007).


Pseudomugullidae

blue-eyes

Pseudomugilsignifer

Pacific blue-eye

Endemic to East Australiancoast from Cooktown tosouthern New South Wales,common and widelydistributed (Allen et al. 2002).

Highly variable ranging from marine to freshwaterwith coastal habitat usually mangrove areas oroffshore islands. Common in clear forest streams.Wide tolerance range of temperature and pH.Reproductive mode entirely freshwater andopportunistic- at any time of the year (Allen et al.2002, Pusey et al. 2007).

Endemic toAustralia

Pseudomugilgertrudae

spotted blue-eye

New Guinea and infragmented and localisedpopulations in northernAustralia (Allen et al. 2002).

Variety of habitats; small creeks in open country,swamps, marshes, rainforest streams. Aggregationsare common in areas of abundant vegetation and logdebris. Tolerant of acidic waters, intolerant of lowdissolved oxygen and water temperatures.Reproductive mode entirely freshwater andopportunistic - at any time of the year (Allen et al.2002, Pusey et al. 2004, Pusey et al. 2007).

Isolatedpopulations innorthern Australia

Synbranchidae

swamp eels

Ophisternongutturale

swamp eel

Widely distributed in freshand estuarine waters ofsubtropical and tropical Asiaand Australasia (Pusey et al.2004).

Lower reaches of coastal streams in soft bottomsediments of quiet well vegetated backwaters ofestuaries and swamps and lower reaches offreshwater. Can survive short periods out of water.Reproductive mode entirely freshwater (Allen et al.2002, Pusey et al. 2007).





Scorpaenidae

scorpionfishes

Notesthes robusta

bullrout

Widespread and fairlycommon in eastern Australiancoastal drainages fromDaintree River to southernNew South Wales (Allen et al.2002).

Bottom dwelling in still or slow flowing freshwaterstreams over rock, mud or gravel usually within50km of the coast. Commonly found nearvegetation, woody debris in streams. Tolerant ofwide range of environmental conditions. In periods ofhigh rain may migrate downstream into estuarinewaters, not clear if breeds in estuaries or freshwater(Allen et al. 2002, Pusey et al. 2004).

Endemic toAustralia

Chandidae

perchlet

Ambassis agassizii

Agassiz's glassfish

Endemic to eastern Australia;relatively widespread andcommon in coastal and inlanddrainages and also presenton Fraser Island and NorthStradbroke Island. Waspreviously widespreadthrought Murray Darling Basinbut is now thought to beextinct in South Australia andVictoria (Pusey et al. 2004).

Variety of freshwater habitiats including still orflowing lowland and upland rivers, creeks, reservoirs,ponds, drainage ditches and swamps. Diet mainly ofaquatic insects and microcrustaceans. May betolerant of wide range of environmental conditions.Reproductive mode entirely freshwater and breedingseason from spring to autumn (Pusey et al. 2004).

Endemic toeastern Australia


Ambassisagrammus

sailfin glassfish

Southern New Guinea andlocally abundant in Australiandisjunct populations from Gulfof Carpentaria, Cape YorkPeninsula and Wet Tropicsregion (Pusey et al. 2004).

Rivers and creeks in rainforest, sometimes instagnant pools and margins of lakes and swamps.Can form large schools among aquatic vegetation,breeds at start of wet season and feeds mainly onmicrocrustaceans. Adults migrate downstream priorto spawning (Allen et al. 2002, Pusey et al. 2004).

Restricteddistribution toNew Guinea andnorthern Australia

Ambassis miops

flag-tailed glassfish

Indo-west Pacific. In Australialocally common but veryrestricted distribution; easternCape York and Wet tropicsregion (Pusey et al. 2004).

Clear flowing creeks usually within 20km of thecoast. Probably tolerant of elevated turbidity andsalinity, intolerant of low water temperatures. Itpossibly has a marine larval phase (Allen et al. 2002,Pusey et al. 2004).

RestrictedAustraliandistribution





Latidae

barramundi

Lates calcarifer

barramundi

East Africa, Asia andcommon and widespread incoastal drainages of northernAustralia from Shark Bay tosouthern Queensland (Allenet al. 2002).

Freshwater rivers and billabongs, common beneathundercut banks and submerged logs. Also occurs inbrackish estuaries and coastal bays in clear andturbid waters. Carnivorous diet of mostly fish andcrustaceans. Changes sex from male to female ataround 80cm (Allen et al. 2002).

Terapontidae

grunters

Hephaestusfuliginosus

sooty grunter

Southern New Guinea andnorthern Australia where it isabundant throughout coastaldrainages of NorthernTerritory, Gulf of Carpentariaand northeast Queenland(Allen et al. 2002).

Most common in upper reaches of large flowingstreams over rocky or sandy bottoms with sparseaquatic vegetation. Can tolerate acidic conditions.Reproductive mode is entirely freshwater and in WetTropics spawning tends to precede wet seasonflooding (Allen et al. 2002, Pusey et al. 2004, Puseyet al. 2007).


Hephaestustulliensis

Tully grunter

Endemic to Wet Tropicsregion with a restricteddistribution range fromDaintree to Herbert River(Pusey et al. 2004).

Wide range of habitats from small headwatertributary streams to large lowland river areas, intactriparian cover, moderately fast flowing water anddiverse substrate. Environmental tolerances appearto be fairly wide ranging. The requirement for freshor estuarine waters for reproduction is unknown(Pusey et al. 2004).

Endemic to WetTropics region.

Mesophrestesargenteus**

sand bream

Widely distributed in Indo-Pacific but in Australiapresent in only a fewlocations in far northQueensland (Allen et al.2002).

Mostly a marine species, but juveniles enter brackishestuaries and the lower freshwater reaches of rivers(Allen et al. 2002).


Therapon jarbua**

crescent perch

Widespread and common inIndo-west Pacific andnorthern tropical Australia.(Allen et al. 2002).

Mostly a shallow coastal marine species though alsocommonly penetrates estuaries and lower freshwaterreaches of rivers. Spawning occurs at sea (Allen etal. 2002, Froese and Pauly 2009).





Kuhliidae

flagtails

Kuhlia rupestris

jungle perch

Africa, Asia and Oceania,patchily but locally common incoastal areas of northeastAustralia from Cape York toFraser Island (Allen et al.2002).

Fast flowing streams and rivers, mostly in rainforestsand in rocky pools below waterfalls. Environmentaltolerances appear to be fairly wide ranging.Reproductive modes are poorly known, though it isthought that spawning occurs in estuarine or nearshore marine areas during the wet season (Allen etal. 2002, Pusey et al. 2004).

Apogonidae

cardinalfishes

Glossamia aprion

mouth almighty

Asia and Oceania, NewGuinea and common andlocally abundant in northernAustralia (Allen et al. 2002,Froese and Pauly 2009).

Still or gently flowing water of rivers, streams, pools,lakes, swamps and reservoirs often in the shallowmargins of well vegetated water bodies. Male is amouth brooder. Solitary and carnivorous fish feedingon small fishes and crustaceans, aquatic andterrestrial insects. Tolerant of high temperatures andwide range in pH. Reproductive mode entirelyfreshwater with spawning suggested as occurring inthe dry season in Wet Tropics region (Allen et al.2002, Pusey et al. 2007, Froese and Pauly 2009).

Toxotidae

archerfishes

Toxotes chatareus

seven spotarcherfish

Asia, Oceania and commonin northern Australia fromDerby to central Queensland(Allen et al. 2002, Froese andPauly 2009).

Lower and middle reaches of coastal drainages, canpenetrate hundreds of kilometres inland. Commonlyoccurs in mangrove-lined estuaries, freshwaterstreams, lakes and billabongs around overhangingvegetation. Diet includes crustaceans, small fishesand vegetation. Breeds in both fresh and brackishwater in the wet season (Allen et al. 2002, Froeseand Pauly 2009).

Mugulidae

mullets

Mugil cephalus*

mullet

Worldwide distribution intropical, subtropical andtemperate zones (Pusey et al.2004).

Coastal waters, estuaries and fresh water. Youngfish travel into coastal rivers and mature fish travelup the coast for annual spawning migration (Froeseand Pauly 2009).





Gobiidae

gobies

Awaous acritosus

Roman nose goby

Southern New Guinea andrelatively widespread anduncommon in coastaldrainages of northeasternQueensland betweenCooktown and Townsville(Allen et al. 2002, Pusey et al.2004, Froese and Pauly2009).

Clear flowing lowland streams, mostly on gravel orsand bottoms near aquatic vegetation. Tolerant ofmoderate range of water quality. Reproductivebiology poorly known but thought adults live infreshwater and seasonally migrate from August toDecember to the riffle closest to river mouth (but stillin freshwater) to spawn (Pusey et al. 2004).


Glossogobius sp 1.

mountain goby

Western Pacific and inAustralia locally common butrestricted to Cape York andthe Wet Tropics region(Pusey et al. 2004).

Clear flowing streams with rocky or gravel bottoms,mostly close to the sea. Environmental tolerancesunknown. No information on reproductive biologybut a marine larval phase may occur (Pusey et al.2004).


Glossobius sp 4

Mulgrave river goby

Endemic species withrestricted distribution.Recorded fromMulgrave/Russel basin, HillsCreek and Falls Creek(eastern side of Trinity Inlet)and several creeks nearMossman (Kroon andJohnson 2006).

Occurs in streams ranging from main channels tosmall tributaries. Most abundant in shallow, rapid,riffle and run habitats. Recorded in high qualitywaters only. Reproductive mode is most likelyentirely freshwater with spawning possibly in the dryseason (Pusey et al 2004, Kroon and Johnson2006).

Endemic to WetTropics region


Mugilogobiusnotospilus

Pacific mangrovegoby

Widely distributed throughoutPacific, in Australia Far northQueensland where it can belocally abundant (Pusey et al.2004).

Restricted microhabitat to very small, low gradientstreams with intact riparian cover close to the coast,maximum distance from river mouth recorded is 14km. Environmental tolerances unknown.Reproductive biology poorly known but likely thatthere is a planktonic marine interval (Pusey et al.2004).





Redigobiusbikolanus*

speckled goby

Western Pacific, widelydistributed and moderatelyabundant in northernAustralia from centralWestern Australia to Brisbane(Allen et al. 2002, Pusey et al.2004).

Wide range of habitats from brackish mangroveestuaries and lower reaches of freshwater streamsto upland streams, most common in medium sizedstreams within 30 km of the sea. Environmentaltolerances unknown. Reproductive biology poorlyknown, may be entirely freshwater life cycle, or theremay be an estuarine or marine larval interval (Puseyet al. 2004).

Schismatogobiussp.

scaleless goby

Endemic to the Wet TropicsRegion. Recorded fromEndeavour, Daintree,Mossman, Mulgrave, Russel,Johnstone and Liverpooldrainages (Pusey et al.2004).

Occurs within 50km of river mouth. Has only beenfound in riffle/run areas with swiftly flowing water,substrate rocks and cobbles. Environmentaltolerances poorly known.The requirement for freshor estuarine waters for reproduction is unknown withspawning possibly in the dry season (Pusey et al.2004).

Endemic to WetTropics region.

Stiphodon alleni

Allen’s cling goby

Endemic to northQueensland, currently knownonly from Harvey Creek nearDeeral, Queensland (Allen etal. 2002).

Inhabits clear, moderately fast-flowing water oversubstrates strewn with cobbles or boulders. One oftwo recently discovered Australian cling-gobies(Allen et al. 2002, Froese and Pauly 2009).

Endemic to northQueensland

Eleotridae

gudgeons

Bunaka gyrinoides

greenback guavina

Indo-West Pacific with anAustralian distributionrestricted to northeast coastdrainages, most commonlybut not abundantly within theWet Tropics region (Pusey etal. 2004).

Most commonly in rainforest streams on mudbottoms and undercut banks. Environmentaltolerances unknown. Reproductive biology poorlyknown but likely that there is a marine larval phase(Allen et al. 2002Pusey et al. 2004).






Eleotris fusca *

brown gudgeon

Widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, in Australiarestricted to the east coast ofnorthern Queensland (Puseyet al. 2004).

Brackish estuaries and lower reaches of freshwaterstreams, mostly on mud bottoms. Environmentaltolerances unknown. Reproductive biology poorlyknown but it is possible they migrate to marinewaters to spawn (Pusey et al. 2004).


Eleotrismelanosoma *

ebony gudgeon


Brackish estuaries and lower reaches of freshwaterstreams, mostly on mud bottoms. Environmentaltolerances unknown. Reproductive biology poorlyknown but it is possible they migrate to marinewaters to spawn (Pusey et al. 2004).


Giurusmargaritacea

snakeheadgudgeon


Variety of habitats including rivers, coastal streams,swamps and floodplains. On mud bottoms, oftenamongst dense vegetation and undercut banks.Environmental tolerances unknown. Reproductivebiology poorly known but it is possible they migrateto estuarine waters to spawn and there is a pelagicmarine larval phase (Allen et al. 2002, Pusey et al.2004).


Hypseleotriscompressa

empire gudgeon

Papua New Guinea and inAustralia a common speciesin coastal drainages from theKimberley to southern NewSouth Wales (Allen et al.2002).

Most common in lower reaches of rivers, though alsopresent upstream, in still or flowing water aroundaquatic plants and fallen branches. Can toleratesaline water and high temperatures and pH.Reproductive mode can be entirely freshwater,juveniles and adults can occur in estuaries butunknown whether they spawn there. Breedingseason from summer to autumn (Allen et al. 2002,Pusey et al. 2004).






Mogurndaadspersa

purple-spottedgudgeon

Endemic to Australia,widespread and abundant incoastal drainages of easternAustralia, though there havebeen large declines in thesouthern portion of theMurray Darling basin (Puseyet al. 2004).

Rivers, creeks and billabongs in slow-flowing or stillwaters, often among vegetation and over rocks. Dietincludes worms, insect larvae, crustaceans andmosquito fishes. Appears to be tolerant of widerange of environmental conditions Spawns duringrainy season. Reproductive mode entirelyfreshwater (Pusey et al. 2004, Pusey et al. 2007).

Endemic toAustralia


Ophiocaraporocephala

spangled gudgeon

Widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, in Australia fromthe northern and easterncoasts from west Kimberleysto southern Queensland(Allen et al. 2002).

Mainly in brackish estuaries, river mouths andfreshwater creeks at low elvations close to the sea.Juveniles are usually found in rocky creeks near thecoast (Allen et al. 2002, Froese and Pauly 2009).

Oxyeleotrisaruensis

Aru gudgeon

Northern Queensland andPapua New Guinea. Limiteddistribution in the Mulgrave,Russell and Tully Rivers(Pusey et al. 2004).

Creeks and rivers, usually over gravel or mudbottoms. Environmental tolerances unknown.Reproductive mode is considered to be entirelyfreshwater (Allen et al. 2002, Pusey et al. 2004).

Restricteddistribution in WetTropics.

Oxyeleotrislineolata

sleepy cod

Common and widespread intropical northern Australiafrom west Kimberley tosouthern Queensland.Occurrence in southernPapua New Guinea remainsunconfirmed (Allen et al.2002, Pusey et al. 2004).

Rivers, creeks, billabongs, commonly in slow flowingor still water among vegetation, undercut banks andlog debris. Diet includes insects, crustaceans andfish. Environmental tolerances appear to be fairlywide ranging. Spawns October to Febraury. (Allen etal. 2002, Pusey et al. 2004).





Lutjanidae

snappers

Lutjanusargentimaculatus**

mangrove jack

Indo-West Pacific. Widelydistributed in tropicalAustralia from Kimberley,Western Australia to northernNew South Wales (DPI&F2003).

Primarily a marine fish, adults are often found ingroups around coral reefs, juveniles and youngadults often occur in mangrove estuaries and lowerreaches of freshwater streams and rivers to theextent of the tidal influence. Diet is mostly fish andcrustaceans (DPI&F 2003).

Lutjanus russelli**

Moses perch

Indo-West Pacific, in Australiawidespread in coastal areasfrom Shark Bay, WesternAustralia north to Queenslandand south to New SouthWales (ABRS 2009).

Primarily a marine fish, adults occur on offshorecoral reefs and inshore rocky and coral reefs.Juveniles mostly inhabit mangrove estuaries andlower reaches of freshwater streams. Diet includesbenthic invertebrates and fish (Froese and Pauly2009).

Carangidae

trevallies

Caranxsexfasciatus **

bigeye trevally

Indo-Pacific, in Australiawidespread in coastal areasfrom Shark Bay, WesternAustralia north to Queenslandand south to New SouthWales (ABRS 2009).

Primarily a marine fish, adults occur in coastal andoceanic waters associated with reefs andoccasionally enter rivers. Juveniles may occur inestuaries sometimes entering rivers. Diet is mainlyfish and crustaceans (Froese and Pauly 2009).

Gerreidae

silverbiddies

Gerresfilamentosus **

threadfinsilverbiddy

Indo-Pacific, in Australianorthern coastal waters fromExmouth, Western Australiato northern New South Wales(ABRS 2009).

Primarily a marine fish, adults occur in coastalwaters with soft substrates and juveniles enterestuaries with mangroves and sometimes fresh andtidal creeks till maturity when they return to sea. Dietincludes crustaceans, worms and insect larvae(Froese and Pauly 2009).

Sparidae

breams

Acanthopagrusaustralis**

yellowfin bream

Eastern and southeasternAustralia from NorthQueensland to southernVictoria (Allen et al. 2002).

Estuaries, coastal rivers, creeks, lakes and bays,mostly in marine or estuarine waters. In dry seasonsit moves into lowermost reaches of freshwatersystems (Allen et al. 2002).





Acanthopagrusberda**

pikey black bream

Widespread in Indo-westPacific. Northern Australiafrom Darwin to centralQueensland (Froese andPauly 2009).

Mostly in estuarine waters of coastal rivers, creeksand inlets, occasionally moves into lower reaches offreshwaters streams (Froese and Pauly 2009).

Leiognathidae

ponyfishes

Leiognathusequulus**

ponyfish

Indo-West Pacific, in Australianorthern coastal waters fromExmouth, Western Australiato southern Queensland(ABRS 2009). This is the onespecies of ponyfish that occurin Australia that is regularlyencountered in fresh water(Allen et al. 2002).

Primarily a marine fish, adults occur in shallowinshore coastal areas often in mangroves and intofreshwater reaches of rivers. Juveniles arecommonly found in mangrove estuaries and tidalcreeks, sometimes entering the lower reaches offreshwater streams. Diet of small crustaceans,worms and small fishes (Froese and Pauly 2009).

INTRODUCED SPECIES

Poeciliidae

live bearingtoothcarps

Poecilia reticulata

guppy

Introduced to Australia, wildpopulations establishedthroughout eastern andsouthern Australia. (DEEDI2009)

Various habitats, ranging from highly turbid water inponds, canals and ditches at low elevations topristine mountain streams at high elevations Inhabitsslow-flowing or still water near the margin of poolsamong vegetation. Has a wide salinity range butrequires fairly warm temperatures and still vegetatedwater for survival. Feeds on zooplankton, smallinsects and detritus. Reproductive mode is entirelyfreshwater (Pusey et al. 2007, Froese and Pauly2009).

Xiphophorusmaculatus

platy

Introduced to Australia, inQueensland present in manycoastal drainages aroundBrisbane and in the WetTropics region (DEEDI 2009).

Creeks and swamps, warm springs, canals andditches with typically slow moving water, weedybanks and silt bottoms. Feed on worms,crustaceans, insects and plant matter. Reproductivemode is entirely freshwater (Pusey et al. 2007,Froese and Pauly 2009).





Cichlidae

cichlids

Tilapia mariae

tilapia

Introduced to Australia,present in the Barron River,the Mulgrave-Russell systemand the North and SouthJohnstone Rivers system.

Still or flowing water in rocky or mud-bottom areas,in both non-tidal and estuarine reaches.Reproductive mode is in freshwater though there issome uncertainty whether it may also occur inestuarine waters, spawns September-March (Puseyet al. 2007, DEEDI 2009).

Listed inQueensland as anoxious fish.

* indicates species with strong marine or estuarine affinities that are also found in fresh water, ** indicate estuarine species.

Table 6: Estuarine Fish Species in the Mulgrave River

Family Name Species name Common name Comments

Eleotridae Butis butis estuarine gudgeon

Clupeidae Sardinella sp. herring

Gobiidae Yongeichthys nebulosus estuarine goby

Terapontidae Therapon jarbua crescent perch

Mugilidae Liza subviridis mullet

Liza vaigiensis diamond scaled mullet

Valamugil seheli blue-tailed mullet

Carangidae Caranx ignobilis lowly trevally

Gerreidae Gerres abbreviatus short silverbiddy

Leiognathidae Leiognathus decorus ponyfish

Leiognathus splendens black-tipped ponyfish

Secutor ruconius pig-nosed ponyfish



Engraulidae Stolephorus sp. anchovy

Synodontidae Saurida sp. grinner

Platycephalidae Platycehpalidae sp. flathead

Platycephalus fuscus dusky flathead

Platycephalus indicus bar-tailed flathead

Sillaginidae Sillago analis golden-lined whiting

Sillago cilitata sand whiting

Sillago sihama winter whiting Sometimes found in freshwater (Allen et al.2002).

Haemulidae Pomadasys kaakan golden grunter

Pomadasys argenteus small-spotted grunter

Mullidae Upeneus sulphureus yellow goatfish

Monodactylidae Monodactylus argenteus butterfish Regularly found in fresh water, though usuallyclose to the sea (Allen et al. 2002).

Ephippidae Drepane punctata sickle-fish/batfish

Scatophagidae Scatophagus argus spotted scat Commonly found in mangrove habitat andlower reaches of freshwater streams (Allen etal. 2002).

Siganidae Siganus lineatus rabbitfish

Scombridae Scomberoides commersonnianus queenfish

Bothidae Bothidae sp. flouder

Pseudorhombus sp. flounder



Cynoglossidae Cynoglossus sp. tongue-sole

Tetraodontidae Spheroides hamiltoni toadfish

Torquigener whitleyi toadfish


3.7.4 Commercial and Recreational Fisheries

The Mulgrave catchment supports a multi-species recreational fishery (Russell et al. 2004), with a varietyof habitats ranging from fast flowing freshwater streams of the upper catchment to swamps to thebrackish waters of the lower estuary and Mutchero Inlet. Fish stocks are considered good (DPI perscomm Terry Vallance), however significant habitat has been lost in the valley, primarily due to clearing ofriparian areas. Loss of riparian vegetation has allowed the invasion of weeds onto the banks andwaterways, with increased erosion and discontinuous habitat.

Pool to riffle ratio is used as a general indicator of stream habitat. Pools provide the habitat and rifflesprovide the food source – most often in the form of invertebrates. Studies have found that the ratio isgenerally 1:1 in the Mulgrave catchment (an indicator of high stream habitat values) however swamp andwetland areas, which are important sites for fish nursery, are continuing to decrease in number.

The estuary is an important commercial prawn nursery and recreational fisheries for target species suchas barramundi (Lates calcarifer) and mangrove jack (Lutjanus argentimaculatus) are well established inthe river (Russell et al. 2004).

Some of the aquatic habitat values are represented in intertidal and wetlands areas. These areas arerecognised as important fisheries nurseries, in particular being important for species of recreational andcommercial significance such as barramundi, mangrove jack, mudcrabs, prawns, mullet and various otherpredominantly estuary orientated species.

Of particular interest are three deepwater off-stream lagoons, referred to as the lower Mulgrave lagoons,remaining on the Mulgrave River immediately adjacent to the present course of the river upstream ofDeeral Landing. These stranded lagoons (connected to the main river channel during normal wet seasonflow events) are regarded as high value fish nursery values.

In the freshwater reaches of the Mulgrave River, above due east of Aloomba, there are numerous in-stream waterholes of varying depth that continue to have high fishery values for species such as sootygrunter, gudgeons, tandans, and other freshwater reliant species.

3.8 World Heritage ValuesAssessment of the environmental feasibility of the Mulgrave River Aquifer Scheme for this PER includesan assessment of the potential impacts of the abstraction on the World Heritage values of the GreatBarrier Reef Marine National Park and the Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage Area (WTQWHA).

3.8.1 Great Barrier Reef Marine Park

The Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area lies immediately off shore at the mouth of Mutchero Inlet. Italso contains many outstanding examples of important and significant natural habitats for in situconservation of species of conservation significance, particularly resulting from the latitudinal and cross-shelf completeness of the region. The World Heritage values include habitats for species of conservationsignificance within the 77 broadscale bioregional associations that have been identified for the property.

The Mulgrave River is one of the major river systems that drain into the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park.


3.8.2 Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage Area

The Mulgrave River aquifer is bounded by the Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage Area to theeast (Graham Range), to the west by the Bellenden Ker Range, and to the south by Mutchero Inlet.There are two areas of where the aquifer study area intersects the WTQWHA: - a small portion of the midlower reaches of the Mulgrave River where approximately 700 m of the WTQWHA borders the easternbank of the Mulgrave River, and the lower tidal section of the Mulgrave River at Mutchero Inlet. Whilstthese two sections of the WTQWHA are within the study area, neither of these are within the actualaquifer. The Mutchero Inlet section is tidal and not underlain by the aquifer, and the small portion on theeastern bank of the Mulgrave River is on a spur of the Graham Range that intersects the river; thegeology and hydrogeology characteristics are not derived from Mulgrave River alluvium, and also notconsidered to include the Mulgrave River aquifer.

3.9 Results of Field Investigation of Proposed Bore Hole SitesThe following Figure denotes the locations of the photographs of the Aloomba study area for theproposed bore hole locations. In total there were 20 photographs taken including Leumann Road, HespRoad, Broughton Road, Moller Road and the intersections of Hesp Road and Broughton Road and Hesp Road,Broughton Road, Fixter Road and Moller Road.

Figure 3: Locations of Study Sites


Table 7: Description of potential borehole field in Aloomba as of 20th August, 2009.

Location Feature Description Photo

LeumannRoad

Crooked Creek Photo 1

Currently dry appearance thoughvegetation looks green and lush. Birdlife was abundant and active during thesurvey (12pm). The creek issurrounded by sugar cane fields.

LeumannRoad

Crooked Creek

Riparianvegetation

Photo 2

Eucalyptus tereticornis (forest redgum, blue gum, red iron gum)Lophostemon suaveolens (swamp box)

Macaranga peltata

Various rainforest shrub and treespecies and a number of birds flyinginto the riparian zone.

The height of the riparian zone is up toapproximately 30m and the width of theriparian zone is approximately 6 – 10m.

LeumannRoad

(just north ofCrookedCreek)

Two residentialdwellings

Sugar canefarming matrix

Photo 3

Situated on the north side of CrookedCreek on left and right side of road.The house on the eastern side of theroad has horses and a shed. Thehouse on the left is a larger farm housewith established fruit trees.



LeumannRoad

(sectionbetweenCrookedCreek andHesp Roadintersection)

Railway line

Powerlines

Fibre opticcable

Photo 4

Railway crosses Leumann Roadbetween Crooked Creek and HespRoad intersection and a crossing ishalfway along Leumann Road betweenthe Hesp Road intersection andAnderson Road.

Powerlines run along the western sideof Luemann Road between CrookedCreek and the Hesp Road intersectionand continues through intersection toAnderson Road on the western side ofthe road.

Fibre optic cable runs along the easternside of Luemann Road between theHesp Road intersection and AndersonRoad.

LeumannRoad,

(Hesp Roadintersection)

Bore hole sitein intersection

Photo 5

Short grass prevails in this positionimmediately next to the roads andsugar cane fields adjacent on everyroad of the four way intersection.

LeumannRoad

(sectionbetweenHesp RoadintersectionandAndersonRoad)

Railway line

Fibre opticcable

Residentialdwellings

Photo 6

Railway line runs the whole length ofthis section of Luemann Road andcrosses Leumann Road approximatelyhalfway between Hesp Roadintersection Anderson Road. Fibreoptic cable runs along the eastern sideof Luemann Road between the HespRoad intersection and Anderson Road.

Four houses at the intersection ofLeumann Road and Anderson Road(two on the western side and one onthe eastern side of Luemann Road).These houses are surrounded by sugarcane fields.



Hesp Road

(sectionbetween theLeumannRoadintersectionand the endof thewesternextention ofthe road)

Sugar canefields

Residentialdwellings

Photo 7

Sugar cane fields dominate this wholesection of Hesp Road. There are twofarm houses on the left hand side of theroad, surrounded by sugar cane fieldsand grass fields. One large tree isnear the intersection of this section ofHesp Road and Leumann Road(Eucalyptus sp.).

Hesp Road

(sectionbetweenLeumannRoadintersectionand the endof theeasternextention ofthe road)

Fibre opticcable

Powerlines

Cane train rail

Stand of treesin background

Photo 8

Fibre optic cable runs along thenorthern side of the road verge.

Powerlines run parallel to the opticcable

A stand of trees are locatedapproximately 300m east of theintersection between Leumann Roadand Hesp Road.

Hesp Road

(300m eastof theLeumannRoadintersection)

Stand of trees Photo 9

The following trees occur in a discretestand of approximately 15 trees. Thesetrees are well established and situatedabout 300m east of the intersection onthe southern side of Hesp Road.

Various species including:

Melaleuca sp.(paperbark)

Lophostemon suaveolens (swamp box)

Corymbia spp.(bloodwood)

Eucalyptus spp.

Hesp Road Residentialhouse

Photo 10

A house is situated on the southernside of Hesp Road, approximately400m east of the Leumann Road/HespRoad intersection.



Hesp Road Powerlines

Optic fibre

Cane fields

Photo 11

Continuing along the eastern section ofHesp Road towards the intersection ofMoller Road is sugar cane fields.

Powerlines and optic fibre runsadjacent to the road on the northernside of the road.

Hesp Road,BennettRoad,BroughtonRoad, FixterRoad andMoller Roadintersection

Roadintersection

Freight trainrail line

Powerline

Fibre opticcable

Photo 12

The matrix is comprised of grass fieldsand sugar cane farms.

There is a freight train rail line crossingat this intersection.

The powerlines cross diagonally acrossthis intersection from Hesp Roadacross to southern side of BennettRoad and continue parallel to the road.

The fibre optic cable doesn’t continuealong Bennett Rd but it continues northon the eastern side of Fixter Road andsouth on the western side of MollerRoad.

BroughtonRoad

(Lookingnorth fromintersectiontowardstownship)

Freight trainrail line

Tree

Residentialhousing

Fibre opticcable

Photo 13

A train line runs parallel to the easternside of Fixter Road and the westernside of Broughton Road.

There is one tree that occurs on theeastern side of this section of rail.

Residential housing occurs about 400mnorth of this intersection

Intersectionof BennettRd andMoller Road

(Lookingsouth alongMollerRoad)

Fibre opticcable

Freight rail line

Drain

Residentialhouses

Photo 14

The fibre optic cable runs parallel andadjacent to the western side of MollerRoad.

The train line runs parallel to the fibreoptic cable approximately five metres tothe west.

A large drain runs immediately adjacentto the western side of Moller Road.

There are a total of five houses situatedalong a 1km stretch of Bennett Roadtowards the east.



BroughtonRoad

(lookingnorthwardsalongBroughtonRoad fromtheintersectionof BennettRoad.)

Bore?

Powerline

Sugarcanefield

Photo 15

A bore is situated approximately 50mnorth of the Bennett Road intersection.

A powerline is situated on the easternside of Broughton Road and the area isimmersed in a matrix of sugar canefields.

Moller Road Residentialhouse

Photo 16

Three residential houses are situatedon the eastern side of Moller Road andeither side of Crooked Creek. CrookedCreek is approximately 300 - 400msouth of the Bennett Road intersection.

Moller Road JCU andDERM

ground watermonitoring site

Photo 17

Ground water hydrology study site.

“Tracing Nitrogen Through Wet TropicsAquifers”

Being conducted by the followinggroups:

James Cook University (JCU),Department of Environment andResource Management (DERM)formerly Department of NaturalResources and Water (DNRW), andfarmers of the Mulgrave catchment.

Moller Road Crooked Creek

vegetation

Photo 18

Vegetation is lush in Crooked Creek.There is a lot of diversity withepiphytes, ferns, palms, large rainforesttrees and shrubs.



Moller Road Behana Creek Photo 19

Flowing creek including some stagnantpools and riffles present.

The riparian vegetation is hanging overin parts and the substrate of the creekis sandy gravel.

Moller Road Behana Creek Photo 20

Riparian vegetation and wildlife

The vegetation is diverse with largetrees present up to 25m in height anddense shrubs filling any gaps. Theseare largely rainforest species andwildlife is plentiful as can be heard fromthe various bird calls.

A lace monitor (Varanus varius) wasseen (see photo far right) scurryingthrough the riparian vegetation.


4. References

Arthington, A.H., and Pearson R. G. (eds) (2007). Biological Indicators of Ecosystem Health in wettropics Streams, Final Report Task 3, Catchment to Reef Research Program, James Cook University,Townsville, Qld.

Aumann T. and Baker-Gabb D.J. (1991). A Management Plan for the Red Goshawk. RAOU Report75.Australian Natural Resources Atlas website.

Bentrupperbaumer, J. (1998). Reciprocal ecosystem impact and behavioural interactions betweencassowaries, Casuarius casuarius and humans, Homo sapiens. PhD thesis. James Cook University ofNorth Queensland, Australia.

Birds Australia (2007). Australian Painted Snipe, Electronic documenthttp://www.birdsaustralia.com.au/birds/painted.html (Accessed 6/06/07).

Bond, D. (1987). The Plight of Our Exotic Cassowary. Australian Conservation Foundation Newsletter19: 5.

Cairns Regional Council (2005). Cairns Regional Council Pest Management Plan. Cairns

Debus, S.J.S. and Czechura, C.V. (1988). The Red Goshawk Erythrotriorchis radiatus: a review. Aust.Bird Watcher 12:175-199. Cited in Garnett, S.T. and Crowley, G.M. (2000) The Action Plan for AustralianBirds. Environment Australia.

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Appendix A

Database Searches

VERTEBRATE SEARCH JULY 2006 AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM

Frogs BUFONIDAE Bufo marinus Mulgrave R 17.07 145.47Frogs BUFONIDAE Bufo marinus Mulgrave R 17.07 145.47Frogs BUFONIDAE Bufo marinus "Meringa, nr Gordonvale"

17.05 145.46Frogs BUFONIDAE Bufo marinus Meringa Experiment Station

17.05 145.46Frogs BUFONIDAE Bufo marinus Meringa Experiment Station

17.05 145.46Frogs RANIDAE Rana daemeli "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs RANIDAE Rana daemeli "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina fryi "Bell Peak N,10km E of Gordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina pluvialis "StallionsPocket, Mulgrave R, via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina pluvialis "StallionsPocket, Mulgrave R, via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina pluvialis "StallionsPocket, Mulgrave R, via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina robusta "MalbonThompson Ra, Sth Bell Peak" 17.06 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina robusta "MalbonThompson Ra, Sth Bell Peak" 17.06 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina robusta "Nth Bell Peak,20Km S of Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina robusta "Massey Ra,12Km S of Gordonvale" 17.11 145.48Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina robusta "Nth Bell Peak,Malbon Thompson Ra" 17.05 145.54Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina robusta "MalbonThompson Ra, Sth Bell Peak" 17.06 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina robusta "MalbonThompson Ra, Sth Bell Peak" 17.06 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina robusta "MalbonThompson Ra, N Bell Peak" 17.05 145.52Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina robusta Bells Peak

17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Austrochaperina robusta Bells Peak

17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Nth Bell Peak, 20Km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Nth Bell Peak, 20Km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Nth Bell Peak, 20km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Nth Bell Peak, 20Km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53

Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Malbon Thompson Ra,North-South Bell Peak saddle" 17.06 145.54Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp "Malbon Thompson Ra,North-South Bell Peak saddle" 17.06 145.54Frogs Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp Bell Peak 17.05

145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Malbon Thompson Ra,Sth Bell Peak" 17.06 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Malbon Thompson Ra,Sth Bell Peak" 17.06 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Nth Bell Peak, 20Km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Nth Bell Peak, 20Km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Nth Bell Peak, 20Km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Bell Peak N, 10km E ofGordonvale" 17.05 145.53

Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Massey Ra, 12Km S ofGordonvale" 17.11 145.48Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Malbon Thompson Ra,North-South Bell Peak saddle" 17.06 145.54Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Malbon Thompson Ra,Sth Bell Peak" 17.06 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus ornatus "Stallions Pocket,Mulgrave R, via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus sp "Nth Bell Peak, 20Km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus sp "Nth Bell Peak, 20Km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus sp "Nth Bell Peak, 20Km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs MICROHYLIDAE Cophixalus sp "Nth Bell Peak, 20Km Sof Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs MYOBATRACHIDAE Taudactylus acutirostris "MalbonThompson Ra, Sth Bell Peak" 17.06 145.53Frogs MYOBATRACHIDAE Taudactylus acutirostris "MalbonThompson Ra, Sth Bell Peak" 17.06 145.53Frogs MYOBATRACHIDAE Taudactylus acutirostris "MalbonThompson Ra, S Bell Peak" 17.06 145.53Frogs MYOBATRACHIDAE Taudactylus acutirostris "Nth BellPeak, 20Km S of Cairns" 17.05 145.53Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria genimaculata "Upper Mulgrave, viaGordonvale" 17.06 145.49Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria genimaculata "Massey Ra, 6km NW CentreBellenden Ker" 17.14 145.48Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria genimaculata "Upper Mulgrave, viaGordonvale" 17.06 145.49Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria genimaculata "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria genimaculata "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria nasuta "Upper Mulgrave, via Gordonvale"

17.06 145.49Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria rheocola "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria rheocola "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria rheocola "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria rheocola "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria rheocola "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Litoria rheocola "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45

Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi Behana Gorge 17.1 145.49Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Mulgrave Rd, `Stallions Pocket',via Mulgrave R" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stalions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Frogs HYLIDAE Nyctimystes dayi "Stallions Pocket, Mulgrave R,via Gordonvale" 17.12 145.45Reptiles Cheluidae Elseya latisternum "Mulgrave R ,Goldsborough, nr Gordonvale" 17.09 145.45Reptiles GEKKONIDAE Carphodactylus laevis "MalbonThompson Ra, S. Cairns" 17.05 145.52Reptiles GEKKONIDAE Gehyra dubia Bellenden Ker Ra

17.12 145.51Reptiles GEKKONIDAE Saltuarius cornutus "Bell Peak,N of Malba Thompson Ra" 17.05 145.52Reptiles GEKKONIDAE Saltuarius cornutus "Bell Peak,N of Malba Thompson Ra" 17.05 145.52Reptiles GEKKONIDAE Saltuarius cornutus "Bell Peak,N of Malba Thompson Ra" 17.05 145.52Reptiles GEKKONIDAE Saltuarius cornutus MalbonThompson Range 17.07 145.54Reptiles GEKKONIDAE Saltuarius cornutus BellendenKer Ra 17.12 145.51Reptiles PYGOPODIDAE Delma tincta Gordonvale 17.06

145.47Reptiles SCINCIDAE Carlia laevis "Cairns, 35.1km S, on BruceHway" 17.13 145.54

Reptiles SCINCIDAE Carlia laevis "Cairns, 35.1km S, on BruceHway" 17.13 145.54Reptiles SCINCIDAE Carlia rostralis "Mulgrave R, viaGordonvale" 17.12 145.45Reptiles SCINCIDAE Coeranoscincus frontalis "Aloomba,nr Gordonvale" 17.07 145.5Reptiles SCINCIDAE Glaphyromorphus mjobergi "MasseyRa, 12km S Gordonvale" 17.11 145.48Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "WrightCreek, Lake Eacham" 17.03 145.46Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "Malbon,Thompson Ra, S Bell Peak" 17.06 145.54Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "Bell Peak,N of, 20km S Cairns" 17.05 145.53Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "Bell Peak,N of, 20km S Cairns" 17.05 145.53Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "North-South Bell Peak Saddle, Malbon Thompson Ra" 17.06 145.54Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "MasseyRa, 6km NW Centre Bellenden Ker" 17.14 145.48Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae Kearney'sFalls 17.14 145.47Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "Atherton,Walkers Fragment" 17.09 145.52Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "Atherton,Walkers Fragment" 17.09 145.52Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "Atherton,Walkers Fragment" 17.09 145.52Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "Atherton,Walkers Fragment" 17.09 145.52Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "BellendenKer Ra, Mulgrave R" 17.07 145.47Reptiles SCINCIDAE Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae "Atherton,Walkers Fragment" 17.09 145.52Reptiles SCINCIDAE Lampropholis coggeri "North-South Bell PeakSaddle, Malbon Thompson Ra." 17.06 145.54Reptiles SCINCIDAE Lampropholis coggeri "Palmerston NP, EMargin" 17.06 145.47Reptiles SCINCIDAE Lampropholis coggeri "Bell Peak, Sth"

17.06 145.54Reptiles SCINCIDAE Lampropholis robertsi "Bellenden Ker,Top of" 17.13 145.53Reptiles SCINCIDAE Saproscincus basiliscus "North-South BellPeak Saddle, Malbon Thompson Ra" 17.06 145.54Reptiles SCINCIDAE Saproscincus czechurai "Massey Ra, 6kmNW centre Bellenden Ker" 17.14 145.49Reptiles SCINCIDAE Saproscincus tetradactylus "Kearneys Falls,Upp Mulgrave Rd" 17.14 145.47Reptiles SCINCIDAE Saproscincus tetradactylus "MalbonThompson Ra, Nth Bell Peak" 17.07 145.54

Reptiles SCINCIDAE Saproscincus tetradactylus "Mulgrave R, viaGordonvale" 17.12 145.45Reptiles SCINCIDAE Saproscincus tetradactylus "Mulgrave R, viaGordonvale" 17.12 145.45Reptiles AGAMIDAE Physignathus lesueurii "Mulgrave R, viaGordonvale" 17.12 145.45Reptiles VARANIDAE Varanus panoptes "Aloomba, nrCairns" 17.07 145.5Reptiles TYPHLOPIDAE Ramphotyphlops polygrammicus

Gordonvale 17.06 145.47Reptiles Pythonidae Liasis mackloti "Green Hill, ca.20km SCairns, nr Gordonvale" 17.03 145.48Reptiles Pythonidae Morelia kinghorni "Mulgrave R, viaGordonvale" 17.06 145.49Reptiles ELAPIDAE Demansia papuensis Goldsborough Stn

17.1 145.47Birds ARDEIDAE Egretta intermedia plumifera Gordonvale 17.06

145.47Birds SCOLOPACIDAE Actitis hypoleucos -0- Gordonvale 17.06

145.47Birds TYTONIDAE Tyto alba delicatula Mulgrave R 17.07 145.47Birds STRIGIDAE Ninox novaeseelandiae lurida Mulgrave R 17.07

145.47Birds AEGOTHELIDAE Aegotheles cristatus leucogaster BetweenInnisfail and Cairns 17.13 145.55Birds PITTIDAE Pitta versicolor intermedia Gordonvale 17.06

145.47Birds ACANTHIZIDAE Gerygone palpebrosa flavida Mulgrave R

17.07 145.47Birds PACHYCEPHALIDAE Pachycephala griseiceps peninsulae

Mulgrave R 17.07 145.47Birds PACHYCEPHALIDAE Pachycephala griseiceps peninsulae

Mulgrave R 17.07 145.47Birds MELIPHAGIDAE Myzomela sanguinolenta sanguinolenta BigMulgrave R 17.07 145.47Birds MELIPHAGIDAE Ramsayornis modestus -0- Gordonvale

17.06 145.47Birds STURNIDAE Aplonis metallica metallica Mulgrave R



17.07 145.47Birds ORIOLIDAE Oriolus flavocinctus flavocinctus Gordonvale

17.06 145.47Birds ORIOLIDAE Oriolus flavocinctus flavocinctus Mulgrave R

17.07 145.47Birds ORIOLIDAE Oriolus flavocinctus flavocinctus Mulgrave R

17.07 145.47

Birds ORIOLIDAE Oriolus flavocinctus flavocinctus Mulgrave R17.07 145.47





Birds PTILONORHYNCHIDAE Ailuroedus melanotis maculosus"Allumbah, Atherton" 17.07 145.5

Mammals Dasyuridae Antechinus flavipes RUBECULUSGordonvale 17.05 145.46

Mammals Dasyuridae Antechinus flavipes "GoldsboroughValley turnoff, 400m W" 17.08 145.45Mammals Dasyuridae Antechinus flavipes MalbonThompson Ra 17.05 145.52Mammals Petauridae Dactylopsila trivirgata Gordonvale

17.05 145.46Mammals Petauridae Dactylopsila trivirgata Gordonvale

17.05 145.46Mammals Petauridae Petaurus breviceps longicaudatus

Gordonvale 17.05 145.46Mammals Vespertilionidae Miniopterus australis

Gordonvale 17.06 145.47Mammals Vespertilionidae Miniopterus australis

Gordonvale 17.06 145.47Mammals Vespertilionidae Miniopterus schreibersii

Gordonvale 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni Meringa 17.05

145.46Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni "Mulgrave Sugar Millarea, via Cairns" 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni "Mulgrave Sugar Millarea, via Cairns" 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni "Mulgrave Sugar Millarea, via Cairns" 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni "Mulgrave Sugar Millarea, via Cairns" 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni "Mulgrave Sugar Millarea, via Cairns" 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni "Mulgrave Sugar Millarea, via Cairns" 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni "Mulgrave Sugar Millarea, via Cairns" 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni "Mulgrave Sugar Millarea, via Cairns" 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni "Mulgrave Sugar Millarea, via Cairns" 17.06 145.47

Mammals Muridae Melomys burtoni Gordonvale 17.05145.46

Mammals Muridae Melomys cervinipes "Bayview Heights,Meringa" 17.05 145.46Mammals Muridae Rattus fuscipes assimilis "Gordonvale,1.6km N Princes Hwy turnoff" 17.05 145.46Mammals Muridae Rattus rattus "Princes Hwy, Gordonvaleturnoff, 0.8km S" 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Rattus rattus "Figtree Ck, 16km SGordonvale" 17.13 145.54Mammals Muridae Rattus sordidus "Gordonvale, 1.6km NPrinces Hwy turnoff" 17.05 145.46Mammals Muridae Rattus sordidus "Gordonvale, 1.6km NPrinces Hwy turnoff" 17.05 145.46Mammals Muridae Rattus sordidus "Princes Hwy, 2km NGordonvale turnoff" 17.06 145.47Mammals Muridae Rattus sordidus "Gordonvale, 1.6km NPrinces Hwy turnoff" 17.05 145.46Mammals Muridae Rattus sordidus "Princes Hwy, 1.6km NGordonvale Turnoff" 17.06 145.47

Wildlife Online Extract

Search Criteria: Species List for a Defined Area

Species: All

Type: All

Status: All

Records: All

Date: All

Latitude: 17.03333 to 17.233333

Longitude: 145.75 to 145.95

Email: [email protected]

Date submitted: Tuesday 17 Nov 2009 08:39:28

Date extracted: Tuesday 17 Nov 2009 08:46:02

The number of records retrieved = 704

Disclaimer

As the EPA is still in a process of collating and vetting data, it is possible the information given is not complete. The information provided should only be usedfor the project for which it was requested and it should be appropriately acknowledged as being derived from Wildlife Online when it is used.

The State of Queensland does not invite reliance upon, nor accept responsibility for this information. Persons should satisfy themselves through independentmeans as to the accuracy and completeness of this information.

No statements, representations or warranties are made about the accuracy or completeness of this information. The State of Queensland disclaims allresponsibility for this information and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) for all expenses, losses, damagesand costs you may incur as a result of the information being inaccurate or incomplete in any way for any reason.

Kingdom Class Family Scientific Name Common Name I Q A Records

animals amphibians Bufonidae Rhinella marina cane toad Y 14 animals amphibians Hylidae Litoria nasuta striped rocketfrog C 1 animals amphibians Hylidae Litoria caerulea common green treefrog C 3/2animals amphibians Hylidae Litoria rheocola common mistfrog E E 7/7animals amphibians Hylidae Litoria nannotis waterfall frog E E 1/1animals amphibians Hylidae Nyctimystes dayi Australian lacelid E E 16/16animals amphibians Hylidae Litoria latopalmata broad palmed rocketfrog C 1 animals amphibians Hylidae Litoria lesueuri sensu lato stony creek frog C 2/1animals amphibians Hylidae Litoria genimaculata tapping green eyed frog R 1 animals amphibians Hylidae Litoria xanthomera orange thighed treefrog C 4 animals amphibians Microhylidae Cophixalus ornatus ornate nurseryfrog C 11/5animals amphibians Microhylidae Austrochaperina fryi peeping whistlefrog R 1/1animals amphibians Microhylidae Austrochaperina sp. 3/3animals amphibians Microhylidae Austrochaperina robusta robust whistlefrog R 7 animals amphibians Myobatrachidae Mixophyes sp. 2 animals amphibians Myobatrachidae Taudactylus acutirostris sharp snouted dayfrog E EX 5/2animals amphibians Ranidae Hylarana daemeli Australian woodfrog C 1/1animals birds Acanthizidae Gerygone mouki brown gerygone C 9 animals birds Acanthizidae Gerygone palpebrosa fairy gerygone C 10 animals birds Acanthizidae Sericornis frontalis white-browed scrubwren C 1 animals birds Acanthizidae Gerygone levigaster mangrove gerygone C 1 animals birds Acanthizidae Gerygone magnirostris large-billed gerygone C 12 animals birds Acanthizidae Sericornis magnirostra large-billed scrubwren C 12 animals birds Acanthizidae Oreoscopus gutturalis fernwren C 3 animals birds Accipitridae Milvus migrans black kite C 10 animals birds Accipitridae Hamirostra melanosternon black-breasted buzzard C 1 animals birds Accipitridae Haliaeetus leucogaster white-bellied sea-eagle C 3 animals birds Accipitridae Haliastur sphenurus whistling kite C 6 animals birds Accipitridae Aviceda subcristata Pacific baza C 1 animals birds Accipitridae Accipiter fasciatus brown goshawk C 3 animals birds Accipitridae Lophoictinia isura square-tailed kite R 1 animals birds Accipitridae Haliastur indus brahminy kite C 1 animals birds Accipitridae Pandion cristatus eastern osprey C 1 animals birds Accipitridae Elanus axillaris black-shouldered kite C 1 animals birds Alaudidae Mirafra javanica Horsfield's bushlark C 5 animals birds Alcedinidae Ceyx azureus azure kingfisher C 1 animals birds Anatidae Anas gracilis grey teal C 3 animals birds Anatidae Aythya australis hardhead C 6 animals birds Anatidae Dendrocygna arcuata wandering whistling-duck C 1 animals birds Anatidae Nettapus coromandelianus cotton pygmy-goose R 2 animals birds Anatidae Nettapus pulchellus green pygmy-goose C 1 animals birds Anatidae Anas superciliosa Pacific black duck C 11 animals birds Anhingidae Anhinga novaehollandiae Australasian darter C 4 animals birds Apodidae Hirundapus caudacutus white-throated needletail C 1 animals birds Apodidae Aerodramus terraereginae Australian swiftlet R 30 animals birds Ardeidae Ardea ibis cattle egret C 1

Page 1 of 16Environmental Protection Agency Wildlife Online - Extract Date 17/11/2009 at 08:46:02


animals birds Ardeidae Ardea intermedia intermediate egret C 2 animals birds Ardeidae Egretta novaehollandiae white-faced heron C 3 animals birds Ardeidae Egretta garzetta little egret C 2 animals birds Ardeidae Ardea pacifica white-necked heron C 1 animals birds Ardeidae Ardea modesta eastern great egret C 6 animals birds Artamidae Cracticus quoyi black butcherbird C 25 animals birds Artamidae Strepera graculina pied currawong C 2 animals birds Artamidae Artamus leucorynchus white-breasted woodswallow C 18 animals birds Burhinidae Burhinus grallarius bush stone-curlew C 1 animals birds Cacatuidae Cacatua galerita sulphur-crested cockatoo C 38 animals birds Campephagidae Coracina lineata barred cuckoo-shrike C 2 animals birds Campephagidae Lalage leucomela varied triller C 34 animals birds Campephagidae Coracina tenuirostris cicadabird C 5 animals birds Campephagidae Coracina papuensis white-bellied cuckoo-shrike C 13 animals birds Casuariidae Casuarius casuarius johnsonii (southern population) southern cassowary (southern E E 14

population)animals birds Charadriidae Vanellus miles miles masked lapwing (northern subspecies) C 3 animals birds Charadriidae Charadrius veredus oriental plover C 3 animals birds Charadriidae Elseyornis melanops black-fronted dotterel C 4 animals birds Charadriidae Vanellus tricolor banded lapwing C 1 animals birds Charadriidae Vanellus miles masked lapwing C 11 animals birds Charadriidae Pluvialis fulva Pacific golden plover C 2 animals birds Ciconiidae Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus black-necked stork R 4 animals birds Cisticolidae Cisticola exilis golden-headed cisticola C 11 animals birds Climacteridae Cormobates leucophaea white-throated treecreeper C 2 animals birds Columbidae Columba livia rock dove Y 2 animals birds Columbidae Ducula bicolor pied imperial-pigeon C 11 animals birds Columbidae Columba leucomela white-headed pigeon C 2 animals birds Columbidae Geopelia humeralis bar-shouldered dove C 20 animals birds Columbidae Chalcophaps indica emerald dove C 5 animals birds Columbidae Ptilinopus regina rose-crowned fruit-dove C 3 animals birds Columbidae Geopelia striata peaceful dove C 24 animals birds Columbidae Ptilinopus superbus superb fruit-dove C 10 animals birds Columbidae Lopholaimus antarcticus topknot pigeon C 5 animals birds Columbidae Streptopelia chinensis spotted dove Y 17 animals birds Columbidae Macropygia amboinensis brown cuckoo-dove C 11 animals birds Columbidae Ptilinopus magnificus wompoo fruit-dove C 10 animals birds Coraciidae Eurystomus orientalis dollarbird C 1 animals birds Corvidae Corvus orru Torresian crow C 2 animals birds Cuculidae Cuculus optatus oriental cuckoo C 3 animals birds Cuculidae Cacomantis variolosus brush cuckoo C 7 animals birds Cuculidae Chalcites minutillus russatus Gould's bronze-cuckoo C 2 animals birds Cuculidae Scythrops novaehollandiae channel-billed cuckoo C 2 animals birds Cuculidae Cacomantis flabelliformis fan-tailed cuckoo C 2 animals birds Cuculidae Centropus phasianinus pheasant coucal C 13 animals birds Cuculidae Eudynamys orientalis eastern koel C 8



animals birds Cuculidae Chalcites lucidus shining bronze-cuckoo C 2 animals birds Dicruridae Dicrurus bracteatus spangled drongo C 30 animals birds Estrildidae Neochmia phaeton crimson finch V 8 animals birds Estrildidae Neochmia temporalis red-browed finch C 13 animals birds Estrildidae Lonchura castaneothorax chestnut-breasted mannikin C 5 animals birds Estrildidae Lonchura punctulata nutmeg mannikin Y 8 animals birds Eurostopodidae Eurostopodus argus spotted nightjar C 1 animals birds Eurostopodidae Eurostopodus mystacalis white-throated nightjar C 1 animals birds Falconidae Falco peregrinus peregrine falcon C 1 animals birds Glareolidae Stiltia isabella Australian pratincole C 3 animals birds Glareolidae Glareola maldivarum oriental pratincole C 7 animals birds Halcyonidae Dacelo leachii blue-winged kookaburra C 4/3animals birds Halcyonidae Tanysiptera sylvia buff-breasted paradise-kingfisher C 7/2animals birds Halcyonidae Todiramphus macleayii forest kingfisher C 16 animals birds Halcyonidae Todiramphus pyrrhopygius red-backed kingfisher C 1 animals birds Halcyonidae Dacelo novaeguineae laughing kookaburra C 21 animals birds Hirundinidae Hirundo neoxena welcome swallow C 19 animals birds Hirundinidae Cecropis daurica red-rumped swallow C 1 animals birds Hirundinidae Petrochelidon nigricans tree martin C 1 animals birds Laridae Gelochelidon nilotica gull-billed tern C 1 animals birds Maluridae Malurus amabilis lovely fairy-wren C 3 animals birds Maluridae Malurus melanocephalus red-backed fairy-wren C 8 animals birds Maluridae Malurus lamberti variegated fairy-wren C 1 animals birds Megaluridae Megalurus timoriensis tawny grassbird C 11 animals birds Megaluridae Cincloramphus cruralis brown songlark C 2 animals birds Megapodiidae Alectura lathami Australian brush-turkey C 7 animals birds Megapodiidae Megapodius reinwardt orange-footed scrubfowl C 4 animals birds Meliphagidae Meliphaga notata yellow-spotted honeyeater C 34 animals birds Meliphagidae Melithreptus albogularis white-throated honeyeater C 20 animals birds Meliphagidae Philemon citreogularis little friarbird C 1 animals birds Meliphagidae Myzomela sanguinolenta scarlet honeyeater C 5 animals birds Meliphagidae Lichenostomus frenatus bridled honeyeater C 3 animals birds Meliphagidae Lichenostomus chrysops yellow-faced honeyeater C 4 animals birds Meliphagidae Xanthotis macleayanus Macleay's honeyeater C 8 animals birds Meliphagidae Ramsayornis modestus brown-backed honeyeater C 10 animals birds Meliphagidae Lichmera indistincta brown honeyeater C 12 animals birds Meliphagidae Lichenostomus flavus yellow honeyeater C 20 animals birds Meliphagidae Meliphaga lewinii Lewin's honeyeater C 7 animals birds Meliphagidae Meliphaga gracilis graceful honeyeater C 36 animals birds Meliphagidae Myzomela obscura dusky honeyeater C 28 animals birds Meliphagidae Philemon buceroides helmeted friarbird C 27 animals birds Meropidae Merops ornatus rainbow bee-eater C 12 animals birds Monarchidae Arses kaupi pied monarch C 1 animals birds Monarchidae Myiagra ruficollis broad-billed flycatcher C 1 animals birds Monarchidae Monarcha melanopsis black-faced monarch C 1 animals birds Monarchidae Symposiarchus trivirgatus spectacled monarch C 21



animals birds Monarchidae Machaerirhynchus flaviventer yellow-breasted boatbill C 6 animals birds Monarchidae Carterornis leucotis white-eared monarch C 1 animals birds Monarchidae Grallina cyanoleuca magpie-lark C 30 animals birds Monarchidae Myiagra rubecula leaden flycatcher C 7 animals birds Monarchidae Myiagra alecto shining flycatcher C 2 animals birds Motacillidae Anthus novaeseelandiae Australasian pipit C 6 animals birds Motacillidae Motacilla flava (sensu lato) yellow wagtail C 16 animals birds Nectariniidae Nectarinia jugularis olive-backed sunbird C 28 animals birds Nectariniidae Dicaeum hirundinaceum mistletoebird C 25 animals birds Oriolidae Oriolus sagittatus olive-backed oriole C 4 animals birds Oriolidae Oriolus flavocinctus yellow oriole C 32 animals birds Oriolidae Sphecotheres vieilloti Australasian figbird C 32 animals birds Orthonychidae Orthonyx spaldingii chowchilla C 5 animals birds Pachycephalidae Colluricincla boweri Bower's shrike-thrush C 1 animals birds Pachycephalidae Pachycephala pectoralis golden whistler C 6 animals birds Pachycephalidae Pachycephala rufiventris rufous whistler C 6 animals birds Pachycephalidae Pachycephala simplex peninsulae grey whistler C 14 animals birds Pachycephalidae Colluricincla megarhyncha little shrike-thrush C 31 animals birds Paradisaeidae Ptiloris victoriae Victoria's riflebird C 10 animals birds Pardalotidae Pardalotus striatus striated pardalote C 10 animals birds Passeridae Passer domesticus house sparrow Y 5 animals birds Pelecanidae Pelecanus conspicillatus Australian pelican C 4 animals birds Petroicidae Tregellasia capito pale-yellow robin C 11 animals birds Petroicidae Heteromyias cinereifrons grey-headed robin C 4 animals birds Petroicidae Microeca flavigaster lemon-bellied flycatcher C 2 animals birds Petroicidae Eopsaltria australis eastern yellow robin C 1 animals birds Phalacrocoracidae Phalacrocorax carbo great cormorant C 4 animals birds Phalacrocoracidae Phalacrocorax varius pied cormorant C 1 animals birds Phalacrocoracidae Microcarbo melanoleucos little pied cormorant C 7 animals birds Phalacrocoracidae Phalacrocorax sulcirostris little black cormorant C 5 animals birds Phasianidae Coturnix ypsilophora brown quail C 1 animals birds Pittidae Pitta versicolor noisy pitta C 13/1animals birds Podicipedidae Tachybaptus novaehollandiae Australasian grebe C 3 animals birds Psittacidae Alisterus scapularis Australian king-parrot C 4 animals birds Psittacidae Cyclopsitta diophthalma macleayana Macleay's fig-parrot V 24 animals birds Psittacidae Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus rainbow lorikeet C 27 animals birds Psittacidae Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus scaly-breasted lorikeet C 9 animals birds Psophodidae Psophodes olivaceus eastern whipbird C 3 animals birds Ptilonorhynchidae Ailuroedus melanotis spotted catbird C 8 animals birds Ptilonorhynchidae Ptilonorhynchus nuchalis great bowerbird C 3/3animals birds Ptilonorhynchidae Scenopoeetes dentirostris tooth-billed bowerbird C 1 animals birds Rallidae Fulica atra Eurasian coot C 1 animals birds Rallidae Gallinula tenebrosa dusky moorhen C 3 animals birds Rallidae Porphyrio porphyrio purple swamphen C 1 animals birds Rallidae Gallirallus philippensis buff-banded rail C 1 animals birds Recurvirostridae Himantopus himantopus black-winged stilt C 1



animals birds Rhipiduridae Rhipidura albiscapa grey fantail C 7 animals birds Rhipiduridae Rhipidura leucophrys willie wagtail C 35 animals birds Rhipiduridae Rhipidura rufiventris northern fantail C 4 animals birds Rhipiduridae Rhipidura rufifrons rufous fantail C 9 animals birds Scolopacidae Numenius minutus little curlew C 8 animals birds Scolopacidae Calidris acuminata sharp-tailed sandpiper C 1 animals birds Scolopacidae Actitis hypoleucos common sandpiper C 1 animals birds Strigidae Ninox boobook southern boobook C 2 animals birds Sturnidae Aplornis metallica metallic starling C 19 animals birds Sturnidae Sturnus tristis common myna Y 23 animals birds Threskiornithidae Platalea regia royal spoonbill C 2 animals birds Threskiornithidae Plegadis falcinellus glossy ibis C 4 animals birds Threskiornithidae Threskiornis spinicollis straw-necked ibis C 5 animals birds Threskiornithidae Threskiornis molucca Australian white ibis C 1 animals birds Timaliidae Zosterops lateralis silvereye C 19 animals birds Tytonidae Tyto longimembris eastern grass owl C 1 animals bony fish Anguillidae Anguilla reinhardtii longfin eel 1 animals bony fish Atherinidae Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum flyspecked hardyhead 1 animals bony fish Eleotridae Hypseleotris compressa empire gudgeon 2/1animals bony fish Gobiidae Stiphodon alleni Allen's stiphodon 1/1animals bony fish Gobiidae Schismatogobius sp. scaleless goby 1 animals bony fish Gobiidae Glossogobius species 1 false celebes goby 3/3animals bony fish Melanotaeniidae Cairnsichthys rhombosomoides Cairns rainbowfish 1/1animals bony fish Melanotaeniidae Melanotaenia splendida splendida eastern rainbowfish 3/1animals bony fish Pseudomugilidae Pseudomugil signifer Pacific blue eye 3/2animals insects Lycaenidae Hypochrysops apollo apollo Apollo jewel (Wet Tropics subspecies) V 11 animals mammals Canidae Canis familiaris dog Y 1 animals mammals Macropodidae Thylogale stigmatica red-legged pademelon C 2 animals mammals Muridae Rattus sordidus canefield rat C 16/16animals mammals Muridae Uromys caudimaculatus giant white-tailed rat C 2 animals mammals Peramelidae Perameles nasuta long-nosed bandicoot C 3 animals mammals Peramelidae Isoodon macrourus northern brown bandicoot C 1 animals mammals Petauridae Dactylopsila trivirgata striped possum C 1 animals mammals Potoroidae Hypsiprymnodon moschatus musky rat-kangaroo C 2 animals mammals Pteropodidae Pteropus conspicillatus spectacled flying-fox C V 4 animals mammals Suidae Sus scrofa pig Y 1 animals reptiles Agamidae Hypsilurus boydii Boyd's forest dragon C 2 animals reptiles Agamidae Physignathus lesueurii eastern water dragon C 1 animals reptiles Boidae Liasis mackloti water python C 2 animals reptiles Boidae Morelia kinghorni amethystine python (Australian form) C 3 animals reptiles Chelidae Wollumbinia latisternum saw-shelled turtle C 1 animals reptiles Colubridae Boiga irregularis brown tree snake C 1 animals reptiles Colubridae Stegonotus cucullatus slaty-grey snake C 1 animals reptiles Elapidae Tropidechis carinatus rough-scaled snake C 1 animals reptiles Elapidae Oxyuranus scutellatus coastal taipan C 1/1animals reptiles Gekkonidae Nactus cheverti C 1/1



animals reptiles Gekkonidae Saltuarius cornutus northern leaf-tailed gecko C 3/1animals reptiles Gekkonidae Carphodactylus laevis chameleon gecko C 2 animals reptiles Scincidae Carlia rostralis C 1 animals reptiles Scincidae Carlia rubrigularis C 1 animals reptiles Scincidae Coeranoscincus frontalis R 1/1animals reptiles Scincidae Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae C 1 fungi club fungi Basidiomycota Amanita C 1/1fungi club fungi Basidiomycota Trametes C 1/1fungi club fungi Basidiomycota Lenzites C 1/1fungi club fungi Basidiomycota Marasmius C 1/1fungi club fungi Basidiomycota Basidiomycota C 10/10fungi club fungi Basidiomycota Microporus xanthopus C 1/1fungi club fungi Basidiomycota Auricularia polytricha C 1/1fungi club fungi Basidiomycota Trametes scabrosa C 1/1fungi club fungi Basidiomycota Phellinus C 1/1fungi sac fungi Gyalectaceae Coenogonium confervoides C 1/1fungi sac fungi Pannariaceae Pannaria fulvescens C 1/1fungi sac fungi Pyrenulaceae Pyrenula cruenta C 1/1fungi sac fungi Trypetheliaceae Trypethelium tropicum C 1/1plants club mosses Lycopodiaceae Huperzia lockyeri V V 1/1plants club mosses Lycopodiaceae Huperzia tetrastichoides C 1/1plants conifers Podocarpaceae Podocarpus smithii C 1/1plants conifers Podocarpaceae Podocarpus dispermus C 1/1plants cycads Cycadaceae Cycas media subsp. banksii C 1/1plants ferns Adiantaceae Adiantum silvaticum C 1/1plants ferns Adiantaceae Cheilanthes brownii C 2/2plants ferns Adiantaceae Cheilanthes nudiuscula C 2/2plants ferns Adiantaceae Pityrogramma calomelanos var. calomelanos Y 1/1plants ferns Angiopteridaceae Angiopteris evecta giant fern C 1/1plants ferns Aspleniaceae Asplenium simplicifrons C 1/1plants ferns Blechnaceae Doodia media C 1/1plants ferns Blechnaceae Blechnum whelanii C 2/2plants ferns Davalliaceae Humata repens dwarf hare's foot fern C 1/1plants ferns Davalliaceae Davallia denticulata var. denticulata C 1/1plants ferns Dennstaedtiaceae Hypolepis tenuifolia C 1/1plants ferns Dennstaedtiaceae Oenotrichia tripinnata C 1/1plants ferns Dryopteridaceae Tectaria confluens C 1/1plants ferns Dryopteridaceae Arachniodes aristata prickly shield fern C 1/1plants ferns Grammitidaceae Grammitis stenophylla C 1/1plants ferns Grammitidaceae Prosaptia fuscopilosa C 2/2plants ferns Hymenophyllaceae Hymenophyllum walleri C 2/2plants ferns Hymenophyllaceae Hymenophyllum samoense C 2/2plants ferns Lindsaeaceae Lindsaea fraseri C 1/1plants ferns Lindsaeaceae Lindsaea brachypoda C 1/1plants ferns Nephrolepidaceae Nephrolepis cordifolia fishbone fern C 1/1plants ferns Polypodiaceae Colysis ampla C 1/1



plants ferns Polypodiaceae Crypsinus simplicissimus C 2/2plants ferns Polypodiaceae Dictymia brownii strap fern C 1/1plants ferns Salviniaceae Salvinia molesta salvinia Y 1/1plants ferns Schizaeaceae Lygodium flexuosum C 1/1plants ferns Thelypteridaceae Christella hispidula C 1/1plants ferns Vittariaceae Monogramma acrocarpa C 1/1plants higher dicots Acanthaceae Justicia betonica Y 2/2plants higher dicots Acanthaceae Thunbergia fragrans Y 1/1plants higher dicots Acanthaceae Stephanophysum longifolium Y 1/1plants higher dicots Acanthaceae Thunbergia grandiflora sky flower Y 4/4plants higher dicots Alseuosmiaceae Crispiloba disperma C 2/2plants higher dicots Amaranthaceae Amaranthus viridis green amaranth Y 1/1plants higher dicots Amaranthaceae Gomphrena celosioides gomphrena weed Y 1/1plants higher dicots Amaranthaceae Deeringia arborescens climbing deeringia C 2/2plants higher dicots Anacardiaceae Semecarpus australiensis native cashew tree C 1/1plants higher dicots Anacardiaceae Euroschinus falcatus var. falcatus C 3/3plants higher dicots Apiaceae Platysace valida C 1/1plants higher dicots Apiaceae Mackinlaya confusa C 2/2plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Parsonsia longipetiolata C 1/1plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Tabernaemontana pandacaqui banana bush C 1/1plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Ichnocarpus frutescens C 1/1plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Parsonsia bartlensis V 1/1plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Tylophora rupicola E E 2/2plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Parsonsia velutina hairy silkpod C 2/2plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Cerbera inflata C 1/1plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Marsdenia rara V 2/2plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Alyxia spicata C 1/1plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Marsdenia longipedicellata C 4/4plants higher dicots Apocynaceae Hoya australis subsp. tenuipes C 1/1plants higher dicots Aquifoliaceae Ilex arnhemensis subsp. ferdinandi C 2/2plants higher dicots Araliaceae Hydrocotyle acutiloba C 1/1plants higher dicots Araliaceae Astrotricha pterocarpa C 2/2plants higher dicots Argophyllaceae Argophyllum lejourdanii C 6/6plants higher dicots Argophyllaceae Argophyllum cryptophlebum R 2/2plants higher dicots Asteraceae Peripleura diffusa C 1/1plants higher dicots Asteraceae Ageratum conyzoides subsp. conyzoides Y 1/1plants higher dicots Asteraceae Pseudelephantopus spicatus Y 1/1plants higher dicots Asteraceae Synedrella nodiflora Y 1/1plants higher dicots Asteraceae Ageratum houstonianum blue billygoat weed Y 1/1plants higher dicots Asteraceae Cyanthillium cinereum C 2/2plants higher dicots Asteraceae Eleutheranthera ruderalis Y 2/2plants higher dicots Asteraceae Sphagneticola trilobata Y 1/1plants higher dicots Asteraceae Praxelis clematidea Y 1/1plants higher dicots Asteraceae Coronidium rupicola C 1/1plants higher dicots Balanophoraceae Balanophora fungosa subsp. fungosa C 1/1plants higher dicots Bignoniaceae Neosepicaea jucunda C 1/1



plants higher dicots Bignoniaceae Parmentiera aculeata Y 1/1plants higher dicots Boraginaceae Cordia dichotoma C 2/2plants higher dicots Brassicaceae Lepidium virginicum Virginian peppercress Y 1/1plants higher dicots Burseraceae Canarium vitiense C 1/1plants higher dicots Burseraceae Canarium australianum var. australianum C 1/1plants higher dicots Byttneriaceae Waltheria indica C 1/1plants higher dicots Byttneriaceae Keraudrenia lanceolata C 1/1plants higher dicots Byttneriaceae Commersonia macrostipulata C 1/1plants higher dicots Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia C 1/1plants higher dicots Caesalpiniaceae Senna tora Y 1/1plants higher dicots Caesalpiniaceae Senna hirsuta Y 1/1plants higher dicots Capparaceae Capparis C 1/1plants higher dicots Capparaceae Capparis sepiaria C 1/1plants higher dicots Cardiopteridaceae Cardiopteris moluccana C 1/1plants higher dicots Celastraceae Salacia disepala C 1/1plants higher dicots Celastraceae Denhamia viridissima C 1/1plants higher dicots Celastraceae Denhamia celastroides broad-leaved boxwood C 2/2plants higher dicots Celastraceae Perrottetia arborescens C 4/4plants higher dicots Cleomaceae Cleome hassleriana prickly spider-flower Y 1/1plants higher dicots Clusiaceae Garcinia mestonii Meston's mangosteen C 3/3plants higher dicots Combretaceae Dansiea elliptica R 5/5plants higher dicots Connaraceae Connarus conchocarpus subsp. conchocarpus C 1/1plants higher dicots Convolvulaceae Ipomoea brownii C 1/1plants higher dicots Convolvulaceae Merremia hederacea C 1/1plants higher dicots Convolvulaceae Evolvulus alsinoides C 1/1plants higher dicots Convolvulaceae Xenostegia tridentata C 1/1plants higher dicots Convolvulaceae Ipomoea hederifolia Y 2/2plants higher dicots Convolvulaceae Erycibe coccinea C 3/3plants higher dicots Convolvulaceae Ipomoea obscura Y 2/2plants higher dicots Cucurbitaceae Coccinia grandis Y 1/1plants higher dicots Cucurbitaceae Neoachmandra cunninghamii C 1/1plants higher dicots Dilleniaceae Hibbertia velutina C 1/1plants higher dicots Dilleniaceae Tetracera nordtiana C 1/1plants higher dicots Dilleniaceae Hibbertia melhanioides var. baileyana C 2/2plants higher dicots Ebenaceae Diospyros cupulosa C 1/1plants higher dicots Ebenaceae Diospyros hebecarpa C 3/3plants higher dicots Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus arnhemicus C 1/1plants higher dicots Ericaceae Acrotriche baileyana R 1/1plants higher dicots Ericaceae Rhododendron lochiae native rhododendron C 2/2plants higher dicots Ericaceae Leucopogon ruscifolius C 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Tragia finalis C 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Macaranga involucrata var. mallotoides C 3/3plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Codiaeum variegatum var. moluccanum C 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Chamaesyce hyssopifolia Y 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia heterophylla Y 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Claoxylon tenerifolium Queensland brittlewood C 1/1



plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Rockinghamia brevipes C 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Mallotus mollissimus C 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Macaranga subdentata C 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Mallotus polyadenos C 2/2plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Mallotus ficifolius C 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Macaranga tanarius macaranga C 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Cleidion javanicum C 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Manihot esculenta Y 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Chamaesyce hirta asthma plant Y 2/2plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Claoxylon hillii C 5/5plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Ricinus communis castor oil bush Y 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Mallotus repandus C 1/1plants higher dicots Euphorbiaceae Bertya polystigma C 3/3plants higher dicots Fabaceae Tephrosia astragaloides C 2/2plants higher dicots Fabaceae Austrosteenisia blackii var. astipella C 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Crotalaria novae-hollandiae subsp. novae-hollandiae C 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Crotalaria zanzibarica Y 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Hanslia ormocarpoides C 4/4plants higher dicots Fabaceae Crotalaria goreensis gambia pea Y 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Derris koolgibberah C 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Cajanus acutifolius C 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Ormosia ormondii C 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Centrosema molle Y 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Derris C 2/2plants higher dicots Fabaceae Derris sp. (Daintree D.E.Boyland+ 469) C 2/2plants higher dicots Fabaceae Cajanus reticulatus var. reticulatus C 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Rhynchosia acuminatissima C 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Crotalaria pallida var. obovata Y 1/1plants higher dicots Fabaceae Pultenaea millarii var. millarii C 2/2plants higher dicots Flacourtiaceae Scolopia braunii flintwood C 2/2plants higher dicots Flacourtiaceae Baileyoxylon lanceolatum C 1/1plants higher dicots Flacourtiaceae Casearia grewiifolia var. gelonioides C 1/1plants higher dicots Flacourtiaceae Homalium circumpinnatum C 1/1plants higher dicots Flacourtiaceae Casearia costulata C 3/3plants higher dicots Goodeniaceae Scaevola enantophylla C 1/1plants higher dicots Haloragaceae Gonocarpus acanthocarpus C 1/1plants higher dicots Lamiaceae Hyptis capitata Y 1/1plants higher dicots Lamiaceae Premna serratifolia C 1/1plants higher dicots Lamiaceae Clerodendrum tracyanum C 1/1plants higher dicots Lamiaceae Plectranthus thalassoscopicus C 3/3plants higher dicots Lamiaceae Clerodendrum paniculatum Y 1/1plants higher dicots Lamiaceae Glossocarya hemiderma C 2/2plants higher dicots Lamiaceae Plectranthus gratus V V 14/14plants higher dicots Lamiaceae Faradaya splendida C 1/1plants higher dicots Lecythidaceae Barringtonia calyptrata C 1/1plants higher dicots Loganiaceae Strychnos minor C 3/3



plants higher dicots Loganiaceae Mitrasacme pygmaea C 1/1plants higher dicots Loganiaceae Mitrasacme oasena C 1/1plants higher dicots Loranthaceae Amylotheca dictyophleba C 1/1plants higher dicots Malvaceae Abelmoschus manihot subsp. tetraphyllus Y 1/1plants higher dicots Meliaceae Dysoxylum papuanum C 1/1plants higher dicots Meliaceae Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum ivory mahogany C 3/3plants higher dicots Meliaceae Dysoxylum arborescens C 2/2plants higher dicots Meliaceae Dysoxylum parasiticum yellow mahogany C 2/2plants higher dicots Meliaceae Chisocheton longistipitatus C 1/1plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Acacia celsa C 1/1plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Acacia concinna Y 1/1plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Acacia calyculata C 1/1plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Acacia albizioides climbing wattle R 1/1plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Acacia crassicarpa C 1/1plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Leucaena leucocephala subsp. leucocephala Y 1/1plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Entada phaseoloides matchbox bean C 2/2plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Acacia aulacocarpa C 2/2plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Acacia cincinnata C 1/1plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Acacia humifusa C 2/2plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Acacia simsii C 2/2plants higher dicots Mimosaceae Acacia mangium C 4/4plants higher dicots Moraceae Ficus fraseri white sandpaper fig C 1/1plants higher dicots Moraceae Ficus pantoniana var. pantoniana C 1/1plants higher dicots Moraceae Ficus variegata var. variegata C 1/1plants higher dicots Moraceae Ficus virgata var. virgata C 2/2plants higher dicots Moraceae Ficus albipila var. albipila C 1/1plants higher dicots Moraceae Ficus benjamina var. benjamina weeping fig C 2/2plants higher dicots Moraceae Ficus racemosa var. racemosa C 3/3plants higher dicots Moraceae Ficus virens var. virens C 1/1plants higher dicots Myodocarpaceae Delarbrea michieana C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrsinaceae Myrsine porosa C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrsinaceae Embelia caulialata C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrsinaceae Ardisia pachyrrhachis C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Melaleuca sp. (Walshs Pyramid P.I.Forster PIF13767) C 2/2plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Melaleuca C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Syzygium boonjee C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Syzygium oleosum blue cherry C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Decaspermum humile silky myrtle C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Acmenosperma claviflorum grey satinash C 2/2plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Rhodomyrtus macrocarpa finger cherry C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Rhodamnia sessiliflora C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Eucalyptus platyphylla poplar gum C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Syzygium xerampelinum C 3/3plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Syzygium erythrodoxum C 2/2plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Syzygium apodophyllum C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Ristantia pachysperma yellow penda C 1/1



plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Melaleuca leucadendra broad-leaved tea-tree C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Leptospermum polygalifolium tantoon C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Xanthostemon chrysanthus black penda C 3/3plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Tristaniopsis exiliflora kanuka box C 2/2plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Eugenia reinwardtiana beach cherry C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Syzygium tierneyanum river cherry C 3/3plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Syzygium cormiflorum bumpy satinash C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Lenwebbia lasioclada C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Eucalyptus granitica granite ironbark C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Syzygium luehmannii C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Melaleuca viminalis C 1/1plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Eucalyptus reducta C 2/2plants higher dicots Myrtaceae Sannantha angusta C 1/1plants higher dicots Nyctaginaceae Pisonia aculeata thorny Pisonia C 1/1plants higher dicots Nyctaginaceae Pisonia umbellifera birdlime tree C 3/3plants higher dicots Oleaceae Chionanthus sleumeri C 1/1plants higher dicots Oleaceae Ligustrum australianum C 1/1plants higher dicots Oleaceae Jasminum didymum subsp. didymum C 1/1plants higher dicots Oleaceae Chionanthus ramiflora northern olive C 1/1plants higher dicots Passifloraceae Passiflora aurantioides C 1/1plants higher dicots Petiveriaceae Rivina humilis Y 1/1plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Glochidion C 1/1plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Antidesma erostre C 2/2plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Bischofia javanica C 2/2plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Glochidion hylandii C 2/2plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Glochidion harveyanum C 2/2plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus clamboides C 1/1plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus carpentariae C 2/2plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Glochidion philippicum C 4/4plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus collinus C 1/1plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Cleistanthus apodus C 1/1plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Bridelia insulana C 3/3plants higher dicots Phyllanthaceae Antidesma bunius currantwood C 1/1plants higher dicots Pittosporaceae Bursaria tenuifolia C 1/1plants higher dicots Pittosporaceae Pittosporum rubiginosum C 2/2plants higher dicots Pittosporaceae Pittosporum ferrugineum subsp. linifolium C 2/2plants higher dicots Polygalaceae Polygala paniculata Y 1/1plants higher dicots Polygonaceae Persicaria barbata C 1/1plants higher dicots Proteaceae Helicia recurva R 3/3plants higher dicots Proteaceae Lasjia whelanii C 2/2plants higher dicots Proteaceae Grevillea glauca bushy's clothes peg C 1/1plants higher dicots Proteaceae Grevillea baileyana C 1/1plants higher dicots Proteaceae Helicia australasica C 1/1plants higher dicots Proteaceae Grevillea parallela C 1/1plants higher dicots Rhamnaceae Sageretia hamosa C 1/1plants higher dicots Rhamnaceae Pomaderris tropica C 6/6



plants higher dicots Rhamnaceae Emmenosperma alphitonioides yellow ash C 1/1plants higher dicots Rhamnaceae Emmenosperma cunninghamii C 1/1plants higher dicots Rhizophoraceae Carallia brachiata carallia C 2/2plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Psychotria C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Opercularia C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Aidia racemosa C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Ixora baileyana C 2/2plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Richardia scabra Y 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Atractocarpus sessilis C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Psychotria submontana C 3/3plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Opercularia diphylla C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Atractocarpus hirtus C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Mitracarpus hirtus Y 3/3plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Spermacoce remota Y 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Spermacoce exilis Y 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Neonauclea glabra C 2/2plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Morinda umbellata C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Psychotria sp. (Utchee Creek H.Flecker NQNC5313) C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Atractocarpus fitzalanii subsp. fitzalanii C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Psychotria sp. (Danbulla S.T.Blake 15262) C 2/2plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Atractocarpus fitzalanii subsp. tenuipes C 3/3plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Tarenna dallachiana subsp. dallachiana C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Oldenlandia corymbosa var. corymbosa Y 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Cyclophyllum multiflorum C 3/3plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Psychotria dallachiana C 1/1plants higher dicots Rubiaceae Ixora timorensis C 1/1plants higher dicots Rutaceae Halfordia kendack saffron heart C 1/1plants higher dicots Rutaceae Micromelum minutum clusterberry C 1/1plants higher dicots Rutaceae Geijera salicifolia brush wilga C 1/1plants higher dicots Rutaceae Melicope vitiflora northern evodia C 1/1plants higher dicots Rutaceae Melicope bonwickii C 1/1plants higher dicots Rutaceae Zieria robertsiorum C 3/3plants higher dicots Rutaceae Flindersia schottiana bumpy ash C 1/1plants higher dicots Rutaceae Zieria minutiflora subsp. trichocarpa C 2/2plants higher dicots Rutaceae Acronychia chooreechillum C 2/2plants higher dicots Rutaceae Pitaviaster haplophyllus C 1/1plants higher dicots Rutaceae Melicope broadbentiana C 1/1plants higher dicots Rutaceae Acronychia imperforata beach acronychia C 1/1plants higher dicots Rutaceae Glycosmis trifoliata C 2/2plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Harpullia pendula C 2/2plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Alectryon tomentosus C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Arytera pauciflora C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Harpullia rhyticarpa C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Alectryon semicinereus R 1/1plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Mischocarpus exangulatus C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Diploglottis harpullioides R 2/2



plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Cardiospermum halicacabum var. halicacabum Y 2/2plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Jagera pseudorhus var. pseudorhus C 2/2plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Diploglottis diphyllostegia C 3/3plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Rhysotoechia robertsonii C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Mischocarpus stipitatus C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapindaceae Cupaniopsis foveolata narrow-leaved tuckeroo C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapotaceae Pouteria xerocarpa C 2/2plants higher dicots Sapotaceae Niemeyera prunifera C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapotaceae Planchonella myrsinodendron C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapotaceae Vanroyena castanosperma C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapotaceae Planchonella euphlebia C 1/1plants higher dicots Sapotaceae Palaquium galactoxylon C 1/1plants higher dicots Scrophulariaceae Lindernia crustacea C 1/1plants higher dicots Solanaceae Solanum torvum devil's fig Y 1/1plants higher dicots Solanaceae Solanum macoorai C 2/2plants higher dicots Solanaceae Solanum mauritianum wild tobacco Y 1/1plants higher dicots Solanaceae Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum Y 1/1plants higher dicots Solanaceae Solanum seaforthianum Brazilian nightshade Y 1/1plants higher dicots Solanaceae Solanum viridifolium C 1/1plants higher dicots Solanaceae Brugmansia x candida Angel's trumper Y 1/1plants higher dicots Solanaceae Solanum magnifolium C 1/1plants higher dicots Sparrmanniaceae Triumfetta rhomboidea chinese burr Y 1/1plants higher dicots Stackhousiaceae Stackhousia intermedia C 1/1plants higher dicots Stylidiaceae Stylidium confertum C 1/1plants higher dicots Surianaceae Guilfoylia monostylis guilfoylia C 1/1plants higher dicots Thymelaeaceae Phaleria octandra phaleria C 1/1plants higher dicots Vitaceae Vitaceae C 1/1plants higher dicots Vitaceae Tetrastigma nitens shining grape C 1/1plants higher dicots Vitaceae Tetrastigma thorsborneorum C 1/1plants higher dicots Vitaceae Cayratia japonica C 1/1plants higher dicots Vitaceae Cissus adnata C 1/1plants liverworts Aneuraceae Riccardia babindae C 1/1plants liverworts Aneuraceae Riccardia bipinnatifida C 2/2plants liverworts Aneuraceae Riccardia graeffei C 6/6plants lower dicots Annonaceae Polyalthia C 1/1plants lower dicots Annonaceae Annona glabra Y 1/1plants lower dicots Annonaceae Cananga odorata Ylang-ylang C 1/1plants lower dicots Annonaceae Polyalthia patinata R 2/2plants lower dicots Annonaceae Polyalthia nitidissima polyalthia C 3/3plants lower dicots Annonaceae Haplostichanthus rufescens C 2/2plants lower dicots Annonaceae Pseuduvaria mulgraveana var. mulgraveana R 3/3plants lower dicots Annonaceae Haplostichanthus johnsonii C 9/9plants lower dicots Annonaceae Polyalthia australis C 3/3plants lower dicots Eupomatiaceae Eupomatia barbata C 2/2plants lower dicots Eupomatiaceae Eupomatia laurina bolwarra C 2/2plants lower dicots Lauraceae Litsea C 1/1



plants lower dicots Lauraceae Cryptocarya murrayi Murray's laurel C 1/1plants lower dicots Lauraceae Cryptocarya laevigata C 1/1plants lower dicots Lauraceae Cryptocarya hypospodia north Queensland purple laurel C 2/2plants lower dicots Lauraceae Cryptocarya rhodosperma C 4/4plants lower dicots Lauraceae Beilschmiedia obtusifolia hard bolly gum C 2/2plants lower dicots Lauraceae Cryptocarya triplinervis var. riparia C 3/3plants lower dicots Lauraceae Cryptocarya bellendenkerana C 2/2plants lower dicots Lauraceae Endiandra longipedicellata C 1/1plants lower dicots Lauraceae Cryptocarya clarksoniana C 3/3plants lower dicots Lauraceae Endiandra palmerstonii Queensland walnut C 2/2plants lower dicots Lauraceae Lindera queenslandica C 3/3plants lower dicots Lauraceae Endiandra sankeyana Sankey's walnut C 1/1plants lower dicots Lauraceae Litsea fawcettiana C 1/1plants lower dicots Lauraceae Endiandra montana C 2/2plants lower dicots Lauraceae Neolitsea brassii C 1/1plants lower dicots Menispermaceae Pachygone ovata C 1/1plants lower dicots Menispermaceae Hypserpa decumbens C 1/1plants lower dicots Menispermaceae Pycnarrhena novoguineensis C 3/3plants lower dicots Menispermaceae Stephania japonica var. japonica C 1/1plants lower dicots Menispermaceae Stephania tuberosa C 3/3plants lower dicots Menispermaceae Carronia protensa C 2/2plants lower dicots Monimiaceae Wilkiea longipes C 1/1plants lower dicots Monimiaceae Wilkiea pubescens C 1/1plants lower dicots Monimiaceae Wilkiea angustifolia C 1/1plants lower dicots Myristicaceae Myristica globosa subsp. muelleri native nugmeg C 1/1plants lower dicots Papaveraceae Argemone ochroleuca subsp. ochroleuca mexican poppy Y 1/1plants lower dicots Piperaceae Piper caninum peppervine C 2/2plants lower dicots Piperaceae Piper hederaceum var. hederaceum C 1/1plants lower dicots Piperaceae Piper interruptum C 1/1plants lower dicots Piperaceae Peperomia blanda var. floribunda C 1/1plants lower dicots Winteraceae Tasmannia membranea C 2/2plants monocots Araceae Gymnostachys anceps settler's flax C 1/1plants monocots Araceae Rhaphidophora australasica C 1/1plants monocots Arecaceae Calamus caryotoides fish-tail lawyer cane C 1/1plants monocots Arecaceae Laccospadix australasica Atherton palm C 1/1plants monocots Arecaceae Oraniopsis appendiculata C 1/1plants monocots Arecaceae Linospadix microcarya R 2/2plants monocots Arecaceae Linospadix palmeriana R 4/4plants monocots Boryaceae Borya septentrionalis C 5/5plants monocots Cyperaceae Cyperus kyllingia Y 1/1plants monocots Cyperaceae Carex horsfieldii C 2/2plants monocots Cyperaceae Cyperus laxus C 1/1plants monocots Cyperaceae Cyperus compressus Y 2/2plants monocots Cyperaceae Scleria sphacelata C 1/1plants monocots Cyperaceae Cyperus sphacelatus Y 2/2plants monocots Cyperaceae Rhynchospora heterochaeta C 1/1



plants monocots Cyperaceae Tetraria capillaris C 1/1plants monocots Cyperaceae Cyperus trinervis C 1/1plants monocots Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea alata greater yam Y 1/1plants monocots Laxmanniaceae Lomandra multiflora subsp. multiflora C 1/1plants monocots Orchidaceae Liparis C 1/1plants monocots Orchidaceae Spathoglottis paulinae R 1/1plants monocots Orchidaceae Aphyllorchis queenslandica R 1/1plants monocots Orchidaceae Corymborkis veratrifolia cinnamon orchid C 1/1plants monocots Orchidaceae Bulbophyllum newportii C 1/1plants monocots Orchidaceae Liparis bracteata C 1/1plants monocots Orchidaceae Dendrobium fleckeri apricot orchid C 1/1plants monocots Orchidaceae Thelymitra fragrans C 1/1plants monocots Orchidaceae Bulbophyllum baileyi C 1/1plants monocots Orchidaceae Apostasia wallichii C 1/1plants monocots Pandanaceae Pandanus monticola C 1/1plants monocots Pandanaceae Freycinetia excelsa climbing pandanus C 2/2plants monocots Philydraceae Helmholtzia acorifolia C 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Arundo donax Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Melinis repens red natal grass Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Eleusine indica crowsfoot grass Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Chloris inflata purpletop chloris Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Sorghum bicolor forage sorghum Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Echinochloa polystachya cv. Amity Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Cymbopogon queenslandicus C 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Echinochloa dietrichiana C 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Urochloa subquadripara Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Pogonatherum crinitum C 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Dichanthium annulatum sheda grass Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Themeda quadrivalvis grader grass Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Sorghum arundinaceum Rhodesian Sudan grass Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Pennisetum purpureum elephant grass Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Paspalum paniculatum Russell River grass Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Paspalum conjugatum sourgrass Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Paspalidium distans shotgrass C 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Eriachne pallescens C 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Eragrostis elongata C 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Centotheca lappacea C 2/2plants monocots Poaceae Echinochloa colona awnless barnyard grass Y 2/2plants monocots Poaceae Aristida latifolia feathertop wiregrass C 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Panicum miliaceum millet panic Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Leptaspis banksii C 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Eragrostis pilosa soft lovegrass Y 1/1plants monocots Poaceae Themeda triandra kangaroo grass C 1/1plants monocots Pontederiaceae Monochoria cyanea C 1/1plants monocots Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea johnsonii C 1/1plants monocots Zingiberaceae Alpinia modesta C 1/1



plants mosses Brachytheciaceae Rhynchostegium C 1/1plants mosses Brachytheciaceae Platyhypnidium muelleri C 1/1plants mosses Bryaceae Rosulabryum wightii C 1/1plants mosses Calymperaceae Mitthyridium repens C 1/1plants mosses Calymperaceae Mitthyridium fasciculatum C 1/1plants mosses Calymperaceae Syrrhopodon croceus C 1/1plants mosses Erpodiaceae Erpodium solmsiellaceum C 1/1plants mosses Hypnaceae Ectropothecium zollingeri C 2/2plants mosses Leucobryaceae Leucobryum sanctum C 1/1plants mosses Neckeraceae Touwia laticostata C 1/1plants mosses Pterobryaceae Calyptothecium C 1/1plants spike mosses Selaginellaceae Selaginella australiensis C 1/1plants whisk ferns Psilotaceae Psilotum nudum skeleton fork fern C 1/1plants whisk ferns Tmesipteridaceae Tmesipteris truncata C 2/2protists red algae Rhodophyceae Rhodymenia linearis C 1/1

CODES

I - Y indicates that the taxon is introduced to Queensland and has naturalised.

Q - Indicates the Queensland conservation status of each taxon under the Nature Conservation Act 1992. The codes are Presumed Extinct (PE), Endangered (E),Vulnerable (V), Rare (R), Common (C) or Not Protected ( ).

A - Indicates the Australian conservation status of each taxon under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. The values of EPBC areConservation Dependent (CD), Critically Endangered (CE), Endangered (E), Extinct (EX), Extinct in the Wild (XW) and Vulnerable (V).

Records – The first number indicates the total number of records of the taxon for the record option selected (i.e. All, Confirmed or Specimens).This number is output as 99999 if it equals or exceeds this value. The second number located after the / indicates the number of specimen records for the taxon.This number is output as 999 if it equals or exceeds this value.


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Protected Matters Search Tool

You are here: DEH Home > EPBC Act > Search

EPBC Act Protected MattersReport

4 July 2006 13:29

This report provides general guidance on matters of national environmental significance and othermatters protected by the EPBC Act in the area you have selected. Information on the coverage ofthis report and qualifications on data supporting this report are contained in the caveat at the end ofthe report.

You may wish to print this report for reference before moving to other pages or websites.

The Australian Natural Resources Atlas at http://www.environment.gov.au/atlas may providefurther environmental information relevant to your selected area. Information about the EPBC Actincluding significance guidelines, forms and application process details can be found athttp://www.deh.gov.au/epbc/assessmentsapprovals/index.html

Page 1 of 15

16/11/2009file://G:\42\14087\Searches\CA4DQR45 EPBC REPORT.htm

Search Type: AreaBuffer: 5 kmCoordinates: -17.23333,145.95, -17.23333,145.9166, -17.03333,145.75, -17.03333,145.8333

Report Contents: SummaryDetails

Matters of NESOther matters protected by the EPBC ActExtra Information

CaveatAcknowledgments

Summary

Matters of National Environmental SignificanceThis part of the report summarises the matters of national environmental significance that mayoccur in, or may relate to, the area you nominated. Further information is available in the detail partof the report, which can be accessed by scrolling or following the links below. If you are proposingto undertake an activity that may have a significant impact on one or more matters of nationalenvironmental significance then you should consider the Administrative Guidelines on Significance- see http://www.deh.gov.au/epbc/assessmentsapprovals/guidelines/index.html.World Heritage Properties: 2

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National Heritage Places: NoneWetlands of International Significance:(Ramsar Sites)

None

Commonwealth Marine Areas: RelevantThreatened Ecological Communities: 1Threatened Species: 45Migratory Species: 26

Other Matters Protected by the EPBC ActThis part of the report summarises other matters protected under the Act that may relate to the areayou nominated. Approval may be required for a proposed activity that significantly affects theenvironment on Commonwealth land, when the action is outside the Commonwealth land, or theenvironment anywhere when the action is taken on Commonwealth land. Approval may also berequired for the Commonwealth or Commonwealth agencies proposing to take an action that islikely to have a significant impact on the environment anywhere.

The EPBC Act protects the environment on Commonwealth land, the environment from the actionstaken on Commonwealth land, and the environment from actions taken by Commonwealthagencies. As heritage values of a place are part of the 'environment', these aspects of the EPBC Actprotect the Commonwealth Heritage values of a Commonwealth Heritage place and the heritagevalues of a place on the Register of the National Estate. Information on the new heritage laws canbe found at http://www.deh.gov.au/heritage/index.html.

Please note that the current dataset on Commonwealth land is not complete. Further information onCommonwealth land would need to be obtained from relevant sources including Commonwealthagencies, local agencies, and land tenure maps.

A permit may be required for activities in or on a Commonwealth area that may affect a member ofa listed threatened species or ecological community, a member of a listed migratory species, whalesand other cetaceans, or a member of a listed marine species. Information on EPBC Act permitrequirements and application forms can be found athttp://www.deh.gov.au/epbc/permits/index.html.Commonwealth Lands: 1Commonwealth Heritage Places: NonePlaces on the RNE: 9Listed Marine Species: 84Whales and Other Cetaceans: 12Critical Habitats: NoneCommonwealth Reserves: None

Extra Information

This part of the report provides information that may also be relevant to the area you havenominated.

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Details

Matters of National Environmental Significance

State and Territory Reserves: 6Other Commonwealth Reserves: 1Regional Forest Agreements: None

World Heritage Properties [ Dataset Information ]Great Barrier Reef QLDWet Tropics of Queensland QLDCommonwealth Marine Areas [ Dataset Information ]Approval may be required for a proposed activity that is likely to have a significant impact on theenvironment in a Commonwealth Marine Area, when the action is outside the CommonwealthMarine Area, or the environment anywhere when the action is taken within the CommonwealthMarine Area. Generally the Commonwealth Marine Area stretches from three nautical miles to twohundred nautical miles from the coast.Within 3 Nautical Mile LimitThreatened Ecological Communities [ DatasetInformation ] Status Type of Presence

Mabi Forest (Complex Notophyll Vine Forest5b)

CriticallyEndangered

Community known to occur withinarea

Threatened Species [ Dataset Information ] Status Type of PresenceBirdsCasuarius casuarius johnsonii*Southern Cassowary (Australian)

Endangered Species or species habitat known tooccur within area

Erythrotriorchis radiatus *Red Goshawk

Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Rostratula australis *Australian Painted Snipe

Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occurwithin area

FrogsLitoria nannotis *Waterfall Frog, Torrent Tree Frog

Endangered Species or species habitat may occurwithin area

Litoria nyakalensis *Mountain Mistfrog

Endangered Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Litoria rheocola *Common Mistfrog


Nyctimystes dayi *Lace-eyed Tree Frog, Australian Lacelid


Taudactylus acutirostris *Sharp-snouted Day Frog, Sharp-snoutedTorrent Frog

Extinct Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

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MammalsBalaenoptera musculus *Blue Whale


Dasyurus hallucatus *Northern Quoll


Dasyurus maculatus gracilis*Spotted-tailed Quoll or Yarri (NorthQueensland subspecies)


Hipposideros semoni *Semon's Leaf-nosed Bat, Greater Wart-nosedHorseshoe-bat


Megaptera novaeangliae *Humpback Whale

Vulnerable Breeding known to occur within area

Pteropus conspicillatus *Spectacled Flying-fox


Rhinolophus philippinensis (large form) *Greater Large-eared Horseshoe Bat


Saccolaimus saccolaimus nudicluniatus*Bare-rumped Sheathtail Bat

CriticallyEndangered

Species or species habitat may occurwithin area

ReptilesCaretta caretta *Loggerhead Turtle


Chelonia mydas *Green Turtle


Dermochelys coriacea *Leathery Turtle, Leatherback Turtle, Luth


Eretmochelys imbricata *Hawksbill Turtle


Lepidochelys olivacea *Pacific Ridley, Olive Ridley


Natator depressus *Flatback Turtle


SharksRhincodon typus *Whale Shark


PlantsActephila foetida * Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to

occur within areaArenga australasica *Australian Arenga Palm


Canarium acutifolium var. acutifolium* Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Carronia pedicellata * Endangered Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

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Dendrobium mirbelianum *dendrobium orchid


Dendrobium nindii * Endangered Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Dendrobium superbiens * Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Diplazium cordifolium * Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Diplazium pallidum * Endangered Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Eleocharis retroflexa * Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Hodgkinsonia frutescens *Atherton Turkey Bush


Huperzia filiformis *Rat's Tail Tassel-fern


Huperzia lockyeri * Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Huperzia marsupiiformis *Water Tassel-fern


Huperzia phlegmarioides *Layered Tassel-fern


Huperzia prolifera *Square Tassel-fern


Myrmecodia beccarii * Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Phalaenopsis rosenstromii * Endangered Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Plectranthus gratus * Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Polyscias bellendenkerensis * Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Tylophora rupicola * Endangered Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Zeuxine polygonoides * Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Migratory Species [ Dataset Information ] Status Type of PresenceMigratory Terrestrial SpeciesBirdsHaliaeetus leucogasterWhite-bellied Sea-Eagle

Migratory Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Hirundapus caudacutusWhite-throated Needletail

Migratory Species or species habitat may occurwithin area

Hirundo rustica Migratory Species or species habitat may occur

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Barn Swallow within areaMonarcha melanopsisBlack-faced Monarch

Migratory Breeding may occur within area

Monarcha trivirgatusSpectacled Monarch

Migratory Breeding likely to occur within area

Myiagra cyanoleucaSatin Flycatcher


Rhipidura rufifronsRufous Fantail

Migratory Breeding may occur within area

Migratory Wetland SpeciesBirdsGallinago hardwickiiLatham's Snipe, Japanese Snipe


Nettapus coromandelianus albipennisAustralian Cotton Pygmy-goose


Numenius minutusLittle Curlew, Little Whimbrel


Rostratula benghalensis s. lat.Painted Snipe


Migratory Marine SpeciesMammalsBalaenoptera edeniBryde's Whale


Balaenoptera musculus *Blue Whale


Dugong dugonDugong



Migratory Breeding known to occur within area

Orcaella brevirostrisIrrawaddy Dolphin


Orcinus orcaKiller Whale, Orca


Sousa chinensisIndo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin


ReptilesCaretta caretta *Loggerhead Turtle




Crocodylus porosusEstuarine Crocodile, Salt-water Crocodile


Dermochelys coriacea * Migratory Species or species habitat may occur

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Other Matters Protected by the EPBC Act

Leathery Turtle, Leatherback Turtle, Luth within areaEretmochelys imbricata *Hawksbill Turtle






SharksRhincodon typusWhale Shark


Listed Marine Species [ Dataset Information ] Status Type of PresenceBirdsAnseranas semipalmataMagpie Goose

Listed -overflymarinearea


Apus pacificusFork-tailed Swift



Ardea albaGreat Egret, White Egret



Ardea ibisCattle Egret



Gallinago hardwickiiLatham's Snipe, Japanese Snipe



Haliaeetus leucogasterWhite-bellied Sea-Eagle

Listed Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Hirundapus caudacutusWhite-throated Needletail



Hirundo rusticaBarn Swallow



Merops ornatus Listed - Species or species habitat may occur

Page 8 of 15


Rainbow Bee-eater overflymarinearea

within area

Monarcha melanopsisBlack-faced Monarch


Breeding may occur within area

Monarcha trivirgatusSpectacled Monarch


Breeding likely to occur within area

Myiagra cyanoleucaSatin Flycatcher


Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Nettapus coromandelianus albipennisAustralian Cotton Pygmy-goose



Numenius minutusLittle Curlew, Little Whimbrel



Rhipidura rufifronsRufous Fantail


Breeding may occur within area

Rostratula benghalensis s. lat.Painted Snipe



Sterna albifronsLittle Tern

Listed Species or species habitat may occurwithin area

MammalsDugong dugonDugong


Ray-finned fishesAcentronura tentaculataHairy Pygmy Pipehorse


Bulbonaricus davaoensisDavao Pughead Pipefish


Choeroichthys brachysomaPacific Short-bodied Pipefish, Short-bodiedPipefish


Choeroichthys sculptusSculptured Pipefish


Choeroichthys suillus Listed Species or species habitat may occur

Page 9 of 15


Pig-snouted Pipefish within areaCorythoichthys amplexusFijian Banded Pipefish, Brown-banded Pipefish


Corythoichthys flavofasciatusYellow-banded Pipefish, Network Pipefish


Corythoichthys intestinalisAustralian Messmate Pipefish, Banded Pipefish


Corythoichthys ocellatusOrange-spotted Pipefish, Ocellated Pipefish


Corythoichthys paxtoniPaxton's Pipefish


Corythoichthys schultziSchultz's Pipefish


Cosmocampus maxweberiMaxweber's Pipefish


Doryrhamphus dactyliophorusRinged Pipefish


Doryrhamphus excisusIndian Blue-stripe Pipefish, Blue-stripe Pipefish


Doryrhamphus janssiCleaner Pipefish, Janss' Pipefish


Festucalex cinctusGirdled Pipefish


Festucalex gibbsiGibbs' Pipefish


Halicampus dunckeriRed-hair Pipefish, Duncker's Pipefish


Halicampus grayiMud Pipefish, Gray's Pipefish


Halicampus macrorhynchusWhiskered Pipefish, Ornate Pipefish


Halicampus mataafaeSamoan Pipefish


Halicampus nitidusGlittering Pipefish


Halicampus spinirostrisSpiny-snout Pipefish


Hippichthys cyanospilosBlue-speckled Pipefish, Blue-spotted Pipefish


Hippichthys heptagonusMadura Pipefish, Reticulated FreshwaterPipefish


Hippichthys penicillusBeady Pipefish, Steep-nosed Pipefish


Page 10 of 15


Hippichthys spiciferBelly-barred Pipefish, Banded FreshwaterPipefish


Hippocampus bargibantiPygmy Seahorse


Hippocampus histrixSpiny Seahorse


Hippocampus kudaSpotted Seahorse, Yellow Seahorse


Hippocampus planifronsFlat-face Seahorse


Hippocampus zebraZebra Seahorse


Micrognathus andersoniiAnderson's Pipefish, Shortnose Pipefish


Micrognathus brevirostrisThorn-tailed Pipefish


Microphis brachyurusShort-tailed Pipefish, Short-tailed River Pipefish


Nannocampus pictusPainted Pipefish, Reef Pipefish


Phoxocampus diacanthusPale-blotched Pipefish, Spined Pipefish


Siokunichthys brevicepsSoft-coral Pipefish


Solegnathus hardwickiiPipehorse


Solenostomus cyanopterusBlue-finned Ghost Pipefish, Robust GhostPipefish


Solenostomus paradoxusHarlequin Ghost Pipefish, Ornate Ghost Pipefish


Syngnathoides biaculeatusDouble-ended Pipehorse, Alligator Pipefish


Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatusBend Stick Pipefish, Short-tailed Pipefish


Trachyrhamphus longirostrisLong-nosed Pipefish, Straight Stick Pipefish


ReptilesAcalyptophis peroniiHorned Seasnake


Aipysurus duboisiiDubois' Seasnake


Aipysurus eydouxiiSpine-tailed Seasnake


Page 11 of 15


Aipysurus laevisOlive Seasnake


Astrotia stokesiiStokes' Seasnake


Caretta caretta *Loggerhead Turtle




Crocodylus porosusEstuarine Crocodile, Salt-water Crocodile


Dermochelys coriacea *Leathery Turtle, Leatherback Turtle, Luth


Disteira kingiiSpectacled Seasnake


Disteira majorOlive-headed Seasnake


Enhydrina schistosaBeaked Seasnake


Eretmochelys imbricata *Hawksbill Turtle


Hydrophis elegansElegant Seasnake


Hydrophis mcdowelli Listed Species or species habitat may occurwithin area

Hydrophis ornatusa seasnake


Lapemis hardwickiiSpine-bellied Seasnake


Laticauda colubrinaa sea krait


Laticauda laticaudataa sea krait






Pelamis platurusYellow-bellied Seasnake


Whales and Other Cetaceans [ DatasetInformation ] Status Type of Presence

Balaenoptera acutorostrataMinke Whale

Cetacean Species or species habitat may occurwithin area

Balaenoptera edeniBryde's Whale


Page 12 of 15


Extra Information

Balaenoptera musculus *Blue Whale


Delphinus delphisCommon Dolphin


Grampus griseusRisso's Dolphin, Grampus



Cetacean Breeding known to occur within area

Orcaella brevirostrisIrrawaddy Dolphin


Orcinus orcaKiller Whale, Orca


Sousa chinensisIndo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin


Stenella attenuataSpotted Dolphin, Pantropical Spotted Dolphin


Tursiops aduncusSpotted Bottlenose Dolphin

Cetacean Species or species habitat likely tooccur within area

Tursiops truncatus s. str.Bottlenose Dolphin


Commonwealth Lands [ Dataset Information ]

Places on the RNE [ Dataset Information ]Note that not all Indigenous sites may be listed.NaturalBellenden Ker National Parks (former) QLDCairns Tidal Wetlands QLDCairns Tidal Wetlands Redefined Area #2 QLDDeeral Landing Environmental Park QLDGreat Barrier Reef Region QLDGrey Peaks National Park QLDMalbon / Thompson Range Area QLDMutchero Inlet National Park (former) QLDRussell River National Park (1978 boundary) QLD

State and Territory Reserves [ Dataset Information ]Cairns Marine Park, QLDGrey Peaks National Park, QLDRussell River National Park, QLD

Page 13 of 15


CaveatThe information presented in this report has been provided by a range of data sources asacknowledged at the end of the report.

This report is designed to assist in identifying the locations of places which may be relevant indetermining obligations under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.It holds mapped locations of World Heritage and Register of National Estate properties, Wetlands ofInternational Importance, Commonwealth and State/Territory reserves, listed threatened, migratoryand marine species and listed threatened ecological communities. Mapping of Commonwealth landis not complete at this stage. Maps have been collated from a range of sources at various resolutions.

Not all species listed under the EPBC Act have been mapped (see below) and therefore a report is ageneral guide only. Where available data supports mapping, the type of presence that can bedetermined from the data is indicated in general terms. People using this information in making areferral may need to consider the qualifications below and may need to seek and consider otherinformation sources.

For threatened ecological communities where the distribution is well known, maps are derived fromrecovery plans, State vegetation maps, remote sensing imagery and other sources. Where threatenedecological community distributions are less well known, existing vegetation maps and point locationdata are used to produce indicative distribution maps.

For species where the distributions are well known, maps are digitised from sources such as recoveryplans and detailed habitat studies. Where appropriate, core breeding, foraging and roosting areas areindicated under "type of presence". For species whose distributions are less well known, pointlocations are collated from government wildlife authorities, museums, and non-governmentorganisations; bioclimatic distribution models are generated and these validated by experts. In somecases, the distribution maps are based solely on expert knowledge.

Only selected species covered by the migratory and marine provisions of the Act have been mapped.

The following species and ecological communities have not been mapped and do not appear inreports produced from this database:

threatened species listed as extinct or considered as vagrantssome species and ecological communities that have only recently been listedsome terrestrial species that overfly the Commonwealth marine areamigratory species that are very widespread, vagrant, or only occur in small numbers.

The following groups have been mapped, but may not cover the complete distribution of the species:

non-threatened seabirds which have only been mapped for recorded breeding sites;

Trinity Inlet Fish Habitat Area, QLDTrinity Inlet/Marlin Coast Marine Park, QLDWooroonooran National Park, QLDOther Commonwealth Reserves [ Dataset Information ]Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, COM

Page 14 of 15


seals which have only been mapped for breeding sites near the Australian continent.

Such breeding sites may be important for the protection of the Commonwealth Marine environment.

AcknowledgmentsThis database has been compiled from a range of data sources. Environment Australia acknowledgesthe following custodians who have contributed valuable data and advice:

New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife ServiceDepartment of Sustainability and Environment, VictoriaDepartment of Primary Industries, Water and Environment, TasmaniaDepartment of Environment and Heritage, South Australia Planning SAParks and Wildlife Commission of the Northern TerritoryEnvironmental Protection Agency, QueenslandBirds AustraliaAustralian Bird and Bat Banding SchemeAustralian National Wildlife CollectionNatural history museums of AustraliaQueensland HerbariumNational Herbarium of NSWRoyal Botanic Gardens and National Herbarium of VictoriaTasmanian HerbariumState Herbarium of South AustraliaNorthern Territory HerbariumWestern Australian HerbariumAustralian National Herbarium, Atherton and CanberraUniversity of New EnglandOther groups and individuals

ANUCLIM Version 1.8, Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, Australian NationalUniversity was used extensively for the production of draft maps of species distribution.Environment Australia is extremely grateful to the many organisations and individuals who providedexpert advice and information on numerous draft distributions.

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Last updated:

Department of the Environment and HeritageGPO Box 787 Canberra ACT 2601 AustraliaTelephone: +61 (0)2 6274 1111

© Commonwealth of Australia 2004

Page 15 of 15


MULGFISH.TXT"Anguillidae"|"Anguilla"|"obscura"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|10/08/1994|29/09/1994"Anguillidae"|"Anguilla"|"obscura"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Anguillidae"|"Anguilla"|"reinhardtii"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|14/07/1994|29/09/1994"Anguillidae"|"Anguilla"|"reinhardtii"|"Wright Ck, S ofCairns"|17.03|145.46|10/05/1978|16/06/1978"Plotosidae"|"Neosilurus"|"ater"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|14/07/1994|29/09/1994"Plotosidae"|"Tandanus"|"tandanus"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Poeciliidae"|"Poecilia"|"reticulata"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Poeciliidae"|"Poecilia"|"reticulata"|"Little Mulgrave River, 8 kms W ofGordonvale"|17.09|145.45|28/11/1985|30/12/1985"Poeciliidae"|"Poecilia"|"reticulata"|"Rusty Creek, trib RussellRiver"|17.1|145.53|15/03/1994|09/12/2003"Poeciliidae"|"Xiphophorus"|"maculatus"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|14/07/1994|29/09/1994"Poeciliidae"|"Xiphophorus"|"maculatus"|"Mulgrave River atGordonvale"|17.06|145.47|22/11/1985|30/12/1985"Poeciliidae"|"Xiphophorus"|"maculatus"|"Rusty Creek, trib RussellRiver"|17.1|145.53|15/03/1994|09/12/2003"Melanotaeniidae"|"Cairnsichthys"|"rhombosomoides"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Melanotaeniidae"|"Cairnsichthys"|"rhombosomoides"|"Kearneys Ck, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.14|145.46|14/01/1994|09/05/1995"Melanotaeniidae"|"Melanotaenia"|"splendida splendida"|"Behana Creek, tribMulgrave River"|17.08|145.5|14/07/1994|29/09/1994"Melanotaeniidae"|"Melanotaenia"|"splendida splendida"|"Behana Creek, tribMulgrave River"|17.08|145.5|16/08/1994|29/09/1994"Melanotaeniidae"|"Melanotaenia"|"splendida splendida"|"Little Mulgrave River, 8kms W of Gordonvale"|17.09|145.45|28/11/1985|30/12/1985"Melanotaeniidae"|"Melanotaenia"|"splendida splendida"|"Wright Ck, S ofCairns"|17.03|145.46|10/05/1978|16/06/1978"Melanotaeniidae"|"Pseudomugil"|"gertrudae"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|14/07/1994|29/09/1994"Melanotaeniidae"|"Pseudomugil"|"signifer"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Melanotaeniidae"|"Pseudomugil"|"signifer"|"Little Mulgrave River, 8 kms W ofGordonvale"|17.09|145.45|28/11/1985|30/12/1985"Melanotaeniidae"|"Pseudomugil"|"signifer"|"Wright Ck, S ofCairns"|17.03|145.46|10/05/1978|16/06/1978"Atherinidae"|"Craterocephalus"|"stercusmuscarum"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|14/12/1994|08/05/1995"Atherinidae"|"Craterocephalus"|"stercusmuscarum"|"Little Mulgrave River, 8 kmsW of Gordonvale"|17.09|145.45|28/11/1985|30/12/1985"Synbranchidae"|"Ophisternon"|"sp"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|15/02/1994|29/09/1994"Scorpaenidae"|"Notesthes"|"robusta"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|14/07/1994|29/09/1994"Scorpaenidae"|"Notesthes"|"robusta"|"Wright Ck, S ofCairns"|17.03|145.46|10/05/1978|16/06/1978"Ambassidae"|"Ambassis"|"agassizi"|"Wright Ck, S ofCairns"|17.03|145.46|10/05/1978|16/06/1978"Ambassidae"|"Ambassis"|"agrammus"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|10/03/1994|29/09/1994"Ambassidae"|"Ambassis"|"agrammus"|"Mulgrave River atGordonvale"|17.06|145.47|30/11/1993|09/12/2003"Teraponidae"|"Hephaestus"|"tulliensis"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|14/07/1994|29/09/1994"Kuhliidae"|"Kuhlia"|"rupestris"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|14/07/1994|29/09/1994"Apogonidae"|"Glossamia"|"aprion"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Apogonidae"|"Glossamia"|"aprion"|"Little Mulgrave River, 8 kms W ofGordonvale"|17.09|145.45|28/11/1985|30/12/1985"Gobiidae"|"Awaous"|"acritosus"|"Behana Creek"|17.07|145.5|01/12/1993|09/12/2003

Page 1

MULGFISH.TXT

"Gobiidae"|"Awaous"|"acritosus"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Gobiidae"|"Awaous"|"acritosus"|"Fishery Ck, trib Russell R, at highwaybridge"|17.11|145.53|17/12/1993|09/12/2003"Gobiidae"|"Awaous"|"acritosus"|"MulgraveRiver"|17.11|145.52|26/11/1993|09/12/2003"Gobiidae"|"Glossogobius"|"cf celebius"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Gobiidae"|"Glossogobius"|"cf celebius"|"MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.52|30/11/1993|09/12/2003"Gobiidae"|"Glossogobius"|"cf celebius"|"MulgraveRiver"|17.11|145.52|26/11/1993|09/12/2003"Gobiidae"|"Glossogobius"|"giuris"|"Wright Ck, S ofCairns"|17.03|145.46|10/05/1978|16/06/1978"Gobiidae"|"Glossogobius"|"sp mulgrave"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|16/08/1994|29/09/1994"Gobiidae"|"Glossogobius"|"sp mulgrave"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Gobiidae"|"Glossogobius"|"sp mulgrave"|"Kearneys Ck, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.14|145.46|04/12/1994|09/05/1995"Gobiidae"|"Redigobius"|"bikolanus"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|16/01/1995|08/05/1995"Gobiidae"|"Redigobius"|"sp"|"Wright Ck, S ofCairns"|17.03|145.46|10/05/1978|14/10/1980"Gobiidae"|"Schismatogobius"|"sp"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Gobiidae"|"Schismatogobius"|"sp"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|01/11/1996|31/01/1997"Eleotrididae"|"Eleotris"|"fusca"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|16/08/1994|29/09/1994"Eleotrididae"|"Eleotris"|"fusca"|"MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.52|30/11/1993|09/12/2003"Eleotrididae"|"Eleotris"|"sp"|"Wright Ck, S ofCairns"|17.03|145.46|10/05/1978|16/06/1978"Eleotrididae"|"Hypseleotris"|"compressus"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Eleotrididae"|"Hypseleotris"|"compressus"|"Wright Ck, S ofCairns"|17.03|145.46|10/05/1978|16/06/1978"Eleotrididae"|"Mogurnda"|"adspersa"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Eleotrididae"|"Ophieleotris"|"aporos"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|13/07/1994|29/09/1994"Eleotrididae"|"Oxyeleotris"|"aruensis"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|16/08/1994|29/09/1994"Eleotrididae"|"Oxyeleotris"|"aruensis"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.09|145.49|14/09/1994|08/05/1995"Eleotrididae"|"Oxyeleotris"|"aruensis"|"Behana Creek, trib MulgraveRiver"|17.08|145.5|15/09/1994|08/05/1995"Eleotrididae"|"Oxyeleotris"|"aruensis"|"Fishery Ck, trib Russell R, at highwaybridge"|17.11|145.53|17/12/1993|09/12/2003�

Page 2

Vegetation Management Act Essential HabitatSpecies Habitat Factors

Essential habitat mapping for the following species is found within an area that includes :-1.1km surrounding and including a Lot on Plan

or2.2km around the selected coordinates.

Essential habitat is compiled from a combination of species habitat models and buffered speciesrecords.

The NRMW essential habitat page has more information on how the layer is applied under the VMACodes.

Essential Habitat must include Regional Ecosystems (mandatory factor) as well as any two otherfactors.

Label ScientificName

CommonName

NCAStatus

RegionalEcosystems

VegetationCommunity Altitude Soils Position in

Landscape1087 Casuarius

casuariusjohnsonii(southern

population)

SouthernCassowary(southern

population)

E 7.1.3, 7.2.1,7.2.3, 7.2.4,7.2.5, 7.2.6,

7.2.11, 7.3.1,7.3.3, 7.3.4,7.3.5, 7.3.6,7.3.7, 7.3.8,

7.3.10, 7.3.11,7.3.12, 7.3.17,7.3.23, 7.3.25,7.3.36, 7.3.37,7.3.38, 7.8.1,7.8.2, 7.8.3,7.8.4, 7.8.7,

7.8.8, 7.8.14,7.11.1, 7.11.2,7.11.5, 7.11.6,

7.11.7,7.11.10,7.11.12,7.11.13,7.11.14,7.11.18,7.11.23,7.11.24,7.11.25,7.11.28,7.11.29,7.11.30,7.11.34,

7.12.1, 7.12.2,7.12.4, 7.12.5,7.12.7, 7.12.9,

7.12.13,7.12.14,7.12.16,7.12.17,

Denselowland and

highlandtropical

rainforest,closed gallery

forest,eucalypt forest

with vineforest

elements,swamp forestand adjacentmelaleucaswamps,

littoral scrub,eucalypt

woodland andmangroves;

often using ahabitat mosai!c; will cross

open eucalypt,canefields and

dry ridgesbetween

rainforestpatches.

Sealevel to1000m.

Page 1 of 2Habitat Factors

16/11/2009file://G:\42\14087\Searches\hab_factors.html

7.12.19,7.12.20,7.12.39,7.12.40,7.12.43,7.12.44,7.12.47,7.12.50,7.12.68

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This document is and shall remain the property of GHD. The document may only be used for the purposefor which it was commissioned and in accordance with the Terms of Engagement for the commission.Unauthorised use of this document in any form whatsoever is prohibited.

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