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8/12/2019 Renault PP Specifications Version 231107 2
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General specifications for 12V SLI Lead Acid batteries Version 1.4, 23/11/2007 1/30
Version 1.4. - 23/11/2007
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
OBJECT ................................................... ............................................................ ........................................................ 4SCOPE................................................... ....................................................... ................................................................ 4APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS....................................................... ........................................................... ................. 4DEFINITION AND ABREVIATION ...................................................... ........................................................... ....... 4
PROCESS SPECIFICATIONS .................................................. ........................................................... ................. 5General ........................................................... ........................................................... ............................................... 6
Process qualification.................................................................. ........................................................... ................. 6Process modifications .............................................................. ............................................................. ................. 6Documentation.................................................................................... ............................................................ ....... 6SPC................................................... ............................................................ ......................................................... 7Identification...................................................... ................................................................ .................................... 8Traceability..................... ........................................................... ........................................................... ................. 8Calibration ............................................................. ............................................................ .................................... 8Acceptability criteria .......................................................... .................................................................. ................. 9Process parameter indicators ....................................................... ................................................................... ....... 9Quality target ......................................................... ........................................................... ................................... 105S....... ........................................................... ........................................................... ............................................ 10Human protection ...................................................... ................................................................. ......................... 11Environment protection ........................................................ ............................................................... ................ 11
Components and material qualification ............................................................... ................................................ 11Technical specifications for each process step......................................................... ............................................ 12
Plastic injection.............................................. ................................................................... ................................... 12Box design specifications for molding injection................................................................................... ............... 12Boxes and lids storage ...................................................... .......................................................... ......................... 13Grids casting ............................................................... ................................................................ ......................... 13Strip rolling...................................................................... .................................................................... ................ 13Expanding............................................................... .................................................................... ......................... 13Plates stacking ............................................................. ............................................................... ......................... 14Curing....................................................... ................................................................ ........................................... 14Plates storage .......................................................... .................................................................... ......................... 15Separator assembly................................................... .................................................................. ......................... 15Quality of welding ...................................................... ................................................................ ......................... 16
Intermediate storage......................................................................... ............................................................... ..... 17COS ........................................................... ........................................................... ............................................... 17Short circuit test.............................................................. ............................................................ ......................... 17Intercell welding ........................................................... .............................................................. ......................... 17Lid welding.................... ................................................................ ............................................................... ....... 18Terminals welding ...................................................... ................................................................ ......................... 18Air pressure test ......................................................... ................................................................. ......................... 18Batteries storage ........................................................... .............................................................. ......................... 18Acid preparation and checking ............................................................... ....................................................... ...... 18First acid filling ......................................................... ................................................................. ......................... 19Formation........................................................................................... ........................................................... ....... 19Hydrometer insertion....................................................... .................................................................... ................ 19Plugs insertion ......................................................... ................................................................... ......................... 19Second acid filling ...................................................................................... ........................................................ 19Washing and drying tunnel ................................................................... ........................................................ ...... 20Dielectric test in finishing line ..................................................................................................................... ....... 20OCV test .......................................................... ................................................................ ................................... 21HRD test .......................................................... ................................................................ ................................... 21Labelling.................................................................... ................................................................ .......................... 21Final control before palletization ..................................................................... .................................................... 21Final control after palletization............. ................................................................ ............................................... 21Final storage ....................................................... .............................................................. ................................... 21Summary of the parameters................................................................ ........................................................... ...... 22
MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................ ........................................................... ..... 23General ....................................................... ........................................................... .............................................. 24Plastic parts........................... ............................................................ .............................................................. ..... 24Lead ............................................................. .............................................................. .......................................... 25Acid .............................................................. ............................................................. .......................................... 25Additives.......................................................... ................................................................. ................................... 25Other materials ............................................................. .............................................................. ......................... 25
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Bushings ................................................................ ........................................................... ................................... 25Labels ........................................................ ................................................................ .......................................... 25
APPENDIXES.................................................... ........................................................... ............................................. 26
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OBJECT
This specification describes the Renault minimum requirements in terms of process methods and
parameters that shall be fulfilled for every battery supplier of a Renault project.
SCOPE
This process control specification applies to all processes for the production of 12V lead acid SLI
batteries.
In the specification, each requirement is quoted according to a degree of flexibility (F0, F1). For
instance:
F0: Not negotiable, the requirement shall be fully complied for SOP.
F1: if the requirement (target) can not be fully complied for SOP, it will be subject of a
commitment of the supplier to reach this target.
If there is no indication, F0 shall be used.
For the main parameters, a matrix resumes the status page 22.
The figure is put in front of each chapter where a parameter is listed in the matrix page 22.
APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
ISO TS 16949 quality management systems - particular requirements for the application of
ISO 9001:2000 for automotive production and relevant service part organizations
Acceptability criteria for 12V SLI Lead Acid Batteries (Renault document).
Production Part Approval Process PPAP Fourth Edition (AIAG)
Measurement System Analysis (AIAG)
DEFINITION AND ABREVIATION
Interpretation Shall
The emphatic form of the verb is used throughout his specification whenever a requirement is
intended to express a provision that is binding. Deviation from a shall requirement may be
considered if sufficient data is supplied to justify the exception.
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General
Process qualification
Reference: ISO TS 16949 7.5.2
Each process shall be qualified, it means:
The criteria for review and approval shall be defined
The equipment shall be approved and the personnel trained and qualified
All the specific instructions shall be available
Evidence of this qualification shall be available on supplier request (operator training, machine
and product capability, machine specification and PV for reception)
Process modifications
Any process change shall be validated by RENAULT according to ANPQP.
Any major change need a new qualification of the batteries (see table page 21)
Each equipment or line (line number) where the Renault batteries are manufactured shall be
declared to RENAULT. Any change shall be validated.
Documentation
Each manufacturing operation shall be described within an instruction.
Documents (could be some extracts of the working instruction) shall be put up on the station
(visual management). All documents shall be managed (creation, validation and modification).
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SPC
SPC has to be used on several process steps:
The minimum process steps monitored with SPC are indicated within the following matrix:
Process Parameter
Oxide milling Free lead
ThicknessStrip rolling
Strip width
WidthExpended grids
Height
Thickness
WidthPunched grids
Height
Plate thicknessCasted gridsPlate weight
Plate weightPasting
Plate thickness
Drying tunel Humidity
Free leadCuring
Humidity
Terminal welding Terminal height
Acid filling Acid level
Final OCV
HRD
The supplier shall use as acceptance criteria for evaluating the processes (See PPAP Fourth
edition from AIAG):
Cpk Interpretation
> 1,67 The process meets the acceptance criteria
1,33 Cpk 1,67The process may be acceptable. Contact the customer
representative for a review of the study results
< 1,33 The process does not meet the acceptance criteria.
Processes with one sided specifications or non normal distributions:
The supplier shall determine with the customer, alternative acceptance criteria for processes.
Tools used for measurement (see Measurement System Analysis from AIAG):
All tools used for product inspection and all process indicators or gauges (temperature displays)
shall be calibrated on a regular basis (yearly).
Gage R&R has to be demonstrated for all tool used for product inspection (i.e. Control Plan).
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Identification
Each battery part (raw material, grids, plates, terminals, plastics parts..) shall be identified in
the storage area and on the manufacturing line thanks to a visible part number (labels, dedicated
areas).
Traceability
The manufacturer shall maintain the full traceability for each battery, it means:
The manufacturer shall be able to recover the date code of all components and raw materials
used in a battery and the manufacturing date , shift and line number (plate assembly, battery
assembly, formation, finishing).
The manufacturer shall recover all the batteries sent to RENAULT made with an identified
part or raw material.
At the minimum the date code of the following products shall be recorded and the supplier shall
recover all the batteries built with a specific lot of material:
Lead for oxide
Lead for strip
Lead for grid (casting)
Lead for Strap (COS)
Acid
Separators
Lids, boxes, plugs
Lot of paste (F1)
Lot of plates after curing(F1)
Lot of lead strip (expending) (F1)
Lot of grids (casting) (F1)
Magic eyes
Calibration
All tools and indicators used during the process (temperature, current, voltage, air or gas pressureindicators), shall be controlled by metrology department at least every year. A visible label shall
indicate the last and next calibration dates.
Tools and equipments which are used during the process to pronounce a status on a battery
(accepted or rejected) must be calibrated by a specific laboratory connected to an accredited
company. The frequency shall be demonstrated.
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Acceptability criteria
The supplier shall write a document describing the acceptability criteria for each process step and
each battery element.
Each criterion shall be defined with:
The target
The limit of acceptation
The defect
Drawing and pictures shall be used. All details shall be mentioned (measurements, ).
Process parameter indicators
All the process parameters (temperature, pressure, duration) shall be set by using a unique set
value (indicated within the work instructions). A tolerances can be add but only used for the
parameter value checking.
Example:
Set value for melting pot:
Best practice Bad practice
Set value Tolerances Set value
440 C +/- 10C 430C to 450C
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Quality target
At least the following indicators shall be put in place on the manufacturing line with quality
targets reviewed every year at the minimum. Those indicators shall be available for Renault.
Operation Indicator
Plastic injection: ppm of defective parts or wasted plastic
Grid casting ppm of defective parts
Expending ppm of waste material
Plates pasting (on stacking station) ppm of rejected plates or weigh of lead
Enveloping ppm of rejected plates or weigh of lead
COS ppm of rejected cells (due to bad COS or bad
enveloping)
ppm of double plates
Short circuit test ppm of rejected batteries
Air leakage test ppm of rejected batteries
Terminal welding ppm of repaired terminals or % of defective
terminalsFormation ppm of batteries out of specif after formation
2ndacid levelling ppm of rejected batteries
OCV ppm of rejected batteries
HRD ppm of rejected batteries
High voltage ppm of rejected batteries
Final inspection ppm of rejected batteries
On all process steps, rejected parts shall be counted and registered.
5S
5S program shall be engaged by the supplier in the entire factory.
All the work stations shall be free of dust and foreign particles. Tools shall be identified on each
station.
All the components (boxes, lids, lead ingots.) shall be identified.
On each line the product in progress shall be identified (at the beginning of the line).
Visual management shall be used on all process steps (acceptability criteria, work
instructionshall be visible on station).
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Human protection
In order to protect employees against lead, acid and chemical, an adapted and strong policy for
human protection shall be implemented.
Standards*:
European:
European directive 82/605/CEE
US standards:
OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration)
200 Constitution Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20210
* Other regulations could be used (local standards).
The supplier shall retain documentation relative to human protection which explains the rules to
be used by the employees. The most important rules are:
To maintain good ventilation on the entire factory
To put in place a specific house keeping on the floors, machines and benches.
Employees shall wear gloves, glasses, mask
Food and beverage shall be forbidden in the production area
Blood monitoring
Environment protection
The supplier shall retain documentation relative to environment protection which explains the
rules to be used in the entire factory.
Material recycling shall be managed and planed.
Components and material qualification
Each supplier, bulk material (lead, acid, chemical) and components (bushing, boxes, lids)
must be chosen and qualified according to automotive standards (like Production Part Approval
Process PPAP).
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Technical specifications for each process step
Each process step is submitted to F1 F0. For the value, please report to the matrix page 21.
Plastic injection
Dielectric test for battery box
A dielectric test shall be performed on the injection points.The process parameters depend on the
origin of the PP sourcing (pure or recycled)see matrix page 21.
Pressure test
In order to detect the possibility of void, specific pressure test shall be applied on 100% of the
boxes (F1). This test shall not impact the box integrity (deformation).
Manual rework of plastic parts
Use of a knife on the welding surface: forbidden
Use of a knife on other areas: allowed but it implies that the dielectric test follows this operation
Box design specifications for molding injection
Injection points positions:
The injection points shall be located on the separation areas (F1).
The size of the injection nozzles shall be reduced (F1)
OKKO
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Boxes and lids storage
The storage conditions shall preserve the boxes and lids against mechanical constraints
(deformation) and dust.
Grids casting
The date of use shall be managed.
A specific label which indicates the minimum and maximum date of use shall be used.
The spray (mould lubricant) shall be qualified.
Strip rolling
The strips shall be stored on specific pallets free of metallic parts or nails which can damage the lead strip.
The date of use shall be managed. A specific label which indicates the minimum and maximum date of
use shall be used.
A maximum of 2 rolls can be superposed on a same pallet.
Expanding
Strip welding (end of roll)
This chapter describes the welding process between 2 rolls during lead strips loading.
Cold welding:
Prior to use the welded strip for expending, a qualification shall be performed to prove the
strength and quality of the welded area.
Hot welding:
The plates made with hot welding strip shall be removed prior to dry (the metal properties have
been changed). The part of the strip shall be identified prior to use (paint for example).
Welding performed with adhesive tape
The plates made the adhesive tapes shall be removed prior to dry. The part of the strip shall be
identified prior to use (paint for example). The identification shall guaranty that all grids made
with non homogeneous metal are removed.
Strip cleanliness:
During the replacement of the rolls, the strip shall not touch the ground to avoid any pollution
with foreign material.
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Line start up
During each star up of the line, the quality of the grid can be poor (broken wires). A specific
process shall be applied in order to identify, inspect and remove all defective part of the grid strip
before drying.
Stretch test on grids:
A mechanical strength shall be applied on the grid. The method shall be described and the
Renault acceptability criterias shall be respected (no broken wire).
For example:
Plates stacking
All defective plates shall be removed from the pallets before going to curing. A specific attention
shall be paid concerning the manual handling and the use of a robot (to avoid folded corners,
bended wires).
Curing
The target is computerized chambers with automatic temperature and humidity control (F1)
In case of manual management, the temperature and humidity shall be controlled (recorded) on
regular basis
After curing a specific test shall be performed on plates in order to verify the paste adherence on
grid.
Vibration test is recommended.
Test parameters and acceptability criterias shall be described for each method.
+ 15 %
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Plates storage
The stored plates in a pallet shall not be in contact with the upper pallet.
Storage conditions shall be defined within an instruction. They shall preserve the plates against
mechanical constraints (bending, folded corners).
If the pallets are iron made, a specific surface treatment shall be applied to avoid any iron oxide.
The traceability shall be maintained during storage. FIFO shall be put in place.
Separator assembly
Separator rolls storage shall avoid any mechanical constraint and pollution.
When the roll is loaded on the equipment, the PE strip mustnt touch the ground.
A specific optical or mechanical mechanism shall be used on the equipment in order to avoid
double plates.
The PE strips used for enveloping shall be free of defect (holes normally identified with spray
marks), or the enveloping equipment shall be able to detect the holes or spray mark and stop the
production in order to remove the strip impacted.
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Quality of welding
A specific test shall be performed on the welded separators. This test shall be defined within an
instruction.
We show a specific test as an example, any other method can be proposed.
The process shall be characterized (SPC analysis and Cpk calculation). The target and tolerances
shall be set and used for the test.
One method (for example)
The welding strength shall be defined
X kg
50
mm
Welding
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Intermediate storage
In order to avoid any manual handling operation an automatic conveyor shall be used between
the stacking machine and the COS machine (removal of the intermediate storage) (F1)
COS
Lugs fluxing shall be checked on a regular basis on real plates (regular fluxing on all lugs, height
of flux along the lugs).
The flux shall be referenced and qualified.
The COS quality shall be checked by performing a longitudinal cross section on a strap. Lug
penetration, quantity and size of bubbles shall be specified.
Short circuit test
The voltage applied shall be between 0,8 kV and 1,4 kV.
Each defective element shall be analysed in real time in order to react on the line. The defects
shall be recorded in real time and a target shall be defined.
The handling procedure used for defect detection shall be described within an instruction.
After short circuit detection, when no defect is found during the manual analysis, the complete
cell impacted shall be replaced.
Intercell welding
The equipment shall be calibrated. In case of technical impossibility, the calibration shall be
replaced by an experiment plan performed on a yearly basis (in order to determine the right
parameters value).
The parameters (current, pressure) shall be determined by performing an experiment plan.
A specific shear test shall be performed. This test can be destructive (performed on a regular
basis) or non destructive (performed on 100 % basis). In this case, it shall be demonstrated that
this test does not damage the intercell welding.
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Lid welding
The machine parameters (temperature, duration) shall be defined for each reference of lid and
box and that for each different material used (if it is the case). An experiment plan shall be
conducted in order to define the best set of parameters.
The design of the couple lid/box shall be done in order to avoid any shift which is more than of
the box wall thickness.
The lid shall be cut in order to check the welding on all the surfaces in contact. The observation
of small parts of the lid is not enough. The cells shall be inserted in order to be representative to
the real conditions. A complete battery shall be cut at least each shift.The acceptability criteria shall be defined.
Terminals welding
Terminal welding shall be performed with an automatic machine which authorizes time and
temperature control.
The height of the welded area shall be defined with a min and max value.
The max value is indicated in order to avoid any conicity problem or rough terminal surface.
The min value acts on the mechanical strength and current capacity.
The height of terminals shall be measured by automatic machine on 100% of the batteries.
Manual rework (welding) or second welding is forbidden.
Air pressure test
100% of the batteries shall be tested for leakage (air pressure test). The conditions are defined in
the matrix page 21.
Batteries storage
Batteries storage shall be described within a specification. The storage conditions shall preserve
the batteries (terminals) against mechanical constraints. A separator shall be used between two
levels of batteries. No more than 3 batteries layers shall be stacked.
Acid preparation and checking
A digital densimeter (hydrometer) shall be used for all acid inspection.
The temperature shall be specified and checked.
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First acid filling
The system shall avoid any overflow of acid.
Formation
The formation room shall be well ventilated. Specific plugs shall be used to avoid any acid
overflow.
Specific plugs shall be used in order to avoid any overflow of acid (F1)
The formation program shall be controlled by a computerised system.
A water cooling system shall be used (F1).
The temperature of the acid shall be monitored in real time.
A temperature sensor shall be used for each circuit of batteries (F1)
The historic of each formation run has to be kept for one year (current, voltage and temperature).
The maximum temperature of the acid during formation shall be 65C max.
Straps used to connect the batteries shall be verified on a regular basis. The shape of the
connections shall preserve the terminals against mechanical damages, sparks, and black marks (if
presence of acid).
Storage shall avoid any foreign material into the batteries (iron oxide, .).
Hydrometer insertion
The hydrometer shall be set with an automatic machine (manual hammer is forbidden), or by
using a calibrated electrical screw driver (F1).
Plugs insertion
If screwed plugs are used, calibrated electrical screw driver shall be used.
Second acid filling
This station requires a 100% automatic level control device independentfrom the filling and
levelling device with level measurement tolerances of +/- 2mm. Renault asks for a capability
study of the device.
If the washing is performed with temporary plugs, the height of acid inspection shall be
performed after washing (F1).
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Washing and drying tunnel
The station is automatic and requires a continuous ph monitoring for the rinsing tank.
The temperature of the water shall be checked.
No trace of liquid is permitted on finished batteries (F0).
Dielectric test in finishing line
The test is performed 100% for the bottom and for the lid to box weld. The conditions are defined
in the matrix page 21.
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OCV test
This control is automatic and with a 100% frequency OCV compared with minimum and
maximum voltage thresholds. The thresholds are set in order to ensure the batteries to respect the
Renault delivery conditions.
100 % of all the OCV values shall be recorded.
HRD test
The control is automatic and with a 100% frequency.
The test shall be performed at constant current (F1).
The minimum discharge current is defined as follows:
Discharge Current: 0,6 Icc I HRD Icc
The min voltage shall be defined
The maximum discharge capacity during HRD test mustnt represent more than 1% of the
nominal capacity.
100 % of all the values shall be recorded
Labelling
The reference and label location on the batteries shall be defined within a drawing or
specification. The label position shall be defined with tolerances.
Final control before palletization
The inspection of the plugs, labels and magic eye is performed by a video camera.
All batteries shall be inspected on 100% basis (visual).
Final control after palletization
A final inspection shall be performed on each pallet (visual and electrical). A specific check list
shall be used according to the control plan.
Final storage
The batteries shall be stored inside in order to protect them against dust, sun, rain and extreme
temperature.
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Summary of the parameters
Process steps Parameters F0 F1 Supplier
statusFr pure PP:
10kV 5%X
30kV 100% X
Dielectric test for injection point
For recycled PP:
30kV 100%X
Pressure test 100 % of the boxes are checked X
Box design versus injectionpoints
The injection points shall be located on the separationareas
X
Curing Automatic chambers (computerized system) X
Double plate detection XSeparator assembly
An automatic conveyor is used for transportation to theCOS station.
X
Short circuit test Voltage shall be between 0,8 kV to 1,4 kV X
100% leakage control with the following parameters:
Test Pressure 250 mbar X
Test Pressure 300mbar X
Acceptable pressure drop 10mbar X
Air pressure test for green
batteries
Acceptable pressure drop 5mbar X
Specific plugs shall be used to avoid acid overflow X
Water cooling X
Computerized system X
Formation
Temperature monitoring on each circuit X
Hydrometer Manual hammer is forbidden X
Second acid filling : level measurement tolerances = +/- 2mm. X
Acid level checking Independent machine X
Washing and drying Ph monitoring of the last bath X
The test is performed 100% for the bottom and for the
lid to box weld- With the following features :
Duration 2s Voltage 6kV X
Dielectric test in finishing line :
Duration 2s Voltage 12kV X
This control is automatic and with a 100% frequency XOCV test
The values are recorded in order to perform SPC X
The control is automatic and with a 100% frequency
- The minimum discharge current is defined as follows:Discharge Current: 0,6 Icc IHRD Icc
X
HRD test :
The values are recorded in order to perform SPC X
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MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
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General
Material modification
All material shall be declared by the supplier. Any modification of material reference or material
supplier, qualification tests shall be performed again following the matrix page 21.
If the material modification impacts the process (ie for lid and boxes), the process qualification
shall be demonstrated.
Plastic parts
Boxes, lids, plugs, double lids:
Poly propylene polyethylene (P/E):
Flammability:
All material shall be 94V0 or equivalent standard.
Mechanical and chemical properties:
Incoming inspection shall be performed on P/E on regular basis. The sampling rate and frequency
shall be justified by the supplier. For a minimum, the following material specifications shall be
given and checked during incoming inspection by the supplier.
Melt flow index
Hardness
Elongation strength
Recycled materials
The percentage of recycled material shall be mentioned by the supplier (IMDS file)
Mechanical and chemical properties shall be given for recycled material.
All finished materials build with recycled P/E shall be fully compliant with the RNDS 36 11 000
(last revision).
Additional tests to be performed:
Dielectric test at 100% of the product
See process specifications for parameters.
Storage conditions
The storage conditions shall preserve the plastic parts against water, dust and mechanical
constraints (indoor only).
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Lead
Lead composition and impurities shall be declared by the supplier. The materials mentioned
within the matrix (appendix 27) shall be checked during incoming inspection by an adapted
method.
The sampling methodology shall be defined (number of samples, number of ingots). Each
sample shall be identified (lot number, date).
Acid
Acid composition and impurities shall be declared by the supplier. The materials mentioned
within the following matrix shall be checked during incoming inspection by an adapted method.
Additives
For all additives, general specifications shall be provided by the supplier. The materials
mentioned within the following matrix shall be checked during incoming inspection by an
adapted method.
Other materials
The specifications of all materials used in the batteries construction shall be defined:
Spray for casting (grid, COS)
Separator
Pasting paper
Demineralised water
Flux for COS
Bushings
Bushings shall be made with cold forged process.
The brand and reference shall be provided by the supplier. Any modification of the bushing
supplier, reference, needs to be declared to Renault and new batteries qualification to be
provided.
Labels
Labels shall be resistant to solvent test, acid and UV (see RNDS standard).
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APPENDIXES
Material composition matrixes
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Lead composition:
Lead for
oxide
Lead for
COS
Lead for
Expending
(positive)
Lead for
Expending
(negative)
Recycled
Calcium
AluminumAntimony
Arsenic
Tin
Silver
Iron
Copper
Nickel
Cobalt
Zinc
Bismuth
Cadmium
Manganese
Silica
Platinum
Vanadium
Titanium
Tellurium
Calcium
Actinium
Selenium
Mercury
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General specifications for 12V SLI Lead Acid batteries Version 1.4, 23/11/2007 28/30
Acid composition:
Material and impurities Acid 1 Acid 2
Iron
Sulfurous acid
Antimony and Arsenic
Manganese
NitratesAmmonium
Chloride
Platinum
Organic matter
Fixed residues
Zinc
Selenium
Nickel
Copper
Cobalt
Al
Vanadium
Cadmium
Chromium
Mercury
Other metals (total)
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General specifications for 12V SLI Lead Acid batteries Version 1.4, 23/11/2007 29/30
Additives composition:
Material, impurities,
properties
Fibers Carbon
black
Vanisperse BaSo4 Sodium
sulphate
Others
Iron
Antimony and Arsenic
ManganeseNitrates
Ammonium
Chloride
Platinum
Organic matter
Fixed residues
Zinc
Selenium
Nickel
Copper
Cobalt
Al
Vanadium
Cadmium
Chromium
Separators:
Parameters Specifications
Width
Thickness
Electrical resistance
Elongation
Puncture resistance
Volume porosity
Acid weight loss
Shrinkage
Oil content
Iron
Manganese
Copper
Chloride
Defect per rolls (spray marks)
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Pasting paper
Parameters Specifications
Weight / m
Thickness
Tensile strength
Air permeability
Demineralised water:
Parameters Specifications
pH
Electric conductivity
Impurities (chloride and heavymetals)
Flux for COS
Parameters Specifications
Flux reference
Thinner reference
Other material
Parameters Specifications