REHVA Seminar at AQUATHERM 2014 Technologies for nZEB · 2014. 6. 23. · Ti rHi Te Apartment - bedroom day night day night day night . SCHOOL . Windows closed 0 500 1000 1500 2000

Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations Prof.Karel Kabele, REHVA president

REHVA Seminar at

AQUATHERM 2014

Technologies for nZEB

March 5 2014 – 12h00-14h00

Prague, Czech Republic


Seminar Programme 12.00-12.20 IEQ and high energy performance buildings

Karel Kabele, CTU in Prague, REHVA President

12.20-12.40 nZEB definitions in Europe

Jarek Kurnitski, Tallinn University of Technology, REHVA Vice-

President

12.40-13.00 HVAC impact on building valuation

Frank Hovorka, Caisse des Dépôts, REHVA Vice-President

13.00-13.20 Energy saving of HVAC systems with continuous monitoring

Zoltan Magyar, Budapest University of Technology, REHVA Vice-

President

13.20-13.40 EN15603 and other 2nd generation of EPB standards: a firm

basis for the NZEB definition

Jaap Hogeling, ISSO, Chair CENTC 371 Program Committee on

EPBD

13.40-14.00 Q&A

Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations Prof.Karel Kabele, REHVA president Prof.Karel Kabele, REHVA president

REHVA professional organisation

representing more than

100 000

building services engineers

from 26 European countries

Established in 1963


• More than 100 000 individual members of NA

• Co - operation with more than 1500 industrial companies

• Over 20 journals with more than 110 issues per year

• Close to 100 congresses per year- focus on HVAC and energy

• Hundreds of training events

• Support to more than 10 regular international exhibitions

• But… 26 national languages!


REHVA Supporters


Daily activities of REHVA

REHVA

Committees


Technology and Research Committee

International working-groups, focusing on areas where development and/or

dissemination of knowledge is needed

• Indoor climate and energy of school

buildings

• Building simulation

• Air conditioning inspections

• HVAC in large commercial buildings

• Low energy cooling and thermal comfort

• Advanced air distribution systems

• HVAC for building owners

Task Forces


REHVA Task Forces - Guidebooks 2014 - 20 Guidebooks

Available on www.rehva.eu or through National associations 8 REHVA

seminar at

AQUATHER

M 2014

prof.Karel Kabele


• Focus on European HVAC technology, policy and regulations

• Six issues a year

• Technical articles

• Website www.rehva.eu

• International editorial board

• Prof. Olli Seppänen, Editor-in-Chief

Publishing and marketing committee


Education committee

REHVA Seminars, workshops, courses


Education committee

REHVA Student Design Competition for

graduate student and master students.


BASIC FACTS

955 participants

60 countries

5 continents

6882 pages proceedings

Year City Papers

1975 Milano

1980 Budapest

1985 Copenhagen 400+

1989 Sarajevo 400

1993 London 229

1997 Brussels 151

2001 Naples 300

2005 Lausanne 300

2007 Helsinki 480

2010 Antalya 517

2013 Praha 702

2016 Aalborg ???

CLIMA HISTORY


1. Energy Efficient Heating, Cooling and

Ventilation of Buildings 23,6%

2. Renewable and High-Efficient Energy Sources

5,9%

3. Advanced Heating, Cooling, Ventilation

and Air- Conditioning Systems for Buildings

11,1%

4. Energy Efficient Domestic Hot Water

Supply Systems 1,0%

5. Sanitary Systems - Hygiene of Domestic

Water Supply Systems, Efficient Use of Potable Water, Environmental

Friendly Sewage Disposal

0,9%

6. Advanced Technologies for

Building Acoustics 0,2%

7. Artificial and Day Lighting

1,9%

8. Technologies for Intelligent Buildings

5,4%

9. Quality of Indoor Environment

22,1%

10. Building Certification Schemes

2,8%

11. Integrated Building Design 4,3%

12. Commissioning and Facility Management

3,0%

13. HVAC Best Practise Examples

1,6%

14. Directive on Energy Performance of Buildings

Implementation 4,6%

15. Zero Energy Buildings

6,9%

16. HVAC in Historical Buildings

3,5% 17. Fire Safety of the

Buildings 1,1%

Papers topics

Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations

INDOOR ENVIRONMENT IN HIGH ENERGY PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS

REHVA seminar at

AQUATHERM 2014 prof.Karel Kabele 14

Prof. Ing. Karel Kabele, CSc. CTU in Prague

Indoor Environment of Buildings

Up to 90 % of our life we spend indoors… ( SZÚ 2012)

4% 7%

68%

16%

5%

Streets with traffic

Out off the streets

Living space

Other interior spaces

Means of transport

Source: Braniš, M., Kolomazníková, J. (2010)

Year-long continuous personal exposure to PM2.5

recorded by a fast responding portable

nephelometer. Atmospheric Environment 44(24):

2865-2872


• Ind. Environment influences:

– Health

– Productivity

– Comfort

J. Adam Huggins for The New York Times 26.7.2007


=

Internal Microclimate

=

Indoor Environment (IE)

Indoor environment of buildings

Heat - moisture

Air

Lighting

Acoustics

Psychic

Elmg field

Indoor Environment of Buildings Components of IE

– Heat - moisture

– Air quality • gases

• aerosols

• microorganisms

– Acoustics

– Lighting

– Electro -static, -ion, -magnetic, ionizing and radiation field

– Psychological comfort (colors, surfaces, architecture ...)

REHVA seminar at AQUATHERM 2014 prof.Karel Kabele 19

Source : Jokl 1986

Rehva GB 6

Ventilation rates and sick leave

Rehva GB 6

Temperature and performance

ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF THE BUILDINGS

REHVA seminar at


Energy performance of building

Energy performance

Heat

Cool

Air Light

Hot water

… means the calculated or measured amount of energy needed to meet the energy demand associated with a typical use of the building, which includes, inter alia, energy used for: – Heating – Cooling – Ventilation – Hot water – Lighting….


Source: DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU

IEQ PROBLEMS IN ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS

REHVA seminar at


Building Envelope Facade

– Thermal insulation - limit?

– Advanced materials • Vacuum insulation

• PCM materials

– active facades • Double facades

• Smart "shading„

• Integrated PV, PT systems

Reduction of heating and cooling need

zdroj: autor

zdroj: http://stardust.jpl.nasa.gov/photo/aerogel.html

Zdroj:autor

zdroj: autor

Building envelope

Windows

• Glazing

• Thermal bridges

Active glazing

– electrochromic?

Heat losses and heat load

minimizing

Ensuring daylight

zdroj: autor

zdroj: autor

Heating of buildings

Heating • Renewable sources

• Heat storage

• Efficient sources

• Efficient heat distribution (pumps)

• Heat emission

• Measurement and control


Efficient power and power control

Renewables

zdroj: autor

zdroj: autor

zdroj: autor

Building and Indoor Environment…


Energy performanc

e

Heating

Cooling, moistenin

g

Ventilation

Artificial Lighting

Domestic hot water


Heat - moisture

Air

Lighting

Acoustics

Elmg field

Psych

Cooling

• Reducing heat load

• Efficient chillers

• Accumulation of cold

• Efficient cold distribution

• „High-temperature“ cooling

• Control and strategy(night ventilation)


Passive systems

Efficient power and power control

Renewable cold sources

zdroj: autor

zdroj: autor


Energy performanc

e

Heating

Cooling, moistenin

g

Ventilation

Artificial Lighting

Domestic hot water


Heat - moisture

Air

Lighting

Acoustics

Elmg field

Psych


Ventilation

• Ventilation air amount optimization

• CO2, VOC, IAQ sensors

• Low-pressure distribution network

• Natural ventilation

• Control strategy


Natural ventilation systems

Controlled mechanical ventilation

source: http://passivesolar.weebly.com

zdroj: autor

zdroj: autor

zdroj: autor

Example: a consequence of "energy conscious" user behavior

Source : Kabele 2006

Case study: Refurbished apartment

• Modern, tight windows

• Natural ventilation strategy?

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

0

10

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10

:22

11

:49

13

:16

14

:43

16

:10

17

:37

19

:04

20

:31

21

:58

23

:25

0:5

22

:19

3:4

65

:13

6:4

08

:07

9:3

41

1:0

11

2:2

81

3:5

51

5:2

21

6:4

91

8:1

61

9:4

32

1:1

02

2:3

70

:04

1:3

12

:58

4:2

55

:52

7:1

98

:46

10

:13

11

:40

13

:07

14

:34

16

:01

17

:28

18

:55

20

:22

21

:49

23

:16

0:4

32

:10

3:3

75

:04

6:3

1

ČAS

Ko

nce

ntr

ace

[p

pm

]

1000 ppm CO2

CO2

rHe

Ti

rHi

Te

Apartment - bedroom

night night day night day day

SCHOOL

Windows closed

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

7:0

0

7:1

6

7:3

2

7:4

8

8:0

4

8:2

0

8:3

6

8:5

2

9:0

8

9:2

4

9:4

0

9:5

6

10

:12

10

:28

10

:44

11

:00

11

:16

11

:32

11

:48

12

:04

12

:20

12

:36

12

:52

13

:08

13

:24

13

:40

13

:56

14

:12

14

:28

14

:44

15

:00

15

:16

15

:32

15

:48

16

:04

16

:20

16

:36

16

:52

17

:08

17

:24

17

:40

17

:56

CO

2 [p

pm

]

Ta [

°C]

, Rh

[%

], p

oče

t žá

ků, p

olo

ha

okn

a

čas

POČET ŽÁKŮ POLOHA OKEN TEPLOTA VZDUCHU RELATIVNÍ VLHKOST VENKOVNÍ TEPLOTA KONCENTRACE CO2

1

2 1000 ppm

1500 ppm

Windows opened before lesson

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

6:0

0

6:0

9

6:1

8

6:2

7

6:3

6

6:4

5

6:5

4

7:0

3

7:1

2

7:2

1

7:3

0

7:3

9

7:4

8

7:5

7

8:0

6

8:1

5

8:2

4

8:3

3

8:4

2

8:5

1

9:0

0

9:0

9

9:1

8

9:2

7

9:3

6

9:4

5

9:5

4

10

:03

10

:12

10

:21

10

:30

10

:39

10

:48

10

:57

11

:06

11

:15

11

:24

11

:33

11

:42

11

:51

12

:00

12

:09

12

:18

12

:27

CO

2 [

pp

m]

Ta [

°C]

, Rh

[%

], p

oče

t žá

ků, p

olo

ha

okn

a

čas

POČET ŽÁKŮ POLOHA OKEN TEPLOTA VZDUCHU RELATIVNÍ VLHKOST VENKOVNÍ TEPLOTA KONCENTRACE CO2

3

4

1000 ppm


Energy performanc

e

Heating

Cooling, moistenin

g

Ventilation

Artificial Lighting

Domestic hot water


Heat - moisture

Air

Lighting

Acoustics

Elmg field

Psych


Light

Daylight and mixed lighting

Light ducts

Effective sources - LED?

Control

Daylighting

Artificial – new sources

zdroj: autor

zdroj: autor

zdroj: autor


Energy performanc

e

Heating

Cooling, moistenin

g

Ventilation

Artificial Lighting

Domestic hot water


Heat - moisture

Air

Lighting

Acoustics

Elmg field

Psych


Domestic Hot Water

• DHW consumption!!

• Efficient DHW generation

• Temperature

• Distribution network – Circulation

– Control

• Legionella!!!!


0

20

40

60

Hot water demand litres/shower

Water temperature –

hygiene

Human factor

0,00

1,00

2,00

3,00

4,00

5,00

6,00

7,00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Co

ld w

ate

r (

w/o

DH

W)

l/p

ers

/hr

hod

Cold water use in residential building

Monday

TuesdayWednesdayThursdayFriday

SaturdaySunday

zdroj: autor

zdroj: autor

source:

http://www.waterhygieneireland.ie

REHVA seminar at AQUATHERM 2014 prof.Karel Kabele 49 Source : Kabele, Dvořáková 2012

Energy performanc

e

Heating

Cooling, moistenin

g

Ventilation

Artificial Lighting

Domestic hot water


Heat - moisture

Air

Lighting

Acoustics

Elmg field

Psych



Source : Kabele, Dvořáková 2012

Energy performanc

e

Heating

Cooling, moistenin

g

Ventilation

Artificial Lighting

Domestic hot water


Heat - moisture

Air

Lighting

Acoustics

Elmg field

Psych


THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Karel Kabele

[email protected]

REHVA seminar at


Documents

REHVA Seminar at AQUATHERM 2014 Technologies for nZEB · 2014. 6. 23. · Ti rHi Te Apartment - bedroom day night day night day night . SCHOOL . Windows closed 0 500 1000 1500 2000