Regulations and Curriculum for Master of Dental Surgery

(MDS) Degree Course

Amended up to April 2018

(Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956)

(Placed under Category ‘A’ by MHRD, Govt. of India, Accredited with ‘A’ Grade by NAAC)

University Enclave, Deralakatte, Mangaluru – 575 018

Tel: +91-824-2204300/01/02/03 | Fax: 91-824-2204305

Website: www.nitte.edu.in E-mail: info@nitte.edu.in

VISION

To build a humane society through excellence in education and healthcare

MISSION

To develop Nitte (Deemed to be University)

As a centre of excellence imparting quality education, generating competent, skilled manpower to face the scientific and social

challenges with a high degree of credibility, integrity, ethical standards & social concern

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CONTENTS

Page No. Notification iii -ix

Regulations 1 -13 Preamble Introduction Definitions Duration of the Program Eligibility for Admissions Selection of Eligible candidates Commencement of Academic Session Withdrawal -Temporary and Permanent Conduct and discipline Graduation Requirements Convocation Specialities of Study

Program Schedule, Teaching-Learning Activities, Applied Basic Medical Sciences

Attendance and Monitoring Progress of Studies Dissertation

Guide, Ethical Clearance, Submission of Synopsis, Preparation of Dissertation, Submission of Dissertation

Examinations University Examination, Scheme of Examination, Written Examination (Theory), Practical / Clinical Examination, Viva Voce and Pedagogy. Examiners, Qualifications & Experience of Examiners

Criteria for Pass Declaration of Class Supplementary Examination Award of MeritCertificates

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Curriculum

i. Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics 14 - 30

ii. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 31 - 46

iii. Oral Medicine and Radiology 47 - 62

iv. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology

63 - 73

v. Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 74 - 91

vi. Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry 92 - 101

vii. Periodontology 102 - 119

viii. Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge 120- 156 Annexures 157 - 165

No. F.9-13/2007-U.3 (A) Government of India

Ministry of Human Resource Development (Department of Higher Education)

U.3(A) Section

ShastriBhawan, New Delhi,Dated the 4thJune,

2008

NOTIFICATION

1. Whereas the Central Government is empowered under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission (UGC) Act, 1956 to declare, on the advice of the UGC, an institution of higher learning as adeemed-to-be-university;

2. And whereas, a proposal was received in February, 2007 from Nitte Education Trust, Mangalore, Karnataka seeking grant of status of deemed-to-be university in the name of Nitte University under Section 3 of the UGC Act,1956;

3. And whereas, the University Grants Commission has examined the said proposal and vide its communication bearing No. F.26-10/2007(CPP-I/ DU) dated the 10th March, 2008 has recommended conferment of status of ‘deemed-to-be- university’ in the name and style of Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, comprising A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences,Mangalore;

4. Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956, the Central Government, on the advice of the University Grants Commission (UGC),herebydeclarethatNitteUniversity,Mangalore,Karnataka,comprising A.B.ShettyMemorialInstituteofDentalSciences,Deralakatte,Mangalore,shallbe a deemed to be University for the Purposes of the aforesaidAct.

Sd/

(SunilKumar) JointSecretarytotheGovernmentofIndia

(True Extract of the Notification)

iii

v

UNIVERSITYGRANTSCOMMISSION BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEWDELHI-110002

No.F.26-10/2007(CPP-I) July,2008

OFFICE MEMORANDUM

1. Whereas the Central Government is empowered under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission (UGC) Act, 1956 to declare, on the advice of the UGC, an Institution of higher learning as adeemed-to-be-university.

2. And whereas, an application was received from Nitte Education Trust, Mangalore, Karnataka seeking grant of status of deemed-to-be-university in the name of Nitte University under section 3 of the UGC Act,1956.

3. And whereas, the University Grants Commission have examined the said proposal andvidetheircommunicationNo.F.26-10/2007(CPP-1)datedthe10thMarch,2008 have recommended conferment of status of ‘deemed-to-be university’ in the name and style of Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka comprising A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences,Mangalore.

4. Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956 the Central Government, on the advice of the University Grants Commission (UGC),videnotificationNo.F.9-13/2007-U.3(A)dated4thJune,2008declaredthat Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka comprising A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore shall be a Deemed to be University for the purposes of the aforesaidAct.

Sd/ (K.P. Singh) Joint

SecretaryUniversity Grants Commission

(True Extract of the Notification)

vii

Prof. Dr. Alka Kulkarni Registrar

(Established under Section 3 of UGC Act 1956) Placed under Category ‘A’ by MHRD, GoI Accredited with ‘A’ Grade by NAAC

Ref: NU/REG/AC- Sub Committee/2017-18/ 753-A Date: 26-04-2018

NOTIFICATION

Sub: Implementation of MDS Regulation 2017.

In exercise of the powers conferred under Rule No.R.9 of the MoA, the Academic Council, the 22ndmeeting of the Sub Committee of the Academic Council held on 20thApril 2018 under the agenda item no. 4-22(4) /18 has resolved to implement the MDS Regulation 2017 for students admitted under Nitte (Deemed to be University) from academic year 2018-19.

By order,

REGISTRAR

University Enclave, Medical Sciences Complex, T 0824-2204300/01/02/03 E reg@nitte.edu.in Deralakatte, Mangalore – 575 018 D 0824-2204309 W www.nitte.edu.in F 0824-2204305

ix

UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION BAHADURSHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEWDELHI-110002

No.F.26-5/2008(CPP-I) 24thMarch2009

OFFICE MEMORANDUM

1. Whereas the Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Higher Education vide Notification No.F.9-13/2007-U.3(A) dated 4thJune, 2008 declared NitteUniversity, Mangalore, Karnataka comprising A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore as Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGCAct,1956.

2. And whereas the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Higher EducationvideitsletterNo.F.10-15/2008-U.3(A)dated28th/29thJuly,2008forwarded the proposal of NitteUniversity, Deralakatte, Mangalore for bringing (i) K.S. HegdeMedicalAcademy, Deralakatte, Mangalore (ii)NitteMahalingaAdyanthaya Memorial Institute of Technology, Karkala, Udupi(iii) NitteUsha Institute of Nursing Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore, (iv)NitteGulabi Shetty Memorial Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore,(v) Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, Deralakatte, Mangalore and (vi) NitteMeenakshi Institute of Technology, Gollahalli, Yelahanka, Bangalore under itsambit

3. And whereas Nitte University decided to withdraw the proposal of NitteMeenakshi Institute of Technology, Gollahalli, Yelahanka, Bangalore listed at SI.No.6 above and requested to consider the remaining fiveinstitutions.

4. And whereas now, the University Grants Commission, on the recommendation of an Expert Committee constituted by the Chairman, UGC has agreed for bringing (i) K.S.HegdeMedicalAcademy,Deralakatte,Mangalore(ii)NitteUshaInstituteofNursing Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore (iii)NitteGulabi Shetty Memorial Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore (iv) Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, Deralakatte, Mangalore under the ambit of NitteUniversity, Deralakatte,Mangalore.

5. And whereas, regarding NitteMahalingaAdyanthayaMemorial Institute of Technology, Karkala, Udupi the Commission agreed to recommend to MHRD for bringing it under the ambit of Nitte University as an Off CampusCentre.

(True Extract of the Notification)

Sd/ (K.P.Singh)

Joint Secretary

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(Deemed to be University under section 3 of UGC Act 1956)

Placed under Category ‘A’ by MHRD, Govt. of India Accredited as ‘A’ Grade University by NAAC

Mangaluru, Karnataka, India

Regulations and Curriculum for Master of Dental Surgery (MDS) Degree Course

Amended up to April 2018

Preamble: A.BShettyMemorialInstituteofDentalSciencesimpartingeducationandtrainingin DentalSciencessince1985startedPostGraduateDegreePrograminDentalSciences (MDS)in1989inordertocarryoutqualityresearchandpreparespecialistsinDental sciences. Consequent to becoming a constituent college of Nitte (Deemed to be University),thenewregulationsforthePostGraduateProgramisformulatedasunder:

1. Introduction:

These regulations shall be called Nitte (Deemed to be University) Regulations for Post Graduate program in Dental Sciences (MDS) and governthepoliciesand proceduresincludingselection,admission,imparting of instructions, conduct of examinations, evaluation and certification of candidate’s performance and all amendments thereto leading to the award of MDS degree. The regulations shall come into effect from the academic year2018-2019.

Thissetofregulationsshallbebindingonallthecandidatesundergoingthe said degreeprograms.

These regulations may be modified from time to time as mandated by the statutesoftheUniversityandtheDentalCouncilofIndia.Theseprovisions shallbeapplicabletoanynewspecialtiesthatmaybeintroducedfromtime totime.

This set of regulations may evolve and get refined or updated or amended or modified or changed through appropriate approvals from the Academic CouncilandtheBoardofManagementfromtimetotimeandshallbebinding onallpartiesconcernedincludingtheCandidates,Faculty,Staff,Departments and InstitutionAuthorities.

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All disputes arising from this set of regulations shall be addressed to the Board of Management. The decision of the Board of Management is final andbindingonallpartiesconcerned.Further,anylegaldisputesarisingout ofthissetofregulationsshallbelimitedtojurisdictionofCourtsofMangalore only.

2. Definitions:

Unless the context otherwise requires: • BoM means Board of Management of Nitte (Deemed to beUniversity) • BoS means Board of Studies in Dental Sciences (UG andPG) • Constituent College means any institution under the ambit of the

Nitte(Deemed to beUniversity) • DCI means Dental Council ofIndia • He includes both genders: He and She; similarly his and / or him, himself

includes her, as well in allcases. • Head of the Institution means the Dean / Principal of theCollege. • Institution/CollegemeansA.B.ShettyMemorialInstituteofDentalSciences • Regulations means this set of academicregulations • Regulatory Authority – Authority appointed / constituted by the Central /

State Government/s to regulate health scienceeducation. • TeachingHospitalmeanstheHospitalattachedtotheDentalCollegeorany other

Hospital owned by or under the management of the University. UniversitymeansNitte(Deemed to beUniversity)

• NEET means National Eligibility-cum-Entrence Test conducted by the National Board Examination

3. Duration of theProgram:

The duration of MDS Program shall be three academicyears.

4. Eligibility for Admissions: A candidate who has passed BDS Examination from a Dental College recognized by the Dental Council of India and has completed one year compulsory rotatory internship in a teaching institution recognized by the Dental Council of India,and has obtained permanent registration of any State Dental Council shall be eligible for admission to the MDSProgram. Note :

1. The candidate possessing PG Diploma (2 year duration) recognized by DCI is eligible for admission to MDS course in the same specialty. The duration of the courseforsuchcandidateswillbetwoyears.Thesyllabusforthetwoyearprogramwill bedifferent.

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2. Foreignnationalsandcandidatesqualifiedfromaforeignuniversityshouldobtainthe temporary registration and permission from the DCI prior to the admission to the MDSProgram

Thecandidateseekingadmissionwillhavetosecureaneligibilitycertificatefrom Nitte(DeemedtobeUniversity)bymakinganapplicationalongwiththefollowing documents and the prescribedfee:

a. BDS pass / degreecertificate. b. Copiesofmarkcardsoftheuniversityexaminationsofallthefouryearsof

BDSCourse. c. Attempt certificate issued by the Principal of thecollege. d. Internship completioncertificate. e. Certificate regarding the recognition of the last studied Dental College by

the DCI, issued by the Principal of thecollege. f. In case internship was done in a Non-teaching hospital, a certificate from

the DCI that the hospital has been recognized forinternship. g. Registration Certificate by any State DentalCouncil. h. Proof of SC/ST as the case maybe.

5. Selection of eligiblecandidates:

Selection to the Post Graduate Degree Program in Dental Sciences (MDS) shall be based on the basis of merit obtained in National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test conducted by the National Board of Examination “NEET”. The minimum percentile of marks in NEET is 50th Percentile for General Category candidates and 40th Percentile for SC/ST candidates and 45th Percentile for persons with locomotorydisabilityoflowerlimbs.Admissiontopost-graduatecoursesshallbe on basis of merit list of the NEET through common counseling conducted by designatedauthorities.

6. Commencement of academic session and cut-off date foradmission:

The academic session shall be commenced from 1st working day of May and the cutoffdateforadmission,evenforstrayvacancies,intheMasterofDentalSurgery course shall be 31st of May, everyyear.

7. Withdrawal -Temporary andPermanent:

Temporary: A candidate who has been admitted to the program may be permitted to

withdraw temporarily for a period of six months or more up to one yearonthegroundsofprolongedillness,gravecalamityinthefamily etc, provided:

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a. He applies stating the reason for withdrawal with supporting documents and endorsement byparent/guardian.

b. The college is satisfied that without counting the period of withdrawalcandidateislikelytocompletehisrequirementofthe degree within maximum timespecified.

c. There are no outstanding dues or demands with the Department, Library, Hostel, Collegeetc.

The tuition fee for the subsequent year may be collected in advance based on the severity of the case before giving approval for any such temporarywithdrawal.

Scholarshipholdersareboundbytheappropriaterulesapplicable. The decision of the College/University regarding withdrawal of a candidate

isfinalandbinding. Permanentwithdrawal:

A candidate who withdraws his admission before the closing date of admission for the academic session is eligible for the refund of the depositonly.Thefeesoncepaidwillnotberefundedonanyaccount.

Once the admission for the year is closed and a candidate wants to leave the institution, he will be permitted to do so and take the Transfer CertificatefromtheCollegeonlyafterremittingallthetuitionfeeforthe remainingyears.

Those candidates who have received any scholarship / stipend / other formsofassistancefromtheinstitutionshallrepayallsuchamountsin additiontothosementionedintheclauseabove.

The decision of the Institution / University regarding withdrawal of a candidateisfinalandbinding.

8. Conduct anddiscipline:

Candidatesshallconductthemselveswithinandoutsidethepremisesofthe Institute in a manner befitting the student of a professional educational Institution.

AspertheorderofHonorableSupremeCourtofIndia,ragginginanyform isconsideredasacriminaloffenceandisbanned.Anyformofraggingwill be severely dealtwith.

The following act of omission and/or commission shall constitute gross violationofthecodeofconductandareliabletoinvokedisciplinarymeasures:

RaggingasdefinedanddescribedbytheSupremeCourt/Government. Lack of courtesy and decorum, indecent behavior anywhere withinor outside

thecampus.

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Willfuldamageorstealthyremovalofanyproperty/belongingsofthe Institution/Hosteloroffellowcandidates/citizens.

Possession, consumption or distribution of alcoholic drinks or any kind of hallucinogenicdrugs.

Mutilationorunauthorizedpossessionoflibrarybooks. Noisyorunseemlybehavior,disturbingstudiesoffellowcandidates.

Hacking in Computer systems (such as entering into other person’s domain without prior permission, manipulation and / or damage to the computerhardwareandsoftwareoranyothercybercrimesetc.)

Plagiarism of anynature. Any other act of gross indiscipline as decided by the Board of Management

from time totime. Commensurate with the gravity of offence, the punishment may be:

reprimand,fine,expulsionfromthehostel,debarmentfromanexamination, disallowing the use of certain facilities of the Institution, rustication for a specificperiodorevenoutrightexpulsionfromtheInstitution,orevenhanding overthecasetoappropriatelawenforcementauthoritiesorthejudiciary,as required by thecircumstances.

Foranyoffencecommittedin(i)ahostel(ii)adepartmentorinaclassroom and (iii) elsewhere, the Chief Warden, the Head of the Department andthe HeadoftheInstitution,respectively,shallhavetheauthoritytoreprimandor imposefine.

Allcasesinvolvingpunishmentotherthanreprimandshallbereportedtothe Vice-Chancellor.

Casesofadoptionofunfairmeansand/oranymalpracticeinanexamination shall be reported to the Controller of Examinations for taking appropriate action.

9. GraduationRequirements:

A Candidate shall be declared eligible for the award of the degree if he has: • FulfilledDegreeRequirement,includingpassingtherequiredexam. • No dues to the University, College, Departments, Hostels, Library,etc. • Nodisciplinaryactionpendingagainsthim.

The award of the degree must be recommended by the Board of Management.

10. Convocation: Degrees will be awarded in person to the candidates who have graduated during the preceding academic year. Degrees will be awarded in-absentia to such candidates who are unable to attend the convocation. Candidates are required to

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applyfortheconvocationalongwithprescribedfeewithinthespecifieddate,after havingsatisfactorilycompletedalltherequirementsoftheprogram.

11. Specialities ofStudy:

The following specialities are offered in the MDS (Master of Dental Surgery) Program i) Conservative Dentistry andEndodontics

ii) OralandMaxillofacialSurgery iii) OralMedicineandRadiology iv) Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & OralMicrobiology v) Orthodontics and DentofacialOrthopedics

vi) Pediatric and PreventiveDentistry vii) Periodontology

viii) ProsthodonticsandCrown&Bridgeandsuchotherspecialitiesthatshallbe introducedbytheUniversityfromtimetotimewithduepermissionfromthe Dental Council ofIndia.

ProgramSchedule: Time schedule Activity

By the end of 6 Months

Submission of Synopsis (Research Protocols ) for Dissertation

1 to 12 months Training on Applied Basic Sciences

By the end of 12 months

Submission of epidemiology study Submission of I year Log book and work diary Part I University Examination

By the end of 18 months

Submission of Library Dissertation

By the end of 24 months

Submission of II year Log book and work diary Department Level Assessment / Promotional Examination

By the end of 30 months

Submission of Dissertation

By the end of34 months

Preparatory Examinations

36 months Part II University Examination

Teaching-LearningActivities A candidate shall complete the following academic activities. These are only the minimum requirements. However, the Institution/ Department may have additional requirements, which have to be fulfilled by the candidate.

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Activity Minimum Requirements Seminar 5 Presentations per academic year Journal Reviews 5 Presentations per academic year Interdepartmental case presentations / Symposium

5 Presentations during the program

ArticlepublicationinNational/ InternationalJournal

1 during the program

Paper and Table Clinic or Poster Presentations in National / International Conferences

1 each during the program

Participation in National Workshop / Symposium / CDE

2 During the program

Participation in Rural Dental health Programmes – Camps / Street plays / Health talks / Village visits for survey

As per respective departments

Visits to Rural Dental Health Centres for speciality treatment

As per departmental postings

Pedagogy 3 hours per year Epidemiological study 1 during I year Library Dissertation 1 during the program Dissertation 1 during the program Clinical Activities As per departmental schedule

Applied Basic MedicalSciences: ThesubjectsinBasicMedicalSciencesforMDSprogramshallvary according to the respective specialty. The duration of training shall be minimum of 06 months and maximum of 12 months in the I year of the program.

12. Attendance and Monitoring Progressof Studies:

Attendance: A candidate pursuing MDS program shall work in the concerned

departmentoftheCollegefortheentireperiodasafulltimecandidate. No candidate is permitted to run a clinic / laboratory / work in any laboratory/institution/hospital/nursinghomeetc;duringtheperiod

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of study. No candidate should join any other program of study or appearforanyotherdegreeexaminationconductedbythisUniversity or any other University in India or abroad during the period of registration.

Each year shall be taken as a unit for the purpose of calculating attendance. A candidate shall attend Symposia, Seminars, Conferences, Journal

reviewmeetings,Grandrounds,CPC,Casepresentations,Clinicsand LecturesduringeachyearasprescribedbytheDepartment/College

/ University and not absent himself without a valid reason. Acandidateisrequiredtoattendaminimumof80%oftrainingduring each academic

year. Provided further, leave of any kind shall not be countedaspartofacademictermwithoutprejudicetominimum80% attendance of training period everyyear.

Monitoring Progress ofStudies: A candidate shall maintain a work diary / log book for each year of the

program and record his participation in the training programmes suchasreviewofjournal,seminarsetc.conductedbytheDepartment

/ Institution. Theworkdiaryofall3yearsshallbescrutinizedandcertifiedbythe Guide and the

Head of the Department periodically and presentedat theUniversitypractical/clinicalexamination.

13. Dissertation

Asapartialrequirement oftheMDSprogram,acandidateisrequiredtocarryout aclinicalstudyinaselectareaofhisspeciality,underthesupervisionofafaculty Guide.TheresultsofsuchastudyshallbesubmittedtotheUniversityintheform of a dissertation as per the prescribed format and within the date stipulated by the University. Only a candidate who has put in a minimum of 80% of attendance in eachyearshallbeeligibletosubmitthedissertation. The dissertation is aimed at training a postgraduate candidate in research methodologyandtechniques.Itincludesidentificationoftheproblem,formulation of a hypothesis, review of literature, getting acquainted with recent advances, designing of a research study, collection of data, critical analysis, and comparison of results and drawingconclusions.

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Schedule: Ethical clearance Within 6 months after the commencement of the

course Submission of the synopsis to the university

Within 6 months after the commencement of the course

Final submission of the dissertation

6monthsbeforetheuniversityexaminationorasper date specified by the university

Guide: A Guide shall be a full time post graduate teacher of the Institution and recognizedbytheUniversityasaGuideforsupervisionofdissertationwork. Howeveraco-Guidecanbeoptedwhereverrequiredwithpriorpermission of the Institution and University. The co-guide shall also be a postgraduate teacher recognized by the University as aGuide. In the event of a Registered Guide leaving the Institution or in the event of thedeathoftheGuide,achangeofGuideshallbepermittedbytheUniversity, uponthespecificrecommendationoftheInstitution.

EthicalClearance: EthicalClearanceshouldbeobtainedforastudyinvolvinganyprocedureon human subject. The candidate should apply for the certificate to the Ethics Committee of the College, through the Guide and present the study before the Committee for clearance. A copy of the certificate should be attached along with the synopsis forwarded at the time of approval of synopsis. All such clearance should be sought within six months of the commencement of thecourse.

Submission ofSynopsis: AcandidateshallsubmitasynopsistotheUniversitythroughtheGuideand HeadoftheInstitution,notlaterthanninemonthsfromthecommencement of the I year or within the date notified by the University, whichever is earlier. Once the synopsis is approved and registered by the University no changeinthetopicorGuideshallbemadewithoutthepriorapprovalofthe University.

Preparation ofDissertation The Dissertation should be written under the following headings and in order:

a. Introduction b. Aims or Objectives of thestudy c. Review ofliterature d. Materials andMethods

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e. Results f. Discussion g. Summary andConclusions h. References i. Tables j. Annexures

ThewrittentextofDissertationshallbenotlessthan50pagesandshallnot exceed 200 pages excluding references, tables, questionnaires and other annexures.Itshouldbeneatlytypedwithdoublelinespacingononesideof thepaperandboundproperly.Spiralbindingshouldbeavoided.Asoftcopy oftheDissertationshouldalsobesubmitted.

Submission ofDissertation The final Dissertation/Thesis in the prescribed format and certified by the Guide and Co-Guide (if any), Head of the Department and Head of the Institution should be submitted to the University six months before the University examination or as notified by the University.

14. Examinations:

UniversityExamination The University Examination shall consist of theory, practical / clinical examinationandviva-voceandPedagogy.TheUniversityExaminationfor MDS program shall be held in twoparts:

Part I: Shall consist of one Basic Sciences theory paper at the end of 1st Academic Year of Course.

i) Theory: Paper I - Applied Basic Sciences The question papers shall be set and evaluated by the concerned Department/Specialty. The candidates shall have to secure a minimum of 50% in the Basic Sciences and shall have to pass the Part-I examination at least six months prior to the final (Part-II) examination. Part II: Shall consist of three papers at the end of third Academic Year, namely:–

i) Theory: Paper I, Paper II & PaperIII ii) Practical / ClinicalExamination iii) Viva-voceand iv) Pedagogy.

Scheme ofExamination The examinations shall consist of dissertation, written paper (Theory), Practical/Clinical and Viva voce.

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EligibilitytoappearfortheUniversityExaminations Acandidatewhofulfillsthefollowingconditionshallbepermitted to appear for the UniversityExaminations.

• A minimum attendance of 80% prescribed in each academic year

• Satisfactory completion of the requirements of the course certified by Head of the Department and Head of the Institution.

• Approval of the final Dissertation by theUniversity • Satisfactory conductand • Fulfills any other requirement that may be prescribed by

theUniversityfromtimetotime. A candidate whose dissertation has been accepted by the examiners,

butwhoisdeclaredtohavefailedattheexaminationwillbepermitted to reappear at the subsequent MDS examination without having to prepare a new dissertation. If however, the dissertation is rejected, the examiners shall give reasons thereof and suggestions for the improvement of the same and the dissertation thus improved shall havetoberesubmittedtotheexaminersthroughtheUniversityand accepted before appearing in MDSExamination.

Written Examination(Theory): • Theory: Part I: Basic SciencesPaper - 100Marks • Part-II: Paper I, Paper II &PaperIII - 300Marks

(100 Marks for each Paper) Part-IExaminationshallconsistofBasicSciencesofthreehoursdurationthat shall be conducted at the end of First year of MDS course. There shall be 10 ShortEssayQuestionsof10markseach(Totalof100Marks). Part-II Examination shall be conducted at the end of Third year of MDS course. Examination shall consist of Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III, each of three hoursduration. Paper-I &Paper-II shall consist of two Long Essay questionscarrying25markseachandFiveShortEssayQuestionscarrying10 marks each. Paper-III will be on Essays. In Paper-III three Questions will be given and student has to answer any two questions. Each question carries 50 marks.Questionsonrecentadvances maybeaskedinanyorallthepapers.

Note: The distribution of topics in each paper is given under the respective specialty

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Practical / ClinicalExamination: The practical/clinical examination in all the specialties shall be conducted in two days. However, practical/clinical examination may be extended for one day, if it is not complete in twodays. The practical examination is aimed at assessing the competence, skills of techniques and procedures as well as testing a candidate’s ability to make relevant and valid observations, interpretations and inference of Laboratory/ Experimental/Clinical work relating to his specialty. The clinical examination aims at examining the clinical skills and competency of the candidate for undertaking independent work as specialists. Each candidate shall be required to examine long case(s) and short case(s).The total marks for practical/clinical examination is200.

Viva Voce andPedagogy: Viva-Voce examination aims at assessing the depth of knowledge, logical reasoning,confidenceandoralcommunicationskills.Thetotalmarksshall be100anddivisionofmarksshallbe: • Viva voce : 80Marks • Pedagogy (demonstration of teaching skills) : 20Marks

15. EXAMINERS:

Part I: There shall be one internal and one external examiner for evaluating the answer scripts of the same speciality.

Part II: There shall be four examiners in each subject. Out of them, two (50%) shall be external examiners and two (50%) shall be internal examiners. Both external examiners shall be from a university other than the affiliating university and one examiner shall be from a university of different State.

16. QUALIFICATION AND EXPERIENCE FOREXAMINERS:

The qualification and experience for appointment of an examiner shall be as under: (i) Shall possess qualification and experience of a Professor in a post-

graduate degreeprogramme; (ii) No person shall be appointed as an examiner for more than two

consecutiveyears.However,ifthereisabreakofoneyear,theperson can bere-appointed.

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17. Criteria forPass: To pass the university examination, a candidate shall secure in both theory examination and in practical/clinical including viva voce independently with an aggregateof50%oftotalmarksallotted(50outof100marksinPartIexamination and 150 marks out of 300 in Part II examination in theory and 150 out of 300, clinical plus viva voce together). A candidate who is declared successful in the examination shall be granted a Degree of Master of Dental Surgery in the respectivespeciality.

18. Declaration ofClass:

Class will be awarded only to those candidates who pass the entire examination in the first attempt and minimum duration (Three years) and shall be as follows:

• 75% and above - Passed withDistinction • 50% and above but below 75% - Passclass

ACandidatewhopassestheexaminationsinmorethanoneattemptshallbedeclared as ‘Pass’irrespective of the percentage of marks secured.

19. Supplementary Examination:

Supplementaryexaminationshallbeconductedbytheuniversityforthebenefitof unsuccessful candidates which shall be held within six months from the date of announcement ofresults. A candidate detained for lack of attendance shall be barred from appearing the supplementaryexaminationsunlesshehasfulfilledtherequirementofattendance.

20. Award of MeritCertificates:

MeritCertificateisawardedonlyifacandidatepasseswith75%andaboveinfirst attempt.

*****

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Specialty: CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS

Program Code: 23DENT03D

PROGRAM OUTCOMES At the end of the program, graduates will be able to...

1. Demonstrate an understanding of basic sciences as relevant to conservative /

restorative dentistry andEndodontics. 2. Perform a physical and oral examination of the patient, identify normal and

abnormal functioning of various systems of the body, take proper chair side history, examine the patient and perform medical and dental diagnosticprocedures;aswellasperformrelevanttestsandinterpretthemtocome to a reasonable diagnosis about the dentalcondition.

3. Diagnoseandrecognizeconditionsthatmayrequiremultidisciplinaryapproachor a clinical situation outside the realm of the specialty, which he or she should be able to recognize and refer to appropriatespecialist.

4. Perform infection control measures in the dental clinical environment and laboratories.

5. AdoptethicalprinciplesinallaspectsofrestorativeandcontemporaryEndodontics including non-surgical and surgicalEndodontics.

6. PerformalllevelsofrestorativeworkincludingAestheticproceduresandtreatment of complicated restorativeprocedures.

7. Describe and manage etiology, pathophysiology, periapical diagnosis and management of common endodontic situations that will include contemporary management of trauma and pulpal pathosis including endodontic-periodontic considerations.

8. Diagnose, plan and execute challenging clinical cases requiring comprehensive management strategies using contemporary materials and techniques in the specialty of conservative dentistry andendodontics.

9. Demonstrate communication skills in particular to explain various options available management and to obtain a true informed consent from thepatient.

10. Apply moral and ethical standards while carrying on human or animalresearch.

Objectives: Toachievethegoalsofthecourseattheendoftheprescribed36monthsPostgraduate training program in Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, the candidate should be able to fulfill the following objectives which may be considered under the following subtitles:

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Knowledge • Describe etiology, pathophysiology, periapical diagnosis and management of

common Restorative situations, Endodontic situations that will include contemporary management of dental caries, management of trauma and pulpalpathoses including periodontalsituations.

• DemonstrateunderstandingofbasicsciencesasrelevanttoConservative / Restorative dentistry and Endodontics

• Identify social, economical, environment and emotional determinants in a given case or community and take them into account for planning and execution atindividualandcommunitylevels.

• Ability to master differential diagnosis and recognize conditions that may requiremultidisciplinaryapproachoraclinicalsituationoutsidetherealmofthe specialty, which he/she should be able to recognize and refer to appropriate specialist.

• Update himself by self-study and by attending basic and advanced courses, conferences, seminars, workshops in the specialty of Conservative dentistry/ Endodontics/DentalmaterialsandRestorativedentistry.

• Ability to teach, guide colleagues and other students

• Use information technology tools and carry out research both basic and clinicalwiththeaimofpublishinghisworkandpresentingthesameatvarious scientificplatforms.

Skills

• Take proper chair side history, examine the patient and perform essential medicalanddentaldiagnosticproceduresandorderaswellasperformrelevant test and interpret them to come to a reasonable diagnosis about the dental conditions in general and Conservative dentistry, Endodontics in particular and undertake complete patient monitoring including pre-operative care of the patient.

• Perform all levels of restorative work and surgical & non-surgical Endodontics including Endodontics endosseous implants, as well as Endodontic-Periodontal surgical procedures as a part of multi disciplinary approach to clinicalsituation

• Providebasiclifesavingsupportservicesinemergencysituations. • Manage acute pulpal & periodontal situations and emergencyprocedures. • Have a thorough knowledge of Infection Control Measures in dental

clinical environment andlaboratories

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Human Values – Ethical practice and communication abilities • Adopt ethical principles in all aspect of restorative and contemporary

Endodontics includingnon-surgicalandsurgicalEndodontics. • Professionalhonestyandintegrityshouldbethetoppriority. • Dental care has to be provided regardless of social status, caste, creed, or

religion of thepatient • Develop communication skills in particular, the skill to explain various options

availableinmanagementandtoobtainatrueinformedconsentfromthepatient • Apply high moral and ethical standards while carrying on human or animal

research. • He shall not carry out any heroic procedures and must know his limitations

inperformingallaspectsofrestorativedentistryincludingEndodontics.Askfor helpfromcolleaguesorseniorswhenrequiredwithouthesitation.

• Respectpatient’srightandprivilegesincludingpatient’srighttoinformation.

COURSE CONTENT

Part I: Applied Anatomy of Head &Neck : General Human Anatomy - Gross Anatomy of Head and Neck [in detail]. Cranial and facialbones,TMJandfunction,musclesofmasticationandfacialexpression,muscles ofneckandbackincludingmusclesofdeglutitionandtongue,arterialsupplyandvenous drainage of the head and neck, anatomy of the Para nasal sinuses with relation to the Vth cranial nerve. General considerations of the structures and function of the brain. Brief considerations of V, VII, XI, XII, cranial nerves and autonomic nervous system of the head and neck. The salivary glands, Pharynx, LarynxTrachea. Esophagus, Functional Anatomy of mastication, Deglutition, speech, respiration, and circulation, teeth eruption, morphology, occlusion and function. Anatomy of TMJ, its movements and myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome Embryology-Developmentoftheface,tongue,jaws,TMJ,Paranasalsinuses,pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, Salivary glands, Development of oral and para oral tissue includingdetailedaspectsoftoothanddentalhardtissueformation DentalAnatomy-Anatomyofprimaryandsecondarydentition,conceptofocclusion, mechanismofarticulation,andmasticatoryfunction.Detailedstructuralandfunctional studyoftheoraldentalandparaoraltissues.Normalocclusion,developmentofocclusion in deciduous mixed and permanent dentitions, root length, root configuration, tooth- numberingsystem. Histology - Histology of Enamel, Dentin, Cementum, Periodontal ligament and Alveolar bone, pulpal anatomy, histology and biological consideration. Salivary glands and Histology

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of epithelial tissues including glands. Histology of general and specific connective tissue including bone, hematopoietic system, lymphoid etc. Muscleandneuraltissues,Endocrinalsystemincludingthyroid,Salivaryglands,Histology of skin, oral mucosa, respiratory mucosa, connective tissue, bone, cartilage, cellular elements of blood vessels, blood, lymphatic, nerves, muscles, tongue, tooth and its surroundingstructures.

Applied Physiology And Nutrition: Introduction,Mastication,Deglutition,Digestion/Assimilation,Homeostasis,fluidand electrolyte balance. Blood composition, volume, function, blood groups and hemorrhage, Blood transfusion, circulation, Heart, Pulse, Blood pressure, capillary and lymphatic circulation,shock,respiration,control,anoxia,hypoxia,asphyxia,artificialrespiration. Endocrineglandsinparticularreferencetopituitary,parathyroidandthyroidglandsand sexhormones.RoleofcalciumandVitDingrowthanddevelopmentofteeth,boneand jaws.RoleofVit.A,CandBcomplexinoralmucosalandperiodontalhealth.Physiology and function of the masticatory system. Speech mechanism, mastication, swallowing anddeglutitionmechanism,salivaryglandsandSaliva.

Endocrine : General principles of endocrine activity and disorders relating to pituitary, thyroid, pancreas,parathyroid,adrenals,gonads,includingpregnancyandlactation.Physiology of saliva, urine formation, normal and abnormal constituents, physiology of pain, sympatheticandparasympatheticnervoussystem,neuromuscularco-ordinationofthe stomatognathicsystem.

Applied Nutrition : General principles, balanced diet, effect of dietary deficiencies and starvation, diet, digestion, absorption, transportation and utilization, diet for elderly patients.

Applied Biochemistry: Generalprinciplesgoverningthevariousbiologicalactivitiesofthebody,suchasosmotic pressure,electrolyticdissociation,oxidation-reduction,etc.generalcompositionofthe body,intermediarymetabolism,Carbohydrates,proteins,liquidsandtheirmetabolism, Enzymes,Vitamins,andminerals,Hormones,Bloodandotherbodyfluids,Metabolism ofinorganicelements,Detoxificationinthebody,Antimetabolites.

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Applied Pharmacology & Therapeutics: Definition of terminologies used - Dosage and mode of administration of drugs. Action and fate of drugs in the body, Drug addiction, tolerance and hypersensitive reactions, Drugs acting on the CNS, General anesthetics/Hypnotics [Local & General Anesthetics], Analgesics and Anti-Pyretics, Anti – Inflammatory, Sedatives/ Tranquilizers [Anti –anxiety], Chemotherapeutics and Antibiotics [Anti-Bacterial, Anti –Viral,Anti-Fungal&Anti-Parasitic],Antiseptics/Disinfectants,Styptic/Coagulants & Anti-Coagulants, Sialagogues & Anti-Sialagogues, Hematinic, Cortisone, ACTH, Insulin and other Anti-Diabetic drugs, Anti –Hypertensive , Cardiac & Anti-Anginaldrugs, Vitamins &Minerals [ A, D, B – complex, C &K], Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy.

Applied Pathology: Inflammation,Repair,Degeneration,Necrosis/Gangrene,Circulatorydisturbances Ischemia, hyperemia, chronic venous congestion, edema, thrombosis, embolism and infarction.Infectionandinfectivegranulomas,Allergyandhypersensitivereaction, Neoplasm; Classification of tumors, Carcinogenesis, characteristics of benign and malignant tumors, spread of tumors. Applied histopathology and clinical pathology.

Applied Microbiology: Immunity,knowledgeoforganismscommonlyassociatedwithdiseasesoftheoralcavity (morphology cultural characteristics etc.) of strepto, staphylo, pneumo, gono and meningococci, Clostridia group of organisms, Spirochetes, organisms of tuberculosis, leprosy,diphtheria,actinomycosisandmoniliasisetc.Virology,Crossinfectioncontrol, sterilizationandhospitalwastemanagement

Applied Oral Pathology: Developmental disturbances of oral and Para oral structures, Regressive changes of teeth,Bacterial,viralandmycoticinfectionsoforalcavity,Dentalcaries,diseasesofpulp and periapical tissues, Physical and chemical injuries of the oral cavity, oral manifestations of metabolic and endocrine disturbances, Diseases of the blood and blood forming organism in relation to the oral cavity, Periodontal diseases, Diseases of the skin, nerves and muscles in relation to the Oralcavity.

Laboratory determinations: Blood groups, blood matching, R.B.C. and W.B.C. count, Bleeding and clotting time, Smears and cultures - urine analysis and culture

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Applied Biostatistics & Research Methodology: StudyofBiostatisticsasappliedtodentistryandresearch.Definition,aimcharacteristics and limitations of statistics, planning of statistical experiments, sampling, collection, classification and presentation of data (Tables, graphs, pictograms etc.) Analysis of dataIntroductiontoBiostatistics,Scopeandneedforstatisticalapplicationtobiological data. Definition of selected terms - scale of measurements related to statistics, Methods of collecting data, presentation of the statistical diagrams and graphs. Frequency curves, mean, mode of median, Standard deviation and co-efficient of variation, Correlation Co-efficient and its significance, Binominal distributions normal distribution and Poisson distribution, Tests of significance

Research Methodology: Understanding and evaluating dental research, scientific method and the behavior of scientists, understanding to logic - inductive logic - analogy, models, authority, hypothesis and causation, Quacks, Cranks, Abuses of Logic, Measurement and Errors of measurement, presentation of results, Reliability, Sensitivity and specificity diagnosis test and measurement, Research Strategies, Observation, Correlation, Experimentation and Experimental design. Logic of statistical interference balance judgments,judgmentunderuncertainty,clinicalvs.,scientificjudgment,problemwith clinical judgment, forming scientific judgments, the problem of contradictory evidence, citation;analysisasameansofliteratureevaluation,Terminal,Inexactitude.

Radiographic Techniques: Introduction, radiation, background of radiation, sources, radiation biology, somatic damage,geneticdamage,protectionfromprimaryandsecondaryradiation,Principles ofX-rayproduction,appliedprinciplesofradiotherapyandaftercare. Intra-oral &Extra-oral Radiography: Methods of localization digital radiology and ultra sound, Normal anatomical landmarks of teeth and jaws in radiograms, temporom and ibular joint [TMJ] radiograms, neck radiograms.

Applied General Medicine: Systemicdiseasesanditsinfluenceongeneralhealthandoralanddentalhealth.Medical emergenciesinthedentaloffices-Prevention,preparation,medicolegalconsideration, unconsciousness, respiratory distress, altered consciousness, seizure’s, drug related emergencies,chestpain,cardiacarrest,premedication,andmanagementofambulatory patients,resuscitation,appliedpsychiatry,child,adultandseniorcitizens.Assessment ofcase,pre-medication,inhibition,monitoring,complications,assistinO.T.foranesthesia.

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Applied General Surgery &Anesthesia: Generalprinciplesofsurgery,woundhealing,incisionwoundcare,hospitalcare,control of hemorrhage, electrolyte balance. Common bandages, sutures, splints, shifting of criticallyillpatients,prophylactictherapy,bonesurgeries,grafts,etc.,surgicaltechniques, nursing assistance, anestheticassistance. Principles in speech therapy, surgical and radiological craniofacial oncology, applied surgical ENT and ophthalmology.

Dental Materials Basic & Advanced knowledge of all dental materials associated with Restorative dentistry.

• History, development & Physical properties of all restorative materials associated with Conservativedentistry.

• Methodsoftestingbio-compatibilityofmaterialsusedindentistry • Impression materials/ restorative materials/ investment/ castings alloys and all

othermaterialsusedinConservativedentistry • Physical properties of all restorative materials and materials used in

castingprocedures. • All past, present and future restorative materials and recent advances

including their composition, physical properties, advantages / disadvantages, modifications andcombinations.

• Recent restorative materials including composites / glass ionomers/ fissure sealants/modifications/combinationanddentinbondingsystems/bases/liners / varnishes.

• All materials associated with metal casting fabrication and finishing / abrasives / polishingagents

• Ceramics with recent advances; knowledge ofmetallurgy. • Biologicalresponsetovariousrestorativematerials. • Advanced knowledge of dentalequipment.

Part II :

Conservative Dentistry • Detailed systemic history taking clinical exercise of various systems coming

to provisionaldiagnosis. • Rationale of Diagnostictest. • Medical laboratory test / dental diagnostictest. • Informed consent and medico-legal issues[COPRA] • Communicationskillswithpatients • Conceptofessentialdrugsandrationalizationofdrugs.

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• Principles of evidence baseddentistry. • Advanced knowledge on ConservativeDentistry. • Crossinfectioncontrolindentalclinic/laboratory. • Instruments:advanced instrumentation in ConservativeDentistry. • Equipment of the present and future. • Advancedmethodsofdiagnosisandtreatmentplanning. • Cariesdiagnosis–advancedmethodsandepidemiologyofcaries. • Management of dental caries as an infectiousdisease. • Advanced methods of removal of dental caries, including chemo-mechanical

management. • Total advanced knowledge on dentalcaries. • Knowledgeofclinicalaspectsofallpast,presentandpossiblefuturerestorative

methods. • Metallic and non-metallic restorative materials including cast gold, direct gold,

base metal alloys, composite resin, glass ionomers, combinations and ceramics – advancedknowledge.

• Basic and advanced knowledge about dentin bonding systems and bonded restorations.

• Tooth preparations to receive all restorative materials including intra / extra coronal.

• Knowledge of all types of dental cements – liners, bases, varnishes and intermediary restorativematerials.

• Clinical procedures associated with all restorative materials / single tooth cast restorationsincludingcastgold/directgold/crowns/onlays/andpostEndodontic restorations.

• Advanced knowledge on EstheticDentistry. • Advanced knowledge onOcclusion. • Basic knowledge on General Anesthesia. • Advanced knowledge of basic local anesthesia / supplementary anesthetic

techniques / management ofcomplications. • Managementofhypersensitivedentin/managementofdiscoloredteeth–newer

methods of treatmentmodalities. • Lasers as related to ConservativeDentistry. • Advancedknowledgeofminimalinterventiondentistry.

Endodontics

• IncludesAdultandPediatricEndodontics. • Crossinfectioncontrolindentalclinicsandlaboratory • Advanced knowledge of all aspects of endodontics, includingdiagnostics,

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treatment modalities, material, techniques & controversies • Methodofsterilization/asepsisinclinics • Instrument and instrumentation – advancedknowledge • Surgical microscopes –Magnification Loupes for enlarged/enhanced vision

in Endodontics; recent concepts &advancements. • Management of Pain as related to Endodontics. • AdvancedknowledgeofBiologicalbasisforEndodontics. • Advanced knowledge on PreventiveEndodontics. • Advanced knowledge of development, histology, pathology, etio-pathology of

pulp & associated periodontaltissues. • Advanced knowledge of internal anatomy / variations and its implications in

deliveryofhighlevelEndodonticcare. • AdvancedknowledgeofradiologyasrelatedtoEndodontics. • Basic and advanced knowledge of microbiology as related to micro flora of

pulp space in particular and oral cavity in general, including culture methods and taxonomyofmicrobialfloraofpulpspace.

• Advancedknowledgeofvitalpulptherapy. • Basic and advanced knowledge on all phases of contemporary and advanced

Endodontictherapy,includingaccesscavitypreparation/pulpspacepreparation / debridement / concept of sterile pulp space / methods of obturation& access restoratives.

• Drugsandchemicalsincludingintracanalmedicaments. • Management of traumatized anterior & posterior teeth and associated

structures. • BasicandadvancedknowledgeofalltypesofEndodonticsurgeries/endo-perio

surgicalsituations/Endodonticendosseousimplants. • Biologyofbonehealing&woundhealing. • ManagementofpostEndodonticsituations. • Post-surgical management of endo-surgicalpatients. • Lasers as related to Endodontics andEndo-surgeries. • Advanced knowledge of materials as related toEndodontics. • MultidisciplinaryapproachtoEndodonticsituations. • RegenerativeEndodontics -root canalrevascularization • StemcellsinEndodontics:Introduction,Typesofstemcells,Stemcellresearch,

Postnatal stem cell therapy, Pulp implantation , Scaffoldimplantation.

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Clinical / Practical Work • Knowledge of Conservative Dentistry &Endodontics. • Clinicalskills

a. Restorativeprocedures b. Endodonticproceduresandpost-Endodonticsituations c. SurgicalEndodontics

• Laboratoryskills a. Impression procedures and disinfection of

impressions b. Making of removabledies c. Casting procedures / pre heaters / waxelimination d. Ceramic lab workprocedures e. Finishing ofcasting f. Fabrication of post and core / inlays / onlays andcrowns g. Fabricationofceramiclaminates/crown/inlaysandonlays.

1. Pre-Clinical/PracticalExercisesin1styearMDS

a. Pre- Clinical WorkOn TyphodontTeeth Sl No. Exercise No

1 Class2SilverAmalgamcavities a) Conservativepreparation b) Conventionalpreparation

03 03

2 Inlay cavity preparation [on premolars &molars] MO, DO, MOD a) Waxpattern b) Casting

10

06 04

3 Onlay preparation [on molars] - Casting

02 01

4 Full Crowns (2 each to be processed) a) Anterior & Posterior 05 each 5 7/8 crown (1 to be processed) 02 6 3/4 crown premolars (1 to be processed) 02

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b. Pre- Clinical Work on NaturalTeeth

Sl No. Exercise No

1 Class2SilverAmalgamcavities a) Conservativepreparation b) Conventionalpreparation c) Pin retained amalgam on molarteeth

02 02 02

2 Inlay cavity preparation [on premolars &molars] MO, DO, MOD a) Waxpattern b) Casting

08

02 02

3 Onlay preparation [on molars] - Casting

02 01

4 Full Crowns (2 to 3 to be processed) a) Anteriors b) Posteriors [Premolars &Molars]

06 04

5 Composite class III cavity Composite class IV cavity

04 04

6 Laminate Veneers Anterior teeth a) Ceramic (indirectmethod) b) Composite (directmethod)

02 04

7 Composite Inlay – Posterior tooth class 2 (1 to be processed)

03

c. Full Tooth Wax Carving- All PermanentTeeth d. Pre-Clinical Endodontic Exercises: e . Sectioning of NaturalTeeth

1 Permanent Dentition All maxillary and mandibular teeth Deciduous Dentition Molars: 2nd primary upper & lower molar 1 each.

2 Access cavity Preparation & Root canal therapy [BMP &Obturation]

Conventional prep; step back; crown down, obturation Maxillary & mandibular permanent teeth

Anterior Teeth 03 Premolar 06 (2 upper and 2 lower) obturation one each

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Molar 06 [Total] 3upper–1stmolar[Two],2ndmolar[One]3lower- 1st molar [Two], 2nd molar [One] BMP with Ni-Tirotary files. Obturation - oneeach

Post- core Exercise Preparation & fabrication

Anterior & Posterior teeth.

Anterior Teeth 10 (casting - 4); Posterior Teeth 05 (casting - 2), Removable dies 04

2. Clinical Programme for1stYear:

No. Topic Min. Marks

1. Composite restoration 30

2. GIC restorations 30

3. Complex amalgam restorations 05

4. Composite inlay + veneers(direct and indirect) 05

5. Ceramic jacket crown 05

6. Post and Core for anterior teeth 05

7. Bleaching vital and Non vital 05 each

8. RCT anterior 20

9. Endo surgery-observation and assisting 05

10. Veneers (direct and indirect) 05

3. Clinical Programme for 2ndYear:- i) Endodontics ii) Post –Endodonticrestorations iii) Specialized ConservativeProcedures. iv) Photographic/Audio-Video/Radiographicrecordsofallcases v) Seminarsonendodontic&conservativedentistryfivedaysaweek vi) 5Topics(Minimum15sessions) vii) Journalclubonceaweek. viii) Case presentation once aweek. ix) Short termresearch(Optional). x) SubmissionofLibraryDissertation. xi) Presentation of Scientific papers/ Research papers in state and national

Conferences.

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xii) International conferences- minimum3 xiii) Compulsory attendance of all national conferences and PGconventions. xiv) Lecture classes for undergraduate students in conservative dentistry- minimum

5hours. xv) Studentsareexpectedtohave2scientificpublicationsineitherastate/national /

internationaljournal. xvi) a) Dental Camps-5 to beattended

b) Rural posting-20 days to be attended. xvii) Promotional exam for second yearMDS.

xviii) PromotionalExam-tobeheldinConservativedentistry:(Portionsdividedin 4sessions)

xix) Case discussion -5

Clinical Work requirement for 2ndYear

1 Ceramic Jacket Crowns 10 2 Post and core for anterior teeth 10 3 Post and core for posterior teeth 05 4 Composite restoration 20 5 Full crown for posterior teeth 15 6 Cast gold inlay 05 7 Composite inlay 05 8 Other special types of work such as splinting 05 9 Anterior RCT 20 10 Posterior RCT 30 11 Endo Surgery performed independently 05 12 Management of Endo-Perio problems 05 13 Ceramic laminates 05 14 Smile Design 05

Clinical Programme for 3rdYear : i) Endodontics ii) Post-Endodontic restorations: Prefabricated and custommade iii) Specialized conservative advanced and operativeprocedures iv) Endodonticsurgeries-minimum5.(Photo/audio-video/Radiographicrecords) v) Case presentation once aweek vi) Clinicalcasereportpresentations:minimum5(including)

a. Multidisciplinaryapproachcases-2minimum b. Casesofspecialinterestorcaseswithadvancedtreatmentplanning-3minimum

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Clinical Work

1 Cast gold inlay- only, cuspal restoration 10 2 Post and core 20 3 Molar Endodontics 50 4 Endo surgery 05 5 Full mouth rehabilitation 05 6 Complex smile design 05 7 Ceramic laminates 05 8 Ceramic crowns 05

All other types of surgeries including crown lengthening, perio-esthetics, hemisectioning, splinting, replantation, endodontic implants. Elective posting

• Research: Material Science, Microbiology, Genetics, Stem cell,Immunology • Prosthodontics • Periodontics • Oral medicine and radiology • Oral and maxillofacialsurgery • Community Dentistry – RuralPosting

Scheme of Examinations: A. Theory: PART-I

Paper-I :AppliedBasicSciences: 100 marks

Applied Anatomy, Physiology, Pathology including Oral Microbiology, Pharmacology, Biostatistics and Research Methodology and Applied Dental Materials.

There shall be 10 Short Essay Questions of 10 marks each (Total of 100 Marks)

PART-II

Paper-I : Conservative Dentistry

Paper-II : Endodontics

Paper-III: Essays- Descriptive and analysing type questions

28

Paper-I&Paper-IIshallconsistoftwoLongEssayQuestionscarrying25markseachand FiveShortEssayQuestionscarrying10markseach.Paper-IIIwillbeonEssays.InPaper- III three Questions will be given and student has to answer any two questions. Each question carries 50 marks. Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers. Note:Questionsonrecentadvancesmaybeaskedinanyorallthepapers.Thetopicsassignedto the different papers are generally evaluated under those sections. However a strict division of the subject may not be possible and some overlapping of topics is inevitable. The candidate should be prepared to answer overlappingtopics.

B. Clinical [Practicals]: 200marks Duration of Clinical &Viva voce Examination - will be 2 days for a batch of 4 candidates.[Ifthenumberofcandidatesexceeds4,theexaminationcanbeextendedto 3rd day].

Day 1. Clinical Exercise I – 50 marks Cast Metal Post & Core On Anterior Tooth

i. Toothpreparation ii. Direct waxpattern

iii. Casting iv. Cementation v. RetractionandElastomericimpression

Clinical exercise-II – 50 marks Cast Metal Inlay Exercise on Posterior Tooth

i. ToothpreparationforclassIIGold inlay ii. Fabrication of Direct waxpattern

or Composite Direct Laminate Veneer on Anterior Tooth

i. Tooth preparation for class IIinlay ii. Fabrication of Direct wax pattern

or Composite inlay Exercise on Posterior Tooth

i. ToothpreparationforclassIIGoldinlay ii. ImpressionMaking&FabricationofDie iii. Fabrication of Inlay & Cementation

Day 2: Clinical Exercise III – 100 marks MolarEndodontics

i. Local anesthesia and rubber damapplication ii. Accesscavity

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iii. Working lengthdetermination iv. Canalpreparation v. Master coneselection

C. Viva Voce & Pedagogy: 100marks i. Viva Voce Examination: 80marks

The viva voce examination shall be conducted by a panel of examiners appointed bytheUniversity.Theexaminationisaimedtoassessthecandidate’scomprehension, analyticalapproach,expression,interpretationofdataandcommunicationskills.It includesallcomponentsofcoursecontentsandpresentationanddiscussiononthe dissertation.

ii. Pedagogy Exercise: 20marks Atopicwillbegiventoeachcandidateatthebeginningoftheclinicalexamination. He/she is asked to make a presentation on the topic for 8-10minutes.

Reference Text Books (Latest Editions) and Learning Materials Text Books of Dental Materials

1. Philips' Science of Dental Materials.Elesvier. 2. Biocompatibility of Dental Materials. Gottfried Schmalz and Arenholt-

Bindslev.SpringerPub. 3. Craig's Restorative Dental Materials.Elesvier. 4. Materials used in Dentistry.Mahalaxmi. 5. Preservation and Restoration of Tooth Structure. GrahamMount. 6. An atlas of glass ionomercements. GrahamMount. 7. Dental Materials. Mccabe. 8. Dental Materials and their selection-WJBbrian

Text Books of Conservative Dentistry

1. Sturdevant – Art and Sciences of Operative Dentistry 2. Summit IB - Fundamentals of operative dentistry: a contemporaryapproach 3. Charbeneau GT. Principles and Practice of Operative Dentistry – 3rdedition 4. Marzouk MA. operative dentistry modern theory andpractice 5. Wilson, Nairn H F., minimally invasivedentistry 6. VimalSikri - Text book of OperativeDentistry 7. Dental Caries: the Disease and its clinical management. Fejerskov andKidd. 8. Essentials of Dental Caries: Kidd and Fejerskov. 4thedition

30

Text Books of Endodontics 1. Cohen – Pathways of Pulp 11thedition 2. Ingle’s Endodontics 6thedition 3. Gutmann – Problem Solving in Endodontics – 5thedition 4. James l Grossman – Endodontic Practice – 13thedition 5. Torabinejad M – Endodontics Principles and Practice 4thedition 6. HartysEndoddontics in Clinical Practice 7thedition 7. Weine – Endodontic Therapy 6thedition 8. Text book of Endodontics – Mithra N Hegde, 2ndedition 9. Roit's essential immunology. 13thedition. 10. Endodontic microbiology - Ashraf Fouad. 2ndedition. 11. Seltzer and Bender's Dental pulp. Secondedition.

Text Books of Aesthetic Dentistry

1. Kenneth W Aschheim – A clinical approach to techniques and materials 3rd edition

2. Contemporary Esthetic Dentistry –freedman 3. Dawson -functional occlusion – from TMJ to smiledesign 4. Stephen Chu - fundamentals of Color – shade matching and communication in

Estheticdentistry

Journals 1. Journal of Endodontics 2. International Endodonticjournal 3. Journal of Conservative Dentistry 4. Caries Research 5. Journal of Operative Dentistry 6. Journal of Esthetic and RestorativeDentistry 7. Journal of DentalResearch 8. Journal ofEndodontology

*****

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Specialty: ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Program Code: 23DENT02D

PROGRAM OUTCOMES At the end of the program, graduates will be able to...

1. Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of etiology, pathophysiology and

diagnosis,appropriatetreatmentplanningofvariousoralandmaxillofacialsurgical problems

2. Applygeneralsurgicalprinciplestopreandpostsurgicalmanagementparticularly evaluation, post surgical care, fluids and electrolyte management, blood transfusion and post surgical pain,management.

3. Demonstrate knowledge of basic sciences relevant to practice of oral and maxillofacialsurgery

4. Record clinical history, perform methodical examination of the patient, order essential diagnostic investigation and interpret them and deduce reasonable diagnosis and formulate treatment plan of the surgicalcondition.

5. Formulate an evidence-based and cost effective treatment plan in collaboration with thepatient

6. Practise with competence minor oral surgical procedures and common maxillofacial surgery both surgically and medically (if required multispecialty approach)

7. Provide apt diagnosis, surgical and medical management of diseases, injuries and defects of human jaws and associated oral structure by interaction with other dental, medical and allied disciplines.

8. Practise personal hygiene and infection control , prevention of cross infection and safedisposalofhospitalwastekeepinginviewofthehighprevalenceofhepatitis, HIV and other transmissible diseases

9. Develop attitude to seek opinion from allied medical and dental specialists asand when required and be willing to share knowledge and clinical experience with professional colleagues\

10. Adoptnewtechniquesofsurgicalmanagementdevelopedfromtimetotimebased on own research or critical appraisal of research literature which are in the best interest of the patient

11. Provide compassionate patient care and help in national health scenario and neighbouring regions for conditions relevant to the specialty of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery irrespective of social status, caste, creed or religion of the patient.

32

12. Communicate with patients from diverse backgrounds including the ability to listen to, respond to, and provide appropriate information and obtaining a true informedconsent

13. Function as an effective team member / leader of a multi professional oral and maxillofacial surgicalteam

14. Demonstrate a respect for human values, human rights and socialresponsibilities

Objectives: The training program in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is structured to achieve the following four objectives-

a. Knowledge b. Skills c. Attitude d. Communicativeskillsandability

Knowledge: a. Toacquireadequateknowledgeandunderstandingoftheetiology,patho-physiology and

diagnosis, appropriate treatment planning of various Oral and Maxillofacial Surgicalproblemsbothminorandmajorinnature.

b. To understand the General Surgical principles like pre and post surgical management; particularly evaluation, post surgical care, fluid and electrolyte management,bloodtransfusionandpostsurgicalpainmanagement.

c. Understanding of Basic Sciences relevant to practice or Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.

d. Able to identify social, cultural, economic, genetic and environmental factorsand theirrelevancetodiseaseprocessmanagementintheOralandMaxillofacialregion.

e. Essentialknowledgeofpersonalhygieneandinfectioncontrol,preventionofcross infectionandsafedisposalofhospitalwastekeepinginviewofthehighprevalence of Hepatitis, HIV and other transmissiblediseases.

Skill:

a. To record proper clinical history, perform methodical examination of the patient, essential diagnostic investigations and interpret them and to arrive at a reasonable diagnosisandtreatmentplanaboutthesurgicalcondition.

b. To perform with competence minor Oral surgical procedures and common Maxillofacial surgery. To treat both surgically and medically (if required by multispecialtyapproach).

33

c. To provide apt diagnosis, surgical and medical management of diseases, injuries anddefectsofhumanjawsandassociatedoralstructuresbyinteractionwithother Dental,MedicalandAllieddisciplines.

Attitude: a. Develop attitude to adopt ethical principles in all aspect of surgical practice,

Professionalhonestyandintegrityaretobefostered.Surgicalcareistobedelivered irrespective of the social status, caste, creed or religion of thepatient.

b. Shouldbewillingtosharetheknowledgeandclinicalexperiencewithprofessional colleagues.

c. Shouldbewillingtoadoptnewtechniquesofsurgicalmanagementdevelopedfrom scientific research, which are in the best interest of thepatient.

d. Respect patient rights and privileges, including patient’s right to information and right to seek a secondopinion.

e. Develop attitude to seek opinion from an allied Medical and Dental specialists as and when required.

Communication skills: a. Developadequatecommunicationskillsparticularlywiththepatientsgivingthem

thevariousoptionsavailabletomanageaparticularsurgicalproblemandobtaina true informed consent from them for the most appropriate treatment available at that point oftime

b. Developtheabilitytocommunicatewithprofessionalcolleagues. c. Develop ability to teachundergraduates.

Course Content Part I : 1. Applied BasicSciences:

Athoroughknowledgeoftheoryandtheirprinciplesingeneralandinparticularthe basic medical subjects as relevant to the practice of Maxillofacial surgery. It is desirable to have adequate knowledge in bio-statistics, epidemiology, research methodology,nutritionandcomputers.

a. Anatomy • Development of face, paranasal sinuses and associated structures and their

anomalies. Anatomy, surgical anatomy and applied aspects of scalp, temple andface,trianglesofneck,deepstructuresofneck,musclesoffaceandneck, cranial and facial bones and its surrounding soft tissues,cranial nerves,

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tongue, temporal and infratemporal region, orbit and its contents, nose, paranasal sinuses, eyelids and nasal septum, teeth, gums and palate,salivary glands, pharynx, thyroid and parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea and esophagus, congenital abnormality of orofacialregions.

• Functional anatomy of mastication, deglutition, speech, respiration and circulation.

• Histology of skin, oral mucosa, connective tissue, bone, cartilage, cellular elements of blood vessels, lymphatic, nerves, muscles, tongue, tooth and its surroundingstructures.

b. Physiology • Nervous system-physiology of nerve conduction, pain pathway,sympathetic

and parasympathetic nervous system, hypothalamus and mechanism of controlling bodytemperature.

• Blood-its composition hemostasis, blood dyscrasias and its management, hemorrhage and its control, blood grouping, cross matching, blood component therapy, complications of blood transfusion, blood substitutes, auto transfusion, cellsavers.

• Digestive system composition and functions of saliva, mastication, deglutition, digestion, assimilation, urine formation, normal and abnormal constituents.

• Respiratory System - Respiration control of ventilation, anoxia, asphyxia, artificialrespiration,hypoxia-typesandmanagement.

• Cardiovascular System - cardiac cycle, shock, heart sounds, blood pressure, hypertension.

• Endocrinology-metabolism of calcium, endocrinal activity and disorders relating to thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas andgonads.

• Nutrition- General principles balanced diet, effect of dietary deficiency, protein energy malnutrition, Kwashiorkor, Marasmus, Nutritional support, metabolic responses to stress, need for nutritional support, entails nutrition, routes of access to GI tract, parenteral nutrition, access to central veins, nutritionalsupport.

• Fluid and Electrolytic balance/Acid Base metabolism- the body fluid compartment, metabolism of water and electrolytes, factors maintaining homeostasis, causes for treatment of acidosis andalkalosis.

c. Biochemistry • General principles governing the various body and other fluids, biological

principles of the body such as osmotic pressure, electrolytes, dissociation, oxidation,reductionetc.;detoxificationofbody.

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• General composition of body, intermediary metabolism-carbohydrate, proteins,lipids,enzymes,vitamins,mineralsandantimetabolites.

d. GeneralPathology • Inflammation - Acute and chronic inflammation, repair and regeneration,

necrosisandgangrene,roleofcomplementsysteminacuteinflammation,roleof arachidonic acid and its metabolites in acute inflammation, growth factors in acute inflammation, role of NSAIDS in inflammation, cellular changesinradiationinjuryanditsmanifestation.

• Woundmanagement-Woundhealing,factorsinfluencinghealing,properties of suture materials, appropriate uses ofsutures.

• Hemostasis - role of endothelium in thrombogenesis; arterial and venous thrombi, disseminated intravascularcoagulation.

• Hypersensitivity- Shock and pulmonary failure: types of shock, diagnosis, resuscitation, pharmacological support, ARDS and its causes and prevention, ventilation andsupport.

• Neoplasm-CarcinogensandCarcinogenesis,gradingandstagingoftumors, various laboratoryinvestigations.

e. . Generalmicrobiology • Immunity, Hepatitis B and its prophylaxis, Knowledge of organisms,

commonly associated with diseases of oral cavity, culture and sensitivity tests, variousstainingtechniques-Smearsandcultures,urineanalysisandculture.

f. Oral pathology andmicrobiology: • Developmental disturbances of oral and para oral structures, regressive

changesofteeth,bacterial,viral,mycoticinfectionoforalcavity,dentalcaries, diseases of pulp and periapicaltissues, Physical and chemical injuries of oral cavity, Pathological lesions of hard and soft tissues of the orofacial regions like the cysts odontogenic infection, benign, malignant neoplasms, salivary gland diseases, maxillary sinus diseases and mucosal diseases, oral aspectsofvarioussystemicdiseases,RoleoflaboratoryinvestigationsinOral Surgery.

g. Pharmacology andtherapeutics: • Definition of terminology used, pharmacokinetics and pharmadynamics,

dosage and mode of administration of drugs, action and fate of drugs in the body,drugaddiction,toleranceandhypersensitivereactions,drugsactingon CNS, general and local anesthetics, antibiotics and analgesics, antiseptics, antitubercular, sialagogues, hematinics, antidiabetic, Vitamins A, B- complex,C,D,E,K.

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h. Computerscience • Useofcomputersinsurgery,componentsofcomputeranditsuseinpractice;

principles of word processing, spreadsheet, function database and presentations; internet and its use; value of computer based systems in biomedicalequipment.

Part II :

1. Oral and MaxillofacialSurgery: • Evolution ofMaxillofacial surgery. • Diagnosis,historytaking,clinicalexamination,investigations. • Informed consent/medico-legalissues. • Concept of essential drugs and rational use ofdrugs. • Communication skills with patients- understanding clarity in

communication, compassionate explanations and giving emotional support at the time of suffering andbereavement.

• Principles of surgical audit - understanding the audit of process and outcome. Methods adopted for the same basicstatistics.

• Principles of evidence bases surgery- understanding journal based literature study; the value of textbook, reference book articles, value of review articles; original articles and their critical assessment, understanding the value of retrospective, prospective, randomized control and blinded studies, understanding the principles and the meaning of various bio-statistical tests applied in thesestudies.

• Principles of surgery- developing a surgical diagnosis, basic necessities for surgery, aseptic techniques, incisions, flap designs, tissue handling, homeostasis, dead space management, decontamination and debridement, suturing,edemacontrol,patientgeneralhealthandnutrition.

• Medical emergencies - Prevention and management of altered, consciousness,sensitivityreaction,chestdiscomfort,respiratorydifficulty.

• Pre operative workup - Concept of fitness for surgery; basic medical work up; work up in special situation like diabetes renal failure, cardiac and respiratory illness; riskstratification

• Surgical sutures,drains • Post operative care- concept of recovery room care, Airway management,

Assessment of Wakefulness, management of cardiovascular instability in this period, Criteria for shifting to the ward, painmanagement.

• Wound management- Wound healing, factors influencing healing, basic surgical techniques, Properties of suture materials, appropriate use of sutures.

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• Surgical Infections - Asepsis and antisepsis, Microbiological principles, Rational use of antibiotics, special infections like Synergistic Gangrene and Diabeticfoot infection,HepatitisandHIVinfectionandcrossinfection.

• Airway obstruction/management - Anatomy of the airway, principles keeping the airway patent, mouth to mouth resuscitation, Oropharyngeal airway, endotracheal intubation, cricothyroidectomy,tracheostomy.

• Anesthesia - stages of Anesthesia, pharmacology of inhalation, intravenous and regional anesthetics, musclerelaxants.

• Facialpain;Facialpalsyandnerveinjuries. • Pain control - acute and chronic pain, cancer and non-cancer pain, patient

controlledanalgesia. • General patient management - competence in physical assessment of

patients of surgery, competence in evaluation of patients presenting with acute injury, particularly to maxillofacial region. Competence in the evaluation of management of patients foranesthesia.

• Clinicaloralsurgery-allaspectsofdento-alveolarsurgery. • Pre-prosthetic surgery - A wide range of surgical reconstructive

procedures in their hard and soft tissues of the edentulousjaws. • Temporomandibular joint disorders - TMJ disorders and their sequelae,

evaluation, assessment and management. It is preferable to be familiar with diagnostic and therapeutic arthroscopic surgeryprocedures.

• Tissue grafting - Understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in auto and heterogeneous tissuegrafting.

• Reconstructive oral and maxillofacial surgery - hard tissue and soft tissue soreconstruction.

• Anesthesia - Stages of anesthesia, pharmacology of inhalation, intravenous and regional anesthesia, musclerelaxants.

• Cyst and tumors of head and neck region and their management - including principlesoftumorsurgery,giantcelllesionofjawbones,fibroosseouslesion of jawlesions.

• Neurological disorders of maxillofacial region-diagnosis and managementof

• TrigeminalNeuralgia,MPDS,Bellspalsy,Frey’sSyndrome,Nerveinjuries. • Maxillofacialtrauma-basicprinciplesoftreatment,primarycare,diagnosis and

management of hard and soft tissue injuries, comprehensive management including polytraumapatients.

• Assessment of trauma-multiple injuries patients/closed abdominal and chest injuries/penetrating injuries, pelvic fractures, urological injuries, vascular injuries.

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• Orthognathic surgery - The trainee must be familiar with the assessment and correcting of jawdeformities.

• Laser surgery - The application of laser technology in the surgical treatment of lesions amenable to suchtherapy.

• Distractionosteogenesisinmaxillofacialregion. • Cryosurgeries - Principles, the application of cryosurgery, the surgical

management of lesions amenable to suchsurgeries. • Cleft lip and palate surgery- detailed knowledge of the development of the

face, head and neck, diagnosis and treatment planning, current concepts in the management of cleft lip and palate deformity, knowledge of nasal endoscopy and other diagnostic techniques. In the evaluation of speech and hearing, concept of multi-disciplinary teammanagement.

• Aesthetic facial surgery - detailed knowledge of structures of facial neck includingskinandunderlyingsofttissues,diagnosisandtreatmentplanning of deformities and conditions affecting facial kin, underlying facial muscles, bone,eyelids,externalearetc.surgicalmanagementofpostacnescaring,face lift,blepharoplasty,otoplasty,facialbonerecountouringetc.

• Craniofacial surgery - basic knowledge of developmental anomalies of face,headandneck,basicsconceptinthediagnosisandplanningofvarious head and neck anomalies including facial cleft, craniosynostosis, syndromes, etc., Current concepts in the management of craniofacial anomalies.

• Headandneckoncology-understandingoftheprinciplesofmanagementof head and neck oncology including various pre-cancerous lesions, experience in the surgical techniques of reconstruction following ablative surgery.

• Micro vascularsurgery. • Implantology - principles, surgical procedures for insertion of various

types ofimplants. • Maxillofacial radiology/radiodiagnosis • Otherdiagnosticmethodsandimagingtechniques • Regenerative Medicine: Stem cells, tissue engineering and its application in

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

2. Alliedspecialties: a. General medicine: General assessment of the patient including children with

specialemphasisoncardiovascular,endocrinal,metabolic,respiratoryandrenal diseases, blooddyscrasias.

b. General surgery: Principles of general surgery, exposure to common general surgicalprocedures.

c. Neuro-surgery:Evaluationofapatientwithheadinjury,examinationofvarious Neuro-surgicalprocedures

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d. ENT/Ophthalmology:Examinationofear,nosethroat,exposuretoENTsurgical procedures, ophthalmic examination and evaluation, exposure to ophthalmic surgicalprocedures.

e. Orthopedic: basic principles of orthopedic surgery, bone diseases and trauma as relevant to Maxillofacial surgery, interpretation of radiographs, CT, MRI andultrasonography.

f. Anesthesia: Evaluation of patients for GA techniques and management of emergencies, various IV sedationtechniques.

Academic Activities I Year:

1stTerm: a) Library assignmentproject b) Anatomy dissection inbatches c) Basic sciencesseminars d) Minor oralsurgery e) Selectionofdissertationtopic f) Selectionoflibrarydissertationtopic g) Attendinggrandwardroundsintheevening h) Preparation of synopsis and submission to the university as per calendar of

events.

2ndTerm: a) Medicalrotationintovariousdepartments b) Craniofacial unitpostings c) Ward and nightduties d) Naso-alveolarmoldingforcleftpatients

Examination of basic science paper: one paper of three hours of various basic science subjects: Human Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Microbiology, General Pathology, General Pharmacology, & Biostatistics.

II Year: Rotational postings in various Departments:

a) GeneralSurgery: 1month b) GeneralMedicine: 1month c) E.N.T: 1month

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d) CasualtyandEmergency: 1month e) Orthopaedics: 15days f) Pediatrics: 15days g) Neurosurgery: 2months h) Oncosurgery: 2months i) Oral &Maxillofacialunit: 1month j) Craniofacialunit: 1month k) GeneralAnaesthesia: 1month l)

a) General Surgery 1 month b) General Medicine 1 month c) E.N.T 1 month d) Casualty and Emergency 1 month

e) Orthopaedics 15 days

f) Paediatrics 15 days g) Neurosurgery 2 months h) Oncosurgery 2months i) Oral & Maxillofacial unit 1 month

j) Stem Cell Research Laboratory 15 days

k) Elective postings in any one of the below departments.

• Oncosurgery, • Neurosurgery, • Craniofacial surgery, • Plastic surgery.

1 month

o Advanced Trauma and Life Support (ATLS) Training o Submission of Library Dissertation.

III Year: a) Maxillofacial and craniofacial surgerypostings. b) O.T.postings c) SubmissionofDissertationin1sttermi.e.firstsixmonthsbeforefinalexamination to

theuniversity. d) PaperPublications e) Finalexaminationtotheuniversityattheendofthethirdyear.

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Clinical / Practical Work Sl.No Procedure Category Year Number

1 Injection I.M. and I.V. PI I, II 50, 20 2 Minor suturing and removal of sutures PI I NA 3 Incision & drainage of an abscess PI I 10 4 Surgical extraction PI I 15 5 Impacted teeth PI, PA I, II 20, 10 6 Pre prosthetic surgery- PI

a) corrective procedures PI I 15 b) ridge extension PA I, II 3 c) ridge reconstruction A II, III 3

7 OAF closure PI, PA I, II 3, 2 8 Cyst enuleation PI, PA I, II 5, 5 9 Mandibular fractures PI, PA I, II 10, 10 10 Peri-apical surgery PI, PA I 5 11 Infection management PI, PA I, II NA 12 Biopsy procedures PI I, II NA 13 Removal of salivary calculi PA I, II 3, 5 14 Benign tumors PA, A II, III 3, 3

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15 Mid face fractures PA, A II, III 3, 5 16 Implants PA, A II, III 5, 5 17 Tracheostomy PA, A II, III 2, 2 18 Skin grafts PA III 3, 5 19 Orthognathic surgery PA, A II, III 3 20 Harvesting bone & cartilage grafts PA

a. Iliac crest PI III 5 b. Rib A III 3 c. Calvarial A III 2 d. Fibula A,O III 2

21 T.M. Joint surgery PA, A II, I 1 22 Jaw resections PA, A III, II 3, 3 23 Onco surgery A, O III, III 3, 3 24 Micro vascular anastomosis A, O III 5, 10 25 Cleft lip & palate PA, A II, III 10,15 26 Distraction osteogenesis A, O II, III 2,3 27 Rhinoplasty A, O III 3,5 28 Access osteotomies and base of skull

Surgeries

A, O

III

1,3 29 Cleft surgeries (Secondary alveolar bone

grafting) PI III 5

University examination at the end of the third year. Note:

O: Observed A: Assisted

PA: Performed With Assistance

PI: Performed Independently

NA: Not Applicable

Scheme of Examination: A. Theory

PART-I Paper-I : Applied Basic Sciences: 100 marks Applied Anatomy, Physiology, & Biochemistry, Pathology, Microbiology, Pharmacology, Research Methodology and Biostatistics.

There shall be 10 Short Essay Questions of 10 marks each (Total of 100 Marks)

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PART-II Paper-I : Minor Oral Surgery andTrauma Paper-II : Maxillofacial Surgery Paper-III : Essays- Descriptive and analyzing type questions

Examination shall consist of Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III, each of three hours duration. Paper-I & Paper-II shall consist of two Long Essay questions carrying 25 marks each and five Short Essay Questions carrying 10 marks each. Paper-III will be on Essays. In Paper-III three Questions will be given and student has to answer any two questions. Each question carries 50 marks. Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all thepapers. Note :Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers. The topics assigned to the different papers are generally evaluated under those sections. However a strict division of the subject may not be possible and some overlapping of topics is inevitable. The candidate should be prepared to answer overlappingtopics.

Distribution of topics for each paper will be as follows:

Paper I : Minor Oral Surgery and Trauma : Principles of Surgery, Medical Emergencies, Examination and diagnosis, Haemorrhage and Shock, Exodontia, Impaction, Surgical Aids to Eruption of Teeth, Transplantation of teeth, Surgical Endodontics, Procedures to improve alveolar soft tissues, Infection of Head and Neck, Chronic infections, Maxillary Sinus, Cysts of Orofacial region, Neurologic disorders of the maxillofacial region, Implantology, Anesthesia, Dento-alveolar trauma, Surgical anatomy of Head and Neck, Etiology of maxillofacial injuries, Basic principles for treatment of trauma, Primary care in Trauma, Diagnosis- clinical & radiological, Soft tissue injury to Face and Scalp, Dento Alveolar Fractures, Mandibular Fractures, Fractures of Zygomatic Complex, Orbital fractures – Blow out fractures, Nasal bone fractures, Fractures of the Middle third of Facial skeleton, Ophthalmic Injuries, Traumatic injuries to Frontal sinus- diagnosis, classification, treatment, Maxillofacial injuries in Geriatric and pediatric patients, Gunshot wounds and war injuries, Osseo integration in Maxillofacial Reconstruction, Metabolic response to Trauma, Healing of Traumatic injuries, Nutritional consideration following Trauma, Tracheotomy.

Paper II: Maxillofacial Surgery :Salivary Glands, Temporomandibular Joint, Recurrent dislocations- Etiology and management, Oncology, Orthognathic Surgery, Maxillofacial Pathology, Laser Surgery, Cleft lip and palate surgery, Aesthetic facial surgery, Craniofacial Surgery, Regenerative medicine: Stem cells, tissue engineering and its application in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Paper III: Essays- Descriptive and analysing type questions

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B . Practical / Clinical Examination: In case of practical examination, it should be aimed at assessing competence and skills of techniques and procedures. It should

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also aim at testing student’s ability to make relevant and valid observations, interpretationandinferenceoflaboratoryorexperimentalorclinicalworkrelating tohis/hersubjectforundertakingindependentworkasaspecialist. The actual format of clinical examination in various specialities is given in Section III. The total marks for practical / clinical examination shall be 200. i. Minor oral surgery-100Marks: The minor oral surgical cases may include removal of impacted lower third molar cyst enucleation, any similar procedure where the candidate can exhibit his professional skills in raising the flap, removing the bone and suturing the wound. ii. Case history- 100 marks One long case- 60marks Two short cases-40 marks (20 marks each)

C. Viva Voce & Pedagogy: 100marks i. Viva Voce Examination: 80marks

Thevivavoceexaminationshallbeconductedbyapanelofexaminersappointed by the University. The examination is aimed at assessing the candidate’s comprehension, analytical approach, expression, interpretation of data and communicationskills.Itincludesallcomponentsofcoursecontents,presentation anddiscussiononthedissertation.

ii. Pedagogy Exercise: 20marks Atopicwillbegiventoeachcandidateatthebeginningoftheclinicalexamination. He/she is asked to make a presentation on the topic for 8-10minutes.

Reference Text Books and Learning Materials Text Books

1. Principles of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Larry J Peterson 3rdedition, Vol. 1 &2

2. Rowe & William’s Maxillofacial Injuries, N.L. Rowe & J.L.L Williams, 2ndedition, Vol. 1 &2

3. Oral &Maxillofacial Trauma, Raymond J. Fonseca, 4thedition, Vol.1 4. Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Raymond J. Fonseca 3rdedition, Vol. 1,2 &3 5. Textbook of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Neelima A. Mallik,4thedition,Vol.1 6. Surgical approaches to facial skeleton, Edward Ellis III &MichealF.Zide

2ndedition, Vol.1 7. Oral & Maxillofacial infections, Topazian, Goldberg &Hupp, 4thedition,Vol.1 8. Minor Oral Surgery, Geoffrey L. Howe, 3rdedition, Vol.1 9. Textbook of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery , Laskin, M. Daniel, 1ST edition, Vol.

1 &2

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10. Textbook of Plastic Surgery, Mc Carthy, 1ST edition, Vol.1-8 11. Textbook of Maxillofacial Surgery, Peter Ward Booth, Stephen A. Schendel,

Jarg Erich Haausamen, – 2ndedition, Vol 1 &2

Journal 1. International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, IJOMS – Elsevier

Publications. 2. British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, BJOMS – Elsevier

Publications. 3. Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, JOMS – ElsevierPublications 4. AsianJournalofOral&MaxillofacialSurgery,AJOMS–ElsevierPublications 5. Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery, AMS – MedknowPublications 6. Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery – SpringerPublications 7. OralSurgery,OralMedicine,OralPathology,OralRadiology,OOO–Elsevier

Publications. *****

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Specialty: ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY

Program Code: 23DENT07D

PROGRAM OUTCOMES At the end of the program, graduates will be able to...

1. Demonstrate comprehensive knowledge of the applied anatomy of the face and

oral cavity, the physiologic processes, pathologic processes and pharmacological applications.

2. Describe the etiopathogenesis, clinical and radiographic manifestations, investigations, differential diagnosis and management of oro-facial disorders, systemic diseases and maxillo-facialtrauma.

3. Discuss the dental considerations and management of medically compromised patients and patients with special needs.

4. Explaintheclinicalandradiographicfeatures,investigations,differentialdiagnosis and management of various syndromes affecting the head andneck.

5. Discuss the evolution of radiology, physics, biologic effects, protection measures, principles and procedures of conventional and advanced imaging of the head and neck.

6. Outline the principles, clinical and radiographic aspects of Forensicodontology. 7. Demonstrate a working knowledge of the medico-legal aspects while handling

patients in the dental clinic. 8. Diagnose, prevent and manage diseases affecting the oral and para-oral structures

through established standard protocols by evaluation of the patient’s dental and medical history, systemic examination and investigations.

9. Communicate effectively and empathetically with patients and explain the disease process, treatment strategies and obtain informedconsent.

10. Undertake the conventional and advanced radiographic procedures for diagnosing oralandmaxillofacialdisordersthroughsystematicradiographicinterpretationand drafting ofreport.

11. Exhibit clinical knowledge through lectures, case presentations, seminars and scientific paperpresentations.

12. Demonstrate research skills, conduct research in collaborative teams, manage research projects on a scale appropriate to an early career researcher in the discipline and develop and participate in researchnetworks.

13. Apply the principles of an evidence based approach to learning, clinical and professional practice and decision making.

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14. Demonstrate high moral and ethical standards while carrying out clinical and radiographic examinations and demonstrate clinical maturity with a professional attitude towards patients andcolleagues.

15. Employ and undertake research through literature search of scientific journals and apply the established evidence in managementstrategies.

16. Demonstrate ability to refine current knowledge and skillsregularly. 17. Undertake health promotion, disease prevention and provision of health care

in thecommunity.

Objectives: At the end of 3 years of training, the post graduate should be able to acquire -

Knowledge: Theoretical, Clinical and practical knowledge of all mucosal lesions, diagnostic procedures pertaining to them and latest information of imaging techniques.

Skills: Three important skills need to be developed.

• Diagnosticskillinidentificationoforallesionsandtheirmedicalmanagement • Enhancingresearchskillsinhandlingscientificproblemspertainingtodentaltreatment/

management • ClinicalandDidacticskillsinencouragingyoungerdoctorstoattainlearningobjectives

Attitudes:

• Todevelopthepositivementalattitude • Todevelopthepositivemindsetandtobeopenandwillingtoshareknowledgeand

tohavemultidisciplinaryapproachwithalliedmedicalspecialities. • Todevelopvisionandtheabilitytowidenthescopeofthesubjectinthefastchanging world.

Course content Part I : Paper I: Applied Basic Sciences Applied Anatomy 1. Gross anatomy of theface:

• Muscles of Facial Expression and Muscles ofMastication • Facialnerve • Facialartery

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• Facialvein • Parotidglandanditsrelations

2. Neckregion: • TrianglesoftheneckwithspecialreferencetoCarotid,Digastrictrianglesand

midlinestructures • Fascialspaces • Carotid system of arteries, Vertebral Artery, and Subclavianarteries

3. Jugularsystem • Internaljugular • Externaljugular

4. Lymphaticdrainage 5. Cervical plane andfascia 6. Muscles derived from Pharyngealarches 7. Infratemporal fossa indetail 8. Temporomandibular joint anddevelopment 9. Endocrineglands

• Pituitary 10. Sympatheticchain 11. Cranial nerves- V, VII, IX, XI, &XII 12. Exocrine and Endocrineglands

• Parotid • Thyroid • Parathyroid

13. OralCavity: • Vestibule and oral cavityproper • Tongue andteeth • Palate - soft andhard

14. NasalCavity • Nasalseptum • Lateral wall of nasalcavity • Paranasal airsinuses

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15. Pharynx • Grosssalientfeaturesofbrainandspinalcordwithreferencestoattachmentof

cranial nerves to the brainstem • DetailedstudyofthecranialnervenucleiofV,VII,IX,XXI,XII • Osteology:Comparativestudyoffetalandadultskull • Mandible:Development;ossification,agechangesandevaluationofmandible

indetail

Embryology 1. Development of face, palate, nasal septum and nasal cavity, paranasal airsinuses 2. Pharyngealapparatusindetailincludingtheflooroftheprimitivepharynx 3. Development of tooth in detail and the agechanges 4. Development of salivaryglands 5. Congenitalanomaliesoffacemustbedealtindetail.

• Histology: a. Studyofepitheliumoforalcavityandtherespiratorytract b. Connectivetissue c. Musculartissue d. Nervoustissue e. Bloodvessels f. Cartilage g. Bone andtooth h. Tongue i. Salivaryglands j. Tonsil,thymus,lymphnodes

Physiology: 1. GeneralPhysiology:

• Cell • Body FluidCompartments • Classification • Composition • Cellulartransport • RMP and actionpotential

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Muscle Nerve Physiology: 1. Structure of a neuron and properties of nervefibers 2. Structure of muscle fibers and properties of musclefibers 3. Neuromusculartransmission 4. Mechanism of musclecontraction

Blood: 1. RBC andHb 2. WBC - Structure and functions 3. Platelets - functions and appliedaspects 4. Plasmaproteins 5. BloodCoagulationwithappliedaspects 6. Bloodgroups 7. Lymph and appliedaspects

Respiratory System:

• Air passages, composition of air, dead space, mechanics of respiration with pressure and volumechanges

• Lung volumes and capacities and appliedaspects • Oxygen and carbon dioxidetransport • Neural regulation ofrespiration • Chemicalregulationofrespiration • Hypoxia, effects of increased barometric pressure and decreased

barometricpressure

Cardio-Vascular System: • CardiacCycle • Regulationofheartrate/Strokevolume/cardiacoutput/bloodflow • Regulation of bloodpressure • Shock,hypertension,cardiacfailure

Gastro - intestinaltract: Composition, functions and regulation of

• Saliva • Gastricjuice • Pancreaticjuice

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• Bileandintestinaljuice • Mastication anddeglutition

Excretory system:

• Renal functiontests • Nephritis

Endocrine system:

• Hormones-classificationandmechanismofaction • Hypothalamicandpituitaryhormones • Thyroidhormones • Parathyroid hormones and calciumhomeostasis. • Pancreatichormones • Adrenalhormones

Central Nervous System:

• Ascending tract with special references to painpathway

Biochemistry: 1. Carbohydrates - Disaccharides specifically maltose, lactose,sucrose

• Digestionofstarch/absorptionofglucose

• Metabolismofglucose,specificallyglycolysis,TCAcycle,gluconeogenesis • Blood sugarregulation

• Glycogen storageregulation • Glycogen storagediseases

• Galactosemia andfructosemia

2. Lipids

• Fatty acids- Essential/nonessential • Metabolismoffattyacids-oxidation,ketonebodyformation,utilizationketosis • Outline of cholesterol metabolism- synthesis and products formed from

cholesterol 3. Protein

• Aminoacids-essential/nonessential,complete/incompleteproteins • Transamination/Deamination(Definitionwithexamples) • Ureacycle

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• Tyrosine-Hormonessynthesizedfromtyrosine • Inbornerrorsofaminoacidmetabolism • Methionine andtransmethylation

4. NucleicAcids

• Purines/Pyrimidines • Purine analogs inmedicine • DNA/RNA - Outline ofstructure • Transcription/translation • Steps of proteinsynthesis • Inhibitorsofproteinsynthesis • Regulation of genefunction

5. Minerals • Calcium/Phosphorusmetabolismspecificallyregulationofserumcalciumlevels • Ironmetabolism • Iodinemetabolism • Trace elements innutrition.

6. EnergyMetabolism • Basal metabolicrate

• Specific dynamic action (SDA) offoods 7. Vitamins

Mainlythesevitaminsandtheirmetabolicrole-specificallyvitaminA,vitaminB complex(Thiamin,Riboflavin,Niacin,Pyridoxine),VitaminC,VitaminD,Vitamin E, VitaminK.

Pathology: 1. Inflammation:

• Repair and regeneration, necrosis and gangrene • Roleofcomplementsysteminacuteinflammation • Roleofarachidonicacidanditsmetabolitesinacuteinflammation • Growthfactorsinacuteinflammation • Roleofmoleculareventsincellgrowthandintercellularsignalingcellsurface

receptors • RoleofNSAIDSininflammation • Cellularchangesinradiationinjuryanditsmanifestations

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2. Homeostasis • RoleofEndotheliuminthrombogenesis • Arterial and venousthrombi • Disseminated IntravascularCoagulation

3. Shock Pathogenesis of hemorrhagic, neurogenic, septic, cardiogenic shock, circulatory disturbances, ischemic hyperemia, venous congestion, edema, infarction

4. ChromosomalAbnormalities: • Marfan’ssyndrome • Ehlers DanlosSyndrome • Fragile XSyndrome

5. Hypersensitivity: • Anaphylaxis • Type IIHypersensitivity • Type IIIHypersensitivity • CellmediatedReactionanditsclinicalimportance • Systemic LupusErythematosus • Infection and infectivegranulomas

6. Neoplasia: • Classification ofTumors • Carcinogenesis&Carcinogens-Chemical,ViralandMicrobial • GradingandStagingofCancer,tumorangiogenesis,ParaneoplasticSyndromes • Spread oftumor • Characteristicsofbenignandmalignanttumors

7. Others: • Sex linkedagammaglobulinemia • AIDS • ManagementofImmunedeficiencypatientsrequiringsurgicalprocedures • DiGeorgeSyndrome • Ghon’scomplex, post primary pulmonary tuberculosis - pathology and

pathogenesis

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Pharmacology: • Definitionofterminologiesused • Dosageandmodeofadministrationofdrugs • Action and fate of drugs in thebody • Drugs acting on theCNS • Drugaddiction,toleranceandhypersensitivereactions • Generalandlocalanesthetics,hypnotics,analepticsand&tranquilizers • Chemotherapeutics andantibiotics • Analgesics andAntipyretics • Antiviral, AntifungalDrugs • Anti-tubercularandanti-syphiliticdrugs • Antiseptics,sialogogues,andanti-sialogogues • Haematinics • Anti -diabetics • Vitamins - A B Complex, C, D. E.K • Corticosteroids

Biostatistics: • Sampling, • Centraltendency, • Measures ofvariation, • Graphic representation ofdata, • Tests ofsignificance.

Part II : Paper I: Oral And Maxillofacial Radiology

• Historyofradiology,structureofX-raytube,productionofX-ray,properties ofx-rays

• Biologicaleffectsofradiation • Filtration,collimation,gridsandunitsofradiation • Filmsandrecordingmedia • Projectiongeometry • Processingofimageinradiology

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• DesignofX-raydepartment,darkroomanduseofautomaticprocessingunits • Localizationbyradiographictechniques • Faultsofdentalradiographsandconceptofidealradiograph • Qualityassuranceandauditindentalradiology • Extra – oral imagingtechniques • OPG and other radiographictechniques • AdvancedimagingtechniqueslikeCTScan,MRI,Ultrasonography • CBCTanditsdentalapplications • Radio nucleotideimaging • Radiotherapy • Contrastradiographyinsalivarygland,TMJ,andotherradiolucentpathologies • RadiationprotectionandICRPguidelines • Art of radiographic report writing and descriptors preferred inreports • Radiographicdifferentialdiagnosisofradiolucent,radioopaqueandmixedlesions • Digitalradiologyanditsadvantages • Trauma Radiology

Classification of Maxillofacial Trauma Conventional and advanced imaging in Maxillofacial Trauma

• Implant Radiology Conventional and Advanced imaging in Implant Assessment

Assessment of complications

Paper II: Oral Medicine, Therapeutics and Laboratory investigations • Methodsofclinicaldiagnosisoforalandsystemicdiseasesasapplicabletooral

tissuesincludingmoderndiagnostictechniques • Laboratory investigations including special investigations of oral and oro- facial

diseases • Teethinlocalandsystemicdiseases,congenital,andhereditarydisorders • Oral manifestations of systemicdiseases • Oro - facialpain • Psychosomatic aspects of oraldiseases • Management of medically compromised patients including medical emergencies

in the dentalchair • CongenitalandHereditarydisordersinvolvingtissuesoforo-facialregion

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• Systemic diseases due to oral foci ofinfection • Hematological, Dermatological, Metabolic, Nutritional, &Endocrinal conditions

with oralmanifestations • Neuromuscular diseases affecting oro-facialregion • Salivary glanddisorders

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• Tongue in oral and systemicdiseases • TMJ dysfunction anddiseases • Conceptofimmunityasrelatedtooro-faciallesions,includingAIDS • Cysts and Neoplasms of oralcavity • Fibro - osseouslesions • Oral changes in Osteo - dystrophies and chondro -dystrophies • Premalignantandmalignantlesionsoforo-facialregion • Allergyandothermiscellaneousconditions • Therapeuticsinoralmedicine-clinicalpharmacology • Forensicodontology • Computersinoraldiagnosisandimaging • Evidence based oral care in treatmentplanning • Molecularbiology. • Lasers in Oral Medicine

Applications of Lasers in Oral Mucosal Lesions

Clinical / Project Work I Year: 1. Examination ofPatient

Detailed Casehistoryrecordings -200 FNAC&Biopsy - 10each

Observe, Assist &Perform under supervision 2. Intra - oral radiographs: Performandinterpret -200 II Year: 1. Dentaltreatmenttomedicallycompromisedpatients

Observe, assist, and perform undersupervision 2. Extra-oralradiographs,digitalradiography-200

Observe, assist and perform undersupervision 3. Givingintra-muscularandintravenousinjections 4. Administrationofoxygenandlifesavingdrugstothepatients 5. Performing basic CPR and certification by RedCross 6. Posting in Medical departments:

-Mandatory Posting for 2 weeks each in General Medicine and Radio diagnosis

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- Mandatory Posting for 1 week in Oncology - Elective Posting for 1 week each in ENT and Dermatology

III Year All the above procedures • Performedindependently • Case history:Routinecases -200

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• InterestingCases -50 • Intra -oralRadiographs -200 • Periapicalview -100 • Bitewingview -50 • Occlusalview -50 • Extra-oralradiographs/specializedtechniquesofdifferentviews -200 Monitoring Learning Process It is essential to monitor the learning process of each candidate through continuous appraisal and regular assessment. It not only helps teachers to evaluate, but alsohelps students to evaluate themselves. The monitoring is to be done by the staff of the department based on participation of students in various teaching/learning activities. It is structured and assessment is to be doneperiodically. Attendance: 80% attendance is required during each academic year of the postgraduate course. Every candidate shall maintain a work diary and log book for recording his/her participation in the training programmes conducted by the department the work diary and log book shall be verified and certified by the Head of the Department and the Head of the Institution. The certification of satisfactory progress is based on the work diary and log book.

Scheme of Examinations: A. Theory:

PART-I Paper-I : Applied Basic Sciences: 100 marks Applied Anatomy, Physiology, and Biochemistry, Pathology, Microbiology, Pharmacology, Research Methodology and Biostatistics

There shall be 10 Short Essay Questions of 10 marks each (Total of 100 Marks)

Part-II Paper-I : Oral and MaxillofacialRadiology Paper-II : Oral Medicine, therapeutics and laboratory investigations Paper-III: Essays- Descriptive and analysing type questions

Examination shall consist of Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III, each of three hours duration. Paper-I & Paper-II shall consist of two Long Essay Questions carrying 25 marks each and Five Short Essay Questions carrying 10 marks each. Paper-III will be onEssays.InPaper-IIIthreeQuestionswillbegivenandstudenthastoanswerany

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two questions. Each question carries 50 marks. Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers.

Note :Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers. The topics assigned to the different papers are generally evaluated under those sections. However a strict division of the subject may not be possible and some overlapping of topics is inevitable. The candidate should be prepared to answer overlappingtopics.

B. Practical/ Clinical Examination: 200marks

Clinical Case Presentation 2Spotters 2x10=20marks 2ShortCases 2x15=30marks 1LongCase 1x50=50marks

Total = 100marks

Radiology Exercise I. A) One intraoral radiograph:10marks 1x10=10marks

B) One Occlusal radiograph:30marks 1x30=30marks II. Two ExtraOralRadiographs: 2x30=60 marks

Includingtechniqueandinterpretation

Total = 100marks C. Viva Voce & Pedagogy: 100marks i. Viva Voce Examination: 80marks

The viva voce examination shall be conducted by a panel of examiners appointed bytheUniversity.Theexaminationisaimedtoassessthecandidate’scomprehension, analyticalapproach,expression,interpretationofdataandcommunicationskills.It includesallcomponentsofcoursecontentsandpresentationanddiscussiononthe dissertation.

ii. Pedagogy Exercise: 20marks Atopicwillbegiventoeachcandidateatthebeginningoftheclinicalexamination. He/she is asked to make a presentation on the topic for 8-10minutes.

Reference Text Books and Learning Materials Text Books of Oral Medicine

1. Principles and Interpretation : Stuart White, Michael, Pharoah, 1stEdition, A South AsiaEdition

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2. Diagnostic Imaging of the jaws: Robert P. Langlais, Olaf E. Langland, ChristoffelNortj, 1stEdition

3. Principles and Interpretation, Paul W. Goaz, Stuart C. White. 3rdEdition

Text Books of Oral Radiology 1 Principles and Techniques. JoenIannucci Haring, Joen M. Iannucci, laura

Jansen, Laura Jansen Howerton, 5thEdition 2 Differential Diagnosis of Oral and Maxillofacial Lesion. Norman K.Wood,

Paul W. Goaz, 5thEdition.

List of Journals: 1. Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine &Radiology 2. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and OralRadiology 3. Journal of Oral & MaxillofacialRadiology 4. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, OralPathology 5. Indian Journal of Forensic DentalSciences 6. Journal of Oral Pathology andMedicine

*****

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Speciality: ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL PATHOLOGY AND ORAL MICROBIOLOGY

Program Code :23DENT06D

PROGRAM OUTCOMES At the end of the program, graduates will be able to...

1. Apply the basic knowledge of both general and oral pathology in dealing with the

nature of oral diseases, their causes, processes andeffects. 2. Perform routine histopathological evaluation of specimens relating to oral and

perioral tissues, including principles of histochemistry, Immunochemistry, applied and theoretical biochemical basis ofhistochemistry.

3. Plan and administer the routine diagnostic procedures including hematological, cytological, microbiological, Immunological and ultra structuralinvestigations.

4. Demonstrate the current research methodology, collection and interpretation ofdata, ability to carry out research projects on clinical and or epidemiologicalaspects.

5. Write scientific papers and Update knowledge on current databases, automated data retrieval systems andreferencing.

6. Demonstrate the scientific data pertaining to the field and present it in conferences both as poster and verbal presentations and take part in groupdiscussions.

7. Recognize the pathology of oral tissues as well as relation of local pathologic and clinical findings to systemicconditions.

8. Applybasicoralmicrobiologyandtheirrelationshiptovariousbranchesofdentistry affecting hard and softtissues.

9. Describe the basics in Forensic Odontology and ability to apply it in medicolegal issues.

10. Demonstrate and practice integrity, responsibility, respect andselflessness. 11. Examine and interpret gross tissuespecimens. 12. Interpret pathologic cellular change microscopically and group diseases of similar

histologic patterns in order to arrive at a differential diagnosis and ultimately to a final diagnosis.

13. Provide a pathology report with final diagnosis and communicate effectively about it with the contributingclinician.

14. Read, interpret, and critically evaluate the oral and maxillofacial pathology literature.

15. Communicate effectively and sensitively with patients, care-givers, colleagues, clinicians, surgeons and the public in a manner that will improve health care outcomes.

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Objectives: • Totrainapostgraduatedentalsurgeonsoastoensurehighercompetenceinboth

generalandspecialpathologydealingwiththenatureoforaldiseases,theircauses, processes andeffects.

• Anoralpathologistisexpectedtoperformroutinehistopathologicalevaluationof specimens relating to oral and perioral tissues, to carry out routine diagnostic proceduresincludinghematological,cytological,microbiological,Immunologicaland ultra structuralinvestigations.

• He/she is expected to have an understanding of current research methodology, collectionandinterpretationofdata,abilitytocarryoutresearchprojectsonclinical and or epidemiological aspects, a working knowledge on current databases, automateddataretrievalsystems,referencingandskillinwritingscientificpapers.

• He/sheisexpectedtopresentscientificdatapertainingtothefield,inconferences both as poster and verbal presentations and to take part in groupdiscussions.

Broad Outline of the Courses

• Studyofprinciplesofroutineandspecialtechniquesusedforhistopathologyincluding principlesofhistochemistry,Immunochemistry,appliedandtheoreticalbiochemical basisofhistochemistryasrelatedtooralpathology.

• Advancedhistologicalandhistopathologicalstudyofdentalandoraltissuesincluding embryonic considerations, clinical considerations, biology, histology, Pathology, prognosisandmanagementoforaloncology,Conceptsoforalpremalignancy

• Study of special and applied pathology of oral tissues as well as relation of local pathologicandclinicalfindingstosystemicconditions.

• Oralmicrobiologyandtheirrelationshiptovariousbranchesofdentistry. • Oral microbiology affecting hard and soft tissues. Study of clinical changes and

theirsignificancetodentalandoraldiseasesasrelatedtooralpathology • ForensicOdontology • Inter institutional postings such as cancer hospital, dermatology clinics, regional

HIVdetectioncenters,sophisticatedinstrumentationcentersforelectronmicroscopy and othertechniques.

• Maintenance of records of all postgraduate’sactivities. • Libraryassignment. • UniversityDissertation.

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Course Contents: Part I : Applied Basic Sciences I Year 1) Biostatistics and ResearchMethodology:

• Basicprinciplesofbiostatisticsandstudyasappliedtodentistryandresearch • Collection/organization of data/measurement scales presentation of data and

analysis. • Measures of centraltendency. • Measures ofvariability. • Samplingandplanningofhealthsurvey. • Probability,normaldistributionandindicativestatistics. • Estimating populationvalues. • Tests of significance (parametric/non-parametric qualitativemethods.) • Analysis ofvariance • Association,correlationandregression.

2) AppliedGrossAnatomyofHeadandNeckIncludingHistology: • Temporomandibularjoint • Trigeminal nerve and facialnerve • Muscles ofmastication • Tongue • Salivaryglands • Nerve supply; blood supply, lymphatic drainage and venous drainage of Oro

dentaltissues. • Embryology

- Developmentofface,palate,mandible,maxilla,tongueandappliedaspects of thesame

- Development of teeth and dental tissues and developmental defects of oral andmaxillofacialregionandabnormalitiesofteeth

• Maxillarysinus • Jaw muscles and facialmuscles.

Genetics: Introduction modes of inheritance, chromosomal anomalies of oral tissues and single gene disorders.

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3) Physiology (General andOral): • Saliva • Pain

• Mastication • Taste

• Deglutition

• Woundhealing

• Vitamins(Influenceongrowth,developmentandstructureoforalsoftandhard tissues and paraoraltissues.)

• Calciummetabolism.

• Theories ofmineralization.

• Tootheruptionandshedding. • Hormones. (Influence on growth, development and structure of oral soft and

hard tissues and para oraltissues.) • Bloodanditsconstituents.

4) CellBiology: • Cell-structureandfunction(ultrastructuralandmolecularaspects),intercellular

junctions,cellcycleanddivision,cellcycleregulators,cell-cellandcell-extra cellular matrixinteractions.

• Detailed molecular aspects of DNA, RNA, and intracellular organelles, transcriptionandtranslationandmolecularbiologytechniques.

5) GeneralHistology: LightandelectronmicroscopyconsiderationsofEpithelialtissuesandsalivaryglands, bone, hematopoietic system, lymphatic system, muscle, neural tissue, endocrinal system(thyroid,pituitary,parathyroid)

6) Biochemistry: • Chemistryofcarbohydrates,lipidsandproteins. • Methodsofidentificationandpurification. • Metabolismofcarbohydrates,lipidsandproteins. • Biologicaloxidation. • Various techniques - cell fractionation and ultra filtration, centrifugation,

Electrophoresis,Spectrophotometry,andradioactivetechniques.

7) GeneralPathology: • Inflammationandchemicalmediators,thrombosis,embolism,necrosis,repair,

degeneration, shock, hemorrhage pathogenic mechanisms at molecular level and blood dyscrasias, Carcinogenesis andNeoplasia.

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8) GeneralMicrobiology: • Definitionsofvarioustypesofinfections. • Routes of infection andspread • Sterilization,disinfectionandantiseptics. • Bacterialgenetics. • Physiologyandgrowthofmicroorganisms.

9) BasicImmunology: • Basicprinciplesofimmunity,antigenandantibodyreactions. • CellmediatedimmunityandHumoralimmunity. • Immunology ofhypersensitivity. • Immunologicalbasisoftheautoimmunephenomena. • Immunodeficiencywithrelevancetoopportunisticinfections. • Basicprinciplesoftransplantationandtumorimmunity.

10) Systemic Microbiology/AppliedMicrobiology: Morphology, classification, pathogenicity, mode of transmission, methods of prevention,collectionandtransportofspecimen,forlaboratorydiagnosis,staining methods,commonculturemedia,interpretationoflaboratoryreportsandantibiotic sensitivitytests. • Staphylococci • Streptococci • Corynebacteriumdiphtheria • Mycobacteria • Clostridia, bacteroides andfusobacteria • Actinomycetales • Spirochetes

Virology: • General properties: structure, broad classification of viruses, pathogenesis,

pathologyofviralinfections. • Herpes virus: list of viruses included, lesions produced, pathogenesis, latency

principlesandlaboratorydiagnosis. • Hepatitis virus: list of viruses, pathogenesis, and mode of infection, list of

diagnostictests,andtheirinterpretations,methodsofpreventionandcontrol. • Human Immunodeficiency virus: structure with relevance to laboratory diagnosis,

typeofinfection,laboratorytestsandtheirinterpretation,universalprecautions, specific precautionsandrecenttrendsindiagnosisandprophylaxis.

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Mycology: • General properties of fungi, classification bases on disease, superficial,

subcutaneous,deepopportunisticinfections. • General principles of fungal infections, diagnosis rapid diagnosis method of

collectionofsampleandexaminationforfungi. 11) Oral Biology (Oral and DentalHistology):

• Structureandfunctionoforal,dentalandpara-oraltissuesincludingtheirultra structure, molecular and biochemicalaspects.

• Studyofmorphologyofpermanentanddeciduousteeth(Lecturesandpractical demonstrations to be given by PGstudents)

12) Basic Molecular Biology andTechniques: Experimental aspects - DNA extraction, PCR, western blotting.

13) Basic HistoTechniques andMicroscopy: • Routinehematologicaltestsandclinicalsignificanceofthesame.

• Biopsy procedures for orallesions.

• Processing of tissues for Paraffinlesions.

• Microtome and principles ofmicrotomy.

• Routinestains,principlesandtheoriesofstainingtechniques

• Microscope,principlesandtheoriesofmicroscopy.

• Lightmicroscopyandvariousothertypesincludingelectronmicroscopy.

• Methodsoftissuepreparationforgroundsections,decalcifiedsections.

Part II: II Year Oral Pathology

• Developmental defects of oral and maxillofacial region and abnormalities of teeth

• Dental caries (Introduction, Epidemiology, microbiology, cariogenic bacterial including properties, acid production in plaque, development of lesion, response ofdentine-pulpunit,histopathology,rootcaries,sequelaeandimmunology).

• Pulpal and Periapicaldiseases • InfectionsoforalandParaoralregions(bacterial,viralandfungalinfections) • Non-neoplasticdisordersofsalivaryglands • Bonepathology • Hematologicaldisorders

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• Physicalandchemicalinjuries,allergicandImmunologicaldiseases. • Cystsofodontogenicorigin • Dermatologicdiseases. • Periodontaldiseases • Oral manifestations of systemicdiseases • FacialpainandneuromusculardisordersincludingTMJdisorders • Regressive alterations ofteeth

Clinical Pathology:

• Laboratoryinvestigations-Hematology,MicrobiologyandUrineanalysis • PostingstoClinicalPathologyforrelevanttraining • Record book to bemaintained.

Specialized Histo techniques and Special Stains:

• Specialstainingtechniquesfordifferenttissues. • Immunohistochemistry • Preparation of frozen sections and cytological smears

Recording of Case History and Clinico Pathological Discussions: Dermatology: Study of selected mucocutaneous lesions-etiopathogenesis, pathology, clinical presentation and diagnosis. Oral Oncology: DetailedstudyincludingPathogenesis,molecularandbiochemicalchangesofvarious tumors,tumorlikelesionsandPremalignantlesionsaffectingthehardandsofttissues of oral and paraoral tissues. Tumourmarkers Oral Microbiology and Immunology:

• NormalOralmicrobialflora

• Defense mechanism of the oralcavity

• MicrobiologyandimmunologyofDentalcariesandPeriodontaldiseases

• Dental caries (Introduction, epidemiology, microbiology, cariogenic bacteria including

• properties,acidproductioninplaque,developmentoflesion,responseofdentin- pulpunit,histopathology,rootcaries,sequelaeandimmunology)

• Tumorimmunology

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• InfectionsofPulpandPeriapicalandperiodontaltissues

• Oral sepsis andBacteremia

• Microbialgenetics

• InfectionsoforalandParaoralregions(bacterial,viralandfungalinfections) Forensic Odontology: Legal procedures like inquest, medico-legal evidences post mortem examination of violence around mouth and neck, identification of deceased individual-dental importance. Bite marks rugae patterns and lip prints.

Posting to a Cancer center to familiarize with the pathological appearances, diagnosis and radio-diagnosis and treatment modalities

Practical exercise in Forensic Odontology for age estimation, rugae pattern analysis, lip prints, bite mark analysis using available dental records, extracted teeth, cast and radiographs. Histopathology - Slide Discussion: Laboratory Techniques and Diagnosis:

• Routinehematologicaltestsandclinicalsignificanceofthesame

• Biopsy procedures for orallesions

• Processing of tissues for Paraffinsections

• Microtomeandprinciplesofmicrotomy

• Routinestains,principlesandtheoriesofstainingtechniques

• Microscope,principlesandtheoriesofmicroscopy • Lightmicroscopyandvariousothertypesincludingelectronmicroscopy

• Methodsoftissuepreparationforgroundsections,decalcifiedsections.

• Specialstainsandstainingtechniquesfordifferenttissues

• Immunohistochemistry

• Preparation of frozen sections and cytologicalsmears

• Elective Posting in Forensic Odontology Stem cell lab Advanced Research

Centre

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Other Topics in Oral Pathology. • Detaileddescriptionofdiseasesaffectingoralmucosa,teeth,supportingtissues

&jaws

• Cysts of the oral & Para-oralregions

• Systemic diseases affecting oral cavity.

Experimental Aspects of Oral Diseases: Posting in Centers where animal experimentation is carried out to familiarize with laboratory techniques, upkeep & care of experimental animals. Recent Advances in Oral Pathology

III Year

• Non-neoplasticdisordersofsalivaryglands.

• Bonepathology

• Physicalandchemicalinjuries,allergicandImmunologicaldiseases.

• Cystsofodontogenicorigin

• Oral manifestations of systemicdiseases

Scheme of Examination: A. Theory: Part-I

Paper-I : Applied Basic Sciences: 100 marks

Applied anatomy, Physiology (General and oral), Cell Biology, General Histology, Biochemistry, General Pathology, General and Systemic Microbiology, Virology, Mycology,BasicImmunology,OralBiology(oralanddentalhistology),Biostatistics and ResearchMethodology

There shall be 10 Short Essay Questions of 10 marks each (Total of 100 Marks)

Part-II

Paper-I : Oral pathology, Oral Microbiology and Immunology and Forensic

Odontology

Paper-II : Laboratory techniques and Diagnosis and Oral Oncology

Paper-III : Essays- Descriptive and analysing type questions

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Examination shall consist of Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III, each of three hours duration. Paper-I & Paper-II shall consist of two long Essay Questions carrying 25 marks each and Five Short Essay Questions carrying 10 marks each. Paper-III will be on Essays. In Paper-III three Questions will be given and student has to answer any two questions. Each question carries 50 marks. Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all thepapers.

Note :Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers. The topics assigned to the different papers are generally evaluated under those sections. However a strict division of the subject may not be possible and some overlapping of topics is inevitable. The candidate should be prepared to answer overlappingtopics.

B. Practical/Clinical - 200Marks

1. CasePresentation a) Longcase - 20 marks b) Shortcase - 10 marks 2. Clinical presentation (anytwoinvestigations) - 20 Marks Hb%,bleedingtime,clottingtime,TotalWBCcount,DifferentialWBCcountand ESR

3. SmearPresentation - 20 marks Cytology or microbial smear and staining

4. Paraffin sectioning and H &EStaining - 30Marks 5. Histopathologyslidediscussion -100Marks

C. Viva Voce & Pedagogy: 100marks i. Viva Voce Examination: 80marks

The viva voce examination shall be conducted by a panel of examiners appointed bytheUniversity.Theexaminationisaimedtoassessthecandidate’scomprehension, analyticalapproach,expression,interpretationofdataandcommunicationskills.It includesallcomponentsofcoursecontentsandpresentationanddiscussiononthe dissertation.

ii. Pedagogy Exercise: 20marks Atopicwillbegiventoeachcandidateatthebeginningoftheclinicalexamination. He/she is asked to make a presentation on the topic for 8-10minutes.

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Reference Text Books and Learning Materials Text Books

1. Shafer's Textbook of Oral Pathology, B Sivapathasundharam, 8thEdition 2. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology:, Brad Neville, Douglas D. Damm, Carl

Allen, Angela Chi, 1st South AsiaEdition 3. Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology:, George P. Wysocki, J. Philip

Sapp, and Lewis R Eversole, 2ndedition, 4. Oral Pathology Clinical Pathologic Correlations, Joseph Regezi, James Sciubba,

Richard Jordan, 7thEdition 5. Surgical Pathology of the Salivary Glands, Gary L. Ellis, Paul L. Auclair, and

Douglas R.Gnepp. 6. OdontogenicTumours and Allied Lesions , Peter A. Reichart, Hans

PeterPhilipsen 7. Cysts of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions: Mervyn Shear &Paul Speight,

4thedition

Journals 1. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology(OOOO) 2. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine (J Oral Pathol Med) Published

by International Association of Oral Pathologists, American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, British Society for Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, British Society for OralMedicine

3. OralOncology:AJournalrelatedtoHead&NeckOncologyOfficialJournalof the European Association of Oral Medicine, International Association of Oral Pathologists.

4. JournalofOralDisease:LeadinginOral,Maxillofacial,Head&NeckMedicine

*****

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Speciality: ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS

Program Code: 23DENT09D

PROGRAM OUTCOMES

At the end of the program, graduates will be able to...

1. Apply the Knowledge of basic medical sciences relevant to the practice of Orthodontics.

2. DiagnosetheabnormalgrowthanddevelopmentpatternsofDento-facialskeletal and soft tissue structures along with their etiology andpathophysiology.

3. Discuss the dynamic inter relationship and reactions of biological process and mechanical forces acting in and around stomatognathicsystem.

4. Demonstrate the in depth Knowledge about theories and types of tooth movement, methods of controlling the untoward effects and mechanical aspects of Orthodontic toothmovement.

5. Recognize the etiological factors for the development of malocclusion and be abletoclassifythevarioustypesofmalocclusionsandrelateddisordersaffecting craniofacialregion.

6. Display the effective use of appropriate diagnostic aids in clinicalOrthodontics. 7. Employ critical thinking and understanding of the principles of clinical

management of various types of moderate to complex Dento-facial disorders requiring Orthodontictreatment.

8. Developskillsforsystematicpreparationandmaintenanceofcaserecordsinboth manual and digitalforms.

9. Demonstrate the skills for the diagnosis and develop treatment plan for all types ofmalocclusions.

10. Demonstrate the application of recent advances in bio materials, techniques and Technology.

11. Design , fabricate Orthodontic appliances and clinically carry out treatment including preventive, interceptive and corrective procedures for all types of malocclusions.

12. Display the skills for clinical management of medically compromised patients, adult patients and other cases requiring multi-disciplinaryapproach.

13. DemonstratetheclinicalskillsrequiredtopreventtherelapseoftheOrthodontic treatment outcomes.

14. Demonstrate the ability to critically analyze and comment on structure and components of researchpapers.

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15. Plan,organizeandconductbothclinicalandbasicresearchprojectwithaaimof publishing / present the research outcome in various scientificforums.

16. Demonstrate teaching skills and oral presentation skills with the use of Information & CommunicationTechniques.

17. Demonstrate the techniques of disease prevention, public awareness, infection control and provision of health care incommunity.

18. Identify any newly encountered clinical situation and exhibit the ability to integrate the prior Knowledge to synthesize an appropriate treatment plan for effective management of these novel clinicalconditions.

19. Develop skills to practice independently in terms of academic, clinical and researchcontexts.

20. Recognize and respect the patients’ rights, moral and ethical responsibilities, medico-legal aspects involved in the Oral health care delivery of the individual patient as well as thepopulation.

21. Accept the apprehension and psychological status of the patient and parents and demonstrate the techniques of motivation and instill positive behavior towards thetreatment.

22. Develop the high degree of credibility, integrity and professional honesty with socialconcern.

23. Develop skills for effective communication with patients, explaining them the various treatment options, the complications involved with different types of Orthodontic procedures and be able to obtain written informed consent for the same.

Objectives: The training programme in Orthodontics is to structure and achieve the following four objectives:

1. Knowledge:

• The dynamic interaction of biologic processes and mechanical forces acting onthestomatognathicsystemduringorthodontictreatment

• The etiology, patho-physiology, diagnosis and treatment planning of various common

• Orthodonticproblems • Various treatment modalities in Orthodontics preventive interceptive and

corrective. • Basic sciences relevant to the practice ofOrthodontics • Interaction of social, cultural, economic, genetic and environmental factors

and their relevance to management of oro - facialdeformities

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• Factors affecting the long-range stability of orthodontic correction and theirmanagement

• Personal hygiene and infection control, prevention of cross infection and safe disposal of hospital waste, keeping in view the high prevalence of Hepatitis and HIV and other highly contagiousdiseases.

2. Skills:

• To obtain proper clinical history, methodical examination of the patient, perform essential diagnostic procedures, and interpret them and arrive at a reasonablediagnosisabouttheDentofacialdeformities.

• To be competent to fabricate and manage the most appropriate appliance - intra or extra oral, removable or fixed, mechanical or functional, and active or passive for the treatment of any orthodontic problem to be treated singly orasapartofmultidisciplinarytreatmentoforo-facialdeformities.

3. Attitudes:

• Develop an attitude to adopt ethical principles in all aspects of Orthodontic practice.

• Professional honesty and integrity are to befostered • TreatmentcareistobedeliveredirrespectiveofthesocialStatus,cast,creed

orcolleagues • Willingness to share the knowledge and clinical experience with

professionalcolleagues • Willingness to adopt, after a critical assessment, new methods and

techniquesoforthodonticmanagementdevelopedfromtimetotimebasedon scientific research, which are in the best interest of thepatient

• Respect patients’ rights and privileges, including patients right to informationandrighttoseekasecondopinion

• Developattitudetoseekopinionfromalliedmedicalanddentalspecialistsas and whenrequired

4. CommunicationSkills:

• Developadequatecommunicationskillsparticularlywiththepatientsgiving them the various options available to manage a particular Dentofacial problem and to obtain a true informed consent from them for the most appropriatetreatmentavailableatthatpointoftime.

• Develop the ability to communicate with professional colleagues, in Orthodonticsorotherspecialtiesthroughvariousmedialikecorrespondence, Internet, e-video, conference, etc. to render the best possibletreatment.

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Course Content Part I : Applied Basic Sciences

1. AppliedAnatomy:

• Prenatal growth of head: Stages of embryonic development, origin of head,originofface,originofteeth.

• Postnatal growth of head: Bones of skull, the oral cavity, development of chin, the hyoid bone, general growth of head, facegrowth.

• Bone growth: Origin of bone, composition of bone, units of bone structure, schedule of Ossification, mechanical properties of bone, roentgenographic appearance ofbone

• Assessment of growth and development: Growth prediction, growth spurts,theconceptofnormalityandgrowthincrements,differentialgrowth, gradient of growth, methods of gathering growth data. Theories of growth and recent advances, factors affecting physicalgrowth.

• Muscles of mastication: Development of muscles, muscle change during growth, muscle function and facial development, muscle function and malocclusion

• Developmentofdentitionandocclusion:Dentaldevelopmentperiods,order of tooth eruption, chronology of permanent tooth formation, periods of occlusal development, pattern ofocclusion.

• Assessment of skeletal age of the carpal bones, carpal x - rays, cervical vertebrae

2. Physiology: • Endocrinology and its disorders (Growth hormone, thyroid hormone,

parathyroid hormone, ACTH) pituitary gland hormones, thyroid gland hormones, parathyroid glandhormones

• Calciumanditsmetabolism • Nutrition-metabolism and their disorders: proteins, carbohydrates, fats,

vitamins andminerals. • Musclephysiology • CraniofacialBiology:celladhesionmoleculesandmechanismofadhesion • Bleedingdisordersinorthodontics:Hemophilia

3. Applied DentalMaterials: • Gypsum products: dental plaster, dental stone and their properties,

setting reactionetc.

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• Impression materials: impression materials in general and particularly of alginate impressionmaterial.

• Acrylics:chemistry,compositionphysicalproperties • Composites:composition,types,propertiessettingreaction • Banding and bonding cements: Zn(P04)2, zinc silicophosphate,

Zinc polycarboxylate, resin cements and glass ionomercements • Wrought metal alloys: deformation, strain hardening, annealing, recovery,

re-crystallization,graingrowth,propertiesofmetalalloys • Orthodontic arch wires: stainless steel gold, wrought cobalt chromium

nickel alloys,alpha&betatitaniumalloys. • Elastics: Latex and non-latexelastics. • Appliedphysics,Bioengineeringandmetallurgy. • SpecificationandtestsmethodsusedformaterialsusedinOrthodontics • Survey of all contemporary literature and Recent advances in above -

mentionedmaterials. 4. AppliedGenetics:

• Cellstructure,DNA,RNA,proteinsynthesis,celldivision • Chromosomalabnormalities • Principles of oro-facialgenetics • Genetics inmalocclusion • 5 Molecular basis ofgenetics • Studiesrelatedtomalocclusion • Recent advances in genetics related tomalocclusion • Geneticcounseling • BioethicsandrelationshiptoOrthodonticmanagementofpatients.

5. Applied PhysicalAnthropology: • Evolutionarydevelopmentofdentition • Evolutionarydevelopmentofjaws.

6. AppliedPathology: • Inflammation • Necrosis

7. Applied Biostatistics &ResearchMethodology: • Statisticalprinciples • DataCollection • Method ofpresentation • Method ofsummarizing • Methods of analysis - differenttests/errors • SamplingandSamplingtechnique

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• Experimentalmodels,designandinterpretation • Development of skills for preparing clear concise and cogent scientific

abstracts andpublication • Experimentaldesign • Animal experimentalprotocol • Principles in the development, execution and interpretation of methodologies in

Orthodontics • CriticalScientificappraisalofliterature.

8. Applied Pharmacology

Part II :

1. OrthodonticHistory: • Historicalperspective • Evolutionoforthodonticappliances • Pencil sketch history of Orthodonticpeers • HistoryofOrthodonticsinIndia

2. Concepts of Occlusion andEsthetics:

• Structureandfunctionofallanatomiccomponentsofocclusion, • Mechanics ofarticulation, • Recordingofmasticatoryfunction, • DiagnosisofOcclusaldysfunction, • Relationship of TMJ anatomy and pathology and related

neuromuscularphysiology.

3. Etiology and Classification OfMalocclusion:

• Acomprehensivereviewofthelocalandsystemicfactorsinthecausation ofmalocclusionandVariousclassificationsofmalocclusion

4. DentofacialAnomalies:

• Anatomical, physiological and pathological characteristics of major groups of developmental defects of the oro-facialstructures.

5. Child and AdultPsychology:

• Stages of childdevelopment.

• Theoriesofpsychologicaldevelopment.

• Managementofchildinorthodontictreatment.

• Management of handicappedchild.

• Motivation and Psychological problems related to malocclusion/ orthodontics

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• Adolescentpsychology

• Behavioralpsychologyandcommunication 6. Diagnostic procedures and treatment planning in orthodontics

• Emphasis on the process of data gathering, synthesis and translating it into a treatmentplan

• Psroblem cases - analysis of cases and itsmanagement

• Adult cases, handicapped and mentally retarded cases and their special problems

• Critique of treatedcases.

• Cephalometrics

• Instrumentation Imageprocessing

• TracingandanalysisoferrorsandapplicationsRadiationhygiene • Advanced Cephalometricstechniques

• Comprehensive review ofliterature

• Videoimagingprinciplesandapplication.

• CBCT and imaging in Orthodontics

Basic Principles of CBCT

Advantages and Disadvantages

Application of CBCT in Orthodontics

7. Practice Management inOrthodontics:

Economics and dynamics of solo and group practices, Personal management Materials management Public relations, Professional relationship, Dental ethics and jurisprudence, Office sterilization procedures, Community based Orthodontics.

8. Clinical Orthodontics:

MyofunctionalOrthodontics:

• Basicprinciples

• Contemporaryappliances-theirdesignandmanipulation

• Case selection and evaluation of the treatmentresults

• Review of the currentliterature.

Dentofacial Orthopedics

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• Principle

• Biomechanics

• Appliance design andmanipulation

• Review of contemporaryliterature

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Cleft lip and palate rehabilitation:

• DiagnosisandtreatmentplanningMechanotherapy

• Special growth problems of cleft cases

• Speechphysiology,pathologyandelementsoftherapyasappliedtoorthodontics

• Team rehabilitativeprocedures.

Biology of tooth movement: • Principles of toothmovement-review

• Review of contemporaryliterature

• Appliedhistophysiologyofbone,periodontalligament

• Molecular and ultra cellular consideration in toothmovement Orthodontic / Orthognathic surgery:

• Orthodontist’roleinconjointdiagnosisandtreatmentplanning • Pre and post-surgicalOrthodontics

• Participation in actual clinical cases, progress evaluation and post retention study

• Review of currentliterature

Ortho / Perio / Prostho inter relationship

• Principlesofinterdisciplinarypatienttreatment

• Commonproblemsandtheirmanagement

Basic principles of Mechanotherapy includes Removable appliances and fixed appliances • Design

• Construction

• Fabrication

• Management

• Review of current literature on treatment methods andresults

Applied preventive aspects in Orthodontics

• Caries and periodontal diseaseprevention

• Oral hygienemeasures

• Clinicalprocedures

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Interceptive Orthodontics

• Principles

• Growthguidance

• Diagnosisandtreatmentplanning

• Therapy emphasison:

i. Dento-facialproblems

ii. Tooth materialdiscrepancies

iii. Minor surgery forOrthodontics

Retention and relapse

• Mechanotherapy- special reference to stability of results with various procedures

• Post retentionanalysis

• Review of contemporaryliterature

9. RecentAdvances: • Use ofimplants • Lasers • Application ofF.E.M. • DistractionOsteogenesis • Clear Aligners • Newer arch wire materials • Self ligating – Principles and application

Academic Activities Pre-Clinical Exercises to bedone during the first 6 months IYear 1. Non-ApplianceExercises:Allexercisesshouldbedonewith0.7or0.8mmwire

Sl.No. Exercise No.

1 Straightening of 6" & 8" long wire 1 each 2 Square 1 3 Rectangle 1 4 Triangle of 2" side 1 5 Circle of 2" side 1

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6 Bending of 5U’s 1 7 Bending of 5V’s 1

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2. Clasps Sl.No. Exercise No.

1 3/4Clasps 2 2 Full clasps 2 3 Triangular Clasps 2 4 Adam’s clasp - upper and lower molar, Pre-molar and Incisor 2 5 Modification of Adam’s - With Helix 2 6 Modification of Adam’s - With distal extension 2 7 Modification of Adam’s - With soldered tube 2 8 Duyzing Clasps on Molars 2 9 Southend Clasp 1

3. LabialBows Sl.No. Exercise No.

1 Short labial bow (upper & lower) 1 2 Long labial bow (upper & lower) 1 3 Robert’s retractor 1 4 High labial bow-with apron spring 1 5 Mill’s labial bow 1 6 Reverse loop labial bow 1 7 Retention labial bow soldered to Adam’s clasp 1 8 Retention labial bow extending distal to second molar 1 9 Fitted labial bow 1 10 Split labial bow 1

4. Springs Sl.No. Exercise No.

1 Finger spring-mesial and distal movement 2 each 2 Double cantilever spring 2 3 Flapper spring 2 4 Coffin spring 2 5 T spring 2

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5. CanineRetractors Sl.No. Exercise No.

1 U loop canine retractor 2 Pairs 2 Helical canine retractor 2 Pairs 3 Palatal canine retractor 2 Pairs 4 Self -supporting canine retractor 2 Pairs

6. Appliances: 1each

Sl.No. Exercise No.

1 Hawley’s retention appliance with anterior bite plane 2 Upper Hawley’s appliance with posterior bite plane 3 Upper expansion appliance with coffin spring 4 Upper expansion appliance with expansion screw 5 Habit breaking appliance with tongue crib 6 Oral screen and double oral screen 7 Lip bumper 8 Splint for Bruxism 9 Catalans appliance 10 Activator

11 Bionator 12 Frankel-FR 2 appliance 13 Twin block 14 Lingual arch soldered to bands 15 TPA soldered to bands 16 Quad helix 17 Bihelix 18 Utility arches 19 Pendulum appliance

7. Solderingexercises

Sl.No. Exercise No.

1 Star 1 2 Comb 1 3 Christmas tree 1 4 Soldering buccal tube on molar bands 1

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8. Weldingexercises Sl.No. Exercise

1 Pinching and welding of molar, premolar, canine and Incisor bands 2 Welding of buccal tubes and brackets on molar bands and incisor bands

9. Impressionofupperandlowerarchesinalginate 10. Study modelpreparation 11. Modelanalysis

Sl.No. Exercise

1 Impression of upper and lower dental arches 2 Preparation of study model – 2 set and permanent dentition analyses to be

Done 3 Preparationofstudymodel–1setandmixeddentitionanalysestobedone

12. Cephalometrics

Sl.No. Exercise

1. Lateral cephalogram to be traced in five different colors and super imposed to see the accuracy of tracing

2. Down’s analysis 3. Tweed analysis 4. Rickett’s analysis 5. Burrstone analysis 6. Rakosi’s analysis 7. Mc Namara analysis 8. Bjork analysis 9. Coben’s analysis 10. Harvold’s analysis 11. Soft tissue analysis - Holdaway and Burstone 12. Steiner’s analysis

13. Basics of Clinical Photography including DigitalPhotography 14. Light wire bending exercises for the Beggtechnique

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Sl.No. Exercise

1 Wire bending technique on 0.016' wire circle “Z” Omega 2 Bonwill-Hawley diagram 3 Making a standard arch wire 4 Inter maxillary hooks- Boot leg and Inter Maxillary type 5 Upper and Lower arch wire 6 Bending a double back arch wire 7 Bayonet bends (vertical and horizontal offsets) 8 Stage-Ill arch wire 9 Torquing auxiliary (upper) 10 Reverse Torquing (lower) 11 Up righting spring

15. Rectangular S.S Wire Exercises:(0.017x 0.025”) • Fabrication and orientation of U/L plain arch wires and with reverse curve of

Spee: 1seteach • 1storder,2ndorder,and3rdorderbends; Tip backbends:2each • FabricationofTloop:2No. • Fabricationofdifferentdesignloopsforretraction:4types

16. Typhodontexercises: (Begg’sand P.E.A.method)

Sl.No. Exercise

1 Teeth setting in Class-II division I malocclusion with maxillary anterior proclination and mandibular anterior crowding

2 Band pinching, welding brackets and buccal tubes to the bands 3 Stage-I,Stage-II,PreStage-IllandStage-IllmechanicsOrP.E.Amechanics

17. Computerizedimaging 18. Preparation of surgical splints, and splints for TMJproblems. 19. Handling of equipments like vacuum forming appliances and hydro solder

etc.

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Clinical Work: After the completion of the basic pre-clinical work in the first six months, the student can take up clinical cases. Each postgraduate student should start with a minimum of 50casesofhis/herownandadditionallyhe/sheshouldhandleaminimumof20transferred cases.

The type of cases :

i. Removable activeappliances-5cases ii. Class-ImalocclusionwithCrowding iii. Class-Imalocclusionwithbi-maxillaryprotrusion iv. Class-IIdivision-1 v. Class-IIdivision-2 vi. Class-III(Orthopedic,Surgical,Orthodonticcases) vii. Inter disciplinarycases viii. Removable functional appliance cases like activator, Bionator, functional

regulator, twin block and newdevelopments ix. Fixed functional appliances - Herbst appliance, jasper jumper etc - 5cases x. Dento-facial orthopedic appliances like head gears, rapid maxillary expansion

niti expander etc., - 5cases xi. Applianceforarchdevelopmentsuchasmolardistalization-m5cases xii. Fixed mechano therapy cases (Begg, PEA, Tip edge, Edgewise)xiii.Retention procedures of above treatedcases.

Scheme of Examination: A. Theory: Part-I

Paper-I : Applied Basic Sciences: 100 marks

Applied anatomy, Physiology, Dental Materials, Genetics, Pathology, Physical Anthropology, Applied Research methodology, Bio-Statistics and Applied Pharmacology.

There shall be 10 Short Essay Questions of 10 marks each (Total of 100 Marks)

Part-II

Paper-I : Orthodontic history, Concepts of occlusion and esthetics, Child and Adult Psychology, Etiology and classification of maloclusion, Dentofacial Anomalies, DiagnosticproceduresandtreatmentplanninginOrthodontics,Practicemanagementin Orthodontic

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Paper-II : Clinical Orthodontics

Paper-III : Essays- Descriptive and analysing type questions Examination shall consist of Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III, each of three hours duration. Paper-I & Paper-II shall consist of two long Essay Questions carrying 25 marks each and five short Essay Questions carrying 10 marks each. Paper-III will be on Essays. In Paper-III three Questions will be given and student has to answer any two questions. Each question carries 50 marks. Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all thepapers. Note : Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers. The topics assigned to the different papers are generally evaluated under those sections. However a strict division of the subject may not be possible and some overlapping of topics is inevitable. The candidate should be prepared to answer overlappingtopics.

B. Practical / ClinicalExamination: Total 200Marks

ExerciseNo:1FunctionalCase: 50Marks • Case selection for functionalappliance • Recording ofbite. • Construction,Fabricationanddeliveryoftheappliancethenextday.

Exercise No: 2 Multiband exercise (Anyone): 50Marks • Begg’sStage III arch wires with auxiliarysprings • Bonding of SWA brackets and construction of suitable archwires.

Exercise No. 3 Display of treated cases (minimum of 5 cases x15marks) 75Marks Exercise No: 4 Longcasediscussions: 25Marks

No. Exercise Marks Appr. Time

1 Functional appliance 50 1 hour 2 III stage mechanics Or PEA Bonding and

archwire fabrication

50

1 hr 30 min 3 Display of case records (minimum of 5 cases to

be presented with all the records)

75

1 hour 4 Long cases 25 2 hours

Total marks 200

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C. Viva Voce & Pedagogy: 100marks i. Viva Voce Examination: 80marks

Thevivavoceexaminationshallbeconductedbyapanelofexaminersappointed by the University. The examination is aimed to assess the candidate’s comprehension, analytical approach, expression, interpretation of data and communicationskills.Itincludesallcomponentsofcoursecontentsandpresentation anddiscussiononthedissertation.

ii. Pedagogy Exercise: 20marks Atopicwillbegiventoeachcandidateatthebeginningoftheclinicalexamination. He/she is asked to make a presentation on the topic for 8-10minutes.

Reference Text Books and Learning Materials

1. Contemporary Orthodontics- Authors: William R. Proffit, Henry W. Fields, Jr., David M.Sarver

2. Orthodontics and DentofacialOrthopaedics- Authors: James A. McNamara, William L.Brudon

3. Orthodontics: Current Principles and Techniques -Authors: Lee W. Graber, Robert L. Vanarsdall, Jr., Katherine W.L.Vig

4. Radiographic Cephalometry: From Basics to 3-D Imaging- Author: Alexander Jacobson

5. ManagementofTemporomandibularDisordersandOcclusion-Author:Jeffrey P. Okeson

6. Esthetic and Biomechanics in Orthodontics - Author: RavindraNanda 7. Textbook of Orthodontics - SamirBishara 8. Begg''s orthodontic theory and technique authors: Begg PR and KeslingPC 9. Removable orthodontic appliances authors; Graber TM andNeumann.B 10. SystemizedorthodonticTreatmentmechanicsAuthors:Mclaughlin,Bennettand

Trevesi

List of Journals: 1. American Journal of Orthodontics and DentofacialOrthopaedics 2. Journal of ClinicalOrthodontics 3. Angle’sOrthodontics 4. Journal ofOrthodontics 5. European Journal ofOrthodontics 6. Seminars inOrthodontics 7. World Journal ofOrthodontics 8. Journal of CraniofacialResearch

*****

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Specialty: PEDIATRIC AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY

Program Code: 23DENT08D

PROGRAM OUTCOMES At the end of the program, graduates will be able to...

1. Developgoodoralhealthinthechildandalsopreparethechildtobeagoodcitizen fortomorrow.

2. Establish a positive attitude and behavior inchildren. 3. Interpret and practice the principles of prevention and preventive dentistry right

from birth toadolescence. 4. Explain and appraise the parents in regards to various treatment modalities

including different facets of preventivedentistry. 5. Record and evaluate proper clinical history, examine the child patient, perform

diagnostic procedure, correlate and interpret them to arrive at a reasonable diagnosis and formulate an individualized treatment plan for that particularchild.

6. To predict and identify developing malocclusion and design preventive and interceptive measures based on the age of thechild.

7. Employ adequate skills to prevent, repair and restore the loss of tooth structure in ordertomaintainharmonybetweenboththehardandsofttissuesoftheoralcavity.

8. Identify and initiate treatment in children with special health care needs which are tailored to their individual requirements andconditions.

9. Develop an attitude to adopt ethical principles in all aspects of pediatric dental practice.

10. Practice professional honesty and integrity. 11. Proposetreatmentcareirrespectiveofthesocialstatus, caste,creed and the religion of

the patients. 12. Communicate clinical Knowledge and experience with professionalcolleagues. 13. Read, review and apply the newer methods and techniques of pediatricdentistry. 14. Respectchildpatientsrightsandprivilegesincludingtheirrighttoinformationand seek

a secondopinion. 15. Practice the attitude to seek opinion from allied medical and dental specialties as

and whenrequired.

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Objective: At the end of 3 years of training the candidate should be able to

• Createnotonlyagoodoralhealthinthechildbutalsoagoodcitizentomorrow. • Instill a positive attitudeandbehaviourinchildren. • Understandtheprinciplesofpreventionandpreventivedentistryrightfrombirth

toadolescence • Guideandcounseltheparentsregardingvarioustreatmentmodalitiesincluding

different facets of preventivedentistry. • Preventandinterceptdevelopingmalocclusion.

Skills

• Obtain proper clinical history, methodological examination of the child patient, perform diagnostic procedures and interpret them, and arrive at a reasonable diagnosisandtreatappropriately

• Be competent to treat dental diseases which are occurring in the childpatient. • Manage to repair and restore the lost / tooth structure to maintain harmony

between both hard and soft tissues of the oralcavity. • Managetotreatdisabledchildreneffectivelyandefficiently,tailoredtotheneeds

ofindividualrequirementandconditions. • To acquire skills in managing effectively life-threatening conditions with

emphasis on basic life supportmeasure.

Attitudes • Develop an attitude to adopt ethical principles in all aspects of Pediatric dental

practice. • Professional honesty and integrity are to befostered. • Treatmentcareistobedeliveredirrespectiveofthesocialstatus,cast,creedand

religionofthepatients. • Willingness to share the knowledge and clinical experience with professional

colleagues. • Willingness to adopt, after a critical assessment, new methods and techniquesof • Pediatricdentistry. • Respect child patient’s rights and privileges, including child patient’s right to

informationandrighttoseekasecondopinion. • Developanattitudetoseekopinionfromalliedmedicalanddentalspecialities,as and

when required.

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Human Values, Ethical Practice and Communicative Abilities : • Adopt ethical practices in all aspects of pediatric dental treatment. • Professional morality and truthfulness are to befostered. • Patient care is to be delivered irrespective of social status, sex, caste, creed or

religion of thechild. • Develop communication and behaviour management skills to explain the

numerous possibilities available in management pediatric dentalproblems. • Obtain an informed consent from the patients andparents. • Provide leadership and get the best out of the team in a pleasant working

atmosphere. • Apply moral and ethical standards while carrying out human or animalresearch. • Be humble and accept the limitations in his knowledge and skill and to ask for

help from colleagues whenneeded. • Respectpatient’srightsandprivilegesincludingpatient’srighttoinformationand

right to seek a secondopinion.

Course Content

Part I : Applied Basic Sciences AppliedAnatomy,Physiology,Pathology,Pharmacology,Bio-chemistry,Microbiology, Research Methodology & Bio-statistics, Growth & Development, Dental Plaque, Genetics. 1. Applied anatomy and genetics-

• Development of face, paranasalsinuses, • Triangles of neck, Salivary glands, Temporomandibularjoint, • Congenital anomalies of oro -facialregion, • Muscles of mastication,Arteries, • Veins, nerves offace, • Embryology - Growth and development of oro facialstructures, • Histology - Salivary glands, tongue, tooth, epithetical tissue, connectivetissue.

2. Applied Physiology and Biochemistry– • Nervous system - Physiology of nerve condition, pain pathway, sympathetic

and parasympathetic nervous system, regulation of bodytemperature. • Blood and itsby-products. • Cardio Vascularsystem. • Basic Metabolism-Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Enzymes, Vitamins,

Minerals, Antimetabolites, Nucleicacids. 3. Applied Microbiology andPathology-

• Cell biology, Basicimmunology.

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• Oral microflora,Virology. • Staining techniques, Culture and Sensitivity tests, Labinvestigations. • Inflammation, Repair, Regeneration, Wound healing. • Shock, Hypersensitivity, Endocrine disorders, Neuromuscular diseases,

Neoplasia. • Nutritional disorders, Metabolic disorders.

4. Nutrition and Dietetics- • Generalprinciples.

• Balance diet, effect of dietary deficiencies and starvation, Dietchart. • Digestion, absorption, transportation and utilisation in pediatricpatients, • Trace elements, Vitamins- A, B-complex, C, D, E, K andMinerals.

5. Applied Pharmacology- • Antibiotics andanalgesics. • Dosage and mode of drugadministration. • General anaesthesia, Localanaesthesia. • Antiviral, Antifungal drugs, Antiseptics andcorticosteroids. • Action and fate of drugs in thebody.

6. DentalPlaque • Definition, features, composition, differences,formation • Microscopic & macroscopic structure ofplaque • Methods of detection ofplaque • Varioushypothesis • Plaque as abiofilm

7. Growth anddevelopment • Prenatalandpostnataldevelopmentofcranium,face,jaws,teethandsupporting

structures. • Chronology of dental development and development of occlusion. • Dimensional changes in dentalarches. • Cephalometric evaluation ofgrowth.

8. Biostatistics & ResearchMethodology • Statisticalprinciples • Datacollection • Method ofpresentation • Method ofsummarizing • Methods of analysis – different tests/errors • Sampling and samplingtechniques • Experimental models, design and interpretation • Development of skills for preparing clear concise and cognent scientific

abstracts andpublication

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• Experimental design • Animal experimentalprotocol • Principlesinthedevelopmentexecutionandinterpretationofmethodologiesin

Peodontics • Critical Scientific appraisal ofliterature.

Part II : 1. ChildPsychology

Development and classification of behaviour, personality, intelligence in children, Theories of Child Psychology, Stages of psychological child development, fear, anxiety, apprehension and its management.

2. BehaviourManagement. Non-Pharmacological and Pharmacological methods.

3. Child Abuse and DentalNeglect 4. Conscious Sedation, Deep Sedation and General Anaesthesiain pediatric dentistry:

(includingotherdrugs,SynergeticandAntagonisticactionsofvariousdrugsusedin children)

5. PreventivePedodontics Concepts, chair side preventive measures of dental diseases, high risk caries including rampant and extensive caries – recognition, features and preventive management, Pit and fissures sealants, Oral hygiene measures, Correlation of brushingwithdentalcariesandperiodontaldiseases.Dietandnutritionasrelatedto dental caries. Dietcounselling.

6. MicrobiologyandimmunologyasrelatedtoOraldiseasesinChildren: Basic concepts, Immune system in human body, Auto Immune diseases, Histopathology, Pathogenesis, Immunology of dental caries, Periodontal diseases, Tumours, Oral Mucosal lesions etc.

7. GingivalandPeriodontalDiseasesinChildren - NormalGingivaandPeriodontiuminchildren. - Gingival and Periodontal Diseases - Etiology, Pathogenesis, Prevention and

Management. 8. Pediatric OperativeDentistry

- Principles of Operative Dentistry along with modifications of materials / past, current&latestincludingtoothcolouredmaterials.

- Modificationsrequiredforcavitypreparationinprimaryandyoungpermanent teeth.

- Various IsolationTechniques.

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- Restorations of decayed primary, young permanent and permanent teeth in children using various restorative material like Glass Ionomer, Composites, Silver Amalgamandlatestmaterial(gallium)

- Stainless steel, Polycarbonate and Resin Crowns / Veneers and fibre post systems.

9. PediatricEndodontics - PrimaryDentition:-Diagnosisofpulpaldiseasesandtheirmanagement–Pulp

capping,pulpotomy,pulpectomy(Materials&Methods)Controversies&recent concepts.

- Young permanent and permanent teeth, Pulp capping, Pulpotomy, Apexogenesis, Apexification, Concepts, Techniques and Materials used in differentprocedures.

- Recent advances in Pediatric diagnosis andEndodontics. 10 Prosthetic Considerations in PediatricDentistry. 11 TraumaticInjuriesinChildren

- Classification andImportance. - Sequelae and reaction of teeth totrauma. - Management of Traumatized teeth with latestconcepts. - Management of jaw fractures inchildren.

12. InterceptiveOrthodontics. - Concepts of occlusion and aesthetics: Structure and function of all anatomic

componentsofocclusion,mechanicsofarticulations,recordingofmasticatory function, diagnosis of occlusal dysfunction, relationship of TMJ anatomy and pathologyandrelatedneuromuscularphysiology.

- A comprehensive review of the local and systemic factors in the causation of malocclusion.

- Recognition and management of normal and abnormal developmental occlusions inprimary,mixedandpermanentdentitionsinchildren(Occlusalguidance).

- Biologyoftoothmovement:Acomprehensivereviewoftheprinciplesofteeth movement. Review of contemporary literature. Histopathology of bone and Periodontal ligament, Molecular and ultra-cellular considerations in tooth movement.

- Myofunctional appliances: Basic principles, contemporary appliances,Design andFabrication.

- Removableappliances:Basicprinciples,contemporaryappliances,Designand Fabrication.

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- Case selection and diagnosis in interceptive Orthodontics (Cephalometrics, Image processing, Tracing, Radiation hygiene, Video imaging and Advanced cephalometrictechniques).

- Space Management: Etiology, Diagnosis of space problems, analysis, Biomechanics,plannedextractionininterceptiveorthodontics.

13. Oral Habits inChildren - Definition,EtiologyandClassification. - Clinical features of digit sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing and various

other secondaryhabits. - Managementoforalhabitsinchildren.

14. Dental Care of Children with SpecialNeeds - Definition, Etiology, Classification, Behavioural, Clinical features and

Management of childrenwith: - Physically handicappingconditions - Mentally compromisingconditions - Medically compromisingconditions - Geneticdisorders

15. OralManifestationsofSystemicConditionsinChildrenandTheirManagement. 16. ManagementofMinorOralSurgicalProceduresinChildren. 17. Dental Radiology as Related to PediatricDentistry. 18. Cardiology

- HistoricalBackground. - Definition,AetiologyandPathogenesis. - CariesPatterninprimary,youngpermanentandpermanentteethinchildren. - Rampant caries, early childhood caries and extensive caries. Definition,

Aetiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical features, Complications &Management. - RoleofdietandnutritioninDentalCaries. - DietarymodificationandDietcounselling. - Subjective & Objective methods of Caries detection with emphasis on Caries

Activity tests, Caries prediction, Caries susceptibility and their clinical Applications.

19. PediatricOralMedicineandClinicalPathology - Recognition and management of developmental dental anomalies, teething

disorders,stomatologicalconditions,mucosallesions,viralinfectionsetc.,26. CongenitalAnomaliesinChildren

- Definition,Classification,ClinicalfeaturesandManagement.

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20. Dental Emergencies in Children and TheirManagement. 21. Dental Materials used in PediatricDentistry. 22. PreventiveDentistry

- Definition - Principles andscope - Type ofprevention - Different Preventive measures used in Pediatric Dentistry including fissure

sealants and cariesvaccine. 23. Dental Health Education and School Dental HealthProgrammes. 24. Dental health concepts, Effects of civilization and environment, Dental Health

deliverysystem,PublicHealthmeasuresrelatedtochildrenalongwithprinciples of Pediatric PreventiveDentistry.

25. Fluorides - Historicalbackground - SystemicandTopicalFluorides - Mechanism ofaction - Toxicity andManagement - DefluoridationTechniques

26. Medico-legalaspectsinPediatricdentistrywithemphasisoninformedconsent. 27. CounsellinginPediatricdentistry. 28. Case HistoryRecording

- OutlinesofPrinciplesofexamination,diagnosisandtreatmentplanning. 29. Epidemiology:

Concepts, Methods of recording and Evaluation of various oral diseases. Various national and global trends of epidemiology of oral diseases.

30. Comprehensive Infant Oral HealthCare 31. Principles of Bio-Statistics & Research Methodology and Understanding of

Computers andPhotography. 32. Comprehensivecleftcaremanagementwithemphasisoncounselling,feeding,naso-

alveolarboneremodelling,speechrehabilitation. 33. SettingUpofPedodontics&PreventiveDentistryClinic. 34. Lasers in Paediatricdentistry. 35. Evidence based Paediatricdentistry.

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36. RotaryEndodontics. 37. MicroscopicEndodontics. 38. Fixed Orthodontics(4/2). 39. HospitalDentistry. 40. Myofunctional Appliance

- Principles of treatment - Action of Functional Appliance - Case Selection - Types of Appliances

a) Activator b) Bionator c) Twin Block d) Function Regulators e) Herbst Appliances f) Jasper Jumper g) Vestibular Screen h) Lip Bumper i) Head Gear j) Face Mask k) Chin Cup

41. Obstructive Sleep Disorders inChildren - Sleep apnea definition - Epidemiology - Pathophysiology - Potential sequelae of obstructive sleep disorders - Risk factors

Preclinical : To be done during the first six months 1. Carvingofalldeciduousteeth/Carvingofallpermanentteeth. 2. Settingupofteethfordeciduousdentition/mixeddentition/permanentdentition. 3 a. Basic wire bending exercise (Straightening of stainless steel wire ,Square

Rectangle, Triangle, Circle). b. Clasps: C-clasp

10

Fullclasp Triangular clasp Adams clasp - anterior and posterior Modification of Adams clasp – with Helix, with distal extension, with solder tube Duyzing clasps on molars Southend Clasp

c. Springs:FingerSpring–Mesialmovement,Distalmovement ZSpring T Spring Coffin Spring Canine retraction - Types (U loop, Helical, Palatal, Self supporting)

d. Labialbow - Short - Long - High - Split - Reverse

10

4. Appliances a. Hawley’sretentionappliancewithanteriorbiteplane. b. Hawley’sretentionappliancewithposteriorbiteplane. c. Maxillary expansion screw appliance (1) Anterior (2)Posterior d. Maxillaryexpansionappliancewithcoffinspring. e. Canine retractorappliance. f. Allhabitbreakingappliances

(i) Removabletype(ii)Fixedtype(iii)Partiallyfixedandremovable g. Myofunctionalappliance

(1) Oral Screen (2) Double Oral Screen Lip bumper – Removable, Fixed

h. Makingofinclinedplaneappliance–Removal,Fixed i. Feedingappliances(a)withextraoralextension(b)withoutextraoralextension j. Activator,Bionator k. Twin block l. Chincap

5. BasicSolderingexerciseI–makingofalamppostofstainlesssteelwirepiecesof different gauges soldered on either side of heavy gauge mainpost.

6. Fabrication of spacemaintainers A. Removable type–

• UnilateralNonFunctionalspacemaintainers • BilateralNonFunctionalspacemaintainers • Unilateral Functional spacemaintainers • Bilateral Functional spacemaintainers

B. Space regainers- • Hawley’s appliances with Helical Spaceregainer • Removable appliance with Slingshot Spaceregainer • Removable appliance with Dumbell Spaceregainer

C. Fixed Space maintainers- • Band and long loop spacemaintainers • Band and short loop spacemaintainers • Mayne’sspacemaintainer • Transpalatal arch spacemaintainers • Nance palatal holdingarch • Nance palatal holding arch with caninestoppers • Gerber spaceregainer • Distal shoeappliance

a. Active spacemaintainers

10

b. Forguidingtheeruptionoffirstpermanentmolar c. Arch holdingdevice d. Functional spacemaintainer

7. Basics for spot welding exercise. 8. Collection of extracted deciduous and permanentteeth.

a. Sectioning of the teeth at various levels andplanes. b. Drawing of sections and shapes ofpulp. c. Phantom Head Exercises: Performing ideal cavity preparation for various

restorative materials for both Deciduous and permanentteeth. d. PerformingPulpotomy,RootcanaltreatmentandApexificationprocedures. e. Tooth preparation and fabrication of various temporary and permanent

restorations on fractured anteriorteeth. f. Preparation of teeth for various types ofcrowns. g. Laminates /veneers. h. Bonding & Bandingexercise.

9. Performing of behavioural rating and I.Q. tests forchildren. 10. Computationof:

a. Caries Index and performing various caries activitytest b. Oral HygieneIndex c. PeriodontalIndex d. FluorosisIndex

11. SurgicalExercises: a. Fabrication ofsplints b. Type ofwiring c. Suturing,variousplatingsystems

12. a. Taking of peri-apical, occlusal, bitewing radiographs ofchildren. b. Developingandprocessingofthefilms,thusobtained. c. Tracing of soft tissue dental and skeletal landmarks as observed on

Cephalometric radiographs and drawing of various planes and angle, further interpretationofCephalometricradiographicanalysis.

d. Study modelpreparation e. Modelanalysis f. Mixed dentitioncast analysis

After the Pre-clinical work is completed the students can take up clinical cases and the clinical training is for a period of two and half years.

10

Clinical Work: After the completion of the basic pre-clinical work in the first six months, the student can take up clinical cases. Each postgraduate student should start with a minimum of 50casesofhis/herownandadditionallyhe/sheshouldhandleaminimumof20transferred cases. Clinical Work Requirements from 7 to 36 Months Thefollowingistheminimumrequirementtobecompletedbeforethecandidatecanbe consideredeligibletoappearinthefinalM.D.S.Examinations:

No. Clinical work Total 7 to12 months

13 to24 months

25 to36 months

1 Behaviour Management of different age group children with complete records

17

2

10

5

2 Detailed Case evaluation with complete records, treatment planning and presentation of cases with chair- side discussion. (which includes 5 cases of children with sleep disorders)

17

2

10

5

3 Step-by-step chair-side preventive dentistry scheduled for high risk children with gingival and periodontal diseases and Dental Caries (which includes5childrenwithspecialneeds)

11

1

5

5

4 Practical application of Preventive dentistry concepts in a class of 35-50 children and Dental Health Education and Motivation.

7

1

4

2

10

5 Paediatric Operative Dentistry with application of recent concepts. a. Management of dental caries Class I 50 30 10 10 Class II 100 40 50 10 Other Restorations 100 20 50 30 b. Management of traumatized 15 4 06 05 anterior teeth 25 05 10 10 c. Aesthetic Restorations d. Paediatric Endodontic Procedures Deciduous teeth Pulpotomy / Pulpectomy 150 30 50 70 Permanent Molars 20 03 07 10 Permanent Incisors 15 02 03 10 Apexification&Apexogenesis 20 02 08 10

6 Stainless Steel Crowns 50 10 20 20 7 Other Crowns 5 1 2 2 8 Fixed: Space Maintainers, Habit

breaking appliances

30

8

12

10 9 Removable: Space Maintainers,

Habit breaking appliances

20

5

7

8

10 Functional Appliances 5 1 2 2

11 Preventive measures like Fluoride applications & Pit & Fissure Sealant applications with complete follow-up and diet counselling

20

8

8

4

12 Special Assignments i. School Dental HealthProgrammes ii. Campsetc.,

3 2

1 1

1 1

1 -

13 Rotary Endodontics 5 5 14 Conscious sedation 5 5 15 Pre-formed bands 5 5 16 Fixed Orthodontics 2 2 17 Lasers 2 2 18 Hospital Dentistry 5 5

10

ElectivePosting HospitalPosting: a. Pediatric Medicine – 4weeks b. Pediatric Anaesthesia 4weeks c. Craniofacial centre for Clefts - 4weeks Postgraduates are allowed to choose any two departments of the three.

Scheme of Examination: A. Theory: Part-I

Paper-I: Applied Basic Sciences: 100 marks

AppliedAnatomy, Physiology, and Biochemistry, Pathology, Microbiology, Pharmacology, Research Methodology and Biostatistics Growth and Development and Dental plaque, Genetics.

There shall be 10 Short Essay Questions of 10 marks each (Total of 100 Marks)

Part-II

Paper-I : Clinical Pedodontics

Paper-II : Preventive and Community Dentistry as applied to pediatric dentistry

Paper-III : Essays- Descriptive and analysing type questions Examination shall consist of Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III, each of three hours duration. Paper-I & Paper-II shall consist of two long Essay Questions carrying 25 marks each and five short essay questions carrying 10 marks each. Paper-III will be on Essays. In Paper-III three Questions will be given and student has to answer any two questions. Each question carries 50 marks. Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers. Note :Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers. The topics assigned to the different papers are generally evaluated under those sections. However a strict division of the subject may not be possible and some overlapping of topics is inevitable. The candidate should be prepared to answer overlapping topics.

Distribution of topics for each paper will be as follows: Paper I: Clinical Pedodontics: Conscious sedation, Deep Sedation & General Anaesthesiain Pediatric dentistry, Gingival and Periodontal Diseases in Children, Pediatric Operative Dentistry, Pediatric Endodontics, Traumatic Injuries in Children,Interceptive Orthodontics, Oral Habitsin Children, Dental Care of Children with special needs, Oral Manifestations of Systemic Conditions in Children and their

100

Management, Management of Minor Oral Surgical procedures in Children, Dental Radiology as related to Paediatric Dentistry, Pediatric Oral Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Congenital Anomalies in Children, Dental Emergencies in Children and their Management, Dental Materials used in Pediatric Dentistry, Case History Recording, Setting up of Pedodontics& Preventive Dentistry Clinic. Paper II: Preventive and Community Dentistry as applied to Pediatric dentistry: Child Psychology, Behaviour Management, Child Abuse and Dental Neglect, Cariology, Preventive Dentistry, Dental Health Education and School Dental Health Programmes, Fluorides, Epidemiology, Comprehensive Infant Oral Health Care/Comprehensive cleft Care, Principles of Research Methodology &Bio-Statistics and Understanding of Computers and Photography Paper III: Essays -Descriptive and Analyzing type questions B. Practical&ClinicalExamination:200Marks

No First Day Marks

1 Case Discussion, Pulp Therapy i.e. Pulpectomy on a Primary molar

Case Discussion 20 Rubber Dam application 10 Working length X-ray 20 Obturation 20 Total 70

2 Case Discussion, Crown preparation on a Primary Molar for Stainless Steel St crown and cementation of the same

Case Discussion 10 Crown preparation 20 Crown selection and Cementation 20 Total 50

3 Case Discussion, band adaptation for fixed type of space ma i n t a i n e r impression making

Case Discussion 20 Band adaptation 20 Impression 20 Total 60

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Second Day 1

i)

ii)

Evaluation of Fixed Space Maintainer and Cementation

Viva Voce

20

100 Viva Voce Examination 80 Pedagogy 20

C. Viva Voce & Pedagogy: 100marks i. Viva Voce Examination: 80marks

The viva voce examination shall be conducted by a panel of examiners appointed bytheUniversity.Theexaminationisaimedtoassessthecandidate’scomprehension, analyticalapproach,expression,interpretationofdataandcommunicationskills.It includesallcomponentsofcoursecontentsandpresentationanddiscussiononthe dissertation.

ii. Pedagogy Exercise: 20marks Atopicwillbegiventoeachcandidateatthebeginningoftheclinicalexamination. He/she is asked to make a presentation on the topic for 8-10minutes.

Reference Text Books and Learning Materials Text Books

1. Pediatric Dentistry infancy through adolescence -Jimmy Pinkham, Paul Cosamassimo, Henry Fields, Dennis McTigue, Arthur Nowak – 4thedition

2. Dentistryforchildandadolescent–RalphE.McDonald,JeffreyA.Dean,David R. Avery - 9thedition

3. Pediatricdentistry-RichardWelbury,MontyS.Duggal,MarieThereseHosey– 4thedition

4. Pediatric dentistry – A clinical approach – Goran Koch, Seven Poulsen, Ivar Espelid,DorteHaubek – 3rdedition

5. Clinical Pedodontics – Sidney B. Finn – 4thedition

JOURNALS: 1. International journal of clinical pediatricdentistry 2. International journal of pediatricdentistry 3. Journal of clinical pediatricdentistry 4. Journal of dentistry for children(online) 5. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventivedentistry

*****

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Speciality: PERIODONTOLOGY

Program Code: 23 DENT05D

PROGRAM OUTCOMES At the end of the program, graduates will be able to...

1. Describe the biology and pathology of the periodontium as well as the principles of bone biology and woundhealing.

2. Describe relevant surgical head and neckanatomy. 3. Collect,organise,analyse,interpretandpresentclinicaldatarelatedtoexamination of

periodontaltissues. 4. Analyse occlusal factors in the initiation and progression (expression) of

periodontaldisease. 5. Collect, organise, analyse, interpret and present clinical data related to the

assessment of sites planned for implantplacement. 6. Utilize the appropriate diagnosing techniques relevant to periodontal and implant

treatment. 7. Establish a prognosis for the outcomes of periodontal and implanttreatments. 8. Demonstrate competence in non-surgical and surgical management of periodontal

defects,regenerative techniques, mucogingival procedures. 9. Demonstrate Knowledge of managing medical emergencies in the dentalclinic. 10. Demonstrate Knowledge to develop a treatment plan for medically compromised

patients. 11. Performrestorationdrivenimplantplacementbasedonthepre-operativeplanning. 12. Perform augmentation procedures prior to implant placement by using the

appropriate material andtechniques. 13. Develop and implement recall and evaluate strategies following periodontal

treatment and supportive maintenance therapy. 14. Communicate effectively with other disciplines in treatment planning and in

treatment sequencing. 15. Conduct,presentandpublishresearchprojectsbasedonnationalandglobalneeds. 16. Teach in both didactic and clinical areas of undergraduateperiodontics. 17. Demonstrateappropriateprofessionalattitudesandbehaviourindealingwithstaff

membersandhelping personnel. 18. Converse with patients in an attentive manner that conveys concern, compassion,

and the moral support of patients or theirfamilies.

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Goals The goals of post graduate training courses in Periodontology and Oral Implantology would be to train a candidate to: • Recognizeanddiagnoseallthecommonperiodontaldiseases,confidentlyplanand

carry out suitable basics and advanced therapeutic and preventiveprocedures. • Develop and exercise motivation, knowledge of several aspects of periodontics

andimplantsandmaintainhighethicalstandards. • Be an inspired teacher, keen to share his knowledge and skills with a colleagueor

a junior or ateacher.

Objectives: The following objectives are laid out to achieve the goals of the course.

Knowledge: • Tohaveanunderstandingofthehistoricalperspectivetoadvancementinthesubject

proper and relatedtopics. • To acquire adequate knowledge and understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis,

diagnosisandmanagementofcommonperiodontaldiseaseswithemphasisonIndian population

• Demonstrateessentialknowledgeofthebiochemical,microbiologicandimmunologic geneticaspectsofperiodontalpathology

• Describe various preventive periodontalmeasures • Describevarioustreatmentmodalitiesofperiodontaldiseasefromhistoricalaspect to

currently availableones. • Describe interrelationship between periodontal disease and various systemic

conditions • Describe periodontal hazards due to estrogenic causes and deleterious habits and

prevention ofit. • Identifyraritiesinperiodontaldiseaseandenvironmental/emotionaldeterminates in

a givencase. • Recognize conditions that may be outside the area of his speciality/ competence

and refer them to an appropriateSpecialist. • Decide regarding non- surgical or surgical management of thecase • Updatehimbyattendingcourse,conferencesandseminarsrelevanttoperiodontics or

by self learningprocess • Planout/carryoutresearchactivitybothbasicandclinicalaspectswiththeaimof

publishinghisworkinscientificjournals.

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• Reachout to the public to motivate and educate them about the importance of maintaining a healthy periodontium and the diseases effecting these tissue and consequences of not treating it intime.

• Plan out epidemiological survey to assess prevalence and incident case of early onsetperiodontitisandadultperiodontititsinIndianpopulation(Regionwise)Shall developknowledgeskillinthescienceandpracticeofOralimplantology.

• ShalldevelopteachingskillinthefieldofPeriodontologyandOralImplantology

Skills: • Elicitinasystemicmannerclinicalandmedicalhistory, • Demostrate methodical extra orally and intra orally exanimation of the patient.

Request for relevant diagnostic/laboratory tests and interpret them to come to a reasonablediagnosis.

• Demonstrateabilitytoeffectivelymotivationandeducationthepatientonvarious aspectofmaintainingahealthyperiodontiumafterthetreatment

• Demonstrate ability to perform both non-surgical &surgical procedures independently.

• Demonstrate ability to recognize the need and immediately provide Basic Life support Service(BLS).

Attitude: • Develop ethical principles, professional honesty and intergrity in all aspects of

treatmentmodalitiesprofessionalhonestyandintegritytobefostered. • Develop communication skills required to guide and educate patients regarding

their oralhealth. • Applyhighmoralandethicalstandardswhilecarryingouthumanoranimalresearch. • Behumble,acceptthelimitationsinhisknowledgeandskills,andaskforhelpfrom

colleagues whenneeded. • Respectpatients’rightsandprivileges,includingpatientsrighttoinformationand right

to seek a secondopinion.

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COURSE CONTENTS: PART I: Applied Basic Sciences Applied Anatomy 1. Lymphatic drainage of the head & neckregion 2. Sinuses of the head & neckregion 3. Cranial cavity & Cranialnerves 4. Development offace 5. Facialmuscles 6. Nerve supply & blood supply of theface 7. AnatomyoftheSalivaryGland 8. Generalhistology 9. Temporomandibularjoint 10. Maxillae andMandible 11. Tongue 12. Oropharynx 13. Sinuses of the head & neckregion 14. Muscle ofmastication 15. Development of thePeriodontium 16. MicroandMacrostructuralanatomyandbiologyoftheperiodontaltissues. 17. Age changes in the periodontaltissues 18. Anatomy of thePeriodontium

a) Macroscopic and microscopicanatomy b) Bloodsupplyoftheperiodontium c) LymphaticsystemofthePeriodontium d) NerveinnervationsofthePeriodontium

Approach: 1. Didactic lectures andseminars 2. Postings in thedepartment 3. Demonstration of dissection- head andneck Applied Physiology

1. Blood 2. Respiratory system- A knowledge of the respiratory diseases which are a cause

ofperiodontaldisease(periodontalmedicine) 3. Cardiovascularsystem

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a. BloodPressure b. NormalECG c. Shock

4. Endocrinology-hormonalinfluencesonPeriodontium 5. Gastrointestinalsystem

a.Salivary secretion-composition, function & regulation b. Reproductive physiology

c.Hormones- Actions and regulations, role in periodontal disease d.Family planning methods

6. Nervous system a. Painpathways b. Taste buds, primary taste sensation & pathways for sensation

Approach: 1. Didactic lectures andseminars 2. Postings in thedepartment 3. Demonstration of haematologicalprocedures Applied Biochemistry 1. Basicsofcarbohydrates,lipids,proteins,vitamins,proteins,enzymesandminerals 2. Dietandnutritionandperiodontium 3. Biochemicaltestsandtheirsignificance 4. Calcium andphosphorous 5. Enzymes

Approach: 1. Didactic lectures andseminars 2. Postings in thedepartment 3. Demonstration of biochemical analysis andtechniques

Applied Pathology 1. Inflammation & repair, necrosis &degeneration 2. Woundhealing 3. Cellinjury&celldeath 4. Basicimmunology 5. Hypersensitivityreaction 6. Bleedingdisorders

107

7. Circulatorydisturbances–edema,hemorrhage,shock,thrombosis,embolism 8. Labinvestigation 9. Biopsy 10. Liverdisorders 11. DiabetesMellitus 12. Disturbances ofNutrition 13. Cellstructure,metabolism,growth&differentiation,regulation

Approach: 1. Didactic lectures andseminars 2. Postings in thedepartment 3. Demonstrationofpathologicalsections Applied Microbiology: 1. Generalbacteriology

a. Identification ofbacteria b. Culture media andmethods c. Sterilization anddisinfection

2. Immunology andInfection 3. Systemicbacteriologywithspecialemphasisonoralmicrobiology&Gramnegative

anaerobicbacteria 4. Virology

a. General properties ofviruses b. Herpes, Hepatitis, HIVvirus

5. Mycology a.Candidiasis

6. Appliedmicrobiology 7. Diagnosisofimmunologicaldisorders,hospitalinfectionsandmanagement

Approach: 1. Didactic lectures andseminars 2. Postings in thedepartment 3. Demonstrationofmicrobiallabprocedures

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Applied Pharmacology: 1. Generalpharmacology

a. Definitions–Pharmcokineticswithclinicalapplications,routesofadministration includinglocaldeliveryinPeriodontics

b. Adverse drug reactions and druginteractions 2. Detailed pharmacologyof

a. Analgesics–opiodandnonopoid b. LocalAnaesthetics c. Haematinics and coagulants,Anticoagulants d. VitaminDandCalciumpreparations e. Antidiabeticdrugs f. Steroids g. Antibiotics h. Antihypertensive i. Immunosuppressive drugs and their effects on oraltissues j. Antiepilepticdrugs

3. Brief pharmacology, dental use and adverse effectsof a. Generalaesthetics b. Antypsychotics c. Antidepressants d. Anxiolyticdrugs e. Sedatives f. Antiepileptics g. Antihypertensives h. Antianginaldrugs i. Diuretics j. Hormones k. Pre-anestheticmedications

4. Drugs used in Bronchial asthmacough 5. Drug therapyof:

a. Emergencies b. Seizures c. Anaphylaxis d. Bleeding e. Shock

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f. Diabeticketoacidosis g. Acute Addisoniancrisis

6. Dental pharmacology a. Antiseptics b. Astringents c. Sialogogues d. Disclosingagents e. Antiplaqueagents

7. Fluoridepharmacology Approach:

1. Didactic lectures andseminars 2. Postings in thedepartment 3. Demonstrationofdrugdispensingprocedures

Applied Biostatistics: a. Introduction,definition,andbranchesofbiostatistics b. Collectionofdata,samplingtypes,biasanderrors c. Compiling data-graphs andcharts d. Measures of central tendency (mean, median and mode) ,standard deviation

and variability e. Tests of significance (Chi square test t test and Z-test) f. Null-hypothesis

Approach: 1. Didactic lectures andseminars 2. Postings in thedepartment

PART II: ETIOPATHOGENESIS

1 Classificationofperiodontalconditions 2 Epidemiologyofgingivalandperiodontaldiseases 3 Defense mechanisms ofgingiva 4 Periodontalmicrobiology 5 Basicconceptsofinflammationandimmunity 6 Microbialinteractionswiththehostinperiodontaldiseases 7 Pathogenesis of plaque associated periodontaldiseases 8 DentalCalculus

110

9 Role of iatrogenic and other localfactors 10 Influence of systemic diseases and disorders of theperiodontium 11 Roleofenvironmentalfactorsintheetiologyofperiodontaldisease 12 Stress and periodontaldiseases 13 Occlusionand periodontal diseases 14 Smokingandtobaccointheetiologyofperiodontaldiseases 15 AIDS andperiodontium 16 Periodontalmedicine 17 Dentinalhypersensitivity 18 Genetic factors associated with periodontaldisease

CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC PERIODONTOLOGY AND ORAL

IMPLANTOLOGY Please Note: Clinical periodontology includes gingival diseases, periodontal diseases, periodontal instrumentation, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of periodontal diseases. Gingival Diseases

1. Gingivalinflammation 2. Clinicalfeaturesofgingivitis 3. Gingivalenlargement 4. Acute gingivalinfection 5. Desquamativegingivitisandoralmucousmembranediseases 6. Gingivaldiseasesinthechildhood

PeriodontalDiseases: 1. Periodontalpocket 2. Bone loss and patterns of bonedestruction 3. Periodontal response to externalforces 4. Masticatory systemdisorders 5. Chronicperiodontitis 6. Aggressiveperiodontitis 7. Necrotising UlcerativePeriodontitis 8. Interdisciplinaryapproaches

a. Orthodontic b. Endodontic

9. Periodontal considerations in Orthodontictherapy

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Treatment of Periodontal Diseases:

A. History,Examination,Diagnosis,PrognosisandTreatmentplanning 1. Clinicaldiagnosis 2. Radiographicandotheraidsinthediagnosisofperiodontaldiseases 3. Advanced diagnostictechniques 4. Riskassessment 5. Determination ofprognosis 6. Treatmentplan 7. Rationale for periodontaltreatment 8. General principles of anti-infective therapy with special emphasis on infection

control in periodontalpractice 9. Halitosis and itstreatment

10. Bruxism and itstreatment B. Periodontalinstrumentation

1. Instrumentation 2. Principlesofperiodontalinstrumentation 3. Instruments used in different parts of themouth

C. Periodontaltherapy 1. Preparation of toothsurface 2. Plaquecontrol 3. Antimicrobialandotherdrugsusedinperiodontaltherapyandwastingdiseases

ofteeth 4. Periodontal management of HIV infectedpatients 5. Occlusalevaluationandtherapyinthemanagementofperiodontaldiseases 6. RoleofOrthodonticsasanadjuncttoperiodontaltherapy 7. Specialemphasisonprecautionsandtreatmentformedicallycompromisedpatients 8. Periodontalsplints 9. ManagementofDentinalhypersensitivity

D. Periodontalsurgicalphase-specialemphasisondrugprescription 1. Generalprinciplesofperiodontalsurgery 2. Surgicalanatomyofperiodontiumandrelatedstructures 3. GingivalCurettage 4. Gingivectomytechnique

112

5. Treatment of gingivalenlargements 6. Periodontalflap 7. Osseous surgery (resective andregenerative) 8. Furcationinvolvementanditsmanagement 9. The periodontic-endodonticcontinuum 10. Periodontal plastic and estheticsurgery 11. Recent advances in surgicaltechniques.

E. Futuredirectionsandcontroversialquestionsinperiodontaltherapy 1. Futuredirectionsforinfectioncontrol 2. Research directions in regenerativetherapy 3. Futuredirectionsinanti-inflammatorytherapy 4. Futuredirectionsinmeasurementofperiodontaldiseases

F. Periodontal maintenancephase 1. Supportiveperiodontaltreatment 2. Results of periodontaltreatment

ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY 1. Introductionandhistoricalreview 2. Biological,clinicalandsurgicalaspectsofdentalimplants 3. Diagnosis and treatmentPlanning 4. Implantsurgery 5. Prosthetic aspects of dentalimplants 6. DiagnosisandtreatmentofPeriimplantcomplications 7. Specialemphasisonplaquecontrolmeasuresimplantpatients 8. Maintenancephase

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MANAGEMENT OF MEDICAL EMERGENCIES IN PERIODONTAL PRACTICE

1. Syncope 2. Hemorrhage 3. Post-operativeinfections 4. Cardiacarrest 5. Epilepticseizure

RECENT ADVANCES

1. Recent advances in diagnosis- CBCT, ultrasonic probes, biomarkers. 2. Recent advances in etiopathogenesis- immunology, microbiology. 3. Advances in regenerative therapy- surgical techniques, bio materials, instruments. 4. Advances in implant therapy- Implant design, methods of ridge augmentation,

management of periimplantitis

TEACHING / LEARNING ACTIVITIES Seminars: A minimum of 15 seminars to be presented by each student during the P.G course (Atleast 5 seminars per year) Journalclubs:Aminimumof25Journalarticlestobereviewedbyeachstudentduring the P.Gcourse Seminars: Each P.G. student should present at least 1 seminar in an Interdepartmental meeting during the P.G course. Such meetings may be held at least once every month Library Assignment- one to be presented at the end of 18 months of the course

ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES: Thesyllabuswillbedividedinto9modulesandAssessmentexaminationwillbeconducted after every 3modules.

114

S.NO MODULES ACTIVITIES WORKS TO BEDONE

Module 1 (0-4 months)

Orientation to the PG program Pre-clinicalwork a. Dental 1. Practice of incisions and suturing techniques onthe

typhodont models. 2. Fabricationofbiteguardsandsplints. 3. Occlusal adjustment on the casts mounted on the

articulator 4. X-ray techniques andinterpretation. 5. Local anaesthetictechniques. b. Medical 1. Basic diagnostic microbiology and immunology,

collection and handling of sample and culture techniques.

2. Introductiontogenetics,bioinformatics. 3. Basicunderstanding of cell biologyand

immunologicaldiseases.

Clinical work 1. Applied periodontal indices 10cases 2. Scalingandrootplanning(SRP)

a. Hand 50cases 3. Observation / assessment of all periodontal

procedures includingimplants. 4. Elective posting in the dept of Oral and

Maxillofacial Surgery 2. Module 2

(5-8 months) 1. Interpretationofvariousbio-chemicalinvestigations. 2. Practicaltrainingandhandlingmedicalemergencies

and basic life supportdevices. 3. Basicbiostatistics–Surveyinganddataanalysis.

Clinical 1. Ultrasonicscaling 50cases 2. Rootplanning 50cases 3. Observation/assessmentofallperiodontal

procedures includingimplant. SelectionoftopicforLibraryDissertationandDissertation.

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3. Module 3 (9-12 months)

Submission of Dissertation synopsis Minor surgicalcases 20 cases Poster Presentation at the Specialityconference. Submission of Library Dissertation

4. Module 4 (13-16 months)

Clinical work 1. Case history andtreatmentplanning 10cases 2. Occlusaladjustments 10cases 3. Periosplints 10cases 4. Local drugdeliverytechniques 5cases 5. Screening cases fordissertation

5. Module 5 (17-20 months)

1. Periodontal surgicalprocedures. a. Basicflapprocedures 20cases

(Resective and regenerative osseoussurgeries) 2. Periodontal plasticsurgeries 10 cases

a. Increasingwidthofattachedgingival b. Root coverageprocedures c. Crown lengtheningprocedures d. Frenectomy e. Vestibuloplasty

6. Module 6 (21-24 months)

1. Ridge augmentationprocedures 2. Gingivaldepigmentation 3. Hemisection& root resection 2cases 4. Implants 2cases 5. InterdisciplinaryPeriodontics 5cases 6. Scientificpaper/posterpresentationattheconference. 7. Elective posting in the department of Oral

Implantology 7. Module 7

(25-28 months) Clinical work 1. Flap surgeries &regenerativetechniques 25 cases

(using various grafts & barriermembranes) 2. Assistance/observationofadvancedsurgicalprocedure 3. Record maintenance & follow-up of all treated

cases includingimplants. 4. Submissionofdissertation–6monthsbefore

completion of IIIyear. 5. Scientific paper presentation atconferences. 6. Perforamance of 5 cases using microsurgical

procedures

116

8. Module 8 (29-32 months)

1. Refiningofsurgicalskills. 2. Publicationofanarticleinascientificjournal. 3. Preparation for finalexams.

117

9. Module 9 (33-36 months)

1. Preparation for finalexams. 2. Mock exam 3. Universityexam

Note: Maintenance of Work Diary / Check list / Log books as prescribed.

ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION: In addition to regular evaluation, log book etc. Assessment examination should be conducted after every 3 modules & progress of the student monitored. MONITORING LEARNING PROGRESS: It is essential to monitor the learning progress to each candidate through continuous appraisal and regular assessment. It not only helps teachers to evaluate students, but also students to evaluate themselves. The monitoring to be done by the staff of the departmentbasedonparticipationofstudentsinvariousteaching/learningactivities.It maybestructuredandassessmentbedoneusingcheckliststhatassessvariousaspects.

SCHEME OF EXAMINATION: A. Theory: Part-I Paper-I : Applied Basic Sciences: 100 marks Applied Anatomy, Physiology, and Biochemistry, Pathology, Microbiology, Pharmacology, Research Methodology and Biostatistics.

There shall be 10 Short Essay Questions of 10 marks each (Total of 100 Marks)

Part-II

Paper-I : Normal Periodontal structure, Etiology and Pathogenesis of Periodontal diseases, epidemiology as related to Periodontics

Paper-II : Periodontal diagnosis, therapy and Oral implantology

Paper-III : Essays- Descriptive and analysing type questions Examination shall consist of Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III, each of three hours duration.Paper-I&Paper-IIshallconsistoftwolongEssayQuestionscarrying25marks eachandfiveshortEssayquestionscarrying10markseach.Paper-IIIwillbeonEssays. In Paper-III three Questions will be given and student has to answer any two questions. Each question carries 50 marks. Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all thepapers. Note :Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers. The topics assigned to the different papers are generally evaluated under those sections. However a strict division of the subject may not be possible and some overlapping of topics is inevitable. The candidate should be prepared to answer overlapping topics.

118

B. Practical / Clinical Examination : 200 Marks Theclinicalexaminationshallbeoftwodaysduration 1st day Casediscussion

• Longcase -One • Shortcase -One

Periodontal surgery – Periodontal flap surgery on a previously prepared case in one quadrant of the mouth after getting approval from the examiners 2nd day Post-surgical review and discussion of the case treated on the 1st day Presentation of dissertation & discussion Alltheexaminersshallparticipateinalltheaspectsofclinicalexaminations/VivaVoce

DistributionofMarksforClinicalexamination(recommended)

C. Viva Voce : 100Marks i. Viva-Voce examination : 80marks

All examiners will conduct viva-voce conjointly on candidate’s comprehension, analyticalapproach,expression,interpretationofdataandcommunicationskills.It includesallcomponentsofcoursecontents.Itincludespresentationanddiscussion on dissertationalso.

ii. PedagogyExercise:20marks Atopicbegiventoeachcandidateinthebeginningofclinicalexamination.He/she is asked to make a presentation on the topic for 8-10minutes.

a) Long Case discussion 75 b) 1 short case 25 c) Periodontal surgery 75 d) Post – operative review 25

Total 200

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Reference Text Books and Learning Materials : Text Books

1. Clinical Periodontology, Carranza and Newman, Elsevier Publication, 2017,

2ndSouth AsiaEdition, 2. Clinical Periodontology, Carranza and Newman, SB Saunders Company, 2011.

11thEdition, 3. Clinical Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Jan Lindhe, T. Karring, NP Lang,

Munksgaurd Copenhagen, 2015, 6thEdition 4. Fundamentals of Periodontics, Wilson &Kornman, Quintessence PublishingCo

2014, 2ndEdition,

Journals

1. Journal of Periodontology, WileyPublications 2. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, WileyPublications 3. Journal of Periodontal Research, WileyPublications 4. Periodontology 2000, WileyPublications

*****

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Speciality: PROSTHODONTICS AND CROWN & BRIDGE

Program Code: 23DENT04D

PROGRAM OUTCOMES At the end of the program, graduates will be able to...

1. Demonstrate knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the oral and peri-oral

tissues 2. Describeoftheepidemiology,etiology,pathologyandclinicalpresentationofdiseases of

the oral and peri-oraltissues 3. Elicitrelevanthistoryandreformappropriateclinicalexaminationsneededtoevaluate the

oral and related medical conditions for allpatients 4. Implement clinical solutions in response to prosthodontic clinical problems by

developing an evidence based treatment plan and taking an holistic approach to solving problems and designing treatmentplans

5. Apply knowledge of biomaterial science to provide and tailor safe, effective prosthodontic solutions toclients

6. Demonstrate ability to critically assess scientific papers and available evidence such as guidelines and apply it into clinicalpractice

7. Demonstrate communication skills, with patients and other professionals in clinical and professional settings

8. Function as an effective team leader of a multi professional team practicing Prosthodontics

9. Demonstrate a respect for human values, human rights and socialresponsibilities

Aim: Prosthodontics is the Branch of Dental Art and Science pertaining to the restoration and maintenance of oral function, health and comfort and appearance by the replacement of missing or lost natural teeth and associated tissues either by fixed or removable artificial substitutes.

Totraindentalgraduatessoastoensurehighercompetenceinbothgeneralandspecialareas of Prosthodontics and prepare a candidate for teaching, research and clinical abilities, including prevention and after care in Prosthodontics including crown and bridge and implantology.

General objectives of the course: • Training programme in Prosthetic dentistry including Crown &Bridge

&Implantologyisstructuredtoachieveknowledgeandskillintheoreticalandclinical

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laboratory, attitude, communicative skills and ability to research with understanding of social, cultural, educational and environmental background of the society.

• To have acquired adequate knowledge and understanding of applied basic and systemicmedicalscience,knowledgeingeneralandparticularlyofheadandneck.

• The postgraduates will be able to provide Prosthodontic therapy for patients with competence and working knowledge with understanding of applied medical, behavioral and clinical science, that are beyond the treatment skills of the general BDS graduateandMDSgraduateofotherspecialties,todemonstrateevaluativeandjudgment skills in making appropriate decisions regarding prevention, treatment, after care and referral to deliver comprehensive care topatients.

Knowledge:

The candidate should possess knowledge of applied basic and systemic medical sciences.

• On human anatomy, embryology, histology, applied in general and particularly to head and neck, Physiology &Biochemistry, Pathology and Microbiology, virology, health and diseases of various systems of the body (systemic) principles in surgery and medicine, pharmacology, nutrition, behavioral science, age changes, genetics, Immunology, Congenital defects and syndrome and Anthropology, Bioengineering, Bio-medical and BiologicalPrincipleandapplicationstoDentalmaterialscience.

• Candidatesshallacquireknowledgeandpracticeofhistorytaking,systemicandoroand Craniofacialregionanddiagnosisandtreatmentplanandprognosisrecordmaintaining.A comprehensiverehabilitationconceptwithpreprosthetictreatmentplanincludingsurgicalRe-evaluation and Prosthodontic treatment plan, impressions, jaw relations, utility of face bow and articulators, selection and positioning of teeth for retention, stability, esthetics, phonationandpsychologicalcomfort.Fitandinsertionandinstructionforpatientsaftercare andpreventiveProsthodontics,management offailedrestorations.

• Understandingallappliedaspectsforachievingphysical,psychologicalwellbeingofthe patients for control of diseases and / or treatment related syndromes with the patient satisfaction and restoring function of Cranio mandibular system for a quality life of a patient

• AbilitytodiagnoseandplannedtreatmentforpatientsrequiringaProsthodontictherapy • Ability to read and interpret a radiograph and other investigations for the purpose of

diagnosis and treatmentplan. • The theoretical knowledge and clinical practice shall include principles involved for

support, retention, stability, esthetics, phonation, mastication, occlusion, behavioral, psychological, preventive and social aspects of science of Prosthodontics including Crown&BridgeandImplantology.

• Toothandtoothsurfacerestorations,CompletedentureProsthodontics,removablepartial denture Prosthodontics, fixed Prosthodontics and maxillofacial andCraniofacial

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Prosthodontics, implants and implant supported Prosthodontics, T.M.J. and occlusion, craniofacial esthetic, and biomaterials, craniofacial disorders, problems of psychogenic origin.

• Age changes and Prosthodontic Therapy for theaged. • AbilitytodiagnosefailedrestorationandprovideProsthodontictherapyandaftercare. • Should have essential knowledge on ethics, laws and Jurisprudence and forensic

Odontology inProsthodontics. • General health conditions and emergency as related to Prosthodonticstreatment. • Identify social, cultural, economic, environmental, educational and emotional

determinantsofthepatientandconsidertheminplanningthetreatment. • Identify cases, which are outside the area of his speciality/ competence and refer them

to appropriatespecialists. • Adviceregardingcasemanagementinvolvingsurgical,interimtreatmentetc. • Competentspecializationinteammanagementofcraniofacialdesign. • To have acquired adequate knowledge and understanding of applied basic and

systematicmedicalscienceknowledgeingeneralandparticulartoheadandneck. • Should attend continuing education programmes, seminars and conferences related to

Prosthodontics,thusupdatinghimself. • Teach and guide his/her team, colleague and othercandidates. • Should be able to use information technology tools and carry out research both basic

and clinical, with the aims of publishing his/ her work and presenting his/ her work at various scientificforums.

• Should have essential knowledge of personal hygiene, infection control, prevention of cross infection and safe disposal of waste, keeping in view the risks of transmission of Hepatitis andHIV.

• Should have an ability to plan to establish Prosthodontics clinic/hospital teaching department and practicemanagement.

• Should have a sound knowledge for the application of pharmacology. Effects of drugs onoraltissueandsystemsofabodyandformedicallycompromisedpatients.

• The postgraduates will be able to provide Prosthodontic therapy for patients with competence and working knowledge with understanding of applied medical behavioral and clinical science that are beyond the treatment skills of the general BDS graduateandMDSgraduateofotherspecialtiestodemonstrate,evaluativeandjudgment skills in making appropriate decisions regarding prevention, treatment after care and referral to deliver comprehensive care topatients.

Skills: • The candidate should be able to examine the patients requiring Prosthodontics therapy,

investigate the patient systemically, analyze the investigation results,radiography,

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diagnose the ailment, plan a treatment, communicate it with the patient and execute it. • Understandtheprevalenceandpreventionofdiseasesofcraniomandibularsystemrelated to

Prosthetic dentistry. • ThecandidateshouldbeabletorestorelostfunctionsofStomatognathicsystemnamely

mastication, speech, appearance and psychological comforts. By understanding biological, biomedical, bioengineering principles and systemic condition of the patient to provide a quality health care of thecraniofacial region.

• The candidate should be able to interact with other speciality including medical specialityforaplannedteammanagementofpatientsforacraniofacialandoralacquired and congenital defects, Temporomandibular joint syndromes, esthetics, Implant supportedProstheticsandproblemsofPsychogenicorigin.

• Should be able to demonstrate the clinical competence necessary to carry out appropriatetreatmentathigherlevelofknowledge,trainingandpracticeskillscurrently available in their specialtyarea.

• Identify target diseases and awareness amongst the population for Prosthodontic therapy.

• Perform clinical and Laboratory procedures with understanding of biomaterials, tissue conditions related to prosthesis and have competent dexterity and skill for performing clinical and laboratory procedures in fixed, removable, implant, maxillofacial, TMJ and estheticsProsthodontics.

• Laboratory technique management based on skills and knowledge of Dental Materialsanddentalequipmentandinstrumentmanagement.

• TounderstanddemographicdistributionandtargetdiseasesofCraniomandibularregion related toProsthodontics.

Attitudes: • Adopt ethical principles in all Prosthodontic practice. Professional honesty and

integrityaretobefostered.Treatmenttobedeliveredirrespectiveofsocialstatus,caste, creed or religion ofpatient.

• Willingtosharetheknowledgeandclinicalexperiencewithprofessionalcolleagues. • WillingtoadoptnewmethodsandtechniquesinProsthodonticsfromtimetotime based on

scientific research, which is in patient’s bestinterest. • Respect patient’s rights and privileges including patients right to information and right

to seek secondopinion.

Human Values, Ethical Practice and Communicative Abilities: • Adopt Ethical principles in all aspects of Prosthodonticspractice. • Develop professional honesty andintegrity • Deliver patient care irrespective of social status, caste, creed or religion of thepatient.

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• Respect patient's rights and privileges including patients right to information and right to seek secondopinion.

• Develop communication skills, in particular, to explain treatment option available in management.

• Provide leadership and get the best out of his group in a congenial working atmosphere.

• Apply high moral and ethical standards while carrying out human or animalresearch. • Should be able to communicate in simple understandable language with the patient

and explain the principles of Prosthodontics to the patient. He should be able to guide and counsel the patient with regard to various treatment modalitiesavailable.

• Develop the ability to communicate with professional colleagues through various media like Internet, e-mail, videoconference, and etc. to render the best possible treatment.

Part – I: Applied Basic Sciences

1. AppliedAnatomyofHeadandNeck: GeneralHumanAnatomy–GrossAnatomy,anatomyofHeadandNeckindetail.Cranial andfacialbones,TMJandfunction,musclesofmasticationandfacialexpression,muscles of neck and back including muscles of deglutition and tongue, arterial supply and venous drainage of the head and neck, anatomy of the Para nasal sinuses with relation to the Vth cranial nerve. General consideration of the structure and function of the brain. Brief considerationsofV,VII,XI,XII,cranial nervesandautonomicnervoussystemofthehead and neck. The salivary glands, Pharynx, Larynx Trachea, Esophagus, Functional Anatomy of mastication, Deglutition, speech, respiration, and circulation, teeth eruption, morphology, occlusion and function. Anatomy of TMJ, its movements and myofacial pain dysfunctionsyndrome. Embryology – Development of the face, tongue, jaws, TMJ, Paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, Salivary glands, Development of oral and Para oral tissue including detailed aspects of tooth and dental hard tissue formation. Growth & Development – Facial form and Facial growth and development overview of Dentofacial growth process and physiology from fetal period to maturity and old age, comprehensive study of craniofacial biology. General physical growth, functional and anatomical aspects of the head, changes in craniofacial skeletal, relationship between development of the dentition and facial growth. Dental Anatomy – Anatomy of primary and secondary dentition, concept of occlusion, mechanismofarticulation,andmasticatoryfunction.Detailedstructuralandfunctionalstudy of the oral dental and Para oral tissues. Normal occlusion, development of occlusion in deciduous mixed and permanent dentitions, root length, root configuration, tooth-numbering system.Histology–histologyofenamel,dentin,Cementum,periodontalligamentandalveolar

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bone,pulpalanatomy,histologyandbiologicalconsideration.SalivaryglandsandHistologyof epithelial tissuesincluding glands. Histology of general and specific connective tissue including bone, hematopoietic system, lymphoid etc. Muscleandneuraltissues,Endocrinalsystemincludingthyroid,Salivaryglands,Histology ofskin,oralmucosa,respiratorymucosa,connectivetissue,bone,cartilage,cellularelementsof bloodvessels,blood,lymphatic,nerves,muscles,tongue,toothanditssurroundingstructures.

Anthropology & Evolution – Comparative study of tooth, joints, jaws, muscles of mastication and facial expression, tongue, palate, facial profile and facial skeletal system. Comparative anatomy of skull, bone, brain, musculo – skeletal system, neuromuscular coordination, posture and gait – plantigradee and orthogradee posture. Applied Genetics and Heredity – Principles of orofacial genetics, molecular basis of genetics, genetic risks, counseling, bioethics and relationship to Orthodontic management. Dent facial anomalies, Anatomical, psychological and pathological characteristic of major groups of developmental defects of the orofacial structures. Cell Biology – Detailed study of the structure and function of the mammalian cell with special emphasis on ultra structural features and molecular aspects. Detailed consideration ofIntercellularjunctions.Cellcycleanddivision,cellto-cellandcell-extracellularmatrix interactions.

2. Applied Physiology and Nutrition : Introduction, Mastication, deglutition, digestion and assimilation, Homeostasis, fluid and electrolyte balance. Blood composition, volume, function, blood groups and hemorrhage, Blood transfusion, circulation, Heart, Pulse, Blood pressure, capillary and lymphatic circulation, shock, respiration, control, anoxia, hypoxia, asphyxia, artificial respiration. Endocrine glands in particular reference to pituitary, parathyroid and thyroid glands and sex hormones. Role of calcium and VitD in growth and development of teeth, bone and jaws. Role of Vit. A, C and B complex in oral mucosal and periodontal health. Physiology and function of the masticatory system. Speech mechanism, mastication, swallowing and deglutitionmechanism,salivaryglandsandSaliva. Laboratorydeterminations:Bloodgroups,bloodmatching,R.B.C.andW.B.C.count,Bleeding andclottingtime,Smearsandcultures–urineanalysisandculture Endocrines: General principles of endocrine activity and disorders relating to pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, parathyroid, adrenals, gonads, including pregnancy and lactation. Physiology of saliva, urine formation, normal and abnormal constituents, Physiology of pain, Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Neuromuscular co-ordination of the Stomatognathic system.

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3. AppliedBiochemistry: General principles governing the various biological activities of the body, such as osmotic pressure, electrolytic dissociation, oxidation-reduction, etc. general composition of the body, intermediary metabolism, Carbohydrates, proteins, liquids and their metabolism, Enzymes, Vitamins, and minerals, Hormones, Blood and other body fluids, Metabolism of inorganic elements, Detoxication in the body, Anti metabolites Applied nutrition: General principles, balanced diet, effect of dietary deficiencies and starvation, Diet, digestion, absorption, transportation and utilization, diet for elderly patients.

4. Applied Pharmacology andTherapeutics: Definitionofterminologiesused–Dosageandmodeofadministrationofdrugs.Actionand fateofdrugsinthebody,Drugaddiction,toleranceandhypersensitivereactions,Drugsacting on the central nervous system, general anesthetics hypnotics. Analeptics and tranquilizers, Local anesthetics, Chemotherapeutics and antibiotics. Antitubercular and anti syphilitic drugs, Analgesics and antipyretics, Antiseptics, styptics, Sialogogues and antisialogogues, Haematinics, Cortisone, ACTH, insulin and other antidiabetics vitamins: A, D, B – complex group C and K etc. Chemotherapy andRadiotherapy.

5. Applied Pathology: Inflammation, repair and degeneration, Necrosis and gangrene, Circulatory disturbances, Ischemia, hyperemia, chronic venous congestion, edema, thrombosis, embolism and infarction. Infection and infective granulomas, Allergy and hypersensitive reaction, Neoplasm; Classification of tumors, Carcinogenesis, characteristics of benign and malignant tumors, spread of tumors. Applied histo pathology and clinical pathology.

6. AppliedMicrobiology: Immunity, knowledge of organisms commonly associated with diseases of the oral cavity (morphology cultural characteristics etc) of strepto, staphylo, pneumo, gono and meningococci, Clostridia group of organisms, Spirochetes, organisms of tuberculosis, leprosy, diphtheria, actinomycosis and moniliasis etc. Virology, Cross infection control, sterilization and hospital waste management

7. Applied OralPathology: Developmental disturbances of oral and Para oral structures, Regressive changes of teeth, Bacterial, viral and mycotic infections of oral cavity, Dental caries, diseases of pulp and periapical tissues, Physical and chemical injuries of the oral cavity, oral manifestations of metabolicandendocrinedisturbances,Diseasesofthebloodand bloodformingorganismin

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relation to the oral cavity, Periodontal diseases, Diseases of the skin, nerves and muscles in relation to the Oral cavity.

8. AppliedRadiology: Introduction, radiation, background of radiation, sources, radiation biology, somatic damage, genetic damage, protection from primary and secondary radiation, Principles of X-ray production, Applied principles of radio therapy and after care. Roentgenographic techniques: Intra oral: Extra oral roentgenography, Methods of localizationdigitalradiologyandultrasound,Normalanatomicallandmarksofteethandjaws inradiograms,temporomandibularjointradiograms,neckradiograms.

9. AppliedMedicine: Systemic diseases and its influence on general health and oral and dental health. Medical emergencies in the dental offices – Prevention, preparation, medico legal consideration, unconsciousness, respiratory distress, altered consciousness, seizures, drug related emergencies,chestpain,cardiacarrest,premedication,andmanagementofambulatory patients,resuscitation,appliedpsychiatry,child,adultandseniorcitizens.Assessmentofcase, premaliation,inhibition,monitoring,extubalin,complication assist inO.T.foranesthesia.

10. Applied Surgery&Anesthesia: Generalprinciplesofsurgery,woundhealing,incisionwoundcare,hospitalcare,controlof hemorrhage, electrolyte balance. Common bandages, sutures, splints, shifting of critically ill patients, prophylactic therapy, bone surgeries, grafts, etc, surgical techniques, nursing assistance, anestheticassistance. Principles in speech therapy, surgical and radiological craniofacial oncology, applied surgical ENT and ophthalmology. Plastic surgery: Applied understanding and assistance in programmes of plastic surgery for prosthodonticstherapy.

11. Applied Biostatistics &ResearchMethodology:

Study of Biostatistics as applied to dentistry and research. Definition, aim characteristics and limitations of statistics, planning of statistical experiments, sampling, collection, classification and presentation of data (Tables, graphs, pictograms etc) Analysis of data

Introduction to Biostatistics: Scope and need for statistical application to biological data. Definition of selected terms – scale of measurements related to statistics, Methods of collecting data, presentation of the statistical diagrams and graphs.

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Frequencycurves,mean,modeofmedian,Standarddeviationandco-efficientofvariation, Correlation–Co-efficientanditssignificance,Binominaldistributionsnormaldistribution andPoissondistribution,Testsofsignificance

Research Methodology: Understanding and evaluating dental research, scientific method and the behavior of scientists,understandingtologic–inductivelogic–analogy,models,authority,hypothesis andcausation,Quacks,Cranks,AbusesofLogic,MeasurementandErrorsofmeasurement, presentationofresults,Reliability,Sensitivityandspecificitydiagnosistestandmeasurement, Research Strategies, Observation, Correlation, Experimentation and Experimental design. Logicofstatisticalinterferencebalancejudgements,judgementunderuncertainty,clinicalvs., scientific judgement, problem with clinical judgement, forming scientific judgements, the problem of contradictory evidence, citation analysis as a Means of literature evaluation, influencingjudgement:LowerformsofRhetoricallife,Denigration,Terminal,Inexactitude.

12. Applied DentalMaterials: • All materials used for treatment of craniofacial disorders – Clinical, treatment, and

laboratorymaterials,Associatedmaterials,Technicalconsideration,shelflife,storage, manipulations,sterilization,andwastemanagement.

• Students shall be trained and practiced for all clinical procedures with an advanced knowledge of theory of principles, concepts and techniques of various honorably accepted methods and materials for Prosthodontics, treatment modalities includes honorable accepted methods of diagnosis, treatment plan, records maintenance, and treatment and laboratory procedures and after care andpreventive.

• Understanding all applied aspects for achieving physical, psychological well being of thepatientsforcontrolofdiseasesand/ortreatmentrelatedsyndromeswiththepatient satisfaction and restoring function of Cranio mandibular system for a quality life of a patient.

• The theoretical knowledge and clinical practice shall include principles involved for support, retention, stability, esthetics, phonation, mastication, occlusion, behavioral, psychological,preventiveandsocialaspectsofscienceofProsthodonticsincluding Crown&BridgeandImplantology.

• Theoretical knowledge and clinical practice shall include knowledge for laboratorypracticeandmaterialscience.Studentsshallacquireknowledgeand practice of history taking, systemic and oro and Craniofacial region and diagnosis and treatment planandprognosisrecordmaintaining.Acomprehensive rehabilitationconceptwith pre prosthetic treatment plan including surgical Reevaluation and prosthodontic treatmentplan,impressions,jawrelations,utility offacebowandarticulators,selection andpositioningofteethforretention,stability,esthetics,phonationandpsychological comfort. Fit and insertion and instruction for patients after care andpreventive

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Prosthodontics, management of failed restorations. • TMJ syndromes, occlusion rehabilitation and craniofacial esthetics. State of the art

clinical methods and materials for implants supported extra oral and intra oral prosthesis.

• Student shall acquire knowledge of testing biological, mechanical and other physical propertyofallmaterialusedfortheclinicalandlaboratoryproceduresinprosthodontic therapy.

• Students shall acquire full knowledge and practice Equipments, instruments, materials, and laboratory procedures at a higher competence with acceptedmethods.

Allclinicalpracticeshallinvolvepersonalandsocialobligationofcrossinfectioncontrol, sterilization and wastemanagement.

ESSENTIAL APPLIED ASPECTS OF BASIC SCIENCES:

The students must know the essential applied aspects of Basic Sciences and seminars should be presented and should be able to frame long essays and also short essays on such aspects:

1. AppliedAnatomy

• TemperomandibularJoint

• Muscles ofMastication

• MandibularMovements

• Tongue

• SalivaryGlands

2. Applied Embryology, Growth andDevelopment

• Development of Palate

• Development ofTongue

• Development of Maxilla and Mandible

• Development ofTooth

3. AppliedPhysiology

• Neuromuscular co-ordination of StomatognathicSystem

• Physiology and Function of MasticatorySystem

• Gagging

• Saliva and itsFunctions

• Blood

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• BonePhysiology

4. Applied Biochemistry andNutrition

• GeriatricNutrition

• CalciumMetabolism

• Homeostatsis

• Genetics

5. Applied General and OralPathology

• Inflammation

• Repair andregeneration

• Carcinogenesis

• Developmental anomalies of Head andNeck

• Regressive Changes ofTeeth

• Candidiasis

6. AppliedMicrobiology

• Immunity

• OralMicroflora

• Sterilization and Hospital WasteManagement

• Cross Infection Control

• Antigen-AntibodyReactions

7. AppliedPharmacology

• Local Anesthetics

• Antibiotics

• Analgesics

• Sialogogues andAnti-Sialogogues

8. Applied Dental Materials

• General Physical and Chemical Properties of Dentalmaterials

• Direct and Indirect RestorativeMaterials

• Auxiliary DentalMaterials

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9. Biostatistics and ResearchMethodology

• Mean, Mode,Median

• StandardDeviation

• Tests ofSignificance

• Formation of Hypothesis and StudyPlan.

Part II : Removable Prosthodontics, Implant supported Prosthesis , Geriatric

Dentistry and Craniofacial Prosthodontics • Prosthodontic treatment for completely dentulous patients–Complete denture, immediate

complete denture, single complete denture, tooth supported complete denture, Implant supported Prosthesis for completely edentulouspatients.

• Prosthodontic treatment for partially edentulous patients:-Clasp-retained partial dentures, intracoronal and extracoronal precision attachments retained partial dentures, maxillofacialprosthesis.

• Prosthodontic treatment for Geriatric Dentistry and CraniofacialProsthodontics

Complete Denture Prosthodontics : • Definitions, terminology, G.P.T., Boucher’s clinical dental terminology. Edentulous

Predicament, Biomechanics of the edentulous state, Support mechanism for the natural dentition and complete dentures, Biological considerations, Functional and Para functional considerations, Esthetic, behavioral and adaptive responses, Temperomandibular jointschanges.

Removable Prosthodontics and Implants :

A. Prosthodontictreatmentforcompletelyedentulouspatients–Completedenture,immediate complete denture, single complete denture, tooth supported complete denture, Implant supportedProsthesisforcompletelyedentulous

B. Prosthodontic treatment for partially edentulous patients: - Clasp-retained partial dentures, intra coronal and extra coronal precision attachments retained partial dentures, maxillofacialprosthesis.

C. Prosthodontic treatment for edentulous patients: - Complete Dentures and Implant supported Prosthesis:

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Complete Denture Prosthesis • Definitions,terminology,G.P.T.,Boucher’sclinical dentalterminology • Edentulous Predicament, Biomechanics of the edentulous state, Support mechanism for

the natural dentition and complete dentures, Biological considerations, Functional and Para functional considerations, Esthetic, behavioral and adaptive responses, Temperomandibular jointschanges.

• Effectsofagingofedentulouspatients–agingpopulation,distributionandedentulisminold age,impactofageonedentulousmouth–Mucosa,Bone,saliva,jawmovementsinoldage, tasteandsmell,nutrition,aging,skinandteeth,concernforpersonalappearanceinoldage.

• Sequalae caused by wearing complete denture – the denture in the oral environment – Mucosalreactions,alteredtasteperception,burningmouthsyndrome,gagging,residualridgereduction, denture stomatitis, flabby ridge, denture irritation hyperplasia, traumatic Ulcers, Oral cancer in denture wearers, nutritional deficiencies, masticatory ability and performance,nutritionalstatusandmasticatoryfunctions.

• Temporomandibular disorders in edentulous patients – Epidemiology, etiology and management,Pharmacotherapy,Physicalmodalities,andBio-behavioralmodalities

• Nutrition Care for the denture wearing patient – Impact of dental status on food intake, Gastrointestinal functions, nutritional needs and status of older adults, Calcium and bone health, vitamin and herbal supplementation, dietary counseling and risk factor for malnutrition in patients with dentures and when teeth areextracted.

• Preparing patient for complete denture patients – Diagnosis and treatment planning for edentulous and partially edentulous patients – familiarity with patients, principles of perception, health questionnaires and identification data, problem identification, prognosis and treatment identification data, problem identification, prognosis and treatment planning – contributing history – patient’s history, social information, medical status–systemicstatuswithspecialreferencetodebilitatingdiseases,diseasesofthejoint, cardiovascular,diseaseoftheskin,neurologicaldisorders,oralmalignancies,climacteric,use of drugs, mental health – mental attitude, psychological changes, adaptability, geriatric changes

• physiologic, pathological, pathological and intra oral changes. Intra oral health mucose membrane,alveolarridges,palateandvestibularsulcusanddentalhealth.

• Datacollectionandrecording,visualobservation,radiography,palpation,measurement– sulci or fossae, extra oral measurement, the vertical dimension of occlusion, diagnostic casts.

• Specific observations – existing dentures, soft tissue health, hard tissue health – teeth, bone

• Biomechanical considerations – jaw relations, border tissues, saliva, muscular development–muscletone,neuromuscularco-ordination,tongue,cheekandlips.

• Interpretingdiagnosticfindingsandtreatmentplanning

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• Preprostheticsurgery–Improvingthepatientsdenturebearingareasandridgerelations: • non surgical methods – rest for the denture supporting tissues, occlusal correction of the

oldprosthesis,goodnutrition,conditioningofthepatients musculature,surgicalmethods– Correction of conditions, that preclude optimal prosthetic function – hyperplastic ridge – epulisfissuratum and papillomatosis, frenular attachments and pendulous maxillary tuberosities, ridge augmentation, maxillary and Mandibular oral implants, corrections of congenitaldeformities,discrepanciesinjawsize,reliefofpressureonthementalforamen, enlargement of denture bearing areas, vestibuloplasty, ridge augmentation, replacement of tooth roots with Osseo integrated dentureimplants.

• Immediate Denture – Advantages, disadvantages, contra indication, diagnosis treatmentplanandprognosis,Explanationtothepatient,Oralexaminations,examination of existing prosthesis, tooth modification, prognosis, referrals/ adjunctive care, oral prophylaxis and othertreatment needs.

• First extraction/surgical visit, preliminary impressions and diagnostic casts, management of loose teeth, custom trays, final impressions and final casts two tray or sectional custom impression tray, location of posterior limit and jaw relation records, setting the denture teeth / verifying jaw relations and the patient try in, laboratory phase, setting of anterior teeth, Wax contouring, flaskingand boil out, processing and finishing, surgical templates, surgery and immediate denture insertion, post operative care and patient instructions, subsequent service for the patient on the immediate denture, over denture tooth attachments, implants or implantattachments.

• Over dentures (tooth supported complete dentures) – indications and treatment planning, advantagesanddisadvantages,selectionofabutment teeth,loseofabutmentteeth,tooth supported complete dentures. Noncopingabutments, abutment with copings, abutments withattachments,submergedvitalroots,preparationsoftheretainedteeth.

• Single Dentures: Single Mandibular denture to oppose natural maxillary teeth, single complete maxillary denture to oppose natural Mandibular teeth to oppose a partially edentulousMandibulararchwithfixedprosthesis,partiallyedentulousMandibulararch with removable partial dentures. Opposing existing complete dentures, preservation of the residualalveolarridge,necessityforretainingmaxillaryteethandmentaltrauma.

• Artofcommunicationinthemanagementoftheedentulouspredicament–Communication –scope,amodelofcommunication,whycommunicationimportant,whataretheelementsof effectivecommunications,specialsignificanceofdoctor/patientcommunication,doctor behavior, The iatrosedative(doctor &act of making calm) recognizing and acknowledging the problem, exploring and identifying the problem, interpreting and explaining the problem, offering a solution to the problem for mobilize their resources to operate most efficient way, recognizing and acknowledging the problem, interpreting and explainingtheproblem,offeringasolutiontotheproblem.

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• Materials prescribed in the management of edentulous patients - Denture base materials, General requirements of biomaterials for edentulous patients, requirement of an ideal denturebase,chemicalcompositionofdenturebaseresins,materialsusedinthefabrication of prosthetic denture teeth, requirement of prosthetic denture teeth, denture lining materialsandtissueconditioners,castmetalalloysasdenture,bases–basemetal alloys.

• Articulators – Classification, selection, limitations, precision, accuracy and sensitivity, and Functional activities of the lower member of the articulator anduses.

• Fabrications of complete dentures – complete denture impressions – muscles of facial expressionsandanatomicallandmarks,support,retention,stability,aimsandobjectives – preservation, support, stability, aesthetics, and retention. Impression materials and techniques – need of 2 impressions the preliminary impression and final impression. Developing an analogue / substitute for the maxillary denture bearing area – anatomy of supporting structures – mucous membrane, hard palate, residual ridge, shape of the supporting structure and factors that influence the form and size of the supporting bones, incisive foramen, maxillary tuberosity, sharp spiny process, torus palatinus, Anatomy of peripheral or limiting structures, labial vestibule, Buccal vestibule, vibrating line, preliminary and final impressions, impression making, custom tray and refining the customtray,preparingthetraytosecurethefinalimpression, makingthefinalimpression, boxing impression and making the casts. Developing an analogue / substitute for the Mandibulardenturebearingarea-Mandible–anatomyofsupportingstructure,crestofthe residual ridge, the Buccal shelf, shape of supporting structure, mylohyoid ridge, mental foramen, genial tubercles, torus mandibularis, Anatomy of peripheral or limiting structure – labial vestibule, Buccal vestibule, lingual border, mylohyoid muscle, retromylohyoidfossa,sublingualglandregion,alveolingualsulcus,Mandibularimpressions – preliminaryimpressions,customtray,refining,preparingthetray\,finalimpressions.

• Mandibular movements, Maxillo mandibular relation and concepts of occlusion - Gnathology,identificationofshapeandlocationofarchform–Mandibularandmaxillary, occlusion rim, level of occlusal plane and recording of trail denture base, tests to determine vertical dimension of occlusion, interocclusal, centric relation records, Biological and clinical considerations in making jaw relation records and transferring records from the patients to the articulator, Recording of Mandibular movements – influence of opposing tooth contacts, Temporomandibular joint, muscular involvements, neuromuscular regulation of Mandibular motion, the envelope of motion, rest position, Maxillo – Mandibular relations – the centric, eccentric, physiologic rest position, vertical dimension, occlusion, recording methods – mechanical, physiological, Determining the horizontaljawrelation–Functionalgraphics,tactileorinterocclusalcheckrecordmethod, Orientation sagittal relation records, Arbitrary/ Hinge axis and face bow record, significance and requirement, principles and biological considerations and securing on articulators.

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• Selectingandarrangingartificialteethandocclusionfortheedentulouspatient–anterior toothselection,posteriortoothselection,andprinciplesinarrangementofteeth,andfactors governingpositionofteeth–horizontal,vertical.Theinclinationsandarrangementofteethfor aesthetics, phonetics and mechanics – to concept ofocclusion.

• The Try in – verifying vertical dimension, centric relation, establishment of posterior palatal seal, creating a facial and functional harmony with anterior teeth, harmony of spaces of individual teeth position, harmony with sex, personality and age of the patient, correlating aesthetics and incisalguidance.

• Speech considerations with complete dentures – speech production – structural and functionaldemands,neuropsychologicalbackground,speechproductionandtherollofteeth and other oral structures – bilabial sounds, labiodentals sounds, linguodental sounds, linguoalveolarsound, articulatoriccharacteristics, acoustic characteristics, auditory characteristics, linguopalatal and linguoalveolar sounds, speech analysis and prosthetic considerations.

• Waxing contouring and processing the dentures their fit and insertion and after care – laboratory procedure – wax contouring, flasking and processing, laboratory remount procedures and selective, finishing and polishing. Critiquing the finished prosthesis – doctors evaluation, patients evaluation, friends evaluation, elimination of basal surface errors, errors in occlusion, interocclusalrecords for remounting procedures – verifying centricrelation, eliminatingocclusalerrors,specialinstructionstothepatient–appearance withnewdenture,masticationwithnewdentures,speakingwithnewdentures,speaking with new dentures, oral hygiene with dentures, preserving of residual ridges and educational material for patients, maintaining the comfort and health of the oral cavity in the rehabilitated edentulous patients. Twenty-four hours oral examination and treatment and preventive Prosthodontic – periodontic recall for oral examination 3 to 4 months intervals and yearlyintervals.

• Implant supported Prosthesis for partially edentulous patients – Science of Osseo integration, clinical protocol for treatment with implant supported over dentures, managing problems and complications, implant Prosthodontics for edentulous patients: current and futuredirections.

Implant supported prosthesis for partially edentulous patients – Clinical and laboratory protocol: Implant supported prosthesis, managing problems and complications

• IntroductionandHistoricalReview • Biological,clinicalandsurgicalaspectsoforalimplants • Diagnosisandtreatmentplanning • Radiologicalinterpretationforselectionoffixtures • Radiologicalinterpretationforselectionoffixtures • Splintsforguidancefortsurgicalplacementoffixtures

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• Intra oral plasticsurgery • GuidedboneandTissuegenerationconsiderationforimplantsfixture. • Implants supported prosthesis for complete edentulism andpartial edentulism

• Occlusionforimplantssupportprosthesis. • Peri-implant tissue andManagement • Peri – implant andmanagement • Maintenance and aftercare • Management of failedrestoration. • Work authorization for implant supported prosthesis – definitive instructions,

legalaspects,delineationofresponsibility.

Prosthodontic treatment for partially edentulous patients – Removable partial Prosthodontics :

i) Scope, definition and terminology, Classification of partially edentulous arches - requirements of an acceptable methods of classification, Kennedy’sclassification, Applegate’s rules for applying the Kennedy classification

ii) ComponentsofRPD–majorconnector–mandibularandmaxillary,minorconnectors, design, functions, form and location of major and minor connectors, tissue stops, finishing lines, reaction of tissue to metalliccoverage. Restandrestseats–fromoftheOcclusalrestandrestseat,interproximal Occlusalrest seats,internalOcclusalrests,possiblemovementsofpartialdentures,supportforrests, lingual rests on canines and incisor teeth, incisal rest and restseat. Directretainer-Internalattachment,extracoronaldirectretainer,relativeuniformityof retention, flexibility of clasp arms, stabilizing – reciprocal clasp are, criteria for selecting a given clasp design, the basic principles of clasp design, circumferential clasp, bar clasp, combination clasp and other type ofretainers. Indirect Retainer – denture rotation about an axis, factors influencing effectiveness of indirect retainers, forms of indirect retainers, auxiliary Occlusal rest, canine extensions from Occlusal rests, canine rests, continuous bar retainers and linguoplates, modification areas, rugae support, direct – indirect retention. Principles of removable partial Denture design – bio mechanic considerations, and the factors influence after mouth preparations – Occlusal relationship of remaining teeth, orientation of Occlusal plane, available space for restoration, arch integrity, tooth morphology, response of oral structure to previous stress, periodontal conditions,abutmentsupport,toothsupportedandtoothandtissuesupported,needfor indirect retention, clasp design, need for rebasing, secondary impression, need for abutmenttoothmodification,typeofmajorconnector,typeofteethselection,patients

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past experience, method of replacing single teeth or missing anterior teeth. Differencebetweentoothsupportedandtissuesupportedpartialdentures,essentialof partial denture design, components of partial denture design, tooth support, ridge support, stabilizing components, guiding planes, use of splint bar for denture support, internal clip attachments, overlay abutment as support for a denture base, use of a component partial to gainsupport.

iii) Education ofpatient iv) Diagnosis andtreatment planning v) Design, treatment sequencing and mouth preparation vi) Surveying – Description of

dental surveyor, purposes of surveying, Aims and objectives in surveying of diagnostic castandmastercast,Finalpathofplacement,factorsthatdeterminepathofplacement and removal, Recording relation of cast to surveyor, measuring retention, Blocking ofmastercast– paralleledblockout,shapedblockout,arbitraryblockoutandrelief.

vi) Diagnosis and treatment planning – Infection control and cross infection barriers – clinical and laboratory and hospital waste management, Objectives of prosthodontic treatment, Records, systemic evaluation, Oral examination, preparation of diagnostic cast, interpretation of examination data, radiographic interpretation, periodontal considerations, caries activity, prospective surgical preparation, endodontic treatment, analysis of occlusal factors, fixed restorations, orthodontic treatment, need for determiningthedesignofcomponents,impressionproceduresandocclusion,needfor reshaping remaining teeth, reduction of unfavorable tooth contours, differential diagnosis : fixed or removable partial dentures, choice between complete denture and removable partial dentures, choice ofmaterials

vii) Preparation of Mouth for removable partial dentures – Oral surgical preparation, conditioning of abused and irritated tissues, periodontal preparation – objectives of periodontaltherapy,periodontaldiagnosis,controltherapy,periodontalsurgery.

viii) PreparationofAbutmentteeth–Classificationofabutmentteeth,sequenceofabutment preparations on sound enamel or existing restorations, conservative restoration, using crowns, splinting abutment teeth, utilization, temporary crowns to be used asabutment.

ix) Impression Materials and Procedures for Removable Partial Dentures – Rigid materials, thermoplastic materials, Elastic materials, Impressions of the partially edentulous arch, Tooth supported, tooth tissue supported, Individual impressiontrays.

x) Support for the Distal Extension Denture Base – Distal extension removable partial denture, Factors influencing the support of distal extension base, Methods for obtaining functional support for the distal extensionbase.

xi) Laboratory Procedures – Duplicating a stone cast, Waxing the partial denture framework, Anatomic replica patterns, Spruing, investing, burnout, casting and finishing of the partial denture framework, making record bases, occlusion rims, making a stone occlusal template from a functional occlusal record, arranging posterior teeth to an opposingcastortemplate,typesofanteriorteeth,waxingandinvestingthepartial

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denture before processing acrylic resin bases, processing the denture, remounting and occlusal correction to an occlusal template, polishing the denture.

xii) Initialplacement,adjustmentandservicingoftheremovablepartialdenture–adjustments to bearing surfaces of denture framework, adjustment of occlusion in harmony with naturalandartificialdentition,instructionstothepatient,followupservices

xiii) Relining and Rebasing the removable partial denture – Relining tooth supported dentures bases, relining distal extension denture bases, methods of reestablishing occlusiononarelinedpartialdenture.

xiv) Repairs and additions to removable partial dentures – Broken clasp arms, fractured occlusal rests, distortion or breakage of other components – major and minor connectors, loss of a tooth or teeth not involved in the support or retention of the restoration, loss of an abutment tooth necessitating its replacement and making a new direct retainer, Other types of repairs, Repair bysoldering.

xv) Removable partial denture considerations in maxillofacial prosthetics– Maxillofacial prosthetics, intra oral prosthesis, design considerations, maxillary prosthesis,Obturators,speechaids,palatallifts,palatalaugmentations,mandibular prosthesis,treatmentplanning, frameworkdesign,classIresection,ClassIIresection, mandibular flange prosthesis, jaw relationrecord

xvi) Managementoffailedrestorationsandworkauthorization.

Maxillofacial Rehabilitation: Scope, terminology, definitions, cross infection control and hospital waste management, work authorization. Behavioral and psychological issues in Head and neck cancer, Psychodynamic interactions – clinician and patient – Cancer Chemotherapy: Oral Manifestations, Complications, and management, Radiation therapy of head and neck tumors: Oral effects, Dental manifestations and dental treatment: Etiology, treatment and rehabilitation (restoration) – Acquired defects ofthemandible,acquireddefectsofhardpalate,softpalate,clinicalmanagementofedentulous and partially edentulous maxillectomy patients, Facial defects, Restoration of speech, Velopharyngeal function, cleft lip and palate, cranial implants, maxillofacial trauma, Lip and cheek support prosthesis, Laryngectomy aids, Obstructive sleep apnoea, Tongue prosthesis, Esophageal prosthesis, Vaginal radiation carrier, Burn stents, Nasal stents, Auditory inserts, trismusappliances,mouthcontrolleddevicesforassistingthehandicapped,customprosthesisfor lagophthalomosoftheeye.Osseointegratedsupportedfacialandmaxillofacialprosthesis.Resin bonding for maxillofacial prosthesis, Implant rehabilitation of the mandible compromise by radiotherapy, Craniofacial Osseo integration, Prosthodontic treatment, Material and laboratory procedures for maxillofacialprosthesis.

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Fixed Prosthodontics: Scope, definitions and terminology, classification and principles, design, mechanical and biological considerations of components–Retainers, connectors, pontics, work authorization. • Diagnosis and treatment planning–patients history and interview, patients desires and

expectations and needs, systemic and emotional health, clinical examinations–head and neck, oral–teeth, occlusal and periodontal, Preparation of diagnostic cast, radiographic interpretation, Aesthetics, endodontics considerations, abutment selection–bone support, root proximities and inclinations, selection of abutments, for cantilever, pier abutments,splinting,availabletoothstructuresandcrownmorphology,TMJandmuscles mastication and comprehensive planning and prognosis.

• ManagementofCariousteeth–cariesinaged,cariescontrol,removalcarious,protection of pulp, reconstruction measure for compromisingteeth–retentive pins, horizontal slots, retention grooves, prevention of caries, diet, prevention of root caries and vaccine for caries.

• Periodontal considerations–attachment units, ligaments, gingivitis, periodontitis. Microbiological aspect of periodontal diseases, marginal lesion, occlusal trauma, periodontal pockets attached gingiva, interdental papilla, gingival embrasures, gingival/periodontal prosthesis, radiographic interpretations of Periodontia, intraoral, periodontal splinting – Fixed Prosthodontics with periodontially compromised dentitions, placement of marginrestorations.

• Biomechanicalprincipleoftoothpreparations–individualtoothpreparations-Complete metal Crowns – P.F.C., All porcelain – Cerestore crowns, dicorcrowns, incerem etc. porcelainjacketcrownspartial3/4,fronionalhalf,radicular

• 7/8, telescopic, pin–ledge, laminates, inlays, onlays and preparations for restoration of teeth–amalgam, glass Ionomer and composite resins, Resin Bond retainers, Gingival marginal preparations – Design, material selection, and biological and mechanical considerations – intracoronal retainer and precision attachments – custom made and readymade

• Isolation and fluid control – Rubber dam applications, tissue dilation – soft tissue management for cast restoration, impression materials and techniques, provisional restoration,interocclusalrecords,laboratorysupportforfixed

• Prosthodontics, Occlusion, Occlusal equilibration, articulators, recording and transferringofocclusalrelations,cementingofrestorations.

• Resins,Goldandgoldalloys,glassIonomer,restorations. • Restorations of endodontically treated teeth, Stomatognathic Dysfunction and

management • Management of failedrestorations • OsseointegratedsupportedfixedProsthodontics–Osseointegratedsupportedandtooth

supported fixedProsthodontics.

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Occlusion: Evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of occlusal problems: Scope, definition, terminology, optimum oral health, anatomic harmony, functional harmony, occlusal stability, causes of deterioration of dental and oral health, Anatomical, physiological, neuro – muscular, psychological, considerations of teeth, muscles of mastication, temporomandibular joint, intra oral and extra oral and facial musculatures, the functions of Cranio mandibularsystem. Occlusal therapy, the stomatognathic system, centric relation, vertical dimension, the neutral zone,theocclusalplane,differentialdiagnosisoftemporomandibulardisorders,understanding anddiagnosingintraarticularproblems,relatingtreatmenttodiagnosisofinternalderangementsof TMJ, Occlusal splints, Selecting instruments for occlusal diagnosis and treatment, mounting casts, Pankey-mann-schuyler philosophy of complete occlusal rehabilitation, long centric, anteriorguidance,restoringloweranteriorteeth,restoringupperanteriorteeth,determiningthe type of posterior occlusal contours, methods for determining the plane of occlusion, restoring lower posterior teeth, restoring upper posterior teeth, functionally generated path techniques for recording border movements intra orally, occlusal equilibration, Bruxism, Procedural steps in restoring occlusions, requirements for occlusal stability, solving occlusal problems through programmed treatment planning, splinting, solving – occlusal wear problems, deep overbite problems,anterioroverjetproblems,anterioropenbiteproblems.Treating–endtoendocclusion, splayedanteriorteeth,crossbitepatient,Crowded,irregular,orinterlockinganteriorbite,using Cephalometric for occlusal analysis, solving severe arch malrelationship problems, transcranial radiography, postoperative care of occlusaltherapy.

TMJ – Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction – Scope, definitions, and terminology:

• Temporomandibular joint and its function, Orofacial pain, and pain from the temporomandibular joint region, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, temporomandibular joint sounds, temporomandibular joint disorders, Anatomy related, trauma, disc displacement, Osteoarthrosis/Osteoarthritis, Hyper mobilityand dislocation, infectious arthritis, inflammatory diseases, Eagle’s syndrome (Styloid–stylohyoid syndrome), Synovial chondromatosis, Osteochondrrosis disease, Ostonecrosis, Nerve entrapmentprocess,Growthchanges,Tumors,Radiographicimaging

• Etiology, diagnosis and cranio mandibular pain, differential diagnosis and management of orofacial pain – pain from teeth, pulp, dentin, muscle pain, TMJ pain – psycho logic, physiologic – endogenous control, acupuncture analgesia, Placebo effects on analgesia, Trigeminal neuralgia, Temporalarteritis

• Occlusalsplinttherapy–constructionandfittingofocclusalsplints,management ofocclusal splints, therapeutic effects of occlusal splints, occlusal splints and general muscles performance, TMJ joint uploading and anterior repositioning appliances, use and care of occlusalsplints.

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• Occlusal adjustment procedures – Reversible – occlusal stabilization splints and physical therapies,jawexercises,jawmanipulationandotherphysiotherapyorirreversibletherapy– occlusal repositioning appliances, orthodontic treatment, Orthognathicsurgery, fixed and removable Prosthodontic treatment and occlusal adjustment, removable Prosthodontic treatment and occlusal adjustment, Indication for occlusal adjustment, special nature of orofacial pain, Indication for occlusal adjustment, special nature of orofacial pain, Psychopathological considerations, occlusal adjustment philosophies, mandibular position, excursiveguidance,,occlusalcontactscheme,goalsofocclusaladjustment,significanceof a slide in centric, Preclinical procedures, clinical procedures for occlusaladjustment.

Esthetics: Morpho psychology and esthetics, structural esthetic rules – facial components, dental components, gingival components and physical components. Esthetics and its relationship to function – Crown morphology, physiology of occlusion, mastication, occlusal loading and clinical aspect in bio esthetic aspects, Physical and physiologic characteristic and muscular activities of facialmuscle,perioralanatomyandmuscle retainingexercisesSmile–classificationand smile components,smiledesign,estheticrestorationofsmile,Estheticmanagementofthedentogingivalunit, intraoral materials for management of gingival contours, and ridge contours, Periodontal esthetics,Restorations–Toothcoloredrestorativematerials,theclinicaland laboratory aspects, marginal fit, anatomy, inclinations, form, size, shape, color, embrasures, contact point.

Academic Activities I YearM.D.S.

• Theoretical exposure of all applied sciences ofstudy • Clinical and non-clinical exercises involved in Prosthodonticstherapyfor assessment

and acquiring highercompetence • CommencementofLibraryAssignmentwithinsixmonths. • ShortepidemiologicalstudyrelevanttoProsthodontics. • Acquaintance with books, journals and referrals to acquire knowledge of published books,

journalsandwebsiteforthepurposeofgainingknowledgeandreference–inthefieldsof ProsthodonticsincludingCrown&bridgeandimplantology

• Acquireknowledgeofinstruments,equipment,andresearchtoolsinProsthodontics. • ToacquireknowledgeofDentalMaterialScience–Biologicalandbiomechanical • & bio-esthetics, knowledge of using material in laboratory and clinics including testing

methods for dentalmaterials. • Participationandpresentationinseminars,didacticlectures • Evaluation – Internal Assessment examinations on Appliedsubjects

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II YearM.D.S. • Acquiring confidence in obtaining various phases and techniques forproviding • Prosthodontictherapy. • Acquiring confidence by clinical practice with sufficient numbers of patients requiring

tooth and tooth surfacerestorations. • FabricationofAdequatenumberofcompletedentureprosthesisfollowing,higher clinical

approachbyutilizingsemi-adjustablearticulators,facebowandgraphictracing. • Understandingtheuseofthedentalsurveyoranditsapplicationindiagnosisandtreatment plan

inR.P.D. • AdequatenumbersofR.P.D.coveringallpartiallyedentuloussituation • AdequatenumberofCrowns,Inlays,laminatesF.P.D.coveringallclinicalsituation. • Selectionofcasesandprinciplesintreatmentofpartiallyorcompleteedentulous patients

byimplantsupportedprosthesis. • Treatingsingleedentulousarchsituationbyimplantsupportedprosthesis. • Diagnosisandtreatmentplanningforimplantprosthesis. • Ist stage and IInd stage implantsurgery • UnderstandingthemaxillofacialProsthodontics • Treating craniofacialdefects • Management of orofacialdefects • Prosthetic management of TMJsyndrome • Occlusalrehabilitation • Management of failedrestoration • ProsthodonticsManagementofpatientwithpsychogenicdisorder. • Practice of child and geriatricProsthodontics • Participationandpresentationinseminars,didacticslectures • Evaluation – Assessmentexaminations

III YearM.D.S. • ClinicalandlaboratorypracticecontinuedfromIIyear • Occlusion equilibration procedures – fabrication of stabilizing splint for

parafunctionaldisorders,occlusaldisordersandTMJfunctions. • Practice of dental, oral and facialesthetics • TheclinicalpracticeofallaspectsofProsthodontictherapyforelderlypatients. • Implants Prosthodontics – Rehabilitation of Partial Edentulous, Complete edentulismand for

craniofacialrehabilitation • Failures in all aspects of Prosthodontics and its management and aftercare • Teammanagementforesthetics,TMJsyndromeandMaxillofacialandCraniofacial • Prosthodontics • Management of Prosthodontics emergencies,resuscitation. • Candidateshouldcompletethecoursebyattendingbylargenumberandvarietyofpatients

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to master the Prosthodontic therapy. This includes the practice management, examinations, treatment planning, communication with patients, clinical and laboratory techniques materials and instrumentation requiring different aspects of Prosthodontic therapy, Tooth and Tooth surface restoration, Restoration of root treated teeth, splints for periodontal rehabilitations and fractured jaws, complete dentures, R.P.D. FPD. Immediate dentures over dentures implant supported prosthesis, maxillofacial and body prosthesis, occlusal rehabilitation.

• Prosthetic management of TMJsyndrome • Management of failedrestorations • CompleteandsubmitLibraryAssignment6monthspriortoexamination. • Candidates should acquire complete theoretical and clinical knowledge through

seminars, symposium, workshops and reading. • Participationandpresentationinseminars,didacticlectures • Evaluation – Internal Assessment examinations three months before University

examinations

The bench work should be completed before the clinical work starts during the first year of the MDSCourse. I. CompleteDentures

1. Arrangements in adjustable articulatorfor • ClassI • ClassII • ClassIII

2. Various face bow transfer to adjustablearticulators 3. Processing of characterized anatomicaldenture

II. Removable PartialDenture 1. DesignforKennedy’sClassification(Survey,blockoutanddesign)

• ClassI • ClassII • ClassIII • ClassIV

2. Designing of various components ofRPD 3. Wax pattern on refractorycast

• ClassI • ClassII • ClassIII

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• ClassIV 4. Castingandfinishingofmetalframeworks 5. AcrylisationonmetalframeworksforClassIClassIIIwithmodification

III. Fixed Partial Denture: 1. Preparation in ivory teeth / naturalteeth

• FVC formetal • FVC forceramic • Porcelain jacketcrown • Acrylic jacketcrown • PFMcrown • 3/4th (canine, premolar andcentral) • 7/8thposterior • Proximal halfcrown • Inlay – Class I, II,V • Onlay–Pinledged,pinhole • Laminates

2. Preparation of different diesystem 3. Fabricationofwaxpatternbydropwaxbuilduptechnique

• Waxinincrementstoproducewaxcopingoverdiesoftoothpreparationson substructures

• Wax additivetechnique • 3-unitwaxpattern(maxillaryandMandibular) • Fullmouth

4. Pontic design in waxpattern • Ridgelap • Sanitary • Modified ridgelap • Modifiedsanitary • Spheroidal orconical

5. Fabrication of metalframework • Fullmetalbridgeforposterior(3units) • Copingforanterior(3unit) • Fullmetalwithacrylicfacing

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• Fullmetalwithceramicfacing • Adhesive bridge foranterior • Coping for metal margin ceramiccrown • Pin ledgecrown

6. Fabrication ofcrowns • All ceramic crowns withcharacterization • Metal ceramic crowns withcharacterization • Full metalcrown • Precious metalcrown • Post andcore

7. Laminates • Composites withcharacterisation • Ceramic withcharacterization • Acrylic

8. Preparation forcomposites • Laminates • Crown • Inlay • Onlay • ClassI • ClassII • ClassIII • ClassIV

• Fractured anteriortooth IV. Maxillofacial prosthesis:

• Eye • Ear • Nose • Face • Body • Cranial • Maxillectomy • Hemimandibulectomy

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• Fingerprosthesis • Guidingflange • Obturator

V. Implant supportedprosthesis: 1. Step by step procedures – Laboratoryphase

VI. Otherexercises: • TMJsplints–stabilizationappliances,maxillaryandMandibularrepositioning

appliances • Anterior disclusionappliances • Chromecobaltandacrylicresinstabilizationappliances • Modificationinaccommodationinirregularitiesindentures • Occlusalsplint • Periodontalsplint • Precision attachments – custommade • Over denturecoping • Fullmouthrehabilitation(bydropwaxtechnique,ceramicbuildup) • TMJappliances–stabilizationappliances

Clinical / Practical Work Prosthodontic Treatment Modalities:

1. DiagnosisandtreatmentplaninProsthodontics 2. Tooth and tooth surfacerestorations:

• Fillings • Veneers – composites andceramics • Inlays-composite,ceramicandalloys • Onlay – composite, ceramic andalloys • Partial crowns – ¾ th, 4/5th, 7/8th, ½crowns • Pin-ledge • Radicularcrowns • Fullcrowns

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3. Toothreplacements: Partial Complete Tooth supported Fixed partial denture Overdenture Tissue supported Interim partial denture Complete denture

Intermediate partial denture

Immediate denture Immediatecompletedenture

Tooth and tissue Supported

Cast partial denture Precision attachment

Overdenture

Implant supported Cement retained Bar attachment Screw retained Ball attachment Clip attachment

Tooth and implant Supported

Screw retained Cement retained

Root supported Dowel and core Overdenture Pin retained

Precision attachments: • Intra coronalattachments • Extra coronalattachments • Bar – slideattachments • Jointsandhingejointattachments

4. .Toothandtissuedefects(Maxillo-facialandCranio-facialprosthesis):

} A. Congenital Defects:}

a.Cleft lip and palate b.Pierre Robin Syndrome c.Ectodermal dysplasia d.Hemifacialmicrosomiae.Anodontia f. Oligodontia g. Malformedteeth

Cast partial dentures Implantsupported prosthesis Completedentures Fixed partial dentures

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B. Acquired defects:

a. Head and neck cancer patients – Prosthodontic splints andstents b. Restoration of facialdefects

• Auricularprosthesis

• Nasal prosthesis

• Orbitalprosthesis • Craniofacialimplants

c. Midfacialdefects

d. Restoration of maxillofacialtrauma e. Hemimandibulectomy} f. Maxillectomy g. Lip and cheek supportprosthesis h. Ocularprosthesis i. Speech and Velopharyngealprosthesis j. Laryngectomyaids k. Esophagealprosthesis l. Nasalstents m. Tongueprosthesis

} Cast partial denture

Implant supported dentures complete dentures

n. Burnstents o. Auditoryinserts p. Trismusappliances

5. T.M.J and Occlusaldisturbances: a. Occlusalequilibration b. Splints -Diagnostic

• Repositioners /Deprogrammers c. Anterior biteplate d. Posterior biteplate e. Bite raisingappliances f. Occlusalrehabilitation

6. Esthetic/ Smiledesigning: a. Laminates /Veneers b. Toothcontouring(peglaterals,malformedteeth) c. Toothreplacements d. Teammanagement

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7. Psychologicaltherapy: a. Questionnaires b. Charts, papers,photographs c. Models d. Casereports e. Patientcounseling f. Behavioralmodifications g. Referrals

8. GeriatricProsthodontics: a. Prosthodontics for theelderly b. Behavioral andpsychological counseling c. RemovableProsthodontics d. FixedProsthodontics e. Implant supportedProsthodontics f. MaxillofacialProsthodontics g. Psychological andphysiological considerations

9. Preventivemeasures: a. Dietandnutritionmodulationandcounseling b. Referrals

I year M.D.S. – Bench work – Time Schedule: I. CompleteDenture

1. Arrangement ofteeth a. ClassI b. ClassII c. ClassIII

2. Class I characterized with Balanced Occlusion on Semi-AdjustableArticulatorandprocessing }

By 3 months

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II. Removable partialdentures 1. Design for Kennedy’sClassification

(Survey, Blockout and Design with colored pencil) Class I Class II Class III Class IV Class II mod I

}

By 4 months

2. Wax Pattern on RefractoryCast (Any One Classification With Modification on patient Cast)

3. CastingandFinishingofMetalFramework

By 5 months By 10 months

III. Fixed PartialDentures: 1. Preparation in typhodontteeth

a. Allceramicpreparationon11and36 b. Porcelain fused to Metal Crown on 12 and46 c. Fullmetalcrownon16and37 d. Acrylic jacket crown on22 e. PFM (facing) wing preparation crown -21 f. 3/4th (canine, Premolar, central) – 23 and24 }

By 6 months

By 3 months g. 7/8th posterior -26

h. Proximal Half Crown -47 i. Inlay (Class II, V) -38 j Onlay(Pinledge,pinhole)-48 k. Laminates 13, 31, 41,42

} 2. Preparation of Different DieSystems 3. Post and Core and Overdenture Coping Casting

FabricationofMetalFrameworkandBuildup

By 7months By 8months

4. Pontic Design in Wax Pattern on cast (3casts) a. Modified Sanitary and OvatePontic b. SpheroidalorConicalandRidgeLap

• 3UnitFPD(anterior)withModifiedRidge Lap Pontic

• 3 Unit FPD (Posterior) with SanitaryPontic }

By 9 months

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5. Adhesive Bridge for Anteriors onCast 6. Stepwise Preparation of Full Coverage PFM Crowns

(Oncast) 7. LaminateBuildupon31and32 8. Scanning Designing and Milling of CAD CAM single

tooth restorations

}

By 9 months

IV. MaxillofacialProsthesis: • Eye • Ear • Nose • Finger • Obturator

} }

By 11 months

V. OtherExercises: • OcclusalSplint • Occlusal Wax up by Drop Wax BuildupTechnique

By 9 months

Essential Skills: *Key O – Washes up and observes A – Assists a senior PA–Performsprocedureunderthedirectsupervisionofaseniorspecialist PI –Performs independently

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PROCEDURE

CATEGORY

O A PA PI Tooth and tooth surface restoration

a) Composites – fillings, laminates, inlay, onlay 2 2 2 10 b) Ceramics – laminates, inlays, onlays 2 2 2 10 c) Glass Ionomer 1 1 1 10 Crowns FVC for metal 1 2 2 10 FVC for ceramic 1 2 2 10 Precious metal crown 1 - 1 5 Galvanoformed crown - - 1 1 3/4th crowns (premolars, canines and centrals) 1 - - 5 7/8th posterior crown 1 - - 5 Proximal half crown 1 - - 5 Pinledge and pinhole crowns 1 - - 5 Telescopic crowns 1 - - 5 Intraradicular crowns (central, lateral, canine, 1 - - 5 premolar, and molar) Crown as implant supported prosthesis 1 - 1 5 Fixed Partial Dentures Cast porcelain (3 unit) 1 - - 5 Cast metal – precious and non precious (3 unit posterior) 1 - - 5 Porcelain fused metal (anterior and posterior) 1 1 1 10 Multiple abutment – maxillary and Mandibular full arch 1 1 1 5 Incorporation of custom made and readymade 1 1 1 4 precision joint or attachments Adhesive bridge for anterior/posterior 1 - 1 10 Metal fused to resin anterior FPD - - 1 5 Interim provisional restorations (crowns and FPDs) 1 1 1 10 Immediate fixed partial dentures (interim) 1 - - 5 Fixed prosthesis as a retention and rehabilitation for acquired and congenital defects – maxillofacial prosthetics 1 1 1 5 Implant supported prosthesis 1 - 1 1

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Implant – tooth supported prosthesis 1 - 1 1 Removable Partial Denture Provisional partial denture prosthesis 1 1 1 10 Cast removable partial denture (for Kennedy’s 1 1 1 6 Applegate classification with modification) Removable bridge with precision attachments and telescopic crowns for anterior and posterior

1

1

2

4

Immediate RPD 1 1 1 5 Partial denture for medically compromised and handicapped Patients

1

1

1

5

Complete Dentures Neurocentric occlusion & characterized prosthesis - - 1 5 Anatomic characterized prosthesis (by using semi adjustable articulator)

-

-

1

25

Single dentures - - 1 5 Overlay dentures - - 1 5 Interim complete dentures as a treatment prosthesis for abused denture supporting tissues

-

-

1

5

Completedentureprosthesis(forabnormalridgerelation,ridge form and ridge size)

-

-

1

5

Complete dentures for patients with - - 1 5 Full Mouth Rehabilitation Full mouth rehabilitation – restoration of esthetics and function of stomatognathic system

-

-

1

4

Inter-Disciplinary Treatment Modalities Inter-disciplinary management – restoration of Oro craniofacialdefects for esthetics, phonation, mastication and psychological comforts

-

-

1

2

Management of Failed Restorations Tooth and tooth surface restorations - - - 5 Removable prosthesis - - - 10 Crowns and fixed prosthesis - - - 5 Maxillofacial prosthesis - - - 2 Implant supported prosthesis - - - 1

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Occlusal rehabilitation and TMJ syndrome - - - 2 Restoration failure of psychogenic origin - - - 5 Restoration failure to age changes - - - 2

Elective posting at the Department of Oral Implantology.

Scheme of Examinations: A. Theory: Part-I

Paper-I : Applied Basic Sciences: 100 marks Applied anatomy, embryology, growth and development Genetics, Immunology, anthropology, Physiology, nutrition and Biochemistry, Pathology and Microbiology, virology, Applied pharmacology, Research Methodology and bio statistics,. Applied Dental anatomy and histology, Oral pathology & oral Microbiology, Adult and geriatric psychology. Applied Dental Materials.

There shall be 10 Short Essay Questions of 10 marks each (Total of 100 Marks)

Part-II

Paper-I : Removable Prosthodontics and Implant supported prosthesis(Implantology), Geriatric dentistry and Cranio facial Prosthodontics

Paper-II : Fixed Prosthodontics, occlusion, TMJ and esthetics.

Paper-III : Essays- Descriptive and analysing type questions Examination shall consist of Paper-I, Paper-II and Paper-III, each of three hours duration.Paper-I&Paper-IIshallconsistoftwolongEssayQuestionscarrying25marks eachandfiveShortEssayQuestionscarrying10markseach.Paper-IIIwillbeonEssays. In Paper-III three Questions will be given and student has to answer any two questions. Each question carries 50 marks. Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all thepapers.

Note :Questions on recent advances may be asked in any or all the papers. The topics assigned to the different papers are generally evaluated under those sections. However a strict division of the subject may not be possible and some overlapping of topics is inevitable. The candidate should be prepared to answer overlapping topics.

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B. . Practical / Clinical Examination: 200Marks

ExaminationshallbeforThreedays.Iftherearemorethan6candidates,itmaybe extended for one more day. Each candidate shall be examined for a minimum of threedays,sixhoursperdayincludingvivavoce.

1. Presentation of treated patients and records during the candidates 3 years

trainingperiod 25Marks

1. C.D. 1 Mark 2. R. P.D. 2 Marks 3. F.P.D. including single tooth and surface restoration 2 Marks 4. I.S.P. 5 Marks 5. Occlusal rehabilitation 5 Marks 6. T.M.J. 5 Marks 7. Maxillofacial Prosthesis 5 Marks

2. Presentationofactualtreatedpatients,C.D.ProsthesisandInsertion 90 Marks

1. Discussion on treatment plan andpatientreview 10 Marks 2. Tentative jawrelationrecords 5Marks 3. Face Bow–transfer 5Marks 4. Transferring itonarticulators 5Marks 5. Extra oral tracing and securing centricand

protrusive/lateral,record 25Marks 6. Transfer inonarticulator. 5Marks 7. Selectionofteeth 5Marks 8. Arrangementofteeth1 5Marks 9. Waxed updenturetrial 10 Marks 10. Fit,insertionandinstructionofpreviouslyprocessed

charaterised, anatomic completedentureprosthesis 5 Marks Allstepswillincludechairside,labsideandvivavoce

155

3. FixedPartialDenture 50Marks

1. Case discussion and selection of patients for F.P.D. 5 Marks 2. Abutment preparation isolation and fluid control 20 Marks 3. Gingival retraction and impressions 5 Marks 4. Dies and wax pattern 10 Marks 5. Cementation of provisional restoration 5 Marks 6. Presentation of provisional restoration case 5 Marks

4. RemovablePartialDenture 35Marks 1. Surveyinganddesigningofpartialdentatecast. 15marks

Discussiononcomponentsandmaterialselection 20 marks including occlusalscheme.

C. Viva Voce & Pedagogy: 100marks i. Viva Voce Examination: 80marks

Thevivavoceexaminationshallbeconductedbyapanelofexaminersappointed by the University. The examination is aimed to assess the candidate’s comprehension, analytical approach, expression, interpretation of data and communication skills. It includes all components of course contents and presentation anddiscussiononthedissertation.

ii. Pedagogy Exercise: 20marks Atopicwillbegiventoeachcandidateatthebeginningoftheclinicalexamination. He/she is asked to make a presentation on the topic for 8-10minutes.

Reference Text Books and Learning Materials :

Text Books

1. Complete DentureProsthodontics • Boucher’s Prosthodontic treatment for Edentulous patients, Zarb, Bolender,

Carlsson, 11thEdition • Essentials of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Sheldon Winkler, 3rdEdition

2. Removable Partial DentureProsthodontics • Stewart’s Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Rodney D. Phoenix,

David R Cagna, Charles F Defreest, 4thEdition 3. Fixed Partial Denture Prosthodontics

• Fundamentals of Fixed Prosthodontics. Herbet T. Shillingburg Jr, David A Sather, Edwin L Wilson Jr. 4thEdition

• Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics, Rosenstiel, Land, Fujimoto, 5thEdition

156

4. Temporomandibular Joint andOcclusion • Management of temporomandibular disorders and occlusion. Jeffrey P

Okeson , 7thEdition • Functional Occlusion :- fsrom TMJ to Smile Design. Peter E Dawson,

1stEdition 5. Implants

• Contemporary Implant Dentistry, Carl E. Misch, 3rdEdition. 6. Maxillofacial Prosthetics

• Clinical Maxillofacial Prosthetics. Thomas DTaylor

Journals

1. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 2. Journal ofProsthodontics 3. European Journal of Prosthodontics and RestorativeDentistry 4. International Journal of Oral & MaxillofacialImplants

*****

157

ANNEXURES

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION:

NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT:

MODEL CHECKLIST FOR EVALUATION OF JOURNAL REVIEW RESENTATIONS Name ofthestudent: Date:

Title of the Article:

Journal Details

Sl. No

Items for observation during presentation Poor

0

Below Average

1

Average

2

Good

3

Very Good

4 1. Article chosen was

2. Extent of understanding of scope and objectives of the paper by the candidate.

3. Whether cross-references have been consulted.

4. Whether other relevant publications consulted.

5. Ability to respond to questions on the paper /subject.

6. Audio – Visual aids used.

7. Ability to defend the paper.

8. Clarity of presentation.

9. Level of confidence and body language

10. Any other observation. Sub Total Score

Remarks/Suggestions if any: Total Score Grade

Signature oftheH.O.D Name and Signature of theModerator:

A(Excellent) - 35 -40 B(Good) - 25 -35

C(Average) - 20 -25 D(Poor) - <20

158

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION:

NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT:

MODEL CHECKLIST FOR EVALUATION OF SEMINAR PRESENTATIONS

Name ofthestudent: Date:

Title of the Seminar:

Sl. No.

Items for observation during presentation

Poor

0

Below Average

1

Average

2

Good

3

Very Good

4 1. Completeness & Preparation. 2. Clarity of presentation. 3. Understanding of subject. 4. Whether other relevant publications

consulted.

5. Whether cross-references have been consulted.

6. Ability to answer the questions. 7. Time scheduling. 8. Appropriate use of audio – visual

aids.

9. Overall performance. 10. Any other observation.

Sub Total Score Remarks/Suggestions if any:

Total Score

Grade

Signature oftheH.O.D Name and Signature of theModerator:

A(Excellent) - 35 -40 B(Good) - 25 -35

C(Average) - 20 -25 D(Poor) - <20

159

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION:

NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT:

ATTENDANCE REPORT

TEACHINGSTAFF: Date:

Sl. No. Name Signature 1 2

3

4

5

POST GRADUATE STUDENTS:

Sl. No.

3rd

MDS Signature Sl.

No. 2nd

MDS Signature Sl.

No. 1st

MDS Signature

1 1 1

2 2 2 3 3 3

4 4 4

5 5 5

6 6 6

7 7 7

8 8 8

9 9 9

*To be printed at the backside of Journal and Seminar evaluation checklist

160

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION:

NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT:

MODEL CHECK LIST FOR EVALUATION OF CLINICAL WORK (To be evaluated twice in a year)

Name oftheStudent: Date:

Sl. No.

Items for observation during presentation

Poor

0

Below Average

1

Average

2

Good

3

Very Good

4 1. Regularity of attendance. 2. Punctuality. 3. Interaction with colleagues and

supportive staff.

4. Maintenance of case records. 5. Presentation of cases. 6. Investigations work up. 7. Chair-side manners. 8. Rapport with patients. 9. Overall quality of clinical work.

10. Timely completion of work

Sub Total Score

Total Score Grade

Signature oftheH.O.D Name and signature of the UnitHead:

A(Excellent) - 35 -40 B(Good) - 25 -35

C(Average) - 20 -25 D(Poor) - <20

161

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION:

NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT:

EVALUATION OF CLINICAL CASE PRESENTATION

Name oftheStudent: Date:

Sl. No.

Items for observation during presentation

Poor

0

Below Average

1

Average

2

Good

3

Very Good

4 1. Completeness of history. 2. Whether all relevant points elicited. 3. Clarity of presentation. 4. Logical order. 5. Mentioned all positive and negative

points

6. Accuracy of general physical examination.

7. Diagnosis: Whether it follows logically from history and findings.

8. Investigations required. Complete list. Relevant order. Interpretation of investigations.

9. Ability to react to questioning Whether it follows logically from history and findings.

10. Ability to justify differential diagnosis. and defend diagnosis

Sub Total Score

Total Score Grade

Signature oftheH.O.D Name and signature of the ClinicalModerator

A(Excellent) - 35 -40 B(Good) - 25 -35

C(Average) - 20 -25 D(Poor) - <20

162

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION:

NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT:

MODEL CHECKLIST FOR EVALUATION OF TEACHING SKILL

Name oftheStudent: Date:

SI. No

Items for observation Poor

0

Below Average

1

Average

2

Good

3

Very Good

4 1. Communication of the purpose of the

talk

2. Evokes audience interest in the subject.

3. The introduction.

4. The sequence of ideas.

5. The use of practical examples and / or illustrations.

6. Specking style (enjoyable, monotonous, etc.)

7. Attempts audience participation.

8. Summary of the main points at the end.

9. Asks questions. Answers questions asked by the audience. Rapport of speaker with his audience.

10. Effectiveness of the talk. Uses audio-visual aids appropriately.

Sub Total Score

Total Score

Grade

Signature oftheH.O.D Name and signature of theModerator:

A(Excellent) - 35 - 40 B(Good) - 25 -35

C(Average) - 20 -25 D(Poor) - <20

163

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION:

NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT:

MODEL CHECKLIST FOR DISSERTATION PRESENTATION

Name oftheStudent: Date:

Sl. No

Prints to be considered Poor

0

Below Average

1

Average

2

Good

3

Very Good

4 1 Interest shown in selecting topic.

2 Appropriate review.

3 Discussion with guide and other faculty.

4 Quality of protocol.

5 Preparation of proforma

Sub Total Score

Total Score Grade

Signature oftheH.O.D Name and signature of the Guide:

A(Excellent) - 18 - 20 B(Good) - 14 -17

C(Average) - 10 -13 D(Poor) - <10

164

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION:

NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT:

CONTINUOUS EVALUATION OF DISSERTATION WORK BY GUIDE /

CO-GUIDE

Name oftheStudent: Date:

Sl. No.

Items for observation during presentation

Poor

0

Below Average

1

Average

2

Good

3

Very Good

4

1 Periodic consultation with guide / co- guide.

2 Regular collection of case material

3 Depth of analysis / discussion.

4 Quality of final output.

5 Others

Sub Total Score

Total Score Grade

Signature oftheH.O.D Name and signature of the Guide / Co-Guide:

A(Excellent) - 18 - 20 B(Good) - 14 -17

C(Average) - 10 -13 D(Poor) - <10

165

NAME OF THE INSTITUTION:

NAME OF THE DEPARTMENT:

OVERALL ASSESSMENT SHEET (Once in an Academic Year)

Date: SI. No.

Student Name Mean Score(Sum total of all the scores of the

checklist) Grade

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Note:Theoverallassessmentsheetusedalongwiththelogbookshallformthebasisforcertifyingsatisfactory completion of course of study, in addition to the attendancerequired.

Name and Signature of theH.O.D: Name and Signature of the Guide:

Name and SignatuSre of Principal/Dean

A (Excellent) - 501 - 600 B (Good) - 401 - 500 C(Average) - 301 -400 Maximum Points

D (Poor) - < 300

Type Number Points Sub TotalScore Journal Club Evaluation 5 40 200 Seminar Evaluation 5 40 200 Clinical Work Evaluation Twice a year 2×40 80 Evaluation of Clinical Case presentation Once a year 1×40 40 Teaching Skill Evaluation Once a year 1×40 40 Dissertation Presentation Once a Year 1× 20 20 Continuous evaluation of dissertation Once a Year 1× 20 20 Total Score 600