Regents Review 2

SUCKAS!!!!!

Movement of water

• Name the term that describes the movement of water

• Osmosis

• Describe the movement of water

• Area of high water (%) to an area of low water (%)

• What determines the percentage of water?

• Dissolved solute (salt, sugar, protein, etc.)

The Effects of Osmosis on Cells

• How would a cell (5% salt) placed in a 10% salt solution look like?

• Shrivel• Name that solution• Hypertonic• How would a cell (5% salt) placed in a 1% salt

solution• Bloat or explode• Name that solution• Hypotonic

Effects of Osmosis Continued

• What would happen if the cell was placed in a .9% salt solution?

• Nothing

• Why?

• Name that solution

• Isotonic

Animal vs plant cells

• How will an animal cell placed in a hypertonic solution look? Plant cell?

• How about if they were placed in a hypotonic solution?

• Why does the plant cell not burst?

• Plant cell has a cell wall

Making Connections in cells

• List the different cell organelles

• Choose two organelles and state how each works together to maintain homeostasis in the cell

Body Systems

• List 7 body systems

• Choose two systems and state how they work together to maintain homeostasis in the human

• Digestive and circulatory

• Endocrine and digestive

• Endocrine and circulatory

• Circulatory and nervous

Immunity

• How does active and passive immunity differ?

• Active – have an immune response and generate memory cells (permanent)

• Passive – get antibodies from someone else (temporary)

Humoral Vs. Cell Mediated Immune Response

• Define humoral response

• Which blood cells are involved?

• B cells, T Helper and Macrophages

• Describe the response

• Macrophage ingests pathogen; presents antigen to T helper, T helper activates B cells (into plasma and memory cells)

• Plasma cells produce antibodies

Antibodies…what are they and how do they work?

• What are they made of?

• Protein

• How do they work?

• Recognizes specific antigen by shape of antigen

Cell Mediated

• Summarize cell mediated response

• Macrophage ingests infected self cell

• Presents antigen to T helper

• T helper activates cytotxic T cells

• Cytotoxic T cells release enzymes to destroy infected self cells

• T suppressor deactivates Cytotxic T cells

Respiration

• Why do cells undergo cell respiration?• Release stored energy from food• Where does it occur?• Mitochondria and cytoplasm• What are the reactants? Products?• Reactants – sugar and oxygen• Products – carbon dioxide, water and ATP• Name two body systems that aid cell respiration

Photosynthesis

• Give an example of an organism that undergoes photosynthesis

• Where does it take place in a plant cell?• Chloroplast• What are the reactants? Products?• Reactants – carbon dioxide and water,

light energy needed• Products – glucose and oxygen, some

ATP

Light dependent reactions

• Name the two light dependent reactions• Photolysis and Photophosporylation• What is photolysis? Which photosystem is

it?• Splits water into hydrogen and

oxygen(waste), system II• What is photophosphorylation? Which

system?• ATP generated here, system 1

Light Independent reaction

• What is the product of these reactions?

• Glucose

• Where does it take place?

• Stroma of chloroplast

• Does it require light? Explain

• Not directly but uses the hydrogen and ATP from the light dependent reactions

Cell Respiration Vs. Photosynthesis

• Does cell respiration take place in plant cells?

• YES, they have mitochondria