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References and further reading Alaluf, S., H. Muir-Howie, et al. (2000). “Atmospheric oxygen accelerates the induction of a post-mitotic phenotype in human dermal fibroblasts: the key protective role of glutathione.” Differentiation 66(2-3): 147-55. Anderson, M.E., ed. Handbook of synthetic antioxidants. Modulation of Glutathione, ed. E.C. Lester Packer. 1997. Anderson, M. E. (1998a). “Glutathione: an overview of biosynthesis and modulation.” Chemico Biological Interactions 112: 1-14. Anderson, M. E. and J.-L. Luo (1998b). “Glutathione Therapy: From Prodrugs to Genes.” Seminars in Liver Disease 18(4): 415-424. Anonymous (2001). “Glutathione, reduced (GSH). Monograph.” Alternative Medicine Review 6(6): 601-7. Barella, L., P. Y. Muller, et al. (2004). “Identification of hepatic molecular mechanisms of action of alpha-tocopherol using global gene expression profile analysis in rats.” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease 1689(1): 66-74. Bharath, S., M. Hsu, et al. (2002). “Glutathione, iron and Parkinson's disease.” Biochemical Pharmacology 64(5-6): 1037-48. Bounous, G. (2000). “Whey protein concentrate (WPC) and glutathione modulation in cancer treatment.” Anticancer Research 20(6C): 4785-92. Bounous G., Gold P. (1991) "The biological activity of undenatured whey protein: Role of Glutathione." Clin. Inves. Med. 14:296-309; 1991. Butterfield, D. A., C. B. Pocernich, et al. (2002). “Elevated glutathione as a therapeutic strategy in Alzheimer's disease.” Drug Development Research 56: 428-437. Cai, J., Y. Chen, et al. (2003). “Inhibition of influenza infection by glutathione.” Free Radical Biology & Medicine 34(7): 928-936. Charalabopoulos, K., S. Karkabounas, et al. (2003). “Inhibition of benzo(a)pyrene-induced carcinogenesis by vitamin C alone and by vitamin C/vitamin E and selenium/glutathione.” Biological Trace Element Research 93(1-3): 201-12. Chyka, P. A., A. Y. Butler, et al. (2000). “Utility of acetylcysteine in treating poisonings and adverse drug reactions.” Drug Safety 22(2): 123-48. Cooper, A. J. and B. S. Kristal (1997). “Multiple roles of glutathione in the central nervous system.” Biological Chemistry 378(8): 793-802. Cross, C. E., B. Halliwell, et al. (1987). “Oxygen Radicals and Human-Disease.” Annals of Internal Medicine 107(4): 526-545. Dalton, T., Y. Chen, et al. (2004). “Genetically altered mice to evaluate glutathione homeostasis in health and disease.” Free Radical Biology and Medicine 37(10): 1511-1526. Deneke, S. M. (2000). “Thiol-based antioxidants.” Current Topics in Cellular Regulation 36: 151-80. Djordjevic, V. B. (2004). “Free radicals in cell biology.” International Review of Cytology 237: 57-89. Droge, W. (2002). “Aging-related changes in the thiol/disulfide redox state: implications for the use of thiol antioxidants.” Experimental Geron-tology 37(12): 1333-1345. Droge, W. (2003). “Oxidative stress and aging.” Advances in Experimental Medicine & Biology 543: 191-200.

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Droge, W. and R. Breitkreutz (2000). “Glutathione and immune function.” Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59(4): 595-600. Droge, W. and E. Holm (1997). “Role of cysteine and glutathione in HIV infection and other diseases associated with muscle wasting and immunological dys-function.” FASEB Journal 11(13): 1077-89. Exner, R., B. Wessner, et al. (2000). “Therapeutic potential of glutathione.” Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift 112(14): 610-616. Faber, P., A. M. Johnstone, et al. (2002). “The effect of rate of weight loss on erythrocyte glutathione concentration and synthesis in healthy obese men.” Clinical Sci-ence 102(5): 569-77. Foster, H. D. (2004). “How HIV-1 causes AIDS: implications for prevention and treatment.” Medical Hypotheses 62(4): 549-53. Fukagawa, N. K. and R. A. Galbraith (2004). “Advancing age and other factors influencing the balance between amino acid requirements and toxicity.” Journal of Nutri-tion 134(6 Suppl). Giblin, F. J. (2000). “Glutathione: a vital lens antioxidant.” Journal of Ocular Pharmacology & Therapeutics 16(2): 121-35. Griffith, O. W. (1999). “Biologic and pharmacologic regulation of mammalian glutathione synthesis.” Free Radical Biology & Medicine 27(9-10): 922-935. Guo, Q. and L. Packer (2000). “Ascorbate-dependent recycling of the vitamin E homologue Trolox by dihydrolipoate and glutathione in murine skin ho-mogenates.” Free Radical Biology & Medicine 29(3-4): 368-74. Harding, J. J., R. Blakytny, et al. (1996). “Glutathione in disease.” Biochemical Society Transactions 24(3): 881-4. Herzenberg, L. A., S. C. De Rosa, et al. (1997). “Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sci-ences of the United States of America 94(5): 1967-72. Hudson, V. M. (2001). “Rethinking cystic fibrosis pathology: the critical role of abnormal reduced glutathione (GSH) transport caused by CFTR muta-tion.” Free Radical Biology & Medicine 30(12): 1440-61. Jefferies, H., J. Bot, et al. (2003). “The role of glutathione in intestinal dysfunction.” Journal of Investigative Surgery 16(6): 315-23. Jefferies, H., J. Coster, et al. (2003). “Glutathione.” ANZ Journal of Surgery 73(7): 517-22. Kang, S., J. H. Chung, et al. (2003). “Topical N-acetyl cysteine and genistein prevent ultraviolet-light-induced signaling that leads to photoaging in human skin in vivo.” Journal of Investigative Dermatology 120(5): 835-41. Kidd, P. M. (1997). “Glutathione: Systemic protectant against oxidative and free radical damage.” Alternative Medicine Review 2(3): 155-176. Lands, L. C., V. L. Grey, et al. (1999). “Effect of supplementation with a cysteine donor on muscular performance.[erratum appears in J Appl Physiol 2000 Jan;88(1)].” Journal of Applied Physiology. 87(4): 1381-5. Lang, C. A. (2001). “The impact of glutathione on health and longevity.” Journal of Anti Aging Medicine 4(2): 137-144. Lenzi, A., L. Gandini, et al. (1998). “A rationale for glutathione therapy.[see comment].” Human Reproduction 13(6): 1419-22. Linden, C. H. and B. H. Rumack (1984). “Acetaminophen overdose.” Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 2(1): 103-19. Locigno, R. and V. Castronovo (2001). “Reduced glutathione system: role in cancer development, prevention and treatment (review).” International Journal of On-cology 19(2): 221-36.

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Loguercio, C. and M. Di Pierro (1999). “The role of glutathione in the gastrointestinal tract: a review.” Italian Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 31(5): 401-7. Lomaestro, B. M. and M. Malone (1995). “Glutathione in health and disease: pharmacotherapeutic issues.” Annals of Pharmacotherapy 29(12): 1263-73. Lu, S. C. (2000). “Regulation of glutathione synthesis.” Current Topics in Cellular Regulation 36: 95-116. Meister, A. (1994). “Glutathione, ascorbate, and cellular protection.” Cancer Research 54(7 Suppl): 1. Micke, P., K. M. Beeh, et al. (2002). “Effects of long-term supplementation with whey proteins on plasma glutathione levels of HIV-infected patients.” European Journal of Nutrition 41(1): 12-8. Middleton, N., P. Jelen, et al. (2004). “Whole blood and mononuclear cell glutathione response to dietary whey protein supplementation in sedentary and trained male human subjects.” International Journal of Food Sciences & Nutrition 55(2): 131-41. Meister A. (1991) "Glutathione deficiency produced by inhibition of its synthesis, and its reversal; applications in research and therapy. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1991;51(2):155-94. Review. Nakamura, H., H. Masutani, et al. (2002). “Redox imbalance and its control in HIV infection.” Antioxidants & Redox Signaling 4(3): 455-64. Patrick, L. (2000). “Nutrients and HIV: part three - N-acetylcysteine, alpha-lipoic acid, L-glutamine, and L-carnitine.” Alternative Medicine Review 5(4): 290-305. Rahman, I. and W. MacNee (2000). “Oxidative stress and regulation of glutathione in lung inflammation.” European Respiratory Journal 16(3): 534-54. Reid, M. and F. Jahoor (2001). “Glutathione in disease.” Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care 4(1): 65-71. Robertson, R. P., J. Harmon, et al. (2003). “Glucose toxicity in beta-cells: type 2 diabetes, good radicals gone bad, and the glutathione connection.” Diabetes 52(3): 581-7. Santangelo, F., V. Witko-Sarsat, et al. (2004). “Restoring glutathione as a therapeutic strategy in chronic kidney disease.” Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 19(8): 1951-5. Sastre, J., F. V. Pallardo, et al. (1996). “Glutathione, oxidative stress and aging.” Age 19(4): 129-139. Schulz, J. B., J. Lindenau, et al. (2000). “Glutathione, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration.” European Journal of Biochemistry 267(16): 4904-11. Sies, H. Glutathione and its role in cellular functions. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 1999. 27(9-10): p. 916-921. Sen, C. K. (1997). “Nutritional biochemistry of cellular glutathione.” Nutritional Biochemistry 8: 660-672. Sen, C. K. (1998). “Redox signaling and the emerging therapeutic potential of thiol antioxidants.” Biochemical Pharmacology 55(11): 1747-58. Sen, C. K. and L. Packer (2000). “Thiol homeostasis and supplements in physical exercise.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 72(2 Suppl). Staal, F. J. (1998). “Glutathione and HIV infection: reduced reduced, or increased oxidized?” European Journal of Clinical Investigation 28(3): 194-6. Steenvoorden, D. P. and G. M. van Henegouwen (1997). “The use of endogenous antioxidants to improve photoprotection.” Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology. B Biology 41(1-2): 1-10. Thiele, J. J., C. Schroeter, et al. (2001). “The antioxidant network of the stratum corneum.” Current Problems in Dermatology 29: 26-42. Townsend, D. M., K. D. Tew, et al. (2003). “The importance of glutathione in human disease.” Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 57(3-4): 145-55.

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