Reference Type: Journal Article Record Number: 482 Refs.pdfNutrients in Lakes V205a Page 1 greater annual macrophyte abundance in warmer locations in consequence of ... phytoplankton

Nutrients in Lakes V205a Page 1

greater annual macrophyte abundance in warmer locations in consequence of

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 482Author: Moss, B.; Stephen, D.; Balayla, D. M.; Becares, E.; Collings, S. E.; Fernandez-Alaez, C.; Fernandez-Alaez, M.; Ferriol, C.; Garcia, P.; Goma, J.; Gyllstroem, M.; Hansson, L. A.; Hietala, J.; Kairesalo, T.; Miracle, M. R.; Romo, S.; Rueda, J.; Russell, V.; Stahl-Delbanco, A.; Svensson, M.; Vakkilainen, K.; Valentin, M.; Van De Bund, W. J.; Van Donk, E.; Vicente, E.; Villena, M. J.Year: 2004Title: Continental-scale patterns of nutrient and fish effects on shallow lakes: Synthesis of a pan-european mesocosm experimentJournal: Freshwater BiologyVolume: 49Issue: 12Pages: 1633-1649Accession Number: AN 2005:18924Abstract: 1. Results are analyzed from 11 expts. in which effects of fish addn. and nutrient loading on shallow lakes were studied in mesocosms. The expts., five in 1998, six in 1999, were carried out in six lakes, distributed from Finland to southern Spain, according to a std. protocol. 2. Effects of the treatments on 29 std. chem., phytoplankton and zooplankton variables are examd. to assess the relative importance of bottom-up (nutrient enrichment) and top-down (fish predation) effects. For each year, the expts. in different locations are treated as replicates in a meta-anal. Results of individual expts. are then compared in terms of the patterns of significant influences of nutrient addn. and fish predation with these overall results (the baseline), and between years in the same location. 3. The overall meta-anal. gave consistent results across the 2 years, with nutrient loading influencing all of the chem. variables, and on av. 31% of primary producer and 39% of zooplankton variables. In contrast, fish influenced none of the chem. variables, 11% of the primary producer and 44% of the zooplankton variables. Nutrient effects on the system were thus about three times greater than fish effects, although fish effects were not inconsiderable. 4. The relative importance of nutrients and fish in individual expts. often differed between years at the same location and effects deviated to varying degrees from the baseline. These deviations were treated as measures of consistency (predictability) of conclusions in repeat expts. Consistency increased southwards and this is interpreted as a consequence of more variable annual weather northwards. 5. The influence of nutrient loading was greater southwards and this was probably manifested through naturally greater annual macrophyte abundance in warmer locations in consequence of


the longer plant growing-season. There was no trend in the relative importance of fish effects with latitude but this may partly be an artifact of the simple fish. Community used. These findings suggest that nutrient control should be a greater priority than biomanipulation in the restoration of eutrophicated shallow lakes in warm temperate regions. 6. Starting conditions affected the outcome of expts. High initial concns. of total phosphorus and planktonic chlorophyll a concn. (created by local conditions prior to the expt.) led to de-emphasis of the importance of nutrient loading in the expt. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: 61WaterSchool of Biological Sciences,University of Liverpool,Liverpool,UK.Journal0046-5070written in English.

development of this theory were proposed. [on SciFinder (R)]

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 483Author: Liu, Chun-guang; Qiu, Jin-quan; Wang, Wen; Zhuang, Yuan-yiYear: 2004Title: Advances on theory of biomanipulation in control of eutrophicated lakesJournal: Nongye Huanjing Kexue XuebaoVolume: 23Issue: 1Pages: 198-201Accession Number: AN 2004:278017Keywords: Eutrophication (advances on theory of biomanipulation in control of eutrophication of lakes); Ecosystem (aquatic; advances on theory of biomanipulation in control of eutrophication of lakes); Remediation (bioremediation; advances on theory of biomanipulation in control of eutrophication of lakes); Lakes (eutrophic; advances on theory of biomanipulation in control of eutrophication of lakes)review biomanipulation eutrophic lakeAbstract: A review. Advances of biomanipulation theory for control of eutrophic lakes were reviewed. Relations among fish, zooplankton, phytoplankton, submerged macrophyte, and bacteria in eutrophic aquatic ecosystem were analyzed. Effects and problems of applying this theory in the process of lake recovery were discussed. Some suggestions on the development of this theory were proposed. [on SciFinder (R)]


Notes: CAN 141:12810561-0WaterCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin,Peop. Rep. China.Journal; General Review1672-2043written in Chinese.

AN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 615Author: Van Donk, E.; Santamaria, L.; Mooij, W. M.Year: 2003Title: Climate warming causes regime shifts in lake food webs: A reassessmentJournal: Limnology and OceanographyVolume: 48Issue: 3Pages: 1350-1353Alternate Journal: Limnol.Oceanogr.Label: 5Keywords: Global warmingFood websWater temperatureLakesTurbidityClimatic changesTemperature effectsCorrelation analysisWater transparencyRestorationBioremediationFreshwater fishZooplanktonPhytoplanktonPiscesAlgaeNetherlandsAN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation


North Atlantic oscillationFreshwaterAbstract: In a recent paper in Limnology and Oceanography (46: 1780-1783) by Scheffer et al. (2001), it is stated that "the probability of clear water phases increases with the temperature of lake water." This conclusion is put within the framework of climate change as measured by the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) and is based on an empirical analysis of 257 seasonal chlorophyll a patterns collected in 71 shallow Dutch lakes. To check whether an enhanced probability of clear water phases can indeed be caused by a change in water temperature, simulations were performed with a minimodel of algae-zooplankton-fish interactions under control of seasonal variations in temperature (Scheffer et al. 1997). In this Comment, we want to reexamine the conclusion that the probability of clear water phases increases with temperature. We base our analysis on the same empirical data and the same model as used by Scheffer et al. (2001). The motivation for our reinterpretation of the empirical data is that Scheffer et al. (2001) did not refer to the extensive lake restoration efforts (biomanipulation through fish removal and nutrient reduction) that took place since the late 1980s in many shallow Dutch lakes (Hosper 1997, 1998; Van Donk 1998; Lammens 1999; Meijer et al. 1999). These efforts were specifically aimed at improving water transparency, and they were in many cases successful, including in several of the lakes covered by the data set used by Scheffer et al. (2001). The period during which lake restoration enhanced clear water phases coincides with the period of high NAO-index values and high water temperatures. Lake restoration should therefore be considered as an alternative explanation for the observed correlation between the NAO index and the probability of clear water phases.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - MayTR: CS0418489M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Centre for Limnology, Rijksstraatweg 6, 3631 AC Nieuwersluis, The Netherlands

Journal: Hydrobiologia

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 484Author: Sondergaard, Martin; Jensen, Jens Peder; Jeppesen, ErikYear: 2003Title: Role of sediment and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow lakesJournal: Hydrobiologia


Ecology,Silkeborg,Den.

Volume: 506-509Pages: 135-145Accession Number: AN 2004:40216Keywords: Remediation; Water pollution (lake; phosphorus-contg. sediment and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow lakes); Lake sediments; Lake waters (phosphorus-contg. sediment and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow lakes); Lakes (restoration of; phosphorus-contg. sediment and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow lakes); Environmental pollution (sediment, lake; phosphorus-contg. sediment and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow lakes)review sediment role internal loading phosphorus shallow lakeAbstract: A review. The sediment plays an important role in the overall nutrient dynamics of shallow lakes. In lakes where the external loading has been reduced, internal phosphorus loading may prevent improvements in lake water quality. At high internal loading, summer concns. in particular rise and phosphorus retention can be neg. during most of the summer. Internal P loading originates from a pool accumulated in the sediment at high external loading, and significant amts. of phosphorus in lake sediments may be bound to redox-sensitive iron compds. or fixed in more or less labile org. forms. These forms are potentially mobile and may eventually be released to the lake water. Many factors are involved in the release of phosphorus. In particular, the redox-sensitive mobilization from the anoxic zone a few millimeters or centimeters below the sediment surface and microbial processes are considered important, but the phosphorus release mechanisms are to a certain extent lake specific. The importance of internal phosphorus loading is highly influenced by the biol. structure in the pelagic zone, and lakes shifting from a turbid to a clear water state as a result of, for example, biomanipulation may have considerably improved retention. However, internal loading may increase again if the turbid state returns. The recovery period following a phosphorus loading redn. depends on the loading history and the accumulation of phosphorus in the sediment, but in some lakes a neg. phosphorus retention continues for decades. Phosphorus can be released from sediment depths as low as 20 cm. The internal loading can be reduced significantly by various restoration methods, such as removal of phosphorus-rich surface layers or by the addn. of iron or alum to increase the sediment's sorption capacity. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 141:5884161-0WaterNational Environmental Research Institute,Department of Freshwater Ecology,Silkeborg,Den.


Journal; General Review0018-8158written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), GPR (Geological or astronomical process), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence), PROC (Process) (phosphorus-contg. sediment and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow lakes)

Fish Populations

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 616Author: Skov, C.; Lousdal, O.; Johansen, P. H.; Berg, S.Year: 2003Title: Piscivory of 0+ pike (Esox lucius L.) in a small eutrophic lake and its implication for biomanipulationJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 506-509Issue: 1-3Pages: 481-487Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 2Keywords: PredatorsIntroduced speciesFeeding behaviorPreyFood websWater qualityEutrophic environmentsLakesEnvironmental restorationPikeEutrophic LakesFoodsLake RestorationZooplanktonPhytoplanktonGrazingRoachFish Populations


InsectsDietsPredationStocking (organisms)Feeding behaviourFood organismsBiomanipulationRestorationFreshwater fishEsox luciusNorthern pikeAbstract: Stocking 0+ pike in shallow eutrophic lakes as an indirect way to facilitate clear water by increased phytoplankton grazing by zooplankton, has been used in several studies with varying success. Lack of piscivory could be one reason for poor impact of the pike stockings, on reducing the 0+ cyprinid fish population. In relation to this, we present data on food and feeding habits of 936 0+ pike (Esox lucius L.) (2-18 cm) sampled during five years in a small eutrophic lake undergoing biomanipulation. Overall, the food of 0+ pike followed a sequence of diet shifts including microcrustacea, insects, macrocrustacea and finally vertebrates (fish) with increase in pike length. Despite a high abundance of potential prey fish in the lake, in general less than 50% of the pike were piscivorous until a length of 10.1-13.7 cm. As piscivory increased, the principal prey fish (0+ roach) apparently displayed antipredatorial behaviour which decreased their availability for 0+ pike. We conclude that lack of piscivory caused by e.g. anti predator tactics by prey fish, may reduce the impact of 0+ pike stockings in lake restoration projects.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - NovTR: CS0419081M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Danish Institute for Fisheries Research, Department of Inland Fisheries, Vejlsovej 39, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark

Journal: Limnology and Oceanography

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 617Author: Scheffer, M.; Straile, D.; van Nes, E. H.; Hosper, H.Year: 2003Title: Climatic effects on regime shifts in lakes: A replyJournal: Limnology and Oceanography


biomanipulation effects, as biomanipulation `often results in CWPs that do not

Volume: 48Issue: 3Pages: 1353-1356Alternate Journal: Limnol.Oceanogr.Label: 4Keywords: LakesTeleconnectionsWater transparencyChlorophyllsEnvironment managementPhytoplanktonNutrients (mineral)ClimateOscillationsRegression analysisEnvironmental factorsAlgaeNetherlandsAN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic OscillationFreshwaterAbstract: In a recent study (Scheffer et al. 2001) we showed that spring and summer temperatures of a Dutch lake are strongly correlated to the NAO index of the previous winter and that the timing of clear-water phases in The Netherlands and Central Europe is also correlated to this climatic oscillation. Although this created no dispute, another more counterintuitive result of our analysis raised doubts (Jeppesen et al. 2003; Van Donk et al. 2003): we found that the probability for a spring clear-water phase in Dutch lakes was higher after winters with a higher NAO index, suggesting a positive effect of a mild winter and spring on the chances for a spring clear-water phase. The main point in both comments is that the NAO correlation may be an artifact of correlated lake management effects. Indeed, all Dutch lakes have been managed over the past decades in order to reduce their chlorophyll level, and lakes with lower average chlorophyll levels are known to have systematically higher chances of having clear water phases (CWPs) (Scheffer et al. 1997). Therefore, we used multiple logistic regression with not only the NAO index but also the average annual chlorophyll concentration as independent variables. However, the authors argue that although summer chlorophyll may be a good surrogate for nutrient status, it should not be used to correct for biomanipulation effects, as biomanipulation `often results in CWPs that do not


remain stable through the whole summer.' While CWPs in some biomanipulated lakes may indeed be short lived, this is actually the rule in most lakes rather than a typical result of biomanipulation (Sommer et al. 1986). We agree that it would be impossible to remove the effect statistically by including chlorophyll in the regression if biomanipulation would tend to let CWPs occur at higher average summer chlorophyll levels. However, this seems unlikely and is not suggested in either of the two references provided by Van Donk et al. Thus, although one may never be able to properly `remove' confounding effects in multiple regressions, the use of average chlorophyll as a proxy for management effects seems a rather appropriate choice.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - MayTR: CS0411076M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Agricultural University, Wageningen, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Crustaceans

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 618Author: Rask, M.; Olin, M.; Keskitalo, J.; Lehtovaara, A.; Ruuhijaervi, J.; Vesala, S.Year: 2003Title: Responses of plankton and fish communities to mass removal of planktivorous fish in a two-basin lake in southern FinlandJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 506-509Issue: 1-3Pages: 451-457Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 1Keywords: PlanktonBiomassPredator-prey interactionsLakesFish PopulationsPerchRoachCrustaceans


increasing trend from 100-150 to 150-200 mu g C l super(-1). The biomasses

SpringsPhytoplanktonFyke NetsVirusesDaphniaGrowthCyanophytaBiomanipulationRemovalFreshwater fishPlankton feedersTrophic relationshipsTrophic structurePopulation structureZooplanktonFreshwater crustaceansGrazingCyprinidaePiscesRutilus rutilusAlgaeBosmina coregoniFinlandFinland, Aeimaejaervi L.CarpsMinnowsFreshwaterAbstract: Responses of plankton and fish communities to mass removal of cyprinid fishes were studied in a two-basin lake, Aeimaejaervi, in southern Finland during 1997-2001. Fish were removed from the lake with fyke nets and seining. By spring 2001, the cumulative catches were 276 kg ha super(-1) in the northern and 226 kg ha super(-1) in the southern basin. Roach dominated the catches of both basins. From summer 1997 to 2001 the total biomass of phytoplankton decreased from 10-30 to 5-13 mg l super(-1) in the more eutrophic northern basin and from 5-19 to 2-4 mg l super(-1) in the southern basin, respectively. The occurrence of maximum biomass of blue-green algae moved from July to August towards autumn during the study period. The mean biomass of cladoceran crustaceans in July to August showed a slightly increasing trend from 100-150 to 150-200 mu g C l super(-1). The biomasses


of Daphnia spp. and Bosmina coregoni were higher in 2000 and 2001 compared to earlier years. The annual mean total catches of multimesh gillnets, dominated by roach, were 3.9-5.1 kg net super(-1) in the northern and 1.8-2.6 kg net super(-1) in the southern basin. A slight decrease took place in the gillnet catches in the southern basin but not in the northern. The increased growth of young perch and roach in the last years of the study period was attributed to the thermal conditions rather than to the fish removal.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - NovTR: CS0419079M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, Evo Fisheries Research Station, FIN-16970 Evo, Finland

Belgium, West-Vlaanderen, Blankaart L.

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 619Author: Muylaert, K.; Declerck, S.; Geenens, V.; Van Wichelen, J.; Degans, H.; Vandekerkhove, J.; Van der Gucht, K.; Vloemans, N.; Rommens, W.; Rejas, D.; Urrutia, R.; Sabbe, K.; Gillis, M.; Decleer, K.; De Meester, L.; Vyverman, W.Year: 2003Title: Zooplankton, phytoplankton and the microbial food web in two turbid and two clearwater shallow lakes in BelgiumJournal: Aquatic EcologyVolume: 37Issue: 2Pages: 137-150Alternate Journal: Aquat.Ecol.Label: 7Keywords: Eutrophic lakesFood websMicrobiologyPelagic environmentPhytoplanktonShallow waterSuspended particulate matterTurbidityZooplanktonBiomanipulationBelgium, West-Vlaanderen, Blankaart L.


Belgium, West-Vlaanderen, De Maten L.FreshwaterAbstract: Components of the pelagic food web in four eutrophic shallow lakes in two wetland reserves in Belgium ('Blankaart' and 'De Maten') were monitored during the course of 1998-1999. In each wetland reserve, a clearwater and a turbid lake were sampled. The two lakes in each wetland reserve had similar nutrient loadings and occurred in close proximity of each other. In accordance with the alternative stable states theory, food web structure differed strongly between the clearwater and turbid lakes. Phytoplankton biomass was higher in the turbid than the clearwater lakes. Whereas chlorophytes dominated the phytoplankton in the turbid lakes, cryptophytes were the most important phytoplankton group in the clearwater lakes. The biomass of microheterotrophs (bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates and ciliates) was higher in the turbid than the clearwater lakes. Biomass and community composition of micro- and macrozooplankton was not clearly related to water clarity. The ratio of macrozooplankton to phytoplankton biomass - an indicator of zooplankton grazing pressure on phytoplankton - was higher in the clearwater when compared to the turbid lakes. The factors potentially regulating water clarity, phytoplankton, microheterotrophs and macrozooplankton are discussed. Implications for the management of these lakes are discussed.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Physical medium: Printed matter, Internet; www.kluweronline.com/issn /1386-2588/; TR: BE0400104M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dept. Biology, University Gent, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Gent, 9000 Belgium, [mailto:[email protected]]

Label: 3

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 620Author: Matyas, K.; Oldal, I.; Korponai, J.; Tatrai, I.; Paulovits, G.Year: 2003Title: Indirect effect of different fish communities on nutrient chlorophyll relationship in shallow hypertrophic water quality reservoirsJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 504Issue: 1-3Pages: 231-239Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 3


were also examined. Considerable differences in the proportions of different

Keywords: Community compositionCommunity structurePhytoplanktonBiomassNutrient concentrationsWater qualityReservoirsNutrientsChlorophyll ASilverCarpFish PopulationsTransparencyZooplanktonTesting ProceduresShallow WaterFreshwater fishFeeding behaviourBiological controlGrazingChlorophyllsNutrients (mineral)NitrogenPhosphorusWater reservoirsPiscesHungaryCassette ReservoirMarcali ReservoirKis-Balaton Water Protection SystemHypertrophic watersFreshwaterAbstract: Effects of different fish communities on the proportion of different nitrogen and phosphorous forms and the amount of phytoplankton (chlorophyll a) were examined in two consecutive years (1992-1993) in three Hungarian shallow water reservoirs (Cassette and outer reservoir of the Kis-Balaton Water Protection System, and Marcali Reservoir). Possible interactions between nutrient concentrations and the amount of phytoplankton in these reservoirs were also examined. Considerable differences in the proportions of different


nutrient forms were observed between the three test sites, which could be explained by the presence of different fish stocks in these reservoirs. In the Cassette, the fish biomass necessary for a water quality improvement was around 50 kg ha super(-1). Phytoplankton biomass was controlled by the zooplankton, consequently chlorophyll a concentrations decreased considerably, while those of dissolved nutrients significantly increased. In the outer reservoir, phytoplankton was controlled bottom-up, since the 250 kg ha super(-1) fish biomass was larger than the critical value due to the high proportion of planktivorous species. Chlorophyll a concentrations were high, and nutrients were mainly in particulate form (in algal cells). In the Marcali reservoir, the recently introduced silver carp population could not control fully the phytoplankton. The biomass of phytoplankton decreased only slightly, while its composition changed considerably. Although biomanipulation with silver carp is suitable for ceasing cyanobacterial blooms, reduction of the amount of planktivorous fish seems to be a more adequate method for increasing water transparency, rather than introduction of phytoplankton feeding fish.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - SepTR: CS0419058M1 - JournalAuthor Address: West Transdanubian Water Authority, Departmentof Kis-Balaton, H-8360 Keszthely, Hungary

Lake Tuusulanjarvi, Finland); Biota (biodiversity; de-stratification, bio-

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 485Author: Lepisto, Liisa; Sammalkorpi, Ilkka; Jokipii, Reija; Niemela, MaijaYear: 2003Title: Effects of destratification and fish removal on the genus Microcystis in a shallow hypertrophic lakeJournal: Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie, SupplementVolume: 148Pages: 375-386Accession Number: AN 2003:990634Keywords: Transparency (Secchi disk; de-stratification, bio-manipulation, and fish harvesting effect on phytoplankton community and Microcystis biomass in shallow, hypertrophic Lake Tuusulanjarvi, Finland); Mixing (artificial water column; de-stratification, bio-manipulation, and fish harvesting effect on phytoplankton community and Microcystis biomass in shallow, hypertrophic Lake Tuusulanjarvi, Finland); Biota (biodiversity; de-stratification, bio-


(Occurrence, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence) (de-

manipulation, and fish harvesting effect on phytoplankton community and Microcystis biomass in shallow, hypertrophic Lake Tuusulanjarvi, Finland); Algal bloom; Anabaena solitaria; Aphanizomenon; Bacillariophyta; Cryptomonas; Cryptophyta; Cyanobacteria; Lake waters; Microcystis; Microcystis aeruginosa; Microcystis flos-aquae; Microcystis viridis; Microcystis wesenbergii; Oscillatoria agardhii; Phytoplankton; Rhodomonas lacustris; Temperature (de-stratification, bio-manipulation, and fish harvesting effect on phytoplankton community and Microcystis biomass in shallow, hypertrophic Lake Tuusulanjarvi, Finland); Fish (harvesting of planktivorous and benthivorous; de-stratification, bio-manipulation, and fish harvesting effect on phytoplankton community and Microcystis biomass in shallow, hypertrophic Lake Tuusulanjarvi, Finland)destratification biomanipulation effect cyanobacteria phytoplankton Lake Tuusulanjarvi Finland; fish harvesting Microcystis response Lake Tuusulanjarvi FinlandAbstract: Boreal Lake Tuusulanjarvi is hypertrophic due to high diffuse and internal loadings maintained by hypolimnetic O2 depletion and a high d. of cyprinids. The lake phytoplankton community, esp. cyanophyta (cyanobacteria, cyanoprokaryota) is highly diverse; Lake Tuusulanjarvi has been characterized as a botanical garden of the genus, Microcystis. Abundant cyanophyta producing nuisance algal blooms generated a need for intensive restoration activity. Since autumn 1997, effective de-stratification and bio-manipulation have decreased internal loading. As a result of lower nutrient concns., phytoplankton biomass, esp. cyanophyta, decreased and transparency increased. Cyanophyta biomass was lowest in summer after the highest removal of fish biomass. During the study, 69 cyanophyta taxa were identified. High nutrient concns. clearly explained the occurrence of some Microcystis morpho-types; M. wesenbergii, M. aeruginosa, and M. viridis, embedded in a specific type of mucilaginous sheath, were considered morpho-types occurring during different stratification phases. M. wesenbergii and M. viridis were the most resistant species to biomanipulation and de-stratification. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 140:25830261-1WaterFinnish Environment Institute,Helsinki,Finland.Journalwritten in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a) Role: BSU (Biological study, unclassified), OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence) (de-


stratification, bio-manipulation, and fish harvesting effect on phytoplankton community and Microcystis biomass in shallow, hypertrophic Lake Tuusulanjarvi, Finland); 7439-89-6 (Iron) Role: OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), OCCU (Occurrence) (de-stratification, bio-manipulation, and fish harvesting effect on phytoplankton community and Microcystis biomass in shallow, hypertrophic Lake Tuusulanjarvi, Finland); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), OCCU (Occurrence) (total; de-stratification, bio-manipulation, and fish harvesting effect on phytoplankton community and Microcystis biomass in shallow, hypertrophic Lake Tuusulanjarvi, Finland)

located in the eastern part of Germany's Baltic lake district, was selected for a

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 486Author: Kasprzak, Peter; Koschel, Rainer; Krienitz, Lothar; Gonsiorczyk, Thomas; Anwand, Karl; Laude, Uwe; Wysujack, Klaus; Brach, Henry; Mehner, ThomasYear: 2003Title: Reduction of nutrient loading, planktivore removal and piscivore stocking as tools in water quality management: the Feldberger Haussee biomanipulation projectJournal: LimnologicaVolume: 33Issue: 3Pages: 190-204Accession Number: AN 2003:958810Keywords: Lake waters (eutrophic; redn. of nutrient loading and planktivore removal and piscivore stocking as tools in water quality management, Feldberger Haussee biomanipulation project); Embryophyta (macrophytic plant; redn. of nutrient loading and planktivore removal and piscivore stocking as tools in water quality management, Feldberger Haussee biomanipulation project); Cyprinidae; Daphnia; Daphnia cucullata; Fish; Lake sediments; Phytoplankton (redn. of nutrient loading and planktivore removal and piscivore stocking as tools in water quality management, Feldberger Haussee biomanipulation project)redn nutrient loading planktivore piscivore stocking water quality biomanipulationAbstract: The Feldberger Haussee, a highly eutrophic stratified hard-water lake located in the eastern part of Germany's Baltic lake district, was selected for a


13397-26-7 (Calcite) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence),

restoration programmed combining external nutrient loading redn. and long-term biomanipulation. In 1980 the external phosphorus loading (1.8 g TP/m2-yr) decreased by 90%, but water quality did not improve significantly within the following 6 yr. In 1985 biomanipulation was initiated, with manual removal of cyprinid fish coupled with piscivore introductions as the principal measures. The expected changes in the pelagic community and improvements of water quality occurred after a delay of several years. Despite intensive manual removal of cyprinids and stocking of piscivores, standing stocks of cyprinid fish remained relatively high (130-260 Kg ww/ha) after some years of decline. Compared to the pre-biomanipulation period, mean seasonal (May-Sept.) Daphnia spp. biomass roughly doubled (0.037 vs. 0.084 g C/m3). However, the predominance of small (<1 mm) D. cucullata throughout the whole study period indicated that planktivory was still substantial. Paired observations between edible phytoplankton biomass and Daphnia spp. indicated that a significant decline in algal stocks would only occur if herbivorous biomass was above a certain threshold (0.2 g C/m3). Reduced external and internal loading in concert with pelagic calcite pptn. were most likely responsible for the decline in lake P concns., thereby substantially improving the water quality of Feldberger Haussee. Although this is not supported by quant. evidence, we hypothesize that resource-related water quality improvements were caused by changes in the structure of the pelagic community leading to increased calcite pptn. In agreement with the results of other investigations, we conclude that because stabilizing mechanisms such as macrophyte growth were lacking in Feldberger Haussee, biomanipulation in stratified lakes may not be as successful as has been obsd. in shallow lakes. However, in hard-water lakes, calcite pptn. may act as another stabilizing resource-related mechanism. Phosphorus assocd. with sedimenting calcite particles is insensitive to redox-conditions and may therefore not be re-mobilized from lake sediments even if hypolimnetic O is depleted. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 140:24034161-1WaterDepartment of Limnology of Stratified Lakes,Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries,Neuglobsow,Germany.Journal0075-9511written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen); 7782-44-7 (Oxygen); 13397-26-7 (Calcite) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence),


OCCU (Occurrence) (redn. of nutrient loading and planktivore removal and piscivore stocking as tools in water quality management, Feldberger Haussee biomanipulation project)

the nine target groups. The LakeWeb-model has been calibrated and critically

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 621Author: Hakanson, L.; Boulion, V. V.; Ostapenia, A. P.Year: 2003Title: The influence of biomanipulations (fish removal) on the structure of lake foodwebs, case studies using the LakeWeb-modelJournal: Aquatic EcologyVolume: 37Issue: 1Pages: 87-99Alternate Journal: Aquat.Ecol.Label: 6Keywords: BenthosBiomanipulationEnvironmental factorsFunctional morphologyFreshwater lakesPhytoplanktonZooplanktonModelsRemovalTrophodynamic cycleFreshwaterAbstract: This paper presents results on how intensive fishing (fish removal) is likely to influence the structure of lake foodwebs. The work is based on a comprehensive dynamic lake ecosystem model, LakeWeb, which accounts for production, biomasses, predation and abiotic /biotic interactions of nine key functional groups of organisms: phytoplankton, bacterioplankton, two types of zooplankton (herbivorous and predatory), two types of fish (prey and predatory), zoobenthos, macrophytes and benthic algae. The model uses ordinary differential equations, the ecosystem scale and gives seasonal variations (the calculation time is 1 week). It is designed to account for all fundamental abiotic/biotic interactions and feedbacks for lakes in general for the nine target groups. The LakeWeb-model has been calibrated and critically


tested using empirical data and regressions based on data from many lakes. It has been shown that the model can closely capture typical functional and structural patterns in lakes, which should give credibility to the results presented in this work. Obtaining such results using traditional methods, i.e., extensive field studies in one or a few lakes, would be very demanding (in terms of money, persons involved and time). In this paper, results are presented for two lakes, one Swedish and one Belarussian. The intensive fishing operations carried out in Lake Blacksastjarn, Sweden, to reduce Hg-concentrations in fish did not succeed. A typical cost of an intensive fishing is about 10,000-30,000 USD per lake of this size ( less than or equal to 0.25 km super(2)). The costs to remove fish would be about 40-120 USD per kg ww fish removed! Intensive fishing simulated for Lake Batorino, Belarus, to reduce the fish biomass will likely increase the prey fish biomass as long as the predation pressure on prey fish is lower than during the prefishing stage. The biomass of predatory fish will recover only slowly. However, this operation is not likely to succeed in lowering the algal volume in lakes with a high biomass of predatory zooplankton. This is easy to state qualitatively and the LakeWeb-model offers a practically useful tool to quantify such changes and identify lakes where biomanipulations are likely to fail or succeed.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Physical medium: Printed matter, Internet; http://www.kluweronline.com /issn/1386-2588; TR: BE0300029M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villav. 16, Uppsala, 752 36 Sweden

management)

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 210Author: Bhatti, Zafar I.Year: 2003Title: Lake and reservoir managementJournal: Water Environment ResearchVolume: 75Issue: 6Pages: 1354-1416Accession Number: AN 2003:860124Keywords: Water pollution (control; lake and reservoir management); Ecotoxicity; Lake waters; Lakes; Reservoir waters (lake and reservoir management)


review water lake reservoir management ecotoxicityAbstract: A review is given on research in the field of lake and reservoir management. Topics discussed include sampling and anal. techniques, water quality, nutrients, org. matter, sediments, heavy metals, pesticides, eutrophication, toxicity effects, management, biomanipulation, restoration/treatment systems, modeling, fish habitat, cyanobacteria, macrophytes, phytoplankton, olegochaetes, diatoms, charophytes, climate change, Arctic region lakes, and meteorol. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 139:38555261-0WaterAssessment and Approvals Branch,Ministry of the Environment,ON,Can.Journal; General Review1061-4303written in English.

quality. Over 25 yr of raw sewage effluent discharge shifted Lake Eymir from a

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 488Author: Beklioglu, M.; Ince, O.; Tuzun, I.Year: 2003Title: Restoration of the eutrophic Lake Eymir, Turkey, by biomanipulation after a major external nutrient control IJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 490Pages: 93-105Accession Number: AN 2003:316529Keywords: Water pollution (lake; restoration of eutrophic Lake Eymir, Turkey, by biomanipulation after major external nutrient control); Arctodiaptomus bacillifer; Bacillariophyta; Ceriodaphnia; Chlorophyta; Cryptophyta; Cyanobacteria; Cyprinus carpio; Daphnia pulex; Dinophyceae; Fish; Fulica atra; Lakes; Nutrients; Tinca tinca; Turbidity; Wastewater (restoration of eutrophic Lake Eymir, Turkey, by biomanipulation after major external nutrient control); Nitrates; Nitrites Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (restoration of eutrophic Lake Eymir, Turkey, by biomanipulation after major external nutrient control)biomanipulation nutrient eutrophication sewage effluent Lake Eymir TurkeyAbstract: Nutrient loading in lakes is recognized as a serious threat to water quality. Over 25 yr of raw sewage effluent discharge shifted Lake Eymir from a


inorg.; restoration of eutrophic Lake Eymir, Turkey, by biomanipulation after

state dominated by submerged plants to a turbid water state. Successful effluent diversion undertaken in 1995 achieved 88% and 95% redns. in the areal loading of total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved inorg. nitrogen (DIN), resp. Also, the reduced load of TP was very close to the suggested threshold areal load (0.6 g/m2-yr) to attain recovery. Even though diversion also reduced the in-lake TP level by half, the poor water clarity and low submerged plant coverage (112 +- 43 cm and 2.5% coverage of the lake total surface area, resp.) persisted. Domination of the fish stock by planktivorous tench (Tinca tinca L.) and the benthivorous common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) (66 +- 0.7 and 31 +- 1 kg CPUE, resp.) appeared to perpetuate the poor water condition. A substantial fish removal effort over 1 yr achieved a 57% redn. in the fish stock which led to a 2.5-fold increase in Secchi disk transparency. This increase occurred largely because of a 4.5-fold decrease in the inorg. suspended solid concn., and to some extent, a decrease in chlorophyll-a concn. A strong top-down effect of fish on the large-sized grazers was evident as d. and the body size of Daphnia pulex de Geer increased significantly after the fish removal. Even though the spring and annual euphotic depths occurred well above the max. and mean depths of the lake, resp., re-development of submerged plants was poor (6.2% coverage). A weak reestablishment of submerged plants might be attributed to an insufficiently viable seed bank, inappropriate chem. conditions of the sediment (severe oxygen deficiency), or to the high coot (Fulica atra L.) d. However, the top-down effect of fish appeared to be of great importance in detg. water clarity, and in turn, conditions for submerged plant development in a warm temperate lake as recorded in the north temperate lakes. Also, this study provides evidence for the importance of top-down control of fish, which, in turn, can be effectively used as a restoration strategy in warm-temperate lakes as well. More applications, along with long monitoring programs, are needed to develop a better understanding about requirements for biomanipulation success in this climate. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 139:26517361-2WaterBiology Department,Middle East Technical University,Ankara,Turk.Journal0018-8158written in English.7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (dissolved inorg.; restoration of eutrophic Lake Eymir, Turkey, by biomanipulation after


major external nutrient control); 479-61-8 (Chlorophyll-a) Role: BSU (Biological study, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study) (restoration of eutrophic Lake Eymir, Turkey, by biomanipulation after major external nutrient control); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (restoration of eutrophic Lake Eymir, Turkey, by biomanipulation after major external nutrient control); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (total and sol. reactive; restoration of eutrophic Lake Eymir, Turkey, by biomanipulation after major external nutrient control)

Freshwater

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 622Author: Xie, Ping; Wu, LinYear: 2002Title: Enhancement of Moina micrura by the filter-feeding silver and bighead carps in a subtropical Chinese lakeJournal: Archiv fur HydrobiologieVolume: 154Issue: 2Pages: 327-340Alternate Journal: Arch.Hydrobiol.Label: 13Keywords: PredationBiomanipulationTrophic levelsFood websZooplanktonAbundanceSeasonal variationsFish cultureWater temperatureFilter feedersMoina micruraDaphniaHypophthalmichthys molitrixAristichthys nobilisChina, People's Rep., Donghu L.Silver carpFreshwater


Abstract: The changes of cladoceran zooplankton from 1980 to 1996 were studied in a hypereutrophic subtropical Chinese lake, Lake Donghu, and an enclosure experiment was conducted to examine the possible role of the increased fish production in the enhancement of Moina micrura in the lake after mid-1980s. During the 1980s, the most striking event of the cladoceran community in the lake was that dominance of Daphnia was replaced by Moina following a steady increase in the production of planktivorous fish. This replacement was a direct result of increased fish predation, since our enclosure experiment indicates that Moina are less vulnerable to fish predation than Daphnia, and that increase in fish-stocking rate favors the development of M. micrura. The stronger resistance of M. micrura to fish predation may be attributed to its smaller body size and higher intrinsic growth rate than the daphnids. The present study has a strong parallel with the responses of zooplankton community to predators observed in many temperate lakes, and perhaps the only real difference is that in our lake the small rapidly growing cladoceran is Moina, rather than Bosmina or some other typical temperate lake species. In the present study, the strong fish predation caused a shift from Daphnia to small zooplankton but not a corresponding increase in phytoplankton, which is in sharp contrast to what is expected with the classic "trophic cascade" process.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Physical medium: Printed matter; TR: BF0300339M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Wuhan 430072 People's Rep. China, [mailto:[email protected]]

Alternate Journal: Freshwater Biol

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 611Author: Wysujack, Klaus; Mehner, ThomasYear: 2002Title: Comparison of losses of planktivorous fish by predation and seine-fishing in a lake undergoing long-term biomanipulationJournal: Freshwater BiolVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2425-2434Date: December 01, 2002Alternate Journal: Freshwater Biol


Abstract: SUMMARY 1. Piscivore stocking at artificially high densities and fishing are the two common approaches to reduce the amount of planktivorous and benthivorous fish in lake biomanipulation programmes. Both measures have advantages and disadvantages, but their relative efficacy has not previously been directly compared. 2. We calculated the average annual catch of roach and bream in a lake undergoing long-term biomanipulation (Feldberger Haussee, Germany) by seining each year between 1992 and 1998. We compared this value with a bioenergetics estimate of annual consumption rates of the dominant cohorts of piscivores, pikeperch and pike, in 1997 and 1998. We also determined species composition and length distribution of prey fish in stomachs of the piscivores. 3. Roach was the dominant prey species of both pikeperch and pike, whereas bream was rarely taken by either piscivorous species. Seining removed on average larger specimens of roach than were found in the stomachs of the piscivores. 4. Based on stocking densities of the piscivores, published mortality rates, and individual consumption rates, feeding of pikeperch and pike on roach exceeded the manual removal of roach by seining by a factor of 4-15 (biomass) in 1997 and 1998. 5. Based on these results, a combination of fishing and piscivore enhancement is recommended. Whereas the stocks of adult roach and bream have to be reduced mainly by fishing, the predation of piscivores should be directed predominantly towards the juvenile zooplanktivorous fish. Therefore, small size-classes of piscivorous fish should be promoted by fisheries management, including stocking and harvest regulations.URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00994.x/abs

and application)

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 491Author: Wang, Guoxiang; Cheng, Xiaoying; Pu, PeiminYear: 2002Title: Lake eutrophication control in technology, theory and applicationJournal: Hupo KexueVolume: 14Issue: 3Pages: 273-282Accession Number: AN 2002:775018Keywords: Eutrophication; Lakes (lake eutrophication control in technol., theory and application)


review lake eutrophication control technolAbstract: A review. The practice of controlling lake eutrophication has come a long and difficult way from controlling nutrient, direct killing algae to biomanipulation and ecol. restoration. Although many countries have put a huge amt. of money into it, little effect was produced yet. Lake eutrophication is still a serious global hydro-environmental problem. To review and analyze experience and lessons drawn from researches and practices in this regard will undoubtedly be very beneficial to the adoption of more feasible techniques in effectively controlling lake eutrophication. After a comprehensive survey into worldwide research results in controlling lake eutrophication, eutrophication is a typical ecol. problem. Ecol. problems can only be solved through ecol. ways. Since eutrophication can not be quickly controlled in whole-lake scale, its the key how to centralize tech. and financial resources for controlling the eutrophication in some important areas where human prodn. and life are greatly affected by eutrophication. Gradually, the degraded ecosystem might be remedied; self-purifying capability enhanced and water quality improved. A healthy lake ecosystem will be restored finally. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 138:2862861-0WaterCollege of Geographical Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,Taiwan.Journal; General Review1003-5427written in Chinese.

Abstract: SUMMARY 1. Following fish removal, the water quality in

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 602Author: Tarvainen, M.; Sarvala, J.; Helminen, H.Year: 2002Title: The role of phosphorus release by roach [Rutilus rutilus (L.)] in the water quality changes of a biomanipulated lakeJournal: Freshwater BiolVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2325-2336Date: December 01, 2002Alternate Journal: Freshwater BiolAbstract: SUMMARY 1. Following fish removal, the water quality in


biomanipulated lakes often improves concomitant with decreased phosphorus (P) levels. Because the decrease in P concentrations derives most probably either directly or indirectly from fish, which are the main target of biomanipulation, this study examined the P release of 0+, 1+ and 2+ roach [Rutilus rutilus (L.)] and changes in the P release during summer in a shallow eutrophic lake in Finland. 2. The P release was separated into P derived from benthic and littoral food items and into recycled P derived from feeding on zooplankton, to estimate the contribution of net P additions to the water column by the fish to the increase in P concentrations of the lake water (75-110 mg P m-3) in summer 1991-96. 3. Individual P release of roach by both egestion and excretion was estimated with a bioenergetics model. The size of the roach population was estimated with a depletion method and the proportions of different age groups from catch samples, using a programme separating mixtures of normal distributions. The sensitivity of the release estimates to variation in the growth data was estimated with the jackknife technique. 4. The biomass-specific P release by 0+ roach (0.36-0.54 mg P g-1 day-1) was higher than that by older roach (0.07-0.16 mg P g-1 day-1) throughout the summer. The P release by the whole roach population deriving from benthic and littoral food items (0.7-2.7 mg m-3 during July to August, representing a net addition to the water column) was 5-19 times lower in 1991-96 than the recycled P release deriving from zooplankton (8.9-25.7 mg m-3), and too low to explain the increase in the P concentration of the lake water during the summer. Because the biomass-specific P release and roach diet composition vary with fish age, it is important to consider the age structure of fish populations to obtain correct estimates of P release and net additions to the water column. 5. The removal of roach by fishing diminished the roach stock greatly, but the fish-mediated P release to the water column changed little. This effect was because of the high compensation capacity of the roach population, leading to high recruitment of young fish with higher biomass-specific P release rates. 6. External loading is very low during summer months and therefore it cannot explain the increase in the P concentration of water during that time. Internal loading from the sediment might be as high as 10.2 mg P m-2 day-1, i.e. 50 times higher than the maximum net P addition by the total roach population.URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00992.x/abs

Reference Type: Journal ArticleReference Type: Journal Article


growth data was estd. with the jackknife technique. 4. The biomass-specific P

Record Number: 490Author: Tarvainen, M.; Sarvala, J.; Helminen, H.Year: 2002Title: The role of phosphorus release by roach [Rutilus rutilus (L.)] in the water quality changes of a biomanipulated lakeJournal: Freshwater BiologyVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2325-2336Accession Number: AN 2002:973671Keywords: Geological sediments (detrital; role of phosphorus release by roach in water quality changes of biomanipulated lake); Metabolism (energy; role of phosphorus release by roach in water quality changes of biomanipulated lake); Biological transport (excretion; role of phosphorus release by roach in water quality changes of biomanipulated lake); Insecta (floating; role of phosphorus release by roach in water quality changes of biomanipulated lake); Benthic organisms (invertebrate; role of phosphorus release by roach in water quality changes of biomanipulated lake); Water pollution (lake; role of phosphorus release by roach in water quality changes of biomanipulated lake); Environmental modeling; Lake sediments; Lake waters; Potamogeton; Roach; Rutilus; Zooplankton (role of phosphorus release by roach in water quality changes of biomanipulated lake)lake water pollution phosphorus roach Rutilus biomanipulation bioenergetics modelAbstract: 1. Following fish removal, the water quality in biomanipulated lakes often improves concomitant with decreased phosphorus (P) levels. Because the decrease in P concns. derives most probably either directly or indirectly from fish, which are the main target of biomanipulation, this study examd. the P release of 0 + , 1 + and 2 + roach [Rutilus rutilus (L.)] and changes in the P release during summer in a shallow eutrophic lake in Finland. 2. The P release was sepd. into P derived from benthic and littoral food items and into recycled P derived from feeding on zooplankton, to est. the contribution of net P addns. to the water column by the fish to the increase in P concns. of the lake water (75-110 mg P/m3) in summer 1991-96. 3. Individual P release of roach by both egestion and excretion was estd. with a bioenergetics model. The size of the roach population was estd. with a depletion method and the proportions of different age groups from catch samples, using a program sepg. mixts. of normal distributions. The sensitivity of the release ests. to variation in the growth data was estd. with the jackknife technique. 4. The biomass-specific P


release by 0 + roach (0.36-0.54 mg P/g-day) was higher than that by older roach (0.07-0.16 mg P/g-day) throughout the summer. The P release by the whole roach population deriving from benthic and littoral food items (0.7-2.7 mg/m3 during July to August, representing a net addn. to the water column) was 5-19 times lower in 1991-96 than the recycled P release deriving from zooplankton (8.9-25.7 mg/m3), and too low to explain the increase in the P concn. of the lake water during the summer. Because the biomass-specific P release and roach diet compn. vary with fish age, it is important to consider the age structure of fish populations to obtain correct ests. of P release and net addns. to the water column. 5. The removal of roach by fishing diminished the roach stock greatly, but the fish-mediated P release to the water column changed little. This effect was because of the high compensation capacity of the roach population, leading to high recruitment of young fish with higher biomass-specific P release rates. 6. External loading is very low during summer months and therefore it cannot explain the increase in the P concn. of water during that time. Internal loading from the sediment might be ?10.2 mg P/m2-day, i.e. 50 times higher than the max. net P addn. by the total roach population. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 138:22618161-2WaterSection of Ecology, Department of Biology,University of Turku,Turku,Finland.Journal0046-5070written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: BSU (Biological study, unclassified), GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence) (role of phosphorus release by roach in water quality changes of biomanipulated lake)

Journal: Freshwater Biol

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 613Author: Starling, Fernando; Lazzaro, Xavier; Cavalcanti, Cristine; Moreira, RicardoYear: 2002Title: Contribution of omnivorous tilapia to eutrophication of a shallow tropical reservoir: evidence from a fish killJournal: Freshwater Biol


Volume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2443-2452Date: December 01, 2002Alternate Journal: Freshwater BiolAbstract: SUMMARY 1. We examined whether a large stock of tilapia (>750 kg ha-1, in littoral areas >1300 kg ha-1), mostly Oreochromis niloticus (L.) and Tilapia rendalli (Boulenger), could contribute to the eutrophication of a tropical reservoir (Lago Paranoa, Brasilia, Brazil) by enhancing P-loading. 2. We took advantage of an extensive fish kill (>150 tons removed) during May-August 1997 in a hypereutrophic branch of the reservoir to compare water quality characteristics 1 year before and after this event by means of BACI statistics. We also measured P-excretion rates in laboratory trials to assess the P-loading of the reservoir by the tilapia relative to tributary inputs and loading from a sewage treatment plant. 3. Concentrations of chlorophyll a (decline from 84 to 56 mug L-1, P=0.018) and total P (decline from 100 to 66 mug L-1, P < 0.001) decreased significantly in the branch of the reservoir affected by the fish kill, compared with a similar but unaffected branch that served as a control. Because P-loading by both a sewage treatment plant and tributaries remained high after the incidence, the fish kill was likely to contribute to the observed water quality improvement. 4. Removing 150 tons of dead tilapia corresponded to 20 days of external total phosphorus load (TP-load) to the branch, and resulted in a reduction of 5.1 kg P day-1 in internal recycling via tilapia excretion, which is equivalent to 12% of the external TP-load. 5. Implementing professional tilapia cast-net fisheries could be an efficient biomanipulation approach to improve water quality and limit the occurrence of cyanobacteria blooms and fish kills in hypereutrophic branches of Lago Paranoa and similar tropical lakes.URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.01013.x/abs

shallow Danish lakes after reduced loading

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 437Author: Sondergaard, Martin; Jensen, Jens Peder; Jeppesen, Erik; Moller, Poul HaldYear: 2002Title: Seasonal dynamics in the concentrations and retention of phosphorus in shallow Danish lakes after reduced loading


of pre-biomanipulation concns. The period exhibiting neg. P retention declined

Journal: Aquatic Ecosystem Health & ManagementVolume: 5Issue: 1Pages: 19-29Accession Number: AN 2002:419200Keywords: Transparency (Secchi disk; bio-manipulation effect on seasonal variation of total phosphorus concns. and retention in shallow lakes following significant redns. in total phosphorus loads in Denmark); Temperature (bio-manipulation effect on seasonal variation of total phosphorus concns. and retention in shallow lakes following significant redns. in total phosphorus loads in Denmark); Water pollution (lake water; bio-manipulation effect on seasonal variation of total phosphorus concns. and retention in shallow lakes following significant redns. in total phosphorus loads in Denmark); Abramis brama; Leuciscus rutilus (removal of; bio-manipulation effect on seasonal variation of total phosphorus concns. and retention in shallow lakes following significant redns. in total phosphorus loads in Denmark); Fish (zooplanktivorous fish removal; bio-manipulation effect on seasonal variation of total phosphorus concns. and retention in shallow lakes following significant redns. in total phosphorus loads in Denmark)seasonal dynamics phosphorus concn retention lake Denmark; reduced pollutant load phosphorus concn retention dynamics lake Denmark; zooplanktivorous fish biomanipulation removal lake DenmarkAbstract: To examine how P concns. and retention were affected during recovery following reduced external P loading, P concns. and loads were seasonally monitored for 11 yr in 15 shallow eutrophic Danish lakes. Hydraulic load, inlet, and lake water were sampled monthly in winter (Oct.-Apr.) and bimonthly in summer (May-Sept.) to est. monthly mass balances. Total P concns. in lakes were 2-3 times higher in summer vs. winter; internal loading seemed of great significance. P retention was neg. from Apr. until Oct.; the most neg. values generally occurred in May and July (-30% of external loading). In June, retention was less neg. (-12%), probably affected by clear water phases which often appeared in early summer. During the 11 yr study, the period with neg. P retention decreased from 5 to 4 mo and, as a median, max. P concn. declined from .apprx.0.4 to 0.2 mg P/L. In Lake Engelsholm, which was bio-manipulated by a 66% redn. of zooplanktivorous fish stock (mainly bream, Abramis brama), marked changes were obsd. in biol. structure. Also affected were P concns. and retention. Simultaneously, with an increase in Secchi depth from 0.7 to 2.0 m, total P concns. in summer decreased to <50% of pre-biomanipulation concns. The period exhibiting neg. P retention declined


from 6 mo before the intervention to 4 mo afterwards. It was concluded the recovery period after reduced P loading may last long in shallow eutrophic lakes, but that recovery is significantly affected by biol. structure. During recovery, the duration and net P release rates from sediment declined progressively.Notes: CAN 137:14501761-2WaterDept. of Lake and Estuarine Ecology,National Environmental Research Institute,Silkeborg,Den.Journal1463-4988written in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a) Role: BSU (Biological study, unclassified), OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence) (bio-manipulation effect on seasonal variation of total phosphorus concns. and retention in shallow lakes following significant redns. in total phosphorus loads in Denmark); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (total; bio-manipulation effect on seasonal variation of total phosphorus concns. and retention in shallow lakes following significant redns. in total phosphorus loads in Denmark)

and implications for restoration); Remediation; Water pollution (lake; seasonal

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 493Author: Romero, Jose R.; Kagalou, Iphigenia; Imberger, Joerg; Hela, Dimitra; Kotti, Melina; Bartzokas, Aristides; Albanis, Triantafyllos; Evmirides, Nicholaos; Karkabounas, Spiros; Papagiannis, Joannis; Bithava, AmaliaYear: 2002Title: Seasonal water quality of shallow and eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece: implications for restorationJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 474Pages: 91-105Accession Number: AN 2002:562503Keywords: Catchment (agricultural, nutrient input by; seasonal water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration); Rain (input of; seasonal water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration); Remediation; Water pollution (lake; seasonal


Centre for Water Research,University of Western Australia,Crawley,Australia.

water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration); Stream waters (nutrient input by; seasonal water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration); Lakes (restoration of; seasonal water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration); Algae; Algal bloom; Bacillariophyta; Chlorophyta; Cladocera; Copepoda; Cyanobacteria; Eutrophication; Lake sediments; Lake waters; Phytoplankton; Rotifera (seasonal water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration); Nitrates; Silicates Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (seasonal water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration); Environmental pollution (sediment, lake; seasonal water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration); Environmental transport (sediment-water; seasonal water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration)lake quality season restoration implication eutrophic Lake Pamvotis GreeceAbstract: Lake Pamvotis is a moderately sized (22 km2), shallow (zavg = 4 m) lake with a polymictic stratification regime, located in northwest Greece. The lake has undergone cultural eutrophication over the past 40 yr and is currently eutrophic [annual avs. of filterable reactive P (FRP) = 0.07 mg P/L, total P (TP) = 0.11 mg P/L, NH4+ = 0.25 mg N/L, NO3- = 0.56 mg N/L]. FRP and NH4+ levels are correlated to external loading from streams during the winter and spring, and to internal loading during multiday periods of summer stratification. Algal blooms occurred in summer (July-August, green algae, August-Sept., blue-green algae), autumn (Oct., blue-green algae and diatoms), and winter (Feb., diatoms), but not in the spring (Mar.-June). The phytoplankton underwent brief periods of N and P limitation, although persistent low transparency (Secchi depth of 60-80 cm) also suggests periods of light limitation. Rotifer counts were highest from mid-summer to early autumn, whereas copepods were high in the spring and cladocerans were low in the summer. Removal of industrial and sewage point sources a decade ago resulted in a decrease in FRP. A phosphorus mass balance indicated that redns. in external loading from the predominately agricultural catchment will decrease FRP levels further. The com. fishery and lake hatchery also provides opportunities to control algal biomass through biomanipulation measures. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 138:11175361-2WaterCentre for Water Research,University of Western Australia,Crawley,Australia.


Journal0018-8158written in English.7782-44-7 (Oxygen) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (dissolved; seasonal water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (seasonal water quality of shallow, eutrophic Lake Pamvotis, Greece and implications for restoration)

silver carp had a stronger negative effect on cladoceran zooplankton than on

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 603Author: Radke, Robert J.; Kahl, UweYear: 2002Title: Effects of a filter-feeding fish [silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Val.)] on phyto- and zooplankton in a mesotrophic reservoir: results from an enclosure experimentJournal: Freshwater BiolVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2337-2344Date: December 01, 2002Alternate Journal: Freshwater BiolAbstract: SUMMARY 1. Silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Val.), feeds on both phyto- and zooplankton and has been used in lake biomanipulation studies to suppress algal biomass. Because reports on the effects of silver carp on lake food webs have been contradictory, we conducted an enclosure experiment to test how a moderate biomass of the fish (10 g wet weight m-3) affects phytoplankton and crustacean zooplankton in a mesotrophic temperate reservoir. 2. Phytoplankton biomass <30 mum and particulate organic carbon (POC) <30 mum were significantly higher in enclosures with silver carp than in enclosures without fish, whereas Secchi depth was lower. Total copepod biomass declined strongly in both treatments during the experiment, but it was significantly higher in fish-free enclosures. Daphnid biomass was also consistently higher in enclosures without fish, although this effect was not significant. However, the presence of fish led to a fast and significant decrease in the size at maturity of Daphnia galeata Sars. Thus, the moderate biomass of silver carp had a stronger negative effect on cladoceran zooplankton than on


phytoplankton. 3. Based on these results and those of previous studies, we conclude that silver carp should be used for biomanipulation only if the primary aim is to reduce nuisance blooms of large phytoplankton species (e.g. cyanobacteria) that cannot be effectively controlled by large herbivorous zooplankton. Therefore, stocking of silver carp appears to be most appropriate in tropical lakes that are highly productive and naturally lack large cladoceran zooplankton.URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00993.x/abs

Conference

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 487Author: Nastova-Dordioska, Rodne; Kostov, Vasil; Lokoska, Lence; Noveska, VeraYear: 2002Title: Assessment of the quality of water from the Strezevo Reservoir on the Makedonia River based on physicochemical and bacteriological parametersJournal: Voda 2002, Konferencija o Aktuelnim Problemima Koriscenja i Zastite Voda, 31st, Vrnjacka Banja, Yugoslavia, June 11-14, 2002Pages: 84-90Accession Number: AN 2003:553957Keywords: Reservoir waters; Water pollution (water quality of Strezevo Reservoir, Serbia); Nitrates; Nitrites; Phosphates Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (water quality of Strezevo Reservoir, Serbia)water quality Strezevo Reservoir SerbiaAbstract: Within the project \"Use of biomanipulation in resolving eutrophication problem of the accumulation lake Strezevo on Makedonia River\", the water quality of the above mentioned accumulation lake was researched using phys.-chem. and bacteriol. parameters. Measurements were conducted in 2000, in on six locations along the accumulation, from Semnica River to the dam. From the analyzed examples, it was concluded that the accumulation lake has already had a higher concn. of org. materials which are decompg. in the sediment. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 139:23470061-2WaterInstitut za stocarstvo,Skopje,Macedonia.Conference


written in Serbian.7782-44-7 (Oxygen) Role: OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), OCCU (Occurrence) (water quality of Strezevo Reservoir, Serbia); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (water quality of Strezevo Reservoir, Serbia)

Environmental restoration

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 624Author: Moss, B.; Carvalho, L.; Plewes, J.Year: 2002Title: The lake at Llandrindod Wells - a restoration comedy?Journal: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater EcosystemsVolume: 12Issue: 2Pages: 229-245Alternate Journal: Aquat.Conserv.: Mar.Freshwat.Ecosyst.Label: 11Keywords: British Isles, WalesLakesWater Resources ManagementAlgal ToxinsWater QualityUrban AreasEnvironment managementEcosystem managementFreshwater fishLimnologyErrorsIntroduced speciesAquatic plantsPhosphorusWater transparencyRestorationPhytoplanktonAlgal bloomsBiotic factorsNutrient loadingEnvironmental restoration


ManagementCyprinus carpioCyanophytaBritish Isles, Wales, Llandrindod WellsCommon carpEuropean carphistorical accountFreshwaterAbstract: The lake at Llandrindod Wells, Wales, UK, is a typical urban shallow lake. Created in the 19th century for amenity, it has a long history of management for various, often conflicting, purposes. After the 1950s, the once clear water became turbid with phytoplankton, and aquatic plants became very scarce. The most likely reason for this was introduction of common carp, for angling, into a fish community that contained no piscivores. Mobilization of phosphorus from the sediments by activities of the fish led to severe internal phosphorus loading, culminating ultimately in a requirement to close the lake, temporarily in summer, to water contact activities, because of a risk of toxic cyanophyte blooms. The lake-owners decided to restore the lake to greater amenity and conservation value by biomanipulation of the fish community and associated works. The restoration was successful in restoring clear water and plant communities, but because of the nature of the plants reintroduced, there were new problems of dense plant growth. Ownership of the lake then changed and, in a somewhat confused situation, the lake has been returned to a carp fishery. Documents on the history of management of the lake, and available limnological data, are reviewed in relation to a general strategy for lake restoration and general lessons are drawn for future restoration projects.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - Mar-AprTR: CS0215616M1 - JournalAuthor Address: School of Biological Sciences, Derby Building, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GS, UK, [mailto:[email protected]]

expanding complexity in the underlying science

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 475Author: Mehner, T.; Benndorf, J.; Kasprzak, P.; Koschel, R.Year: 2002Title: Biomanipulation of lake ecosystems: successful applications and expanding complexity in the underlying science


Biomanipulation is increasingly used as a lake restoration technique by

Journal: Freshwater BiologyVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2453-2465Date: DecAlternate Journal: Freshw. Biol.Accession Number: ISI:000179382700017Keywords: heterogeneity; lakes; maintenance; management; niche shifts; nutrientsfood-web manipulation; fish predation; submerged macrophytes;perturbation experiments; trophic interactions; relative importance;planktivorous fish; midsummer decline; rutilus-rutilus; juvenile fishAbstract: 1. To illustrate advances made in biomanipulation research during the last decade, seven main topics that emerged after the first biomanipulation conference in 1989 are discussed in relation to the papers included in this special issue and the general literature. 2. The substantially higher success rates of biomanipulations in shallow as opposed to stratified lakes can be attributed to several positive feedback mechanisms relating mainly to the recovery of submerged macrophytes. 3. The role of both nutrient loading and in-lake concentrations in predicting the success of biomanipulations is emphasised and supported by empirically defined threshold values. Nutrient recycling by aquatic organisms (such as fish) can contribute to the bottom-up effects on lake food webs, although the degree can vary greatly among lakes. 4. Ontogenetic niche shifts and size-structured interactions particularly of fish populations add to the complexity of lake food webs and make scientifically sound predictions of biomanipulation success more difficult than was previously envisaged. 5. Consideration of appropriate temporal and spatial scales in biomanipulation research is crucial to understanding food web effects induced by changes in fish communities. This topic needs to be further developed. 6. An appropriate balance between piscivorous, planktivorous and benthivorous fishes is required for long-lasting success of biomanipulations. Recommended proportions and absolute densities of piscivorous fish are currently based on data from only a few biomanipulation experiments and need to be corroborated by additional and quantitative assessments of energy flow through lake food webs. 7. Biomanipulation effects in stratified lakes can be sustained in the long term only by continued interventions. Alternate stable states of food web composition probably exist only in shallow lakes, but even here repeated interventions may be needed as long as nutrient inputs remain high. 8. Biomanipulation is increasingly used as a lake restoration technique by


HANSSON LA, 1998, ECOSYSTEMS, V1, P558

considering the needs of all lake users (sustainability approach). The combination of water quality management and fisheries management for piscivores with positive effects for both appears to be particularly promising. 9. Biomanipulation research has contributed substantially to progress in understanding complex lake food webs, which should in turn promote a higher success rate of future whole-lake biomanipulations.Notes: Cited Reference Count: 93Cited References: ATTAYDE JL, 2001, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V46, P1001 BARKO JW, 1981, AQUAT BOT, V10, P339 BARTHELMES D, 1988, LIMNOLOGICA, V19, P51 BEECK P, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2359 BENNDORF J, 1987, SCHWEIZ Z HYDROL, V49, P237 BENNDORF J, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V200, P187 BENNDORF J, 1999, SACHSISCHES LANDESAM BENNDORF J, 2001, FRESHWATER BIOL, V46, P199 BENNDORF J, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2282 BRABRAND A, 1990, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V47, P364 BRABRAND A, 1993, OECOLOGIA, V95, P38 BREUKELAAR AW, 1994, FRESHWATER BIOL, V32, P113 BRONMARK CR, 1995, ECOL FRESHW FISH, V4, P85 CARNEY HJ, 1990, VERH INT VEREIN LIMN, V24, P487 CARPENTER SR, 1985, BIOSCIENCE, V35, P634 CARPENTER SR, 1992, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V37, P208 CARPENTER SR, 1996, ECOLOGY, V77, P677 CARPENTER SR, 2001, ECOL MONOGR, V71, P163 DAWIDOWICZ P, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2401 DECLERCK S, 2000, PROC INT ASSOC THE 1, V27, P541 DORNER H, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V408, P39 DRENNER RW, 1999, ARCH HYDROBIOL, V146, P129 ELSER JJ, 1991, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V36, P64 GEORGE DG, 2000, FRESHWATER BIOL, V43, P557 GLIWICZ ZM, 2001, ARCH HYDROBIOL, V150, P357 GLIWICZ ZM, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2296 GRIMM MP, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V200, P557 GULATI RD, 1990, BIOMANIPULATION TOOL HAIRSTON NG, 1960, AM NAT, V94, P421 HAMBRIGHT KD, 1994, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V39, P897 HANSSON LA, 1998, ECOSYSTEMS, V1, P558


SCHAEL DM, 1991, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V48, P1919

HOLKER F, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2345 HORPPILA J, 1998, RESTOR ECOL, V6, P20 HULSMANN S, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V408, P57 HULSMANN S, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2313 JACOBSEN L, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2370 JEPPESEN E, 1991, MEM IST ITAL IDROBIO, V48, P127 JEPPESEN E, 1997, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V342, P151 KASPRZAK P, 1993, MEM I ITAL IDROBIOL, V52, P151 KITCHELL JF, 1992, FOOD WEB MANAGEMENT, P553 KOSCHEL RH, 1997, PROC INT ASSOC THE 2, V26, P343 LAMMENS EHRR, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V200, P619 LAMMENS EHRR, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V396, P191 LAMMENS EHRR, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2435 LATHROP RC, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2410 LUECKE C, 1990, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V35, P1718 MASON DM, 1996, ENVIRON BIOL FISH, V45, P283 MCQUEEN DJ, 1986, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V43, P1571 MCQUEEN DJ, 1998, LAKES RESERVOIRS RES, V3, P83 MEHNER T, 1996, PUBL ESPEC I ESP OCE, V21, P243 MEHNER T, 1998, J PLANKTON RES, V20, P1797 MEHNER T, 2000, FRESHWATER BIOL, V45, P253 MEHNER T, 2001, INT REV HYDROBIOL, V86, P253 MEIJER ML, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V408, P13 MOSS B, 1996, GUIDE RESTORATION NU, P179 PERROW MR, 1997, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V342, P355 PERROW MR, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V408, P85 PERSSON L, 1988, COMPLEX INTERACTIONS, P45 PERSSON L, 1992, AM NAT, V140, P59 PERSSON L, 1993, OIKOS, V66, P193 PERSSON L, 1994, REHABILITATION FRESH, P421 PERSSON L, 1995, ECOLOGY, V76, P70 PERSSON L, 2000, ECOLOGY, V81, P1058 POST DM, 1997, ARCH HYDROBIOL SPEC, V49, P1 RADKE RJ, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2337 RAMCHARAN CW, 1995, ARCH HYDROBIOL, V133, P389 ROMARE P, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V404, P89 ROMARE P, 1999, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V44, P1655 SARNELLE O, 1992, ECOLOGY, V73, P551 SCHAEL DM, 1991, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V48, P1919


SCHEFFER M, 1998, ECOLOGY SHALLOW LAKE SCHINDLER DE, 1993, T AM FISH SOC, V122, P756 SCHRIVER P, 1995, FRESHWATER BIOL, V33, P255 SHAPIRO J, 1975, WATER QUALITY MANAGE, P85 SKOV C, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2388 SONDERGAARD M, 2001, SCI WORLD, V1, P427 STANSFIELD JH, 1997, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V342, P229 STARLING F, 1998, INT REV HYDROBIOL, V83, P499 STARLING F, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2443 SVENSSON JM, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V404, P99 TARVAINEN M, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2325 TATRAI I, 1986, FRESHWATER BIOL, V16, P417 VANDEBUND WJ, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2380 VANDONK E, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V200, P275 VANDONK E, 1993, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V251, P19 WERNER EE, 1984, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V15, P393 WERNER EE, 1992, AM NAT S, V140, P5 WINFIELD IJ, 1986, J FISH BIOL, V29, P37 WISSEL B, 2000, ARCH HYDROBIOL, V149, P177 WRIGHT D, 1990, FRESHWATER BIOL, V24, P43 WYSUJACK K, 2001, LIMNOLOGICA, V31, P45 WYSUJACK K, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2425 YODZIS P, 1988, ECOLOGY, V69, P508EnglishArticleFRESHWATER BIOLURL: <Go to ISI>://000179382700017Author Address: Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Dept Biol & Ecol Fishes, D-12561 Berlin, Germany. Dresden Univ Technol, Inst Hydrobiol, D-8027 Dresden, Germany.Mehner, T, Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Dept Biol & Ecol Fishes, POB 850, D-12561 Berlin, Germany.

Year: 2002

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 610Author: Lathrop, R. C.; Johnson, B. M.; Johnson, T. B.; Vogelsang, M. T.; Carpenter, S. R.; Hrabik, T. R.; Kitchell, J. F.; Magnuson, J. J.; Rudstam, L. G.; Stewart, R. S.Year: 2002


project has been a success given that high densities of the large-bodied D.

Title: Stocking piscivores to improve fishing and water clarity: a synthesis of the Lake Mendota biomanipulation projectJournal: Freshwater BiolVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2410-2424Date: December 01, 2002Alternate Journal: Freshwater BiolAbstract: SUMMARYY 1. A total of 2.7 x 106 walleye fingerlings and 1.7 x 105 northern pike fingerlings were stocked during 1987-99 in eutrophic Lake Mendota. The objectives of the biomanipulation were to improve sport fishing and to increase piscivory to levels that would reduce planktivore biomass, increase Daphnia grazing and ultimately reduce algal densities in the lake. The combined biomass of the two piscivore species in the lake increased rapidly from < 1 kg ha-1 and stabilised at 4-6 kg ha-1 throughout the evaluation period. 2. Restrictive harvest regulations (i.e. increase in minimum size limit and reduction in bag limit) were implemented in 1988 to protect the stocked piscivores. Further restrictions were added in 1991 and 1996 for walleye and northern pike, respectively. These restrictions were essential because fishing pressure on both species (especially walleye) increased dramatically during biomanipulation. 3. Commencing in 1987 with a massive natural die-off of cisco and declining yellow perch populations, total planktivore biomass dropped from about 300-600 kg ha-1 prior to the die-off and the fish stocking, to about 20-40 kg ha-1 in subsequent years. These low planktivore biomasses lasted until a resurgence in the perch population in 1999. 4. During the period prior to biomanipulation when cisco were very abundant, the dominant Daphnia species was the smaller-bodied D. galeata mendotae, which usually reached a biomass maximum in June and then crashed shortly thereafter. Beginning in 1988, the larger-bodied D. pulicaria dominated, with relatively high biomasses occurring earlier in the spring and lasting well past mid-summer of many years. 5. In many years dominated by D. pulicaria, Secchi disc readings were greater during the spring and summer months when compared with years dominated by D. galeata mendotae. During the biomanipulation evaluation period, phosphorus (P) levels also changed dramatically thus complicating our analysis. Earlier research on Lake Mendota had shown that Daphnia grazing increased summer Secchi disc readings, but P concentrations linked to agricultural and urban runoff and to climate-controlled internal mixing processes were also important factors affecting summer readings. 6. The Lake Mendota biomanipulation project has been a success given that high densities of the large-bodied D.


pulicaria have continued to dominate for over a decade, and the diversity of fishing opportunities have improved for walleye, northern pike and, more recently, yellow perch. 7. Massive stocking coupled with very restrictive fishing regulations produced moderate increases in piscivore densities. Larger increases could be realised by more drastic restrictions on sport fishing, but these regulations would be very controversial to anglers. 8. If the lake's food web remains in a favourable biomanipulation state (i.e. high herbivory), further improvements in water clarity are possible with future reductions in P loadings from a recently initiated non-point pollution abatement programme in the lake's drainage basin.URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.01011.x/abs

written in English.

Reference Type: BookRecord Number: 489Author: Kasprzak, P.; Benndorf, J.; Mehner, T.; Koschle, R.; EditorsYear: 2002Title: Biomanipulation of Lake Ecosystems - Research Progress, Water Quality and Fisheries Management. [In: Freshwater Biol., 2002; 47(12)]Number of Pages: 196 ppAccession Number: AN 2003:9858Keywords: Water pollution (control, lake; research progress, water quality and fishery management in relation to biomanipulation of lake ecosystems); Ecosystem; Water pollution (lake; research progress, water quality and fishery management in relation to biomanipulation of lake ecosystems); Lake waters (remediation of; research progress, water quality and fishery management in relation to biomanipulation of lake ecosystems); Lake waters; Lakes (research progress, water quality and fishery management in relation to biomanipulation of lake ecosystems)book lake ecosystem biomanipulation research water quality fishery managementNotes: CAN 138:19274661-2WaterUK.Bookwritten in English.


BEECK P, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2359

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 474Author: Kasprzak, P.; Benndorf, J.; Mehner, T.; Koschel, R.Year: 2002Title: Biomanipulation of lake ecosystems: an introductionJournal: Freshwater BiologyVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2277-2281Date: DecAlternate Journal: Freshw. Biol.Accession Number: ISI:000179382700001Keywords: biomanipulation; case studies; fisheries management; mechanisms; waterqualityAbstract: 1. This paper is an introduction to a special issue of Freshwater Biology containing selected papers from an international symposium on Food Web Effects of Fish in Lake Ecosystems: Research Progress, Water Quality and Fisheries Management held from 31 May to 3 June 2000 in Rheinsberg, Germany. The primary goal of the workshop was to enlarge the current view of fish-induced effects on lake ecosystems. An additional goal was to promote biomanipulation as a multiple-use tool for managing freshwater ecosystems. 2. The three main topics addressed at the workshop were: (i) mechanisms involved in biomanipulation, (ii) whole-lake case studies and (iii) management aspects in water quality and fisheries. 3. Mortality of Daphnia, nutrient recycling, habitat selection and fish predation are reported as important mechanisms governing food-web effects as a result of biomanipulation. 4. Whole-lake case studies indicate that repeated fish removal can help improve water quality of shallow lakes, but successful biomanipulation of deep, thermally stratifying lakes remains difficult. 5. In many cases, biomanipulation of lakes has proved to provide benefits in addition to improving water quality. As all lake users are potentially affected when biomanipulation is used as a lake management tool, their concerns need to be clearly recognised if biomanipulation is to be successful in practice.Notes: Cited Reference Count: 27Cited References: BEECK P, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2359


BENNDORF J, 1995, INT REV GES HYDROBIO, V80, P519 BENNDORF J, 2000, LIMNOLOGICA, V30, P235 BENNDORF J, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2282 CARPENTER SR, 1985, BIOSCIENCE, V35, P634 DAWIDOWICZ P, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2401 DRENNER RW, 1999, ARCH HYDROBIOL, V146, P129 GLIWICZ ZM, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2296 GULATI RD, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V200 HANSSON LA, 1998, ECOSYSTEMS, V1, P558 HOLKER F, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2345 HRBACEK J, 1961, VERHANDLUNGEN INT VE, V14, P192 HULSMANN S, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2313 JACOBSEN L, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2370 LAMMENS EHRR, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2435 LATHROP RC, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2410 MCQUEEN DJ, 1986, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V43, P1571 MCQUEEN DJ, 1998, LAKES RESERVOIRS RES, V3, P83 MEHNER T, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2453 OSKAM G, 1978, VERH INT VEREIN THEO, V20, P1612 RADKE RJ, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2337 SHAPIRO J, 1975, WATER QUALITY MANAGE, P85 SKOV C, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2388 STARLING F, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2443 TARVAINEN M, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2325 VANDEBUND WJ, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2380 WYSUJACK K, 2002, FRESHWATER BIOL, V47, P2425EnglishEditorial MaterialFRESHWATER BIOLURL: <Go to ISI>://000179382700001Author Address: Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Dept Limnol Stratified Lakes, D-16775 Neuglobsow, Germany. Dresden Univ Technol, Inst Hydrobiol, Dresden, Germany. Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Dept Biol & Ecol Fish, Berlin, Germany.Kasprzak, P, Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Dept Limnol Stratified Lakes, Alte Fischerhutte 2, D-16775 Neuglobsow, Germany.

Record Number: 550Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 550


Author: Kalchev, R. K.; Pehllvanov, L. Z.; Beshkova, M. B.Year: 2002Title: Trophic relations in two lakes from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast and possibilities for their restorationJournal: Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution ResearchVolume: 46Issue: 8Pages: 1-8Accession Number: 2002660936Keywords: Animals; Bulgaria; *Conservation of Natural Resources; Environmental Monitoring; *Eutrophication; *Food Chain; Phosphorus: AN, analysis; *Phytoplankton; Water Movements; Water Pollution: PC, prevention & control; *ZooplanktonAbstract: Based on quantitative data on nutrients, light penetration, phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos obtained in the period 1992-1994 the relations between trophic levels were studied by means of statistical analysis. The two lakes are distinguished by relatively high transfer efficiency between phytoplankton and zooplankton, which depends on the size distribution among zooplankton and percentage of blue-green algae. The bottom up influence seems to prevail over the top-down influence, water surface area and phosphorus load are large, and mean depth is more than 1 m. All this let us conclude that biomanipulation measures alone are not sufficient for a substantial lake restoration. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Zoology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia0273-1223England: United KingdomJournal; Article; (JOURNAL ARTICLE)English7723-14-0 (Phosphorus)

Title: Activity and food choice of piscivorous perch (Perca fluviatilis) in

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 606Author: Jacobsen, Lene; Berg, Soren; Broberg, Mads; Jepsen, Niels; Skov, ChristianYear: 2002Title: Activity and food choice of piscivorous perch (Perca fluviatilis) in


a eutrophic shallow lake: a radio-telemetry studyJournal: Freshwater BiolVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2370-2379Date: December 01, 2002Alternate Journal: Freshwater BiolAbstract: SUMMARY 1. Radio transmitters were implanted in large perch (27-37 cm) in a shallow lake in Denmark. Between 6 and 13 perch were tracked every 3 h for 24-h periods twice (summer) or once a month (winter) from August 1997 to July 1998. Activity levels were recorded as minimum distance moved per hour. 2. No significant differences in activity levels of individual fish were observed. 3. Highest activities were observed at daytime with peaks at dawn and dusk or midday. This diel pattern was most pronounced from October to April, whereas diel variations were less in the summer months, with no peaks occurring in midsummer. The general lack of activity at night supports the idea that perch is a visually oriented forager. 4. There was no significant relationship between daytime activity during the year and temperature or day length, but nighttime activity was correlated with temperature. In contrast with previous findings, activity levels varied little seasonally, except for high activity levels that occurred concomitantly with high temperatures in August. Instead, we found a significant relationship between the total distances moved per day and temperature, indicating that perch moved at the same average speed in the wintertime, but did so for shorter periods than in summer because of shorter day lengths. 5. Diet of the tagged perch shifted from fish dominance between August and January to invertebrates from February to June. There was no correlation between the diet shift and activity levels, indicating that feeding on invertebrate requires similar activity levels as predation on fish. 6. The results of this telemetry study throughout a year suggest that perch are more active during the winter than previously inferred from gill-net catches. This observation underscores the importance of perch as a predator of 0+ planktivorous fish in lakes and has potential implications for pelagic food web structure and lake management by biomanipulation.URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.01005.x/abs



Author: Holker, Franz; Haertel, Susanne S.; Steiner, Silke; Mehner, ThomasYear: 2002Title: Effects of piscivore-mediated habitat use on growth, diet and zooplankton consumption of roach: an individual-based modelling approachJournal: Freshwater BiolVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2345-2358Date: December 01, 2002Alternate Journal: Freshwater BiolAbstract: SUMMARY 1. We used an individual based modelling approach for roach to (i) simulate observed diel habitat shifts between the pelagic and littoral zone of a mesotrophic lake; (ii) analyse the relevance of these habitat shifts for the diet, activity costs and growth of roach; and (iii) quantify the effects of a hypothetical piscivore-mediated (presence of pikeperch) confinement of roach to the littoral zone on roach diet, activity costs and growth. 2. The model suggests that in the presence of pikeperch, roach shifts from zooplankton as the primary diet to increased consumption of less nutritious food items such as macrophytes, filamentous algae and detritus. 3. The growth of roach between May and October was predicted to be significantly higher in the absence of pikeperch, although the net activity costs were about 60% higher compared with the scenario where pikeperch were present. 4. These modelling results provide quantitative information for interpreting diel horizontal migrations of roach as a result from a trade-off between food availability and predation risk in different habitats of a lake. 5. Altering the habitat selection mode of planktivorous roach by piscivore stocking has the potential to reduce zooplankton consumption by fish substantially, and could therefore be used as a biomanipulation technique complementing the reduction of zooplanktivorous fish.URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.01002.x/abs

state-of-the-art review

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 625Author: Gulati, R. D.; van Donk, E.Year: 2002Title: Lakes in the Netherlands, their origin, eutrophication and restoration: state-of-the-art review


Chara

Journal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 478Issue: 1Pages: 73-106Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 10Keywords: NetherlandsLake RestorationWater QualityEutrophicationEcosystemsCase StudiesPerformance EvaluationReviewsWater Pollution ControlBiocontrolHydrological RegimeLakesWater quality controlHydrologyEcosystem managementPollution controlAquatic plantsPlant populationsFreshwater fishPhytoplanktonRestorationWater levelsBiotic factorsEnvironment managementNature conservationWater transparencyWater quality (Natural waters)EcologyCase studyBiological controlEnvironmental restorationEsox luciusChara


1reen algae, which have relatively lower C:P ratios. This is possibly an

Abramis bramaBreamNorthern pikeFreshwaterAbstract: This article starts with a brief description of the origin and eutrophication of shallow Dutch lakes, followed by a review of the various lake restoration techniques in use and the results obtained. Most freshwater lakes in the Netherlands are very shallow (<2 m), and owe their origins to large-scale dredging and removal of peat during the early 17th century. The lakes are important to the hydrology, water balance and agriculture in the surrounding polder country. The external input to the lakes of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) and of polluted waters from the rivers and canals have been the major cause of eutrophication, which began during the 1950s. In addition, more recently climate changes, habitat fragmentation and biotic exploitation of many of these waters have probably led to loss of resilience and thus to accelerated eutrophication. Lake eutrophication is manifested essentially in the poor under-water light climate with high turbidity (Secchi-disc, 20-40 cm) caused usually by cyanobacterial blooms (e.g. Oscillatoria sp.), and loss of littoral vegetation. Lake recovery is also invariably afflicted by in-lake nutrient sources. These include P loading from the P-rich sediments, mineralization in the water and release by the foraging and metabolic activities of the abundant benthivorous and planktivorous fish, mainly bream ( Abramis brama). A variety of restoration techniques have been employed in the Dutch lakes: hydrological management, reduction of P in the external loads, in-lake reduction or immobilisation of P, and complementary ecological management. This last involves biomanipulation, or the top-down control of the food web. Hydrological management has resulted in an improvement in the lake water quality only in a few cases. The failure of lake restoration measures (e.g. in the Loosdrecht lakes, described as a case study) has led water managers to use biomanipulation in other lakes under restoration. Lake biomanipulation principally involves reducing the existing planktivore population, bream in most cases, and introducing piscivores such as northern pike (Esox lucius). Lake Zwemlust is discussed as a case study, with brief mention of some other small lakes which have been biomanipulated. The restoration studies reveal that decrease of P to low levels is no guarantee that cyanobacterial populations will also follow suit. This is because cyanobacteria can withstand great variation in their P content and thus in their C:P ratios. Thus, for a unit weight of P, the Cyanobacteria can yield relatively more biomass and cause greater turbidity than, for example, 1reen algae, which have relatively lower C:P ratios. This is possibly an


explanation for the success of these filamentous Cyanobacteria in many Dutch lakes, and the failure of restoration endeavours. In general, the achievements of restoration work in the Dutch lakes, especially those using biomanipulation measures, are questionable: there are probably more examples of failures than of successes. The failures are generally linked not only to insufficient or no decrease at all in the autochthonous or in-lake nutrient loadings, but also to rapid increase of the planktivorous fish in the years following their reduction. A 75% reduction in the existing planktivore population has often been used as an arbitrary yardstick for effective reduction, but may not be sufficient. However, fish stock reductions to <50 kg FW ha super(-1) and maintenance at that level might have a greater chance of success, though maintaining the existing fish population at preconceived levels is difficult since for reasons not yet fully understood, piscivores, pike in particular, fail to develop sizeable populations. Studies so far have helped us recognise that for sustainability of the positive effects on water quality, `natural development' should be central to future lake restoration programmes.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - JunTR: CS0321518M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Centre for Limnology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Rijksstraatweg 6, 3631 AC Nieuwersluis, The Netherlands, [mailto:[email protected]]

Algae

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 626Author: Degans, H.; De Meester, L.Year: 2002Title: Top-down control of natural phyto- and bacterioplankton prey communities by Daphnia magna and by the natural zooplankton community of the hypertrophic Lake BlankaartJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 479Issue: 1Pages: 39-49Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 9Keywords: BiomassAlgae


more effective top-down control of the algal biomass.

LakesBacterioplanktonZooplanktonPhytoplanktonGrazingCommunity structureEcosystemshypertrophic environmentsEutrophic lakesNannoplanktonPredator prey interactionsPopulation controlTrophic relationshipsDaphnia magnaCyanophytaBacteriaBelgium, Blankaart L.BelgiumFreshwaterAbstract: Biomanipulation, through the reduction of fish abundance resulting in an increase of large filter feeders and a stronger top-down control on algae, is commonly used as a lake restoration tool in eutrophic lakes. However, cyanobacteria, often found in eutrophic ponds, can influence the grazing capacity of filter feeding zooplankton. We performed grazing experiments in hypertrophic Lake Blankaart during two consecutive summers (1998, with and 1999, without cyanobacteria) to elucidate the influence of cyanobacteria on the grazing pressure of zooplankton communities. We compared the grazing pressure of the natural macrozooplankton community (mainly small to medium-sized cladocerans and copepods) with that of large Daphnia magna on the natural bacterioplankton and phytoplankton prey communities. Our results showed that in the absence of cyanobacteria, Daphnia magna grazing pressure on bacteria was higher compared to the grazing pressure of the natural zooplankton community. However, Daphnia grazing rates on phytoplankton were not significantly different compared to the grazing rates of the natural zooplankton community. When cyanobacteria were abundant, grazing pressure of Daphnia magna seemed to be inhibited, and the grazing pressure on bacteria and phytoplankton was similar to that of the natural macrozooplankton community. Our results suggest that biomanipulation may not always result in a more effective top-down control of the algal biomass.


Notes: TY - JOURY2 - JulTR: CS0306412M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Catholic University of Leuven, Ch. De Beriotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium, [mailto:[email protected]]

recorded in the 20 years preceding the biomanipulation. In general, the lake's

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 609Author: Dawidowicz, Piotr; Prejs, Andrzej; Engelmayer, Andrzej; Martyniak, Andrzej; Kozlowski, Jacek; Kufel, Lech; Paradowska, MalgorzataYear: 2002Title: Hypolimnetic anoxia hampers top-down food-web manipulation in a eutrophic lakeJournal: Freshwater BiolVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2401-2409Date: December 01, 2002Alternate Journal: Freshwater BiolAbstract: SUMMARY 1. A biomanipulation experiment was carried out in a small (10 ha), but relatively deep (17 m) and highly eutrophic lake in northern Poland. The lake had been stocked in 1996, 1997 and 1998 with a variety of piscivorous fish (pike, catfish, trout and pikeperch), in order to reduce numbers of cyprinid planktivores. 2. Piscivore stocking was associated with a threefold decrease in the offshore fish density (night echosounding). Despite this reduction, the large planktonic cladoceran, Daphnia hyalina, remained scarce, whereas the density of small-sized zooplankton increased greatly. 3. The lack of demographic response in D. hyalina was probably due to the anoxia in the hypolimnetic refuge of this vertically migrating species. The anoxic hypolimnion, below 3-4 m depth, was inhabited day and night by numerous Chaoborus flavicans larvae. 4. Changes in zooplankton were associated with shifts in the taxonomic composition (from single-cell green algae to filamentous cyanobacteria), size structure (from nano- to net phytoplankton) and seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton, but not in the average biomass of planktonic algae. A clear-water phase, which was absent in the prestocking years, developed in spring, with Secchi depth reaching 2.5 m, a value which had never been recorded in the 20 years preceding the biomanipulation. In general, the lake's


status was switched from hypertrophic to eutrophic. 5. Deteriorating food conditions, resulting from qualitative changes in the phytoplankton community, combined with predation pressure by the remaining fish and Chaoborus larvae were associated with the ultimate elimination of D. hyalina from the lake.URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.01007.x/abs

Pumping

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 627Author: Coveney, M. F.; Stites, D. L.; Lowe, E. F.; Battoe, L. E.; Conrow, R.Year: 2002Title: Nutrient removal from eutrophic lake water by wetland filtrationJournal: Ecological EngineeringVolume: 19Issue: 2Pages: 141-159Alternate Journal: Ecol.Eng.Label: 8Keywords: LakesEutrophic environmentsNutrient concentrationsEnvironmental restorationWater quality controlPhosphorus removalEutrophicationFiltrationWetlandsUSA, Florida, Apopka L.NutrientsWater Pollution TreatmentNonpoint Pollution SourcesPhosphorusNutrients (mineral)Eutrophic lakesPollution controlRestorationWater transparencyPumping


drainage ditches; and low inflows under drought conditions. After 6 months SRP

Aquatic plantsSuspended particulate matterUSA, FloridaFreshwaterAbstract: Lake Apopka is a large (125 km super(2)), shallow (mean depth 1.6 m) lake in Florida, USA. The lake was made hypereutrophic by phosphorus loading from floodplain farms and has high levels of nutrients, phytoplankton (Chl a 80 mu g l super(-1)), and suspended matter. The restoration plan developed by the St. Johns River Water Management District encompasses the biomanipulation concept in which the critical step for large shallow lakes is increasing the transparency of the water to allow the re-establishment of submerged macrophytes. Restoration includes operation of a treatment wetland, reduction in external P loading, harvest of fish, fluctuation of lake levels, and littoral planting. The District constructed a 2-km super(2) pilot-scale treatment wetland to test nutrient-removal and hydraulic performance. Lake water was recirculated for 29 months, and the removal of suspended solids and particle-bound nutrients was assessed. Hydraulic loading rate varied from 6.5 to 65 m year super(-1) with a mean hydraulic residence time of about 7 days. The inflow contained 40-180 mg l super(-1) TSS, 80-380 mu g l super(-1) TP (mostly particulate organic), and 3-9 mg l super(-1) TN (mostly dissolved and particulate organic). Overall, particulate matter was removed (> 90%) by the wetland, and soluble organic compounds were unaffected. Soluble inorganic compounds such as nitrate, ammonia, and soluble reactive phosphate (SRP) were low in the lake water but increased during passage through the wetland. Particulate matter at the outlet was enriched in both N (2-fold) and P (5-fold) compared to particles in the inflow. Mass removal efficiencies were 89-99 (TSS), 30-67 (TP), and 30-52% (TN), but efficiency fell when hydraulic short-circuiting occurred. First-order removal coefficients were 107 (TSS), 63 m year super(-1) (TP) and 98 m year super(-1) (particulate N). Areal particulate removal rates were 5.4 g dry matter m super(-2) day super(-1), 0.18 g PON m super(-2) day super(-1), and 0.006 g POP m super(-2) day super(-1). The ratio of N:P removal was 28:1. Total sedimentation rate was 0.4 mm day super(-1) of very light matter (4.4 g dw l super(-1)). About 40% of the dry matter and nitrogen removed and about 80% of the phosphorus was found in the new sediments. Relative to the inflow of lake water, evapotranspiration (4.3%), seepage (2.6%), and rainfall (2.8%) were low. Major problems were initial leaching of SRP, but not ammonia, from native organic soils and vegetation when this former farmland was flooded; hydraulic short-circuiting via former drainage ditches; and low inflows under drought conditions. After 6 months SRP


release declined, and initial SRP leaching could be prevented with soil treatment. Hydraulic short-circuiting occurred only after modifications were made. Low gravity flows were augmented with pumped inflows. With these improvements P-removal should increase from the measured 0.48 to at least 3 g P m super(-2) year super(-1). Based on the pilot project results, the first phase of an improved 14-km super(2) wetland filter has been constructed. This project should accelerate improvements in the water quality of Lake Apopka and, ultimately, create a new, large wildlife-rich marsh.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - AugTR: CS0403963M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Water Resources, St. Johns River Water Management District, P.O. Box 1429, 4049 Reid Street, Palatka, FL 32178-1429, USA, [mailto:[email protected]]

preventing the development of slow-growing inedible phytoplankton (i), shallow

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 599Author: Benndorf, JUrgen; Boing, Wiebke; Koop, Jochen; Neubauer, IvonneYear: 2002Title: Top-down control of phytoplankton: the role of time scale, lake depth and trophic stateJournal: Freshwater BiolVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2282-2295Date: December 01, 2002Alternate Journal: Freshwater BiolAbstract: SUMMARY 1. One of the most controversial issues in biomanipulation research relates to the conditions required for top-down control to cascade down from piscivorous fish to phytoplankton. Numerous experiments have demonstrated that Phytoplankton biomass Top-Down Control (PTDC) occurs under the following conditions: (i) in short-term experiments, (ii) shallow lakes with macrophytes, and (iii) deep lakes of slightly eutrophic or mesotrophic state. Other experiments indicate that PTDC is unlikely in (iv) eutrophic or hypertrophic deep lakes unless severe light limitation occurs, and (v) all lakes characterised by extreme nutrient limitation (oligo to ultraoligotrophic lakes). 2. Key factors responsible for PTDC under conditions (i) to (iii) are time scales preventing the development of slow-growing inedible phytoplankton (i), shallow


depth allowing macrophytes to become dominant primary producers (ii), and biomanipulation-induced reduction of phosphorus (P) availability for phytoplankton (iii). 3. Under conditions (iv) and (v), biomanipulation-induced reduction of P-availability might also occur but is insufficient to alter the epilimnetic P-content enough to initiate effective bottom-up control (P-limitation) of phytoplankton. In these cases, P-loading is much too high (iv) or P-content in the lake much too low (v) to initiate or enhance P-limitation of phytoplankton by a biomanipulation-induced reduction of P-availability. However, PTDC may exceptionally result under condition (iv) if high mixing depth and/or light attenuation cause severe light limitation of phytoplankton. 4. Recognition of the five different conditions reconciles previous seemingly contradictory results from biomanipulation experiments and provides a sound basis for successful application of biomanipulation as a tool for water management.URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00989.x/abs

revealed that 0+ perch >=28 mm fed on 0+ bream. 3. The initially unimodal

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 605Author: Beeck, Peter; Tauber, Sandra; Kiel, Stephanie; Borcherding, JostYear: 2002Title: 0+ perch predation on 0+ bream: a case study in a eutrophic gravel pit lakeJournal: Freshwater BiolVolume: 47Issue: 12Pages: 2359-2369Date: December 01, 2002Alternate Journal: Freshwater BiolAbstract: SUMMARY 1. We studied the population dynamics of 0+ fish in a eutrophic gravel pit lake in which predation of 0+ Eurasian perch on other 0+ fish was suspected to influence perch growth and the structure of the fish community, with effects on the lake food web. 2. The adult fish community was dominated by piscivorous species, especially perch, and the 0+ fish community was dominated by perch and bream. Bream grew to a total length of 80 mm between May and the end of August, gradually decreased in numbers during the summer, and completely disappeared in autumn. Stomach analysis revealed that 0+ perch >=28 mm fed on 0+ bream. 3. The initially unimodal


cohort of 0+ perch gradually broadened and became bimodal by the end of July. Fish of the larger, piscivorous cohort grew faster (1.4 mm day-1) than the smaller, zooplankton-consuming fish (0.6 mm day-1). Although individuals of both cohorts later consumed zooplankton and grew at similar rates (0.5 mm day-1), only perch of the large cohort (mean TL 125 mm) were found by mid-October. Intraspecific competition for food or cannibalism of older perch may have contributed to the disappearance of the smaller perch. 4. Early piscivory of the fast-growing 0+ perch apparently resulted in the disappearance of 0+ bream by the end of the growing season and precocious maturation of male perch. In contrast to findings in other studies, these large 0+ perch thus avoided the juvenile bottleneck by switching to piscivory early during their ontogenetic development. 5. The observations of this study suggest that early piscivory of 0+ perch can have a long-lasting impact on fish communities in eutrophic lakes, particularly if prey fish are abundant and the structural complexity of the lake is low. Furthermore, early piscivory of 0+ perch may help prevent the expected increase in 0+ cyprinids following reduction of adult cyprinids, which is considered important to ensure the long-term success of biomanipulation experiments.URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.01004.x/abs

River (P.R. China) that has experienced dramatic changes in the past five

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 549Author: Xie, P.; Liu, J.Year: 2001Title: Practical success of biomanipulation using filter-feeding Fish to control cyanobacteria blooms: a synthesis of decades of research and application in a subtropical hypereutrophic lakeJournal: TheScientificWorldJournal [electronic resource]Volume: 1Pages: 337-56Date: Aug 8Accession Number: 2003279000Keywords: Animals; *Carps: AH, anatomy & histology; *Cyanobacteria: GD, growth & development; *Feeding Behavior; Fresh Water: MI, microbiology; Population Density; *ResearchAbstract: Lake Donghu is a 32-km2 shallow, subtropical lake near the Yangtze River (P.R. China) that has experienced dramatic changes in the past five


decades. These changes include: (1) a trophic state change from mesotrophy to hypertrophy; (2) dense blooms of cyanobacteria during every summer from the 1970s to 1984; (3) a cessation of blooms starting in 1985, with no recurrence; and (4) an increase, coincident with bloom declines, in the production of silver and bighead carp (filter-feeders) by more than tenfold. There are several possible explanations for the disappearance of blooms, including changes in nutrient concentrations, increased zooplankton grazing, and increased grazing on algae by fish. The long-term data suggest that changes in nutrients or in zooplankton were not important, but that the remarkably increased fish densities might have played the key role. To test this hypothesis, in situ enclosure experiments were conducted in three years. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) an increased stocking of the lake with carp played a decisive role in the elimination of cyanobacteria blooms; (2) both silver and bighead carp can eliminate cyanobacteria blooms directly by grazing; (3) zooplankton cannot suppress the blooms; and (4) the lake still is vulnerable to the outbreak of blooms, should fish grazing decline. The critical biomass of carp is approximately 50 g m3. The results suggest the applicability of a new food-web manipulation (increased stocking with filter-feeding fish) for controlling cyanobacteria blooms in hypereutrophic lakes. The approach differs from traditional biomanipulation in Europe and North America, where piscivores are added to control planktivores, and this in turn increases zooplankton and decreases algae. The new biomanipulation method is being used or being tested to counteract cyanobacteria blooms in many Chinese lakes such as Lake Dianchi in Yunnan Province, Lake Chaohu in Anhui Province, and Lake Taihu in Jiangsu Province. The method has great potential as an important component of an integrated approach to counteract cyanobacteria blooms, especially in lakes where nutrient inputs cannot be reduced sufficiently, and where zooplankton cannot effectively control phytoplankton production. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, The State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China.1537-744XUnited StatesJournal; Article; (JOURNAL ARTICLE); General Review; (REVIEW); (REVIEW, TUTORIAL)EnglishAuthor Address: [email protected]


disappearance of E. canadensis. Secchi depth increased after biomanipulation

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 629Author: Strand, J. A.; Weisner, S. E.Year: 2001Title: Dynamics of submerged macrophyte populations in response to biomanipulationJournal: Freshwater BiologyVolume: 46Issue: 10Pages: 1397-1408Alternate Journal: Freshwat.Biol.Label: 15Keywords: CompetitionNutrients (mineral)PeriphytonSecchi discsAquatic plantsBiomanipulationLightSpecies diversityColonizationTurbidityElodea canadensisMyriophyllum spicatumSweden, Finjasjoen L.FreshwaterAbstract: A six-year study (1992-97) of changes in submerged vegetation after biomanipulation was carried out in the eutrophicated Lake Finjasjoen, Southern Sweden. Ten sites around the lake were revisited each year. At each site five samples of above-ground biomass were taken at 10 cm water depth intervals. An investigation of the seed bank at the ten sites, and a grazing experiment where birds and large fish were excluded was also conducted. Between 1992 and 1996, in shallow areas (water depth < 3 m), vegetation cover increased from < 3 to 75% and above-ground biomass from < 1 to 100 g DW m super(-2). Mean outer water depth increased from 0.3 to 2.5 m. Elodea canadensis and Myriophyllum spicatum accounted for > 95% of the increase in biomass and plant cover. The following year (1997), however, cover and above-ground biomass decreased, mainly attributable to the total disappearance of E. canadensis. Secchi depth increased after biomanipulation


until 1996, but decreased again in 1997. Total and mean number of submerged species increased after biomanipulation, probably as a result of the improved light climate. However, after the initial increase in species number there was a decrease during the following years, possibly attributed to competition from the rapidly expanding E. canadensis and M. spicatum. The lack of increase in species number after the disappearance of E. canadensis in 1997 implies that other factors also affected species richness. A viable seed bank was not necessary for a rapid recolonization of submerged macrophytes, nor did grazing by waterfowl or fish delay the re-colonization of submerged macrophytes. Submerged macrophytes are capable of rapid recolonization if conditions improve, even in large lakes such as Finjasjoen (11 km super(2)). Species that spread by fragments will increase rapidly and probably outcompete other species. The results indicate that after the initial Secchi depth increase, probably caused by high zooplankton densities, submerged vegetation further improved the light climate. The decrease in macrophyte biomass in 1997 may have caused the observed increase in phosphorus and chlorophyll a, and the decrease in Secchi depth. It is suggested that nutrient competition from periphyton attached to the macrophytes, may be an important factor in limiting phytoplankton production, although other factors (e.g. zooplankton grazing) are also of importance, especially as triggers for the shift to a clear-water state.Notes: TY - JOURTR: MB0101257M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Limnology, Department of Ecology, Lund University, Ecology building, Lund, Sweden, [mailto:[email protected]]

Sediments: CH, chemistry; *Phosphorus: AN, analysis; Phosphorus: CH,

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 548Author: Sondergaard, M.; Jensen, P. J.; Jeppesen, E.Year: 2001Title: Retention and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow, eutrophic lakesJournal: TheScientificWorldJournal [electronic resource]Volume: 1Pages: 427-42Date: Aug 23Accession Number: 2003279006Keywords: Ecosystem; *Eutrophication; *Fresh Water: CH, chemistry; Geologic Sediments: CH, chemistry; *Phosphorus: AN, analysis; Phosphorus: CH,


chemistry; Phytoplankton; *Water Pollutants: AN, analysis0 (Water Pollutants)Abstract: This paper gives a general overview of the nature and important mechanisms behind internal loading of phosphorus (P), which is a phenomenon appearing frequently in shallow, eutrophic lakes upon a reduction of the external loading. Lake water quality is therefore not improved as expected. In particular summer concentrations rise and P retention may be negative during most of the summer. The P release originates from a pool accumulated in the sediment when the external loading was high. In most lake sediments, P bound to redox-sensitive iron compounds or P fixed in more or less labile organic forms constitute major fractions--forms that are potentially mobile and eventually may be released to the lake water. The duration of the recovery period following P loading reduction depends on the loading history, but it may last for decades in lakes with a high sediment P accumulation. During the phase of recovery, both the duration and net P release rates from the sediment seem to decline progressively. Internal P loading is highly influenced by the biological structure as illustrated by lakes shifting from the turbid to the clearwater state as a result of, for example, biomanipulation. In these lakes P concentrations may be reduced to 50% of the pre-biomanipulation level and the period with negative retention during summer can thus be reduced considerably. The duration of internal loading can be reduced significantly by different restoration methods such as dredging to remove accumulated P or addition of iron or alum to elevate the sorption capacity of sediments. However, an important prerequisite for achieving long-term benefits to water quality is a sufficient reduction of the external P loading. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: National Environmental Research Institute, Department of Lake and Estuarine Ecology, Vejlsovej 25, P.O. Box 314, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark1537-744XUnited StatesJournal; Article; (JOURNAL ARTICLE); General Review; (REVIEW); (REVIEW, ACADEMIC)English7723-14-0 (Phosphorus)

Year: 2001

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 494Author: Sondergaard, Martin; Jensen, Jens Peder; Jeppesen, ErikYear: 2001


Department of Lake and Estuarine Ecology,National Environmental Research

Title: Retention and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow, eutrophic lakesJournal: TheScientificWorld [online computer file]Volume: 1Pages: 427-442Accession Number: AN 2001:892479Keywords: Eutrophication; Lake sediments; Lake waters (effects of iron and alum on retention and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow, eutrophic lakes); Organic compounds Role: BSU (Biological study, unclassified), GPR (Geological or astronomical process), POL (Pollutant), REM (Removal or disposal), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence), PROC (Process) (phosphorus-contg.; effects of iron and alum on retention and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow, eutrophic lakes)iron alum eutrophic lake phosphorus removalAbstract: This paper gives a general overview of the nature and important mechanisms behind internal loading of phosphorus (P), which is a phenomenon appearing frequently in shallow, eutrophic lakes upon a redn. of the external loading. Lake water quality is therefore not improved as expected. In particular summer concns. rise and P retention may be neg. during most of the summer. The P release originates from a pool accumulated in the sediment when the external loading was high. In most lake sediments, P bound to redox-sensitive iron compds. or P fixed in more or less labile org. forms constitute major fractions - forms that are potentially mobile and eventually may be released to the lake water. The duration of the recovery period following P loading redn. depends on the loading history, but it may last for decades in lakes with a high sediment P accumulation. During the phase of recovery, both the duration and net P release rates from the sediment seem to decline progressively. Internal P loading is highly influenced by the biol. structure as illustrated by lakes shifting from the turbid to the clearwater state as a result of, for example, biomanipulation. In these lakes P concns. may be reduced to 50% of the pre-biomanipulation level and the period with neg. retention during summer can thus be reduced considerably. The duration of internal loading can be reduced significantly by different restoration methods such as dredging to remove accumulated P or addn. of iron or alum to elevate the sorption capacity of sediments. However, an important prerequisite for achieving long-term benefits to water quality is a sufficient redn. of the external P loading. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 136:18887661-2WaterDepartment of Lake and Estuarine Ecology,National Environmental Research


Institute,Silkeborg,Den.Journal; Online Computer File1532-2246written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7723-14-0D (Phosphorus) Role: BSU (Biological study, unclassified), GPR (Geological or astronomical process), POL (Pollutant), REM (Removal or disposal), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence), PROC (Process) (effects of iron and alum on retention and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow, eutrophic lakes); 7439-89-6 (Iron); 10043-01-3 (Sulfuric acid, aluminum salt (3:2) Role: TEM (Technical or engineered material use), USES (Uses) (effects of iron and alum on retention and internal loading of phosphorus in shallow, eutrophic lakes)

reviewed. The most effective and viable measures to reduce radioactivity in

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 495Author: Smith, J. T.; Voitsekhovitch, O. V.; Hakanson, L.; Hilton, J.Year: 2001Title: A critical review of measures to reduce radioactive doses from drinking water and consumption of freshwater foodstuffsJournal: Journal of Environmental RadioactivityVolume: 56Issue: 1-2Pages: 11-32Accession Number: AN 2001:409278Keywords: Food contamination; Water pollution (control; measures to reduce radioactive doses from drinking water and consumption of freshwater foodstuffs); Water purification (measures to reduce radioactive doses from drinking water and consumption of freshwater foodstuffs); Water pollution (radioactive; measures to reduce radioactive doses from drinking water and consumption of freshwater foodstuffs); Radioactive pollution (water; measures to reduce radioactive doses from drinking water and consumption of freshwater foodstuffs)review drinking water radioactive pollution controlAbstract: A review, with many refs. Following a radioactive fallout event, there are a no. of possible intervention measures to reduce radioactive doses to the public via the surface water pathway. The options available to decision-makers in the event of radioactive contamination of surface waters are critically reviewed. The most effective and viable measures to reduce radioactivity in


drinking water are those which operate at the water treatment and distribution stage. Intervention measures to reduce concns. of radioactivity in rivers and reservoirs are expected to be much less viable and efficient at reducing doses via the drinking water pathway. Bans on consumption of freshwater fish can be effective, but there are few viable measures to reduce radioactivity in fish prior to the prepn. stage. Lake liming and biomanipulation were found to be ineffective for radiocaesium, although the addn. of potassium to lakewaters appears promising in some situations. Lake liming may be effective in reducing radiostrontium in fish, though this has not, to our knowledge, been tested. De-boning fish contaminated by strontium is probably the most effective food prepn. measure, but salting and freezing can also reduce radiocaesium concns. in fish. The provision of accurate information to the public is highlighted as a key element of countermeasure implementation. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 135:12667861-0WaterWinfrith Technology Centre, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology,Dorchester, Dorset,UK.Journal; General Review0265-931Xwritten in English.

Turbidity

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 630Author: Scheffer, M.Year: 2001Title: Alternative Attractors of Shallow LakesJournal: TheScientificWorld JournalPages: Vol. 1, pAlternate Journal: TheScientificWorld J.Label: 17Keywords: PondsLakesShallow WaterAquatic PlantsPhytoplanktonSuspended SedimentsTurbidity


FishZooplanktonPredationResuspended sedimentsEcosystemsFreshwater fishForaging behaviourEutrophicationLight effectsEnvironment managementEcosystem managementPiscesFreshwaterAbstract: Ponds and shallow lakes can be very clear with abundant submerged plants, or very turbid due to a high concentration of phytoplankton and suspended sediment particles. These strongly contrasting ecosystem states have been found to represent alternative attractors with distinct stabilizing feedback mechanisms. In the turbid state, the development of submerged vegetation is prevented by low underwater light levels. The unprotected sediment frequently is resuspended by wave action and by fish searching for food causing a further decrease of transparency. Since there are no plants that could serve as refuges, zooplankton is grazed down by fish to densities insufficient to control algal blooms. In contrast, the clear state in eutrophic shallow lakes is dominated by aquatic macrophytes. The submerged macrophytes prevent sediment resuspension, take up nutrients from the water, and provide a refuge for zooplankton against fish predation. These processes buffer the impacts of increased nutrient loads until they become too high. Consequently, the response of shallow lakes to eutrophication tends to be catastrophic rather than smooth, and various lakes switch back and forth abruptly between a clear and a turbid state repeatedly without obvious external forcing. Importantly, a switch from a turbid to a stable clear state often can be invoked by means of biomanipulation in the form of a temporary reduction of the fish stock.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - 254-263.TR: CS0203841M1 - Journal


Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 492Author: Morita, Masatoshi; Takamura, Noriko; Fukushima, MichioYear: 2001Title: Community change and ecosystem management of shallow, eutrophic lakesJournal: Kokuritsu Kankyo Kenkyusho Tokubetsu Kenkyu HokokuVolume: SR-38-2001Pages: i-vii, 1-55Accession Number: AN 2002:766997Keywords: Cyanobacteria; Cyprinus (community change and ecosystem management of shallow, eutrophic lakes); Lakes (eutrophic; community change and ecosystem management of shallow, eutrophic lakes); Ecosystem (lake; community change and ecosystem management of shallow, eutrophic lakes)cyanobacteria community ecosystem management eutrophic lake biomanipulation carp ChinaAbstract: The experience of the eutrophic lake management by biomanipulation with carp in the Yangtze Jiang river area, China is described. The blue algal bloom was avoided. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 138:35797161-2WaterNational Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan,Japan.Journal1341-3635written in Japanese.

Pages: 253-265

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 496Author: Mehner, Thomas; Kasprzak, Peter; Wysujack, Klaus; Laude, Uwe; Koschel, RainerYear: 2001Title: Restoration of a stratified lake (Feldberger Haussee, Germany) by a combination of nutrient load reduction and long-term biomanipulationJournal: International Review of HydrobiologyVolume: 86Issue: 2Pages: 253-265


the increased predation impact by the piscivorous fish may have caused a

Accession Number: AN 2001:338009Keywords: Fish (carnivorous; in restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation); Fish (herbivorous, removal of; in restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation); Esox lucius; Perch; Sheatfish; Stizostedion lucioperca (in restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation); Nitrates Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (in water; restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation); Fish (planktivorous, removal of; in restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation); Phytoplankton (primary prodn.; restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation in relation to); Abramis brama; Leuciscus rutilus (removal of; in restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation); Lake waters; Lakes (restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation); Crustacean; Daphnia; Zooplankton (restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation in relation to)lake stratified restoration Feldberger Haussee Germany; nutrient load redn stratified Feldberger Haussee restoration Germany; biomanipulation stratified Feldberger Haussee restoration GermanyAbstract: A long-term biomanipulation has been performed in the stratified Feldberger Haussee since 1985. Prior to manipulation, nutrient load to the lake had declined due to wastewater input redn. Planktivorous fish were reduced by seining and by enhancement of piscivorous fish. Changes in transparency, nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish were documented for both the premanipulation period (1978-1985) and the manipulation period (1986-1998). Transparency increased in response to the manipulation (+54%), but strong year-to-year fluctuations were obsd. These fluctuations were correlated to chlorophyll a, primary prodn., and the proportion of piscivores in the fish community. We conclude that the success of the restoration was predominantly attributable to bottom-up forces as a result of the declining nutrient load and an intensified copptn. of phosphorus with calcite. However, the increased predation impact by the piscivorous fish may have caused a


reduced nutrient recycling by the planktivorous fish, thus contributing also to the improvement in water quality. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 135:8152861-2WaterDepartment of Biology and Ecology of Fishes,Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries,Berlin,Germany.Journal1434-2944written in English.479-61-8 (Magnesium, [(2E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecenyl (3S,4S,21R)-9-ethenyl-14-ethyl-21-(methoxycarbonyl)-4,8,13,18-tetramethyl-20-oxo-3-phorbinepropanoato(2-)-kN23,kN24,kN25,kN26]-, (SP-4-2)-); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (in water; restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation); 13397-26-7 (Calcite (Ca(CO3)) Role: GFM (Geological or astronomical formation), FORM (Formation, nonpreparative) (phosphorus copptn. with; restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (restoration of the stratified lake Feldberger Haussee, Germany, by a combination of nutrient load redn. and long-term biomanipulation)

Keywords: Turbidity

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 632Author: Lougheed, V. L.; Chow-Fraser, P.Year: 2001Title: Spatial variability in the response of lower trophic levels after carp exclusion from a freshwater marshJournal: Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and RecoveryVolume: 9Issue: 1Pages: 21-34Alternate Journal: J.Aquat.Ecosyst.Stress RecoveryLabel: 19Keywords: Turbidity


clarity was concurrent with a significant reduction in edible algal biomass and

MarshesBioturbationWater qualityTrophic statusBioremediationEnvironmental impactWater transparencyAquatic plantsPhytoplanktonZooplanktonFreshwater fishSpatial variationsIntraspecific relationshipsFreshwater environmentsTrophic levelsCommunity structureTurbidimetryMacrophytesCyprinus carpioDaphniaCanada, Ontario, Ontario L.North America, Ontario L.Common carpEuropean carpAbstract: Large common carp (Cyprinus carpio > 30 cm) were excluded from a turbid, eutrophic coastal marsh of Lake Ontario with the construction of a fishway at the outlet. The marsh was sampled intensively for 2 seasons prior to (1993, 1994) and following (1997, 1998) carp exclusion to study changes in water quality and shifts in community structure of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Samples were collected from May to September in three habitats: open water, vegetated (cattail beds) and sewage lagoon. In the first year after carp exclusion, mean seasonal water turbidity decreased at all sites by 49-80%; this was accompanied by growth of submergent plants in shallow, sheltered areas including the vicinity of cattails at the vegetated site. This drop in turbidity was not significant in the second year after exclusion at the open water and lagoon sites, with turbidity levels declining by only 26-54% of 1993-1994 values; only the vegetated site showed a sustained decrease in turbidity and persistent growth of submergent plants. At the vegetated site, increased clarity was concurrent with a significant reduction in edible algal biomass and


an increased representation of large zooplankton grazers and substrate-associated cladocerans. At the open water site, a spring clear-water phase was evident during the first year of exclusion and this coincided with the unusual appearance of a large population of Daphnia. Compared to the other sites, the lagoon remained relatively turbid throughout the study. Results of this study indicate that the response of lower trophic levels to biomanipulation was variable from site-to-site and contributed to the co-existence of two alternative states in the marsh. In vegetated areas, water clarity was maintained by a positive feedback system between zooplankton and submergent macrophytes in the first 2 years following exclusion. We suggest that both benthivore removal (to reduce bioturbation) and planktivore reductions (to produce top down effects) were required to produce clear water and allow submersed macrophyte growth. Although carp removal likely contributed to a 45% reduction in turbidity, an unusual climactic event in 1997, resulting in delayed fish spawning in the marsh, temporarily reduced zooplanktivory and favoured zooplankton grazing-induced water clarity improvements.Notes: TY - JOURTR: CS0213414M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, 203 Natural Science Building, East Lansing, MI 48824-1115, USA, [mailto:[email protected]]

Germany, Brandenburg, Grosse Fuchskuhle L.

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 633Author: Hehmann, A.; Krienitz, L.; Koschel, R.Year: 2001Title: Long-term phytoplankton changes in an artificially divided, top-down manipulated humic lakeJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 448Issue: 1-3Pages: 83-96Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 14Keywords: PhytoplanktonHumic acidsLakesGermany, Brandenburg, Grosse Fuchskuhle L.


phytoplankton biomass were observed.

PerchSpecies CompositionNutrientsHydrogen Ion ConcentrationOrganic CarbonChlorophyll AFish StockingLong-term changesAlgal bloomsTrophic structureGonyostomum semenGymnodinium uberrimumPercaGonyostomumGermanyFreshwaterAbstract: Lake Grosse Fuchskuhle (Brandenburg, Germany) is a naturally acidic bog lake that was artificially divided into four basins by large plastic curtains for biomanipulation experiments in 1990. Different numbers of perch were added to each compartment beginning in the spring of 1993. The species composition and abundance of phytoplankton, pH, nutrient concentrations, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and chlorophyll a content were analyzed at regular intervals during 1991 and 1998. The division of the lake resulted in divergent developments in the physical and chemical environment of the compartments. This study compared the phytoplankton assemblages of the Northeast- (NE) and Southwest- (SW) basins which differed strongly in chemistry during the investigation period. Divergent developments in phytoplankton species composition in both basins can be explained by changes in physical and chemical conditions (bottom-up effects). Increased pH values and DOC concentrations probably favoured mass developments of the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium uberrimum since 1993, while increased nutrients (dissolved inorganic carbon, total nitrogen and especially total phosphorus) as well as further changes in pH and DOC led to the dominance of the raphidophyte Gonyostomum semen in 1998. This bloom was characterized by extreme biomasses of up to 143 mg l super(-1) wet weight, corresponding with high chlorophyll a concentrations of up to 413 mu g l super(-1) at the same time. In contrast, no significant relationship between experimental manipulations by piscivorous fish stocking (top-down effects) and phytoplankton biomass were observed.


Notes: TY - JOURY2 - AprTR: CS0214597M1 - JournalAuthor Address: National Institute for Environmental Studies, Environmental Biology Division, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0053, Japan., [mailto:[email protected]]

closely with the 2 increases in the tui chub population rather than shoreline

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 497Author: Eilers, J. M.; Gubala, C. P.; Sweets, P. R.; Hanson, D.Year: 2001Title: Effects of fisheries management and lakeshore development on water quality in Diamond Lake, OregonJournal: Lake and Reservoir ManagementVolume: 17Issue: 1Pages: 29-47Accession Number: AN 2001:285960Keywords: Alkalinity; Asterionella formosa; Chub; Diatom; Electric conductivity; Eutrophication; Fragilaria crotonensis; Lake sediments; Lake waters; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Water pollution; Zooplankton (effects of fisheries management and lakeshore development on water quality in Diamond Lake, Oregon)fishery management lakeshore development water quality Diamond Lake OregonAbstract: Paleolimnol. techniques were used to assess water quality changes in a heavily used recreation lake in the Oregon Cascades. Diamond Lake was fishless prior to 1910, but has been intentionally stocked with rainbow trout annually and unintentionally stocked with tui chub in the 1930s and the 1990s. The lake was converted from a mesotrophic system to an eutrophic lake as a consequence of watershed inputs of nutrients assocd. with shoreline development and biomanipulation in the form of fisheries management. Despite installation of a sewage collection and diversion system, Diamond Lake has increased in sediment accumulation rate and the diatom community has shown an increase in Fragilaria crotonensis and Asterionella formosa, species which are often assocd. with eutrophication. The 2 largest increases in sediment accumulation rate and alterations in the diatom community correspond most closely with the 2 increases in the tui chub population rather than shoreline


development. Diatom-inferred (DI) pH increased from 7.95 circa 1910 to over 8.20 in the 1940s. The effects of a rotenone treatment in 1954 to eliminate the tui chub are evident in the short-term decrease in DI-pH and the response of the diatom community. The lake also experienced a major increase in zooplankton abundance in the 20th century as indicated by the remains in the sediment. The results illustrate the need to consider both external and internal sources of nutrients in lake restoration and management attempts. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 135:2419661-2WaterE and S Environmental Chemistry, Inc.,Corvallis,OR,USA.Journal0743-8141written in English.83-79-4 (Rotenone) Role: BUU (Biological use, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), USES (Uses) (effects of fisheries management and lakeshore development on water quality in Diamond Lake, Oregon); 479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a); 7439-89-6 (Iron); 7439-95-4 (Magnesium); 7440-09-7 (Potassium); 7440-23-5 (Sodium); 7440-32-6 (Titanium); 7440-70-2 (Calcium); 7631-86-9 (Silica); 7704-34-9 (Sulfur); 10045-97-3 (cesium-137); 14255-04-0 (lead-210); 14762-75-5 (carbon 14) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (effects of fisheries management and lakeshore development on water quality in Diamond Lake, Oregon); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (effects of fisheries management and lakeshore development on water quality in Diamond Lake, Oregon)

Pages: 227-255

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 499Author: Dillon, P. J.; McQueen, D. J.; Ramcharan, C. W.; Yan, N. D.; Demers, E.; Hudson, J. J.Year: 2001Title: Changes in nutrient and ion chemistryJournal: Advances in LimnologyVolume: 56Pages: 227-255


Water

Accession Number: AN 2001:136000Keywords: Alkalinity; Chaoborus; Electric conductivity; Lake waters; Particle size; Water pollution; Zooplankton (changes in nutrient and ion chem. in relation to manipulations of fish communities in Mouse and Ranger lakes, Canada); Chlorides; Nitrates; Silicates; Sulfates Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (changes in nutrient and ion chem. in relation to manipulations of fish communities in Mouse and Ranger lakes, Canada)nutrient ion chem lakeAbstract: Manipulations of the fish communities in Mouse and Ranger lakes resulted in minimal changes in the ions and nutrients between the pre-manipulation (1991-1993) and post-manipulation (1994-1997) phases of the study. Although some chem. parameters (SO42-, base cations, alky., pH) changed substantially over the course of the 7-yr study, these changes were obsd. in other lakes in the region and were attributable to decreased rates of acid deposition. Redox processes in the hypolimnion, which control the prodn. of alky. in these and most other soft-water lakes, were not affected by the expt. As a result, no manipulation-based alterations in the rates of ion response to declining acid deposition were expected or obsd. Studies of changes in nutrient concns. (P, N, C) revealed that there were no significant pre- to post-manipulation changes in hypolimnetic, metalimnetic and whole-lake concns. However, in the epilimnion of Mouse Lake, total P fell by .apprx.30% following the addn. of bass. We studied the hypothesis that manipulation-induced changes in the excretion rates of various biota could have been responsible for this change, and we found that in Mouse Lake, a portion of the obsd. decline in epilimnetic TP could be explained by post-manipulation declines in fish excretion rates. However, these reduced rates of nutrient loading were offset by small manipulation-induced increases in the excretion rates of Chaoborus and crustacean zooplankton. In the end, we were left with no verifiable explanation for the post-manipulation decline in Mouse Lake TP. It should be noted, however, that obsd. increases in mean zooplankton body size suggest that there may have been changes in planktonic particle sizes and assocd. increases in sedimentation velocities. We did not attempt to measure sedimentation rates, but if a reliable method can be devised for small Canadian Shield lakes, this will certainly be a useful addn. to future biomanipulations of the type described here. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 134:25643061-2Water


Department of Biology,York University,Toronto,ON,Can.Journal0071-1128written in English.7440-44-0 (Carbon); 7782-44-7 (Oxygen) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (changes in nutrient and ion chem. in relation to manipulations of fish communities in Mouse and Ranger lakes, Canada); 7429-90-5 (Aluminum); 7439-89-6 (Iron); 7439-95-4 (Magnesium); 7439-96-5 (Manganese); 7440-09-7 (Potassium); 7440-23-5 (Sodium); 7440-70-2 (Calcium); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (changes in nutrient and ion chem. in relation to manipulations of fish communities in Mouse and Ranger lakes, Canada)

Environment management

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 634Author: Suzuki, M.; Sagehashi, M.; Sakoda, A.Year: 2000Title: Modelling the structural dynamics of a shallow and eutrophic water ecosystem based on mesocosm observationsJournal: Ecological ModellingVolume: 128Issue: 2-3Pages: 221-243Alternate Journal: Ecol.Model.Label: 21Keywords: Algal GrowthEutrophic LakesWater Quality ManagementEutrophic environmentsMesocosmsModelsZooplanktonAlgaeRestorationEcosystemsEnvironment management


PhytoplanktonShallow waterEutrophic watersNutrient cyclesbiomanipulationAbstract: A structural dynamic model describing a shallow, eutrophic water ecosystem is proposed in this paper. This type of model is useful for predicting the effects of biomanipulation. Various examples of this kind of model have been suggested in previous reports. The next salient issue demanding attention would be calibrating such models on the basis of more rigid data. In this paper, some of model parameters were calibrated and validated on the basis of observations of a mesocosm. In the mesocosm, almost complete material balances can be measured; these allow for the control of important factors in such systems. Hence, mesocosm observations were used in the calibration of parameters. The calibrated model was strongly supported on the basis of other observations of the mesocosm. The simulation study used in the proposed model indicated that the effects of biomanipulation on algal growth suppression differs depending on their zooplankton composition.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - 20 AprTR: CS0017868M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 7-22-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-8558, Japan, [mailto:[email protected]]

Keywords: Phytoplankton (biomass; local participation and biomanipulation in

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 506Author: Suoraniemi, Maria; Laine, Sirpa; Malinen, Tommi; Tormanen, Anni-Inkeri; Luokkanen, Eira; Kairesalo, TimoYear: 2000Title: Comprehensive approach to the rehabilitation and management of Vesijarvi, a lake in southern FinlandJournal: Boreal Environment ResearchVolume: 5Issue: 1Pages: 1-13Accession Number: AN 2000:370491Keywords: Phytoplankton (biomass; local participation and biomanipulation in


Water

comprehensive approach to rehabilitate and manage eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi, Finland); Leaching (control of nutrient; local participation and biomanipulation in comprehensive approach to rehabilitate and manage eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi, Finland); Erosion; Runoff (control of; local participation and biomanipulation in comprehensive approach to rehabilitate and manage eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi, Finland); Water pollution (lake water; local participation and biomanipulation in comprehensive approach to rehabilitate and manage eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi, Finland); Cyanobacteria; Eutrophication; Nutrients; Simulation and Modeling (local participation and biomanipulation in comprehensive approach to rehabilitate and manage eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi, Finland); Leuciscus rutilus; Osmerus eperlanus (removal of; local participation and biomanipulation in comprehensive approach to rehabilitate and manage eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi, Finland)rehabilitation management eutrophic Vesijarvi Lake Finland; biomanipulation local participation lake rehabilitation management FinlandAbstract: The rehabilitation program of Vesijarvi Lake in southern Finland began in 1987. It has been conducted in 3 stages: reducing the external nutrient loading to the lowest possible level; managing the food web structure to reduce internal nutrient loading; and maintaining the rehabilitated state of the lake. Recovery of Vesijarvi Lake proved biomanipulation is an applicable rehabilitation method for large lakes. The mechanism behind the recovery was linked to migration of the dense roach (Rutilus rutilus L.) population that transferred nutrients from littoral to pelagic zones. Biomanipulation decreased the migrating fish stock and diminished input and availability of nutrients in pelagic water. Consequently, planktonic productivity, esp. cyanobacteria, decreased. To maintain the achieved state, people were encouraged to participate in lake and drainage area management. Participation of key groups (fishermen and farmers) was enhanced with computer simulation models, used to demonstrate the effect of fisheries and farming practices on the lake. The yield-recruit model and the multi-species value-per-recruit model helped fishermen to optimize fisheries to a sustainable level. With the help of the GLEAMS model, farmers could compare nutrient loading effects of different field farming techniques and choose less-loading alternatives. Increased participation and cooperation of local people and authorities was considered to keep the comprehensive management process on a sustainable basis. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 132:35229861-2Water


Department of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,University of Helsinki,Lahti,Finland.Journal1239-6095written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (total; local participation and biomanipulation in comprehensive approach to rehabilitate and manage eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi, Finland)

fate of a water ecosystem using a lake math. model is thus essential for

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 503Author: Sagehashi, M.; Sakoda, A.; Suzuki, M.Year: 2000Title: A predictive model of long-term stability after biomanipulation of shallow lakesJournal: Water ResearchVolume: 34Issue: 16Pages: 4014-4028Accession Number: AN 2000:581443Keywords: Geological sediments (detrital, suspended; predictive model of long-term stability after biomanipulation of shallow eutrophic lakes); Algae; Algorithm; Copepod; Crucian carp; Cyanobacteria; Environmental modeling; Eutrophication; Fish; Green algae; Lake waters; Phytoplankton; Respiration; Respiration; Water pollution; Zooplankton (predictive model of long-term stability after biomanipulation of shallow eutrophic lakes); Lakes (restoration of shallow eutrophic; predictive model of long-term stability after biomanipulation of shallow eutrophic lakes)lake shallow eutrophic restoration biomanipulation long term stability modelingAbstract: The eutrophication of lakes causes serious problems, such as blooms consisting of harmful blue-green algae. To prevent an unusual degree of growth of phytoplankton, various restoration methods have been tried. \"Biomanipulation,\" which uses zooplankton to prey on the phytoplankton, is a promising method because it can, in principle, create a desirable ecosystem. However, there are many equivocal points with regard to the long-term stability of a newly developed ecosystem after biomanipulations. The prediction of the fate of a water ecosystem using a lake math. model is thus essential for


implementing biomanipulations. There remain, however, many uncertain points in the dynamic parameters of the lake models, esp. the parameters concerned with zooplankton and fish. In this study, we established a lake math. model based on the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus flows among the biotic and abiotic substances in a water ecosystem. In this model, two types of phytoplankton (non-blue-green algae and blue-green algae), three types of zooplankton (rotatoria, cladocera, and copepoda), planktivorous fish (crucian carp), detritus, and dissolved matter were considered. The dynamic parameters were estd. with a set membership estn. algorithm using random scanning based on mesocosm expts., which can provide more rigid data than actual lake observations can. The model calcns. showed good agreement with the observation data for both the nonfilamentous blue-green algae-dominant case and the filamentous blue-green algae-dominant case. Using this model, we calcd. the long-term stability of the effects of biomanipulations in a hypothetical lake. The calcn. results clarified the blue-green algal species specificity in the long-term effects of biomanipulations. In the nonfilamentous blue-green algal-dominant case, the long-term stable suppression of algal growth was predicted under a certain threshold fish biomass, while in the filamentous blue-green algal-dominant case, the suppression was not sustainable, even in a no-fish-coexisting series. Model simulation is very important to the design of biomanipulations, and the model proposed in this study is suitable for this purpose. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 134:885861-1WaterInstitute of Industrial Science,University of Tokyo,Minato-ku, Tokyo,Japan.Journal0043-1354written in English.7440-44-0 (Carbon); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: BPR (Biological process), BSU (Biological study, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), PROC (Process) (predictive model of long-term stability after biomanipulation of shallow eutrophic lakes)

Kevin L.

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 500Author: Robertson, Dale M.; Goddard, Gerald L.; Helsel, Daniel R.; MacKinnon, Kevin L.


Journal

Year: 2000Title: Rehabilitation of Delavan Lake, WisconsinJournal: Lake and Reservoir ManagementVolume: 16Issue: 3Pages: 155-176Accession Number: AN 2000:786975Keywords: Plant (macrophytic; rehabilitation of Delavan Lake, Wisconsin); Algae; Carp; Cyanobacteria; Eutrophication; Ictiobus cyprinellus; Phytoplankton; Remediation; Water pollution; Zooplankton (rehabilitation of Delavan Lake, Wisconsin); Environmental pollution (sediment; rehabilitation of Delavan Lake, Wisconsin)rehabilitation eutrophication Delavan Lake WisconsinAbstract: A comprehensive rehabilitation plan was developed and implemented to shift Delavan Lake, Wisconsin, from a hypereutrophic to a mesotrophic condition. The plan was 3-fold: (1) reduce external P loading by applying Best Management Practices in the watershed, enhance an existing wetland, and short-circuit the inflows through the lake, (2) reduce internal P loading by treating the sediments with alum and removing carp, and (3) rehabilitate the fishery by removing carp and bigmouth buffalo and adding piscivores (biomanipulation). The 1st and 2nd parts of the plan met with only limited success. With only minor redns. in internal and external P loading, P concns. in the lake returned to near pre-treatment concns. The intensive biomanipulation and resulting trophic cascade (increased piscivores, decreased planktivores, increased large zooplankton populations, and reduced phytoplankton populations) eliminated most of the original problems in the lake (blue-green algal blooms and limited water clarity). However, now there is extensive macrophyte growth and abundant filamentous algae. Without significantly reducing the sources of the problems (high P loading) in Delavan Lake, the increased water clarity may not last. With an improved understanding of the individual components of this rehabilitation program, better future management plans can be developed for Delavan Lake and other lakes and reservoirs with similar eutrophication problems. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 134:4644061-2WaterU.S. Geological Survey - Water Resources Division,U.S. Department of the Interior,Middleton,WI,USA.Journal


0743-8141written in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (rehabilitation of Delavan Lake, Wisconsin); 10043-01-3 (Alum) Role: NUU (Other use, unclassified), USES (Uses) (rehabilitation of Delavan Lake, Wisconsin); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (rehabilitation of Delavan Lake, Wisconsin)

conditions were characterized by high concns. of total P (689 +- 198 mg/L), N

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 505Author: Lund, Mark A.; Davis, Jennifer A.Year: 2000Title: Seasonal dynamics of plankton communities and water chemistry in a eutrophic wetland (Lake Monger, Western Australia): Implications for biomanipulationJournal: Marine and Freshwater ResearchVolume: 51Issue: 4Pages: 321-332Accession Number: AN 2000:435182Keywords: Transparency (Secchi disk; seasonal dynamics of zooplankton and phytoplankton communities and water chem. in eutrophic wetland, Lake Monger, Western Australia); Lake waters; Wetland waters (eutrophic; seasonal dynamics of zooplankton and phytoplankton communities and water chem. in eutrophic wetland, Lake Monger, Western Australia); Agraptocorixa hirtifrons; Alkalinity; Anisops; Calamoecia; Chydoridae; Cladocera; Copepod; Cyanobacteria; Cyclopoida; Daphnia carinata; Electric conductivity; Golden algae; Green algae; Mesocyclops; Microcyclops; Micronecta robusta; Nutrients; Phytoplankton; Rotifer; Temperature; Zooplankton (seasonal dynamics of zooplankton and phytoplankton communities and water chem. in eutrophic wetland, Lake Monger, Western Australia)seasonal dynamics phytoplankton zooplankton eutrophic wetland; water chem Lake Monger AustraliaAbstract: In a large (70 ha) shallow (<2m deep) eutrophic wetland studied from Nov. 1988 to Oct. 1989, there were marked seasonal changes in water quality and zooplankton compn., and to a lesser extent phytoplankton communities, with 3 distinct groups evident: summer, winter-spring, and autumn. Summer conditions were characterized by high concns. of total P (689 +- 198 mg/L), N


limitation, Microcystis aeruginosa blooms (mean chlorophyll a = 466 +- 30 mg/L), and zooplankton communities dominated by cyclopoid copepods (Mesocyclops and Microcyclops). Winter-spring conditions were characterized by Secchi disk transparencies to the bed (chlorophyll a <50 mg/L), low total P (71 +- 40 mg/L), and zooplankton communities dominated by Daphnia carinata King. Autumn conditions represented an intermediate state between these 2. Significant linear relationships were recorded between chlorophyll a and total P and between chlorophyll a and D. carinata. Hemipteran predator (Anisops) abundance was correlated with D. carinata, but the relationship did not appear to be causal. The decline in D. carinata in summer was attributed to food limitation. Redns. in nutrient input to the lake in 1990-91, resulted in improved water quality and high D. carinata abundance in summer. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 133:6333561-1WaterSchool of Biological and Environmental Sciences,Murdoch University,Murdoch,Australia.Journal1323-1650written in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a) Role: BOC (Biological occurrence), BSU (Biological study, unclassified), OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence) (seasonal dynamics of zooplankton and phytoplankton communities and water chem. in eutrophic wetland, Lake Monger, Western Australia); 7664-41-7 (Ammonia); 7782-44-7 (Oxygen); 12408-02-5 (Hydrogen ion) Role: OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), OCCU (Occurrence) (seasonal dynamics of zooplankton and phytoplankton communities and water chem. in eutrophic wetland, Lake Monger, Western Australia); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), OCCU (Occurrence) (sol. reactive and total; seasonal dynamics of zooplankton and phytoplankton communities and water chem. in eutrophic wetland, Lake Monger, Western Australia); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: OCU (Occurrence, unclassified), OCCU (Occurrence) (total; seasonal dynamics of zooplankton and phytoplankton communities and water chem. in eutrophic wetland, Lake Monger, Western Australia)



0003-9136

Author: Koski-Vahala, J.; Hartikainen, H.; Kairesalo, T.Year: 2000Title: Resuspension in regulating sedimentation dynamics in Lake VesijarviJournal: Archiv fuer HydrobiologieVolume: 148Issue: 3Pages: 357-381Accession Number: AN 2000:492904Keywords: Lakes (eutrophic, restoration of; resuspension in regulating sedimentation dynamics in Lake Vesijarvi); Bacteria (mineralization rate in settled material; resuspension in regulating sedimentation dynamics in Lake Vesijarvi); Eutrophication; Lake sediments; Lake waters; Phytoplankton; Sedimentation (resuspension in regulating sedimentation dynamics in Lake Vesijarvi)resuspension sedimentation dynamics regulation Lake Vesijarvi Finland; lake restoration biomanipulation sedimentation dynamics regulation resuspensionAbstract: The role of resuspension in sedimentation dynamics and internal phosphorus (P) loading was investigated in the Enonselka basin of Lake Vesijarvi, southern Finland. The gross sedimentation rate was measured at three sampling sites, where sedimentation traps were placed 2 m above the bottom (the depth of 28 m, 18 m and 7 m) and at the two deepest sites also in the metalimnion (11 m depth). The total settling flux did not follow either the phytoplankton biomass development in the lake or the bacterial mineralization rate in the settled material. The gross sedimentation rate was much higher in the hypolimnion than in the metalimnion, indicating that resuspension increased the settling flux. This conclusion is supported by the fact that when the gross sedimentation rate increased, the C and N concns. of settled material resembled those of bottom sediment. The proportion of resuspended material, estd. by three different methods, averaged 56-99 % of the gross sedimentation rate during the study periods. Contrary to the common assumption, the Enonselka basin provides an example of successful restoration by biomanipulation in lakes with high resuspension. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 133:21258261-2WaterDepartment of Limnology and Environmental Protection,University of Helsinki,Helsinki,Finland.Journal0003-9136


written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: BOC (Biological occurrence), BSU (Biological study, unclassified), PEP (Physical, engineering or chemical process), PRP (Properties), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence), PROC (Process) (internal loading of; resuspension in regulating sedimentation dynamics in Lake Vesijarvi)

rate in the settled material. The gross sedimentation rate was much higher in

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 636Author: Koski-Vaehaelae, J.; Hartikainen, H.; Kairesalo, T.Year: 2000Title: Resuspension in regulating sedimentation dynamics in Lake VesijaerviJournal: Arch.HydrobiolVolume: 148Issue: 3Pages: 357-381Alternate Journal: Arch.Hydrobiol.Label: 22Keywords: ResuspensionSedimentationPhosphorusSeasonal variationsVertical profilesPrimary productionFinland, Haeme, Vesijaervi L.water temperaturedissolved oxygenchlorophyllsliterature reviewsFreshwaterAbstract: The role of resuspension in sedimentation dynamics and internal phosphorus (P) loading was investigated in the Enonselkae basin of Lake Vesijaervi, southern Finland. The gross sedimentation rate was measured at three sampling sites, where sedimentation traps were placed 2 m above the bottom (the depth of 28 m, 18 m and 7 m) and at the two deepest sites also in the metalimnion (11 m depth). The total settling flux did not follow either the phytoplankton biomass development in the lake or the bacterial mineralization rate in the settled material. The gross sedimentation rate was much higher in


the hypolimnion than in the metalimnion, indicating that resuspension increased the settling flux. This conclusion is supported by the fact that when the gross sedimentation rate increased, the C and N concentrations of settled material resembled those of bottom sediment. The proportion of resuspended material, estimated by three different methods, averaged 56-99% of the gross sedimentation rate during the study periods. Contrary to the common assumption, the Enonselkae basin provides an example of successful restoration by biomanipulation in lakes with high resuspension.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Incl. bibliogr.: 64 refs.; TR: BF0100056M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Limnology and Environmental Protection P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki Finland, [mailto:[email protected]]

sampled monthly between Mar. 1997 and Apr. 1998 for physico-chem. and

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 502Author: Beklioglu, Meryem; Burnak, S. Levent; Ince, OzlemYear: 2000Title: Benthi-planktivorous fish-induced low water quality of Lake Eymir before biomanipulationJournal: Turkish Journal of ZoologyVolume: 24Issue: 3Pages: 315-326Accession Number: AN 2000:657446Keywords: Arctodiaptomus; Carp; Daphnia; Fish; Lake waters; Tench; Water pollution; Zooplankton (benthi-planktivorous fish-induced low water quality of Lake Eymir before biomanipulation, Turkey); Silicates Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (benthi-planktivorous fish-induced low water quality of Lake Eymir before biomanipulation, Turkey); Nitrates; Nitrites Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (benthi-planktivorous fish-induced low water quality of Lake Eymir before biomanipulation, Turkey); Remediation (bioremediation; benthi-planktivorous fish-induced low water quality of Lake Eymir before biomanipulation, Turkey)benthi planktivorous fish water quality Lake Eymir biomanipulation TurkeyAbstract: Lake Eymir, Eymir inflow 1, Kislakci Brook and Eymir outflow were sampled monthly between Mar. 1997 and Apr. 1998 for physico-chem. and


biol. parameters. Within the catchment of the lake, there are small-scale industries, sewage and recreational activities causing high concns. of dissolved inorg. N (DIN) and total P (TP) in the Eymir inflow 1 and in Kislakci Brook. In Lake Eymir although diversion of sewage of the Mogan municipality to Imrahor valley appeared to have led to a decrease in TP and DIN concns. compared with those found in 1994, esp. the TP concn. was still very high (annual mean 305 mg/L) this may be due to the high inflow concns. The lake had a high spring increase in chlorophyll a concn. which remained relatively low throughout the summer (annual mean 19 mg/L), perhaps due to very low DIN/TP ratios implying possible N-limitation at the very high TP concn. The Secchi depth was also relatively low throughout summer at the low chlorophyll a concn. possibly due to feeding of the dominant fish tench (Tinca tinca) and carp (Cyprinus carpio) of the lake by stirring up the sediment. The densities of large-bodied zooplankton, Daphnia and Arctodiaptomus remained low in summer following the high spring densities probably due to fish predation exerted on them by tench and carp. In Lake Eymir, top-down or fish-induced control of the water quality appeared to be the predominant factor following the redn. of 30% of the tench and carp (biomanipulation), has led to very high Secchi depth and densities of the large grazes. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 133:31322461-2WaterBiology. Department,Middle East Technical University,Ankara,Turk.Journal1300-0179written in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll-a) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (benthi-planktivorous fish-induced low water quality of Lake Eymir before biomanipulation, Turkey); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (benthi-planktivorous fish-induced low water quality of Lake Eymir before biomanipulation, Turkey)

Title: Multi-lake studies in the Netherlands: trends in eutrophication

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 507Author: Van Der Molen, D. T.; Portielje, R.Year: 1999Title: Multi-lake studies in the Netherlands: trends in eutrophication


eutrophication)

Journal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 408/409Pages: 359-365Accession Number: AN 2000:110383Keywords: Eutrophication; Lake waters (multi-lake studies in Netherlands and trends in eutrophication)lake Netherlands eutrophicationAbstract: The relation between (inter)national programs aiming at nutrient load redn. and changes in eutrophication was studied for 231 Dutch lakes over the period 1980-1996. Trends in total P and total N were neg., as detd. by anal. of both individual lakes and the complete data set. The relative trends in the nutrient concns. as well as in the N/P ratio correspond with the significantly reduced P emission and the limited redn. of N emission in the Netherlands since the beginning of the 1980s. Neg. trends in chlorophyll a and pos. trends in Secchi-disk transparency may be partly explained by reduced nutrient concns. Perspectives for the nearby future are discussed. Lake characteristics had only a minor impact on the trends. The improvement of the water quality was found for all subsets of av. depth, surface area, hydraulic retention time and soil type. The effect of restoration measures and meteorol. conditions on the trends were studied. Biomanipulation resulted in an addnl. improvement of several water quality variables compared to lakes that were only subjected to (inter)national programs on nutrient load redn. Specific measures resulting in addnl. P load redn. resulted only in lowered P concns. Severe winters resulted in lower chlorophyll a concns. in the following summer and dry conditions in spring were favorable for all eutrophication variables in the following summer. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 132:14149261-2WaterInstitute for Inland Water Management and Waste Water Treatment,Lelystad,Neth.Journal0018-8158written in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (multi-lake studies in Netherlands and trends in eutrophication); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (multi-lake studies in Netherlands and trends in eutrophication)


biomanipulation

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 637Author: Tallberg, P.; Horppila, J.; Vaeisaenen, A.; Nurminen, L.Year: 1999Title: Seasonal succession of phytoplankton and zooplankton along a trophic gradient in a eutrophic lake - implications for food web managementJournal: HydrobiologiaPages: Vol. 412, pAlternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 25Keywords: SuccessionPhytoplanktonZooplanktonSeasonal variationsFood websLakesEutrophic environmentsManagementFinlandEutrophic watersTrophic relationshipsRestorationEcological successionFreshwater fishEcosystem managementPollution effectsFinland, Hiidenvesi L.Food ChainsWater QualityLake MorphometryCyanophytaCladoceraCopepodaDaphniaWater fleasCopepodsbiomanipulation


FreshwaterAbstract: The water quality and seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton and zooplankton in Lake Hiidenvesi were explored in order to evaluate the possibilites to improve the water quality by mass removal of fish. The four sampling stations were situated in basins representing a transition from hypertrophy to mesotrophy and maximum depths from 3 m to 33 m. The maximal phytoplankton biomasses ranged from 5 to 33 mg l super(-1) and the maximal zooplankton biomasses from 160 to 520 g C l super(-1). Cyanophytes dominated the phytoplankton biomass in summer and the copepod biomass was higher than that of cladocerans at all the stations. No spring peak in the zooplankton biomass occurred and the average size of daphnids was below 1 mm. At present, the top-down control of phytoplankton biomass is thus ineffective. However, the water quality and morphometry of L. Hiidenvesi seem favourable for biomanipulation. The nutrient concentrations and external loading fall in the limits that facilitate successful restoration and the morphometry of the lake is favourable for the recolonization by submerged macrophytes. However, since stations 2 and 3 receive their nutrient loading mainly from station 1, restoration of station 1 may be crucial for the whole lake. This may not be achieved through food web management alone, but requires a reduction of the nutrient flow from River Vihtijoki.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - 81-94. OctTR: CS0011090M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Limnology and Environmental Protection, Section of Limnology, P.O. Box 27 (E-building), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

Lake reclamation

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 638Author: Scharf, W.Year: 1999Title: Restoration of the highly eutrophic Lingese ReservoirJournal: HydrobiologiaPages: Vol. 416, pAlternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 23Keywords: Habitat improvementLake reclamation


Notes: TY - JOUR

Water reservoirsWater quality controlNutrients (mineral)Food websReservoirsEutrophic environmentsEnvironmental restorationNutrient concentrationsEutrophicationPhosphorusAlgaeZooplanktonFood chainsPredationBosminaCryptomonasGermany, Lingese ReservoirGermanyAbstract: Restoration of the highly eutrophic softwater Lingese Reservoir was less successful than expected because of the failure to reduce P-recycling from the sediments and to improve food web interactions. After sewage diversion reduced the external TP-load, lake TP concentrations responded promptly because of the high flushing rate. However, despite artificial mixing, summer anaerobic sediment surface conditions could not be prevented and, consequently, phosphorus released from the sediments supported summer algal growth. In the pre-diversion period, the utilisation of nutrients by the summer phytoplankton, expressed as chlorophyll concentrations per unit TP, was very high not only because there was little grazing on the algae, but also because of intense nutrient regeneration and redistribution of the available P-pool. Evidence is provided that the zooplankton (rotifers, Bosmina, Cyclops) enhanced algal growth. In spite of the presence of a rich food resource (Cryptomonas), large daphnids (>1.25 mm) never occurred, due to severe predation by a huge cyprinid fish stock. These fish were not reduced by manipulation of their trophic conditions or by the stocking of piscivores ('gentle biomanipulation'). Due to a lack of benthic habitat, food resources were scarce for adult cyprinids and most of the energy was channeled through the 'detritus via Bosmina' food chain, which acted as an energy sink, as indicated by dwarfism of the planktivorous fish.Notes: TY - JOUR


Y2 - 85-96. 1 DecTR: CS0213446M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Wupperverband, Limnological Laboratory, Zur Schafbruecke 6, D-42283 Wuppertal, Germany

BERGMAN E, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V404, P77

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 476Author: Romare, P.; Bergman, E.Year: 1999Title: Juvenile fish expansion following biomanipulation and its effect on zooplanktonJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 404Pages: 89-97Date: JunAlternate Journal: HydrobiologiaAccession Number: ISI:000083700800012Keywords: 0+fish abundance; biomanipulation; Daphnia; predation pressureperch perca-fluviatilis; shallow eutrophic lake; rutilus-rutilus;water-quality; communities; growth; food; recruitment; temperature;competitionAbstract: In Lake Ringsjon, southern Sweden, we estimated yearly variations in both 0+ and older fish abundances, following the fish reductions in 1988-1992. Between 1987 and 1994, the total planktivore biomass decreased fourfold whereas the abundance of 0+ fish increased twenty times. The resulting change in predation pressure from planktivorous fish on zooplankton increased up to 2-3 times, after the fish reduction. We conclude that after an initial decrease, the predation pressure on zooplankton increased considerably due to the increase in 0+ fish abundance. The expansion in juvenile fish abundance may therefore have been an important factor behind the apparent lack of top-down effect on the zooplankton community following biomanipulation of Lake Ringsjon. The horizontal distribution of 0+ fish in Lake Ringsjon is also discussed.Notes: Cited Reference Count: 41Cited References: BENNDORF J, 1995, INT REV GES HYDROBIO, V80, P519 BERGMAN E, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V404, P65 BERGMAN E, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V404, P77


English

BERGMAN E, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V404, P9 BOERSMA M, 1996, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V53, P18 CARPENTER SR, 1986, AQUAT BOT, V26, P341 CRYER M, 1986, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V31, P1022 DIEHL S, 1995, ECOLOGY, V76, P1712 HAMRIN SF, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V404, P59 HANSSON LA, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V404, P1 JACHNER A, 1991, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V226, P81 KARJALAINEN J, 1997, IN PRESS J FISH BI S KEAST A, 1988, VERH INT VER LIMNOL, V23, P1692 KERFOOT WC, 1987, PREDATION DIRECT IND, P57 LESSMARK O, 1983, THESIS U LUND LUND LODGE DM, 1988, COMPLEX INTERACTIONS, P181 MARMULLA G, 1990, J FISH BIOL, V36, P789 MEHNER T, 1995, LIMNOLOGICA BERLIN, V25, P1 MEHNER T, 1997, ARCH HYDROBIOL SPEC, V49, P13 MEIJER ML, 1994, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V275, P457 MILLS EL, 1987, PREDATION DIRECT IND, P118 MOOIJ WM, 1994, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V51, P516 PERSSON L, 1990, ECOLOGY, V71, P44 PERSSON L, 1991, BEHAV ECOL, V28, P101 PERSSON L, 1991, J FISH BIOL, V38, P281 PERSSON L, 1997, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V54, P85 POST DM, 1997, ARCH HYDROBIOL SPEC, V49, P1 POST JR, 1990, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V47, P554 QIN JG, 1995, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V297, P217 SPAAK P, 1994, THESIS U UTRECHT NET, P97 STRAND JA, 1999, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V404, P113 TALEB H, 1994, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V294, P117 THIEL R, 1996, LIMNOLOGICA, V26, P123 TREASURER JW, 1990, FRESHWATER BIOL, V24, P361 VANDENSEN WLT, 1985, J APPL ICHTHYOL, V2, P49 VIJVERBERG J, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V207, P279 WANG N, 1994, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V277, P135 WANZENBOCK J, 1997, ARCH HYDROBIOL SPEC, V49, P117 WHITESIDE MC, 1988, VERH INT VER LIMNOL, V23, P1710 WHITESIDE MC, 1997, ARCH HYDROBIOL SPEC, V49, P99 ZALEWSKI M, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V200, P549English


ArticleHYDROBIOLOGIAURL: <Go to ISI>://000083700800012Author Address: Univ Lund, Inst Ecol, Dept Limnol, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden.Romare, P, Univ Lund, Inst Ecol, Dept Limnol, Ecol Bldg, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden.

Environment management

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 639Author: Persson, A.; Barkman, A.; Hansson, L. -AYear: 1999Title: Simulating the effects of biomanipulation on the food web of Lake RingsjoenJournal: HydrobiologiaPages: Vol. 404, pAlternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 28Keywords: Sweden, Ringsjon L.PhosphorusLakesFish PopulationsPhytoplanktonEutrophicationWater Quality ControlCyanophytaAlgal GrowthFood websRestorationBiochemical cyclesEutrophic lakesEcosystem managementPopulation dynamicsZooplanktonEcosystem resilienceFreshwater fishOmnivoresCarnivoresPlankton feedersEnvironment management


Author Address: Department of Limnology, Institute of Ecology, Ecology

Trophic relationshipsModelsNutrient cyclesSwedenSweden, Malmoehus, Ringsjoen L.biomanipulationAbstract: A dynamic, process-oriented, deterministic and phosphorus-based model was developed to simulate the food web dynamics of Lake Ringsjoen, in particular the long-term effects of biomanipulation in terms of reduction of omnivorous fish. The model contains 14 state variables, each with a differential equation describing sources and sinks of phosphorus. The state variables encompass piscivorous and omnivorous fish, zooplankton, phytoplankton, sediment and lake water. The model simulates densities of fish and phytoplankton adequately, both before and after biomanipulation, although the actual lake phytoplankton density varied more year-to-year compared to the model predictions. According to the model, a biomanipulation will cause an increase in zooplankton biomass. This prediction contradicts available field data from the lake which do not indicate any significant change in zooplankton biomass resulting from the performed biomanipulation. This discrepancy may partly be attributed to structural uncertainties in the model, related to the size structure of predators on zooplankton, i.e. the omnivorous fish community. The simulations suggest that phosphorus was routed along the pelagic food chain to a larger extent after omnivorous fish were removed, whereas the amount of phosphorus routed via the sediment and benthivorous fish decreased following fish removal. Accordingly, translocation of phosphorus from sediment to water by benthivorous fish is predicted to be substantially reduced by biomanipulation, resulting in an overall reduction in the release of new phosphorus to phytoplankton. Irrespective of simulated fishing effort (reduction of <0.5%/d for two years), the model predicts that P-release from the sediment and the external load will remain sufficiently high to force the system back to its previous state within a decade. Thus, recurrent biomanipulations and/or combined abatement strategies may be necessary to maintain low phytoplankton density. Known structural model uncertainties may however affect the robustness of such detailed predictions about the system resilience.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - 131-144. 1 JunTR: CS0007520M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Limnology, Institute of Ecology, Ecology


Building, University of Lund, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden

written in English.

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 511Author: Madgwick, F. JaneYear: 1999Title: Strategies for conservation management of lakesJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 395/396Pages: 309-323Accession Number: AN 1999:695281Keywords: Eutrophication; Water pollution (strategies for conservation management of eutrophic lakes)eutrophication conservation phosphorus stripping biomanipulation lakeAbstract: This paper discusses how the use of nature conservation targets can influence the practice of the management and rehabilitation of shallow lakes. It suggests that managers need to identify realistic targets, based on a sound understanding of the nature and ecol. processes operating in the lakes in question. The constraints on effective management towards ecol. targets are identified in the context of the rehabilitation of shallow lakes from eutrophication. It is recognized that most commonly, nature conservation is one of several objectives in lake management. Using the Norfolk Broads case study, it identifies a range of ecol. and human use influences that need to be assessed in order to form the basis of an integrated, sustainable approach to rehabilitation from the effects of eutrophication. The way in which nature conservation is taken account of through each stage in the planning of broads restoration projects is discussed, and the need for further specific advice for lake managers is indicated. This paper stresses the benefits of large scale exptl. management, backed up by research and monitoring as a way of taking forward this applied science. The need for good communication with partner agencies and the local community when undertaking this management work, is also emphasized. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 131:29091061-2WaterThe Broads Authority,Norwich, Norfolk,UK.Journal0018-8158written in English.


7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: REM (Removal or disposal), PROC (Process) (strategies for conservation management of eutrophic lakes)

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 508Author: Madgwick, F. J.Year: 1999Title: Restoring nutrient-enriched shallow lakes: integration of theory and practice in the Norfolk Broads, U.KJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 408/409Pages: 1-12Accession Number: AN 2000:110359Keywords: Lake waters (eutrophic, shallow; integration of theory and practice in restoring nutrient-enriched shallow lakes, Norfolk Broads, U.K.); Remediation (water pollution; integration of theory and practice in restoring nutrient-enriched shallow lakes, Norfolk Broads, U.K.)eutrophic lake restoration water pollutionAbstract: Restoration of severely eutrophic, shallow lakes often involves a step by step treatment, starting with control of catchment nutrient inputs and internal nutrient loading, followed by biomanipulation and finally the stabilization of a macrophyte dominated lake. In this paper, the restoration strategy of Barton Broad is presented. As this is the largest and most complex of the lakes in Broadland to restore, the nature of the restoration strategy is derived from the combined experience of research, monitoring and small scale restoration projects elsewhere. Some practical difficulties and uncertainties are identified within each of the restoration steps. The need for careful assessment of restoration targets, a catchment approach and collaboration with local people are emphasized. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 132:14148161-2WaterWWF International,Copenhagen,Den.Journal0018-8158written in English.


written in German.

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 498Author: Koschel, Rainer; Anwand, Karl; Kasprzak, Peter; Krienitz, Lothar; Laude, Uwe; Mehner, Thomas; Wysujack, KlausYear: 1999Title: Recommendations for biomanipulation in stratified lakes, for example in the restoration of Feldberger Haussees (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)Journal: Schriftenreihe des ISWW KarlsruheVolume: 98Issue: Technologische Aspekte der Wasser-, Abwasser- und SchlammbehandlungPages: 99-115Accession Number: AN 2001:238566Keywords: Biomass; Water purification (biomanipulation in remediation of Feldberger Haussee (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany); Daphnia; Fish; Phytoplankton (biomanipulation in remediation of Feldberger Haussee (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany) in relation to content of); Lake waters (eutrophic; biomanipulation in remediation of Feldberger Haussee (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany)eutrophic lake restoration biomanipulation fish phytoplankton GermanyAbstract: A biomanipulation case study was carried out for the Feldberger Haussee, a stratified hard-water lake in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. In a 1st step, the biomass of the zooplankton-fed fishes was reduced by trawling. Then, the amt. of predatory fishes in the lake was raised. The question is discussed whether a new stable trophical state could be reached in the stratified lake by the biomanipulation. The biomanipulation could only be successful, when the total external P contamination was < 0.5 g m-2 y-1 and when the amt. of sol. reactive P through the course of summer was < 0.15 mg L-1. The equil. between fishing of zooplankton-fed fishes and insertion of predatory fishes is discussed and the costs of such a biomanipulation expt. are calcd. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 134:30053661-5WaterAbteilung Limnologie Geschichteter Seen,Institut fur Gewasserokologie und Binnenfischerei im Forschungsverbund Berlin,Stechlin,Germany.Journal0722-7698written in German.


13397-26-7 (Calcite) Role: PEP (Physical, engineering or chemical process), PROC (Process) (biomanipulation in remediation of Feldberger Haussee (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany) in relation to content of)

Abstract: We conducted field observations on 13 eutrophic Wisconsin lakes

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 640Author: Kasprzak, P.; Lathrop, R. C.; Carpenter, S. R.Year: 1999Title: Influence of different sized Daphnia species on chlorophyll concentration and summer phytoplankton community structure in eutrophic Wisconsin lakesJournal: Journal of Plankton ResearchVolume: 21Issue: 11Pages: 2161-2174Alternate Journal: J.Plankton Res.Label: 24Keywords: LakesEutrophicationBody sizePhytoplanktonCommunity structureUSA, WisconsinEutrophic lakesEnvironmental impactSize distributionZooplanktonChlorophyllsCommunity compositionSummerDaphniaChlorophyllAlgaeSecchi DisksWater QualityDaphnia pulicariaDaphnia galeata mendotaeFreshwaterAbstract: We conducted field observations on 13 eutrophic Wisconsin lakes


dominated by either the larger bodied Daphnia pulicaria or the smaller bodied Daphnia galeata mendotae. While Daphnia numerical densities were not significantly different between groups of lakes, pulicaria lakes had much higher Daphnia biomasses and filtration potentials than galeata lakes. Although we found significant differences in chlorophyll (Chl) a between both groups of lakes during June, on a seasonal basis populations of different sized Daphnia were not associated with significant differences in Chl a. Filtration potential per se was the major determinant of Chl a, regardless of which Daphnia species dominated. However, in pulicaria lakes, the clear-water phase started earlier, lasted longer, and was usually characterized by greater Secchi disc readings than in galeata lakes. For large blue-green algae such as Aphanizomenon, D.pulicaria appeared to delay bloom conditions, but ultimately did not prevent the alga from growing. Our results suggest that high densities of large-sized Daphnia are a desirable goal of biomanipulation because they can attain filtration potentials high enough to increase summer water clarity in eutrophic lakes.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - NovTR: CS0006271M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Institute of Freshwater and Fish Ecology, Berlin, Germany, Department of Limnology, D-16775 Neuglobsow, Germany

Phytoplankton

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 641Author: Kamjunke, N.; Benndorf, A.; Wilbert, C.; Opitz, M.; Kranich, J.; Bollenbach, M.; Benndorf, J.Year: 1999Title: Bacteria ingestion by Daphnia galeata in a biomanipulated reservoir: a mechanism stabilizing biomanipulation?Journal: HydrobiologiaPages: Vol. 403, pAlternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 31Keywords: Food websEcosystem managementEnvironment managementLakesWater reservoirsPhytoplankton


Food availabilityFood organismsDietsFeeding behaviourGermany, Sachsen, Bautzen ReservoirReservoirsBacteriaDaphniaFood ChainsBehaviorAquatic bacteriaDaphnia galeataFreshwaterAbstract: We determined clearance rates and ingestion rates of Daphnia galeata on bacteria and phytoplankton in order to test if bacteria are an important alternative food resource for daphnids during periods of low phytoplankton biomass in the biomanipulated Bautzen reservoir (Germany). D. galeata was able to feed on bacteria with the same efficiency as on algae during most of the time. In spite of similar clearance rates, bacteria ingestion was usually lower than phytoplankton ingestion due to lower bacterial biomass. Only at low biomass of algae in late fall and during the clear water phase, bacteria contributed up to 87% and 42%, respectively, to total carbon ingestion of D. galeata. However, even a short period of relatively high bacteria grazing by daphnids may be important for biomanipulation. Bacteria might bridge over periods of food limitation of daphnids thus promoting the maintenance of high Daphnia biomass. Therefore, ingestion of bacteria by daphnids is thought to stabilize biomanipulation and may hold a key position in the food web of biomanipulated lakes.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - 109-121. MayTR: CS9921225M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Dept. Biology and Ecology of Fishes, P.O. Box 850119, D-12561 Berlin, Germany

Juha

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 512Author: Kairesalo, Timo; Laine, Sirpa; Luokkanen, Eira; Malinen, Tommi; Keto, Juha


61-5

Year: 1999Title: Direct and indirect mechanisms behind successful biomanipulationJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 395/396Pages: 99-106Accession Number: AN 1999:695267Keywords: Lake waters (eutrophic; remediation of eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi (Finland); Nutrients; Phosphors; Remediation (remediation of eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi (Finland); Cyanobacteria (remediation of eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi (Finland) in relation to content of)eutrophication lake water remediation nutrient Vesijarvi FinlandAbstract: Lake Vesijarvi is a large (length 25 km; total area 110 km2), shallow (mean depth 6 m), but stratified lake in southern Finland. The Enonselka basin (26 km2), surrounded by the city of Lahti, received its sewage effluent, and changed from a clear water basin with flourishing fisheries from the 1940-50s to 1 of the most eutrophic lake systems in Finland thereafter. In 1976, the sewage effluent was diverted, resulting in a temporary recovery of water quality. However, in the 1980s, massive surface scums of cyanobacteria degraded the water quality and arrested the recovery of the lake. A remediation strategy providing an ecol. sound basis for the management of the lake was initiated in 1987. This strategy involved biomanipulation (mass removal of coarse fish) together with conventional pollution control measures on discharges to the lake. Biomanipulation was chosen instead of much more expensive chem. and/or tech. methods, such as chem. treatment or dredging of the profundal sediment. The large-scale biomanipulation trial was carried out in the Enonselka basin during 1989-93. Following the mass removal of coarse fish (1000 metric tons of fish; mainly roach and smelt), the biomass of cyanobacteria collapsed concomitantly with a decline of total P concn. from 45 to 35 mg P m-3, and with an increase of Secchi depth from 1 m to 3.5 m. These obsd. improvements in the water quality were matched with a large decline in roach-mediated P movement from littoral to pelagial, from 100 mg P m-2 in 1989 to 15 mg P m-2 in 1993. Year-to-year variation within the littoral communities, and in the recruitment of fish, could in this way cause large oscillations in the whole ecosystem. The involvement of local people (fishermen, farmers etc.) in controlling non-point nutrient loading and fish stock development, is of prime importance for the long term success of lake remediation. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 131:31401461-5


WaterDepartment of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,University of Helsinki,Lahti,Finland.Journal0018-8158written in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a) Role: BSU (Biological study, unclassified), GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence) (remediation of eutrophic Lake Vesijarvi (Finland) in relation to content of)

Brazil

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 553Author: Jorgensen, S. E.Year: 1999Title: Recent trends in environmental and ecological modellingJournal: Anais da Academia Brasileira de CienciasVolume: 71Issue: 4 Pt 2Pages: 1017-35Accession Number: 2000147300Keywords: Ecosystem; *Environment; *Eutrophication; *Fresh Water; *Models, BiologicalAbstract: The paper outlines the history of modelling and presents a status of ecological modelling: what is the modelling effort of various ecosystem and various environmental problems. Typical validation results and prognosis validation results of a eutrophication model are applied as an illustration of what models can do in environmental management. Structural dynamic modelling which considers parameters that are changed currently by optimisation of a so-called goal function is presented as one of the recent development to overcome one of the most crucial problems in modelling, namely to consider adaptation. Two case studies are presented to illustrate this approach, namely application of biomanipulation and eutrophication of a shallow lake. Forecast on the directions of development is finally presented. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: DFH, Copenhagen, Denmark0001-3765Brazil


Journal; Article; (JOURNAL ARTICLE)English

modelling are presented: a shallow lake where the structural dynamic changes

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 477Author: Jorgensen, S. E.Year: 1999Title: State-of-the-art of ecological modelling with emphasis on development of structural dynamic modelsJournal: Ecological ModellingVolume: 120Issue: 2-3Pages: 75-96Date: Aug 17Alternate Journal: Ecol. Model.Accession Number: ISI:000082297000002Keywords: structural dynamic models; biological components; ecological modellinglake restoration; biomanipulation; manipulation; zooplankton;complexity; exergy; chaosAbstract: The paper deals with two major problems in ecological modelling today, namely how to get reliable parameters? and how to build ecosystem properties into our models? The use of new mathematical tools to answer these questions is mentioned briefly, but the main focus of the paper is on development of structural dynamic models which are models using goal functions to reflect a current change of the properties of the biological components in the models. These changes of the properties are due to the enormous adaptability of the biological components to the prevailing conditions. All species in an ecosystem attempt to obtain most biomass, i.e. to move as far away as possible from thermodynamic equilibrium which can be measured by the thermodynamic concept exergy. Consequently, exergy has been proposed as a goal function in ecological models with dynamic structure, meaning currently changed properties of the biological components and in model language currently changed parameters. An equation to compute an exergy index of a model is presented. The theoretical considerations leading to this equation are not presented here but references to literature where the basis theory can be found are given. Two case studies of structural dynamic modelling are presented: a shallow lake where the structural dynamic changes


JORGENSEN SE, 1997, INTEGRATION ECOSYSTE, P400

have been determined before the model was developed, and the application of biomanipulation in lake management, where the structural dynamic changes are generally known. Moreover. it is also discussed how the same idea of using exergy as a goal function in ecological modelling may be applied to facilitate the estimation of parameters. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.Notes: Cited Reference Count: 61Cited References: ALLEN PM, 1988, ECODYNAMICS, P2 BENNDORF J, 1987, SCHWEIZ Z HYDROL, V49, P237 BENNDORF J, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V200, P187 BOLTZMANN L, 1905, 2 LAW THERMODYNAMICS BROWN JH, 1995, MACROECOLOGY, P269 CARPENTER SR, 1985, BIOSCIENCE, V35, P639 CARPENTER SR, 1987, ECOLOGY, V68, P1863 DEBERNARDI R, 1989, ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMEN, P356 DEBERNARDI R, 1995, GUIDELINES LAKE MANA, V7, P211 FONTAINE TD, 1981, PROGR ECOLOGICAL ENG, P720 GIUSSANI G, 1995, GUIDELINES LAKE MANA, V7, P135 GIVNISH TJ, 1976, AM NAT, V110, P743 HOSPER SH, 1989, HYDROBIOL B, V73, P11 JEPPESEN E, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V200, P205 JORGENSEN SE, 1977, ECOL MODEL, V3, P39 JORGENSEN SE, 1982, SYSTEMS ENERGY, P176 JORGENSEN SE, 1986, ECOL MODEL, V31, P1 JORGENSEN SE, 1988, ECOL MODEL, V41, P117 JORGENSEN SE, 1990, ECOL MODEL, V52, P125 JORGENSEN SE, 1991, HDB ECOLOGICAL PARAM, P1320 JORGENSEN SE, 1992, ECOL MODEL, V62, P163 JORGENSEN SE, 1992, ECOL MODEL, V62, P195 JORGENSEN SE, 1994, ECOL MODEL, V75, P5 JORGENSEN SE, 1994, FUNDAMENTALS ECOLOGI, P630 JORGENSEN SE, 1994, VIE MILIEU, V44, P11 JORGENSEN SE, 1995, ECOL MODEL, V77, P99 JORGENSEN SE, 1995, HDB ENV ECOLOGICAL M, P672 JORGENSEN SE, 1995, J THEOR BIOL, V175, P13 JORGENSEN SE, 1996, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V323, P9 JORGENSEN SE, 1997, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V356, P87 JORGENSEN SE, 1997, INTEGRATION ECOSYSTE, P400


JORGENSEN SE, 1998, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V379, P147 JORGENSEN SE, 1998, LAKES RESERVOIRS RES, V3, P139 KAUFFMAN S, 1996, HOME UNIVERSE SEARCH, P320 KOMPARE B, 1995, THESIS DFH U PARK 2, P360 KOSCHEL R, 1993, VERH INT VER LIMNOL, V25, P647 LAMMENS EHR, 1988, LIMNOLOGICA BERLIN, V19, P81 LEWIN B, 1994, GENES, V5, P1272 LI WH, 1991, FUNDAMENTALS MOL EVO, P660 MARGALEF R, 1991, THEORETICAL STUDIES, P41 MEJER HF, 1979, STATE ART ECOLOGICAL, P866 MILLS EL, 1987, PREDATION DIRECT IND, P324 MOROWITZ HI, 1968, ENERGY FLOW BIOL, P180 MOROWITZ HI, 1992, BEGINNINGS CELLULAR, P260 NIELSEN SN, 1992, THESIS DFH, P51 PATTEN BC, 1997, ECOL MODEL, V100, P11 PETERS RH, 1983, ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATI, P286 SAS H, 1989, LAKE RESTORATION RED, P497 SCHEFFER M, 1990, SIMPLE MODELS USEFUL, P192 SCHINDLER DW, 1988, SCIENCE, V239, P149 SCHLESINGER WH, 1997, BIOGEOCHEMISTRY ANAL, P588 SCHOFFENIELS E, 1976, ANTICHANCE, P198 SHAPIRO J, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V200, P13 SHUGART HH, 1998, TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTE, P537 STERNER RW, 1989, PLANKTON ECOLOGY, P476 STRASKRABA M, 1979, ECOL MODEL, V6, P305 ULANOWICZ RE, 1986, GROWTH DEV ECOSYSTEM, P203 VANDONK E, 1989, HYDROBIOL B, V23, P19 WILLEMSEN J, 1980, HYDROBIOLOGICAL B, V14, P12 WOLFRAM S, 1984, NATURE, V311, P419 WOLFRAM S, 1984, SCI AM, V251, P140EnglishArticleECOL MODELURL: <Go to ISI>://000082297000002Author Address: DFH, Environm Chem, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.Jorgensen, SE, DFH, Environm Chem, Univ Pk 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.



Record Number: 516Author: Hosper, S. H.; Meijer, M. L.Year: 1999Title: Biomanipulation in shallow lakes: results of nine long-term case studies in the NetherlandsJournal: Mizu Kankyo GakkaishiVolume: 22Issue: 1Pages: 18-24Accession Number: AN 1999:137812Keywords: Cyanobacteria; Daphnia; Freshwater fish; Lake waters; Leptodora; Neomysis; Water pollution (biomanipulation in shallow lakes in Netherlands); Plant (macrophytic; biomanipulation in shallow lakes in Netherlands)biomanipulation shallow lake NetherlandsAbstract: Nine case studies in shallow lakes were evaluated for testing the applicability and perspectives of biomanipulation. It is concluded that a single substantial fish stock redn. (>75%) during winter, offers good chances for achieving clear water conditions in the spring. Filamentous cyanobacteria and the possible development of invertebrate predators (Neomysis, Leptodora) on Daphnia are uncertain factors for successful biomanipulation. Rapid colonization of submerged macrophytes (within 1-2 yr), stabilizing the clear water state, has been demonstrated in small lakes (<30 ha). High nutrient levels, ultimately, lead to destabilization and algal blooms. In large lakes the re-establishment of submerged vegetation takes more time. Six years after the fish removal the large lake Wolderwijd (2700 ha) shifted towards a macrophyte-dominated clear water state. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 130:27161461-2WaterInstitute for Inland Water Management and Waste Water Treatment,AA Lelystad,Neth.Journal0916-8958written in English.

Author: Hansson, L. A.; Bergman, E.; Editors

Reference Type: BookRecord Number: 510Author: Hansson, L. A.; Bergman, E.; Editors


Year: 1999Title: Nutrient Reduction and Biomanipulation as Tools to Improve Water Quality: The Lake Ringsjon Story. [In: Hydrobiologia, 1999; 404]Number of Pages: 156 ppAccession Number: AN 2000:31192Keywords: Remediation (bioremediation; nutrient redn. and biomanipulation as tools to improve water quality of Lake Ringsjon); Water pollution (nutrient redn. and biomanipulation as tools to improve water quality of Lake Ringsjon)book nutrient redn biomanipulation water quality Lake RingsjonNotes: CAN 132:15640461-2WaterNeth.Bookwritten in English.

known aspects of cyanobacteria bloom ecology (such as the roles of nutrient

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 560Author: Elser, J. J.Year: 1999Title: The pathway to noxious cyanobacteria blooms in lakes: the food web as the final turnJournal: Freshwater BiologyVolume: 42Issue: 3Pages: 537-543Date: NovAccession Number: ISI:000083843900012Keywords: cascading trophic interactions; phytoplankton; zooplankton; nitrogen;lake-227; stoichiometry; n-2-fixation; history; ecology; ratioAbstract: I. Cyanobacteria blooms have long been the focus of limnological research as they often represent the 'end member' of limnological deterioration under various human impacts. Research over the past several decades has greatly illuminated the ecological factors promoting cyanobacteria blooms but controversy and confusion surround the successful integration of this diverse body of work. 2. In this opinion article I attempt to integrate well-known aspects of cyanobacteria bloom ecology (such as the roles of nutrient


MACKAY NA, 1998, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V43, P347

loading, N:P ratio, and mixing conditions) with more recent developments that highlight the importance of feedbacks within the food web in regulating cyanobacteria blooms. Food-web feedbacks involving stoichiometric mechanisms appear to be particularly important, as accumulating data indicate that the food web influences cyanobacteria not just by regulating the rate of grazing mortality. Rather, trophic interactions may also regulate cyanobacteria dynamics by altering the consumer-driven nutrient recycling regime in a way that shifts the competitive advantage away from cyanobacteria. 3. Viewed in this way, cyanobacteria blooms can be seen as probabilistic events that are the end result of a series of key mechanisms involving nutrient loading, physical mixing conditions, and trophic interactions. To successfully manage lake water quality we should take advantage of each node of contingency leading to undesirable blooms. In doing so we will also have a more coherent scientific message to communicate with those directly involved with the socioeconomic politics of water quality decision making.Notes: Cited References: ANDERSEN T, 1991, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V36, P807 ANDERSEN T, 1997, PELAGIC NUTR CYCLES BRETT MT, 1996, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V93, P7723 CARPENTER SR, 1985, BIOSCIENCE, V35, P634 DAVIDOWICZ P, 1988, LIMNOLOGICA, V19, P21 DINI ML, 1993, TROPHIC CASCADE LAKE, P153 ELSER JJ, 1991, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V36, P64 ELSER JJ, 1996, BIOSCIENCE, V46, P674 ELSER JJ, 1999, ECOLOGY, V80, P735 FINDLAY DL, 1994, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V51, P2254 GLIWICZ ZM, 1990, BIOMANIPULATION TOOL, P83 GULATI RD, 1990, P C HELD AMST NETH K HARPER D, 1992, EUTROPHICATION FRESH HARRIS GP, 1994, FRESHWATER BIOL, V32, P143 HECKY RE, 1994, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V51, P2243 HENDERSONSELLER.B, 1987, DECAYING LAKES ORIGI HENDZEL LL, 1994, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V51, P2247 HESSEN DO, 1997, OIKOS, V79, P195 HYENSTRAND P, 1998, ARCH HYDROBIOL SPEC, V51, P41 KITCHELL JF, 1993, TROPHIC CASCADE LAKE, P332 KITCHELL JFE, 1902, FOOD WEB MANAGEMENT LORENZEN MW, 1975, J AM WATER WORKS ASS, V67, P373 MACKAY NA, 1998, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V43, P347


MCQUEEN DJ, 1988, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V159, P277 OCHUMBA PBO, 1989, AFRICAN J ECOLOGY, V27, P223 PAERL HW, 1988, GROWTH REPROD STRATE, P261 REYNOLDS CS, 1975, BIOL REV, V50, P437 ROBARTS RD, 1984, J PLANKTON RES, V6, P91 SAS H, 1989, LAKE RESTORATION RED SCHINDLER DW, 1973, J FISH RES BOARD CAN, V30, P1415 SHAPIRO J, 1984, FRESHWATER BIOL, V14, P371 SMITH VH, 1983, SCIENCE, V221, P669 SMITH VH, 1999, IN PRESS ARCH HYDROB STERNER RW, 1990, AM NAT, V136, P209 STERNER RW, 1992, BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, V17, P49 TILMAN D, 1982, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V13, P349 TILMAN D, 1982, RESOURCE COMPETITION VANNI MJ, 1990, NATURE, V344, P333 VOLLENWEIDER RA, 1976, MEM I ITAL IDROBIOL, V33, P53 WALSBY AE, 1972, BACTERIOL REV, V36, P1URL: <Go to ISI>://000083843900012

Lake reclamation

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 642Author: Drenner, R. W.; Hambright, K. D.Year: 1999Title: Biomanipulation of fish assemblages as a lake restoration techniqueJournal: Archiv fuer HydrobiologieVolume: 146Issue: 2Pages: 129-165Alternate Journal: Arch.Hydrobiol.Label: 32Keywords: Literature reviewsStock assessmentPopulation controlFreshwater fishPlankton feedersFreshwater crustaceansBiomanipulationLake reclamation


Water qualityEutrophic lakesFreshwater lakesUSA, Michigan, Wintergreen L.Canada, Ontario, Lake 21abundancebenthoszooplanktonDaphniaEuropeFreshwaterAbstract: We searched the limnological literature to assess the success of biomanipulation projects with respect to improvement of water quality in culturally eutrophic lakes and reservoirs. We reviewed 41 biomanipulation experiments (from 63 published papers/books) involving the reduction of zooplanktivorous and benthivorous fish abundances in 39 lakes. We divided the experiments into five categories based on the type of biomanipulation performed: piscivore stocking, piscivore stocking + partial fish removal, partial fish removal, elimination of fish, and elimination of fish followed by restocking. We judged success (consistently successful, partially successful, unsuccessful) by changes in water quality variables; primarily phytoplankton or chlorophyll biomass and water transparency, during the post-implementation period of each study. The percentage of consistently successful manipulations varied with approach: piscivore stocking (28.6%), piscivore stocking + partial fish removal (60.0%), partial fish removal (90.0%), elimination of fish (40.0%), and elimination of fish followed by restocking (66.7%). Overall, 61% of the biomanipulations were consistently successful in improving water quality, with most successful attempts involving small, shallow lakes (<25 ha, mean depth <3 m). Only 14.6% of the biomanipulations were unsuccessful in improving water quality for at least one year. Biomanipulations resulting in increased abundances of Daphnia and macrophytes were most likely to achieve stable clear water states and maintain improved water quality.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Incl. bibliogr.: 99 refs.; TR: BF0000771M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Biology Department, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA



Saxony, biomanipulation led to structural changes in the phytoplankton

Record Number: 643Author: Deppe, T.; Ockenfeld, K.; Meybohm, A.; Opitz, M.; Benndorf, J.Year: 1999Title: Reduction of Microcystis blooms in a hypertrophic reservoir by a combined ecotechnological strategyJournal: HydrobiologiaPages: Vol. 408/409, pAlternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 27Keywords: HypertrophyReservoirsAlgal bloomsManagementPhytoplanktonCommunity compositionGermanyPhosphorusNutrients (mineral)Water reservoirsBiological poisonsNoxious organismsToxicityPopulation controlEcosystem managementEnvironment managementGermany, SaxonyMicrocystisAlgal ControlShallow WaterTechnologyDiatomsEutrophicationWater TreatmentComparison StudiesCarbon DioxideMicrocystis aeruginosaGermany, Sachsen, Bautzen ReservoirAbstract: In Bautzen reservoir, a shallow, hypertrophic water in Eastern Saxony, biomanipulation led to structural changes in the phytoplankton


community but did not reduce algal biomass. To supplement the top-down management, a new type of water treatment technology was tested during two seasons (May-August 1996/1997), aiming at the bottom-up control of mass developments of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. The technology is based on a combined lake-internal phosphorus precipitation and a transport of hypolimnetic water rich in free carbon dioxide into the upper layers. During the treatment periods, there were found both an increase of CO sub({2)} concentrations in the mixed layer and an extension of the period in which free CO sub({2)} was detected in the epilimnion. The concentrations of phosphorus could be lowered drastically in the whole water body. Microcystis was almost totally suppressed (1996) or appeared with a delay (1997) compared to the regular annual pattern observed before the treatment. In contrast to the preceding year (1995), diatoms played a major role in the summer phytoplankton during the treatment years (1996/1997). The two application periods are compared with respect to the influence of meteorologically determined variables.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - 31-38. AugTR: CS0011061M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dresden University of Technology, Institute of Hydrobiology, D-01062 Dresden, Germany., [mailto:[email protected]]

limitation in Daphnia and evidence from long-term study of hypereutrophic

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 513Author: DeMott, William R.; Gulati, Ramesh D.Year: 1999Title: Phosphorus limitation in Daphnia: Evidence from a long term study of three hypereutrophic Dutch lakesJournal: Limnology and OceanographyVolume: 44Issue: 6Pages: 1557-1564Accession Number: AN 1999:593135Keywords: Cyanobacteria (Filamentous; phosphorus limitation in Daphnia and evidence from long-term study of hypereutrophic Dutch lakes); Copepod (cyclopoid; phosphorus limitation in Daphnia and evidence from long-term study of hypereutrophic Dutch lakes); Geological sediments (detrital; phosphorus limitation in Daphnia and evidence from long-term study of hypereutrophic


evidence from long-term study of hypereutrophic Dutch lakes)

Dutch lakes); Lake waters (eutrophic; phosphorus limitation in Daphnia and evidence from long-term study of hypereutrophic Dutch lakes); Bosmina; Daphnia; Daphnia cucullata; Phytoplankton; Seston; Zooplankton (phosphorus limitation in Daphnia and evidence from long-term study of hypereutrophic Dutch lakes); Freshwater fish (planktivorous; phosphorus limitation in Daphnia and evidence from long-term study of hypereutrophic Dutch lakes)phosphorus Daphnia hypereutrophic lake NetherlandsAbstract: The Loosdrecht lakes comprise 3 shallow, interconnected hypereutrophic lakes in the Netherlands. A lake restoration project conducted during the 1980s resulted in reduced P loading. However, no changes in phytoplankton abundance or species compn. were noted, although seston C:P ratios increased. Filamentous cyanobacteria and detritus continued to dominate the seston. Planktivorous fish were very abundant. Relations between zooplankton abundance and seston abundance and stoichiometry (C:P and C:N ratios) were analyzed using data collected during 9 yr of intensive study of the 3 lakes. Anal. based on annual means shows surprisingly strong and consistent inverse relations between Daphnia abundance and the seston C:P ratio for 2 of the 3 lakes. In these 2 lakes (Loosdrecht and Vuntus Lakes), the annual mean abundance of Daphnia cucullata ranged from 104 to 0.7 individuals/L over a range in mean seston C:P ratios from about 250 to 500 (molar). In the 3rd lake, Breukeleveen, Daphnia abundance was higher for a given seston C:P ratio, esp. during the 2 yr following a biomanipulation project in this lake. Anal. of seston C:P ratios and Daphnia abundance in individual samples provides further evidence that high seston C:P ratios constrained Daphnia abundance in all 3 lakes. In contrast to Daphnia, the abundances of zooplankters with low P requirements, including Bosmina spp. and cyclopoid copepods, show little relation to seston C:P ratios. Results suggest that the abundance of Daphnia in the Loosdrecht lakes was detd. by the variable P content of their diets and consistently strong fish predation. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 131:26216361-1WaterCentre for Limnology,Netherlands Inst. of Ecol.,Nieuwersluis,Neth.Journal0024-3590written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (phosphorus limitation in Daphnia and evidence from long-term study of hypereutrophic Dutch lakes)


Microcystis flos-aquae

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 645Author: Cronberg, G.; Annadotter, H.; Lawton, L. A.Year: 1999Title: The occurrence of toxic blue-green algae in Lake Ringsjoen, southern Sweden, despite nutrient reduction and fish biomanipulationJournal: HydrobiologiaPages: Vol. 404, pAlternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 30Keywords: Sweden, Ringsjoen L.AlgaeCyanophytaWater Quality ControlEutrophicationNutrientsToxinsBiological poisonsFreshwater fishTrophic relationshipsToxicity testsAlgal bloomsEcosystem managementNutrients (mineral)Environment managementNoxious organismsRestorationEutrophic lakesEnvironmental restorationLakesSwedenSweden, Malmoehus, Ringsjoen L.Aphanizomenon klebahniiWoronichinia naegelianaMicrocystis wesenbergiiMicrocystis botrysMicrocystis flos-aquae


Microcystis viridisMicrocystisbiomanipulationAbstract: Algal nuisance blooms have occurred during summers for more than 40 years in Lake Ringsjoen, southern Sweden. Cattle deaths were recorded in connection with a high biomass of blue-green algae as early as 1968. A mouse bioassay in the 1980s confirmed the occurrence of hepatotoxic algae. In 1995, phytoplankton biomass and microcystin concentrations were measured. A mouse bioassay was carried out simultaneously showing that from the end of June, when the blue-green algae appeared, and until their disappearance at the end of October, the blooms were hepatotoxic. The blue-green alga Microcystis wesenbergii dominated over most of this period, although, Microcystis botrys, M. flos-aquae, M. viridis, Aphanizomenon klebahnii and Woronichinia naegeliana also occurred frequently. However, the algal toxicity was not related with any specific alga or with any of the measured parameters. The highest toxin production was measured in July, although the blue-green algal biomass was low at that time.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - 123-129. 1 JunTR: CS0007519M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Limnology, Institute of Ecology, Ecology Building, University of Lund, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden

cyanobacterial bloom prevention review; light control cyanobacterial bloom

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 232Author: Chorus, Ingrid; Mur, LuucYear: 1999Title: Preventative measuresJournal: Toxic Cyanobacteria in WaterPages: 235-273Accession Number: AN 2000:299998Keywords: Cyanobacteria; Light; Nutrients (plant nutrient and light control and internal measures to prevent surface water cyanobacterial blooms and subsequent pollution); Water pollution (surface water; plant nutrient and light control and internal measures to prevent surface water cyanobacterial blooms and subsequent pollution)review surface water pollution cyanobacterial bloom; nutrient control cyanobacterial bloom prevention review; light control cyanobacterial bloom


prevention reviewAbstract: A review with 66 refs. concerning measures to prevent formation of cyanobacterial blooms, particularly plant nutrients and light, is given. Topics discussed include: carrying capacity (N, P, available light energy); target values for total P within water bodies; target values for P input to water bodies; sources and redn. of external nutrient inputs (domestic wastewater, agriculture and erosion, drinking water reservoir inlet treatment); and internal measures for nutrient and cyanobacterial control (in-lake P pptn., sediment dredging and P binding, bottom water withdrawal from hypolimnion, flushing redn., hydrophys. measures, biomanipulation [increasing grazing pressure, enhanced competition by macrophyte introduction, general assessment], algicides, barley straw, other approaches). [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 132:32560061-0WaterInstitute for Water, Soil and Air Hygiene,Federal Environmental Agency,Berlin,Germany.Conference; General Reviewwritten in English.

Biomass

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 646Author: Bergman, E.; Hansson, L. -A; Persson, A.; Strand, J.; Romare, P.; Enell, M.; Graneli, W.; Svensson, J. M.; Hamrin, S. F.; Cronberg, G.; Andersson, G.; Bergstrand, E.Year: 1999Title: Synthesis of theoretical and empirical experiences from nutrient and cyprinid reductions in Lake RingsjoenJournal: HydrobiologiaPages: Vol. 404, pAlternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 29Keywords: Sweden, Ringsjon L.LakesNutrientsPollution LoadWater Quality ControlBiomass


an increase in phosphorus loading. An unexpected effect of the biomanipulation

Food ChainsFish PopulationsRestorationPhytoplanktonTrophodynamic cyclePhosphorusEcosystem managementEnvironment managementZooplanktonFreshwater fishPopulation dynamicsZoobenthosAquatic birdsWater transparencyEutrophic lakesNutrient concentrationsTurbidityFood websEnvironmental restorationSwedenAbramis bramaPiscesAlgaeInvertebrataSweden, Malmoehus, Ringsjoen L.biomanipulationAbstract: The reduction in external phosphorus load to Lake Ringsjoen during the 1980s, did not result in improved water transparency during the following ten-year period. Furthermore, a fish-kill in the Eastern Basin of the lake, in addition to a cyprinid reduction programme (biomanipulation; 1988-1992), in contrast to theory, did not lead to any increase in zooplankton biomass or size. This absence of response in the pelagic food chain may have been attributed to the increase in abundance of YOY (0+) fish, following the fish reduction programme. Despite the lack of effect on zooplankton, there was a decrease in phytoplankton biomass, a change in species composition and an increase in water transparency following biomanipulation. In 1989, one year after the fish-kill in Eastern Basin, the Secchi depth (summer mean) increased from 60 cm to 110 cm. In the following years, water transparency increased further, despite an increase in phosphorus loading. An unexpected effect of the biomanipulation


was an increase in benthic invertebrate and staging waterfowl abundances, which occurred 2-4 years after fish reduction. Hence, the response in the benthic community following biomanipulation was considerably stronger than in the pelagic community. A likely explanation is that reduction in abundance of the benthic feeding fish species bream (Abramis brama), strongly affected the benthic invertebrate fauna. In this paper, we present what we believe happened in Lake Ringsjoen, and which processes are likely to have been important at various stages of the restoration process.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - 145-156. 1 JunTR: CS0007521M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Biology, Karlstad University, S-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden

the food chain on lower trophic levels. We describe how these different theories

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 509Author: Bergman, Eva; Hansson, Lars-Anders; Andersson, GunnarYear: 1999Title: Biomanipulation in a theoretical and historical perspectiveJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 404Pages: 53-58Accession Number: AN 2000:39792Keywords: Lake sediments; Lake waters; Water pollution (biomanipulation in theor. and historical perspective); Environmental pollution (sediment; biomanipulation in theor. and historical perspective)lake biomanipulation theor historical perspectiveAbstract: In limnol., nutrients have historically been regarded as main regulators of the ecosystem; i.e., organisms in lakes were seen as regulated from the bottom of the food chain. Long after the seminal works of Hairston et al. (1960), Hrbacek et al. (1961) and Brooks & Dodson (1965) this bottom-up view prevailed. It was not until the late 1970s and 1980s that these new theories gained recognition, considering the top-down effect; i.e., the impact of predation on lower trophic levels. The decision to subject Lake Ringsjon to biomanipulation was based on the fact that the P redns. accomplished during the 1970s did not have the pos. effects expected. In addn., several theories had been proposed which predicted the effects of manipulations at the top of the food chain on lower trophic levels. We describe how these different theories


influenced us at the time the studies of Lake Ringsjon in Sweden were initiated, and how difficult it may be to convert scientific theories into large-scale manipulations. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 132:8314861-2WaterDepartment of Limnology, Institute of Ecology, Ecology Building,University of Lund,Lund,Swed.Journal0018-8158written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (biomanipulation in theor. and historical perspective)

the amt. of predatory fish which decreases the population of nonpredatory fish,

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 514Author: Benndorf, Jurgen; Grosse, NorbertYear: 1999Title: Relationship between fish inventory and water quality in dam reservoirsJournal: Gewaesserschutz, Wasser, AbwasserVolume: 172Issue: 32. Essener Tagung fuer Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, 1999Pages: 41/1-41/15Accession Number: AN 1999:402123Keywords: Water purification (biol. filtration; influence of fish inventory in dam reservoirs on effectiveness of); Reservoir waters (impoundment; relationship between fish inventory and water quality in dam reservoirs); Freshwater fish; Water pollution (relationship between fish inventory and water quality in dam reservoirs)water quality control fish population phytoplankton dam reservoir; review biomanipulation water quality reservoir lake fish populationAbstract: The influence of the fish populations as a biomanipulation measure to regulate the water quality, visibility depth, and the phytoplankton population was investigated in 22 reservoirs with varying nutrient levels and hydrog. The useful control of fish populations in reservoirs and lakes is also discussed. This work is preceded by a review of biomanipulation, whereby the aim is to increase the amt. of predatory fish which decreases the population of nonpredatory fish,


increases the amt. of large zooplankton, decreases the amt. of large phytoplankton, and thus leads to a good water quality. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 131:6304361-2WaterInstitut Hydrobiologie,Technische Univ. Dresden,Dresden,Germany.Journal; General Review0342-6068written in German.

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 517Author: Asaeda, TakashiYear: 1999Title: Mathematical analysis on biomanipulationJournal: Mizu Kankyo GakkaishiVolume: 22Issue: 1Pages: 8-12Accession Number: AN 1999:137804Keywords: Ecosystem; Lake waters; Simulation and Modeling; Water pollution (math. modeling of biomanipulation for lake water quality assessment)review biomanipulation modeling lake water quality assessmentAbstract: A review with 31 refs. on biomanipulation modeling using ecosystem components as parameters for lake water quality assessment. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 130:28645261-0WaterGraduate School of Science Engineering,Saitama University,Japan.Journal; General Review0916-8958written in Japanese.

Author: Wissel, B.; Benndorf, J.

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 647Author: Wissel, B.; Benndorf, J.


experimental lake than in the reference lake, although no evident differences in

Year: 1998Title: Contrasting effects of the invertebrate predator Chaoborus obscuripes and planktivorous fish on plankton communities of a long term biomanipulation experimentJournal: Archiv fuer HydrobiologieVolume: 143Issue: 2Pages: 129-146Alternate Journal: Arch.Hydrobiol.Label: 40Keywords: PredationControlled conditionsBiomassAbundanceFreshwater lakesDaphniaChaoborus flavicansChaoborus obscuripesGermany, Sachsenprimary productionplankton feederswater temperaturedissolved oxygenphytoplanktonFreshwaterAbstract: In a long-term biomanipulation-experiment, started in 1979, all planktivorous fish were removed from an experimental lake while a reference lake was left unmanipulated. The intermediate response was characterized by a strong increase in both Daphnia biovolume and size, and an increase in the abundance of the invertebrate predator Chaoborus flavicans. After 12 years, the larger and darker C. obscuripes, typical of fishless lakes, successfully colonized and displaced the smaller species C. flavicans within three years. Subsequently in 1995, zooplankton biovolume and size decreased dramatically, caused by heavy predation of C. obscuripes on all zooplankton from small rotifers to large daphnids. Zooplankton biovolume was substantially lower than in an adjacent reference lake dominated by planktivorous fish. In the reference lake also most of the crustaceans were eliminated but a high biovolume of rotifers remained. Phytoplankton biovolume was considerably higher in the experimental lake than in the reference lake, although no evident differences in


primary production and Secchi could be detected between the two lakes. We clearly showed that the total absence of planktivorous fish can lead to worse water quality (in terms of phytoplankton biovolume) than a very high biovolume of planktivorous fish.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Incl. bibliogr.: 63 refs.; TR: BF9900723M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 515Author: Mietz, OlafYear: 1998Title: Use of environmental technologies for remediation of lakes and presentation of the example of flushing and dilution at Great Seddin Lake (Brandenburg)Journal: Schriftenreihe des Deutschen Verbandes fuer Wasserwirtschaft und KulturbauVolume: 122Issue: Zukunftsfaehige Schutzstrategien der WasserwirtschaftPages: 195-221Accession Number: AN 1999:355366Keywords: Lakes (use of environmental technologies for remediation of lakes)lake restoration GermanyAbstract: The application of biomanipulation (fish farming) and flushing for the improvement of the trophic status of lakes in Brandenburg (Germany) is discussed. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 131:4900561-2WaterSeddiner See,Germany.Journal0170-8147written in German.



dependent on whether the aquatic environments comprise deep lakes that

Author: McQueen, D. J.Year: 1998Title: Freshwater food web biomanipulation: A powerful tool for water quality improvement, but maintenance is requiredJournal: Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and ManagementVolume: 3Issue: 2Pages: 83-94Alternate Journal: Lakes Reserv.: Res.Manage.Label: 34Keywords: Food ChainsMaintenanceBenefitsAlgal ControlLake RestorationBiomassMacrophytesPopulation DynamicsPredationLakesFood websEcosystem managementEnvironment managementBioturbationPollution controlWater pollution treatmentEutrophic lakesPhytoplanktonbiomanipulationplanktivorepiscivorebenthosFreshwaterAbstract: Experiences with lake food web biomanipulation have involved three basic biomanipulation types, repeated in two freshwater environments with distinctly different physio-chemical characteristics. The manipulation types are planktivore additions, complete planktivore removals and planktivore control through piscivore addition. The efficacy of these manipulations is strongly dependent on whether the aquatic environments comprise deep lakes that


stratify, or shallow lakes and ponds that are not subject to extended periods of summer stratification. The general results of these six biomanipulation categories are that planktivore additions to stratified lakes almost invariably result in reduced grazer biomasses and increased algal densities. Planktivore additions in shallow lakes or ponds also result in more algae, with the modes of action including: increased bioturbation, decreased grazer biomass and reductions in macrophytes. Planktivore removals in deep stratified lakes frequently result in initial food webNotes: TY - JOURY2 - JunTR: CS9820371M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Biology, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada

Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 522Author: McCord, Stephen A.; Kollar, Johanna L.; Huang, Te-Chou A.Year: 1998Title: Lake and reservoir managementJournal: Water Environment ResearchVolume: 70Issue: 4Pages: 767-780Accession Number: AN 1998:452981Keywords: Lake waters; Reservoir waters (lake and reservoir water quality, management, and operation)review lake reservoir managementAbstract: A review with 226 refs. concerning lake and reservoir management is given. Topics discussed include: general; water quality (macrophytes, nutrients, dissolved O, acidification, stratification, eutrophication, sedimentation); reservoir operations (hydropower, optimization); lake models; remediation and restoration measures; biota (trophic interactions, biomanipulation, bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, fisheries, mammals, modeling biota); and climate effects. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 129:11296361-0WaterCivil and Environmental Engineering at the University of


California,Davis,CA,USA.Journal; General Review1061-4303written in English.

no major obstacles were found in this review. The previous doubts stimulated

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 649Author: Matveev, V.Year: 1998Title: Evidence for biotic control of Australian reservoir phytoplankton communities and the potential for applied biomanipulationJournal: Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and ManagementVolume: 3Issue: 2Pages: 105-111Alternate Journal: Lakes Reserv.: Res.Manage.Label: 36Keywords: AustraliaReservoirsCopepodsFood ChainsPlanktonGrazingPhytoplanktonZooplanktonCyanophytaCrustaceansAcousticsBiomassFishInterspecific relationshipsTrophic structureLakesReservoirs (water)biomanipulationAbstract: Although some concerns have been expressed with respect to the applicability of biomanipulation to Australian reservoirs and other inland waters, no major obstacles were found in this review. The previous doubts stimulated


research, which has provided evidence for unexpected mechanisms of food web interactions, such as positive effects of small copepods on planktonic algae, higher than usual grazing potential of cladoceran communities, and direct positive effects of planktivores on phytoplankton. Further research into zooplankton-cyanobacteria interactions should indicate how widespread is the previously reported ability of some southern hemisphere crustaceans to benefit at a population level from feeding on cyanobacteria. Quantitative fisheries acoustics, which has not been widely used in biomanipulation trials before, is a promising new tool in the assessment of the biomass of planktivorous fish in the pelagic zone of reservoirs.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - JunTR: CS9818679M1 - JournalAuthor Address: CSIRO Land & Water, 120 Meiers Rd., Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia

because of ammonia concns. between 1.5-4.0 mg/L fish kills often occurred. In

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 518Author: Kruspe, Andreas; Luederitz, VolkerYear: 1998Title: Redevelopment and restoration measures for lake Elsterstausee (Leipzig), GermanyJournal: Acta Hydrochimica et HydrobiologicaVolume: 26Issue: 6Pages: 362-373Accession Number: AN 1998:804474Keywords: Lake waters; Water purification; Water reservoirs (redevelopment and restoration measures for lake Elsterstausee, Germany); Eutrophication (redevelopment and restoration measures for lake Elsterstausee, Germany, in relation to)eutrophication lake water purifn GermanyAbstract: Lake Elsterstausee is an artificial lake in the south of the town Leipzig. Between 1970-1991, the lake was used for intensive fishery. Because of fish feeding and supplying the lake with highly nutrient loaded water from river Elster the waterbody was in a polytrophic state during this time. Secchi depth seldom exceeded 0.4 m, but pH values often exceeded 9. Therefore and because of ammonia concns. between 1.5-4.0 mg/L fish kills often occurred. In


1991, a complete program for redevelopment and restoration of the lake started. The main measures were the total exchange of trophic loaded water and the only supply with treated groundwater, the decrease of fish populations, in 1991 140 tons of fish (90% carps) were removed from the lake, the development of healthy wild fish populations and of a eutrophication diminishing food chain, and the development of a reed zone almost around the lake. The groundwater treatment was steadily improved between 1992 and 1996. The following optimized system works: Drained groundwater from the surface lignite mine Zwenkau (pH = 6.95) and percolating water from the heaps (pH = 3.01) are mixed in the proportion 1: 1 after intensive aeration. In the well-diversified ditch, ?90% of Fe is removed by pptn. and filtration effect of submerged macrophytes and filamentous algae. In the same time, deacidification occurs primarily by sulfate redn. in the sediment. The water had a pH of 4.64 immediately after mixing, this value enhanced up to the end of the flowing distance to 7.3. Internal restoration of the lake started in Nov. 1991 with the total removal of loaded water and of almost all carps and white fishes. In 1993, 4000 carnivore fishes (zanders, pikes, welses) were given into the lake to keep white fish populations on a low level. Addnl., every year between 5-7 kg of water fleas (Daphnia sp.) were added. By means of this initial biomanipulation, food chain in lake Elsterstausee was stabilized. As results of the above mentioned measures, nutrient content in the waterbody decreased and secchi depth increased steadily. Between 1991 and 1997, trophy degree according to Klapper developed from 5 (hypertrophic) to 3 (eutrophic). [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 130:2898661-5WaterSport- Baederamt Stadt Leipzig,Leipzig,Germany.Journal0323-4320written in German.

Volume: 369/370

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 519Author: Komirkova, J.Year: 1998Title: Fish stock as a variable modifying trophic pattern of phytoplanktonJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 369/370


Pages: 139-152Accession Number: AN 1998:659307Keywords: Algae; Alkalinity; Freshwater fish; Lake waters; Phytoplankton; Zooplankton (fish stock as variable modifying trophic pattern of phytoplankton)fish trophic lake phytoplanktonAbstract: Fish stock, zooplankton, chlorophyll a concn., algal biomass (fresh mass), phytoplankton compn., species dominance and diversity (Shannon-Weaver Index and equitability) were evaluated to demonstrate their relevance in the trophic gradient at the levels of eutrophy and hypertrophy. Two patterns of food-web connectedness between phytoplankton and fish stock can be detected. One is direct (phytoplankton is mainly consumed directly by herbivorous or omnivorous fish) another one indirect (phytoplankton is consumed by zooplankton, which is regulated by the fish stock). Release of nutrients from fecal pellets and from the bottom due to the feeding activity of fish in shallow waters provide further feedbacks to the enhancement of phytoplankton growth. Changes in the predation pressure and bioturbation, as a consequence of shallowness, may be a source of intermediate disturbance which might promote phytoplankton diversity. Results from managed fish ponds, from reservoirs before and after biomanipulation and examples from a tropical lake Catemaco confirm that the compn. of phytoplankton is influenced, to varying degrees, by the nature and intensity of predation. Changes in fish stock can have both pos. and neg. effects on the transparency, concn. of nutrients and abundance of phytoplankton. Taxonomic compn. and diversity of phytoplankton are affected differently, the effect being often the opposite from that predicted. Thus, in a water body with an unbalanced fish stock, using phytoplankton characteristics as the only criteria for identification of the trophic status can give incorrect information. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 130:4285561-1WaterHydrobiological Institute ASCR,Ceske Budgjovice,Czech Rep.Journal0018-8158written in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (fish stock as variable modifying trophic pattern of phytoplankton)


CSIRO Land and Water,Indooroopilly,Australia.

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 523Author: Jones, Gary J.; Poplawski, WojciechYear: 1998Title: Understanding and management of cyanobacterial blooms in sub-tropical reservoirs of Queensland, AustraliaJournal: Water Science and TechnologyVolume: 37Issue: 2, Reservoir Management and Water Supply: An Integrated SystemPages: 161-168Accession Number: AN 1998:258369Keywords: Cyanobacteria; Eutrophication; Lake sediments; Water pollution (understanding and management of cyanobacterial blooms in subtropical reservoirs of Queensland, Australia)cyanobacteria bloom eutrophication subtropical reservoirAbstract: A three year study of two sub-tropical water supply (potable and irrigation) reservoirs - Baroon Pocket and Leslie - aimed to develop an improved understanding and effective management strategy for the control of low level toxic cyanobacterial \"blooms\". The two reservoirs appear to be typical of those elsewhere in tropical and sub-tropical Australia, being strongly stratified and monomictic if deep, or polymictic to monomictic (depending on inter-annual climatic variation) if shallow. In both reservoirs, thermal stratification appeared to be the key factor influencing the onset and demise of cyanobacteria blooms. Hypolimnetic deoxygenation was rapid during periods of stratification, and high rates of nitrogen and phosphorus release from bottom sediments occurred during anoxia. External nutrient inputs were dominated by episodic storm in-flows following the passing of (sub)tropical depressions, carrying massive sediment and nutrient loads into the reservoirs. As a consequence of this, and coupled with the high degree of internal nutrient recycling and the low national targets for cyanobacterial control in Australia, we believe that redn. of external nutrient inputs alone, through improved catchment management, may not be sufficient to prevent cyanobacterial blooms. Therefore, more emphasis should be given to \"in-lake\" control strategies such as destratification, biomanipulation and in situ sediment treatment. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 128:26148161-2WaterCSIRO Land and Water,Indooroopilly,Australia.


Journal0273-1223written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (understanding and management of cyanobacterial blooms in subtropical reservoirs of Queensland, Australia)

probable?' will probably require the development of model which takes into

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 650Author: Joergensen, S. E.; De Bernardi, R.Year: 1998Title: The use of structural dynamic models to explain successes and failures of biomanipulationJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 379Issue: 1-3Pages: 147-158Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 39Keywords: Ecosystem modelsLakesBioremediationEnvironmental restorationDominant speciesZooplanktonPhosphorusBody sizeNutrients (mineral)Lake dynamicsEcosystem managementAbstract: A development of a structural dynamic model, i.e. a model with current change of the most important parameters according to a goal function, is presented with the aim to explain the structural changes observed in lakes, when the nutrient concentration is increased or decreased. This type of models may be important in lake management as it may be possible qualitatively to predict the success or failure of biomanipulation. The answer to the crucial question: at which phosphorus level will the success of biomanipulation be most probable?' will probably require the development of model which takes into


account site specific processes and properties, i.e., a more complicated model. As goal function is proposed the thermodynamic function, exergy, which is defined as the work content of the system (model) compared with the system at thermodynamic equilibrium. It is shown that the structural dynamic modelling approach has been able to explain the shift from large to small zooplankton species at a certain level of phosphorus concentration, accompanied by a shifts from a dominance of zooplankton, and predatory fish to a system dominated by planktivorous fish and phytoplankton. The shift in zooplankton species cannot be explained by application of catastrophe theoretical models, which have been used to explain the hysteresis reaction. The results show that the shift should be expected at approximately 0.12 mg P l super(-1) and that a typical hysteresis reaction occurs at this concentration in accordance with the expectations. These results are consistent with many observations but should be interpreted with great caution, as the model is simple and general and don't account for a number of processes which may influence the results significantly in specific lake studies. The structural dynamic approach has previously been used in ten case studies with good agreement with the observations, but more case studies are needed before a general recommendation of the use of this type of models can be given. The results from this study point toward to apply this type of models for lake management where biomanipulation is involved, although it should be recommended to improve the presented general model with introduction of site specific properties for a considered lake study.Notes: TY - JOURTR: CS9910003M1 - JournalAuthor Address: DFH, Institute A, Environmental Chemistry, University Park 2, Copenhagen Oe, Denmark

Pages: 2696-2706

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 520Author: Janse, Jan H.; Van Donk, Ellen; Aldenberg, TomYear: 1998Title: A model study on the stability of the macrophyte-dominated state as affected by biological factorsJournal: Water ResearchVolume: 32Issue: 9Pages: 2696-2706


The model may be used to evaluate the relative importance of different

Accession Number: AN 1998:516856Keywords: Food chain (aquatic; model study of stability of the macrophyte-dominated state of lakes as affected by biol. factors in relation to phytoplankton-dominated state); Ecosystem (lake; model study of stability of the macrophyte-dominated state of lakes as affected by biol. factors in relation to phytoplankton-dominated state); Plant (macrophytic; model study of stability of the macrophyte-dominated state of lakes as affected by biol. factors in relation to phytoplankton-dominated state); Eutrophication; Lake waters; Lakes; Phytoplankton; Water pollution (model study of stability of the macrophyte-dominated state of lakes as affected by biol. factors in relation to phytoplankton-dominated state)lake domination macrophyte phytoplankton modelingAbstract: The transition of shallow lake ecosystems between the clear-water, macrophyte-dominated state and the turbid state dominated by phytoplankton depends on both physicochem. and biol. factors. In this study, the impact of some of these interactions on the stability of the macrophyte-dominated state of a lake are studied by means of the integrated eutrophication model PCLake. The model describes phytoplankton, macrophytes, and a simplified food web, within the framework of closed nutrient cycles. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of herbivory by birds and fish on the transition from the clear to the turbid state, including the influence of variability in other biol. parameters. The model was applied to the data of a small, biomanipulated lake, dominated by macrophytes, showing signs of a transition back to the turbid state. Simulations were carried out for the lake as well as for an exptl. situation where herbivory was impeded. A parameter variation study was performed for 10 parameters affecting the zooplankton, fish and macrophytes behavior in order to det. the sensitivities and the model uncertainty. The model reproduced adequately the transition of the lake from phytoplankton dominance before the biomanipulation, via dominance of rooted perennial plants in the first years after it, to a state characterized by turion-forming plants in early summer and phytoplankton in autumn. It is shown that the probability of the transition back to phytoplankton dominance is mainly enhanced by herbivory by birds. This caused a shift towards inedible plant species with a shorter natural growing season, allowing the return of a phytoplankton bloom in autumn. If herbivory was impeded, this shift did not occur, and phytoplankton remained low due to nitrogen limitation. The model results were quite sensitive to the zooplankton filtering rate and, in the presence of herbivory only, to the macrophyte growth parameters. The impact of the fish parameters was shown to be less important. The model may be used to evaluate the relative importance of different


assumptions or factors in the success of biomanipulation measures in lakes. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 129:17975661-1WaterLab. for Water and Drinking Water Research,RIVM,Bilthoven,Neth.Journal0043-1354written in English.7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: BPR (Biological process), BSU (Biological study, unclassified), BIOL (Biological study), PROC (Process) (nutrient; model study of stability of the macrophyte-dominated state of lakes as affected by biol. factors in relation to phytoplankton-dominated state)

Nutrient dynamics

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 652Author: Horppila, J.; Peltonen, H.; Malinen, T.; Luokkanen, E.; Kairesalo, T.Year: 1998Title: Top-down or bottom-up effects by fish: issues of concern in biomanipulation of lakesJournal: Restoration EcologyVolume: 6Issue: 1Pages: 20-28Alternate Journal: Restor.Ecol.Label: 37Keywords: Freshwater lakesEcosystem managementFood websWater qualityAquatic plantsPhytoplanktonHabitat improvementLakesCommunity structurePlanktonEnvironmental restorationNutrient dynamics


Author Address: Department of Limnology and Environmental Protection,

FinlandFinland, Vesijaervi L.BiomassCyanophytaPhosphorusFood ChainsLake RestorationLittoral ZoneFish ManagementNutrientsPiscesAbstract: A large-scale biomanipulation trial was carried out on Lake Vesijaervi in Finland during 1989-1993. Following the mass removal of coarse fish the biomass of cyanobacteria collapsed from 1.4 g/m super(-3) to below 0.4 g/ m super(-3), while total phosphorus concentration declined from 45 mu g/L to 30 mu g/L. No relevant changes in zooplankton communities were observed. The results suggest that the success of food web manipulation as a tool for lake restoration is not necessarily dependent on the grazing rate of zooplankton. The effects of reduced fish-mediated internal loading and recycling of nutrients are in many cases stronger than those of reduced planktivory. Alternative stable states of water quality may also exist in lakes not covered by macrophytes, owing to the changes in the behavior of fish stocks. Year-to-year variation in the littoral zone may cause large oscillations in lake ecosystems - for example, through the recruitment of fish. In addition, the nutrients translocated by fish from the littoral zone may affect the nutrient dynamics of the pelagial plankton community. In terms of phytoplankton species composition and the ratio of phosphorus to chlorophyll a, the water quality in Lake Vesijaervi has improved in a stepwise fashion within the last 10 years. This is probably due to the fact that the five-year mass removal of fish in Enonselkae fulfilled the requirement of sustained management of fish stocks in order to maintain nonequilibrial conditions between alternate stable states. The prediction of the water quality development is obscured, however, by spatial and temporal within-lake variation, which sets high requirements for sampling programs.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - MarTR: CS9813527M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Limnology and Environmental Protection,


University of Helsinki, Viikki, E-building, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland

Abstract: The conceptual model of trophic structure in a typical north

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 653Author: Burns, C. W.Year: 1998Title: Planktonic interactions with an austral bias: Implications for biomanipulationJournal: Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and ManagementVolume: 3Issue: 2Pages: 95-104Alternate Journal: Lakes Reserv.: Res.Manage.Label: 35Keywords: New ZealandAustraliaPlanktonTrophic LevelWater QualityFood ChainsDaphniaCopepodsExotic SpeciesBiomassLake RestorationFishNutrientsPhytoplanktonMicrocystisIntroduced speciesFood websEutrophic lakesWater pollution treatmentBiodegradationAlgal bloomsDaphnia carinatabiomanipulationFreshwaterAbstract: The conceptual model of trophic structure in a typical north


temperate lake that underlies attempts at biological manipulation to improve water quality is reviewed in relation to the trophic structure and community composition of planktonic food webs in New Zealand and Australian lakes. New Zealand's relatively simple food webs are characterized by an absence of obligate piscivores and few vertebrate and invertebrate planktivores; manipulation of fish stock to improve water quality has not been attempted. The largest crustacean zooplankton in Australasia, and potentially the most effective grazers of phytoplankton, are Daphnia carinata and calanoid copepods (Boeckella spp.). Their potential capacities to remove algae and colonial cyanobacteria (Microcystis, filamentous forms) from waterways are discussed in relation to colony size and concentration, toxicity, selectivity, and digestibility. The potential of D. carinata to suppress rates of increase in phytoplankton biomass may be loweredNotes: TY - JOURY2 - JunTR: CS9820372M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand, [mailto:[email protected]]

Germany, Dresden, Bautzen Reservoir

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 654Author: Boeing, W. J.; Wagner, A.; Voigt, H.; Deppe, T.; Benndorf, J.Year: 1998Title: Phytoplankton responses to grazing by Daphnia galeata in the biomanipulated Bautzen ReservoirJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 389Issue: 1-3Pages: 101-114Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 38Keywords: PhytoplanktonGrazingZooplanktonBiomassBiological productionWater reservoirsGermany, Dresden, Bautzen Reservoir


Notes: TY - JOUR

DaphniaReservoirsCorrelation AnalysisTrophic LevelPhosphorusExperimental DataGermany, Bautzen ReservoirDaphnia galeataGermany, Sachsen, Bautzen ReservoirbiomanipulationAbstract: We studied the response of phytoplankton to grazing by Daphnia galeata in the hypertrophic Bautzen Reservoir (Dresden, Germany) from January 1995 to May 1996 during a long-term whole-lake biomanipulation experiment. The correlation between clearance rate of D. galeata and total phytoplankton biomass was negative only if biomass of Microcystis aeruginosa was excluded. This suggests that M. aeruginosa is the main grazing resistant phytoplankton species in the Bautzen Reservoir. Except for M. aeruginosa and grazing-resistant Staurastrum quadridentatum spec. nov. no other phytoplankton species was able to reach a biovolume above 1 mm super(3) L super(-1) when the clearance rate of Daphnia exceeded 0.1 L L super(-1) d super(-1). There was significant positive correlation between mean cell or colony size of phytoplankters and clearance rate of D. galeata, showing an advantage of bigger cells or colonies at high grazing pressure. Cross-correlation indicated a time lag of about one month between changes in grazing pressure and a change in phytoplankton mean size. The phytoplankton species were divided into edible and inedible fractions, depending on their width and length. No edible species were able to reach high biovolumes during high biomasses of D. galeata but a positive correlation was found between the edible fraction of phytoplankton biovolume and the clearance rate of D. galeata. However, this relationship disappeared when the 'ingestible edible' fraction of M. aeruginosa was excluded, suggesting a rejection of 'edible' Microcystis colonies by D. galeata. A negative correlation was found between the inedible fraction of phytoplankton biovolume without M. aeruginosa and the clearance rate of D. galeata which might be due to superior competition of M. aeruginosa. We could clearly show that biomanipulation might not work well with respect to the reduction of total phytoplankton biomass under hypertrophic conditions and finally discuss a theoretical threshold of phosphorus (probably around 80 mu g L super(-1)), below which biomanipulation should become effective.Notes: TY - JOUR


TR: CS9916295M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 508 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-1715, USA

pronounced. The changes of zooplankton body size structure were: increasing

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 655Author: Seda, J.; Kubecka, J.Year: 1997Title: Long-term biomanipulation of Rimov Reservoir (Czech Republic)Journal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 345Issue: pt. 2-3Pages: 95-108Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 42Keywords: habitat improvement (biological)stocking pondsfreshwater fishzooplanktonfishecosystemsreservoirsfish stockingaquatic habitatsfish food organismsDaphnia galeataCzech Rep., Rimov ReservoirbiomanipulationFreshwaterAbstract: The history of fish, zooplankton and phytoplankton in Rimov Reservoir during its 14 years existence is documented. After the filling of the reservoir in autumn 1978, the biomass of planktivorous fish increased from near zero to 650 kg ha super(-1) by the fourth year of the reservoir's existence, after which the fish stock continually decreased under various forms of biomanipulative pressure, down to a value of about 100 kg ha super(-1). This development of fish stock was accompanied by changes in zooplankton size structure, but a cascading effect down to reduction of phytoplankton biomass was not pronounced. The changes of zooplankton body size structure were: increasing


or decreasing average size of Daphnia galeata (the main cladoceran herbivore species) and changes in relative proportion of cladoceran species, but none of the main zooplankton species was replaced or disappeared. The variation in phytoplankton biomass was explained by variation in phosphorus concentration and not related to zooplankton structure. It was concluded that the critical biomass of planktivorous fish below which the effect of lowering phytoplankton biomass could be observed lies below 100 kg of planktivorous fish per hectare. An attempt is made to quantify the relationship between fish stock density and the size structure of zooplankton potentially able to influence top-down effects on phytoplankton.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - FebTR: CS9720715M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Hydrobiological Inst. CAS, Na sadkach 7, Ceske Budejovice, CR-37005, Czech Rep.

Leptodora

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 656Author: Scharf, W.Year: 1997Title: Deviations from OECD predictions in softwater reservoirs: Effects of the zooplankton structureJournal: Archiv fuer HydrobiologieVolume: 138Issue: 3Pages: 381-399Alternate Journal: Arch.Hydrobiol.Label: 43Keywords: Particulate organic nitrogenGrazingChlorophyllsPhosphorusLight effectsPhytoplanktonZooplanktonPredationDaphnia galeataLeptodora


Germany, Nordrhein-Westfahlen, Wupper R.biomassgrowthseasonal variationsFreshwaterAbstract: Measured annual algal biomass deviated widely from predictions made using the OECD model for Shallow Lakes and Reservoirs in two out of the eight soft water reservoirs investigated. From the point of view of water management, it was necessary to understand the reasons why algal biomass in one reservoir was much lower, while in another reservoir it was much higher than predicted. Evidence is provided that zooplankton community composition, especially the proportion of large-sized daphnids and not herbivorous zooplankton biomass, was the key factor in regulating algal growth during the summer season and in influencing annual algal biomass. This became evident because special attention was given to the large sized daphnids: in addition to counting them, a vertical net haul with a 780 mu m mesh was used and particulate organic nitrogen (PON >780 mu m) was determined in order to assess the share attributable to large sized daphnids. Results suggest PON >780 mu m estimates as a useful tool for assessing zooplankton community structure. Size-related alterations observed in the composition of the zooplankton communities were due to the impact of planktivorous fishes. Thus, cascading effects in the food chain may account for deviations from the predictions of the OECD-model. For water management of these reservoirs, these results suggest that far greater reductions in algal biomass can be expected than predicted by statistical models, when biomanipulation of the fish stock is used as an additional method of restoration.Notes: TY - JOURTR: BF9701562M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Wupperverband, Limnological Laboratory, Zur Schafbruecke 6, D-42283 Wuppertal, FRG

Finland

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 478Author: Liukkonen, M.; Kairesalo, T.; Haworth, E. Y.Year: 1997Title: Changes in the diatom community, including the appearance of Actinocyclus normanii f. subsalsa, during the biomanipulation of Lake Vesijarvi, Finland


Notes: Cited Reference Count: 19

Journal: European Journal of PhycologyVolume: 32Issue: 4Pages: 353-361Date: NovAlternate Journal: Eur. J. Phycol.Accession Number: ISI:000071195200004Keywords: Actinocyclus; biomanipulation; diatoms; eutrophication; paleolimnology;varved sedimentbacillariophyceae; sediments; eutrophication; rejuvenation; morphology;ontarioAbstract: After 60 years of receiving treated sewage effluent from the city of Lahti, Lake Vesijarvi had become very eutrophic. Diversion of the effluent in 1976 resulted in a slow recovery of the water quality. In 1989-93, biomanipulation removed 380 kg of coarse fish per hectare from Enonselka, the most polluted basin of the lake. Since then cyanobacterial blooms have decreased and water transparency has increased. Paleolimnological analysis of deep water sediments was used to reconstruct the changes in the diatom community, with varved sediment structure providing a year-by-year chronology. During the biomanipulation period the following diatom species increased in Enonselka: Asterionella formosa, Fragilaria crotonensis, Stephanodiscus heterostylus and Tabellaria spp. In contrast, diatom species commonly considered to be indicators of eutrophication, such as Aulacoseira islandica, Diatoma elongatum and Stephanodiscus porous, have decreased since the end of the 1980s reflecting the recovery of the Enonselka basin. The changes in the diatom plankton recorded in the less polluted basin of Laitialanselka were much less marked than those recorded from the sediments of the Enonselka basin. In 1990 a diatom species, Actinocyclus normanii f. subsalsa, appeared for the first time in Lake Vesijarvi and since then it has been one of the dominant diatoms in the plankton of the Enonselka basin. Two years later it was also present in small numbers in the plankton of Laitialanselka, the least polluted basin of the lake. The appearance of A. normanii f. subsalsa was concomitant with the dredging of the boat harbour of Lahti city in the late summer of 1990. It was therefore apparently not directly affected by biomanipulation but benefited indirectly from the collapse of cyanobacterial populations that led to improved light and nutrient availability in the water column.Notes: Cited Reference Count: 19


Cited References: ANDERSON NJ, 1989, J ECOL, V77, P926 BATTARBEE RW, 1986, P ROY IRISH ACAD B, V86, P141 GOMEZ N, 1991, GAYANA BOT, V48, P3 HARTIKAINEN H, 1996, WATER RES, V30, P2472 HASLE GR, 1977, PHYCOLOGIA, V16, P321 HOLLAND RE, 1975, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V20, P365 KAIRESALO T, 1997, IN PRESS ECOLOGICAL KETO J, 1988, AQUA FENNICA, V18, P193 KOHLER J, 1993, J PLANKTON RES, V15, P335 LIUKKONEN M, 1993, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V269, P415 REHBEHN RB, 1993, NETH J AQUAT ECOL, V27, P205 ROUND FE, 1990, DIATOMS BIOL MORPHOL SICKOGOAD L, 1986, J PHYCOL, V22, P22 SICKOGOAD L, 1989, J PLANKTON RES, V11, P375 SIMOLA H, 1977, ANN BOT FENN, V14, P143 STOERMER EF, 1985, J PHYCOL, V21, P257 STOERMER EF, 1992, DIATOM RES, V7, P367 VANDAM H, 1994, NETHERLANDS J AQUATI, V28, P117 YANG JR, 1993, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V269, P57EnglishArticleEUR J PHYCOLURL: <Go to ISI>://000071195200004Author Address: Univ Helsinki, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, FIN-15210 Lahti, Finland. Univ Helsinki, Dept Appl Chem & Microbiol, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Inst Freshwater Ecol, Ambleside LA22 0LP, Cumbria, England.Kairesalo, T, Univ Helsinki, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, Niemenkatu 73, FIN-15210 Lahti, Finland.

Volume: 15

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 521Author: Liu, Xue-jun; Xie, PingYear: 1997Title: Seston and dissolved organic carbon dynamics during Microcystis bloom with special reference to the effects of three Chinese domestic fishes in experimental enclosuresJournal: Chinese Journal of Oceanology and LimnologyVolume: 15


(Chlorophyll a) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU

Issue: 3Pages: 216-223Accession Number: AN 1998:500275Keywords: Aristichthys nobilis; Bacteria; Ctenopharyngodon idella; Eutrophication; Hypophthalmichthys molitrix; Microcystis; Phytoplankton; Seston (fish species and stocking d. effect on dynamics of seston and dissolved org. carbon during Microcystis bloom in exptl. enclosures of Donghu Lake, China); Water pollution (lake water; fish species and stocking d. effect on dynamics of seston and dissolved org. carbon during Microcystis bloom in exptl. enclosures of Donghu Lake, China)seston dynamics Microcystis bloom Donghu Lake; dissolved org carbon dynamics algal bloom; fish effect lake seston org carbonAbstract: The Microcystis bloom that once disappeared from Donghu Lake, a shallow, eutrophic Chinese lake, was successfully resumed using the enclosure method. Seston and dissolved org. C (DOC) dynamics during the Microcystis bloom were studied, emphasizing the effect of 3 Chinese domestic fish (silver carp, bighead carp, grass carp). Results showed the change of chlorophyll a was obviously related to fish species and stocking d. due to the release of extracellular org. C and increased bacterial activity. DOC increased after silver and bighead carp were introduced; POC/DOC dropped considerably in enclosures contg. silver and bighead carp and in the surrounding lake water, implying that bacterial activity was more pronounced in such ecosystems. Statistical anal. indicated a linear relationship between POC and chlorophyll a reflected the state of algal growth and nutrient metab. It was expected this study would provide data on biomanipulation in shallow, eutrophic lakes. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 129:26490361-2WaterInstitute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan,Peop. Rep. China.Journal0254-4059written in English.7440-44-0 (Carbon) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (dissolved and particulate org. and dissolved inorg.; fish species and stocking d. effect on dynamics of seston and dissolved org. carbon during Microcystis bloom in exptl. enclosures of Donghu Lake, China); 479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU


(Occurrence) (phytoplankton; fish species and stocking d. effect on dynamics of seston and dissolved org. carbon during Microcystis bloom in exptl. enclosures of Donghu Lake, China)

Three separate cubitainer experiments were run for 5 days in a replicated

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 657Author: Kasprzak, P. H.; Lathrop, R. C.Year: 1997Title: Influence of two Daphnia species on summer phytoplankton assemblages from eutrophic lakesJournal: Journal of Plankton ResearchVolume: 19Issue: 8Pages: 1025-1044Alternate Journal: J.Plankton Res.Label: 41Keywords: PhytoplanktonFood websGrazingZooplanktonPopulation structureEutrophic lakesLakesEutrophic environmentsCommunity compositionDaphniaExperimental DataAlgaeNutrientsFiltrationChlorophyllDaphnia pulicariaDaphnia galeata mendotaecommuntiy compositionAbstract: We conducted grazing experiments to test whether larger-bodied Daphnia pulicaria have a different effect from smaller-bodied Daphnia galeata mendotae on the composition of summer algal assemblages in eutrophic lakes. Three separate cubitainer experiments were run for 5 days in a replicated


factorial design utilizing two algal community types and the two Daphnia species. Inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen were added to prevent nutrient limitation of the algae. Both edible and inedible size fractions of chlorophyll a increased in cubitainers without Daphnia spp. Grazer addition usually resulted in a reduction in edible chlorophyll; reductions were greater in D. pulicaria cubitainers. Grazing by Daphnia spp. on presumed inedible chlorophyll was variable. Algal size was not always a good predictor of grazeability. The results of this study indicate that D. pulicaria, because of its greater filtration potential and ability to ingest larger particles, provides a stronger control on inedible-sized algae when compared to equal numerical densities of D.g. mendotae. However, Aphanizomenon increased as a response to heavy grazing pressure by D. pulicaria on other algal species. This suggests that biomanipulation efforts that promote large-bodied Daphnia may not produce desirable results if nutrient inputs remain high.Notes: TY - JOURY2 - AugTR: CS9807262M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Muggelseedamm 310, D-12587 Berlin, Germany

eutrophication biomanipulation lake England

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 524Author: Tuzun, Ilhami; Mason, C. F.Year: 1996Title: Eutrophication and its control by biomanipulation: an enclosure experimentJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 331Issue: 1-3Pages: 79-95Accession Number: AN 1997:53187Keywords: Daphnia hyalina; Eutrophication; Fish; Phytoplankton (eutrophication and control by biomanipulation of lakes in England); Nitrates; Nitrites Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (eutrophication and control by biomanipulation of lakes in England); Plant (macrophytic; eutrophication and control by biomanipulation of lakes in England)eutrophication biomanipulation lake England


Abstract: Biomanipulation expts. were carried out in small, shallow eutrophic lake in eastern England. The effects of fish removal on water quality and planktonic communities were examd. in relation to nutrients and macrophytes. Exclusion of fish resulted in enhanced densities of the large-bodied Daphnia hyalina which, in turn, led to improvements in water quality. The provision of refuges from fish predation also enhanced Daphnia populations enough to suggest this strategy as feasible for the restoration of this lake. The development of a mysid population in enclosures without fish indicated that some indirect effects might occur if fish are completely removed. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 126:7960861-2WaterDep. Biol., Sci. Fac.,Univ. Ankara,Besevler,Turk.Journal0018-8158written in English.7440-21-3 (Silicon); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (eutrophication and control by biomanipulation of lakes in England)

Abstract: The most cost-efficient and environmentally friendly ecotechnologies

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 527Author: Straskraba, MilanYear: 1996Title: Ecotechnological methods for managing non-point source pollution in watersheds, lakes and reservoirsJournal: Water Science and TechnologyVolume: 33Issue: 4/5, Diffuse Pollution 95Pages: 73-80Accession Number: AN 1996:496392Keywords: Water pollution (ecotechnol. methods for managing non-point source pollution in watersheds, lakes and reservoirs)nonpoint water pollution eutrophication; ecotechnol water pollution managementAbstract: The most cost-efficient and environmentally friendly ecotechnologies


for non-point source pollution management are given. These are divided into two categories: those done in the watershed and those used within the lake or reservoir. In the first category wetland use, restoration and construction is shown to efficiently reduce different kinds of pollution. The construction of small pre-impoundments is effective for trapping phosphorus as the main cause of eutrophication. In the category of in-lake approaches several are mentioned: biomanipulation or food web manipulation leading to decreased eutrophication, many approaches of mixing and aeration based on recent limnol. knowledge, selective withdrawal as a manipulation of outflow and drinking water intake depths in reservoirs, the diversion of polluted inflow waters and sucking of hypolimnion waters. The limitations of the methods are given. Math. models helpful in optimizing the use of the corresponding methods are shown. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 125:17663861-2WaterEntomological Institute,CAS,C. Budejovice,Czech Rep.Journal0273-1223written in English.

Cladocera

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 658Author: Romo, S.; Donk, E. Van; Gylstra, R.; Gulati, R.Year: 1996Title: A multivariate analysis of phytoplankton and food web changes in a shallow biomanipulated lakeJournal: Freshwater BiologyVolume: 36Issue: 3Pages: 683-696Alternate Journal: Freshwat.Biol.Label: 49Keywords: habitat improvement (biological)multivariate analysisphytoplanktonfood websCladocera


CopepodaRotiferaNetherlands, Zwemlust L.statistical analysisfood chainsinterspecific relationshipsecological successionnutrients (mineral)FreshwaterAbstract: Phytoplankton dynamics, food chain changes and resilience in Lake Zwemlust, a shallow lake in The Netherlands, are described for the period 1986-94. After biomanipulation in 1987, the lake moved through two alternative states, while the external nutrient loadings were maintained. A clear-water phase, mostly dominated by macrophytes, persisted from 1987 to 1991, and a rather turbid state, dominated by algae, occurred in the summers of 1992-94, after several consecutive and sustained perturbations affecting different parts of the food web in the lake. The phytoplankton assemblage gradually changed in a pattern that reverted in later years towards that of the pre-biomanipulation stage, although the same species composition was not regained. During the clear-water phase, nutrient shortage, light climate and zooplankton feeding selected in favour of small, high surface:volume ratio and rapidly reproducing algae. However, in mid-summer of 1992-94, nutrient availability and cladoceran grazing on edible algae favoured cyanophytes.Notes: TY - JOURTR: MB9700231M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Area de Ecologia, Universidad de Valencia, 46100-Burjasot, Spain

Issue: 12

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 659Author: Ramcharan, C. W.; France, R. L.; Mcqueen, D. J.Year: 1996Title: Multiple effects of planktivorous fish on algae through a pelagic trophic cascadeJournal: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences/Journal Canadien des Sciences Halieutiques et Aquatiques.OttawaVolume: 53Issue: 12


Pages: 2819-2828Alternate Journal: Can.J.Fish.Aquat.Sci./J.Can.Sci.Halieut.Aquat.Label: 48Keywords: trophic relationshipsplankton feederszooplanktonphytoplanktonfood websnutrients (mineral)freshwater fishalgaeCanada, Ontario, St. George L.FreshwaterAbstract: A 2 x 2 factorial design enclosure study of biomanipulation (controls, with fish, with added nutrients, and with both fish and nutrients) was used during 1987 in Lake George, Ontario, to determine the impacts of planktivorous fish on phyto-plankton populations and water clarity. Addition of nutrients had little or no effect on either communities of zoo- or phytoplankton, or water clarity, but addition of fish caused dramatic changes. Fish biomass was negatively related to daphnid biomass and body size, but was positively related to bosminid and rotifer biomass. Fish also caused a marked shift in algal communities towards smaller cells and reduced water clarity. Neither fish nor nutrient treatments had significant effects on concentrations of chlorophyll a. Estimates of fish consumption and excretion rates and zooplankton community grazing and excretion rates indicated that fish-induced reductions in zooplankton biomasses were indirectly responsible for changes in the phytoplankton. By reducing herbivory, fish caused decreases in both zooplankton grazing and nutrient recycling. Results show that changes in fish communities can influence water clarity, but that simple trophic cascade is confounded by several other direct and indirect mechanisms involving shifts in grazing pressure, nutrient excretion, and phytoplankton cell size.Notes: TY - JOURTR: CA9700175M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Department Zoology Physiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA



main basin. Recolonizing fish were removed in successive winters and

Author: Moss, B.; Stansfield, J.; Irvine, K.; Perrow, M.; Phillips, G.Year: 1996Title: Progressive restoration of a shallow lake: A 12-year experiment in isolation, sediment removal and biomanipulationJournal: Journal of Applied EcologyVolume: 33Issue: 1Pages: 71-86Alternate Journal: J.Appl.Ecol.Label: 46Keywords: lakesenvironmental restorationeutrophicationcommunity compositionecosystem managementenvironment managementaquatic plantsnature conservationsedimentslake reclamationfishDaphniaBritish IslesBritish Isles, England, Cockshoot BroadFreshwaterAbstract: Cockshoot Broad (mean depth 1 m, area of open water 3.3 ha) was isolated from the sewage-effluent contaminated River Bure in 1982. About 70 cm of sediment were pumped out at the same time and settled in a remote lagoon. The total phosphorus and phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentrations rapidly fell and large numbers of large-bodied Daphnia were present. The zooplanktivorous fish stock was probably then very low. Submerged macrophytes colonized one area (the Dyke) heavily but more slowly over the main basin. These conditions lasted until 1985 by which time the fish stocks had increased, the Daphnia declined, and plants disappeared from the main basin. Plant communities remained stable in the Dyke. Chlorophyll a increased in the main basin and remained at a high value until 1988. In early 1989, virtually all of the fish community was manually removed. Daphnia numbers recovered, chlorophyll a concentrations fell and plants began to recolonize the main basin. Recolonizing fish were removed in successive winters and


chlorophyll has remained low and Daphnia high except in 1992. In that year, an estuarine mysid, Neomysis integer, colonized the Broad when the dams separating it from the river were overtopped. This was a consequence of low fluvial flows in a drought period and was apparently only a temporary set-back. There was also a loss of macrophytes from the dyke in 1991/92. This is thought to have resulted from bird damage to the overwintering inocula in a cold spring. In 'low Daphnia-high fish' years, there was a significant positive correlation between total P and chlorophyll, but not in 'high Daphnia-low fish' years. Overall, however, there was no correlation between chlorophyll and nutrients but a strong inverse correlation with Daphnia numbers. The nutrient conditions supporting phytoplankton and macrophyte dominance overlapped and the two conditions are seen as alternative stable states. The results are discussed in the context of a general hypothesis of change with eutrophication in shallow lakes.Notes: TY - JOURTR: CS9611214M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dep. Environ. and Evolutionary Biol., Univ. Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK

for degrading expts. The gross N content decreased by 89.6%, and the P

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 526Author: Li, Wei; Zhang, Zhuo; Wang, LizhengYear: 1996Title: The studies of bacteria in bio-manipulation to recover eutrophic lakesJournal: Yunnan Daxue Xuebao, Ziran KexuebanVolume: 18Issue: 2Pages: 131-134Accession Number: AN 1996:570319Keywords: Bacillus; Bacteria; Enterobacteriaceae; Pseudomonas (bacteria in bio-manipulation to recover eutrophic lakes); Lakes (eutrophic, bacteria in bio-manipulation to recover eutrophic lakes)biomanipulation eutrophic lake bacteriaAbstract: 95 Strains of bacteria capable of effectively removing of P and N were isolated from eutrophic aquifer. They were identified as Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Enterobacteriaceae. The bacteria with different proportion were released into reaction apparatuses contg. eutrophic Lakes' water and sediment for degrading expts. The gross N content decreased by 89.6%, and the P


content decreased by 90.6%. The quantity of zooplankton increased greatly. The results showed that substances were flowing along the food chain. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 125:24264210-2Microbial, Algal, and Fungal BiochemistryDept. of Biology,Yunnan Univ.,Kunming,Peop. Rep. China.Journal0258-7971written in Chinese.

end of the 1970s caused mass developments of blue-green and green algae. A

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 525Author: Krienitz, Lothar; Kasprzak, Peter; Koschel, RainerYear: 1996Title: Long term study on the influence of eutrophication, restoration and biomanipulation on the structure and development of phytoplankton communities in Feldberger Haussee (Baltic Lake District, Germany)Journal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 330Issue: 2Pages: 89-110Accession Number: AN 1996:699622Keywords: Cyanobacteria; Eutrophication; Green algae; Phytoplankton; Zooplankton (influence of eutrophication and restoration and biomanipulation on structure and development of phytoplankton communities in Feldberger Haussee, Germany); Nitrates; Phosphates Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (influence of eutrophication and restoration and biomanipulation on structure and development of phytoplankton communities in Feldberger Haussee, Germany); Plant (macrophytic; influence of eutrophication and restoration and biomanipulation on structure and development of phytoplankton communities in Feldberger Haussee, Germany)eutrophication restoration biomanipulation phytoplankton lakeAbstract: Feldberger Haussee provides a classic example of eutrophication history of hardwater lakes in the Baltic Lake District in Germany and of changes in their algal flora during the 20th century. The lake originally was regarded as slightly eutrophic. A process of drastic eutrophication from the 1950s until the end of the 1970s caused mass developments of blue-green and green algae. A


restoration program was started in the 1980s to improve the water quality of the lake using both diversion of sewage outside the catchment area, and biomanipulation by altering the fish community. This restoration program led to pos. changes in the lake ecosystem. Direct effects of biomanipulation resulted in an increase of herbivorous zooplankton, a decrease of phytoplankton biomass, and an increase of water transparency. The recovery of Feldberger Haussee also may have been indirectly enhanced by an increase in nutrient sedimentation as a consequence of intensified calcite pptn., decrease in P remobilization due to a pH-decrease, increased N/P-ratio, and recolonization of the littoral zone by macrophytes. This paper concs. on the long-term development of the phytoplankton community as a response to changes in the food web structure as well as to alterations in the chem. environment of the algae. Both are reflected in 4 major stages passed by the algal assemblage between 1980 and 1994: (1) from 1980-summer 1985 dense green algal populations were found indicating similar conditions as in the 1970s during the period of max. eutrophication, (2) a diverse phytoplankton community during summer 1985-1989 showed the first effects of a recovery, (3) from 1990-1992 the phytoplankton was characterized by ungrazeable filamentous blue-green algae 1st of all as a response to increased herbivory of zooplankton on edible species and to increasing N/P-ratios, and (4) the algal species diversity increased in 1993 and 1994 whereas the phytoplankton biomass decreased showing the success of the combined restoration measures. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 126:12209161-2WaterInstitute Freshwater and Fish Ecology,Neuglobsow,Germany.Journal0018-8158written in English.471-34-1 (Calcium carbonate) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (influence of eutrophication and restoration and biomanipulation on structure and development of phytoplankton communities in Feldberger Haussee, Germany); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (influence of eutrophication and restoration and biomanipulation on structure and development of phytoplankton communities in Feldberger Haussee, Germany)



that food limitation was not the reason for low biomass of the daphnids during

Record Number: 662Author: Kamjunke, N.; Herbst, R. F.; Wagner, A.; Benndorf, J.Year: 1996Title: Size distribution of primary production in a whole-lake biomanipulation experiment under hypertrophic conditionsJournal: Archiv fuer HydrobiologieVolume: 138Issue: 2Pages: 259-271Alternate Journal: Arch.Hydrobiol.Label: 50Keywords: Size distributionPhytoplanktonFood websHypertrophyLimiting factorsDaphnia galeataMicrocystisGermany, Sachsen, Bautzen ReservoirbiomassFreshwaterAbstract: The size distribution of planktonic primary production (PP) was measured in order to estimate the top-down impact exerted by Daphnia galeata on the size distribution of PP under hypertrophic conditions in a whole-lake biomanipulation experiment (Bautzen reservoir, Germany). The most important characteristics of the experimentally changed food web are strong top-down control by high intensity of piscivory but weak nutrient limitation due to high external and internal P and N loadings. With the exception of a summer depression (June to August), high biomasses of D. galeata (up to 13 mg wet weight/L) were observed. In summer and fall, large colonies of Microcystis dominated the phytoplankton which was not a result of grazing by daphnids. The quota of non-edible size fractions in the total particulate PP was 76 plus or minus 24% (annual mean) and as much as 99 plus or minus 0.4% in September and October when the calculated filtration rate of D. galeata was very high. It was found to be impossible to control total PP by top-down pressure alone. But the edible fraction can be strongly controlled by grazing if a certain threshold of the filtration rate is exceeded. Before and during the summer depression of D. galeata, PP of edible phytoplankton reached relatively high values revealing that food limitation was not the reason for low biomass of the daphnids during


this depression period. At low values of edible PP due to high grazing pressure exerted by Daphnia, exudation by mainly non-edible phytoplankton was much higher than edible PP indicating that a relatively important carbon flow via bacteria to Daphnia is possible.Notes: TY - JOURTR: BF9701715M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dresden University of Technology, Institute of Hydrobiology, D-01062 Dresden, FRG

Freshwater

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 663Author: Jayaweera, M.; Asaeda, T.Year: 1996Title: Modeling of biomanipulation in shallow, eutrophic lakes: An application to Lake Bleiswijkse Zoo, the NetherlandsJournal: Ecological ModellingVolume: 85Issue: 2-3Pages: 113-127Alternate Journal: Ecol.Model.Label: 45Keywords: lakesmodelswater managementtemporal variationsplanktonspecies compositionecosystem managementalgaeeutrophicationeutrophic lakeslake reclamationwater quality controllake restorationPiscesNetherlandsNetherlands, Bleiswijkse ZoomFreshwater


Abstract: The prediction of temporal variations of biota following biomanipulation measures in lakes is of paramount importance in view of water quality management. The temporal variations of phytoplankton biomass as chlorophyll-a and transparency as Secchi depths measurements are studied in the Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom, The Netherlands with a comprehensive biological model. In the formulation of the biological model, phytoplankton as several species, zooplankton, detritus, planktivorous and benthivorous fish and piscivorous fish are considered to be the major contributing biota for the food web manipulation. The biological model enumerates the species compositions at a given time taking biological, physical and meteorological processes into account. Reduction of almost all planktivorous fish and 85% of benthivorous fish results in increase in transparency, decrease in algal biomass and decrease in resuspended inorganic matters leading to an environmental sound lake ecosystem. The model also provides useful insights into positive and negative interrelationships among biota in the ecosystem. In other words, from the biomanipulation point of view, poor understanding of interactions among biota and hence, uncertainties of their accurate predictions may lead to controversial evidences.Notes: TY - JOURTR: CS9610956M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dep. Civ. and Environ. Eng., Saitama Univ., 255 Shimo-okubo, Urawa, Saitama 338, Japan

nutrient loading

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 664Author: Carpenter, S. R.; Kitchell, J. F.; Cottingham, K. L.; Schindler, D. E.; Christensen, D. L.; Post, D. M.; Voichick, N.Year: 1996Title: Chlorophyll variability, nutrient input, and grazing: Evidence from whole-lake experimentsJournal: EcologyVolume: 77Issue: 3Pages: 725-735Alternate Journal: EcologyLabel: 47Keywords: lakesnutrient loading


TR: CS9618366

herbivoryzooplanktontrophic relationshipsbiomassphytoplanktonphosphoruschlorophyllnitrogenchlorophyllsFreshwaterAbstract: A planktivore lake with small herbivorous zooplankton and a piscivore lake with large grazers were monitored for 2 yr and then enriched for 2 yr with inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen. An unenriched lake with an undisturbed fish community served as a reference ecosystem. Added nutrients increased biomass of both phytoplankton and zooplankton. In the planktivore lake, phytoplankton were stimulated more than zooplankton. This situation was reversed in the piscivore lake. Time series models predicting chlorophyll from P input rate and crustacean length fit well for total chlorophyll and the edible fraction (<35 mu m), but were less successful for the large fraction (>35 mu m). A 1-mm change in mean crustacean length had about the same effect on chlorophyll as a decrease in P input rate of 1 mg/m super(3)/d. There was no evidence of interaction between grazer and P input effects. Although effects of grazers and P input are equal and additive, the range of mean crustacean lengths among lakes is approximately 1 mm, while the range of P input rates is substantially >1 mg/m super(3)/d. Therefore, the potential for increasing eutrophication by P input exceeds the potential for controlling eutrophication by food web manipulation. Nevertheless, biomanipulation can reduce chlorophyll concentration at P input rates of 1.5 mg/m super(3)/d or more; these rates characterize a large fraction of the world's stratified lakes. In this paper, we estimate effects of grazing and P input on phytoplankton biomass from whole-lake experiments in which food web structure and nutrient input were manipulated independently. This approach overcomes many of the problems noted above. We estimate and compare the probability distributions for effects of zooplankton grazing and P input, and consider their interactions. These distributions suggest that, with respect to chlorophyll responses, a 1-mm increase in mean grazer length is approximately equivalent to a 1 mg/m super(3)/d reduction in P input.Notes: TY - JOURTR: CS9618366


M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Cent. for Limnol., Univ. Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA

water of lake after biomanipulation in restoration of Duinigermeer, Netherlands)

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 530Author: Van Berkum, J. A.; Klinge, M.; Grimm, M. P.Year: 1995Title: Biomanipulation in the Duinigermeer; first resultsJournal: Netherlands Journal of Aquatic EcologyVolume: 29Issue: 1Pages: 81-90Accession Number: AN 1995:799365Keywords: Lakes (biomanipulation in restoration of Duinigermeer lake, Netherlands); Water pollution (biomanipulation in restoration of Duinigermeer, Netherlands); Chara (development in lake after biomanipulation in restoration of Duinigermeer, Netherlands); Waters (lake, biomanipulation in restoration of Duinigermeer lake, Netherlands)lake restoration biomanipulation Duinigermeer NetherlandsAbstract: In the Netherlands, biomanipulation is used in several cases as a follow-up measure after decrease of external nutrient loads. In order to investigate whether biomanipulation can contribute to the restoration of freshwater ecosystems, an expt. was carried out in the Duinigermeer, a 28-ha lake in de Wieden, an important nature reserve in the Netherlands. After removal of 80% of the fish stock, the lake became transparent and a 50% coverage of the bottom with Chara species developed. This paper gives a description of the measures and results, including some physicochem. water parameters. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 123:23716161-2WaterWater Quality Board West Overijssel,Zwolle,Neth.Journal1380-8427written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (in water of lake after biomanipulation in restoration of Duinigermeer, Netherlands)


Notes: CAN 123:349599

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 529Author: Roos, C.; Klinge, M.; Heringa, J.; Vries, D. A. de; Torenbeek, R.Year: 1995Title: Upscaling biomanipulation in 600 ha Lake ZuidlaardermeerJournal: Water Science and TechnologyVolume: 31Issue: 8, Integrated Water Resources ManagementPages: 235-8Accession Number: AN 1995:942439Keywords: Fish; Water pollution; Wind (upscaling biomanipulation in Lake Zuidlaardermeer in Netherlands); Plant (macrophytic, upscaling biomanipulation in Lake Zuidlaardermeer in Netherlands); Plankton (zoo-, upscaling biomanipulation in Lake Zuidlaardermeer in Netherlands)biomanipulation Lake Zuidlaardermeer NetherlandsAbstract: In the 600 ha Lake Zuidlaardermeer in the Netherlands enclosure expts. were carried out in order to test the feasibility of biomanipulation. In 2 enclosures of 625 m2 each the effects of redn. of fish and wind and waves on water chem., phyto- and zooplankton and submerged macrophytes were studied and compared to the lake. In the fishless enclosure transparency increased from 40 to 120 cm, chlorophyll a dropped from 70 to 20 mg/L, total P dropped from 0.20 to 0.10 mg/L, Daphnia sp. >1 mm increased from 30 to 130 individuals/L and submerged macrophytes returned. The fish enclosure largely behaved in a way intermediate between the fishless enclosure and the lake transparency increased to 60 cm, chlorophyll a dropped to 40 mg/L, total P dropped to 0.12 mg/L and Daphnia sp. >1 mm increased to 80/L. Submerged macrophytes however did not develop. The expts. show the potential of the lake for ecol. rehabilitation. Nevertheless the effect of wind and waves on a larger scale remains uncertain. Therefore, plans have been made to build a larger enclosure (40-100 ha). In this way, the effects of fish and wind and waves can be studied on a larger scale while at the same time recovery of the submerged macrophytes within this enclosure will be a significant step towards ecol. rehabilitation of the whole lake. Beside the return of the submerged macrophytes the management is also aimed at the development of substantial amts. of emergent vegetation, thus supporting enough Northern Pike (Esox lucius L.) for regulation of the planktivorous fish community. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 123:349599


61-2WaterWitteveen and Bos Consulting Engineers,Deventer,Neth.Journal0273-1223written in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), OCCU (Occurrence) (upscaling biomanipulation in Lake Zuidlaardermeer in Netherlands)

web dynamics and water quality, we stocked larval walleye (9 mm TL)

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 665Author: Qin, Jianguang; Culver, D. A.Year: 1995Title: Effect of young-of-the-year walleye (Percidae: Stizostedion vitreum) on plankton dynamics and water quality in pondsJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 297Issue: 3Pages: 217-227Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 51Keywords: pondspredationfood webspopulation dynamicsplanktonbiological productionfreshwater fishwater qualityalgaeproductivitywalleyeStizostedion vitreumUSA, OhioFreshwaterAbstract: To understand the impact of young-of-the-year (YOY) fish on food web dynamics and water quality, we stocked larval walleye (9 mm TL)


(Stizostedion vitreum) in six experimental ponds using two fish densities (10 and 50 fish/m super(3)) with three replicates. At high fish density, the average abundances of cladocerans and copepods and the Secchi depth were lower whereas abundances of rotifers and algae, gross primary productivity (GPP), pH and total phosphorus concentration were higher than at low fish density. Fish impact on bacterial abundance, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, however, was not significant. The within treatment measurements of all variables except GPP were significantly different over time. Our results indicate that YOY walleye predation at high density can affect plankton community by reducing large zooplankton biomass and water clarity, and increasing phytoplankton abundance. The impact of YOY piscivorous fish on plankton should be considered when biomanipulation is applied for improvement of water quality.Notes: TY - JOURTR: CS9506201M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dep. Zool., Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210, USA

eutrophic lakes

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 666Author: Ogilvie, S. C.; Mitchell, S. F.Year: 1995Title: A model of mussel filtration in a shallow New Zealand lake, with reference to eutrophication controlJournal: Archiv fur Hydrobiologie.StuttgartVolume: 133Issue: 4Pages: 471-482Alternate Journal: Arch.Hydrobiol.Label: 54Keywords: filter feedersactivity patternsbiomassmodellingchlorophyllsphytoplanktondry weighteutrophicationeutrophic lakes


New Zealandfreshwater mollusksHydridella menziesiChoricystis coccoidesFreshwaterAbstract: Filtration by the freshwater mussel (Hyridella menziesi) population of Lake Tuakitoto (New Zealand) was modelled by determining the population biomass, filtration capability, and proportion of time spent filtering. The mean mussel biomass in the lake was 12.3 g/m super(2) AFDW, the mean filtration rate of 32 mussels was 1.9 L/hr/g at 19-21 degree C, and mussels actively filtered for 93% of the time. It was calculated that the mussel population of Lake Tuakitoto filters a volume of water equal to that of the lake once every 32 hours, which represents an exponential grazing rate on the phytoplankton of 0.29/day. Mussel grazing may account for the observed suppression of chlorophyll-a concentrations to about 10% of those predicted by phosphorus-chlorophyll relationships in this lake. Hyridella was found to filter dinoflagellate cells from a nuisance bloom in another hypereutrophic lake at about 35% of their rate when feeding on the green algae, Choricystis coccoides. These results suggest that Hyridella has potential as a biomanipulation tool for control of phytoplankton in eutrophic lakes.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Bibliogr.: 32 ref.; TR: BF9601160M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, P.O. Box 31 011, Christchurch, New Zealand

Keywords: lake manipulation; long-term limnological observation;

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 479Author: Koschel, R.Year: 1995Title: Manipulation of whole-lake ecosystems and long-term limnological observations in the Brandenburg-Mecklenburg Lake District, GermanyJournal: Internationale Revue Der Gesamten HydrobiologieVolume: 80Issue: 4Pages: 507-518Alternate Journal: Int. Rev. Gesamten Hydrobiol.Accession Number: ISI:A1995TU05800002Keywords: lake manipulation; long-term limnological observation;


KOSCHEL R, 1993, VERH INT VER LIMNOL, V25, P647

biomanipulation;lake-dividing; Lake Stechlineutrophication; biomanipulationAbstract: An accompanying technical use of ecological effects from pelagic food-web interactions (biofiltration) or from sediment (nutrient remobilization) can speed up recovery of lake ecosystems and can make restoration programs more effective after external load reductions. At present the comprehensive use of multiple ecotechnological controls for water quality is limited because our knowledge of the many complex interactions. indirect effects and above all the long-term effects of such operations is insufficient. Beginning in the 1960s we started long-term limnological analyses of the trophic interactions between community structure and the flow of matter under ''manipulated'' conditions in whole-lake experiments at Lake Stechlin (manipulated water circulation and waste heat), Lake Haussee (biomanipulation) and Lake Fuchskuhle (lake-dividing). This paper summarises changes in abiotic and biotic structures and functions of the manipulated lake ecosystems and discusses the possibilities and limitations of ''whole-lake'' experiments.Notes: Cited Reference Count: 40Cited References: BABENZIEN HD, 1990, ARCH HYDROBIOL S, V34, P175 BABENZIEN HD, 1991, VERH INT VEREIN LIMN, V24, P2613 BENNDORF J, 1988, LIMNOLOGICA BERLIN, V19, P5 BENNDORF J, 1988, WASSERWIRTSCHAFT WAS, V8, P173 BENNDORF J, 1990, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V200, P187 BENNDORF J, 1994, LIMNOLOGICA, V24, P121 BJORK S, 1979, ARCH HYDROBIOL S, V13, P31 CASPER P, 1992, ARCH HYDROBIOL S, V37, P149 CASPER SJ, 1985, MONOGRAPHIAE BIOL, V58 COOKE GD, 1993, RESTORATION MANAGMEN KASPRZAK P, 1988, LIMNOLOGICA, V19, P161 KASPRZAK P, 1988, LIMNOLOGICA, V19, P87 KASPRZAK P, 1993, MEM I ITAL IDROBIOL, V52, P151 KASPRZAK P, 1993, VERH INT VEREIN LIMN, V25, P652 KLAPPER H, 1992, EUTROPHIERUNG GEWASS KOSCHEL R, 1983, ARCH HYDROBIOL, V98, P380 KOSCHEL R, 1985, MONOGR BIOL, V58, P411 KOSCHEL R, 1986, BIOL RUNDSCH, V24, P179 KOSCHEL R, 1990, ARCH HYDROBIOL S, V33, P713 KOSCHEL R, 1993, VERH INT VER LIMNOL, V25, P647


KOSCHEL R, 1994, BEITR ANGEWANDTEN GE, V1, P46 KRIENITZ L, 1993, VERH INT VEREIN LIMN, V25, P170 LAMPERT W, 1988, LIMNOLOGICA, V19, P11 LUND JWG, 1982, PROGR PHYCOLOGICAL R, V1, P1 LUNDQUIST I, 1982, LAKES WATER MANAGEME, P147 MCQUEEN DJ, 1990, VERH INT VEREIN LIMN, V24, P335 MITSCH WJ, 1989, ECOLOGICAL ENG ODUM HT, 1983, SYSTEMS ECOLOGY ODUM HT, 1989, ECOLOGICAL ENG INTRO, P79 RICHTER D, 1967, LIMNOLOGICA, V5, P299 RICHTER D, 1985, MONOGR BIOL, V58, P41 RONNEBERGER D, 1993, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V255, P297 RYDING SO, MAN BIOSPHERE SERIES, V1 SAS H, 1989, LAKE RESTORATION RED SCHARF B, LIMNOLOGIE PRAXIS GR, P275 SCHINDLER DW, 1974, J FISH RES BOARD CAN, V31, P937 SCHREIBER A, 1993, DTSCH GESELLSCHAFT L, P157 STRASKRABA M, 1985, FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM UHLMANN D, 1982, INT REV GES HYDROBIO, V67, P821 UHLMANN D, 1983, WISS Z TU DRESDEN, V32, P109EnglishArticleINT REV GESAMTEN HYDROBIOLURL: <Go to ISI>://A1995TU05800002Author Address: Koschel, R, INST FRESHWATER & FISH ECOL,DEPT LIMNOL STRATIFIED LAKES,ALTE FISCHERHUTTE 2,D-16775 NEUGLOBSOW,GERMANY.

Alternate Journal: Ecol.Eng.

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 668Author: Jayaweera, M.; Asaeda, T.Year: 1995Title: Impacts of environmental scenarios on chlorophyll-a in the management of shallow, eutrophic lakes following biomanipulation: An application of a numerical modelJournal: Ecological EngineeringVolume: 5Issue: 4Pages: 445-468Alternate Journal: Ecol.Eng.


Label: 55Keywords: lakesmodelsphytoplanktoneutrophic environmentswater reclamationeutrophicationhabitat improvementeutrophic lakeschlorophyll aNetherlandschlorophyll-aAbstract: Accurate prediction of species changes in lake ecosystems following biomanipulation measures is of paramount importance in view of water quality management. The temporal variation of phytoplankton biomass as chlorophyll-a and transparency as Secchi depth measurements are studied in the Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom, The Netherlands, with a comprehensive structural dynamic model. In the formulation of the biological model, phytoplankton as several species, zooplankton, detritus, planktivores and benthivores, and piscivores are considered to be major contributing state variables for the model. The primary goal of this paper is to describe the possible impacts of several environmental scenarios on chlorophyll-a biomass qualitatively as it would help lake and environmental managers and relevant authorities elucidate the processes of eutrophication and biomanipulation in a broad way. Some of the scenarios that have been studied by this model are: (1) The effect of fixed stoichiometry in terms of internal nitrogen and phosphorus that are tied up within algal cells; (2) the effects of external phosphorus limitation; (3) light limitation and external nitrogen limitation on algal growth; (4) probable consequences that have taken place within the chlorophyll-a biomass due to change in biomasses of various aquatic organisms; and (5) possible changes of chlorophyll-a biomass due to higher temperatures caused by global warming.Notes: TY - JOURTR: CS9621709M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dep. Civ. and Environ. Eng., Saitama Univ., 255, Shimo-okubo, Urawa, Saitama 33, Japan



declined again and a species shift occurred, following an increase of

Author: Janse, J. H.; Van Donk, E.; Gulati, R. D.Year: 1995Title: Modeling nutrient cycles in relation to food web structure in a biomanipulated shallow lakeJournal: Netherlands Journal of Aquatic EcologyVolume: 29Issue: 1Pages: 67-79Accession Number: AN 1995:799364Keywords: Environmental modeling; Lakes; Water pollution (modeling nutrient cycles in relation to food web structure in a biomanipulated shallow lake); Algae; Cyanobacteria; Fish (modeling nutrient cycles in relation to food web structure in a biomanipulated shallow lake in relation to); Ecology (food-chain, aquatic, modeling nutrient cycles in relation to food web structure in a biomanipulated shallow lake); Geological sediments (lake, modeling nutrient cycles in relation to food web structure in a biomanipulated shallow lake); Plant (macrophytic, modeling nutrient cycles in relation to food web structure in a biomanipulated shallow lake in relation to); Plankton (phyto-, modeling nutrient cycles in relation to food web structure in a biomanipulated shallow lake in relation to); Plankton (zoo-, modeling nutrient cycles in relation to food web structure in a biomanipulated shallow lake in relation to)lake biomanipulated nutrient cycle modeling Netherlands; phosphorus cycling lake modeling Netherlands; nitrogen cycling lake modeling Netherlands; pollution lake restoration nutrient modeling; sediment lake ecosystem nutrient modelingAbstract: The model PCLAKE describes the phosphorus and nitrogen cycles within a shallow lake ecosystem, including the sediment and a simplified biol. food web. All components are modelled in a generalized way rather than a very detailed one. This model has been applied to Lake Zwemlust, a small biomanipulated lake in the Netherlands. Formerly, this highly eutrophic lake was dominated by cyanobacteria and devoid of macrophytes. Biomanipulation was carried out in 1987 by pumping out the water, removal of all fish, and refilling the lake with seepage water. The lake was restocked with some rudd, pike, zooplankton, and seedlings of macrophytes and then monitored up to 1992. Macrophytes developed rather quickly and reached their max. biomass during the six-year period in 1989. Despite the continuously high nutrient (N and P) loading, algal biomass remained low due to nitrogen limitation, caused by competition with the macrophytes. From 1990 onwards, the macrophytes declined again and a species shift occurred, following an increase of


herbivorous birds on the lake and the development of herbivorous fishes. Model simulations grossly reproduced the obsd. developments in Lake Zwemlust before and after the biomanipulation measures. The existence of multiple steady states at the same trophic state and the possible shift between them could be simulated well. This study also demonstrates the interrelation between system structure and the distribution and cycling of nutrients. It is concluded that, within general boundary conditions set by the trophic state of the system, the food web structure dets. the actual nutrient flows and the occurrence of nutrient limitations of the primary producers. It is shown that both aspects can be integrated in one math. model. The long-term stability of the macrophyte dominance in the lake is discussed. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 123:23705961-1WaterLab. Water and Drinking Water Research,RIVM,Bilthoven,Neth.Journal1380-8427written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: BPR (Biological process), BSU (Biological study, unclassified), GOC (Geological or astronomical occurrence), BIOL (Biological study), OCCU (Occurrence), PROC (Process) (modeling nutrient cycles in relation to food web structure in a biomanipulated shallow lake)

Abstract: A review with 53 refs. [on SciFinder (R)]

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 528Author: Benndorf, JuergenYear: 1995Title: Possibilities and limits for controlling eutrophication by biomanipulationJournal: Internationale Revue der Gesamten HydrobiologieVolume: 80Issue: 4Pages: 519-34Accession Number: AN 1996:222783Keywords: Eutrophication (opportunities and limits for controlling eutrophication by biomanipulation)eutrophication lake control biomanipulation reviewAbstract: A review with 53 refs. [on SciFinder (R)]


Notes: CAN 125:1821361-0WaterInst. Hydrobiol.,Tech. Univ. Dresden,Dresden,Germany.Journal; General Review0020-9309written in English.

poor competitors. The concept demonstrates that with increasing

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 670Author: Riegman, R.; Kuipers, B. R.Year: 1994Title: Resource competition and selective grazing of plankton in a multispecies pelagic food web modelJournal: Marine EcologyVolume: 15Issue: 2Pages: 153-164Alternate Journal: Mar.Ecol.Label: 57Keywords: Food websZooplanktonSelective feedingGrazingCompetitionEutrophicationEnergy balanceEcological balancePhytoplanktonmodelspelagic environmentMarineAbstract: An idealized mathematical, multispecies model of the pelagic foodweb was used to explore the impact of resource competition, selective grazing, and species composition within each trophic level on the structure and functioning of a foodweb at a variety of light irradiance and nutrient levels. This concept is based on the general assumption that poorly edible species are poor competitors. The concept demonstrates that with increasing


eutrophication, specialists in competition will be replaced by generalists and subsequently by poorly edible primary producers. Controlling factors not only determine the growth rate of primary producers but also select predators according to their ability to utilize the energy fixation of the system. Plankton community structure seems to adapt in such a way that the energy fixation rate of the system is optimized at a given set of nutrients and light. Red tides, dense algal blooms in shallow lakes and the varying results of biomanipulation in shallow lakes, can be explained by the concept of selective grazing. If this assumption is correct, the same ecosystem concept may be applicable for terrestrial ecosystems.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Received May 1997.; TR: BF9700965M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, P.O. Box 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Netherlands

delaying restoration following the control of P from sewage discharges.

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 532Author: Phillips, Geoffrey; Jackson, Roselyn; Bennett, Claire; Chilvers, AlisonYear: 1994Title: The importance of sediment phosphorus release in the restoration of very shallow lakes (the Norfolk Broads, England) and implications for biomanipulationJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 275/276Pages: 445-56Accession Number: AN 1994:252775Keywords: Chironomidae (sediment phosphorus release due to bioturbation by, lake restoration in relation to, of Norfolk Broads, England); Geological sediments (lake, phosphorus in, lake restoration in relation to, of Norfolk Broads, England); Waters (lake, sediment phosphorus effect on restoration of, of Norfolk Broads, England)sediment phosphorus lake restorationAbstract: P release from the sediments of very shallow lakes, the Norfolk Broads, can be as high as 278 mg/m2-day. These high rates are assocd. with high total sediment Fe:P ratios and occur when sulfide from sulfate redn. removes Fe(II) from the pore water. There is also evidence that bioturbation from benthic chironomids can enhance P release rates, particularly in sediments low in total Fe. The release of P from the sediments of these lakes is delaying restoration following the control of P from sewage discharges.


Biomanipulation is used in these lakes to create clear water and re-establish aquatic macrophytes. This removal of fish has allowed larger populations of benthic chironomid larvae to develop which may result in an increase in the rate of P release and changes to the pore profiles of dissolved P, sol. Fe and free sulfide. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 120:25277561-2WaterNatl. Rivers Author.,Ipswich/Suffolk,UK.Journal0018-8158written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (sediment pollution by, lake restoration in relation to, of Norfolk Broads, England)

Abstract: Biomanipulation and diversion of nutrients can affect not only the

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 671Author: Nielsen, S. N.Year: 1994Title: Modelling structural dynamical changes in a Danish shallow lakeJournal: Ecological ModellingVolume: 73Issue: 1-2Pages: 13-30Alternate Journal: Ecol.Model.Label: 58Keywords: phytoplanktonspecies compositiontrophic relationshipsnutrient dynamicslakescommunity compositioneutrophic lakestrophic structurenutrients (mineral)DenmarkFreshwaterAbstract: Biomanipulation and diversion of nutrients can affect not only the


eutrophication level, but also the trophic structure and species composition of the phytoplankton society in lakes. Existing models often fail to describe the reactions of the ecosystem when such qualitative changes are involved. For this purpose structural dynamic models are needed. This paper presents the first attempt to model the qualitative changes that have been observed to occur in a Danish shallow lake as a result of biomanipulation. A structural dynamic model was developed that included nine species or types of algae normally observed in Danish shallow lakes. The high flow ratio of the lake was assumed to justify that summer conditions would represent a steady state of the system. The parameters of the model were calibrated until the model gave adequate results. The available mathematical tools normally used for calibration were found to give unsatisfactory results. The calibration therefore had to be carried out by running the model repetitively, adjusting parameters until it was able to perform according to the changes actually observed in the lake chosen for this case study. The use of parameters from literature to characterize the different types of algae is shown to have a great impact on this phase of model development. The calibration was found to be very time consuming, mainly due to uncertainties connected to the input parameters. The importance and uncertainty of the parameters chosen indicate that we may probably have to choose new strategies for similar modelling approaches in the future, such as the application of goal functions. The implementations would allow parameters to vary during simulations in order to simulate ecosystem properties, such as adaptational processes and buffering capacities which are features possessed by natural ecosystems.Notes: TY - JOURTR: CS9413479M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Danish Sch. Pharm., Dep. Gen. Chem., Environ. Chem. Sect., DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

Issue: 5

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 672Author: Matveev, V.; Matveeva, L.; Jones, G. J.Year: 1994Title: Study of the ability of Daphnia carinata King to control phytoplankton and resist cyanobacterial toxicity: Implications for biomanipulation in AustraliaJournal: Aust.J.Mar.Freshwat.Res.Volume: 45Issue: 5


Notes: TY - JOUR

Pages: 889-904Label: 56Keywords: biological controlphytoplanktontoxicityalgal bloomstrophodynamic cycleenvironment managementbiological poisonsgrazingalgaelakesfreshwater ecologytoxinsCyanophytaDaphniachlorophyll aDaphnia carinataAustraliaFreshwaterAbstract: The properties of Daphnia carinata King as a grazer for use in biomanipulation trials were investigated. Mesocosm experiments suggested that in water from a lake where D. carinata was scarce, phytoplankton was nutrient-limited and the manipulated biomass of zooplankton had no effect on total chlorophyll a, whereas in water from a lake where D. carinata was dominant, nutrients were not limiting and total chlorophyll a was negatively correlated with the manipulated biomass of zooplankton. When offered lake phytoplankton in feeding trials, D. carinata consumed all items present, including colonies of cyanobacteria and long filaments of diatoms. In large outdoor tanks with natural plankton, the biovolume of prokaryotic ultraplankton (possible predecessors of cyanobacterial blooms) was consistently reduced in the presence of D. carinata. There was no evidence of an adverse effect of single-celled Microcystis aeruginosa containing the peptide toxin microcystin-LR on D. carinata grazing rates of survival. Different concentrations of microcystin-LR in solution covering the range of toxicities observed during M. aeruginosa blooms (5-500 nM) had no effect on D. carinata grazing. The suppression of phytoplankton biomass by D. carinata grazing is one of several possible mechanisms that might be considered for biomanipulation in Australia.Notes: TY - JOUR


NT: Special issue: Cyanobacterial research in Australia.; TR: CS9510790M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Murray-Darling Freshwat. Res. Cent., P.O. Box 921, Albury, N.S.W. 2640, Australia

Author Address: Wetland Wildl. Popul. and Res. Group, Dep. Nat. Resour., 102

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 673Author: Hanson, M. A.; Butler, M. G.Year: 1994Title: Responses of plankton, turbidity, and macrophytes to biomanipulation in a shallow prairie lakeJournal: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic SciencesVolume: 51Issue: 5Pages: 1180-1188Alternate Journal: Can.J.Fish.Aquat.Sci.Label: 59Keywords: trophic relationshipsfish killeutrophic lakescommunity compositionplanktonturbidityaquatic plantsfood websUSA, Minnesota, Christina L.FreshwaterAbstract: Effects of complete fish kill were evaluated in a large, shallow, eutrophic lake in Minnesota. The fish kill invoked a strong initial response that transmitted to the phytoplankton level and increased water clarity. Higher transparency persisted during subsequent years because submerged macrophytes both responded to improved water clarity and subsequently prolonged it. These results support the contention that removal of fish from shallow lakes may invoke "cascading impacts" that enhance water clarity, stimulate macrophytes, and establish a new steady state.Notes: TY - JOURTR: CA9400627M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Wetland Wildl. Popul. and Res. Group, Dep. Nat. Resour., 102


23rd St., Bemidji, MN 56601, USA

production:biomass ratio increased. In year five, chrysophytes dominated as

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 674Author: Findlay, D. L.; Kasian, S. E. M.; Hendzel, L. L.; Regehr, G. W.; Schindler, E. U.; Shearer, J. A.Year: 1994Title: Biomanipulation of Lake 221 in the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA): Effects on phytoplankton and nutrientsJournal: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences/Journal Canadien des Sciences Halieutiques et Aquatiques.OttawaVolume: 51Issue: 12Pages: 2794-2807Alternate Journal: Can.J.Fish.Aquat.Sci./J.Can.Sci.Halieut.Aquat.Label: 60Keywords: trophic relationshipsintroduced speciesfreshwater fishphytoplanktonnutrients (mineral)lakesPerca flavescensEsox luciusCanada, Ontario, Experimental Lakes AreaFreshwaterAbstract: Lake 221 was dominated by omnivorous perch (Perca flavescens); the addition of northern pike (Esox lucius) resulted in trophic changes that eventually affected the phytoplankton community. Two years following the introduction of pike, perch were greatly reduced. Subsequently, Chaoborus abundance increased, rotifer and cladoceran abundance and biomass decreased, and the large-bodied cladoceran Daphnia catawba increased. The phytoplankton community shifted from chlorophyte to cyanophyte codominance with dinoflagellates. Phytoplankton biomass and phosphorus (P) increased because of nutrient recycling and excretion by pike and zooplankton. In years three and four, algal biomass and the ratio of suspended to dissolved P decreased because a larger portion of dissolved P was bound in an increased bacterial population. Phytoplankton cell size and production decreased, but the production:biomass ratio increased. In year five, chrysophytes dominated as


phytoplankton biomass and production increased and bacterial abundance declined. Phytoplankton responses were primarily an indirect result of the introduction of piscivorous fish, which altered internal nutrient recycling. This paper is one of a series done in honour of the 25th anniversary of the Experimental Lakes Area.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Incl. 59 ref.; TR: CA9500333M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dep. Fish. and Oceans, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada

bacterial population. Phytoplankton cell size and production decreased, but the

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 480Author: Findlay, D. L.; Kasian, S. E. M.; Hendzel, L. L.; Regehr, G. W.; Schindler, E. U.; Shearer, J. A.Year: 1994Title: Biomanipulation of Lake-221 in the Experimental Lakes Area (Ela) - Effects on Phytoplankton and NutrientsJournal: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic SciencesVolume: 51Issue: 12Pages: 2794-2807Date: DecAlternate Journal: Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.Accession Number: ISI:A1994RD71800017Keywords: particle-size selection; community structure; lugol iodine;zooplankton; growth; phosphorus; bacteria; rates; regeneration; dynamicsAbstract: Lake 221 was dominated by omnivorous perch (Perca flavescens); the addition of northern pike (Esox lucius) resulted in trophic changes that eventually affected the phytoplankton community. Two years following the introduction of pike, perch were greatly reduced. Subsequently, Chaoborus abundance increased, rotifer and cladoceran abundance and biomass decreased, and the large-bodied cladoceran Daphnia catawba increased. The phytoplankton community shifted from chlorophyte to cyanophyte codominance with dinoflagellates. Phytoplankton biomass and phosphorus (P) increased because of nutrient recycling and excretion by pike and zooplankton. In years three and four, algal biomass and the ratio of suspended to dissolved P decreased because a larger portion of dissolved P was bound in an increased bacterial population. Phytoplankton cell size and production decreased, but the


NISHINO SF, 1986, APPL ENVIRON MICROB, V52, P602

production:biomass ratio increased. In year five, chrysophytes dominated as phytoplankton biomass and production increased and bacterial abundance declined. Phytoplankton responses were primarily an indirect result of the introduction of piscivorous fish, which altered internal nutrient recycling.Notes: Cited Reference Count: 59Cited References: 1990, SAS USERS GUIDE STAT ARAI S, 1975, B FRESHWATER FISHERI, V25, P33 ARCHBOLD JHG, 1985, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V126, P97 BIRD DF, 1989, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V34, P155 BRABAND A, 1985, INT VER THEOR ANGEW, V19, P2553 CAMPBELL P, 1994, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V51, P2739 CARPENTER SR, 1984, AM NAT, V124, P159 CARPENTER SR, 1985, BIOSCIENCE, V35, P635 CARPENTER SR, 1992, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V7, P332 DURBIN J, 1951, BIOMETRIKA, V37, P409 ELSER JJ, 1988, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V33, P1 FEE EJ, 1990, 1740 FISH AQ SCI CAN FEE EJ, 1992, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V49, P2445 FENCHEL T, 1980, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V25, P733 FINDLAY DL, 1990, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V47, P1378 FINDLAY DL, 1991, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V48, P1022 HEALEY FP, 1975, 585 CAN FISH MAR SER HESSEN OD, 1992, ERGEB LIMNOL, V35, P11 HOBBIE JE, 1977, APPLIED ENV MICROBIO, V33, P1225 JONSSON PR, 1986, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V33, P265 KITCHELL JF, 1975, VERH INT VEREIN LIMN, V19, P2478 KNOECHEL R, 1986, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V31, P1 LALL SP, 1977, 688 CAN FISH MAR SER LAMARRA VA, 1975, VERH INT VEREIN LIMN, V19, P2461 LYNCH M, 1981, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V26, P92 MCMAHON JW, 1965, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V10, P105 MCQUEEN DJ, 1985, LAKE RESERVOIR MANAG, P35 MCQUEEN DJ, 1989, ECOL MONOGR, V59, P289 NAKASHIMA BS, 1980, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V37, P1540 NAUWERCK A, 1963, S BOT UPS, V17 NEILL WE, 1981, OECOLOGIA, V48, P164 NIELSEN SL, 1990, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V35, P177 NISHINO SF, 1986, APPL ENVIRON MICROB, V52, P602


OGRADY KA, 1987, THESIS U W ONTARIO L POMROY AJ, 1984, APPL ENVIRON MICROB, V47, P1191 PORTER KG, 1979, NATURE, V277, P563 PORTER KG, 1980, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V25, P943 REINERTSEN H, 1986, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V43, P1135 ROTHHAUPT KO, 1992, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V37, P750 SANDERS RW, 1989, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V34, P673 SANDERS RW, 1990, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V35, P1821 SCHINDLER DE, 1992, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V49, P2498 SCHLESINGER DA, 1981, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V38, P1052 SHAPIRO J, 1975, P S WAT QUAL MAN BIO, P85 SHAPIRO J, 1980, HYPERTROPHIC ECOSYST, P105 SHEARER JA, 1978, 772 CAN FISH MAR SER SHEARER JA, 1985, 1341 FISH AQ SCI CAN SHEARER KD, 1984, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V41, P1592 STAINTON MP, 1977, CAN FISH MAR SERV MI, V25 STEWARTOATEN A, 1986, ECOLOGY, V67, P929 STEWARTOATEN A, 1992, ECOLOGY, V73, P1396 SWIFT MC, 1976, ECOLOGY, V57, P900 TEZUKA Y, 1990, MICROBIAL ECOL, V19, P227 THRELKELD ST, 1987, PREDATION DIRECT IND, P161 THRELKELD ST, 1988, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V33, P1362 VADSTEIN O, 1988, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V33, P489 VANNI MJ, 1987, ECOLOGY, V68, P624 VANNI MJ, 1990, ECOLOGY, V71, P921 VOLLENWEIDER RA, 1968, OECD DASCSI6827 TECHEnglishArticleCAN J FISHERIES AQUAT SCIURL: <Go to ISI>://A1994RD71800017Author Address: FINDLAY, DL, FISHERIES & OCEANS CANADA,INST FRESHWATER,CENT & ARCTIC REG,501 UNIV CRESCENT,WINNIPEG,MB R3T 2N6,CANADA.

Title: Macrophyte-related shifts in the nitrogen and phosphorus contents of the

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 534Author: van Donk, Ellen; Gulati, Ramesh D.; Iedema, Arjen; Meulemans, John T.Year: 1993Title: Macrophyte-related shifts in the nitrogen and phosphorus contents of the


61-1

different trophic levels in a biomanipulated shallow lakeJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 251Issue: 1-3Pages: 19-26Accession Number: AN 1993:479444Keywords: Water pollution (by nitrogen and phosphorus, macrophyte shifting in relation to, of shallow Lake Zwemlust, Netherlands); Eutrophication (of Lake Zwemlust, the Netherlands, macrophyte shifting and nutrient level in relation to); Plant (aquatic macrophytic, nitrogen and phosphorus level in relation to, in shallow Lake Zwemlust, Netherlands)nitrogen trophic state shallow lake; phosphorus trophic state shallow lake; macrophyte shift nutrient trophic lake; lake nitrogen phosphorus trophy biomanipulationAbstract: Lake Zwemlust, a small highly eutrophic lake in the Province of Utrecht, the Netherlands, was biomanipulated without reducing the external nutrient loading, and the effects were studied for 4 yr. Despite the high external nutrient loads to the lake (.apprx.2.4 g P/m2-yr and .apprx.9.6 g N/m2-yr), the effects of biomanipulation on the lake ecosystem were pronounced. Before biomanipulation, no submerged vegetation was present in the lake, and P and N were stored in the phytoplankton (44% N, 47% P), fish (33% N, 9% P), and dissolved forms (23% N, 44% P). In the spring and summer following the biomanipulation (1987), zooplankton grazing controlled the phytoplankton biomass and .apprx.90% of N and P were present in dissolved form in the water. From 1988 onwards, submerged macrophyte stands continue to thrive, reducing the ammonium and nitrate concns. in the water to below detection levels. In July, 1989, storage of N and P in the macrophytes reached 86% and 80%, resp. Elodea nuttallii, the dominant species in 1988 and 1989, acted as sink both for N and P during spring and early summer, withdrawing ?60% of its N and P content from the sediment. At the end of the year only part of the N and P from the decayed macrophytes (.apprx.30% of N and .apprx.60% of P) was recovered in the water phase of the ecosystem (chiefly in dissolved forms). The rest remained in the sediment, although some N may have been released from the lake by denitrification. In the summer of 1990, only 30% of the N and P were found in the macrophytes (dominant species Ceratophyllum demersum), while .apprx.30% of N and P were again stored in phytoplankton and fish. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 119:7944461-1


WaterDep. Nat. Conserv.,Agric. Univ.,Wageningen,Neth.Journal0018-8158written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: OCCU (Occurrence) (in water, macrophyte shifts and trophic state in relation to, of Lake Zwemlust, Netherlands)

of zooplanktivorous fish and introduced pike-perch, the structure of the

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 675Author: Kasprzak, P.; Krienitz, L.; Koschel, R.Year: 1993Title: Changes in the plankton of Lake Feldberger Haussee (Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) in response to biomanipulationJournal: Archiv fur Hydrobiologie.StuttgartVolume: 128Issue: 2Pages: 149-168Alternate Journal: Arch.Hydrobiol.Label: 61Keywords: zooplanktonnutrients (mineral)phytoplanktonfilter feederseutrophic lakesalgal bloomsdominant speciespopulation densityregression analysisbiomassDaphniaEudiaptomus gracilisStizostedion luciopercaGermany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Feldberger Haussee L.FreshwaterAbstract: During a restoration programme (Stizostedion lucioperca) the harvest of zooplanktivorous fish and introduced pike-perch, the structure of the


plankton community of the highly eutrophic Lake Haussee changed distinctly. Two of the main differences were the changes in suspension-feeding crustacean plankton (Daphnia, Eudiaptomus gracilis) and the replacement of the former phytoplankton community of green algae by filamentous cyanobacteria. Field observations show that the annual overlap between zooplankton and the blue-greens has increased during the last years. In 1985 it amounted to about 30 days, whereas in 1991 and 1992 zooplankton developed nearly all the time in the presence of high concentrations of filamentous cyanobacteria. The concentration of the blue-greens varied between 2.2 mg WW/L and 21.5 mg WW/L (mean July-September, 1987/1992). Regression analysis showed that the filamentous cyanobacteria had a statistically significant influence on the biomass of Eudiaptomus gracilis. The biomass of Daphnia cucullata, Daphnia hyalina, and the egg stocks of D. cucullata and E. gracilis did not vary significantly with the concentration of blue-greens.Notes: TY - JOURTR: BF9301979M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Inst. Freshwat. and Fish Ecol., Dep. Limnol. Stratified Lakes, D-16775 Neuglobsow, FRG

macroinvertebrate, in lake water following restoration measures, inflow water

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 533Author: Driessen, Onneke; Pex, Bert; Tolkamp, Harry H.Year: 1993Title: Restoration of a lake: first results and problemsJournal: Verhandlungen - Internationale Vereinigung fuer Theoretische und Angewandte LimnologieVolume: 25Issue: 1Pages: 617-20Accession Number: AN 1994:14392Keywords: Algae (in lake water following restoration measures, inflow water quality effect on, of IJzeren Lake, Netherlands); Phosphates Role: OCCU (Occurrence) (in lake water following restoration measures, inflow water quality effect on, of IJzeren Lake, Netherlands); Fish (in lake water following restoration measures, stocking and inflow water quality effect on, of IJzeren Lake, Netherlands); Alkalinity (of lake water following restoration measures, inflow water quality effect on, of IJzeren Lake, Netherlands); Animal (aquatic macroinvertebrate, in lake water following restoration measures, inflow water


quality effect on, of IJzeren Lake, Netherlands); Plant (aquatic macrophytic, in lake water following restoration measures, inflow water quality effect on, of IJzeren Lake, Netherlands); Waters (lake, pumping dry and reshaping and fish restocking restoration of, physicochem. and biol. compn. following, inflow water quality effect on, of IJzeren Lake, Netherlands); Plankton (zoo-, freshwater, in lake water following restoration measures, inflow water quality effect on, of IJzeren Lake, Netherlands)lake restoration result problem Netherlands; physicochemistry restored IJzeren Man Lake; macrophyte restored IJzeren Man Lake; algae restored IJzeren Man Lake; zooplankton restored IJzeren Man Lake; fish restored IJzeren Man LakeAbstract: Biomanipulation was used to control eutrophication of IJzeren Man Lake, a flooded sandpit in the southern part of the Netherlands. In 1989, the lake was pumped dry, the fish removed, the bottom profile reshaped, and fish restocked. Although most nutrients were removed by pumping dry, inflow of eutrophic water from a canal again caused nutrient enrichment. Data collected before and after the restoration measures are presented. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 120:1439261-1WaterLimburg Water Pollut. Control Auth.,Roermond,Neth.Journal0368-0770written in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a); 7727-37-9 (Nitrogen) Role: OCCU (Occurrence) (in lake water following restoration measures, inflow water quality effect on, of IJzeren Lake, Netherlands)

Accession Number: AN 1992:537044

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 537Author: Van Liere, Louis; Gulati, Ramesh D.Year: 1992Title: Restoration and recovery of shallow eutrophic lake ecosystems in the Netherlands: epilogueJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 233Issue: 1-3Pages: 283-7Accession Number: AN 1992:537044


Keywords: Eutrophication (of lakes, restoration of, in Netherlands); Waters (lake, eutrophic, restoration of, in Netherlands)review eutrophic lake restoration NetherlandsAbstract: The review, with 26 refs., covers eutrophic lake restoration in the Netherlands, including P water pollution, dredging, flushing, biomanipulation, and chem. remediations. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 117:13704461-0WaterNatl. Inst. Public Health Environ. Prot.,Bilthoven,Neth.Journal; General Review0018-8158written in English.

the Netherlands, started in 1986 by reducing the external P loading. As an

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 536Author: Van der Vlugt, J. C.; Walker, P. A.; Van der Does, J.; Raat, A. J.Year: 1992Title: Fisheries management as an additional lake restoration measure: biomanipulation scaling-up problemsJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 233Issue: 1-3Pages: 213-24Accession Number: AN 1992:537168Keywords: Eutrophication; Water pollution (by phosphorus, biomanipulation effect on, of Reeuwijk lakes, Netherlands); Nitrates; Nitrites; Phosphates Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (water pollution by, biomanipulation effect on, of Reeuwijk lakes, Netherlands); Fish (water quality response to, of Reeuwijk lakes, Netherlands); Waters (lake, eutrophic, quality of, biomanipulation effect on, of Reeuwijk lakes, Netherlands); Plankton (zoo-, in water, biomanipulation effect on, of Reeuwijk lakes, Netherlands); Phycocyanins Role: OCCU (Occurrence) (C-, in water, biomanipulation effect on, of Reeuwijk lakes, Netherlands)lake water quality biomanipulation Netherlands; pollution eutrophication control lake water NetherlandsAbstract: Restoration of the highly eutrophic Reeuwijk lakes (.apprx.700 ha) in the Netherlands, started in 1986 by reducing the external P loading. As an


addnl. measure to improve the quality of the lake water, the structure of the fish population in Lake Klein Vogelenzang (18 ha) was altered in 1989 by the removal of .apprx.100 kg/ha bream from the lake in Apr. and Dec. This constituted .apprx.50% of the total bream biomass in the lake. The fish-stock redn. in Apr., 1989, was initially followed by high P concns., probably the result of considerable P release from the sediments. The resulting heavy algal blooms that occurred reduced the transparency to very low values. During the summer, the zooplankton population increased markedly in nos. coinciding with redns. in total suspended matter including (blue-green) algae. A great improvement in Secchi-disk transparency was obsd. and by the end of Dec., 1989, the bottom of the lake (1.5-2.0 m) was visible. After heavy storms in Jan. and Feb. 1990, transparency dropped to <1 m as a result of resuspension of high concns. of suspended matter from the bottom sediments. Although transparency over the rest of 1990 was higher than in 1988, i.e. the year preceding the removal of fish (biomanipulation), it was lower than expected, based on the results of 1989. The study shows that tech. and biol. factors can cause serious management problems for the implementation of biomanipulation in larger water bodies. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 117:13716861-2WaterNatl. Inst. Public Health Environ. Prot.,Bilthoven,Neth.Journal0018-8158written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (water pollution by, biomanipulation effect on, of Reeuwijk lakes, Netherlands)

Issue: 3

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 535Author: Mietz, Olaf; Kasprzak, PeterYear: 1992Title: Limnological analysis of a shallow eutrophic lake in the Potsdam Lake District (Grosser Seddiner See, Brandenburg)Journal: LimnologicaVolume: 22Issue: 3


Pages: 265-76Accession Number: AN 1993:87130Keywords: Eutrophication (by phosphorus, limnol. of, of Lake Grosser Seddiner See, Germany); Waters (lake, eutrophic, limnol. of, of Lake Grosser Seddiner See, Germany)limnol eutrophication Potsdam Lake Germany; lake eutrophication limnolAbstract: Lake Grosser Seddiner See near Potsdam, Germany, is a shallow eutrophic lake. The slope of the bottom is very low at the southern shore but steeper in the northern part. Secchi transparency is 0.70-1.70 m. Orthophosphate amts. to min. 20.5 and max. 57.0 mg P/m3. Total P concn. was 57.3-347.0 mg P/m3. The difference of the chlorophyll a concn. between summer and winter is rather low. The amt. of crustacean zooplankton is low (May-Sept. mean 6.9 mg C/m3). Fish community is characterized by a great no. of small fish. Breams were the most important species. Improvement of water quality seems possible by reducing the nutrient concn. and strengthening the selfpurifn. potential of the lake by biomanipulation. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 118:8713061-2WaterAbt. Naturschutz,Landesumweltamt Brandenburg,Potsdam,Germany.Journal0075-9511written in German.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence) (water pollution by, eutrophication and limnol. in relation to, of Lake Grosser Seddiner See)

Label: 62

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 676Author: DeMelo, R.; France, R.; McQueen, D. J.Year: 1992Title: Biomanipulation: Hit or myth?Journal: Limnology and OceanographyVolume: 37Issue: 1Pages: 192-207Alternate Journal: Limnol.Oceanogr.Label: 62


Keywords: lakesfood webstrophic structurephytoplanktonzooplanktonfishcommunity compositionwater qualityecosystem managementbiomanipulationFreshwaterAbstract: Lake biomanipulation theory is based on the prediction that increased piscivore abundance will result in decreased planktivore abundance, increased zooplankton abundance, and increased zooplankton grazing pressure leading to reductions in phytoplankton abundance and improved water clarity. Biomanipulation is now at a stage of becoming ensconced as a lake management tool and accepted irrefutably in the generalist literature, the literature dealing with nonaquatic communities and the press. Once enthroned, a theory becomes envisioned as unassailable and definitive dogma and its speculations can be elevated to the status of ecological laws merely by the passage of time. This deification is unhealthy, because even the briefest perusal of the pertinent literature indicates that, far from being "robust", the biomanipulation/trophic-cascade/top-down theory may be unsoundly based on many half-truths and much hand-waving and overextrapolation of the data.Notes: TY - JOURM1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dep. Biol., York Univ., 4700 Keele St., Toronto, Ont. M3J 1P3, Canada

Pages: 99-109

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 677Author: Ravera, O.; Jamet, J. L.Year: 1991Title: The diet of the rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus , L.) in relation to the possible consequences for the removal of this species from a eutrophic lakeJournal: Archiv fur Hydrobiologie.StuttgartVolume: 123Issue: 1Pages: 99-109


Alternate Journal: Arch.Hydrobiol.Label: 65Keywords: eutrophicationphysicochemical propertiesseasonal variationspopulation densityphytoplanktonCyprinidaeScardinius erythrophthalmusfood availabilityItaly, Comabbio L.FreshwaterAbstract: This paper deals with the diet of the rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus ) of a shallow and eutrophic lake: Lake Comabbio (Northern Italy). The information obtained may be used as a basis for applying biomanipulation techniques to control phytoplankton by decreasing the population density of the zooplanktivorous rudd.Notes: TY - JOURM1 - JournalAuthor Address: Environ. Inst., Comm. European Commun., Joint Res. Cent., Ispra Site, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy

biomanipulation, reaeration, toxic chems., and management of lakes and

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 539Author: Parkhurst, Benjamin R.; Olem, HarveyYear: 1991Title: Lake and reservoir managementJournal: Research Journal of the Water Pollution Control FederationVolume: 63Issue: 4Pages: 543-50Accession Number: AN 1991:519564Keywords: Lakes; Reservoirs (management of, model for, eutrophication in relation to); Water pollution (of lakes and reservoir, management model for)review eutrophication lake reservoir; reaeration lake reservoir review; nutrient lake reservoir review; toxic chem lake reservoir review; management model lake reservoir reviewAbstract: A review, with 111 refs., on the eutrophication, nutrient budgets, biomanipulation, reaeration, toxic chems., and management of lakes and


reservoirs. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 115:11956461-0WaterWest. Aquatics, Inc.,Laramie,WY,USA.Journal; General Review1047-7624written in English.

plankton

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 678Author: Moss, B.; Stansfield, J.; Irvine, K.Year: 1991Title: Development of daphnid communities in diatom- and cyanophyte-dominated lakes and their relevance to lake restoration by biomanipulationJournal: Journal of Applied EcologyVolume: 28Issue: 2Pages: 586-602Alternate Journal: J.Appl.Ecol.Label: 64Keywords: diatomsresource managementeutrophicationaquatic communitiesecosystem managementzooplanktondevelopmentenvironmental restorationlakesphytoplanktonCyanophytaDaphnia hyalinaBritish Isles, England, Norfolkcommunity compositionpredationecological successionplankton


United Kingdom, NorfolkFreshwaterAbstract: Development of cladoceran communities was followed in two contrasted lakes in the Norfolk Broadland and in fine netting enclosure, lacking a fish community, placed in the lakes. Both lakes were highly nutrient-rich but, probably because of differences in flushing rate, Hoveton Great Broad had a phytoplankton dominated in summer by diatoms whilst Ranworth Broad had prolific populations of the cyanophyte Oscillatoria. Daphnia hyalina was present in both lakes in early summer but declined in July in Hoveton Great Broad and in June in Ranworth Broad. These declines occurred in both fish-free enclosure and in the open lakes which were not fish-free. The earlier decline in Ranworth Broad is attributed to decline in food quality.Notes: TY - JOURM1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dep. Environ. and Evol. Biol., Univ. Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

shallow lakes. The part that nutrients may play in the success of such a

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 679Author: Boers, P.; Ballegooijen, Lvan; Uunk, J.Year: 1991Title: Changes in phosphorus cycling in a shallow lake due to food web manipulationsJournal: Freshwater biology.OxfordVolume: 25Issue: 1Pages: 9-20Alternate Journal: Freshwat.Biol.Label: 63Keywords: food websecosystem managementphytoplanktonherbivorous fishplant controlNetherlands, Wolderwijd L.phosphorus cycleFreshwaterAbstract: Food web manipulation, by removal of planktivorous or benthivorous fish, is a promising method for reducing phytoplankton concentrations in shallow lakes. The part that nutrients may play in the success of such a


measure is not well documented. This study, analysed the flow of phosphorus through the food web of the shallow, eutrophic Lake Wolderwijd/Nuldernauw. Studies occurred in the years 1981 and 1987, a hypothetical situation was also examined in which most of the bream are assumed to be removed. The analysis shows that the success of biomanipulation is probably due not only to an increased grazing pressure on the phytoplankton, but also to a decreased availability of phosphorus. The reason for this is the removal of detrital phosphorus by increased sedimentation as a result of a predicted increase in growth of macrophytes after biomanipulation.Notes: TY - JOURM1 - JournalAuthor Address: Inst. Inland Water Manage., Wastewater Treat., POB 17, 8200 AA Lelystad, Netherlands

important prerequisite for long-term redn. in phytoplankton biomass. [on

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 538Author: Benndorf, Juergen; Miersch, UweYear: 1991Title: Phosphorus loading and efficiency of biomanipulationJournal: Verhandlungen - Internationale Vereinigung fuer Theoretische und Angewandte LimnologieVolume: 24Issue: Pt. 4Pages: 2482-8Accession Number: AN 1992:135789Keywords: Water pollution (by phosphorus, of lakes, eutrophication from, control of, biomanipulation for, efficiency of); Eutrophication (of lakes, top-down control of, by biomanipulation); Waters (lake, eutrophication of, top-down control of, biomanipulation in); Plankton (phyto-, control of, in lakes, biomanipulation in)phosphorus loading lake biomanipulation efficiency; eutrophication control lake waterAbstract: A comparison of top-down eutrophication control effects obsd. in 14 whole-lake expts. performed in bodies of water with different total P loadings indicates that only 2 biomanipulation-induced effects are independent of the P loading, i.e., dominance of large herbivorous zooplankton and an increase in the Secchi depth due to reduced particle nos. (i.e., reduced system mass and/or changed phytoplankton structure). It seems that the decrease of in-lake P is an important prerequisite for long-term redn. in phytoplankton biomass. [on


SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 116:13578961-2WaterSekt. Wasserwesen,Tech. Univ. Dresden,Dresden,Germany.Journal0368-0770written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: BIOL (Biological study) (water pollution by, control of, biomanipulation in, efficiency of)

capacity. Aquatic vegetation and northern pike are effective tools to maintain

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 540Author: Grimm, M. P.; Backx, J. J. G. M.Year: 1990Title: The restoration of shallow eutrophic lakes, and the role of northern pike, aquatic vegetation and nutrient concentrationJournal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 200-201Pages: 557-66Accession Number: AN 1991:128610Keywords: Eutrophication (of shallow lakes, control of, biomanipulation measures for, in Netherlands); Esox lucius (planktivorous fish suppression by, eutrophication remediation in relation to, in Netherlands); Plant (aquatic macrophytic, restoration of, in shallow eutrophic lakes, biomanipulation measures for, in Netherlands); Waters (lake, eutrophic, restoration of, by biomanipulation of fish and vegetation, in shallow lakes, in Netherlands); Fish (planktivorous, in eutrophic shallow lakes, suppression of, biomanipulation measures for, in Netherlands)planktivorous fish phosphorus eutrophic lake; Esox lucius eutrophic lake; biomanipulation eutrophic lake restorationAbstract: The feasibility of biomanipulation is related to reducing the prodn. and recruitment of planktivorous fish stocks. To assess the level of predation needed to suppress planktivorous fish stocks, the relation between fish and nutrient concn. were analyzed. The carrying capacity of shallow lakes in terms of biomass is related to the total P concn. and nature of the lake bottom substrate. The prodn. of planktivorous fish was 60-80% of the max. carrying capacity. Aquatic vegetation and northern pike are effective tools to maintain


water quality, but these are limited by the max. nutrient concn. aquatic vegetation can sustain. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 114:12861061-2WaterWitteveen and Bos,Deventer,Neth.Journal0018-8158written in English.7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: BIOL (Biological study) (in eutrophic lake waters, biomanipulation restoration effect on, in Netherlands)

of biomanipulation as a tool for restoring the water quality of hypertrophic

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 542Author: Meijer, M. L.; Raat, A. J. P.; Doef, R. W.Year: 1989Title: Restoration by biomanipulation of Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom (the Netherlands): first resultsJournal: Hydrobiological BulletinVolume: 23Issue: 1Pages: 49-57Accession Number: AN 1990:25179Keywords: Algae; Copepod; Daphnia (fish restocking effect on growth of, in Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom, Netherlands); Phosphates Role: OCCU (Occurrence) (in water, fish restocking effect on, in Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom, Netherlands); Fish (restocking of, water quality response to, in Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom, Netherlands); Plant (aquatic, fish restocking effect on growth of, in Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom, Netherlands); Ecology (food-chain, biomanipulation of, water quality response to, in Lake Bleiswijske Zoom, Netherlands); Waters (lake, biomanipulation effect on quality of, in Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom, Netherlands); Geological sediments (lake, suspended, fish restocking effect on, in Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom, Netherlands); Plankton (zoo-, fish restocking effect on growth of, in Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom, Netherlands)food web biomanipulation lake Netherlands; biomanipulation lake water qualityAbstract: In 1987, the Bleiswijkse Zoom, a small, shallow lake in the Netherlands, was divided into 2 compartments to investigate the possible use of biomanipulation as a tool for restoring the water quality of hypertrophic


lakes. The d. of the fish stock before restoration was .apprx.650 kg/ha, composed mainly of bream, white bream, and carp. Pike perch was the main fish predator in the lake. In Apr., 1987, in 1 compartment (Galgje), all planktivorous bream and white bream and .apprx.85% of the benthivorous bream and carp were removed. Advanced pike perch fry were introduced as predators during the transient period. The other compartment (Zeeltje) was used as a ref. Removal of the fish in Galgje resulted in low concns. of chlorophyll a, total P, N, and suspended solids. The absence of bottom-stirring activity by benthivorous fish and the low chlorophyll a concns. led to an increase in the Secchi disk transparency from 20 to 110 cm. Within 2 mo after removal of the fish, macrophytes, mainly Characeae, became abundant. Until July, the high d. of large zooplankton species caused low algal biomass. From June onwards, the zooplankton densities decreased, but the algal concns. remained low. This is probably because of nutrient limitation or depression of algal growth by macrophytes or both. Compared with the nontreated compartment, the no. of fish species in the teated compartment was higher. Perch, rudd, and roach, i.e., the species assocd. with aquatic vegetation, were found in the samples. The survival of the O+ pike perch was poor. The pike perch could not prevent the growth of young cyprinids. Within 2 mo after the removal of the fish, a habitat for northern pike was created. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 112:2517961-1WaterInst. Inland Water Manag. Waste Water Treatment,Lelystad,Neth.Journal0165-1404written in English.479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: OCCU (Occurrence) (in water, fish restocking effect on, in Lake Bleiswijkse Zoom, Netherlands)

Journal: Limnology and Oceanography

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 680Author: Bloesch, J.; Buergi, H. -RYear: 1989Title: Changes in phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass and composition reflected by sedimentationJournal: Limnology and Oceanography


Volume: 34Issue: 6Pages: 1048-1061Alternate Journal: Limnol.Oceanogr.Label: 66Keywords: phytoplanktonsedimentationparticulate fluxalgaecommunity compositionbiomasszooplanktonSwitzerland, Lucerne L.FreshwaterAbstract: Eight 2-week limnocorral (LC) experiments were performed in Lake Lucerne, Switzerland, during 1982-1984 to study the effects of biomanipulation. The large zooplankton were removed by 95- mu m plankton nets in some LCs and different phosphorus fertilization regimes were applied. The chlorophyll a and sestonic POC and PP concentrations decreased significantly in the presence of crustacean zooplankton, whereas algal biomass was less affected. Within the short period of 2 weeks this "top-down" regulation seemed to be balanced by "bottom-up" control, because phosphate fertilization and favorable light conditions stimulated phytoplankton production and increased seston concentrations. The significant shift from nanoplankton to net plankton in both the filtered and control LCs, which caused the sedimentation rates to increase during all the experiments, could not be attributed solely to selective zooplankton grazing but was also induced by different algal nutrient strategies.Notes: TY - JOURM1 - JournalAuthor Address: Inst. Aquat. Sci. (EAWAG), Swiss Fed. Inst. Technol. (ETH), Ueberlandstr. 133, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland

reflected by sedimentation

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 541Author: Bloesch, Juerg; Buergi, Hans RudolfYear: 1989Title: Changes in phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass and composition reflected by sedimentation


14265-44-2 (Phosphate) Role: BIOL (Biological study) (fertilization with,

Journal: Limnology and OceanographyVolume: 34Issue: 6Pages: 1048-61Accession Number: AN 1990:529532Keywords: Fertilizers Role: BIOL (Biological study) (phosphorus, chlorophyll and particulate org. carbon and particulate phosphorus of lake seston phyto- and zooplankton in relation to); Plankton (phyto-, particulate org. carbon and phosphorus in lake in relation to); Plankton (zoo-, particulate org. carbon and phosphorus in lake in relation to)phosphorus particulate lake phytoplankton zooplankton; carbon particulate org lake phytoplankton zooplankton; phytoplankton particulate carbon phosphorus sedimentation lake; zooplankton particulate carbon phosphorus sedimentation lake; fertilizer phosphate particulate phosphorus carbon plankton; lake particulate org carbon phosphorus planktonAbstract: Eight 2-wk limnocorral (LC) expts. were performed in Lake Lucerne, Switzerland, during 1982-1984 to study the effects of biomanipulation. The large zooplankton were removed by 95-mm plankton nets in some LCs and different phosphorus fertilization regimes were applied. The chlorophyll a and sestonic POC (particulate org. carbon) and PP (particulate P) concns. decreased significantly in the presence of crustacean zooplankton, whereas algal biomass was less affected. Within the short period of 2 wk this top-down regulation seemed to be balanced by bottom-up control, because phosphate fertilization and favorable light conditions stimulated phytoplankton prodn. and increased seston concns. The significant shift from nanoplankton to net plankton in both the filtered and control LCs, which caused the sedimentation rates to increase during all the expts., could not be attributed solely to selective zooplankton grazing, but was also induced by different algal nutrient strategies. In the control (unfiltered) LCs, the herbivorous crustaceans (usually >80% Daphnia spp.) increased POC and PP sedimentation by 14-50 and 25-57% due to fecal pellet prodn. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 113:12953211-8Plant BiochemistryInst. Aquatic Sci.,Swiss Fed. Inst. Technol.,Dubendorf,Switz.Journal0024-3590written in English.14265-44-2 (Phosphate) Role: BIOL (Biological study) (fertilization with,


particulate org. carbon and phosphorus of lake response to, plankton in relation to); 7723-14-0 Role: BIOL (Biological study) (fertilizers, phosphorus, chlorophyll and particulate org. carbon and particulate phosphorus of lake seston phyto- and zooplankton in relation to); 479-61-8 (Chlorophyll a) Role: BIOL (Biological study) (of lake, phosphate fertilization and zooplankton effects on, phytoplankton in relation to)

Water

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 543Author: Van Donk, Ellen; Rip, WinnieYear: 1988Title: Restoration by food-web manipulation in the hypertrophic Lake Zwemlust (the Netherlands): the first two yearsJournal: Aqua FennicaVolume: 18Issue: 2Pages: 165-9Accession Number: AN 1989:412216Keywords: Abramis brama (elimination of, in hypereutrophic lake restoration, in Lake Zwemlust, the Netherlands); Cladocera; Copepod; Rotifer (in water, food-web biomanipulation effect on, in hypereutrophic lake restoration, of Lake Zwemlust, the Netherlands); Nitrates; Phosphates Role: BIOL (Biological study) (lake water pollution by, biomanipulation of food-web effect on, of Lake Zwemlust, the Netherlands); Eutrophication; Water pollution (of lake waters, remediation of, food-web manipulation for, of Lake Zwenlust, Netherlands); Ecology (food-chain, manipulation of, for hypereutrophic lake restoration, in Lake Zwenlust, the Netherlands); Lakes (hypereutrophic, restoration of, food-web manipulation for, of Lake Zwemlust, the Netherlands); Plankton (zoo-, in water, food-web biomanipulation effect on, in hypereutrophic lake restoration, of Lake Zwemlust, the Netherlands)lake water pollution restoration biomanipulation; food web manipulation lake restorationAbstract: Food-web manipulation was carried out in Lake Zwemlust, the Netherlands, to improve light climate of the water. A summary of the pos. and neg. results during the first 2 yr after manipulation is given. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 111:1221661-2Water


Prov. Waterboard Utrecht,Utrecht,Neth.Journal0356-7133written in English.479-61-8 Role: OCCU (Occurrence) (in water, food-web biomanipulation effect on, in hypereutrophic lake restoration, of Lake Zwemlust, the Netherlands); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus); 14798-03-9 (Ammonium) Role: BIOL (Biological study) (lake water pollution by, biomanipulation of food-web effect on, of Lake Zwemlust, Netherlands)

the two lakes. Prolific phytoplankton growth induced by biomanipulation and

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 681Author: Schwaerter, S.; Soendergaard, M.; Riemann, B.; Moeller Jensen, L.Year: 1988Title: Respiration in eutrophic lakes: The contribution of bacterioplankton and bacterial growth yieldJournal: Journal of Plankton ResearchVolume: 10Issue: 3Pages: 515-531Alternate Journal: J.Plankton Res.Label: 67Keywords: respirationlakeseutrophic environmentsbacterioplanktonbiomassphytoplanktoneutrophic lakesCyanophytaMicrocystisDenmarkFreshwaterAbstract: The contribution of bacterioplankton to total plankton respiration was measured in two eutrophic Danish lakes and in experimental enclosures treated with planktivorous fish and nutrients. During summer the respiration of the planktonic bacteria contributed similar to 50% of the community respiration in the two lakes. Prolific phytoplankton growth induced by biomanipulation and


nutrient addition created situations where the contribution of the bacteria decreased to 20%. High bacterial contributions to community respiration were found when the phytoplankton biomass decreased. Simultaneous measurements of bacterial respiration and production (by means of ( super(3)H)thymidine incorporation) allowed an estimation of bacterial growth yield, which ranged from 9 to 66%. In the two lakes the growth yield was constant with a mean of 29 plus or minus 5%.Notes: TY - JOURM1 - JournalAuthor Address: Inst. Biol. and Chem., Univ. Roskilde, P. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark

Freshwater

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 682Author: Elser, J. J.; Carpenter, S. R.Year: 1988Title: Predation-driven dynamics of zooplankton and phytoplankton communities in a whole-lake experimentJournal: OecologiaVolume: 76Issue: 1Pages: 148-154Alternate Journal: OecologiaLabel: 68Keywords: zooplanktonphytoplanktonpredationspecies compositioncommunity compositionlakesfood webspopulation structuretrophodynamic cycledynamicsherbivorybiomanipulationUSA, Michigan, Tuesday L.fresh water fishFreshwater


Abstract: Species compositions of zooplankton and phytoplankton were followed in Tuesday Lake before and after experimental manipulation of its fish populations (addition of piscivorous largemouth bass, removal of planktivorous minnows). Plankton dynamics were compared to those of adjacent, unmanipulated Paul Lake, where piscivorous fish have been dominant historically. The results clearly show that food web structure can have pronounced effects on community composition at all levels of the food web, and that, just as zooplankton communities are structured by size-selective predation, phytoplankton communities are structured by herbivory. These observations may provide some insight into factors governing the complex distributions of phytoplankton species among various lakes.Notes: TY - JOURM1 - JournalAuthor Address: Grad. Group Ecol., Div. Environ. Stud., Univ. California, Davis, CA 95616, USA

performed in mesotrophic Lake Lucerne, Switzerland, to study the effects of

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 544Author: Bloesch, J.; Bossard, P.; Buehrer, H.; Buergi, H. R.; Uehlinger, U.Year: 1988Title: Can results from limnocorral experiments be transferred to in situ conditions?Journal: HydrobiologiaVolume: 159Issue: 3Pages: 297-309Accession Number: AN 1988:173119Keywords: Seston (crustacean removal effect on, nutrient flux in relation to, of Lake Lucerne, Switzerland); Crustacean (phyto- and zooplankton relation in absence of, nutrient flux in relation to, of Lake Lucerne, Switzerland); Waters (lake, crustacean removal effect on zooplankton and phytoplankton and nutrient flux in, of Lake Lucerne, Switzerland); Plankton (phyto-, crustacean removal effect on, nutrient flux in relation to, of Lake Lucerne, Switzerland); Plankton (zoo-, crustacean removal effect on, nutrient flux in relation to, of Lake Lucerne, Switzerland)limnocorral biomanipulation Lake Lucerne Switzerland; crustacean phytoplankton zooplankton lake biomanipulationAbstract: In 1982-1984, 8 limnocorral (LC) expts., each lasting for 2 wk, were performed in mesotrophic Lake Lucerne, Switzerland, to study the effects of


biomanipulation (removal of crustaceans by 95 mm filter nets) on zooplankton-phytoplankton relations and epilimnetic C and P fluxes. Seston concns. and to a lesser extent primary prodn. rates were reduced in control LCs through zooplankton grazing, and settling flux increased through fecal pellet prodn., but C and P regeneration were not significantly affected. There were several indications that the LCs, despite of their large size (.apprx.70 m3, 3 m in diam. and 11 m long), were artificial systems when compared to the surrounding lake. The eddy diffusion was diminished by .apprx.1 order of magnitude, nutrients depleted (but P was supplied to the LCs), the phyto- and zooplankton showed lower standing crops in the control LCs than in the lake, the phytoplankton showed a shift from nannoplankton to netplankton, the crustacean zooplankton was mostly limited in their vertical migration, and the particulate org. C and P sedimentation rates were increased. There always were outliers, which may have been caused by the different in situ conditions at the beginning of the expts., and further enhanced by the complexity of the enclosed system. The problems of the LC-technique, such as replicability, scaling (size and time), and data extrapolation are discussed. The impact of crustacean-zooplankton on particulate matter, i.e. seston redn. and sedimentation enhancement, can be extrapolated on a qual. rather than on a quant. basis for the Lake Lucerne ecosystem. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 108:17311961-1WaterInst. Aquatic Sci.,ETH,Duebendorf,Switz.Journal0018-8158written in English.7440-44-0 (Carbon) Role: OCCU (Occurrence) (org., particulate, in water, crustacean removal effect on phyto- and zooplankton in relation to, of Lake Lucerne, Switzerland); 7723-14-0 (Phosphorus) Role: OCCU (Occurrence) (particulate, in water, crustacean removal effect on phyto- and zooplankton in relation to, of Lake Lucerne, Switzerland)

phytoplankton link

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 684Year: 1988Title: Cascading trophic interactions: Uncoupling at the zooplankton-phytoplankton link


suggested that decreased water transparency was not `caused by' decreases

Journal: 23. Cong. of the Int. Assoc. of Limnology, Hamilton (New Zealand), 8-14 Feb 1987HydrobiologiaVolume: 159Issue: 3Pages: 277-296Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 69Keywords: algaetrophic relationshipsbiomasswater qualitytemporal variationsphytoplanktonfreshwater crustaceansherbivorous fishfreshwater lakesenclosuresDaphnia galeata mendotaeGloeococcuslimnocorralsbiomanipulationCanada, Ontario, St.George L.FreshwaterAbstract: Four limnocorrals (8 m dia. by 15 m deep) located at Lake St. George, Ontario, Canada; were used to examine the interactions between planktivorous fish, crustacean zooplankton (notably Daphnia galeata mendotae), and phytoplankton. During the spring, in all of the limnocorrals, high Daphnia biomasses were correlated with increased water transparency and a spring `clear-water' phase. However, as the summer progressed, the relationship between Daphnia biomass and phytoplankton abundance became more complex and less predictable. Investigation of these interactions suggested four conclusions. (1) During late July and throughout August and September, water transparency decreased and algal cell counts increased. In 3 of 4 limnocorrals, deterioration in water quality occurred 3-5 weeks before zooplankton (and Daphnia populations) declined. In all cases decreased transparency was associated with increased concentrations of algal cells (Gloeococcus) that were poor food sources for Daphnia. These results suggested that decreased water transparency was not `caused by' decreases


in Daphnia biomass. (2) Taken together, data from all of the limnocorrals showed no correlation between the magnitude of July Daphnia biomasses and the percentage of `poor food source' algae that were observed in August. This suggested that grazer effects were not necessary for the onset of summer `poor food source' algal blooms. (3) In two limnocorrals, there was a positive correlation between increased Daphnia mortality and the onset of `poor food source' blooms. In the other two limnocorrals there was no correlation. In all limnocorrals there was no correlation between decreased Daphnia reproductive capacity and `poor food source' blooms. These data suggested that blooms of `poor food source' algae were not necessary for the collapse of Daphnia populations. (4) In all 4 limnocorrals there was a strong correlation between the time that 0+ yellow perch planktivores reached biomasses of 30-50 kg/ha and the collapse of Daphnia populations Species and size selection was also observed. These results suggested that for this set of limnocorral experiments, fish biomasses in the 30-50 kg/ha were responsible for the collapse of Daphnia populations in the summer (DBO).Notes: TY - JOURNT: Spec. Iss.: Mesocosm Studies.; TR: CS9623164M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Dep. Biol., York Univ., 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, Canada M3J 1P3

interspecific relationships

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 683Year: 1988Title: Can results from limnocorral experiments be transferred to in situ conditions? (Biomanipulation in limnocorrals)Journal: 23. Cong. of the Int. Assoc. of Limnology, Hamilton (New Zealand), 8-14 Feb 1987HydrobiologiaVolume: 159Issue: 3Pages: 297-308Alternate Journal: HydrobiologiaLabel: 70Keywords: enclosuresexperimental researchbiological datainterspecific relationships


Author Address: Inst. Aquat. Sci. (EAWAG), Swiss Fed. Inst. Technol. (ETH),

phosphoruscarbonmethodologyzooplanktonphytoplanktonfreshwater crustaceansfreshwater lakeslimnocorralsbiomanipulationSwitzerland, Lucerne L.FreshwaterAbstract: In 1982-1984 eight limnocorral (LC) experiments, each lasting for two weeks, were performed in mesotrophic Lake Lucerne, Switzerland, to study the effects of biomanipulation (removal of crustaceans by 95 mu m filter nets) on zooplankton - phytoplankton relationships and epilimnetic carbon and phosphorus fluxes. Seston concentrations and to a lesser extent primary production rates were reduced in control LCs through zooplankton grazing, and settling flux increased through fecal pellet production. But C and P regeneration were not significantly affected. We found several indications that the LCs, despite their large size ( similar to 70 m super(3), 3 m in diameter and 11 m long) were artificial systems when compared to the surrounding lake: The eddy diffusion was diminished by about one order of magnitude, nutrients depleted (but phosphorus was supplied to the LCs), the phyto- and zooplankton showed lower standing crops in the control LCs than in the lake, the phytoplankton showed a shift from nannoplankton to netplankton, the crustacean zooplankton was mostly limited in their vertical migration, and the POC and PP sedimentation rates were increased. Moreover, in our set of experiments we always found outliers, which may have been caused by the different in situ conditions at the beginning of the experiments, and further enhanced by the complexity of the enclosed system. The problems of the LC-technique, such as replicability, scaling (size and time) and data extrapolation are discussed. The impact of crustacean zooplankton on particulate matter, i.e. seston reduction and sedimentation enhancement, can be extrapolated on a qualitative rather than on a quantitative basis for the Lake Lucerne ecosystem (DBO).Notes: TY - JOURNT: Spec. Iss.: Mesocosm Studies.; TR: CS9623165M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Inst. Aquat. Sci. (EAWAG), Swiss Fed. Inst. Technol. (ETH),


Ueberlandst. 133, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland

stressed, as the smallest algae (< 12 mu m) contributed 80% of the primary

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 685Author: Uehlinger, U.; Bloesch, J.Year: 1987Title: The influence of crustacean zooplankton on the size structure of algal biomass and suspended and settling seston (biomanipulation in limnocorals II)Journal: Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie.BerlinVolume: 72Issue: 4Pages: 473-486Alternate Journal: Int.Rev.Gesamt.Hydrobiol.Label: 71Keywords: biomassprimary productionsedimentationsestonalgaesize distributionfreshwater crustaceansparticle sizegrazingenvironmental effectszooplanktonphytoplanktonSwitzerland, Lucerne L.FreshwaterAbstract: In a limnocorral (LC) experiment performed in mesotrophic Lake Lucerne, Switzerland, a control LC containing a planktonic community similar to that in the lake was compared with a LC where the large zooplankton had been removed by filtration at the beginning of the experiment. The herbivorous zooplankton (mainly Daphnia galeata and D. hyalina ) reduced algal biomass and primary production, however did not influence the size structure of the phytoplankton and the relative amount of different size classes contributing to the total primary production. Likewise, the seston (POC and PP) concentrations were diminished without changes in particle size composition. The importance of planktonic and sestonic particle size structure in aquatic ecosystems is stressed, as the smallest algae (< 12 mu m) contributed 80% of the primary


production.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Incl. 35 ref.M1 - JournalAuthor Address: EAWAG, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 545Author: Kriewall, Dale F.; Schantz, Leonard G.Year: 1986Title: The laboratory role in watershed management Rochester, New YorkJournal: Proceedings - Water Quality Technology ConferenceVolume: 13Pages: 319-38Accession Number: AN 1986:484650Keywords: Algae (in waters, of lake, turbidity response to, watershed management in relation to, of Rochester, New York); Waters (watershed, turbidity control in, management in relation to, of Rochester, New York)turbidity redn watershed managementAbstract: To decrease raw water turbidity in Rochester, New York, several alternatives were considered including intake pipe relocation in the supply lake, dispersed algal cell removal using biomanipulation techniques, and stream diversion to decrease sediment input. Lab. data indicated that only stream diversion during turbidity events of 10 Nephelometric Turbidity Units may be applied to decrease the turbidity at the source with a side benefit of decrease in total and fecal coliform input of 40 and 25%, resp. Data from forest areas indicated that turbidities were significantly higher in logged area streams than in the nonlogged control streams. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 105:8465061-1WaterRochester Water Bur.,Rochester,NY,USA.Journal0164-0755written in English.



Author: Wright, David I.; Shapiro, JosephYear: 1984Title: Nutrient reduction by biomanipulation: an unexpected phenomenon and its possible causeJournal: Verhandlungen - Internationale Vereinigung fuer Theoretische und Angewandte LimnologieVolume: 22Issue: 1Pages: 518-24Accession Number: AN 1985:31610Keywords: Daphnia pulex (diel vertical migration of, phosphorus transport by, in lake waters, biomanipulation in relation to); Waters (lake, algae growth in, biol. control of, biomanipulation in relation to); Plankton (zoo-, body size of, biomanipulation effects on, nutrient decrease in lake waters in relation to)zooplankton nutrient transport lake biomanipulationAbstract: Total P and N concns. declined and remained low in a lake in which small-bodied zooplankton was replaced by biomanipulation with large-bodied Daphnia species. The diel vertical migration of zooplankton combined with continuous excretion resulted in a net downward transport of nutrients. The amplitude of zooplankton migration increased with increasing body size. The amt. of dissolved P excreted by 15 Daphnia pulex was 1 mg/16 h at simulated daytime conditions. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 102:3161061-1WaterLimnol. Res. Cent.,Univ. Minnesota,Minneapolis,MN,USA.Journal0368-0770written in English.7723-14-0 Role: REM (Removal or disposal), PROC (Process) (removal of, from lake waters, biomanipulation for zooplankton grazing in relation to)

years

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 686Author: Shapiro, J.; Wright, D. I.Year: 1984Title: Lake restoration by biomanipulation: Round Lake, Minnesota, the first two years


Journal: Freshwater biology.OxfordVolume: 14Issue: 4Pages: 371-383Alternate Journal: Freshwat.Biol.Label: 72Keywords: habitat improvement (biological)ichthyocidesfish poisoningfreshwater lakeszooplanktonphytoplanktonpopulation densityplanktonnutrients (mineral)PiscesrotenoneplanktivoresUSA, Minnesota, Round L.FreshwaterAbstract: Rotenone was applied to Round Lake in the autumn of 1980 in order to eliminate predominantly planktivorous and benthiovorous fish. The lake was subsequently restocked with a higher population density of piscivores. The effect of this biomanipulation on the phytoplankton and zooplankton communities and on total nutrient concentrations was monitored at fortnightly intervals during the summers, from May 1980 to September 1982.Notes: TY - JOURM1 - JournalAuthor Address: Limnol. Res. Cent., Univ. Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA

Volume: 14

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 481Author: Shapiro, J.; Wright, D. I.Year: 1984Title: Lake Restoration by Biomanipulation - Round Lake, Minnesota, the 1st 2 YearsJournal: Freshwater BiologyVolume: 14


STEEL RGD, 1960, PRINCIPLES PROCEDURE

Issue: 4Pages: 371-383Alternate Journal: Freshw. Biol.Accession Number: ISI:A1984TD49100004Notes: Cited Reference Count: 39Cited References: 1979, WATER QUALITY RECOMM AHLGREN I, 1978, VERH INT VEREIN LIMN, V20, P846 ANDERSSON G, 1978, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V59, P9 BOTTRELL HH, 1976, NORW J ZOOL, V24, P419 BRASHIER CK, 1973, US EPA R373037 BROOKS JL, 1957, MEMOIRS CONNECTICUT, V13, P1 BURNS CW, 1968, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V13, P675 BURNS CW, 1969, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V14, P693 DELIA CF, 1977, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V22, P760 DILLON PJ, 1974, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V19, P767 DUVAL WS, 1976, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V21, P823 EDMONDSON WT, 1977, EPA600377087 FOTT J, 1979, HYPERTROPHIC ECOSYST GOLTERMAN HL, 1969, IBP HDB, V8 GREENBERG AE, 1980, STANDARD METHODS EXA HANEY JF, 1973, ARCH HYDROBIOL, V72, P87 HANEY JF, 1973, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V18, P331 HENRIKSON L, 1980, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V68, P257 HOLM NP, 1983, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V28, P677 HRBACEK J, 1961, VERHANDLUNGEN INT VE, V14, P192 HUSTEDT F, 1930, SUSSWASSER FLORA MIT LEAH RT, 1980, INT REV GESAMTEN HYD, V65, P223 LEIDY GR, 1980, E804 US ARM TECHN RE LYNCH M, 1981, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V26, P86 MENZEL DW, 1965, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V10, P280 PRESCOTT GW, 1973, ALGAE W GREAT LAKES SCHINDLER DW, 1972, ARCH HYDROBIOL, V69, P413 SHAPIRO J, 1975, WATER QUALITY MANAGE SHAPIRO J, 1980, HYPERTROPHIC ECOSYST SHAPIRO J, 1980, LAKE RESTORATION SHAPIRO J, 1982, EPA600382096 SMITH VH, 1981, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V15, P444 STEEL RGD, 1960, PRINCIPLES PROCEDURE


STENSON JAE, 1978, VERH INT VEREIN LIMN, V20, P794 STRICKLAND JDH, 1968, PRACTICAL HDB SEAWAT TARAS MJ, 1971, STANDARD METHODS EXA WARD HB, 1959, FRESH WATER BIOL WEBER CI, 1971, US EPA19756575885323 WRIGHT DI, 1984, VERHANDLUNGEN INT VE, V22EnglishArticleFRESHWATER BIOLURL: <Go to ISI>://A1984TD49100004Author Address: SHAPIRO, J, UNIV MINNESOTA,LIMNOL RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455.

to the stocking rate and the type of fish in the enclosures. The highest density

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 687Author: Goad, J. A.Year: 1984Title: A biomanipulation experiment in Green Lake, Seattle, WashingtonJournal: Archiv fur Hydrobiologie.StuttgartVolume: 102Issue: 2Pages: 137-153Alternate Journal: Arch.Hydrobiol.Label: 74Keywords: biological controlphytoplanktoneutrophic lakeslake reclamationUSA, Washington, Green L.FreshwaterAbstract: The effects of planktivorous fish on the zooplankton and phytoplankton communities in Green Lake were examined using three enclosures containing fish and one enclosure without fish. The enclosures containing fish had fewer zooplankton (as much as an 80% reduction), greater concentrations of chlorophyll (as much as a 160% increase), and alterations in the composition of both zooplankton and phytoplankton populations. The enclosure without fish had a higher number of zooplankton and generally a lower phytoplankton biomass. The results of the manipulations varied according to the stocking rate and the type of fish in the enclosures. The highest density


of perch (Perca flavescens ) (1500 kg/ha) showed the greatest effect. Biomanipulation is a feasible approach to the restoration of Green Lake if conducted with discretion.Notes: TY - JOURM1 - JournalAuthor Address: Alaska Dep. Environ. Conserv., Anchorage, AK, USA

stocks, predacious invertebrates, herbivorous zooplankton, phytoplankton as

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 688Author: Benndorf, J.; Kneschke, H.; Kossatz, K.; Penz, E.Year: 1984Title: Manipulation of the pelagic food web by stocking with predacious fishesJournal: Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie.BerlinVolume: 69Issue: 3Pages: 407-428Alternate Journal: Int.Rev.Gesamt.Hydrobiol.Label: 73Keywords: introduced speciesstocking (organisms)food webscommunity compositionecological successioneutrophic lakesLeucaspius delineatusChaoborus flavicansSalmo gairdneriGerman Dem. Rep., DresdenFreshwaterAbstract: Two water bodies are used to perform long-term experiemnts in the whole water on the manipulation of the pelagic food web. Experimental water 1: Bautzen Reservoir (Dresden County, GDR); hypereutrophic, mean depth = 7.4 m; extremely exposed to wind. Experimental water 2: Small pond in a former quarry (Dresden County); mesotrophic; mean depth = 7.0 m; extremely protected against wind. Only the results of Experiment 2 are given in detail. Experiment 1 is not yet finished. The conclusion is drawn that, when usigg biomanipulation as a means of water quality management, it is obviously necessary to take into account the complex interrelationships between fish stocks, predacious invertebrates, herbivorous zooplankton, phytoplankton as


well as nutrient load and hydrophysical proceses in the particular water.Notes: TY - JOURNT: Incl. 61 refs.M1 - JournalAuthor Address: Tech. Univ., Sekt. Wasserwesen, Bereich Hydrobiol., DDR-8027 Dresden, GDR

Reference Type: Journal ArticleRecord Number: 547Author: De Bernardi, RiccardoYear: 1983Title: Integrated ecological approach for the control of water quality. Biomanipulation of food chainsJournal: Acqua & AriaIssue: 10Pages: 1075-84Accession Number: AN 1984:478602Keywords: Fish (in wastewater treatment, manipulation of food chains in); Process optimization (of biol. wastewater treatment by food chain manipulation); Wastewater treatment (biol., food chain manipulation in); Waters (lake, eutrophic, restoration of, biomanipulation of food chains in relation to); Plankton (phyto-, in wastewater treatment, manipulation of food chains in); Plankton (zoo-, in wastewater treatment, manipulation of food chains in)zooplankton feeding biol sewage treatment; fish feeding biol sewage treatmentAbstract: Selective feeding of zooplankton and fish to improve grazing and thus sewage treatment is discussed. [on SciFinder (R)]Notes: CAN 101:7860261-5WaterIst. Italiano Idrobiol.,Pallanza,Italy.Journal0390-5772written in Italian.