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Rebirth of classical knowledge
Begins in Italian city-states
Spreads to Northern Europe
Humanism – focus on human values and accomplishments, learning
Mona Lisa
by Leonardo da Vinci
Renaissance man
Sistine Chapel
By Michelangelo – realist painter & sculptor
ShakespeareEnglish playwright, poet of Northern Renaissance
Machiavelli – The Prince
Italians dominate
Corruption and sale of indulgences
Huge wealth & influence of merchants
Martin Luther
Salvation by faith alone
All humans equal before God
Posts 95 Theses (problems) on church door
Begins Protestant movement
Henry VIII of England
– Pope in Rome
English church
property as hisElizabeth I
Anglican Church
Dissenters
Spanish Armada
Colonies
John Calvin Predestination
What will happen to you
Protestant movement
Princes
remains Catholic
30 Years War
Edict of Nantes
Calvinists in France
Makes 30 Years War political
John Wycliffe Jan Huss Council of Trent
Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
Inquisition
individualism secularism
Religious toleration
Printing press
Higher literacy, spreads new ideas
Vasco da Gama Portugal Sails around Africa to create trade route to India
Columbus Spain Reaches the New World, decimates indigenous Americans
Magellan Spain His crew 1st to sail around the world, he dies in Philippines
Hernan Cortes Spain Conquistador, conquered the Aztecs in Central Mexico
Francisco Pizarro Spain Conquistador, conquered the Inca in Peru
Francis DrakeEngland Privateer, sailed around the world, defeated Spanish Armada
Jacques Cartier France Reached Canada and claimed it for France
Western Hemisphere – Native Americans
Corn, potatoes, tobacco
Europeans
Horses, cattle, diseases that kill many Indians
lifestyles completely
leads to slavery
Plantation
economy and environment
Europe Prince Henry of Portugal pioneers exploration
Demand for gold
Competition for colonies
Africa European trading ports
Slaves & gold exported
Christianity spreads
AmericaRigid class system
Colonies imitate mother country
Christianity
Sugar &
rum M
anu
factured
go
od
s
Slaves
Economic practice, colonies benefit mother country banking system & money for markets
Centralize Power – take all of it for themselves
Rule by Divine Right – God’s will
Louis XIVFrance Builds palace
of Versailles
Spends to expand royal power
Peter the Great
Russia Westernizes Russia
Builds St. Petersburg
Takes nobles power
Ignores Parliament, raises taxes
Puritan military leader
Ignores Parliament, raises taxes
Puritan military leader
Cromwell dies and Charles II
restores the monarchy to England
Fights with Parliament
Factions modern
political parties
Peaceful, bloodless revolution
William Mary
share power equally
with Parliament
Grants rights
and freedoms to Englishmen
Royal power
Eventual democracy & America’s gov
Applies reason to human & natural world, stimulates religious tolerance and new
government
Leviathan Humans exist in natureGovernment protects us
John Locke
Government must protect our life, liberty, & property
Montesquieu
Social Contract
The Spirit of Laws
Government is a contract between people and ruler
Voltaire
Miguel Cervantes
Thomas Jefferson
Eugene Delacroix
Mozart
Religious toleration, separation of church & state
Declaration of Independence Baroque
composerConcertos, fugues
Symphonies, operas
Romantic painter
Don Quixote
Isaac Newton
Discovered laws of gravity
Copernicus – developed heliocentric theory
Kepler – Discovered planetary motion Galileo
Used telescope to support heliocentric theory
William Harvey
Discovered blood circulation
Reason and observation lead to scientific method
EnglandNatural resources (coal, iron), stable government, steam engine
Increased education
Better standard of living
Better transportation
Urbanization - more cities
Harsh working conditions
Factory system ends cottage industries
Pollution & poor housing
Enclosure movement
James Watt Steam EngineSpinning jenny – used in England’s
textile factoriesCotton Gin –demand for labor leads to slavery Process for making strong, cheap steelSmallpox vaccineDiscovers bacteria & cause of sickness
James Hargreaves
Eli Whitney
Henry BessemerEdward Jenner
Louis Pasteur
Directly ruled by foreign power (America – 13 colonies)
Country protected by another 1 (Hawaii)
Region where 1 country gets trading rights (China)
Nationalism – competition for power & wealth
Industrial Revolution – demand for natural resources and markets
European conflicts brought to colonies
Dutch & British set up trading ports in India
Christian missionaries convert natives to Christianity
Built in Egypt to cut travel time to India, England controls it
Held in 1884, European Powers divide up Africa for themselves
Matthew Perry
1854 America
East India Company
1930s-1940s
Jews, non-Aryans, disabled
Adolf Hitler’s Final
SolutionSoviet Union
Political enemies,
intellectuals
Joseph Stalin & secret police
Rwanda 1994 Hutu militia
Cambodia
1970’sArtists,
enemies, intellectuals
1. High Literacy rate
2. Low fertility rate (babies per mother)
3. Slow or no population growth
4. Freemarket economies
5. Large middle class
6. Political freedom
1. High Birth rates = rapid growth
2. Low literacy rates
3. Little access to health care
4. Poverty
5. Poor health
Ethnic & religious conflict Climate change illiteracyPollution rapid growth Terrorism
Refugees countries
Guest workerstemporary
Global peace keeping organization
lends money to developing nations at a cost free trade agreement between US, Canada, & Mexico Global organization promoting free trade - common currency and easier borders in Europe
• Munich Olympics• 9/11 attacks• Car bombings• Suicide bombers• Airline hijackers
Surveillance
Review of privacy rights
Security at ports and airports
Identification badges and photos