RDA for Copy Catalogers

Roman S. PanchyshynCatalog Librarian, Assistant

ProfessorKent State University

NEO/RLSMay 15, 2013

AcknowledgmentsThomas Brenndorfer (Guelph Public Library)Tom Delsey (Former RDA editor)Chris Oliver (McGIll University)Pat Riva (BANQ)Adam Schiff (University of Washington)Margaret Stewart (Library & Archives

Canada)Barbara Tillett (Library of Congress)Tina Grover (Ryerson)Sevim McCutcheon (Kent State University)

Library of Congress RDA Training Site

• LC maintains an RDA Training Materials Site that you can consult. All materials are free to access

• http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/RDA%20training%20materials/

RDA Copy Cataloging Issues

• General guidelines and terminology

• Learn how to identify an RDA record

• Learn the concepts behind Works, Expressions, Manifestations, Items

• Learn how to use the RDA Toolkit to find relevant RDA information

• Develop local RDA policies and procedures

Cataloging with RDA

• International cataloging Principles (IFLA: 2009)

• new concepts, terms, instructions, workflows

• updated MARC tags, subfields and codes to accommodate RDA elements

Most of us will continue

• to encode in MARC21 using a few new tags such as 336, 337, 338

• to use ISBD punctuation, which is included in appendix D (D.1.2)

What is new What is familiar

Why RDA?

• Catalogs are no longer in isolation– Global access to data– ‘linked data systems’

• Integrate bibliographic data with wider Internet environment– Share data beyond institutions– Any user – any place – any time

Web frontend

Services

VIAF

Databases, Repositories

LCSH

The Cataloging Environment

Supposed AACR2 “Problems”• Increasingly complex

• Lack of logical structure

• Mix of content and carrier data

• Hierarchical relationships are missing

• Anglo-American centric

• Pre-dates FRBR

• Not enough support for ‘collocation’

• Did not foresee Internet and well-formed metadata or vocabularies

RDA: Tool for the Digital World• Easy to use and interpret

• Applicable to an online, networked environment

• Provide effective bibliographic control for all types of media

• Encourage use beyond library community • Compatible with other similar standards • Have a logical structure based on

internationally agreed-upon principles • Separate content and carrier data, and

separate content from display • Examples – numerous and appropriate

Structure of RDA Online

• Entities and their attributes– Group 1 (Work-Expression-

Manifestation-Item) (Chapters 1-7)– Group 2 (Personal-Family-Corporate

Body) (Chapters 8-16)

• Relationships (Chapters 17-37)• Appendicies A-L

Work

Expression

Manifestation

Item

is realized through

is embodied in

is exemplified by

FRBR/FRAD Refresher – Relationships

Inherent Group 1 Relationships

12

Work

Expression

Manifestation

Item

is owned by

is produced by

is realized by

is created by

Person

Corporate Body

Family

FRBR/FRAD Refresher – Relationships

RelationshipsBetween Groups 1 and 2

14

RDA: What it is -- A Content Standard

• Not a display standard (as is AACR2)– But it does contain …

• Appendix D for ISBD• Appendix E for AACR2 style for access points

• Not an encoding standard– ‘Schema-neutral’– Can be encoded in:

• MARC 21• Dublin Core• etc.

Int’l cataloging Principles (2009)

Convenience of the user descriptions and controlled forms

of names for access should be made with the user in mind

Representation descriptions & forms of names

should be based on the way an entity describes itself

Accuracythe entity should be faithfully

portrayed

ICP in RDA 1.2The data should • serve to differentiate• be sufficient to help the user

select an appropriate resource • reflect the resource’s

representation of itself • accurately correct or clarify

ambiguous, unintelligible, or misleading representations

• reflect common usage

RDA Example: 2.8.1.4 and 2.20.7.3

Reflect the resource’s representation of itself, while providing information to correct or clarify

260 $a Belfast500 $a Actually published in

Dublin.

1.4 Language & Script

Transcribe elements in the language and script in which they appear

• Alternative if an element listed cannot be recorded in the script used on the source, record it in a transliterated form.

• Optional addition record an element in a transliterated form in addition to the form recorded in the script used on the source.

1.7 Transcription• capitalize the first word of a

title, the first word of a name … as applicable to the language involved

• transcribe marks of punctuation as they appear

A.4 For titles with unusual capitalization, follow the capitalization of the title as found on the source of information

Transcribing titles proper

245 $a Trina’s gide to rock climbing

246 $i Corrected title:

$a Trina’s guide to rock climbing

• Trina’s gide [sic] to rock climbing

• Trina’s g[u]ide

• Trina’s gide [i.e. guide]

RDA 1.7.9 and 2.3.1.4 AACR

RDA AACR2

element area

authorized access point heading

creator author, illustrator, etc.

preferred name for a person

personal name

RDA AACR2

preferred title + authorized access point for creator

main entry

preferred title + other information to differentiate

uniform title

collective title uniform title

RDA AACR2

variant access point See reference

authorized access point for related entity

See also reference

carrier description physical description

preferred sources (the sources for information have been expanded too)

chief source

Before you begin• Determine the mode of issuance• Choose the type of description• Develop local policy for

alternatives and options, or decide to leave to the discretion of the individual cataloger

• In RDA, LCPS have been reissued and renamed LC-PCC-PS (Library of Congress, Program for Cooperative Cataloging, Policy Statement)

1.1.3 Mode of Issuancemonograph complete in one part or

intended to be completed within a finite number of parts

multipart monograph issued in two or more parts (either simultaneously or successively) that is complete or intended to be completed within a finite number of parts

serial issued in successive parts, usually bearing numbering, no predetermined conclusion

integrating resource added to or changed by means of updates that do not remain discrete

1.5.1 Type of Descriptioncomprehensivedescribe a single- or multi-part

resource, serial, integrating resource, assembled collection

analyticaldescribe a part contained within a

larger resourcehierarchicaldescribe a resource consisting of 2

or more parts using both comprehensive and analytical descriptions

Choices in RDA

• elements beyond Core and Core if to include in local cataloging (see LC Core Elements list)

• alternatives to do something different than instructed

• optional omissions• optional additions• adherence to your local agency’s

policies

Choice of Different Approaches

3.4.5.3 when giving the extent of a resource consisting entirely of unnumbered pages, use one of the following

300 $a 93 unnumbered pages

300 $a approximately 90 pages

300 $a 1 volume (unpaged)

0.6 Core ElementsAs a minimum, a resource

description should include all the core elements that are applicable and readily ascertainable.

The description should also include any additional elements that are required in a particular case to differentiate the resource from one or more other resources.

The inclusion of other specific elements is discretionary

Recommend following LC

1.3 Core Elements for Manifestations and Items

Title properStatement of

responsibilityEditionSerials

numberingProduction (core

if)Publication

Distribution, manufacture (core if)

Copyright dateSeriesIdentifierCarrier typeExtent

2.2.2 Preferred SourcesUse formally presented

information on title page, cover, caption, masthead, colophon

Treat accompanying material and/or container such as a box in which a game or kit is issued, as part of the resource itself when describing the resource as a whole using a comprehensive description

2.2.4 Other Sources Take information from one of the

following sources (in order of preference):

• a) accompanying material (a leaflet, an "about" file)

• b) a container that is not issued as part of the resource itself (a box, case made by the owner)

• c) other published descriptions of the resource

• d) any other available source (a reference source)

2.3.1 Title Proper Transcribe a title as it appears on

the source of information and apply the general guidelines on transcription

Optional omission: abridge a long title only if it can be abridged without loss of essential information. Use a mark of omission (…) to indicate such an omission. Never omit any of the first five words

2.3.1.4 Title Proper

for monographs: transcribe as it appears245 $a Good faires of New York246 $i Title should read:

$a Good fairies of New York

for serials & integrating resources: correct obvious typographic errors, and make a note

2.3.4 Other Title Information

do not supply, transcribe what you find, with an exception for cartographic resources and moving image resources

• example map 245 $a Vegetation : $b [in

Botswana]• example moving image

245 $a Annie Hall : $b [trailer]

2.3.4.3 Continuing Resources

Record other title information appearing on the same source of information as the title proper

245$a The Greenwood tree : $b newsletter of the Somerset and Dorset Family History Society

245$a The purple purla newsletter without a subtitle on resource

2.3.3.3 Parallel Titles

• transcribe as they appear• can be taken from anywhere

within the resource• record the titles in the order

indicated by the sequence, layout, or typography of the titles on the source or sources of information

2.4.2 Statement of Responsibility

Sources that can be used are expanded, so that only statements taken from outside the resource itself are enclosed in square brackets

2.4.2.2 Take SOR froma) the same source as the title proper b) another source within the resource itself c) one of the other sources of information specified under 2.2.4

2.4.1.4 Statement of Responsibility

Transcribe a statement of responsibility in the form in which it appears on the source of information

$c created by the fourth grade class of Washington Elementary School, Berkeley, CA

option: abridge without loss of essential information

$c sponsored by the Library Association

Source of information reads: sponsored by the Library Association (founded 1877)

2.4.1.5 -- No Rule of ThreeRecord a statement naming more

than one person, family or corporate body as a single statement regardless of whether the persons, etc., named perform the same or different functions

$c by J. David Hulchanski, Philipa Campsie, Shirley B.Y. Chau, Stephen W. Hwang, Emily Paradis, general editors.

2.4.1.5Optional omission: If a single

statement of responsibility names more than three persons, etc., performing the same function or with the same degree of responsibility, omit all but the first of each group … indicate the omission by summarizing … indicate that the summary was taken from a source outside the resource itself

$c by J. David Hulchanski [and four others]

2.4.1.8 Noun Phrases in SORtreat the noun or noun phrase

that occurs with a statement of responsibility as part of the statement of responsibility

245 $a Characters from Dickens / $c dramatised adaptations by

Barry Campbell245 $a The girl who fell from the

sky / $c a novel by Heidi W. Durrow

2.5.1 Edition• transcribe an edition statement as it

appears on the source of information.

• apply the general guidelines on transcription given under 1.7 (transcription)

• B.4 : for transcribed elements, use only those abbreviations found in the sources of information for the element

250 $a Canadian edition250 $a Northern ed.

2.6 Serials Numbering• Record numbers expressed as

numerals or as words applying the general guidelines given under 1.8 : transcribe in the form in which they appear 

Exception : Substitute a slash for a hyphen, as necessary, for clarity

• when describing a serial that has ceased publication, record the numbering for the last issue or part

2.7 Production Statementa statement identifying the place

& producer & date(s) of production of a resource in an unpublished form ; includes statements relating to the inscription, fabrication, construction, etc.

2.7.6.6 if the date or an approximate date of production for an unpublished resource cannot reasonably be determined, use

$c date of production not identified

2.8 Publication Statement

transcribe places of publication and publishers' names in the form in which they appear on the source of information. Apply the general guidelines on transcription given under 1.7 

• optional omission : omit levels in a corporate hierarchy that are not required to identify the publisher. Do not use a mark of omission (…) to indicate this has been done

2.8.2 place of publication• include what is presented on the

source• record more than one place in the

order indicated on the source, only 1st is required

• if place is not identified anywhere on the resource but known, supply it in square brackets

• if place is uncertain, include a question mark

• if neither a known nor a probable place of publication can be determined, use Place of publication not identified

2.8.4 Publisher’s Name• transcribe publishers' names in

the form in which they appear, optionally omit levels in a corporate hierarchy that are not required to identify the publisher

• if the name as transcribed is known to be fictitious, or requires clarification, make a note giving the actual name

• if more than one is named, record in the order indicated by the sequence, layout, or typography of the names on the source but only 1st is core

2.8.6 Date of Publication • record as it appears• if the date as it appears in the

resource is known to be fictitious or incorrect, make a note giving the actual date (see 2.20.7.3)

• if date is not found anywhere on the resource but known, supply it in square brackets

• if date is uncertain, include a question mark

• if neither a known nor a probable place of publication can be determined, use date of publication not identified

Publication StatementsElements get their own square

brackets264 #1 $a [London] : $b [Phipps], $c [1870]264 #1 $a Duncan, British Columbia : $b [Eaglecrest Books], $c [2008]

do not add Latin abbreviations264 #1 $a [Place of publication not identified] : $b [publisher not identified], $c [2010]

264 #4 $c©2010

Core If!• production is core for unpublished

resources• publication is core for published

resources• distribution is core if publication is

not given• manufacturer is core if neither

distribution or publication is given © does not substitute for a

publication dateCopyright date is a core element if

neither the date of publication nor the date of distribution is identified

Comments on 264 Field• Replaces 260 field and adds

granularity to make distinctions between functions, such as – Production – Publication – Distribution – Manufacture – Copyright

264 IndicatorsFirst Indicator

(Statement sequence)

• # Not applicable/No information provided/Earliest

• 2 Intervening • 3 Current/latest

Second Indicator (Function of entity)

• 0 Production • 1 Publication • 2 Distribution • 3 Manufacture • 4 Copyright notice

date

2.12 Series Statement• transcribe the series title as it

appears on the source of information, apply the general guidelines on transcription given under 1.7 

• record the numbering as it appears on the source of information, Apply the general guidelines on transcription given under 1.7  and the general guidelines on numbers expressed as numerals or as words given under 1.8 

2.15 Identifier• take identifiers for the

manifestation from any source• if the identifier is one for which

there is a prescribed display format (e.g., ISBN, ISSN, URN), record it in accordance with that format

• if there is no prescribed display format for the identifier, record it as it appears on the source and precede it with a trade name or the name of the agency responsible for assigning it if available

3.3 Carrier Type (338) • select from a controlled list of

terms reflecting the format of the storage medium and housing of a carrier in combination with the type of intermediation device required to view, play, run, etc., the content of a resource

• use evidence presented by the resource itself (including accompanying material or container) plus take additional evidence from any source

• record as many terms as are applicable to the resource being described

3.4 Extent• give the number of units and an

appropriate term for the type of carrier as listed under 3.3.1.3 

• record the term in the singular or plural, as applicable. For instructions on using other terms to designate the type of unit see 3.4.1.5

• if the resource consists of more than one type of carrier, record the number of each applicable type. Specify the number of subunits, if applicable, as instructed under 3.4.1.7–3.4.1.9 

3.4.1.5 Other terms for Carriers

use a term in common usage, including a trade name, if applicablea) if the carrier is in a newly developed format that is not yet covered in the listb) if none of the terms listed is appropriate, orc) as an alternative to a term listed under 3.3.1.3, if preferred by the agency preparing the description.

audio disc or CDcomputer disc or CD-ROM, DVD-

ROMvideodisc or DVD, Blue-Ray

RDA 3.4 Extent and 7.15

Extent is core element if the resource is complete or if the total extent is known

300 $a xvii, 323 pages : $b illustrations

300 $a 93 unnumbered pages : $b chiefly illustrations

300 $a approximately 90 pages : $b maps (some color)

300 $a 1 volume (unpaged)

Extent for a print book

300 $a 153 pages : $b illustrations ; $c 22 cm.

336 $a text $2 rdacontent 337 $a unmediated $2 rdamedia 338 $a volume $2 rdacarrier

Note that cm. is abbreviated (unit of measure)

7.15 Illustrative Content

• if the resource contains illustrative content, record illustration or illustrations, as appropriate

• tables containing only words and/or numbers are not considered as illustrative content

• disregard illustrated title pages and minor illustrations

• include details of the illustrative content if they are considered to be important for identification or selection.

336-337-338 TagsGeneral material designations in

subfield $h in 245 have been replaced by 3 new variable fields

336 Content Type (RDA 6.9)

337 Media Type (RDA 3.2)

338 Carrier Type (RDA 3.3)

336, 337, 338 Subfields$a - content/media/carrier type

term (R)

$b - content/media/carrier type code (R)

$2 - Source (NR)

$8 - Field link and sequence number (R)

RDA 6.9 Content Type, tag 336

The fundamental form of communication in which the content is expressed and the human sense through which it is intended to be perceived –spoken word–text–computer program

RDA 3.2 Media Type, tag 337

A categorization reflecting the general type of intermediation device required to view, play, run, etc., the content of a resource. See 3.2.1.3–audio–unmediated –computer

RDA 3.3 Carrier Type, tag 338

A categorization reflecting the format of the storage medium and housing of a carrier. See 3.3.1.3–audio disc–volume –online resource

A Motion Picture 245 $a Come, thou tortoise / $c screenplay and

direction by Jessica Grant.

336 $a two-dimensional moving image

$2 rdacontent337 $a video $2 rdamedia338 $a videodisc $2 rdacarrier

Printed Book Example

245 $a Come, thou tortoise / $c by Jessica Grant.

336 $a text $2 rdacontent

337 $a unmediated $2 rdamedia

338 $a volume $2 rdacarrier

PDF Document Example300 $a 1 online resource (ix, 120

pages) : $b illustrations (color)

336 $a text $2 rdacontent 337 $a computer $2 rdamedia 338 $a online resource $2

rdacarrierSource: Tillett 2010

Website with Maps and Photos

300 $a 1 online resource

336 $a text $2 rdacontent 336 $a cartographic image $2

rdacontent 336 $a still image $2 rdacontent 337 $a computer $2 rdamedia 338 $a online resource $2

rdacarrierSource: Tillett 2010

Relationship Designators

Use relationship designators to indicate the specific nature of relationships

• between works, expressions, manifestations, and items

• see appendix J

• between a resource and persons, families, and corporate bodies associated with

• see appendix I

Relate a Person to a ResourceRDA 18.4 gives 2 methods• Authorized access point• IdentifierUse terms in Appendix I to

indicate the specific nature of relationships between a resource and persons, families, and corporate bodies associated with that resource … at the level of specificity that is considered appropriate

Subfield $e Examples

100 $a Blais, Marie-Claire, $d 1939-

$e author240 $a Belle bête. $l English 245 $a Mad shadows / $ cMarie-

Claire Blais ; translated from the French by Merloyd Lawrence.

700 $a Lawrence, Merloyd, $e translator

2.4.1.5 & 6.27.1.3 & 19.2.1.3

100 $a Hulchanski, John David. $e editor

245 $a Finding home : $b policy options for addressing homelessness in Canada / $c J. David Hulchanski, Philipa Campsie, Shirley B.Y. Chau, Stephen W. Hwang, Emily Paradis, general editors.

700 $a Campsie, Philippa, $e editor700 $a Chau, Shirley B.Y., $e editor700 $a Hwang, Stephen, $e editor700 $a Paradis, Emily, $e editor

Relating One Resource to Another

RDA 24.4 gives 3 methods to show a relationship between resources

method 1 : identifier020 $a 9781741461633 ISBN for a related

manifestation

Example 2 RDA 24.4 method 2

Authorized access point245 $a Ten things I hate about you

700 $i parody of (work) $a Shakespeare, William, $d 1564–1616. $t Taming of the shrew

Example 3

RDA 24.4 method 3Description, structured or

unstructured

500 $a Facsimile of: 2nd edition, revised. — London : Routledge.

500 $a Activities are based on the book How the brain learns, by David A. Sousa, 3rd edition, 2006.

New MARC Tags in Authority Records

046 special coded dates370 associated place371 address372 field of activity373 affiliation374 occupation375 gender377 associated language

Appendix K and $i

RDA Appendix K lists possible relationships between persons, families and corporate bodies, e.g., employee, sponsor, descendant family, employer, predecessor.

MARC subfield $i added to 4XX and 5XX Authority is also used to specify these types of relationships.

Attributes of Corporate Bodies

046 special coded dates370 associated place371 address372 field of activity377 associated language

19.2.1.3 Recording CreatorsFictional characters are now

capable of authorship

Kermit, the FrogAuthorized access point

representing the creator for Before you leap: a frog’s-eye

view of life’s greatest lessons / by Kermit the Frog

Recording Families as Creators

Austen (Family : Austen, Jane, 1775–1817)

authorized access point representing the creator for published collection of family papers

Austen papers, 1704–1856 / edited by R.A. Austen-Leigh.

Summary of Changes• Do not create or introduce

abbreviations• No instructions to use Latin

abbreviations• “Take what you see” principle

of transcription means we now transcribe inaccuracies, add a note if warranted

• No more GMDs• No more rule of 3• Make the relationships between

entities clear(er)

Summary of Changes - 2Publication date is core for published

resources, so a date or probable date or “date of publication not identified” must always be present

Copyright date is a separate element in RDA and is not a substitute for a publication date. Copyright date is a core element if neither the date of publication nor the date of distribution is identified; may be used as inferred publication date

If more than one place of publication or publisher’s name appears, only the first recorded is required.

… using the MARC record is a step backward, since it cannot accommodate key RDA concepts like FRBR entities and relationships

--Karen Coyle’s post to RDA-L 8/31/10

Bibframe

• Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative: Initiative to develop replacement for MARC

• Led by Library of Congress• Web site:

http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/

Also a Change to the Leader

MARC records containing RDA descriptions will have leader/18 = i indicating ISBD punctuation is present

--redefined codes for this byte

leader/06 Type of record will continue to contain the code for primary content

040 Cataloging Source

$b language of cataloging (NR)

$e description conventions (R)

040 $a DLC $b eng $c DLC $e rda

040 $a CaOTR $b fre $c CaOTR $e rda

Looking for RDA Records

In LC’s catalog http://catalog.loc.gov

Go to basic searchSearch text: 040e rdaSearch type: expert searchIn OCLC use index dx: (Descriptive

conventions) as a limiter dx:rda

Recap: Identify RDA Records

• 008 position 18=I• 040 $e rda• No 245 $h [GMD]• Presence of 264• Presence of 336, 337, 338 (CMC)• Use of relator terms $e in 1XX &

7XX• No abbreviations (except where

prescribed)

Review and Exercises

• Examine RDA cheat sheets• Review RDA core elements for

monographs• Review Kent State RDA Copy

Cataloging procedures• Review LC Checklists• Review Guided Practice

exercises

Questions?