Race RelationsRace Relations

Civil Rights and Civil Rights and African AmericansAfrican Americans

Why did African Why did African Americans seek Americans seek

reform?reform?

#1 Voting Discrimination#1 Voting Discrimination• Poll tax: pay to votePoll tax: pay to vote

• Literacy Literacy Test: prove Test: prove

you can read you can read to voteto vote

Voting Voting DiscriminationDiscrimination

Voting DiscriminationVoting Discrimination• Grandfather clauseGrandfather clause

- designed for white voters - designed for white voters to avoid poll tax and literacy to avoid poll tax and literacy test test

- can vote if father or - can vote if father or grandfather could before 1867grandfather could before 1867

• Supreme Court 1896Supreme Court 1896

• Legalized segregationLegalized segregation

• ““separate but equal” separate but equal” does not violate 14does not violate 14thth amendmentamendment

#2 #2 Plessy V. Plessy V. FergusonFerguson

Five Forks Elementary School for

blacks. Front view. Built in 1918, served

grades 1-5, pupil capacity of 60.

No indoor plumbing and no steam/hot water

heat.

A typical southern classroom of the early

1900s, barefoot children work under the supervision

of a single teacher, who taught all subjects, ages,

and grades

African American school, Halifax County

South Boston

Elementary school for whites, Halifax County South Boston

Worsham High School and Elementary School for whites. Side

view looking east. Built in 1928, served grades 1-12, pupil capacity of 300, had

indoor plumbing and either steam or hot water heat.

#3 Jim Crow Laws#3 Jim Crow Laws• Black Codes that Enforced Black Codes that Enforced

segregationsegregation

#4 Lynching#4 Lynching• Lynching: murder without a Lynching: murder without a

trialtrial

• Between 1882-1892: 900 African Between 1882-1892: 900 African Americans were lynchedAmericans were lynched

Lynchings Lynchings were meant were meant to scare and to scare and intimidate intimidate

What could be done to What could be done to fight this system?fight this system?

Who led the movement to Who led the movement to improve conditions for improve conditions for

African Americans?African Americans?

Early Civil Rights LeadersEarly Civil Rights LeadersBooker T. Booker T.

WashingtonWashingtonW.E.B.W.E.B.DuBoisDuBois Marcus GarveyMarcus Garvey

Questions?Questions?