PUSH & PULL FACTORS FOR

EUROPEANSUNIT 1: EXPLORATION & ENCOUNTER

DAY 2 LESSON

10TH WORLD HISTORY

DO NOW• 5 min

• Write down the following in your notebook on Page

• Learning Target: I will understand the reasons and motivations for

European Expansions.

• Success Criteria: I can draw and explain a visual representation for at

least 5 reasons for European Expansion.

• Guiding Question: What motivated European Explorers to expand?

• Importance/Relevance/Skills: Causality, Notetaking

Choose one of the

following to answer in

your INB:

• Why do people

• Immigrate to the US?

• Move away for college?

• Move to New York City?

• Move to Hollywood?

• Move to a different

city/state?

• Answers could use your

own or others’ life

experiences 5 min Journaling

3 min Pair share

5 min class call out

PUSH VS. PULL FACTORSAS YOU TAKE NOTES – MARK THE FACTS AS PUSH OR PULL FACTORS

Factors that “push”

people away from

home

PUSHFactors that “pull”

people towards a

new place

PULL

PUSH AND PULL COMMENTARY

• Commentary Template – Topic – Why did Europeans start exploring the

world?

_______________________ (CD) was a pull factor for exploration because

____________________________.

_______________________ (CD) was a push factor for exploration

because____________________________.

• Example – Topic - Why did I want to leave Seattle?

The depressing, overcast and rainy weather (CD) was a push factor me

leaving Seattle because I needed to live somewhere with lots of sun and heat

instead of being wet and cold all the time (explanation).

EUROPEAN CONTACT BEFORE 1492?

Marco Polo

The Crusades

SPICES, SILKS, & JEWELS FROM ASIA

Ship carrying spices or silks worth over 100

times more than a ship carrying timber or

grain!

TECHNOLOGY ENABLED EXPANDED

TRADE

TECHNOLOGY

• Better mapmaking;

world is round!

• Compass

• Astrolabe developed

(allowed sailors to

figure out the latitude of

a ship)

TECHNOLOGY

• Cannons provide

firepower

• New ships that could

sail against the wind

• Maybe go west to get

to Asia?

POLITICAL CHANGES

• Rivalries and wars

between countries

• Spain vs. Portugal

• England vs. France

• “Keeping up with the

Joneses”

ECONOMIC CHANGES

• Standardized money

• Shortage - needed more gold and silver

• Financed overseas expeditions to get that gold and silver!

• Encouraged international trade and banking

• Could lend money to companies and governments

MERCANTILISM

• Fixed amount of wealth

in the world

• Have to take money

away from other nations

• More wealth = more

power

• Invade lands with gold

and silver first

• Invade lands with raw

materials second

MERCANTILISM

• If you have colonies with

BOTH gold/silver AND

raw materials, money

stays in your

country/empire

• Goods from colonies

could only be sold in the

home country…STRICT

control of colonies by the

home countries

SOCIAL CHANGE

• Population increase

• Get rich in El

Dorado

• Religious

persecution

• Spread Christianity

DEFINITIONS YOU NEED TO KNOW!

Exploitation: the action or fact of

treating someone unfairly in order to

benefit from their work.

Mercantilism: belief in the benefit

of profitable trading,

commercialism

1400-1700 IMPERIALISM

• Imperialism - domination of a powerful nation over the political,

economic, and cultural affairs of another nation or region

• Major European empires try to grab up as much of the new

worlds as possible

• Spain, Portugal, England, France, Netherlands, Russia

• Renaissance = stronger monarchs that are now competing with

each other in the new world market.

HOW IS THIS BAD?

• Effect on the “new worlds”

• Slave trade

• Death and disease brought to native peoples

• Beginning of imperialism that last through the world wars

• India, China, Korea, South and Central America

HOW IS THIS GOOD?

• Development of world markets and trade

• Strengthening of modern state system

• Learning and sharing of knowledge

THE EMPIRESOF THE EXPLORATION PERIOD

Portugal

Spanish

Dutch

French

Russians

THE TRIANGULAR TRADEThree stages

1. Merchants shipped cotton

goods, weapons, and liquor to

Africa in exchange for gold or

slaves

2. Middle Passage = shipment of

slaves across the Atlantic to

the Americas

3. Merchants used molasses and

sugar (from plantations) to

make rum

Triangular trade began

again

when rum used to buy

more

African slaves.

THE MIDDLE PASSAGE

Transportation of slaves from Africa to the New World

11-14 million slaves lived through horrible journey, as many as 80,000 a year at

its height.

•Historians estimate that as many may have died during the process (11-14 million)•Africa’s population did not increase between 1650-1800•Tightly packed in terrible conditions.•Some African kingdoms willingly participated in the trade for goods, others fiercely protected their people from raiders.

EXPLORATION WORKSHEET

-Compass

-Better maps

-New ships

-New and improved

techniques in map-

making, navigation,

design and

weapons

-started standardizing $

GOLD

-Opened more banks

-joint-stock companies

-more $ stronger,

ambitious gov’t

-Wanted to get rich quick

-Wanted religious freedom

-Resettlement was

attractive

-certain amount of $

and wealth to be had

-needed to take from

others to get wealth

-$=power

-governments were excited

about exploring and

claiming new land

-wanted $=wealth

THE THREE “GS” OF EXPLORATION

G #1: GOLD

Europeans wanted a faster route to Asia for access to gold,

spices and other natural resources. Once the new world is

discovered, explorers and conquerors seek to exploit these

new markets as well, plus, SLAVES.

Mercantilism: There is a limited amount of wealth to be had,

your country must get the biggest piece.

De Gama: a

boat full of

spices: 300%

profit! Whoa!

G#2: GLORY

It’s a race! Competition between rising

monarchs. Which European country can

discover, explore and conquer the new land

first?

Humanist emphasis on individual success

plus the invention of the printing press leads

to opportunities to develop “celebrity status”

G#3: GOD

Native people are pagan, and need to be

converted.

Reformation has brought competition into the

mix. Which new sect can get the most

followers?

The very first permanent settlements are often

missions. (California!)

EXIT TICKET

• Draw a Political Cartoon or visual representation for

5 Motivations/reasons for Europeans Expansion –

label them push or pull factors.

• Under each drawing, write a specific CD and CM

that represents Reason/Motivation - use the

sentence stems provided earlier.