Puritans and Other Early Colonies

And probably some other stuff…

Puritan Intolerance

Roger Williams◦Separation of church and state◦Banished to RI◦Free religion◦Voters did not have to be church members

Puritan Intolerance

Anne Hutchinson◦She was smart, well-educated, and powerful◦And she was a WOMAN◦Many turned against her in MA◦Tried for heresy, and convicted◦BANISHED to RI, the armpit of MA

Puritan Emigration

Between 1649-1660, Puritans to New England slowed to a halt

Oliver Cromwell ruled England as a republicHad a ConstitutionDied in 1658By 1660, the Stuarts restored the throneInterregnum: between kings: Puritans had

prosperity in England, even if it was brief…Stuarts took over, Puritans began emigrating

again

A summary of New England and Chesapeake

Very different livesEntire families emigrated to New EnglandSingle males to VirginiaClimate was more suitable in N.E. and

people lived longerStronger sense of community in N.E.Towns were closer in N.E.Both groups were religious, but who was

by far the most religious of the two??????

Part II: Other Early Colonies: Thanks to King Charles II!

A summary of many of the early colonies and how they got started

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MA and Pequot War

Massachusetts settlers began to look for new places to live

CT valley was a good placeLots of access to the sea for tradeArea was inhabited by Pequots, who

attacked a settlement in Wakefield and killed nine colonists

MA Bay members burned the main Pequot village, killing 400, including men, women, and children

Connecticut and Maryland

Proprietorship (owned by one person)CT was one example (John Winthrop I

believe…)MD was another; granted to Calvert (Lord

Baltimore)Calvert declared MD a haven for Catholics,

but also for all Christians to have religious tolerance

New York

A royal gift to James, the king’s brotherMuch of the area was New Netherland, a

Dutch settlementDutch didn’t think much of area other

than a trading postAfter English invaded, Dutch allowed to

stay, and made up a lot of NY population for years

New Jersey

King gave New Jersey to a couple of friends (political allies)

The friends then turned around and gave it back to the crown, and it became a royal colony again!

It was not a profitable colonyNo major cities developed there at that

time

Pennsylvania

King Charles II gave PA to William Penn, a close friend

Charles felt that Quakers were “dangerous radicals”, as did many at this time

But he and Penn were friends, and with his desire to get the Quakers as far away from England as possible, he gave them PA

Penn established liberal policies toward religious freedom and civil liberties in PA

PA became one of the fastest growing colonies

North Carolina

Initially just Carolina, another proprietary colony

Split in two in 1729 due to conflict between the proprietors

NC was settled by Virginians and was run like VA

South Carolina

The other half of the splitSettled by descendants of Englishmen

who had colonized BarbadosSettlers from Barbados were the first

Englishmen in the New World who had seen widespread slavery at work

This was really what marked the beginning of the slave era in the colonies

Georgia

Georgia - the last of the coloniesA philanthropic experiment and buffer

from the SpanishGeneral James Oglethorpe was its founder