PUBLIC OPEN SPACE AS SPORTS RECREATION SPORTS …eprints.unm.ac.id/11120/3/MAKALAH HASIL TRANSLATE KE INGGRIS 2018.pdfCar Free Day Program at Losari Beach in Makassar City Based on

1 Presented in an International Seminar on Conference on Education, Science and Technology

(ICEST) "Enhancing Education, Science, and Technology for Sustainable Development,

Universitas Negeri Makassar, 11-12 March 2017

Article Research Results Presented in an International Seminar on Conference on Education,

Science and Technology (ICEST) "Enhancing Education, Science, and Technology for

Sustainable Development, Universitas Negeri Makassar, 11-12 March 2017

PUBLIC OPEN SPACE AS

SPORTS RECREATION SPORTS

(Survey of Interest and Motivation of the Community to Perform Recreational Sports

Through the Car Free Day Program at Losari Beach in Makassar City in 2016)

By :

WAHYUDIN, SAHARULLAH & ANDI ATSSAM MAPPANYUKKI

Abstract

This study aims to see an overview of how the interest and motivation of the community to

do recreational sports through the Car Free Day program at Losari Beach in Makassar City.

The location of this study is around Losari Beach, Makassar City.

In this study, the people of Makassar City were exercising recreation through Car Free

Day at Losari Beach in Makassar City in 2016. Samples in the study amounted to 60 people who

were taken randomly without agreement with the researchers. The sampling technique in this

study is Random Sampling, which is a sampling technique where all individuals in the

population, either individually or in groups, are given the same opportunity to be selected as

sample members or commonly referred to as random or random sampling, ie without choosing.

What is meant here are people who take part in car free days between the ages of 15 - 35 years.

The research approach method used by researchers is a quantitative research approach. The

step taken by the researcher is to score each item from the questionnaire distributed to each

respondent. Then all scores are summed and analyzed with statistical data. To analyze the data

in this study using percentage statistical analysis.

The results showed that: 1. Interest in the Community in Recreation Sports through the

Car Free Day Program at Losari Beach in Makassar City Based on data obtained from 60

research respondents, after being processed statistically showed the following results: The

minimum score obtained was 48 and the maximum score is 98 from the calculated range.

Subsequent calculations, giving an average value () of 83.57, median (Me) of 85 and Mode (Mo)

of 83 and 84, standard deviation of 7.71 and variance of 59.80. 2. Motivation of the Community

to Perform Recreational Sports Through the Car Free Day Program at Losari Beach, Makassar

City Based on data obtained from 60 research respondents, after being processed statistically

showed the following results: The minimum score obtained was 52 and the maximum score was

100 from calculated range. Subsequent calculations provide an average value () of 82.02,

median (Me) of 83 and Mode (Mo) of 84, standard deviation of 9.29 and variance of 86.46.




The benefits that can be drawn from the results of this study are: 1. In order to increase

the interest and motivation of the people in Makassar City towards recreational sports, the city

government of Makassar should make more arrangements and order in the CFD location. 2. As

information for the people of Makassar City who are expected to be able to utilize this activity as

best as possible to exercise and other activities because of the lack of land that can be used to

play and exercise safely, comfortably and regularly. 3. For DISHUB and the Police, it is hoped

that it can be useful as a guide in securing and providing good services to people who exercise at

Losari Beach during Car Free Day so that people feel safe, calm, and comfortable in doing

activities, especially exercising on Losari Beach. during Car Free Day.

PRELIMINARY

Sports is a part of human life all the time. Throughout the period, the meaning begins

when the human being exists and will not end when the human being is always there. The

function, position, and nature of the sport itself will not change will change is the movement of

human beings as part of human life but the purpose of sport may change according to the

development of the times and the development of human life.

Sports that we see now or that we practice together are not just an event to get medals,

not an arena for muscle fighting, and also not solely to achieve achievements but deeper than

that, namely as a means to improve and develop human resources better still, a better quality of

life, such as improving physical, mental, social and emotional health (Cholik Toho Mutohir, et

al., 2011: 2)

In accordance with the functions and objectives of sports, we recognize various forms of

sports activities, such as (1) educational sports for the purpose of educating, (2) recreational

sports aimed at recreation, (3) sports health for the purpose of health development, (4)

rehabilitation sports aimed at rehabilitation, (5) competitive sports for the purpose of achieving

the highest achievement.

Community activities in terms of doing recreational sports are still very lacking. In

addition to the awareness of the importance of sports that come from within yourself, other

factors that hinder the public from doing recreational sports are about the facilities and

infrastructure available to support these activities. Speaking of sports facilities and infrastructure

in Indonesia to support the existence of recreational sports by the community, it can be said in all

cities in Indonesia that the facilities and infrastructure have the same problem, namely the lack of

places and facilities to carry out these activities is no exception in Makassar City.

Based on the results of research conducted by Wahyudin (2015: 97) the number of sports

fields in Makassar City is insufficient. Although in each sub-district has a sports field that can be

used by the general public to do sports both in the morning and in the afternoon and evening,




there are city parks, and other vacant land. But there are still community members who do sports

activities not in place. Run morning on the highway or play football in the shopping center of the

shopping mall.

Seeing from the limitations and lack of facilities and infrastructure in Makassar City, car

free day (CFD) activities were carried out. This is a form of the government's role in overcoming

the lack of places and facilities to carry out recreational sports activities by issuing car free day

policies.

The CFD program was first carried out in the Netherlands and Belgium in order to reduce

the energy crisis on November 25, 1956 to January 20, 1957. On April 19, 2001 the Earth Car

Free Day (ECFD) program was first held simultaneously in all corners of the world. More than

300,000 organizations and cities around the world participated in activities organized by The

Commons WC / FD program and Earth Day Network.

The United Nations (UN) has stated that this CFD program is a world project in order to

reduce air pollution. This is contained in the UN proposal regarding The United Nations Car Free

Days Program. Car free day is one of the policies in which motorized vehicles are prohibited

from crossing a main road in a city that is holding car free days at certain hours in accordance

with the policies of each City organizer to provide a common space for people to carry out sports

activities in accordance with sports principles that is easy, cheap, safe, fun and healthy.

To support the policy regarding car free day activities in each City organizer as well as to

avoid negative responses arising from the public who are disturbed by the existence of road

closures that are used to conduct car free day activities, this activity is strengthened by the

respective Regional Regulations - each region through LH Decree No. 15/1996 according to the

Blue Sky program.

In Indonesia alone, the CFD program was first known as the Motor Vehicle Free Day

(HBKB) program. On that day all vehicles that contain or produce odors from exhausts such as

cars, motorbikes and other emission vehicles are prohibited from crossing the designated road.

The implementation of a car free day in the city of Makassar itself is carried out every

Sunday from 6.00 to 10.00 on Losari Beach, Jalan Jenderal Sudirman, and Jalan Baulevard. The

implementation of car free day in Makassar City is inseparable from various background

problems, one of the problems is as an alternative to provide public space for the public to be

used as a place for sports activities.

In addition to addressing the problem of public space, another problem that lies behind is

in accordance with the appeal of the president of the Republic of Indonesia who calls for energy

saving movements so that car free day activities carried out by the Makassar City government




are one of the first steps to anticipate the depletion of resource reserves (SDA ) Non-renewable

ones exist in Indonesia for years to come.

Another problem that supports the holding of car free days in the city of Makassar is

regarding congestion, so it is expected that the implementation of car free days in Makassar will

contribute to reducing the volume of vehicles that will pass through the city of Makassar. In

addition, it will reduce gas emissions that cause pollution in the ceiling of Makassar City, so that

air quality will be better and oxygen levels are feasible and safe for people to breathe.

Many implementations of car free day activities have been carried out in the city of

Makassar, starting from the physical aspects related to regulations regarding public vehicles

passing the car free day route. The location of the path used to carry out the car free day can be

said to be the main route in the city of Makassar. So that public transportation prior to the

holding of car free day activities passes through the Losari Beach Road, General Sudirman, and

the Baulevard diverts their routes so as not to interfere with ongoing car free day activities.

The social impact with the existence of car free day activities is to become a gathering

place for all forms of visitors from various social levels. So that it will have a positive impact on

the brotherhood between the people who attend the car free day activities. It can be said that the

implementation of car free days in Makassar City has been able to represent the wishes of every

visitor who comes. That is, evidenced by various activities presented in car free day activities

such as sports, education, entertainment, and others.

Therefore, the researcher chose the title "Interest Survey and Motivation of the

Community to Perform Recreational Sports Through the Car Free Day Program at Losari Beach

in Makassar City in 2016".

Formulation of the problem

So that the main problems that will be studied in this study are: 1. How is the

community's interest in recreational sports through the Car Free Day program at Losari Beach in

Makassar City ? 2. How is the motivation of the community to do recreational sports through the

Car Free Day program at Losari Beach, Makassar City.

Literature review

A. Interest

Interest is a sense of preference and a sense of attachment to a thing or activity, without

anyone telling. Interest is basically the acceptance of a relationship between yourself and an

outside self. The stronger or nearer the relationship, then naturally the interest will be even




greater (Slameto, 2010: 180) An interest can be expressed through a statement that shows that

someone prefers something rather than another, can also be manifested through participation in

an activity. A person who has an interest in a particular subject tends to pay greater attention to

the subject.

Interest is not taken from birth, but obtained later. Interest in something is learned and

influences further learning and influences the acceptance of new interests. So interest in

something is the result of learning and supporting further learning. Although interest in

something is not essential to learning about it, the general assumption states that interest will

make someone learn it.

Interest is a tendency, excitement or a high desire for something, interest in influencing

concentration so that it encourages to do or pay attention to something seriously (Shah, 2000:

71). Interest can also be interpreted as a person's awareness that an object, a person, a thing or a

situation has something to do with him. This means that interest is one of the characteristics

realized by someone that everything that is done or done has something to do with him. Without

an interest someone will be reluctant to take action, he will not be interested in any activity, even

though he wants to do an activity but he does not feel pleasure let alone satisfaction. Interest in

dealing with mobility forces one to confront or deal with people, things, activities, experiences

that are felt by the activity itself.

B. Motivation

Motivation comes from the word motive which can be interpreted as an effort that

encourages someone to do something. Motives can be said to be the driving force from within

and within a person to carry out certain activities in order to achieve a goal.

Sardiman (2010: 73) motivation is a change in energy in a person that is characterized by

the emergence of feeling and preceded by a response to the existence of a goal. From the

understanding expressed by the MC. Donald contains three important elements, namely: (1) that

motivation initiates changes in energy in each individual human being. (2) motivation is

characterized by the appearance of a feeling or "feeling", one's affection in this case the

motivation is relevant to psychological, affective and emotional issues that determine human

behavior. (3) motivation will be stimulated because of a goal. So motivation in this case is

actually a response to an action, that is, a goal.

Meanwhile, motivation is a change in energy from one's personality which is

characterized by the emergence of affective and reactions to achieve goals. This formula has

elements that motivation begins with changes in energy in the person, motivation starts from the

onset of feelings (affective) and motivation is characterized by reactions to achieve goals.

Motivation has two components, namely the internal components and external components, the

inner components consist of self-requirements and drives, while the components outside the




goals to be achieved. Motivation functions as a driver, director, and at the same time as a driver

of one's behavior to achieve goals (Oemar Hamalik, 2007: 106)

According to Djamarah S.B. (2008: 149-152) that in discussing various kinds of

motivation, it will only be discussed from two points of view, namely the motivation that comes

from within a person's self called "intrinsic motivation" and motivation that comes from outside

of a person called "motivation extrinsic

C. Society

Society in English is used by the term society which comes from the Latin word socius,

meaning "friend". The term community itself comes from the Arabic syaraka root meaning "to

participate, participate" (Koentjaraningrat, 2009: 116).

Society is the unity of human life that interacts according to a particular system of

customs that is continuous, and which is bound by a sense of shared identity (Koentjaraningrat,

2009: 118). Understanding society according to Soerjono Soekanto, (2006: 22) quoted from

Soemardjan are people who live together who produce culture and they have the same region,

identity, have habits, traditions, attitudes, and feelings of unity tied by similarities.

Raplh Linton, as quoted by Mutakin, et al. (2004: 25) limits society as every group of

people who live and cooperate for a long time, so that they can organize themselves and realize

that they are a social entity with clear boundaries.

Some opinions of experts regarding the understanding of society, then the researchers

concluded the community as a group of people who live together in a place, interact and

cooperate so as to produce a culture, customs, traditions with limited ties and certain rules.

D. Physical Fitness Activities

Shiel's activities, et al., (2010: 5) are normal things a person does for a day, including

self-care (eating, bathing, dressing, dressing), working, working at home, and doing activities in

his spare time. From this opinion it can be concluded that activity is an activity carried out by a

person everyday by involving his limbs to carry out these activities.

Fitness according to Irianto, (2004: 2) is physical fitness (physical fitness), namely the

ability of a person to do daily work efficiently without excessive fatigue arising so that they can

still enjoy their free time. Giriwijoyo and Sidik, (2012: 21) suggests physical fitness as a state of

physical ability that can adjust the functions of body equipment to certain physical tasks and / or

to environmental conditions that must be overcome in an efficient way, without excessive fatigue

and complete recovery before the same task came the next day.




Physical fitness is the ability to carry out daily activities with full vitality and alertness

without experiencing significant fatigue and still enough energy to move in leisure time and face

emergency matters (Mutohir, et al., 2011: 11). A person who is fit means he is not easily tired

and tired. He can do daily work optimally, not lazy or even stop prematurely (Mutohir and

Maksum, 2007: 51).

E. Recreational Sports

Along with the success of development, people are increasingly aware of their rights such

as getting a job, political rights, economic rights, and including the right to exercise. It's just that

the right to exercise seems not to be a right that must be fought for as well as other rights. At

least we can see when a number of fields have been converted into business premises. In various

regions, these conditions have been and are occurring as if connecting continuously.

Unfortunately, no one appeared to sue, no community cared, for example by protesting. Even

though children, teenagers, and society in general have felt the difficulty of finding a place to

play and exercise.

The right to play and exercise is universal and has been stated explicitly by the United

Nations in its declaration. "The United and its member states affirm their commitment to the

right to play in the 1989 UN Declaration on the rights of the child" (Olympic Aid & WHO,

2002) : 4). In Law No. 3 of 2005 concerning the National Sports System Article 9 also states that

every citizen has the same rights to: 1) Obtain sports activities; 2) obtain services in sports

activities; 3) choose or follow a type or branch of sport that is appropriate to its branch and

interests; 4) obtain guidance, guidance, support, guidance and development in sports; 5) become

a sportsman; 6) developing the sports industry.

The whole principle must be "spirit" in every sport-related policy. For example, regional

leaders who build an area must take into account the need for open space that every citizen in the

region may use and use for the sake of exercising. Doubt arises when we see an area where

residential areas are very crowded, the field has been planted with multi-storey buildings, and as

if there is no more space that can be used by the community to exercise. (Toto Cholik Mutohir,

2007: 27)

Recreation is a term that is more popular than leisure. The traditional view explains that

recreation is a free time activity either done individually or as a group not related to anyone in

order to achieve satisfaction. As for the contemporary (current) view of recreation, it is an

activity of free time that is carried out individually or in groups without coercion involving




physical, psychological, emotional, and social elements that contain the nature of restoring the

conditions caused by routine activities

Research methods

The research approach used by researchers is qualitative and quantitative research

approaches. According to Margono (2010: 36) qualitative research is a research procedure that

produces descriptive data in the form of written or oral words from people and observable

behavior. Meanwhile, according to Moleong (2010: 19) qualitative research is a display in the

form of verbal or written words that are observed by the researcher, and objects that are observed

until the details can be captured by the implicit meaning in the document or object. Qualitative

research is a research method based on the philosophy of postpositivism, used to examine the

state of a natural object, where researchers are a key instrument, data collection techniques are

carried out by triangulation, data analysis is inductive or qualitative, and the results of qualitative

research emphasize the meaning of generalization (Sugiyono, 2010: 9).

Quantitative descriptive research is research using survey methods, and gathering

information or data using a questionnaire. As for what is meant by descriptive here is a

description of how the interest and motivation of the community doing recreational sports

through the Car Free Day program at Losari Beach in Makassar City.

Results and Discussion

Makassar City is also commonly called Daeng City or Anging Mamiri City. Daeng can

also be interpreted as "brother". There are three classifications of "Daeng" namely, title names,

honors calls, and general calls. While Anging Mamiri means "the wind blows" is one of the

original songs of the Makassar region which was very popular in the 1960s. This song is very

well liked by the former President of the Republic of Indonesia, Ir. Soekarno when visiting

Makassar on January 5, 1962.

Geographically, Makassar City is in the coordinate between 119º 18 '27.79 "- 119º 32'

31.03" East Longitude and between 5º 3 '30.81 "- 5º 14' 6.49" South Latitude, or in the west the

power of Sulawesi Island with altitude from sea level ranges from 0-25 m. because it is located

on the equator and is located on the coast of the Makassar Strait, the air temperature ranges from

20º C - 36º C, rainfall between 2,000 - 3,000 mm, and the average number of rainy days is 108

days per year. The climate in the city of Makassar only recognizes two seasons as in the rest of

Indonesia, namely the rainy and dry seasons. The rainy season lasts from October to April which

is influenced by western monsoon or in Makassar language called bara ', and the dry season lasts

from May to September which is influenced by the east monsoon or in the Makassar language

called timoro'. In the dry season, the South Sulawesi region in general often emits dry, cold

winds blowing from the east.




Data processing from a collection of respondents' answers to the statements contained in

the questionnaire given regarding surveys of interest and motivation of people doing recreational

sports through the car free day program at Losari Beach in Makassar City in 2016 the data is

quantitative. Quantitative data is data in the form of numbers and numbers. Furthermore,

quantitative data in the form of figures calculated from surveys of interest and motivation of the

people doing recreational sports through the car free day program at Losari Beach in Makassar

City are calculated using statistical data with a percentage descriptive formula (DP).

The results of data analysis are presented by adding up and comparing the amount

expected and obtained by the percentage. The percentage results are then interpreted with

qualitative sentences. This is intended to make it easier to understand the final results in

qualifying the results of the research.

1. Interest in the Community of Recreational Sports through the Car Free Day Program at Losari

Beach in Makassar City

Based on data obtained from 60 study respondents, after being processed statistically

showed the following results: The minimum score obtained was 48 and the maximum score was

98 from the calculated range. Subsequent calculations, giving an average value () of 83.57,

median (Me) of 85 and Mode (Mo) of 83 and 84, standard deviation of 7.71 and variance of

59.80. For more details can be seen in the following table:

Table 2.

Description of Data on Community Interest in Recreational Sports

Through the Car Free Day Program on Losari Beach

Mean 83.5667

Median 85.0000

Mode 83.00 dan 84.00

Std. Deviation 7.71388

Variance 59.504

Minimum 48.00

Maximum 98.00




Gambar 1.

Histogram Minat Masyarakat Melakukan Olahraga Rekreasi

Melalui Program Car Free Day di Pantai Losari

Public interest in recreational sports through Car Free Day at Losari Beach in Makassar

City is quite high because recreational sports are fun and easy to do by everyone with family and

friends. The attention of the community to Car Free Day for moving activities every Sunday

morning is included in the criteria quite high, as evidenced by the acquisition of 61.67%

percentage has a high interest in Car Free Day.




2. Motivation of the Community to Perform Recreational Sports Through the Car Free Day

Program at Losari Beach, Makassar City

Based on data obtained from 60 research respondents, after being processed statistically showed

the following results: The minimum score obtained was 52 and the maximum score was 100

from the calculated range. Subsequent calculations provide an average value () of 82.02, median

(Me) of 83 and Mode (Mo) of 84, standard deviation of 9.29 and variance of 86.46. For more

details can be seen in the following table:

Table 3.

Description of Data Motivating the Community to Do Recreational Sports


Mean 82.0167

Median 83.0000

Mode 84.00

Std. Deviation 9.29824

Variance 86.457

Minimum 52.00

Maximum 100.00

While the picture of data in the form of a histogram can be seen in the following table.




Figure 2.

Histogram Motivates People to Do Recreational Sports


Community motivation for recreational sports through Car Free Day at Losari Beach in

Makassar City has a percentage of 56.67% above the average price, so it can be concluded that

community interest and motivation towards recreational sports through Car Free Day at Losari

Beach in Makassar City is sufficient high.

The availability of open space for sports is the most important part for the

establishment of a conducive atmosphere for people with sports culture. The intended sports

culture is in the full scope of the sport, which includes sports achievements, sports education, and

community sports or recreational sports. Public facilities, public space, or open space is even an

action prerequisite for the collective behavior of the community to develop the sporting culture.

In the context of community sports / fitness / recreation, open space leads to a more varied

concept of public space. Public sports / fitness / recreation open space can be in the form of

gymnasiums, futsal courts, squares, village squares, as well as various forms of family recreation

facilities which are now widely developed in several cities in the country. The provision of open

space recreation sports often arises from the creative power of the community in overcoming the




problem of limited land. People sometimes have to be creative to transform parking lots to play

tennis or just exercise together.

Communities also have to be creative in arranging schedules when they have to utilize

open spaces used for sports achievements. In short, recreational sports are carried out by the

community because of a free time. Spend time and spare the open space.

The location of the car free day in Makassar City is located along Jalan Penghibur

(Losari Beach). This location is about 1100 m (1.1km) stretching from North to South.

Panoramanya is very beautiful so it is suitable for various relaxation activities. Some people take

advantage of this situation by doing sports activities such as physical fitness, walking, cycling or

just jogging.

Public interest in recreational sports through Car Free Day at Losari Beach in Makassar


friends. Public interest in recreational sports through Car Free Day at Losari Beach in Makassar


friends. The attention of the community to Car Free Day for moving activities every Sunday

morning is included in the criteria quite high, as evidenced by the acquisition of 61.67%

percentage has a high interest in Car Free Day. Whereas the community motivation for

recreational sports through Car Free Day at Losari Beach in Makassar City has a percentage of

56.67% above the average price, so it can be concluded that people's interest and motivation

towards recreational sports through Car Free Day at Losari Beach Makassar City high enough.

The car free day activities held in the city of Makassar are very useful and useful. to be

a meaningful contribution that can then be considered in relation to the interest and motivation of

the community to do recreational sports through the car free day program at Losari Beach in

Makassar City, as follows: the motivation of the people in Makassar City towards recreational

sports has increased even more so the city government of Makassar should make more

arrangements and order in the CFD location. 2. Seeing the high interest and motivation of

Makassar City people towards recreational sports through the Car Free Day at Losari Beach, the

need for the Tourism Office to provide the best service improvement so that people remain

interested in coming to Losari Beach to take part in Car Free Day while recreation recreation. 3.

Recreational sports at Losari Beach are increasingly in demand by visitors, it is expected that the

Youth and Sports Service can help in providing containers and arranging in recreational sports

development, especially in car free days. 4. DISHUB and the Police are expected to be able to

secure and provide good services to the people who exercise at Losari Beach during Car Free

Day so that people feel safe, calm, and comfortable in doing activities, especially exercising on

Losari Beach when Car Free Day. 5. For the people of Makassar City, they are expected to be

able to take advantage of this activity as best as possible to exercise and other activities because

of the lack of land that can be used to play and exercise safely, comfortably and regularly

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Documents

PUBLIC OPEN SPACE AS SPORTS RECREATION SPORTS …eprints.unm.ac.id/11120/3/MAKALAH HASIL TRANSLATE KE INGGRIS 2018.pdfCar Free Day Program at Losari Beach in Makassar City Based on