PSNH’s Renewable Hydro PowerPSNH’s Renewable Hydro PowerPSNH s Renewable Hydro Power PSNH s Renewable Hydro Power FleetFleet

Bob Gundersen, PSNH Hydro Manager

11

y g

PSNH is a Regulated Public Utility serving ~480,000 PSNH is a Regulated Public Utility serving ~480,000 g y g ,g y g ,customers in New Hampshire. Its generation capacity plays customers in New Hampshire. Its generation capacity plays a small but important role in the region.a small but important role in the region.

New England Capacity New Hampshire Capacity

3% PSNH PSNH

Other Generators

97%

Other Generators 3% PSNH

30%, 1,153 MW

97% 70%

22

Generating PlantsThe Hydro fleet has:The Hydro fleet has:

••20 units at 9 sites throughout 20 units at 9 sites throughout New HampshireNew HampshireNew HampshireNew Hampshire

••69 megawatts total69 megawatts total

••3 work centers employ a total3 work centers employ a total••3 work centers employ a total 3 work centers employ a total of 29 people.of 29 people.

••All are remotely dispatched All are remotely dispatched from Manchesterfrom Manchesterfrom Manchesterfrom Manchester

33

PSNH HYDRO CONSTRUCTION DATES & CAPACITIESPSNH HYDRO CONSTRUCTION DATES & CAPACITIES

AMOSKEAG G-1 1924 6.5G-2 1922 5 5

Const Date

Cap MW

G-2 1922 5.5G-3 1922 5.5

AYERS G-1 1924 3.02 Constructed by Utilities Power Co. in 1924, purchased by PSNH in 1928 and redeveloped in 1931G-2 1924 3.02G-3 1924 3.04

EASTMAN G-1 1901 1.87 Constructed by B&M Railroad in 1901 and redeveloped by PSNH in 1983G-2 1983 4.6

GARVINS G-1 1981 3.3 Constructed by Manchester Traction & Light in 1901 and 1925 and refurbished in 1981G-2 1981 3.3G-3 1925 2.5G-4 1925 3.3

JACKMAN G-1 1926 3.5

HOOKSETT G-1 1927 1 6HOOKSETT G-1 1927 1.6

GORHAM G-1 1917 0.4 Site was purchased by PSNH in 1943G-2 1917 0.4G-3 1923 0.65G-4 1923 0.6

44

SMITH G-1 1948 17.6 New more efficient runner installed 2006

CANAAN G-1 1927 1.1

H d l tH d l tHydropower plants Hydropower plants harness water's harness water's potential energy potential energy

and use gravity to and use gravity to g yg yconvert that convert that

potential energy potential energy into kinetic energy into kinetic energy

and then intoand then intoand then into and then into electricity. electricity.

When there is a When there is a difference in heightdifference in heightdifference in height difference in height

between the between the reservoir and the reservoir and the

turbine, water turbine, water flowing through the flowing through the

dam turns the dam turns the turbine, which turns turbine, which turns a generator makinga generator making

55

a generator, making a generator, making electricity. electricity.

Site performance and climateSite performance and climateppPSNH Monthly Hydro Generation 2007

40,000

45,000

Average Capacity Factor

JACKMAN

SMITH

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

MW

-Hr

CANAAN

EASTMAN FALLS

GARVINS

GORHAM

HOOKSETT

JACKMAN

0

5,000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Month

Long Term Ave Generation 2007 Generation

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

AMOSKEAG

AYERS ISLAND

Average Hydro Energy Contribution by Site

30.0%

35.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

66

0.0%

5.0%

AMOSKEAG AYERSISLAND

CANAAN EASTMANFALLS

GARVINS GORHAM HOOKSETT JACKMAN SMITH

“Stakeholders”“Stakeholders”StakeholdersStakeholders• FERC – the principal licensing

agencyagency• US Fish and Wildlife• State Dam Safety Bureau• NH Fish & Game• NHDESNHDES• State Historic Preservation

Office• Town Wetland, Zoning, etc.• Neighborsg• Media• Competing electrical

generators• Various non-governmental

i ti (NGO’ )organizations (NGO’s)– Fishing groups– Audubon & Wildlife Societies– Boating groups Many agencies, groups and people Many agencies, groups and people

h bi i h t dh bi i h t d

About 20 interested parties took part in a scoping session at our 1.1 MW Unit up in West Stewardstown for its relicensing

77

have a big say in what we dohave a big say in what we do

Hydro Pros & ConsHydro Pros & Cons•• Pros Pros ––

–– Renewable, Reusable Renewable, Reusable & Zero Emission& Zero Emission& Zero Emission& Zero Emission

–– Proven & ReliableProven & Reliable–– No fuel bills!No fuel bills!–– Offers recreational Offers recreational

sitessites•• ConsCons•• Cons Cons ––

–– Expensive to buildExpensive to build–– Impacts fish and riverImpacts fish and riverImpacts fish and river Impacts fish and river

habitathabitat–– Depends on rainfallDepends on rainfall

Takes a lot of primeTakes a lot of prime

88

–– Takes a lot of prime Takes a lot of prime landland

Recent ProjectsRecent Projects Smith RunnerSmith RunnerRecent Projects Recent Projects –– Smith RunnerSmith RunnerReplaced after 48 years of service.

8% more energy annually.

Shorter annual inspections.

The incrementalThe incremental energy eligible for a Federal Production Tax C ditCredit

Considered Class__ Renewable in New

99

Renewable in New Hampshire.

Recent ProjectsRecent Projects –– Jackman PenstockJackman PenstockRecent Projects Recent Projects Jackman PenstockJackman Penstock

1010

Current Project Current Project –– Amoskeag Amoskeag

400 ft of an Obermeyer400 ft of an Obermeyer

jj gg“rubber dam”“rubber dam”

400 ft of an Obermeyer 400 ft of an Obermeyer system flashboards are system flashboards are

being installed at being installed at Amoskeag this summer.Amoskeag this summer.gg

1111

Some old picturesSome old picturesSome old pictures…..Some old pictures…..

1212

Other ResourcesOther Resources•• PSNH's Hydro sites:PSNH's Hydro sites:•• PSNH s Hydro sites: PSNH s Hydro sites:

http://www.psnh.com/AboutPSNH/CompanyProfile/Hydro_electric.asphttp://www.psnh.com/AboutPSNH/CompanyProfile/Hydro_electric.asp

•• How hydro power works: http://people.howstuffworks.com/hydropowerHow hydro power works: http://people.howstuffworks.com/hydropower--plant.htmplant.htm

•• PSNH's woodburning power plant: PSNH's woodburning power plant: http://www.psnh.com/Energy/EnergyProject/NWPP/NWPPdefault.asphttp://www.psnh.com/Energy/EnergyProject/NWPP/NWPPdefault.asp

•• fuel diversity: http://www.psnh.com/Energy/EnergyOutlook/fueldiversity.aspfuel diversity: http://www.psnh.com/Energy/EnergyOutlook/fueldiversity.asp

•• PSNH Fossil plants: PSNH Fossil plants: http://www.psnh.com/AboutPSNH/CompanyProfile/fossil_fuel_plants.asphttp://www.psnh.com/AboutPSNH/CompanyProfile/fossil_fuel_plants.asp

Mi bi id h // b k / h/ bi dfMi bi id h // b k / h/ bi df•• Misc water turbine ideas: http://www.absak.com/tech/turbines.pdfMisc water turbine ideas: http://www.absak.com/tech/turbines.pdf

•• Some other Links: Some other Links: http://www.psnh.com/Energy/EnergyOutlook/coollinks.asphttp://www.psnh.com/Energy/EnergyOutlook/coollinks.asp

N H hi Cli tN H hi Cli t•• New Hampshire Climate: New Hampshire Climate: data:http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/cag3/nh.htmldata:http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/cag3/nh.html

•• Jackman Penstock replacement effort: Jackman Penstock replacement effort: New Penstock For Old Hydro Plant New Penstock For Old Hydro Plant -- 1/28/2008 1/28/2008 -- New England ConstructionNew England Construction

1313

New England ConstructionNew England Constructionhttp://www.acppubs.com/article/CA6522829.html?q=penstockhttp://www.acppubs.com/article/CA6522829.html?q=penstock

•• Obermeyer flash board system: Obermeyer flash board system: http://www.obermeyerhydro.com/photos.htmhttp://www.obermeyerhydro.com/photos.htm

QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?

1414

GARVINS FALLS – 12.4 MW

1515

AYERS ISLAND – 9 MW

1616

EASTMAN FALLS – 6.5 MW

1717

Hooksett Hydro – 1.6 MW

1818

SMITH HYDRO – 17.6 MW

1919

CANAAN – 1.1 MW

2020

GORHAM – 2 MW

2121

AMOSKEAG – 17.5 MW

2222

JACKMAN – 3.5 MW

2323

PSNH Service Area: Key FactsPSNH Service Area: Key Facts

• 5,445 square miles

• 211 New Hampshire communities

• More than 480,000 customers

• 8,041,000 megawatt hours in annual sales

• 1,234 employees

• 1,000 miles of transmission and about 12 000 miles of distribution lines12,000 miles of distribution lines

2424

Some Other Hydro TermsSome Other Hydro TermsSome Other Hydro TermsSome Other Hydro Terms•• 1 Cubic Feet per Second (1 Cubic Feet per Second (CFSCFS): the flow of water equal ): the flow of water equal

to 448.8 gallons per minuteto 448.8 gallons per minute•• FERCFERC: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission : Federal Energy Regulatory Commission –– issues issues

federal licenses to dam owners listing all conditionsfederal licenses to dam owners listing all conditions•• Fish Ladder:Fish Ladder: devices over which water spills down fromdevices over which water spills down fromFish Ladder: Fish Ladder: devices over which water spills down from devices over which water spills down from

the dam to river in stages, allowing fish to swim the dam to river in stages, allowing fish to swim upstream over a damupstream over a dam

•• Fish PassageFish Passage: rules prescribing methods required to: rules prescribing methods required toFish PassageFish Passage: rules prescribing methods required to : rules prescribing methods required to allow fish to move upstream and downstream according allow fish to move upstream and downstream according to their spawning behaviorto their spawning behavior

•• Head:Head: the height of the water, in feet, from the top ofthe height of the water, in feet, from the top ofHead:Head: the height of the water, in feet, from the top of the height of the water, in feet, from the top of the reservoir to the turbine. This is a measure of the the reservoir to the turbine. This is a measure of the potential energy available for generationpotential energy available for generation

•• 11 megawattmegawatt (MW) = 1 million watts or 1 000 kilowatts(MW) = 1 million watts or 1 000 kilowatts

2525

1 1 megawattmegawatt (MW) 1 million watts, or 1,000 kilowatts(MW) 1 million watts, or 1,000 kilowatts

F a c t S h e e t National Hydropower Association O ne Massachusetts Ave., NW Suite 850 W ashington, DC 20001 PH: (202) 682-1700 FX: (202) 682-9478

w w w . h y d r o . o r g

February 14, 2006

H ydropow er

Hydropower is a dom estic source of c lean, renewable, reliable, and affordable electric ity. No other energy source offers so m any advantagesadvantages. Clean - Hydropower uses water to generate electric ity. It is clim ate-friendly and does not produce air pollution or create any toxic by-products. Renew able - Like wind, solar, and geotherm al, hydropower’s “fuel” is essentia lly infin ite and is not depleted during the production of e lectric ity. Hydropower facilities sim ply harness the natural energy of flowing and fa lling water to generate electric ity.

Dom estic and Secure - W ater from our rivers is a dom estic resource that is not subject to disruptions from foreign suppliers, cost fluctuations, and transportation issues. Reliable – Hydropower can go from zero power to m axim um output rapidly and predictably. This m akes hydropower exceptionally good at m eeting changing dem ands for electricity and providing ancillary electrical services that m aintain the balance between supply and dem andbetween supply and dem and. Efficient - Today's hydropower turbines are capable of converting m ore than 90 percent of available energy into electricity, which is m ore effic ient than any other form of generation (the best fossil fuel power plant is only about 50 percent effic ient). Flexible - Hydropower has the unique ability to change output quickly. Its unique voltage control, load-follow ing, and peaking capabilities are critical for e lectric grid stability This ability also provides an effic ient and cost effective way to support the usestability. This ability a lso provides an effic ient and cost-effective way to support the use of interm ittent renewable sources of power such as wind and solar energy. Popular - Nationally, 93 percent of individuals believe hydropower is im portant or very im portant for m eeting future electric ity needs.1 Non-pow er benefits - Hydropower projects do m ore than just produce electric ity; they create wild life conservation lands, provide stable habitat for m any k inds of w ild life,

2626

, p y ,support healthy fisheries, provide water supply, control floods, irrigate land for food production, and create recreational opportunities for m illions of Am ericans.

# # #

1 2002 public op in ion po ll by B isconti R esearch Inc.