PSerc Seminar PSERC · PDF fileSWITCHYARD INTERFACE DATA SENSING & ... yAuxiliary transformers yMode of sampling ... PSerc Seminar_Kezunovic_Nov 18_08.ppt Author:

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PSerc Seminar

INTEGRATION OF OPERATIONAL AND NON-OPERATIONAL DATA FOR

IMPROVED EMS MONITORING

Mladen KezunovicTexas A&M University

November 18, 2008

©2008 Mladen Kezunovic, All Rights Reserved

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OUTLINE

IntroductionSystem ViewSubstation ProcessingEMS Uses: FL ExampleQ/A


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INTRODUCTION

What is operational and non-operational data?Why integration?When it makes sense?How it is done?


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WHAT IS OPERATIONAL AND NON-OPERATIONAL DATA?


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WHY INTEGRATION?Redundant measurements

Transmission LineCurrent

Transformer

Bus

Contact “A”

Contact“B” Capacitive

VoltageTransformer

)

CurrentVoltage

((

CBM

DPR

DFR

CB


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WHY INTEGRATION?Improved capturing of events

Operational data Non-operational data


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WHEN IT MAKES SENSE?

When redundancy matters:- bad measurements- inconsistent measurement- communication failures When capturing dynamic signals matters:- faults (transients)- evolving dynamics (phasors)- fast equipment switching


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HOW IT IS DONE?


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OUTLINE



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SYSTEM VIEW: Flow of data and computations


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SYSTEM VIEW: Inputs

Applications Input Information Outputs

Intelligent Alarm Processor

(IAP)

Circuit Breaker control circuit signals1. Timestamp;2. Analysis result;3. Suggested actions;4. Additional information

SCADA measurements

Phasors (or synchrophasors)

Alarm signals

Optimized Fault Location

(OFL)

IED samples of voltage and current 1. Estimated fault section

2. Fault location within the estimated section;3. Fault type

Synchrophasors

SCADA data

Other applications(e.g. cascading analysis, optimized maintenance)

Phasors or synchrophasors 1.Cascade detection2. Cascade classification3. Equipment failure rate4. Optimized maintenance shedule

IED samples of voltage and current

SCADA data


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SYSTEM VIEW: Processing


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SYSTEM VIEW: Users

Reports can be customized according to the need of a particular category of users and disseminated via fax, e-mail, website, pager, etc.


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OUTLINE



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SUBSTATION PROCESSING

Switchyard InterfaceIED ProcessingData Integration


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SWITCHYARD INTERFACE

DATA SENSING & ACCURACY



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DATA SENSING: Sources of Data

Measurement devices (sensors):TransducerRelaying transformerMetering transformerElectronic (optical) transformerControl circuit transformers


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DATA SENSING: Location of System Measurements


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Control Center HMI

Protect-ion A

RTU

Conventional Switchgear

ConventionalCT / VT's

Protect-ion B

Protect-ion A

Conventional Switchgear

Protect-ion B

ConventionalCT / VT's

Interlocking logic

Cu wires

Cu wires

DATA SENSING: Location of Substation Measurements


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ACCURACY OF SENSORS

Accuracy classes and standard burdens for metering and relaying transformers from

IEEE Standard C57.13 on Requirements for Instrument TransformersIEC Standard 60044 on Instrument Transformers

60044-1 : Part 1: Current Transformers60044-2 : Part 2: Inductive Voltage Transformers60044-5 : Part 5: Capacitor Voltage Transformers


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IED PROCESSING

DATA ACQUISITION & TIMING



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DATA ACQUISITION: Sources of Data

Intelligent Electronic DevicesSubstation remote terminal unit (RTU)Phasor measurement unit (PMU)Other IEDs

Digital protective relay (DPR)Digital fault recorder (DFR)Power quality meter (PQM)Sequence of event recorder (SER)Fault locator (FL)Circuit breaker monitor (CBM)


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DATA ACQUISITION: Internal Processing of IEDs


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DATA ACQUISITION:Accuracy

Impact on accuracy

Auxiliary transformersMode of samplingAnti-aliasing filterSampling rateResolution of A/D conversion


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DATA ACQUISITION: Timing of Data Sampling


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DATA ACQUISITION: Time Stamping


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SUBSTATION

DATA INTEGRATION &INFORMATION EXTRACTION



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DATA INTEGRATION:Substation Database

Static system data containing description of the system components and their connectionsData from IEDs and RTUs (operational and non-operational data)Substation interpretation data to correlate recording device channels and static system model


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DATA INTEGRATION:Standards

Types of standards

Data Acquisition (IEC 61850-9.2)Data Format (COMTRADE, Synchrophasor, PQDIF, Naming Convention)Data Communications (IEC61850, DNP)Data Modeling (IEC61970, IEC 61968)


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INFORMATION EXTRACTION:System Architecture


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DATA EXTRACTION:IED GPS Synchronization


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OUTLINE



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EMS USES:FAULT LOCATION EXAMPLE

RequirementsTraditional Data HandlingAutomated Data HandlingVisualization


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REQUIREMENTS: Detect Occurrence and Confirm Clearing


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REQUIREMENTS: Verify Equipment Operation


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REQUIREMENTS: Determine type of fault (temporary)


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REQUIREMENTS:Determine Type of Fault (Permanent)

Automatic fault clearing makes decision to disconnect faulted part of the power system without any more attempts to automatically recover

disconnected part LOCKOUTDisconnected part must be returned to working state MANUALLY


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TRADITIONAL DATA HANDLING:The Role of Personnel

Operator tracks system 24/7; coordinates other groups as needed.

Output: Event report

Protection Group analyses events 8am-5pm; identifies fault location and equipment misoperation.

Output: Comprehensive analysis report

Maintenance responds to calls 24/7; inspects and repairs equipment as needed.

Output: Repair report from field visits


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TRADITIONAL DATA HANDLING:Action For Permanent Fault


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AUTOMATED DATA HANDLING:Improved Timeline

24©2008 Mladen Kezunovic, All Rights Reserved

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AUTOMATED DATA HANDLING: Data Requirements

Field data : Event data recorded by different IEDsafter occurrence of any abnormality

System level data : Historical SCADA DataPower system model data Satellite Data


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AUTOMATED DATA HANDLING:Preparation of measurements

Extraction of phasorsSynchronization of phasorsRetrieval of the Power Grid Switching Status


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AUTOMATED DATA HANDLING:System Architecture


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AUTOMATED DATA HANDLING: Fault Location Module


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AUTOMATE DATA HANDLING:DFR Assistant™

Fault reportDFR ©2008 Mladen Kezunovic, All Rights Reserved

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VISUALIZATION


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VISUALIZATION: Modules


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VISUALIZATION:Traditional View


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VISUALIZATION:VID Spreadshit


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VISUALIZATION:2D SATELLITE IMAGE


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VISUALIZATION: 3D View


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VISUALIZATION:TOWER VIEW


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VISUALIZATION: CB CONSTRUCTIONAL VIEW


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VISUALIZATION: CB OPERATIONAL VIEW


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CONCLUSION

Data Handling is Automated:Data CollectionData Processing Data IntegrationData Extraction

Performance is Improved:Understanding of Events is EnhancedReaction Time is Reduced Decision Making is Facilitated


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Questions?

Documents

PSerc Seminar PSERC · PDF fileSWITCHYARD INTERFACE DATA SENSING & ... yAuxiliary transformers yMode of sampling ... PSerc Seminar_Kezunovic_Nov 18_08.ppt Author: