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Pruning Landscape Trees, Pruning Landscape Trees, Shrubs, and PalmsShrubs, and Palms
Linda SealsLinda Seals
agente de extensión agricolaagente de extensión agricola
el condado de Brevard, Floridael condado de Brevard, Florida
What will we learn?What will we learn?
Importance of proper pruningImportance of proper pruning Basic plant biologyBasic plant biology Types of pruning cutsTypes of pruning cuts Different methods of pruning trees Different methods of pruning trees
and shrubsand shrubs How palms should (or should not) be How palms should (or should not) be
prunedpruned How and why you should sanitize How and why you should sanitize
pruning toolspruning tools
What is pruning?What is pruning?
Pruning is the act of removing any part of a
plant
Mowing is pruning!
The Golden Rule of PruningThe Golden Rule of Pruning
Even when mowing turfgrass!Even when mowing turfgrass!
Never remove more than 1/3 of a Never remove more than 1/3 of a plant at one time!plant at one time!
Exception: rejuvenation pruningException: rejuvenation pruning
What’s the big deal?What’s the big deal?
International Society of Arborists estimates that 90% of the problems encountered are not caused by living agents (pests or pathogens) but result from: Environmental stresses Mechanical injuries Wrong plant, wrong place
What makes it all work?What makes it all work?
Apical Dominance!
Apical Dominance is…Apical Dominance is…
Inhibition of the Inhibition of the growth of lateral growth of lateral buds by the buds by the terminal bud of a terminal bud of a plant shootplant shoot
The parts of apical dominance: The parts of apical dominance: hormones and terminal buds hormones and terminal buds
Auxins are plant hormonesAuxins are plant hormones They do lots of things such as help They do lots of things such as help
seeds develop, form leaves, help fruits seeds develop, form leaves, help fruits develop, encourage roots to grow, help develop, encourage roots to grow, help leaves fall off in autumn, tell roots and leaves fall off in autumn, tell roots and stems which direction grow, help cells to stems which direction grow, help cells to grow, and…grow, and…
drive Apical Dominance!
Where are auxins found?Where are auxins found?
Auxins are Auxins are concentrated and concentrated and manufactured in manufactured in the last terminal the last terminal bud on stem or bud on stem or limblimb
Apex or terminal bud
Auxin inhibits lateral bud break
Auxin moves
downward
Auxin inhibits lateral shoot growth
Auxin increases crotch angle size
Apical DominanceApical Dominance
Auxins are manufactured in the Auxins are manufactured in the terminal budterminal bud
Remove the terminal bud, remove Remove the terminal bud, remove the hormonethe hormone
If the hormone INHIBITS bud break, If the hormone INHIBITS bud break, what happens if you remove it?what happens if you remove it?
Remove the last terminal buds
The order of bud break may The order of bud break may depend on the leaf arrangementdepend on the leaf arrangement
Alternate
Opposite
Whorled
Alternate Arrangement Opposite Arrangement
The 3 Steps to PruningThe 3 Steps to Pruning
1.1. Remove dead, diseased plant Remove dead, diseased plant materialmaterial
2.2. Remove malformed branches, limbs:Remove malformed branches, limbs:a.a. Narrow crotch anglesNarrow crotch angles
b.b. CrossoversCrossovers
c.c. Rubbing limbs or branchesRubbing limbs or branches
3.3. Objective pruning (pruning Objective pruning (pruning techniques)techniques)
Step 1: Remove dead and Step 1: Remove dead and diseased Limbsdiseased Limbs
Dead and diseased limbs should be removed immediately whenever possible. This task can be conducted year round regardless of the growing season.
Step 2: remove narrow crotch Step 2: remove narrow crotch anglesangles