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Kingdom Protista / Protoctista“Protists”
Presenters:Dayna BignalHortense Hassan
Protists• Protists are a very large, diverse group of
organisms, including the plant-like protists (algae), fungi-like protists, and the animal-like protists (protozoans).
• Animal-like Protists – also called protozoa (means “first animal”) – heterotrophsPlant-like Protists – also called algae – autotrophsFungus-like Protists – heterotrophs, decomposers, external digestion
DefinitionProtists are eukaryotic organisms that aren’t plants, animals or fungi, which mainly live in water.
Differences between plant-like and animal-like protists
Plant-like Animal-likecan photosynthesise Do notmaybe unicellular or *multicellular
unicellular
Feed on the sun Must feed on other living organisms
*The multicellular types have no real roots, stems, or leaves, just a simple body called a thallus
Characteristics of Protists
• mostly unicellular, some are multicellular (algae)
• can be heterotrophic or autotrophic• most live in water (though some live in
moist soil or even the human body)• ALL are eukaryotic (have a nucleus)• No tissue
Protists “phylogeny”
• Biological junk drawer
Classification of Protists
• how they obtain nutrition• how they move
Locomotion• Cilia - Microscopic hair like projections
extending from the surface of a cell or unicellular organism. Capable of rhythmical motion, they act in unison to bring about the movement of the cell or of the surrounding medium
Paramecium
• Flagella - A long, threadlike appendage, especially a whip like extension of certain cells or unicellular organisms, found singly or in pairs.
Euglena
Locomotion
• Pseudopodia - A temporary projection of the cytoplasm of certain cells, such as phagocytes, or of certain unicellular organisms, especially amoebas.
Amoeba
Locomotion
Metabolism • There are two major groups; Phototrophic OrganotrophicMake their own food; Does not make theirgenerally from the sun own food; eat food to
get energy
Kelp
Euglena
Dinoflagellate
plasmodium
Amoeba
Reproduction • Asexual• Sexual• Both
Paramecium splitting in half
Slime mold (about 13 different genders)
Diversity•
Paramecium – cilia around the outside
Volvox- Large colony of cells with a smallercolony inside it
kelp
Diatoms – converting silicon into glass at low temperature