Protected Cultivation Design and Layout

Dr. Volker Kleinhenz

Foundation

30 Nethouses 3990 m2/structure 29.6 A total

1 Glasshouse 3067 m2 (0.8 A)

11 Polyhouses 4130 m2/structure 11.2 A total Cooling system

7 Mat-cooled 4 Ventilated

Production type 9 Production 2 Nursery

Internal design

Nethouse Soil cultivation Drip fertigation Overhead fogging (cooling)

system

Internal Design Access by labor & tractor

Two entrances (doors) 2-m workway at doors

1.17-m distance Governed by structure 57 Cultivation beds 1.17-m distances

Dolly Workway

Door

Internal design

Glass- and Polyhouses Soilless cultivation Computerized (pulse) fertigation Mat-cooling and overhead-fogging system

Internal Design Resource-use maximization

Maximum space utilization Horizontally

One entrance only One 3-m walkway near door only Plant density

Vertically Indeterminate crops

Maximum time utilization Life-cycle (indeterminate crops)

Dolly

Workway Door

Internal design – High-wire system

Overview

Indeterminate crops Main work processes

Lining (tying) up Removal of side shoots

At least weekly intervals Layering

Bi-weekly intervals Leaf clipping

Bi-weekly intervals Up to bottom-most truss

Harvesting Daily

Internal design – High-wire system

Overseas

Internal design – High-wire system

FieldFresh ACE

Internal design – High-wire system

FieldFresh ACE

Plant density

29 double-rows @ 1.6-m distance 3.8 plants/m2 (e.g. Germany: 2.6 plants/m2) 15660 plants/polyhouse

Indeterminate crops Tomato, capsicum, (cucumber, cucurbits)

Cultivation period Continuously for ca. 11 months (Jun-Apr)

Production period Continuously for ca. 10 months (Jul-Apr)

1.60 m

Equipment

Foundation & drainage recycling system

EurepGAP requirement “Mapal” troughs “Plastro”

Equipment

Cultivation media & plant support system

Cocopeat growbags Twine Bobbins

Nethouses – Construction & Production

Nethouses - Production

Expected yield: 8 t/A (open field w/o drip-fertigation/spring season: 4 t/A)

Greenhouses - Procurement

Greenhouses - Construction

Greenhouses – Production

Crops Cherry tomato

≥ 2.0 kg/m2×month = 200 kg/GH×day Colored capsicums

≥ 1.3 kg/m2×month = 130 kg/GH×day

Greenhouses – Major crops

Tomato Cherry tomato

20-25 g fruit weight Round shape High Brix Truss or individual harvest One branch/truss

Cocktail tomato 30-55 g fruit weight

Beef(-steak) tomato 200-250 g fruit weight

Capsicum Type

Conical Blocky

Multiple colors Fruit size

30-70 g Pungency

Mild-pronounced

Alternative crops

Alternative crops Greenhouses

Cucumbers Melons

Nethouses (off-season) Okra

as per business plan Jun–Dec

French beans Jan–Mar

Melons Nov–May

Brinjal Rainy season (safe from borer)

Zucchini Feb–Apr