Prostate Prostate Cryoablation Cryoablation

OutcomesOutcomesData ReviewData Review

ReferencesReferencesKupelian PA, Thakkar VV, Khuntia D, Reddy CA, Klein EA, Mahadevan A.Hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction) for localized prostate cancer: long-term outcomes.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Dec 1;63(5):1463-Kupelian PA, Thakkar VV, Khuntia D, Reddy CA, Klein EA, Mahadevan A.Hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction) for localized prostate cancer: long-term outcomes.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Dec 1;63(5):1463-8.Zelefsky MJ, Fuks Z, Hunt M, Lee HJ, Lombardi D, Ling CC, Reuter VE, Venkatraman ES, Leibel SA.High dose radiation delivered by intensity modulated conformal radiotherapy improves the outcome of localized prostate cancer.J Urol. 2001 Sep;166(3):876-8.Zelefsky MJ, Fuks Z, Hunt M, Lee HJ, Lombardi D, Ling CC, Reuter VE, Venkatraman ES, Leibel SA.High dose radiation delivered by intensity modulated conformal radiotherapy improves the outcome of localized prostate cancer.J Urol. 2001 Sep;166(3):876-81. Erratum in: J Urol 2001 Nov;166(5):1839.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year 81. Erratum in: J Urol 2001 Nov;166(5):1839.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Long JP, Bahn D, Lee F, Shinohara K, Chinn DO, Macaluso JN Jr. Five-year intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Long JP, Bahn D, Lee F, Shinohara K, Chinn DO, Macaluso JN Jr. Five-year retrospective, multi-institutional pooled analysis of cancer-related outcomes after cryosurgical ablation of the prostate. Urology. 2001 Mar;57(3):518-23.Bahn DK, Lee F, Badalament R, Kumar A, Greski J, Chernick M. Targeted cryoablation of the prostate: 7-retrospective, multi-institutional pooled analysis of cancer-related outcomes after cryosurgical ablation of the prostate. Urology. 2001 Mar;57(3):518-23.Bahn DK, Lee F, Badalament R, Kumar A, Greski J, Chernick M. Targeted cryoablation of the prostate: 7-year outcomes in the primary treatment of prostate cancer. Urology. 2002 Aug;60(2 Suppl 1):3-11.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in patients year outcomes in the primary treatment of prostate cancer. Urology. 2002 Aug;60(2 Suppl 1):3-11.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Kwok Y, DiBiase SJ, Amin PP, deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Kwok Y, DiBiase SJ, Amin PP, Naslund M, Sklar G, Jacobs SC.Risk group stratification in patients undergoing permanent (125)I prostate brachytherapy as monotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Jul 1;53(3):588-94.Merrick GS, Butler WM, Galbreath RW, Lief JH.Five-year Naslund M, Sklar G, Jacobs SC.Risk group stratification in patients undergoing permanent (125)I prostate brachytherapy as monotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Jul 1;53(3):588-94.Merrick GS, Butler WM, Galbreath RW, Lief JH.Five-year biochemical outcome following permanent interstitial brachytherapy for clinical T1-T3 prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001 Sep 1;51(1):41-8.Peschel RE, Colberg JW, Chen Z, Nath R, Wilson LD.Iodine 125 versus palladium 103 implants for biochemical outcome following permanent interstitial brachytherapy for clinical T1-T3 prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001 Sep 1;51(1):41-8.Peschel RE, Colberg JW, Chen Z, Nath R, Wilson LD.Iodine 125 versus palladium 103 implants for prostate cancer: clinical outcomes and complications. Cancer J. 2004 May-Jun;10(3):170-4.Stone NN, Stock RG, Unger P. Intermediate term biochemical-free progression and local control following 125iodine brachytherapy for prostate cancer. J Urol. 2005 prostate cancer: clinical outcomes and complications. Cancer J. 2004 May-Jun;10(3):170-4.Stone NN, Stock RG, Unger P. Intermediate term biochemical-free progression and local control following 125iodine brachytherapy for prostate cancer. J Urol. 2005 Mar;173(3):803-7.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Stokes SH. Mar;173(3):803-7.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Kupelian P, Kuban D, Thames H, Levy L, Horwitz E, Martinez A, Michalski J, Pisansky T, Sandler H, Shipley W, Zelefsky M, Zietman A.Improved biochemical radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Kupelian P, Kuban D, Thames H, Levy L, Horwitz E, Martinez A, Michalski J, Pisansky T, Sandler H, Shipley W, Zelefsky M, Zietman A.Improved biochemical relapse-free survival with increased external radiation doses in patients with localized prostate cancer: the combined experience of nine institutions in patients treated in 1994 and 1995. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Feb 1;61(2):415-9.Livsey JE, Cowan relapse-free survival with increased external radiation doses in patients with localized prostate cancer: the combined experience of nine institutions in patients treated in 1994 and 1995. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Feb 1;61(2):415-9.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Galalae RM, Martinez A, Mate T, Mitchell C, RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Galalae RM, Martinez A, Mate T, Mitchell C, Edmundson G, Nuernberg N, Eulau S, Gustafson G, Gribble M, Kovacs G.Long-term outcome by risk factors using conformal high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost with or without neoadjuvant androgen suppression for localized prostate cancer. Int J Edmundson G, Nuernberg N, Eulau S, Gustafson G, Gribble M, Kovacs G.Long-term outcome by risk factors using conformal high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost with or without neoadjuvant androgen suppression for localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Mar 15;58(4):1048-55. Kupelian PA, Thakkar VV, Khuntia D, Reddy CA, Klein EA, Mahadevan A.Hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction) for localized prostate cancer: long-term Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Mar 15;58(4):1048-55. Kupelian PA, Thakkar VV, Khuntia D, Reddy CA, Klein EA, Mahadevan A.Hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction) for localized prostate cancer: long-term outcomes.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Dec 1;63(5):1463-8.Zelefsky MJ, Fuks Z, Hunt M, Lee HJ, Lombardi D, Ling CC, Reuter VE, Venkatraman ES, Leibel SA.High dose radiation delivered by intensity modulated conformal radiotherapy improves the outcomes.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Dec 1;63(5):1463-8.Zelefsky MJ, Fuks Z, Hunt M, Lee HJ, Lombardi D, Ling CC, Reuter VE, Venkatraman ES, Leibel SA.High dose radiation delivered by intensity modulated conformal radiotherapy improves the outcome of localized prostate cancer.J Urol. 2001 Sep;166(3):876-81. Erratum in: J Urol 2001 Nov;166(5):1839.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy outcome of localized prostate cancer.J Urol. 2001 Sep;166(3):876-81. Erratum in: J Urol 2001 Nov;166(5):1839.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Long JP, Bahn D, androgen deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Long JP, Bahn D, Lee F, Shinohara K, Chinn DO, Macaluso JN Jr. Five-year retrospective, multi-institutional pooled analysis of cancer-related outcomes after cryosurgical ablation of the prostate. Urology. 2001 Mar;57(3):518-23.Bahn DK, Lee F, Badalament R, Kumar A, Greski Lee F, Shinohara K, Chinn DO, Macaluso JN Jr. Five-year retrospective, multi-institutional pooled analysis of cancer-related outcomes after cryosurgical ablation of the prostate. Urology. 2001 Mar;57(3):518-23.Bahn DK, Lee F, Badalament R, Kumar A, Greski J, Chernick M. Targeted cryoablation of the prostate: 7-year outcomes in the primary treatment of prostate cancer. Urology. 2002 Aug;60(2 Suppl 1):3-11.Donnelly BJ, Saliken JC, Ernst DS, Ali-Ridha N, Brasher PM, Robinson JW, Rewcastle JC. Prospective J, Chernick M. Targeted cryoablation of the prostate: 7-year outcomes in the primary treatment of prostate cancer. Urology. 2002 Aug;60(2 Suppl 1):3-11.Donnelly BJ, Saliken JC, Ernst DS, Ali-Ridha N, Brasher PM, Robinson JW, Rewcastle JC. Prospective trial of cryosurgical ablation of the prostate: five-year results. Urology. 2002 Oct;60(4):645-9.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in patients with trial of cryosurgical ablation of the prostate: five-year results. Urology. 2002 Oct;60(4):645-9.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Kwok Y, DiBiase SJ, Amin PP, deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Kwok Y, DiBiase SJ, Amin PP, Naslund M, Sklar G, Jacobs SC.Risk group stratification in patients undergoing permanent (125)I prostate brachytherapy as monotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Jul 1;53(3):588-94.Merrick GS, Butler WM, Galbreath RW, Lief JH.Five-year Naslund M, Sklar G, Jacobs SC.Risk group stratification in patients undergoing permanent (125)I prostate brachytherapy as monotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Jul 1;53(3):588-94.Merrick GS, Butler WM, Galbreath RW, Lief JH.Five-year biochemical outcome following permanent interstitial brachytherapy for clinical T1-T3 prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001 Sep 1;51(1):41-8.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal biochemical outcome following permanent interstitial brachytherapy for clinical T1-T3 prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001 Sep 1;51(1):41-8.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Ciezki JP, Klein EA, Angermeier K, Ulchaker J, Chehade N, Altman A, Mahadevan A, Reddy CA.A retrospective comparison of androgen deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Kupelian P, Kuban D, Thames deprivation (AD) vs. no AD among low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Dec 1;60(5):1347-50.Kupelian P, Kuban D, Thames H, Levy L, Horwitz E, Martinez A, Michalski J, Pisansky T, Sandler H, Shipley W, Zelefsky M, Zietman A.Improved biochemical relapse-free survival with increased external radiation doses in patients with localized prostate cancer: the combined experience of H, Levy L, Horwitz E, Martinez A, Michalski J, Pisansky T, Sandler H, Shipley W, Zelefsky M, Zietman A.Improved biochemical relapse-free survival with increased external radiation doses in patients with localized prostate cancer: the combined experience of nine institutions in patients treated in 1994 and 1995. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Feb 1;61(2):415-9.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year nine institutions in patients treated in 1994 and 1995. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Feb 1;61(2):415-9.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Ellis RJ, Vertocnik A, Sodee B, Zhou H, Kim E, Young B, Fu P, Colussi V, Spirnak JP, Dinchman KH, Resnick MI.Combination conformal radiotherapy and radioimmunoguided outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Ellis RJ, Vertocnik A, Sodee B, Zhou H, Kim E, Young B, Fu P, Colussi V, Spirnak JP, Dinchman KH, Resnick MI.Combination conformal radiotherapy and radioimmunoguided transperineal 103Pd implantation for patients with intermediate and unfavorable risk prostate adenocarcinoma. Brachytherapy. 2003;2(4):215-22.Galalae RM, Martinez A, Mate T, Mitchell C, Edmundson G, Nuernberg N, Eulau S, Gustafson G, Gribble M, transperineal 103Pd implantation for patients with intermediate and unfavorable risk prostate adenocarcinoma. Brachytherapy. 2003;2(4):215-22.Galalae RM, Martinez A, Mate T, Mitchell C, Edmundson G, Nuernberg N, Eulau S, Gustafson G, Gribble M, Kovacs G.Long-term outcome by risk factors using conformal high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost with or without neoadjuvant androgen suppression for localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Mar 15;58(4):1048-55. Kupelian Kovacs G.Long-term outcome by risk factors using conformal high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost with or without neoadjuvant androgen suppression for localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Mar 15;58(4):1048-55. Kupelian PA, Thakkar VV, Khuntia D, Reddy CA, Klein EA, Mahadevan A.Hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction) for localized prostate cancer: long-term outcomes.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Dec 1;63(5):1463-8.Zelefsky PA, Thakkar VV, Khuntia D, Reddy CA, Klein EA, Mahadevan A.Hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction) for localized prostate cancer: long-term outcomes.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Dec 1;63(5):1463-8.Zelefsky MJ, Fuks Z, Hunt M, Lee HJ, Lombardi D, Ling CC, Reuter VE, Venkatraman ES, Leibel SA.High dose radiation delivered by intensity modulated conformal radiotherapy improves the outcome of localized prostate cancer.J Urol. 2001 Sep;166(3):876-81. MJ, Fuks Z, Hunt M, Lee HJ, Lombardi D, Ling CC, Reuter VE, Venkatraman ES, Leibel SA.High dose radiation delivered by intensity modulated conformal radiotherapy improves the outcome of localized prostate cancer.J Urol. 2001 Sep;166(3):876-81. Erratum in: J Urol 2001 Nov;166(5):1839.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year Erratum in: J Urol 2001 Nov;166(5):1839.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Grossfeld GD, Latini DM, Lubeck DP, Mehta SS, Carroll PR. Predicting recurrence after radical prostatectomy for patients with high risk prostate cancer. J Urol. 2003 Jan;169(1):157-radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Grossfeld GD, Latini DM, Lubeck DP, Mehta SS, Carroll PR. Predicting recurrence after radical prostatectomy for patients with high risk prostate cancer. J Urol. 2003 Jan;169(1):157-63.Long JP, Bahn D, Lee F, Shinohara K, Chinn DO, Macaluso JN Jr. Five-year retrospective, multi-institutional pooled analysis of cancer-related outcomes after cryosurgical ablation of the prostate. Urology. 2001 Mar;57(3):518-23.Bahn DK, Lee F, Badalament 63.Long JP, Bahn D, Lee F, Shinohara K, Chinn DO, Macaluso JN Jr. Five-year retrospective, multi-institutional pooled analysis of cancer-related outcomes after cryosurgical ablation of the prostate. Urology. 2001 Mar;57(3):518-23.Bahn DK, Lee F, Badalament R, Kumar A, Greski J, Chernick M. Targeted cryoablation of the prostate: 7-year outcomes in the primary treatment of prostate cancer. Urology. 2002 Aug;60(2 Suppl 1):3-11.Donnelly BJ, Saliken JC, Ernst DS, Ali-Ridha N, Brasher PM, Robinson JW, Rewcastle R, Kumar A, Greski J, Chernick M. Targeted cryoablation of the prostate: 7-year outcomes in the primary treatment of prostate cancer. Urology. 2002 Aug;60(2 Suppl 1):3-11.Donnelly BJ, Saliken JC, Ernst DS, Ali-Ridha N, Brasher PM, Robinson JW, Rewcastle JC. Prospective trial of cryosurgical ablation of the prostate: five-year results. Urology. 2002 Oct;60(4):645-9.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in JC. Prospective trial of cryosurgical ablation of the prostate: five-year results. Urology. 2002 Oct;60(4):645-9.Sharkey J, Cantor A, Solc Z, Huff W, Chovnick SD, Behar RJ, Perez R, Otheguy J, Rabinowitz R. 103Pd brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a 12-year experience from a single group practice. Brachytherapy. 2005;4(1):34-44.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Kwok Y, DiBiase SJ, Amin PP, Naslund M, Sklar G, Jacobs SC.Risk group stratification in patients undergoing permanent (125)I radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Kwok Y, DiBiase SJ, Amin PP, Naslund M, Sklar G, Jacobs SC.Risk group stratification in patients undergoing permanent (125)I prostate brachytherapy as monotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Jul 1;53(3):588-94.Merrick GS, Butler WM, Galbreath RW, Lief JH.Five-year biochemical outcome following permanent interstitial brachytherapy for clinical T1-T3 prostate cancer. Int prostate brachytherapy as monotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Jul 1;53(3):588-94.Merrick GS, Butler WM, Galbreath RW, Lief JH.Five-year biochemical outcome following permanent interstitial brachytherapy for clinical T1-T3 prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001 Sep 1;51(1):41-8.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001 Sep 1;51(1):41-8.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam 1;57(5):1254-9.Stokes SH. Comparison of biochemical disease-free survival of patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy, transperineal ultrasound-guided radioactive seed implantation, or definitive external beam irradiation.Kupelian P, Kuban D, Thames H, Levy L, Horwitz E, Martinez A, Michalski J, Pisansky T, Sandler H, Shipley W, Zelefsky M, Zietman A.Improved biochemical relapse-free survival with increased external radiation doses in patients with localized irradiation.Kupelian P, Kuban D, Thames H, Levy L, Horwitz E, Martinez A, Michalski J, Pisansky T, Sandler H, Shipley W, Zelefsky M, Zietman A.Improved biochemical relapse-free survival with increased external radiation doses in patients with localized prostate cancer: the combined experience of nine institutions in patients treated in 1994 and 1995. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Feb 1;61(2):415-9.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal prostate cancer: the combined experience of nine institutions in patients treated in 1994 and 1995. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Feb 1;61(2):415-9.Livsey JE, Cowan RA, Wylie JP, Swindell R, Read G, Khoo VS, Logue JP.Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Ellis RJ, Vertocnik A, Sodee B, Zhou H, Kim E, Young B, Fu P, Colussi V, Spirnak JP, Dinchman KH, Resnick MI.Combination conformal radiotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: five-year outcome analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Dec 1;57(5):1254-9.Ellis RJ, Vertocnik A, Sodee B, Zhou H, Kim E, Young B, Fu P, Colussi V, Spirnak JP, Dinchman KH, Resnick MI.Combination conformal radiotherapy and radioimmunoguided transperineal 103Pd implantation for patients with intermediate and unfavorable risk prostate adenocarcinoma. Brachytherapy. 2003;2(4):215-22.Stock RG, Cahlon O, Cesaretti JA, Kollmeier MA, Stone NN.Combined radiotherapy and radioimmunoguided transperineal 103Pd implantation for patients with intermediate and unfavorable risk prostate adenocarcinoma. Brachytherapy. 2003;2(4):215-22.Stock RG, Cahlon O, Cesaretti JA, Kollmeier MA, Stone NN.Combined modality treatment in the management of high-risk prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Aug 1;59(5):1352-9.Galalae RM, Martinez A, Mate T, Mitchell C, Edmundson G, Nuernberg N, Eulau S, Gustafson G, Gribble M, Kovacs G.Long-term modality treatment in the management of high-risk prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Aug 1;59(5):1352-9.Galalae RM, Martinez A, Mate T, Mitchell C, Edmundson G, Nuernberg N, Eulau S, Gustafson G, Gribble M, Kovacs G.Long-term outcome by risk factors using conformal high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost with or without neoadjuvant androgen suppression for localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Mar 15;58(4):1048-55.outcome by risk factors using conformal high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost with or without neoadjuvant androgen suppression for localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004 Mar 15;58(4):1048-55.

Primary CryoablationPrimary Cryoablation

Salvage CryoablationSalvage Cryoablation

Focal CryoablationFocal Cryoablation

Outcomes Data ReviewOutcomes Data Review

Primary Primary CryoablationCryoablation

Risk Factors

PSA>10, GG>6, Stage>T2a

Low Risk Patients having no risk factors

Moderate Risk

Patients having one risk factor

High Risk Patients having two or more risk factors

Disease Classification

0

20

40

60

80

100

RadicalProstatectomy

Cryo Brachy Beam RT IMRT

Low-Risk Primary Prostate Cancer All BDFS Results Published (2000-2005)

Bio

chem

ical

Dis

ease

Fre

e R

ate

(%)

Combo

0

20

40

60

80

100

RadicalProstatectomy

Cryo Brachy Beam RT IMRT

Bio

chem

ical

Dis

ease

Fre

e R

ate

(%)

Combo

Moderate-Risk Primary Prostate Cancer All BDFS Results Published (2000-2005)

0

20

40

60

80

100

RadicalProstatectomy

Cryo Brachy Beam RT IMRT

Bio

chem

ical

Dis

ease

Fre

e R

ate

(%)

Combo

High-Risk Primary Prostate Cancer All BDFS Results Published (2000-2005)

1. Steineck et al, N Engl J Med. 2002 Sep 12;347(11):790-6; 2. Walsh et al, J Urol. 2000 Jun;163(6):1802-7; 3. Long et al, Urology. 2001 Mar;57(3):518-23; 4. Donnelly et al, Urology. 2002 Oct;60(4):645-9; 5. Reis et al, Int Urol Nephrol. 2004;36(2):187-90; 6. Feigenberg et al, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Jul 15;62(4):956-64; 7. Matalinska et al, J Clin Oncol. 2001 Mar 15;19(6):1619-28; 8. Potosky et al, J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Oct 4;92(19):1582-92; 9. Zelefsky et

al, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Aug 1;53(5):1111-6; 10. Brabbins et al, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Feb 1;61(2):400-8.

Published Incontinence Rates (2000-2005)

0

10

20

30

40

50

RadicalProstatectomy

Cryo Brachy External Beam RT

IMRT

8%3

1%4

49%1

7%2

10%5

1%6

7%7

4%8

15%9

0%10

Occ

urr

en

ce (

%)

1. Matalinska et al, J Clin Oncol. 2001 Mar 15;19(6):1619-28; 2. Walsh et al, J Urol. 2000 Jun;163(6):1802-7; 3. Bahn et al, Urology. 2002 Aug;60(2 Suppl 1):3-11; 4. Donnelly et al, Urology. 2002 Oct;60(4):645-9; 5. Incrocci et al, Acta Oncol. 2005;44(7):673-8; 6. Incrocci et al, Acta Oncol. 2005;44(7):673-8; 7. Potosky et al, J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Oct 4;92(19):1582-92; 8. Matalinska et al, J Clin Oncol. 2001 Mar 15;19(6):1619-28; 9. Zelefsky et al, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol

Phys. 2002 Aug 1;53(5):1111-6; 10. Brabbins et al, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Feb 1;61(2):400-8.

Published Impotence Rates (2000-2005)

0

20

40

60

80

100

RadicalProstatectomy

Cryo Brachy External Beam RT

IMRT

93%3

53%4

91%1

14%2

51%5

5%6

63%7

41%8

NOTREPORTED

Occ

urr

en

ce (

%)

Rectal Morbidity Rectal Morbidity

  Severe Severe

(fistula)(fistula)ModerateModerate

(bleeding, urgency, (bleeding, urgency, diarrhea)diarrhea)

Radical Radical ProstatectomProstatectomyy

< 0.5 %< 0.5 % 1-19 %1-19 %

CryoablationCryoablation < 0.5 %< 0.5 % 0 %0 %

BrachytherapBrachytherapy y

  

< 0.5 %< 0.5 %4-11 %4-11 %

Beam Beam radiationradiation   

12-43 %12-43 %

  

IMRTIMRT     0-25 %0-25 %

  

Shrader-Bogen Cancer 1997; Talcott J Clin Oncol 1998; Lim Urology 1995; Ragde Cancer 1997; Theodorescu Cancer 2000; Merrick Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999; Merrick Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000; Donnelly Urology 2002; Long Urology 2001; Zelefsky Radiother Oncol; Brabbins Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;

Quality of Life following Primary Cryoablation

Badalament, 1999 (retrospective) 1year post op n=223, 96% pt satisfaction – higher than any other

therapy

Robinson, 1999 (prospective) 1 year post op n=69, QOL assessed before and after cryo return to baseline by 12 months for all domains except

sexual function in all patients

Robinson, 2002 (prospective) 3 year post op Long term sexual function follow-up: 13 % full recovery of erectile function 34 % recovery sufficient for intercourse No late onset morbidity

2006 AUA Presentation2006 AUA Presentation

n=182n=182

Biochemical survival @ 8 yrs: 81%Biochemical survival @ 8 yrs: 81%

Negative biopsy rate: 72%Negative biopsy rate: 72%

Incontinence: 2.2%Incontinence: 2.2%

Fistula 0%Fistula 0%

Retention 2.4% Retention 2.4%

Rectal pain 2.3%Rectal pain 2.3%

Primary Cryosurgical Ablation of the Prostate Primary Cryosurgical Ablation of the Prostate (TCAP): (TCAP): 8-Year Experience8-Year Experience Aaron E. Katz, Brian Stone, Kristofer Prepelica, Puneet Aaron E. Katz, Brian Stone, Kristofer Prepelica, Puneet

Masson.Masson.

Patient Selection Primary Cryoablation

General:General:Any patient with biopsy proven localized prostate cancer. Any patient with biopsy proven localized prostate cancer.

Ideal patients:Ideal patients: Moderate or high risk diseaseModerate or high risk disease High Gleason (kills the tissue not cells)High Gleason (kills the tissue not cells) Non-diploid tumors Non-diploid tumors Patients with high risk of positive surgical margins Patients with high risk of positive surgical margins Non surgical candidates Non surgical candidates Patients for whom potency is low priorityPatients for whom potency is low priority

Salvage Salvage CryoablationCryoablation

Radio-Recurrence Radio-Recurrence EpidemiologyEpidemiology

200,000200,000++ diagnoses of PCa a year diagnoses of PCa a year

30-40% undergo radiation (60,000 men) 30-40% undergo radiation (60,000 men)

30-40% of radiation cases fail 30-40% of radiation cases fail

biochemicallybiochemically

18,000-32,000 radiation failures per year18,000-32,000 radiation failures per year

Modified from Brawer Rev Urol. 2002;4(Suppl 2): S1

Salvage TherapySalvage TherapyTreatment OptionsTreatment Options

Hormone therapy Hormone therapy delaysdelays progression progression

Potentially curative treatment Potentially curative treatment options:options: Salvage Radical ProstatectomySalvage Radical Prostatectomy Salvage CryoablationSalvage Cryoablation

Fowler JE Cancer 1998; 82: 1112-7, Schellhammer PF J Urol 1993; 150: 1851-5

1. 1. Bahn et al Clin Prostate Cancer. 2003 Sep;2(2):111-4. 2. 2. Zincke Zincke et al J Urol 147(3 pt 2): 894-899, 1992 3. et al J Urol 147(3 pt 2): 894-899, 1992 3. BrennerBrenner et al Br J et al Br J

Urol 75(1): 44-47, 1995Urol 75(1): 44-47, 1995

BDFS Comparison of Salvage Cryoablation and Salvage Radical

Prostatectomy

Range of Published Results Range of Published Results

BDFS Comparison of Salvage BDFS Comparison of Salvage Cryoablation and Salvage Radical Cryoablation and Salvage Radical

Prostatectomy Prostatectomy

No apparent difference in efficacy… No apparent difference in efficacy… this is logical:this is logical:

If the cancer is truly localized both If the cancer is truly localized both salvage cryoablation and salvage salvage cryoablation and salvage radical prostatectomy will likely cure radical prostatectomy will likely cure the patient of their disease.the patient of their disease.

Salvage MorbidityRectal Injury Range of Published Results Range of Published Results

* Mador et al reported 50% post salvage radical but n = 4 so excluded* Mador et al reported 50% post salvage radical but n = 4 so excluded1. 1. Saliken Saliken et al et al Submitted toSubmitted to Cancer 2003 2. Cancer 2003 2. Katz and Ghafar Katz and Ghafar Rev Urol 4(Suppl 2):S18-S23, 2002 3. Rev Urol 4(Suppl 2):S18-S23, 2002 3. Neerhut Neerhut et al J Urol et al J Urol 140:544, 1988 4. 140:544, 1988 4. Rainwater and Zincke JRainwater and Zincke J Urology 140:1455, 1988 Urology 140:1455, 1988

Range of Published Results Range of Published Results

*Thompson et al 1988 reported 80 % Incontinence but n=5 so it is excluded.*Thompson et al 1988 reported 80 % Incontinence but n=5 so it is excluded.1. 1. Saliken Saliken et al et al Submitted toSubmitted to Cancer 2003 2. Cancer 2003 2. Katz and Ghafar Katz and Ghafar Rev Urol 4(Suppl 2):S18-S23, 2002 3. Rev Urol 4(Suppl 2):S18-S23, 2002 3. Neerhut Neerhut et al J Urol et al J Urol 140:544, 1988 4. 140:544, 1988 4. Rainwater and Zincke JRainwater and Zincke J Urology 140:1455, 1988 Urology 140:1455, 1988

Salvage MorbidityIncontinenc

e

8 – 10 fold difference in morbidity!8 – 10 fold difference in morbidity!

Changes in the tissue due to radiation result in Changes in the tissue due to radiation result in calcifications & blurring of surgical planes. Salvage calcifications & blurring of surgical planes. Salvage radical prostatectomy is more difficult than primary radical prostatectomy is more difficult than primary radical prostatectomy. radical prostatectomy.

Salvage cryoablation is more difficult than primary Salvage cryoablation is more difficult than primary cryoablation but careful treatment planning and cryoablation but careful treatment planning and intraoperative monitoring keep morbidities low. intraoperative monitoring keep morbidities low.

Salvage Morbidity Comparison

Publication of NotePublication of Note

n=59n=59 59 % = PSA < 0.5 59 % = PSA < 0.5 69 % = PSA < 1.0 @ 7 years69 % = PSA < 1.0 @ 7 years 5 year 5 year mortalitymortality of 27 % of 27 % Incontinence 4.7 %Incontinence 4.7 % 3.4 % fistula (only early in the experience)3.4 % fistula (only early in the experience)

Salvage Cryosurgery for Recurrent Prostate Salvage Cryosurgery for Recurrent Prostate Cancer After Radiation Therapy: A Seven-Year Cancer After Radiation Therapy: A Seven-Year Follow-up Follow-up

Bahn DK et al Bahn DK et al Technology in Cancer Research Technology in Cancer Research and Treatmentand Treatment, Jun;, Jun;33(3):253-8, 2004(3):253-8, 2004

2006 AUA Salvage 2006 AUA Salvage Cryo PresentationCryo Presentation

n=215 – Ten year experiencen=215 – Ten year experience

Biochemical survival: 73%Biochemical survival: 73%

Negative biopsy rate: 72%Negative biopsy rate: 72%

Incontinence: 4.0%Incontinence: 4.0% Fistula 0%Fistula 0%

Salvage Cryosurgical Ablation of the Prostate (TCAP) for Patients Failing Salvage Cryosurgical Ablation of the Prostate (TCAP) for Patients Failing Radiation: Efficacy and TolerabilityRadiation: Efficacy and Tolerability

Aaron E. Katz, Kristofer Prepelica, James M. McKiernan, Carl A. Aaron E. Katz, Kristofer Prepelica, James M. McKiernan, Carl A. Olsson, Mitchell C. Benson.Olsson, Mitchell C. Benson.

Focal CryoablationFocal Cryoablation

Focal CryoablationFocal Cryoablation

Focal cryoablation is the indiscriminant Focal cryoablation is the indiscriminant aggressive freezing of tissue which aggressive freezing of tissue which destroys the microvasculature:destroys the microvasculature:

Hemi Hemi FreezeFreeze

No FreezeNo Freeze

1. Standard biopsy shows evidence of 1. Standard biopsy shows evidence of cancer only on one sidecancer only on one side

2. Saturation biopsy 2. Saturation biopsy ((every 5 mmevery 5 mm) to ) to confirm no cancer confirm no cancer on the contralateral on the contralateral sideside

Focal BiopsyFocal BiopsyPatient Selection Patient Selection

Onik et al. Urology. 2002 Jul; 60 (1): 109-14. Onik et al. Urology. 2002 Jul; 60 (1): 109-14.

Focal "nerve-sparing" cryosurgery for Focal "nerve-sparing" cryosurgery for treatment of primary prostate cancer: a treatment of primary prostate cancer: a new approach to preserving potency.new approach to preserving potency.

Focal Clinical DataFocal Clinical Data

9 patients 9 patients

F/U 6-72 months, mean of 36F/U 6-72 months, mean of 36

5 of 9 patients moderate risk5 of 9 patients moderate risk

All stable PSA, 6 /6 negative bxAll stable PSA, 6 /6 negative bx

Focal prostate cryoablation: initial results show cancer Focal prostate cryoablation: initial results show cancer control and potency preservation control and potency preservation Bahn DK et alBahn DK et al Endourology In Press, 2006Endourology In Press, 2006

n=28 Median f/u: 70 months BDFS (ASTRO): 93% Negative biopsy rate: 95% Potency: 87% Incontinence: 0%

Focal Clinical DataFocal Clinical Data

n=20 (all unifocal PCa – no RT or

hormones) Median f/u: 13 months BDFS (ASTRO): 85% Negative biopsy rate: 95% Potency: 95% Incontinence: 0%

AUA 2005 – San Antonio AUA 2005 – San Antonio Focal Cryosurgery: Encouraging Health Focal Cryosurgery: Encouraging Health Outcomes for Unifocal Prostate CancerOutcomes for Unifocal Prostate CancerPuneet Masson, Aaron E. Katz, et al.Puneet Masson, Aaron E. Katz, et al. Columbia University, NYColumbia University, NY

Focal Clinical DataFocal Clinical Data

Early results are promising and consistent across investigators.

Focal cryoablation of all known cancer combined with vigilant follow-up may provide effective cancer control and substantially improved quality of life.

Focal cryoablation should only be performed within a clinical trail.

Focal CryoablationFocal Cryoablation