SMART CAR PARK

Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION 2

Introduction 2

Statement of Problem 2

Aims 3

Project Scopes 3

LITERATURE REVIEW 4

Introduction 4

Theoretical study 4

Microcontroller 5

IR Sensor 6

Multiplexer 7

Barcode 7

Auto Pay Machine 8

Related Project 9

METHODOLOGY 10

Introduction 10

Project methodology 10

Project Flow Chart For Smart Car Park 11

RESOURCES 12

COSTING 13

GANTT CHART 14

CRITICAL ANALYSIS 15

REFERENCE 16

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SMART CAR PARK

INTRODUCTION

1. Introduction

When enter to the car park, generally user will start finding the parking lot to park

their car. Sometimes user need to find from first level to the upper level (for multilayer car

park mostly at Hypermarket), but sometimes when there is any Mega sales or any functions

user are hard to get a parking lot. At this season many user need to for others user exit and

just can park. This is totally a waste of time. But if the car parking system are able to view the

empty parking lot before they enter, then it should be no any hard work to get the parking lot.

Therefore in this project, this smart car parking system will help user to solve this

problem where user is able to view and select the empty Parking lot from the screen before

the ticket is printed out. In this way, it will save the user time from finding the parking lot.

2. Statement of Problem

This project is designed since we always can see that user are fail to get the parking

lot when enter to the car park. Some user need to turn around the multilayer car park and

some need to wait until others people exit and just can park their car.

This is totally wasting the user time from finding the car park.

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SMART CAR PARK

3. Aims

Help the user to view and park car at the empty lot.

Help the user to save their time from finding the parking lot.

Manage parking services effectively.

Objective

To design a smart car parking system where user are able to view and select the empty

car parking lot from the computer screen and print out the ticket before proceed to the

parking lot.

To save the user time from finding the parking lot.

System are able to make sure the user park at the correct parking lot which is selected

earlier.

4. Project Scopes

This project consist two main parts that makes the system operational. The first part

was the hardware, whereas I need to identify an input and output devices also the uses of the

component or material such as the microcontroller, PIC18F4550, IR sensor, LED,

multiplexer, barcode scanner and etc. The second part of the project was the program to make

the circuit live and I need to identify suitable software to create the source code, but it will

take some time and help to understand and to start using the software. The software used for

this project are MPLAB version 8.84 programming environment to program the PIC

microcontroller and Visual Basic 2010 to write the program show in the screen (laptop). i.e:

bar code

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SMART CAR PARK

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

This project required lots of literature review and research have to be done beforehand

and the knowledge about this project need to be have enough to able this project can be

achieve. This chapter includes the related work done on the Smart Car Parking. In this

chapter will contain with the main components, methods and related project.

2.2 Theoretical study

The details are comprises descriptions of Microcontroller, IR sensor, multiplexer, bar

code, bar code scanner and auto pay machine.

2.2.1 Microcontroller

Microcontroller is a programmable integrated circuit which is consists of processor,

memory and programmable input/output peripherals. It is small in size and used to control

object, process or events. Another term in describing microcontroller is embedded controller

because the microcontroller and its support circuit is built together or embedded in the device

that they control.

Microcontroller are widely use in various field mostly in autonomously controlled

products such as in audio & speech, automotive, motor control, security & authentication and

many more. There is a lot of microcontroller available in the market such as PIC, ARM, Free

scale, Atmel and the most popular for making an electronic project is the PIC microcontroller

produced by Microchip Technology Inc.

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SMART CAR PARK

The source code or the program is an information that microcontroller need to run.

The program can be written using variety of language such as assembly language, C

Languages or in assembler. The software need to be free from any error to make the

application successful.

Figure 2.1: PIC 18F4550 Microcontroller

Figure 2.2: PIC Microcontroller function

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SMART CAR PARK

2.2.2 IR Sensor

IR sensor is the electromagnetic radiation which have longer wavelength than the

visble light, also with the visible spectrum at0.74 Micrometres (µm) to 300 µm. It is

corresponds to a frequency range of approximately 1 to 400 THz and most of the thermal

radiation emitted by objects near room temperature.

In this project IR sensor is using as sensor when user enter the car to the parking lot and the

white LED will keep blinking (select parking lot from the screen) until the users park their

car at the correct place and the LED just will OFF.

Figure 2.3: IR Sensor and the basic design of the infrared proximity sensor

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SMART CAR PARK

2.2.4 Barcode

In our life nowadays, most people today have seen bar code attached on

everything that we buy especially at hypermarket but are we really know what is the bar

code? Bar code actually is the symbol or optical that use to represent the data of the object.

For example is the price of the object. There are so many types of bar code but which we

usually can see is line bar code. The codes can be detected and decoded using a barcode

scanner; an electronic devise for reading the printed barcode which consist of light source,

lens & light sensor to convert optical impulses into electrical.

2.2.6 Auto Pay Machine

Auto pay Machine is a device where customers pay money for services or ticket. It

has been widely used as a part of car parking system in Malaysia. Other than this auto pay

machine customers also can pay for the services by the electronic cash register where

customers not required to pay at the auto pay machine but just drive their car and pass the bar

code ticket to the security duty on that day. Security will scan the ticket to retrieve the price

from database. This will be simulated in the project using Visual Basic (VB) software, thus

no hardware will be required for this interface.

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SMART CAR PARK

Related Project

Below show the related project of the smart car parking system.

2.3.1 Ray_Shine Run 1, Jui-Cheng Yen 2, and Chihhsuan Chen3 “ A Study of Automatic

Parallel Parking System from the Viewpoints of User and Manufacturer ” 1Department

of Electronic Engineering, National United University of Taiwan, Miaoli, Taiwan.

They are study and research about the Parallel Parking System which they tried to

integrate the system by using smart phone and Bluetooth. The parking system will operate by

only press any button on the smart phone. User also can control the car or park the car in

position automatically by only pressing one button on the smart phone.

But the projects seem like not really successfully because they still need some improvement

on the Bluetooth and to allow an Android intellectual cell phone to control the car.

2.3.2 1Noor Hazrin Hany Mohamad Hanif, 1Mohd Hafiz Badiozaman, 2Hanita Daud,

“Smart Parking Reservation System using Short Message Services (SMS). Electrical and

Electronic Engineering Department & Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department

Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

In this project the wireless communication instrumentation device (micro-RTU) will

precedes the SMS which is sent through user when there is a parking spots found. Micro-

RTU will reply the confirmation of booking by giving the details of reservation like password

and lot number. To enter the parking lot user need to use the password and it is only for

certain of time.

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SMART CAR PARK

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

This chapter will describe the project methodology to complete the Smart Car Parking

system which is able to help the user or driver to save their time from finding the parking lot.

3.2 Project methodology

This project can be divided into four important sections. Firstly, the project literature

review where the general idea about this project established. In this section also, all required

components are

The second section is to design and fabricate the electronic circuit to fulfill the project

requirement. Details of components involved need to be clarify and relevant documents such

as datasheet and product manuals need to be obtained.

The third section of the project is to develop the program for the microcontroller. The

software that going to be used are MPLAB version 8.84 programming environment to

program the PIC microcontroller and Visual Basic 2010 to write the program show in the

screen (laptop). i.e: bar code.

The last section of the project is testing and commissioning the project to confirm that this

project is working well and as per expected outcome

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SMART CAR PARK

3.3 Project Flow Chart For Smart Car Park

Figure 3.1: Project Flow Chart

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SMART CAR PARK

RESOURCES

As per the project necessity the Hardware and Software are classified below:

Hardware

I. PIC18F4550II. IR sensor

III. LEDIV. MultiplexerV. Barcode Scanner

Software

I. MPLAB version 8.84II. Visual Basic 2010

III. MYSQL (Barcode)

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SMART CAR PARK

COSTING

5.1

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COMPONENTS QUANTITY COST (RM)

IR Sensor 18

Microcontroller Unit

PIC16F84A

5 125

Resistors 10 4.50

Wire 3m 15

AC to DC Adaptor 1 20

Printed Circuit Board 5 70

TOTAL

SMART CAR PARK

GANTT CHART

6.1 Gantt Chart

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SMART CAR PARK

CRITICAL ANALYSIS

If sensor fails to detect well, it will cause problem, therefore it is important to make

sure these is resistor to maintain the power of the sensor.

The drawback of the sensor would be its sensitivity towards environmental conditions

such as fog or blowing snow which affects the operation of the sensors.

Software, if the coding goes wrong, it may also cause a problem which might results

in poor function.

Pic Microcontroller is where we save the program. It is where we have to make sure

that the base enters the correct hole. In case the base breaks or enters the wrong hole,

it will not function as its sensitive. If the voltage get over, it will get burned

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SMART CAR PARK

REFERENCE

1. Fernando E.Valdes-Perez & Ramon Pallas-Areny(2009).”Microcontrollers,

Fundamental & Application With PIC”.CRC Press.

2. D.B.L Bong, K.C.Ting, N.Rajaee “Car-Park Occupancy Information System.”

Falculty of Engineering , University Malaysia Sarawak 2006.

3. Keith Gavin, A.G.K. Ltd., “Bay-Specific Parking Guidance Information System

Installed at Dundrum Town Centre”

4. N. True. Vacant parking space detection in static images. University of California,

San Diego, 2007

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