Project vs. Product

First of all we will discuss about what is product and what is project?

Product:Product is, a company that develop and releases Hardware, Middleware,

Operating system, Languages, Tools etc are becomes the product. They develop the products for global clients i.e. there are no specific clients for them. Here the requirements are gathered from market and analyze that with some experts and start to develop the product. After developing the products they try to market it as a solution. Here the end users are more than one. Product development is never ending process and customization is possible.

Project:Project is finding solution to a particular problem to a particular client. It depends

on the product. By using the products like Hardware, Middleware, Operating system, Languages and Tools only we will develop a project. Here the requirements are gathered from the client and analyze with that client and start to develop the project. Here the end user is one.

Project--Placing the order before manufacturing processProduct--Placing the order after manufacturing process

Difference between Product and Project

Here is some important difference between project and products are listed.PRODUCTS PROJECTS

1 Here the requirements are gathered from market survey.

Here the requirements are gathered from particular client

2 Develop the application for Global clients

Develop the application for particular client

3 Products are depends on products Projects are depends on products4 End users are more than one End user is one5 Never ending process Once developed it will be finished

New Product development:

In business and engineering, New Product Development (NPD) is the term used to describe the complete process of bringing a new product or service to market. There are two ways are there in NPD.

1. Idea generation, Product design and deal engineering.2. Market research and market analysis.

Companies typically see new product development as the first stage in generating and commercializing new products within the overall strategic process of Product Lifecycle Management used to maintain or grow their market share.

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM):

In traditional manufacturing, companies must address a variety of complex challenges to improve product development. The challenges like managing all data relating to the design, production, support and ultimate disposal of manufactured goods and more.

To better race and win successful manufacturing companies are seeking an enterprise solution that solves these product development challenges. For these types of challenges PLM gives a better solution.

Product lifecycle management (PLM) is the title commonly applied to a set of application software that enables the New Product Development (NPD) business process.

In PLM there are four primary areas, they are

1. Product and Portfolio Management (PPM)2. Product Design (CAx)3. Manufacturing Planning (MPM)4. Product Data Management (PDM)

Product and Portfolio Management is focused on managing resource allocation, tracking progress vs. plan for projects in the new product development projects that are in process (or in a holding status). Portfolio management is a tool that assists management in tracking progress on new products and making trade-off decisions when allocating scarce resources.

Product Data Management is focused on capturing and maintaining information on products and/or services through its development and useful life.

The product lifecycle management covers at least the following areas

1. Terms and abbreviations used in this field (definition of product, lifecycle, lifecycle phases etc)2. Product information models and product models3. Definition of products and product- related information objects (items, structures, product-related documents, definition of product information, etc)4. Product lifecycle management practices and principles used and applied in the company (how products are managed throughout their lifecycle, identification of

information management principles such as versioning principles, information status, etc.)5. Product management related process6. Instructions on how to apply the concept in everyday business.

Product Classification

Products are classified into two categories they are

1. Infrastructure Products2. Business Application Products

1. Infrastructure Products

In globe many product based companies are there. The companies like SUN, Microsoft, IBM, Apple, Intel, Cisco and Oracle are the some of product based companies. They are mainly releasing the products. They are mainly concentrating on the infrastructure products. The products like Hardware, Operating System, Middleware, Languages, Tools and API are the some of the infrastructure products.

The business application products are mainly depending on the Infrastructure products. The following are the matrix showing the major companies and its product.

Areas

VendorHardware OS Tools/

Application Middleware API LanguageDataBase

Sun Microsystems

Sun Enterprise, Sun Blade, Sun Fire, Netra, SPARC Enterprise, UltraSPARC T1 / UltraSPARC T2, SPARC, JavaStation (NC), Sun Ray, Sun Modular Datacenter, Sun Grid, Sun SPOT

Solaris Sun Java Studio Creator,Sun Java Studio Enterprise,Sun Studio Software, Office Suite.

JMS, Sun Java System Application Server, Sun Java System Web Server

HttpServer API, AWT, JDBC, javax.swing, javax.imageio, javax.sound, java.sql

Java, Akido, DASL(Distributed Application Specification Language)

Java DB, HQL

Microsoft

Key boards, mouse, Webcam, Broadband Networking Wireless Base Station, Wireless Adapters

MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows, Singularity,Xenix.

Microsoft Visual Studio, Microsoft Office

MSMQ, ADO.NET,IIS, Windows Server, ISA server,

NetBIOS, DirectX, Win16,win32

QBasic, Visual Basic, VBScript, c#, visual c++, ASP.NET, VB.NET

SQL Server, MS Access,

IBM

Notebooks, PC’s, Printers, storage Devices, Processors, mainframe computers, Scanners

AIX/AIXL, IBM 4690 Operating System, OS/2, IBSYS, PC-DOS, DOS/360

Eclipse, Jikes, Lotus, Rational clearcase

Websphere, MQSeries, HttpServer

SIM API, AIXlink/X.25 API

Assembly Language, FORTRAN, PL/I, PL/S, REXX Scripting Language, RPG (Report Program Generator).

DB2

Apple

PC’s, Laptops, IPhone, Ipod, Apple Paladin, Modem, Apple TV.

MAC OS 8, MAC OS 9, MAC OS 10, MAC OS X 10.2(Jaguar), MAC OS X 10.3(Panther), MAC OS X 10.4(Tiger), MAC OS X 10.5(Leopard)

AppleWorks No Applicationservers

Cocoa(for MAC OS X), AppleHelp.h

Apple Pascal, Applesoft BASIC, cyberdog internet suit

Apple Spec DB

HP

Notebooks, pcs, Printers, Pocket pc, Scanners, Digital cameras.

HP-UX, HP-UX 10x, HP-UX 11.0, HP-UX 11i, HP Tru64 Unix OS

q-tools, SmartFrog

HP Application Server (HP-AS)

Printer Command Language(PCL)

No

Intel

Processors, Motherboard chipsets, Desktop, Notebooks, Server chassis, Modular Server, Flash memory, Eathernet Controllers, Microcontrollers,Adaptors, Blade servers, RFID Transreceiver

iRMX

OracleApplication Development

Oracle Application

PL/SQL Latest version

Framework, Jdeveloper, Oracle Developer Suit(Oracle Forms, Oracle Designer), Oracle SOA Suite, Oracle Media Objects

server Oracle 11g

Cisco

Routers, Switches, Network cables, wireless Lan Controllers

CATOS(Catalyst Operating System), CISCO IOS(Internetwork Operating System), IOS-XR.

Network Management tools

CISCO Unified Application Server

Red Hat

Servers(Red Hat Enterprice Linux 5 server, Red Hat Enterprice Linux 5 Advanced Platform, for Mainframes, HPC),Desktop(Enterprise Linux 5)

SAP

SAP ERP, SAP NetWeaver

SAP Web Application Server (Web AS)

ABAP(Advanced Business Application Programming)

Maxdb

Apache Software

Foundation

Apache Directory Studio, Apache Log4j, Apache ODE (Orchestration Director Engine), Apache Axis, apache Open for Business(apache OFBiz), Apache Struts, Apache Jackrabbit, Apache Beehive, ANT

Apache HTTP Server, Geronimo, Apache Directory Server, Apache Tomcat(application server)

Apache POI, Apache Portable Runtime API, Lucence API

Apache Derby

The above mentioned are the infrastructure products released by major companies in world. The companies like HP, Intel and Cisco are mainly concentrating on Hardware

products. The companies like IBM, SUN, Microsoft are releasing products in all areas. Red Hat is developing only OS. When we look oracle products they are mainly developed the Oracle database and tools.

2. Business Application Products

Business Application products are entirely different from Infrastructure. These types of products are mainly depending on the infrastructure. There are many companies are providing this products. These products are domain specific. They are developing the products entirely for Business solutions. They develop the products in the following domains.

1. Finance, Accounts & Insurance 2. Manufacturing & Engineering 3. Pharmaceutical 4. Chemical & Bulk Drugs 5. Information Technology, IT, ITES, BPO, KPO 6. Software & Computers 7. Hospitality 8. Education, Schools, Computer Training - Coaching Institutes & College  9. Health Care, Hospitals, Laboratory, Medical Institutes & Research Centers 10. Food Processing 11. Transportation, Packers & Movers, Automobile

In this areas there are different types of companies are giving the products. The major companies providing the solution are

1. SAP2. Oracle3. HP4. IBM

SAP:

They are providing the business application solution in the following areas

1. Enterprise Applications2. Business Solutions3. SAP solutions for small businesses and midsize companies

Enterprise Applications

In enterprise applications they are giving the following products

SAP Business Suito SAP Customer Relationship Managemento SAP ERPo SAP Product Lifecycle Managemento SAP Supply Chain Managemento SAP Supplier Relationship Management

Duet SAP Manufacturing SAP Service and Assistant Management SAP xApps Composite Applications

o SAP xApps Analyticso SAP xApps For Mobile Business

Business Solutions

SAP is giving the following types of products

Packages from SAP and Business Objectso Data Integration and Data Quality Management Packageo Enterpriser Query, Reporting and Analysis Packageo Financial Performance Management Packageo Governance, Risk, and Compliance Packageo Master Data Services Packageo Visualization and Reporting Package

SAP Solution for Enterprise Performance Management SAP Solution for Governance, Risk, and Compliance Package SAP Solution for Information Works SAP Solution for RFID Solution Extensions

Solutions for Small Businesses and Midsize Companies

They are giving solutions to small business and midsize companies SAP Business All-in-One SAP Business ByDesign SAP Business One BusinessObjects Edge Series Crystal Reports Server SAP Business All-in-One and BusinessObjects Edge Standard

ORACLE:

Oracle is also famous for the Business Application Products. They are giving the products in the following areas.

1. Applications2. Industries

Applications:

In Application section the following are the products that Oracle is releasing

Oracle E-Business Suite PeopleSoft Enterprise Siebel JD Edwards EnterpriseOne JD Edwards World Hyperion Oracle Fusion Application Integration Architecture Oracle On Demand

Industries:

Banking Communication Financial Services Healthcare High Technology Public Sector Retail Utilities

IBM:

IBM is both product and project based company. They are producing both the Infrastructure products and the Business application products. We already discussed about the infrastructure products.

Business Application products:

IBM is offering lot of business application products they are in the following areas Automotive, Banking, Electronics, Insurance and Retail.

Business Solution for Automotive:

1. Automotive customer relationship management (CRM) analytics solutions

2. Mechanical design solutions from IBM

In this area they are helping to increase productivity, improve profitability and achieve growth.

Business Solution for Banking

1. Core Systems2. Customer insight3. Multi-channel4. Payments5. Risk and compliance

Business Solution for Electronics

1. Electronics value chain management2. IBM production solutions3. Electronics sales and service4. Product lifecycle management

Business Solution for Insurance

1. Life insurance core system2. Claims3. Underwriting4. Insurance CRM strategy5. Sales & customer service6. Channel Management7. Resilience & Security8. Customer Insight9. ERM

Business Solution for Retail

1. Transform the store - Transform the customer experience in the store by configuring it to the needs of the shopper, real-time.

2. Enable the workforce - Associates have the self-service access to the tools they need to do their jobs.

3. Focus the supply chain - Delivering the right things to the right place at the right time to meet real-time customer demand.

4. Operate on demand - Leveraging your infrastructure to ensure that new innovations can be deployed in stores quickly.

HP:

HP is also one of the leading Business Application Provider. They are providing the solution in the following areas.

1. Large Enterprise Business Solutions2. Small and Medium Business Solutions3. Home and Home Office Solutions4. Government, Health and Education Solutions

Business Application vs. Infrastructure

The products are divided into two types, one is business application and another one is infrastructure. The business application products are mainly depends on the infrastructure. Most of the companies are developing the both products. The companies like IBM, HP, Oracle and SAP are developing both the above products. They are mainly using their own infrastructure products for developing the business application products.

When we look out oracle they are mainly developing the Business application products like Oracle E-Business Suite, PeopleSoft Enterprise, Siebel, Agile Product Lifecycle Management and Oracle Fusion Applications these are the main business products released by Oracle for Business industries. And the products like Application Development Framework, Jdeveloper, Oracle Developer Suit (Oracle Forms, Oracle Designer) Oracle SOA Suite, and Oracle Media Objects are also developing. The main product of oracle is Oracle Database.

Sun Microsystems and Microsoft are mainly concentrating on the infrastructure products. They are mainly releasing the hardware, programming languages, API, Middleware, Operating system and different types of development tools and applications. They are concentrating on this because the need of these things is more then the Business application product development. So the business application products are always depending on the hardware, Operating system, Middleware and tools.

When we look out the world market the industries involved in business application product development is greater than the infrastructure. This is because they are developing the business products in the following areas.

1. Finance, Accounts & Insurance 2. Manufacturing & Engineering 3. Pharmaceutical 4. Chemical & Bulk Drugs 5. Information Technology, IT, ITES, BPO, KPO 6. Software & Computers 7. Hospitality 8. Education, Schools, Computer Training - Coaching Institutes & College  9. Health Care, Hospitals, Laboratory, Medical Institutes & Research Centers 10. Food Processing 11. Transportation, Packers & Movers, Automobile

SAP ERP

SAP ERP application product contains the following products

1. SAP ERP Financials2. SAP ERP Human Capital Management3. SAP ERP Operations4. SAP ERP Corporate Services

The solutions for industries

1) Banking2) Defense & Security3) Healthcare4) Higher Education & Research5) Insurance6) Public Sector

7) Aerospace & Defense8) Automotive9) Chemicals10) Consumer Products11) Engineering Construction & Operations12) High Tech13) Industrial Machinery & Components14) Life Sciences15) Mill Products16) Mining17) Oil & Gas18) Logistics Service Providers19) Media20) Postal Services21) Professional Services22) Railways23) Retail24) Telecommunications25) Utilities26) Wholesale & Distribution

Open Source Products

Generically, Open Source refers to a program in which the source code is available to the general public for use and/or modification from its original design free of charge, i.e., opens. Open source code is typically created as a collaborative effort in which programmers improve upon the code and share the changes within the community. Open source develops in the technological community as a response to proprietary software owned by corporations.

The free software movement was launched in 1983. In 1998, a group of individuals advocated that the term free software be replaced by open source software (OSS) as an expression which is less ambiguous and more comfortable for the corporate world. Software developers may want to publish their software with an open source license, so that anybody may also develop the same software or understand how it works. Open source software generally allows anybody to make a new version of the software, port it to new operating systems and processor architectures, share it with others or market it. The aim of open source is to let the product be more understandable, modifiable, duplicatable, reliable or simply accessible, while it is still marketable.

The following are the organizations and products that are developing the open source products

1. Apache Software Foundation2. Blender -- 3d animation3. Drupal -- Content Management System

4. Eclipse Foundation5. Free Software Foundation6. GIMP -- Image Editing similar to photoshop7. GNU8. Java9. JBoss10. Joomla -- Content Management System11. KnowledgeTree -- Document Management for Teams and Small to Medium-sized

Organizations12. Linux13. Macaulay2 -- algebraic geometry and commutative algebra14. Miranda IM -- multiprotocol IM15. Mozilla Foundation16. MySQL17. NetBSD18. OpenBSD19. Open-Xchange20. OpenOffice.org -- Word processor, spreadsheet, presentation tool, database,

equation editor21. Open Source Development Labs22. Open Source Initiative23. PHP -- Hypertext preprocessor24. Povray -- Ray Tracer25. Python26. Restore -- RESTORE is an open source project for heterogeneous system backup

and restore.27. SourceForge -- Repository of open source software28. Subversion (software) -- version control

The following are the Business Application Open source Products.

1. Compiere — ERP solution automates accounting, supply chain, inventory and sales orders.

2. ERP5 — Python and Zope based ERP3. PayThyme — Payroll software4. Quasar Accounting

* all rates are as on 1st day of month/yearYEAR 1 US $  = Rs. 1 GBP = Rs. 1 EURO = Rs.

1980 7.86 18.29 -1981 8.66 17.56 -

1982 9.46 16.55 -1983 10.10 16.32 -1984 11.37 15.19 -1985 12.38 15.98 -1986 12.61 18.46 -1987 12.96 22.22 -1988 13.91 24.76 -1989 16.23 26.59 -1990 17.01 28.04 -1991 18.20 34.54 -1992 26.32 46.54 -1993 26.32 46.30 -1994 31.37 46.54 -1995 31.37 49.01 -1996 35.18 54.59 -1997 35.86 61.42 -1998 39.24 64.17 -1999 42.47 70.50 49.58

2000 43.50 69.84 43.85

 2001 46.69 69.73

43.98

2002

48.34 70.37 43.12

2003 46.01 79.20 50.53 January       04

45.69 81.60 57.48

February     04 45.34 82.37 56.53 March         04 45.33 84.71 56.62 April           04 43.48 80.15 53.49 May           04 44.45 79.06 53.26 June           04 45.45 83.24 55.39 July            04 46.04 83.77 56.15 August      04 46.41 84.48 55.84 September 04 46.39 83.61 56.49 October     04 45.97 83.30 57.17 November  04 45.47 83.62 58.25 December 04 44.15 85.82 59.20 January     05 43.47 84.20 58.98

February   05 43.70 82.30 56.96 March       05 43.75 83.95 57.87 April          05 43.66 82.15 56.73 May           05 43.59 79.43 56.13 June           05 43.75 79.33 53.82 July           05 43.61 77.10 52.77 August     05 43.51 76.47 52.76 September 05 44.13 79.57 54.46 October    05 44.04 77.69 52.94 November 05 45.17 80.14 54.54 December 05 45.99 79.32 54.35 January    06 45.19 77.90 53.51 February  06 44.12 78.19 53.44 March      06 44.40 77.45 52.72 April         06 44.65 77.77 54.19 May         06 44.95 82.09 56.79 June         06 46.38 87.15 59.65 July          06 46.12 84.70 58.67 August     06 46.61 86.94 59.49 September 06 46.61 88.80 59.81 October    06 45.08 85.62 57.36 November 06 44.69 87.18 58.89 December 06 44.12 86.43 58.25 January    07 44.18 86.72 57.25 February 07 44.21 86.84 58.38 March     07 44.11 86.79 57.44 April        07 44.27 86.87 58.53 May        07 43.13 85.36 57.64 June         07 41.18 82.02 56.07 July          07 40.66 81.7 55.05 August    07 40.38 82.02 55.34

September  07 40.88 82.42 55.83 October   07 39.81 81.51 56.81

November  07 39.46 81.75 57.00 December  07 39.64 81.76 58.42 January   08 39.42 78.72 57.96 February   08 39.37 78.29 58.48

2006 2025

1 US 1 China

2 Japan 2 US

3 China 3 Japan

4 Germany 4 Germany

5 France 5 South Korea

6 UK 6 France

7 South Korea 7 India

8 Italy 8 UK

9 Brazil 9 Italy

10 Canada 10 Brazil

11 Russia 11 Russia

12 India 12 Indonesia

13 Spain 13 Mexico

14 Mexico 14 Taiwan

15 Indonedia 15 Canada

Scott-Mcnealy

Scott G McNealy Founder/Chairman of the Board/Director atSun Microsystems, IncorporatedSanta Clara, California TECHNOLOGY / DIVERSIFIED COMPUTER SYSTEMS Director since 198252 years old

Mr. McNealy is a Founder of Sun and has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors since April 2006, as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer from April 2004 to April 2006, as Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer from July 2002 to April 2004, as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer from April 1999 to June 2002, as Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer from December 1984 to April 1999, as President and Chief Operating Officer from February 1984 to December 1984 and as Vice President of Operations from February 1982 to February 1984.

In his 22 years at the helm, McNealy grew Sun from a Silicon Valley start-up to a leading provider of network computing infrastructure with 37,900 employees worldwide, all while positioning the Company as the model of corporate integrity. In 1986, he took Sun public, creating one of the most notable publicly traded technology companies.

Economy and infrastructure of India

Economy and tradecurrency: Rupee= 100 paiseannual inflation rate: 8%population below poverty line: 35%Gross Domestic Product: USD 340 per capitaGNI USD 450 per capita // - [ppp: 2340]GDP growth: 4%Income: USD 330 per capitaImport: USD 28655 per capita // - export: USD 26330 per capitaTrade: USD 44 per capita // - or 20% of GDPTrade partners: US JP CIS DE GBHuman development index: 0,571 // - position of the country in the world no.: 115Female labour force: 32%Unemployment: 9%Tourism: 2,6 millionEconomic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy

Land use: arable land: 57% //; - grass land: 4% //; - wooded area: 22% //; - arid land and desert: ca 10 - 15%Agriculture: labour force: 63% //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 31%Agricultural products: wheat, sugar cane, rice, millet, sorghum, jute, barley, tea, cattle, spices, cashews, cotton, potatoes, oilseedLivestock (million): asses: 1 / camels: 1 / cattle: 219 / buffalo 94 / goats: 123 / pigs: 16,5 / poultry: 402 / sheep: 58Fish catch: 3316815 - 5380000 metric tonnesIndustry: labour force: 11% //; - part of industry in GDP: 27%Industrial products: textiles, chemicals, petroleum products, jute, cement, fertilizers, food processing, steelMining products: coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, diamonds, oil & natural gas, bauxite, chromite, copper, manganese, mica, titaniumCO2 emission per capita: 1,1Services: labour force: 27% //; - part of services in GDP: 42%Energy use (kg per capita): 482Electricity use (per capita): 379Annual water use (per capita): 612