Project Based Learning of the Engineering Method V: A Hemodialysis System Design Project Young Engineers and Scientists Seminars Historical Electronics

Project Based Learning of the Project Based Learning of the Engineering Method V: Engineering Method V:

A Hemodialysis System Design ProjectA Hemodialysis System Design Project

Young Engineers and Young Engineers and Scientists Seminars Scientists Seminars

Historical Electronics MuseumHistorical Electronics Museum

Taryn Melkus Bayles, Ph.D. and Tania MonterastelliTaryn Melkus Bayles, Ph.D. and Tania MonterastelliChemical and Biochemical Engineering DepartmentChemical and Biochemical Engineering Department

University of Maryland Baltimore CountyUniversity of Maryland Baltimore County

December 13, 2007

Reach for the Stars! Design ChallengeReach for the Stars! Design ChallengeDesign and construct a self supporting structure for the

least amount of money: Height (inches)

Cost ($)

Team

Name

Height

(in)

Cost

($)

Bragging

Rights

Team Ballin 66.75 3.25 20.5

Quanta 63 3.10 20.3

The Fluffy Giraffes

71 3.60 19.7

EEK! Don’t Let It Leak! Design ChallengeEEK! Don’t Let It Leak! Design Challenge

• Design and construct a device which will protect an egg when it is dropped from a 10 foot height.

1 .

Mass (g) Cost ($)

Team

Name

Mass

(g)

Cost

($)

Bragging

Rights4 Asians & A White Guy

5.9 0.06 2.825

The Alliance 5.04 0.08 2.480

DP2 5.86 0.08 2.133

Separate This!! Design ChallengeSeparate This!! Design Challenge• Design and construct a device or series of devices to separate the

blue sand from the mixture while maximizing the amount of blue sand recovered

Final Mass (g) Initial Mass (g)

Team

Name

Final Mass

(g)

Initial Mass

(g)

Bragging

Rights

Sunny’s 16.46 11.41 .693

MMB 17.41 10.01 .575

Asian, Jew, Hippee, Albino & Guido

17.38 7.08 .407

Snap Krackle and Pop!! Design ChallengeSnap Krackle and Pop!! Design Challenge• Design and construct a device or series of devices to separate the

Rice Krispies from the mixture of breakfast cereal while maximizing the amount of Rice Krispies recovered and minimizing cost

Team

Name

% Recovery

Cost

(¢)Bragging

RightsMMB 81.3 4 20.34

4 Asians & A White Guy

71.8 4 17.95

We give up and went home

86.3 10 8.63

YESS Program Mini Design Challenge: YESS Program Mini Design Challenge: Let It Flow!Let It Flow!

• Design and construct an apparatus to transfer 500 ml of water a distance of 4 feet as quickly as possible while minimizing the cost of the apparatus.

• Use only the materials provided– Three different diameter tubing (each are 2

feet long), funnels, plastic ties, rubber hose connectors, empty 500 ml bottle

– You may not cut the tubing

Final volume (ml) / initial volume (ml)

[ time (s) x cost ($) ]

Let It Flow! Design Challenge:Let It Flow! Design Challenge:

Let it Flow!! Design ChallengeLet it Flow!! Design Challenge• Design and construct a device which will

transport 500 ml of water a distance of 4 feet as quickly as possible.

Team

Name%

RecoveryTime

(sec)

Cost

($)Bragging

RightsBlood Donors 99 9 .90 0.122

The Alliance 100 8.8 1.05 0.108

Three Guys 100 11.41 1.02 0.086

YESS Program Design ProjectYESS Program Design Project

www.yesshem.comwww.yesshem.com– Bragging Rights:

Removal of impurities (mg) x Dialysate $ index x System $ Index

YESS Program Design ProjectYESS Program Design Projectwww.yesshem.comwww.yesshem.com

• How to Design a Hemodialysis System?– Factors that influence system performance:• Diffusion of impurities

– Concentration

– Temperature

– Molecule size

• Dialysis membranes– Pore size

– Surface area

• Simulated blood flow rate

• Dialysate flow rate

• Co-current/Counter-current flow


• Hemodialysis System Product Performance Bragging Rights

Impurity removal - mg x dialysate cost index x device cost index

– Cost Basis:– Choice of four membranes

• 6.37 mm Diameter 14000 MW cut off $3.05/ft• 16 mm Diameter 14000 MW cut off $4.20/ft• 12.1 mm Diameter and 3500 MW cut off $2.84/ft• 16 mm Diameter and 3500 MW cut off $3.22/ft

– Dialysate cost is $20.00 per liter– Cost index

• Dialysate cost index– Minimum dialysate cost that meets design specifications Team dialysate cost

• Device cost index– Minimum total system cost meets design specifications Team total system cost


• How do you make the Simulated Blood and the Dialysate Flow?– Pump– Gravity– Mathematical relationship

Relates pressure, velocity and height

Bernoulli equation


• Removal of Impurities – Tartrazine Dilution Standards


• Removal of Impurities – Visual Comparison is made– Concentration x Dialysate Quantity


• Examples of Hemodialysis Systems







• For Tonight’s YESS Design Session– Design notebook– Complete Hemodialysis Design Project Sheet

• Team Name, High School, Team Members & Emails

– “Purchase” membrane• Membrane pore size, diameter – surface area, length, cost

– Each team will be given 500 ml of simulated blood for practice testing• Old clothes• Gloves

– How you will flow BOTH the blood and dialysate– How will you determine the amount of impurities that you

have removed?• Volume of dialysate used• Concentration of dialysate at end of testing

Documents

Project Based Learning of the Engineering Method V: A Hemodialysis System Design Project Young Engineers and Scientists Seminars Historical Electronics