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Progresses and Challenges of Infrastructure Spending in Timor-Leste
By: Antonio Vitor
The 2013 Timor-Leste Update - ANU
ADB Consultant & MPW Adviser
Outline:
1. Background
2. The Targets in Strategic Development Plan
3. Some Progresses
4. The Challenges
Background
• The status of infrastructure : inadequate and inefficient
• Source of Financing : Self + co-financing
• Implementation issues
• Low execution
• High budget diversion
Timor-Leste’s Strategic Development Plan 2011-2030
• SDP Goal: achieving a middle income country by 2030.
• Infrastructure Tasks : building & maintaining core and productive infrastructures to support growth, increase productivity, create jobs, and national private sector development
• Targets for:
• Roads: - rural roads are fully rehabilitated by 2015
- district roads fully rehabilitated by 2020
- national roads fully upgrade by 2020
- comprehensive maintenance program
- national ring road highway (2 + 2 lanes) by 2030 (to start with Suai-Beaco)
• Water: - by 2030, all citizens will have access to clean water and improved sanitation
• Power/ Electricity: by 2015 everyone in Timor-Leste will have access ( 24/7); and by 2020 reduce fuel dependency by half.
• Ports: Tibar - by 2020 - new, fully operational and efficient major port Suai – by 2015, fully operational and efficient
• Airports: Dili: extension of the runway and a new terminal building
Progresses:
National roads:
• upgraded Liquica-Maubara (Dec 2013) – 14 km
• by 2017 will upgrade about 600 km out of 1,426 kilometers (40%)
• Key links (Dili to Motain; Tibar-Gleno, Dili-Baucau, Baucau-Viqueque, Baucau-Loapalos (Com), Dili-Ainaro, and Manatuto-Natarbora
Rural roads: 240 kilometres out of 3,025 km of rural roads rehabilitated & maintained (70% of the population living in rural areas)
Progresses (continued)
Electricity :
• 2 new power plants with 250 mgws capacity in place
• 9 Sub-stations,
• connection of 506 km of transmission lines out of 603 km
• June 2013, ---106.072 hhs access to electricity,
• 97,072 hhs connected to the grid -- 9,000 hhs renovable energy.
Tibar Port (PPP) at procurement stage
• Reform the current system, practices and institutional arrangement?
• lacks capacities (human resources & institutions) to deliver SDP targets
• under-developed national private sector (construction, design, supervision)
• still low performance in public investment management and public finance management
• relative small market for private investment low participation – lack competition- high cost)
Challenges
• under-developed financial markets, high-cost in doing business, weak macro-economy environment, poor governance (led to low return on capital)
• political economy influences investment logics
• institutional arrangement in delivering infrastructure (overlapping responsibilities , coordination issues)
• Ineffective investments prioritization
• political interference and of multiple, changing and competing stakeholders.
• clear separation of political and technical responsibilities
Challenges (continued):
MPW 5-year Action Plan
“100% of Dili households with safe 24-hr supply by 2017 ~4000 new connections / year?
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 20170
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
50,000Dili households with pipe connections
Target Current Trend? 4000 / yr
Year
Ho
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ho
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