Profilers & Surface GaugesProfilers & Surface GaugesNE Corner of Stuart Hwy & McMillansNE Corner of Stuart Hwy & McMillans

2835-MHz Precip. Profiler: 0.3-18 km2835-MHz Precip. Profiler: 0.3-18 km

920-MHz Wind Profiler: 0.3-3 km920-MHz Wind Profiler: 0.3-3 km

50-MHz Wind Profiler: 2-8 km50-MHz Wind Profiler: 2-8 km

Joss-Waldvogel DisdrometerJoss-Waldvogel Disdrometer

Two Rain GaugesTwo Rain Gauges

ARM SiteARM Site

50-MHz Boundary Layer Radar: 0.3-6 km50-MHz Boundary Layer Radar: 0.3-6 km

2835-MHz Profiler2835-MHz Profiler

Vertical Beam (only)Vertical Beam (only)

Precipitation ModePrecipitation Mode

(60 m Pulse)(60 m Pulse)

ReflectivityReflectivity

Doppler VelocityDoppler Velocity

Velocity VarianceVelocity Variance

2835-MHz Profiler2835-MHz Profiler

Vertical Beam (only)Vertical Beam (only)

Cloud ModeCloud Mode

(500 m Pulse)(500 m Pulse)

ReflectivityReflectivity

Doppler VelocityDoppler Velocity

Velocity VarianceVelocity Variance

920-MHz Profiler920-MHz Profiler

Vertical BeamVertical Beam

(North or East)(North or East)

ReflectivityReflectivity

Doppler VelocityDoppler Velocity

Velocity VarianceVelocity Variance

50-MHz Profiler50-MHz Profiler

Vertical BeamVertical Beam

(North or East)(North or East)

ReflectivityReflectivity

Doppler VelocityDoppler Velocity

Velocity VarianceVelocity Variance

Surface Disdrometer Surface Disdrometer and Rain Gaugesand Rain Gauges

Disdrometer Disdrometer ReflectivityReflectivity

Disdrometer Rain RateDisdrometer Rain Rate

Rain AccumulationsRain Accumulations

50-MHz and 2835-MHz Spectra50-MHz and 2835-MHz Spectra

Air Motion Hydrometeor

Observed DObserved D00 - Z - ZDRDR

DD00 Retrieved from profiler pair Retrieved from profiler pairZZDRDR Estimated from CPOL Estimated from CPOLBrandes et al. (2004): DBrandes et al. (2004): D00 = 0.171Z = 0.171ZDRDR

3 3 - 0.725Z- 0.725ZDRDR2 2 + 1.479Z+ 1.479ZDR DR + 0.717+ 0.717

Bringi et al. (2002): DBringi et al. (2002): D00 = 1.81Z = 1.81ZDRDR0.4860.486

DD00-Z-ZDRDR Regression: 1.38 Z Regression: 1.38 ZDRDR0.5470.547

Vertical Air Vertical Air MotionMotion

50-MHz profiler50-MHz profiler

Estimate updraft Estimate updraft and downdraft and downdraft statistics during statistics during convection – we convection – we have multiple have multiple years of data to years of data to analyzeanalyze

50-MHz Boundary Layer Radar – ARM site50-MHz Boundary Layer Radar – ARM site

Low altitude mode (0 – 3 km)Low altitude mode (0 – 3 km)

50-MHz Boundary Layer Radar – ARM site50-MHz Boundary Layer Radar – ARM site

High altitude mode (2 – 8 km)High altitude mode (2 – 8 km)